summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/lib/vfs/HACKING
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-05-04 17:44:12 +0000
committerDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-05-04 17:44:12 +0000
commit8ccb487c21368a7fdc8c7c72315325bf0aa06147 (patch)
treeb2056fae01d325924508a41731edfbd4c3cddd23 /lib/vfs/HACKING
parentInitial commit. (diff)
downloadmc-8ccb487c21368a7fdc8c7c72315325bf0aa06147.tar.xz
mc-8ccb487c21368a7fdc8c7c72315325bf0aa06147.zip
Adding upstream version 3:4.8.29.upstream/3%4.8.29upstream
Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>
Diffstat (limited to 'lib/vfs/HACKING')
-rw-r--r--lib/vfs/HACKING104
1 files changed, 104 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/lib/vfs/HACKING b/lib/vfs/HACKING
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c02e23d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/vfs/HACKING
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+Intended audience
+=================
+
+This document is intended for everybody who wants to understand VFS
+code. Knowledge of programming is a must.
+
+
+Preface
+=======
+
+While VFS should be considered an excellent idea, which came ahead of
+its time, the implementation used in GNU Midnight Commander is now
+showing its age.
+
+The VFS code was left us without any decent documentation. Most
+functions don't have comments explaining what they do. Most comments
+describe quirks and implementation details, rather than the intended
+functionality of the code. This document is an attempt to reconstruct
+understanding of the VFS code and help its future developers.
+
+Being the part of GNU Midnight Commander most exposed to potential
+security threats, the VFS code needs to be kept is a good shape.
+Understanding the code is the key to making and keeping it secure.
+
+
+Basics of code organization
+===========================
+
+VFS code it to a certain extent object oriented. The code dealing with
+a certain type of data (e.g. tar archives) can be thought
+of as a class in the terms of object oriented programming. They may
+reuse some code from their parent classes. For instance, tar and cpio
+archives have a common parent class direntry, which contains some common
+code for archives.
+
+Individual archives or connections can be considered as instances of
+those classes. They provide POSIX like interface to their structure,
+but don't expose that structure directly to the common VFS layer.
+
+Each VFS object has a directory tree associated with it. The tree
+consists of entries for files and directories. In some VFS classes, the
+entries have names and a are associated with nameless inodes, which
+contain information such as size, timestamps and other data normally
+contained in POSIX "struct stat".
+
+File vfs.c serves as a multiplexor. It exports functions similar to
+POSIX but with "mc_" prepended to them. For example, mc_open() will act
+like open(), but will treat VFS names in a special way.
+
+Common utility functions not intended to be used outside the VFS code
+should go to utilvfs.c and possibly to other files. Presently, there is
+a lot of such code in vfs.c.
+
+
+Hierarchy of classes
+====================
+
+vfs ---- direntry ---- cpio } archives
+ | | ---- tar }
+ | |
+ | | ---- fish } remote systems
+ | | ---- ftpfs }
+ |
+ |---- extfs ---- extfs archives
+ |---- localfs ---- sfs ---- sfs archives
+ |---- undelfs
+
+
+Properties of classes
+=====================
+
+ read only inode->entry local cache full tree
+ mapping loaded
+
+cpio yes* yes* no yes
+tar yes* yes* no yes
+fish no yes yes no
+ftpfs no yes yes no
+extfs no no yes yes
+localfs no no N/A N/A
+sfs no yes yes N/A
+undelfs no yes no yes
+
+
+"*" means that this property should change during further development.
+Mapping from inode to entry prevents implementing hard links. It is
+permissible for directories, which cannot be hardlinked. Not loading
+the full tree speeds up access to large archives and conserves memory.
+
+
+Stamping
+========
+
+Stamping is the VFS equivalent of garbage collection. It's purpose is
+to destroy unreferenced VFS objects, in other words close archives or
+connections once they are unused for some time. There is a tree of
+items representing VFS objects. The common layer doesn't know the
+structure of the pointers, but it knows the class that should handle the
+pointer. Every item has a timestamp. Once the timestamp becomes too
+old, the object is freed.
+
+There are ways to keep objects alive if they are used. Also, objects
+can have parent objects, which are freed together with there original
+object if they are otherwise unreferenced.