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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Chapter 22. Database Roles</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css" /><link rev="made" href="pgsql-docs@lists.postgresql.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><link rel="prev" href="client-authentication-problems.html" title="21.15. Authentication Problems" /><link rel="next" href="database-roles.html" title="22.1. Database Roles" /></head><body id="docContent" class="container-fluid col-10"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="5" align="center">Chapter 22. Database Roles</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="client-authentication-problems.html" title="21.15. Authentication Problems">Prev</a> </td><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="u" href="admin.html" title="Part III. Server Administration">Up</a></td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Server Administration</th><td width="10%" align="right"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 14.5 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="10%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="database-roles.html" title="22.1. Database Roles">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></hr></div><div class="chapter" id="USER-MANAG"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title">Chapter 22. Database Roles</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="database-roles.html">22.1. Database Roles</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="role-attributes.html">22.2. Role Attributes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="role-membership.html">22.3. Role Membership</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="role-removal.html">22.4. Dropping Roles</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="predefined-roles.html">22.5. Predefined Roles</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="perm-functions.html">22.6. Function Security</a></span></dt></dl></div><p>
<span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> manages database access permissions
using the concept of <em class="firstterm">roles</em>. A role can be thought of as
either a database user, or a group of database users, depending on how
the role is set up. Roles can own database objects (for example, tables
and functions) and can assign privileges on those objects to other roles to
control who has access to which objects. Furthermore, it is possible
to grant <em class="firstterm">membership</em> in a role to another role, thus
allowing the member role to use privileges assigned to another role.
</p><p>
The concept of roles subsumes the concepts of <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">users</span>”</span> and
<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">groups</span>”</span>. In <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> versions
before 8.1, users and groups were distinct kinds of entities, but now
there are only roles. Any role can act as a user, a group, or both.
</p><p>
This chapter describes how to create and manage roles.
More information about the effects of role privileges on various
database objects can be found in <a class="xref" href="ddl-priv.html" title="5.7. Privileges">Section 5.7</a>.
</p></div><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" class="navfooter"><hr></hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="client-authentication-problems.html" title="21.15. Authentication Problems">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="admin.html" title="Part III. Server Administration">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="database-roles.html" title="22.1. Database Roles">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">21.15. Authentication Problems </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 14.5 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> 22.1. Database Roles</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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