Adding upstream version 15.5.upstream/15.5

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 1001 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/bin/scripts/vacuumdb.c b/src/bin/scripts/vacuumdb.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c57634
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/scripts/vacuumdb.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1001 @@
+/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ *
+ * vacuumdb
+ *
+ * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
+ *
+ * src/bin/scripts/vacuumdb.c
+ *
+ *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+#include "postgres_fe.h"
+
+#include <limits.h>
+
+#include "catalog/pg_class_d.h"
+#include "common.h"
+#include "common/connect.h"
+#include "common/logging.h"
+#include "fe_utils/cancel.h"
+#include "fe_utils/option_utils.h"
+#include "fe_utils/parallel_slot.h"
+#include "fe_utils/query_utils.h"
+#include "fe_utils/simple_list.h"
+#include "fe_utils/string_utils.h"
+
+
+/* vacuum options controlled by user flags */
+typedef struct vacuumingOptions
+{
+	bool		analyze_only;
+	bool		verbose;
+	bool		and_analyze;
+	bool		full;
+	bool		freeze;
+	bool		disable_page_skipping;
+	bool		skip_locked;
+	int			min_xid_age;
+	int			min_mxid_age;
+	int			parallel_workers;	/* >= 0 indicates user specified the
+									 * parallel degree, otherwise -1 */
+	bool		no_index_cleanup;
+	bool		force_index_cleanup;
+	bool		do_truncate;
+	bool		process_toast;
+} vacuumingOptions;
+
+
+static void vacuum_one_database(ConnParams *cparams,
+								vacuumingOptions *vacopts,
+								int stage,
+								SimpleStringList *tables,
+								int concurrentCons,
+								const char *progname, bool echo, bool quiet);
+
+static void vacuum_all_databases(ConnParams *cparams,
+								 vacuumingOptions *vacopts,
+								 bool analyze_in_stages,
+								 int concurrentCons,
+								 const char *progname, bool echo, bool quiet);
+
+static void prepare_vacuum_command(PQExpBuffer sql, int serverVersion,
+								   vacuumingOptions *vacopts, const char *table);
+
+static void run_vacuum_command(PGconn *conn, const char *sql, bool echo,
+							   const char *table);
+
+static void help(const char *progname);
+
+/* For analyze-in-stages mode */
+#define ANALYZE_NO_STAGE	-1
+#define ANALYZE_NUM_STAGES	3
+
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	static struct option long_options[] = {
+		{"host", required_argument, NULL, 'h'},
+		{"port", required_argument, NULL, 'p'},
+		{"username", required_argument, NULL, 'U'},
+		{"no-password", no_argument, NULL, 'w'},
+		{"password", no_argument, NULL, 'W'},
+		{"echo", no_argument, NULL, 'e'},
+		{"quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'q'},
+		{"dbname", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
+		{"analyze", no_argument, NULL, 'z'},
+		{"analyze-only", no_argument, NULL, 'Z'},
+		{"freeze", no_argument, NULL, 'F'},
+		{"all", no_argument, NULL, 'a'},
+		{"table", required_argument, NULL, 't'},
+		{"full", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
+		{"verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
+		{"jobs", required_argument, NULL, 'j'},
+		{"parallel", required_argument, NULL, 'P'},
+		{"maintenance-db", required_argument, NULL, 2},
+		{"analyze-in-stages", no_argument, NULL, 3},
+		{"disable-page-skipping", no_argument, NULL, 4},
+		{"skip-locked", no_argument, NULL, 5},
+		{"min-xid-age", required_argument, NULL, 6},
+		{"min-mxid-age", required_argument, NULL, 7},
+		{"no-index-cleanup", no_argument, NULL, 8},
+		{"force-index-cleanup", no_argument, NULL, 9},
+		{"no-truncate", no_argument, NULL, 10},
+		{"no-process-toast", no_argument, NULL, 11},
+		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
+	};
+
+	const char *progname;
+	int			optindex;
+	int			c;
+	const char *dbname = NULL;
+	const char *maintenance_db = NULL;
+	char	   *host = NULL;
+	char	   *port = NULL;
+	char	   *username = NULL;
+	enum trivalue prompt_password = TRI_DEFAULT;
+	ConnParams	cparams;
+	bool		echo = false;
+	bool		quiet = false;
+	vacuumingOptions vacopts;
+	bool		analyze_in_stages = false;
+	bool		alldb = false;
+	SimpleStringList tables = {NULL, NULL};
+	int			concurrentCons = 1;
+	int			tbl_count = 0;
+
+	/* initialize options */
+	memset(&vacopts, 0, sizeof(vacopts));
+	vacopts.parallel_workers = -1;
+	vacopts.no_index_cleanup = false;
+	vacopts.force_index_cleanup = false;
+	vacopts.do_truncate = true;
+	vacopts.process_toast = true;
+
+	pg_logging_init(argv[0]);
+	progname = get_progname(argv[0]);
+	set_pglocale_pgservice(argv[0], PG_TEXTDOMAIN("pgscripts"));
+
+	handle_help_version_opts(argc, argv, "vacuumdb", help);
+
+	while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "h:p:U:wWeqd:zZFat:fvj:P:", long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
+	{
+		switch (c)
+		{
+			case 'h':
+				host = pg_strdup(optarg);
+				break;
+			case 'p':
+				port = pg_strdup(optarg);
+				break;
+			case 'U':
+				username = pg_strdup(optarg);
+				break;
+			case 'w':
+				prompt_password = TRI_NO;
+				break;
+			case 'W':
+				prompt_password = TRI_YES;
+				break;
+			case 'e':
+				echo = true;
+				break;
+			case 'q':
+				quiet = true;
+				break;
+			case 'd':
+				dbname = pg_strdup(optarg);
+				break;
+			case 'z':
+				vacopts.and_analyze = true;
+				break;
+			case 'Z':
+				vacopts.analyze_only = true;
+				break;
+			case 'F':
+				vacopts.freeze = true;
+				break;
+			case 'a':
+				alldb = true;
+				break;
+			case 't':
+				{
+					simple_string_list_append(&tables, optarg);
+					tbl_count++;
+					break;
+				}
+			case 'f':
+				vacopts.full = true;
+				break;
+			case 'v':
+				vacopts.verbose = true;
+				break;
+			case 'j':
+				if (!option_parse_int(optarg, "-j/--jobs", 1, INT_MAX,
+									  &concurrentCons))
+					exit(1);
+				break;
+			case 'P':
+				if (!option_parse_int(optarg, "-P/--parallel", 0, INT_MAX,
+									  &vacopts.parallel_workers))
+					exit(1);
+				break;
+			case 2:
+				maintenance_db = pg_strdup(optarg);
+				break;
+			case 3:
+				analyze_in_stages = vacopts.analyze_only = true;
+				break;
+			case 4:
+				vacopts.disable_page_skipping = true;
+				break;
+			case 5:
+				vacopts.skip_locked = true;
+				break;
+			case 6:
+				if (!option_parse_int(optarg, "--min-xid-age", 1, INT_MAX,
+									  &vacopts.min_xid_age))
+					exit(1);
+				break;
+			case 7:
+				if (!option_parse_int(optarg, "--min-mxid-age", 1, INT_MAX,
+									  &vacopts.min_mxid_age))
+					exit(1);
+				break;
+			case 8:
+				vacopts.no_index_cleanup = true;
+				break;
+			case 9:
+				vacopts.force_index_cleanup = true;
+				break;
+			case 10:
+				vacopts.do_truncate = false;
+				break;
+			case 11:
+				vacopts.process_toast = false;
+				break;
+			default:
+				/* getopt_long already emitted a complaint */
+				pg_log_error_hint("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.", progname);
+				exit(1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Non-option argument specifies database name as long as it wasn't
+	 * already specified with -d / --dbname
+	 */
+	if (optind < argc && dbname == NULL)
+	{
+		dbname = argv[optind];
+		optind++;
+	}
+
+	if (optind < argc)
+	{
+		pg_log_error("too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")",
+					 argv[optind]);
+		pg_log_error_hint("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.", progname);
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	if (vacopts.analyze_only)
+	{
+		if (vacopts.full)
+			pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option when performing only analyze",
+					 "full");
+		if (vacopts.freeze)
+			pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option when performing only analyze",
+					 "freeze");
+		if (vacopts.disable_page_skipping)
+			pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option when performing only analyze",
+					 "disable-page-skipping");
+		if (vacopts.no_index_cleanup)
+			pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option when performing only analyze",
+					 "no-index-cleanup");
+		if (vacopts.force_index_cleanup)
+			pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option when performing only analyze",
+					 "force-index-cleanup");
+		if (!vacopts.do_truncate)
+			pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option when performing only analyze",
+					 "no-truncate");
+		if (!vacopts.process_toast)
+			pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option when performing only analyze",
+					 "no-process-toast");
+		/* allow 'and_analyze' with 'analyze_only' */
+	}
+
+	/* Prohibit full and analyze_only options with parallel option */
+	if (vacopts.parallel_workers >= 0)
+	{
+		if (vacopts.analyze_only)
+			pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option when performing only analyze",
+					 "parallel");
+		if (vacopts.full)
+			pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option when performing full vacuum",
+					 "parallel");
+	}
+
+	/* Prohibit --no-index-cleanup and --force-index-cleanup together */
+	if (vacopts.no_index_cleanup && vacopts.force_index_cleanup)
+		pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option with the \"%s\" option",
+				 "no-index-cleanup", "force-index-cleanup");
+
+	/* fill cparams except for dbname, which is set below */
+	cparams.pghost = host;
+	cparams.pgport = port;
+	cparams.pguser = username;
+	cparams.prompt_password = prompt_password;
+	cparams.override_dbname = NULL;
+
+	setup_cancel_handler(NULL);
+
+	/* Avoid opening extra connections. */
+	if (tbl_count && (concurrentCons > tbl_count))
+		concurrentCons = tbl_count;
+
+	if (alldb)
+	{
+		if (dbname)
+			pg_fatal("cannot vacuum all databases and a specific one at the same time");
+		if (tables.head != NULL)
+			pg_fatal("cannot vacuum specific table(s) in all databases");
+
+		cparams.dbname = maintenance_db;
+
+		vacuum_all_databases(&cparams, &vacopts,
+							 analyze_in_stages,
+							 concurrentCons,
+							 progname, echo, quiet);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		if (dbname == NULL)
+		{
+			if (getenv("PGDATABASE"))
+				dbname = getenv("PGDATABASE");
+			else if (getenv("PGUSER"))
+				dbname = getenv("PGUSER");
+			else
+				dbname = get_user_name_or_exit(progname);
+		}
+
+		cparams.dbname = dbname;
+
+		if (analyze_in_stages)
+		{
+			int			stage;
+
+			for (stage = 0; stage < ANALYZE_NUM_STAGES; stage++)
+			{
+				vacuum_one_database(&cparams, &vacopts,
+									stage,
+									&tables,
+									concurrentCons,
+									progname, echo, quiet);
+			}
+		}
+		else
+			vacuum_one_database(&cparams, &vacopts,
+								ANALYZE_NO_STAGE,
+								&tables,
+								concurrentCons,
+								progname, echo, quiet);
+	}
+
+	exit(0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * vacuum_one_database
+ *
+ * Process tables in the given database.  If the 'tables' list is empty,
+ * process all tables in the database.
+ *
+ * Note that this function is only concerned with running exactly one stage
+ * when in analyze-in-stages mode; caller must iterate on us if necessary.
+ *
+ * If concurrentCons is > 1, multiple connections are used to vacuum tables
+ * in parallel.  In this case and if the table list is empty, we first obtain
+ * a list of tables from the database.
+ */
+static void
+vacuum_one_database(ConnParams *cparams,
+					vacuumingOptions *vacopts,
+					int stage,
+					SimpleStringList *tables,
+					int concurrentCons,
+					const char *progname, bool echo, bool quiet)
+{
+	PQExpBufferData sql;
+	PQExpBufferData buf;
+	PQExpBufferData catalog_query;
+	PGresult   *res;
+	PGconn	   *conn;
+	SimpleStringListCell *cell;
+	ParallelSlotArray *sa;
+	SimpleStringList dbtables = {NULL, NULL};
+	int			i;
+	int			ntups;
+	bool		failed = false;
+	bool		tables_listed = false;
+	bool		has_where = false;
+	const char *initcmd;
+	const char *stage_commands[] = {
+		"SET default_statistics_target=1; SET vacuum_cost_delay=0;",
+		"SET default_statistics_target=10; RESET vacuum_cost_delay;",
+		"RESET default_statistics_target;"
+	};
+	const char *stage_messages[] = {
+		gettext_noop("Generating minimal optimizer statistics (1 target)"),
+		gettext_noop("Generating medium optimizer statistics (10 targets)"),
+		gettext_noop("Generating default (full) optimizer statistics")
+	};
+
+	Assert(stage == ANALYZE_NO_STAGE ||
+		   (stage >= 0 && stage < ANALYZE_NUM_STAGES));
+
+	conn = connectDatabase(cparams, progname, echo, false, true);
+
+	if (vacopts->disable_page_skipping && PQserverVersion(conn) < 90600)
+	{
+		PQfinish(conn);
+		pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option on server versions older than PostgreSQL %s",
+				 "disable-page-skipping", "9.6");
+	}
+
+	if (vacopts->no_index_cleanup && PQserverVersion(conn) < 120000)
+	{
+		PQfinish(conn);
+		pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option on server versions older than PostgreSQL %s",
+				 "no-index-cleanup", "12");
+	}
+
+	if (vacopts->force_index_cleanup && PQserverVersion(conn) < 120000)
+	{
+		PQfinish(conn);
+		pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option on server versions older than PostgreSQL %s",
+				 "force-index-cleanup", "12");
+	}
+
+	if (!vacopts->do_truncate && PQserverVersion(conn) < 120000)
+	{
+		PQfinish(conn);
+		pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option on server versions older than PostgreSQL %s",
+				 "no-truncate", "12");
+	}
+
+	if (!vacopts->process_toast && PQserverVersion(conn) < 140000)
+	{
+		PQfinish(conn);
+		pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option on server versions older than PostgreSQL %s",
+				 "no-process-toast", "14");
+	}
+
+	if (vacopts->skip_locked && PQserverVersion(conn) < 120000)
+	{
+		PQfinish(conn);
+		pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option on server versions older than PostgreSQL %s",
+				 "skip-locked", "12");
+	}
+
+	if (vacopts->min_xid_age != 0 && PQserverVersion(conn) < 90600)
+		pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option on server versions older than PostgreSQL %s",
+				 "--min-xid-age", "9.6");
+
+	if (vacopts->min_mxid_age != 0 && PQserverVersion(conn) < 90600)
+		pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option on server versions older than PostgreSQL %s",
+				 "--min-mxid-age", "9.6");
+
+	if (vacopts->parallel_workers >= 0 && PQserverVersion(conn) < 130000)
+		pg_fatal("cannot use the \"%s\" option on server versions older than PostgreSQL %s",
+				 "--parallel", "13");
+
+	if (!quiet)
+	{
+		if (stage != ANALYZE_NO_STAGE)
+			printf(_("%s: processing database \"%s\": %s\n"),
+				   progname, PQdb(conn), _(stage_messages[stage]));
+		else
+			printf(_("%s: vacuuming database \"%s\"\n"),
+				   progname, PQdb(conn));
+		fflush(stdout);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Prepare the list of tables to process by querying the catalogs.
+	 *
+	 * Since we execute the constructed query with the default search_path
+	 * (which could be unsafe), everything in this query MUST be fully
+	 * qualified.
+	 *
+	 * First, build a WITH clause for the catalog query if any tables were
+	 * specified, with a set of values made of relation names and their
+	 * optional set of columns.  This is used to match any provided column
+	 * lists with the generated qualified identifiers and to filter for the
+	 * tables provided via --table.  If a listed table does not exist, the
+	 * catalog query will fail.
+	 */
+	initPQExpBuffer(&catalog_query);
+	for (cell = tables ? tables->head : NULL; cell; cell = cell->next)
+	{
+		char	   *just_table;
+		const char *just_columns;
+
+		/*
+		 * Split relation and column names given by the user, this is used to
+		 * feed the CTE with values on which are performed pre-run validity
+		 * checks as well.  For now these happen only on the relation name.
+		 */
+		splitTableColumnsSpec(cell->val, PQclientEncoding(conn),
+							  &just_table, &just_columns);
+
+		if (!tables_listed)
+		{
+			appendPQExpBufferStr(&catalog_query,
+								 "WITH listed_tables (table_oid, column_list) "
+								 "AS (\n  VALUES (");
+			tables_listed = true;
+		}
+		else
+			appendPQExpBufferStr(&catalog_query, ",\n  (");
+
+		appendStringLiteralConn(&catalog_query, just_table, conn);
+		appendPQExpBufferStr(&catalog_query, "::pg_catalog.regclass, ");
+
+		if (just_columns && just_columns[0] != '\0')
+			appendStringLiteralConn(&catalog_query, just_columns, conn);
+		else
+			appendPQExpBufferStr(&catalog_query, "NULL");
+
+		appendPQExpBufferStr(&catalog_query, "::pg_catalog.text)");
+
+		pg_free(just_table);
+	}
+
+	/* Finish formatting the CTE */
+	if (tables_listed)
+		appendPQExpBufferStr(&catalog_query, "\n)\n");
+
+	appendPQExpBufferStr(&catalog_query, "SELECT c.relname, ns.nspname");
+
+	if (tables_listed)
+		appendPQExpBufferStr(&catalog_query, ", listed_tables.column_list");
+
+	appendPQExpBufferStr(&catalog_query,
+						 " FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c\n"
+						 " JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace ns"
+						 " ON c.relnamespace OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) ns.oid\n"
+						 " LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class t"
+						 " ON c.reltoastrelid OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) t.oid\n");
+
+	/* Used to match the tables listed by the user */
+	if (tables_listed)
+		appendPQExpBufferStr(&catalog_query, " JOIN listed_tables"
+							 " ON listed_tables.table_oid OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) c.oid\n");
+
+	/*
+	 * If no tables were listed, filter for the relevant relation types.  If
+	 * tables were given via --table, don't bother filtering by relation type.
+	 * Instead, let the server decide whether a given relation can be
+	 * processed in which case the user will know about it.
+	 */
+	if (!tables_listed)
+	{
+		appendPQExpBufferStr(&catalog_query, " WHERE c.relkind OPERATOR(pg_catalog.=) ANY (array["
+							 CppAsString2(RELKIND_RELATION) ", "
+							 CppAsString2(RELKIND_MATVIEW) "])\n");
+		has_where = true;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * For --min-xid-age and --min-mxid-age, the age of the relation is the
+	 * greatest of the ages of the main relation and its associated TOAST
+	 * table.  The commands generated by vacuumdb will also process the TOAST
+	 * table for the relation if necessary, so it does not need to be
+	 * considered separately.
+	 */
+	if (vacopts->min_xid_age != 0)
+	{
+		appendPQExpBuffer(&catalog_query,
+						  " %s GREATEST(pg_catalog.age(c.relfrozenxid),"
+						  " pg_catalog.age(t.relfrozenxid)) "
+						  " OPERATOR(pg_catalog.>=) '%d'::pg_catalog.int4\n"
+						  " AND c.relfrozenxid OPERATOR(pg_catalog.!=)"
+						  " '0'::pg_catalog.xid\n",
+						  has_where ? "AND" : "WHERE", vacopts->min_xid_age);
+		has_where = true;
+	}
+
+	if (vacopts->min_mxid_age != 0)
+	{
+		appendPQExpBuffer(&catalog_query,
+						  " %s GREATEST(pg_catalog.mxid_age(c.relminmxid),"
+						  " pg_catalog.mxid_age(t.relminmxid)) OPERATOR(pg_catalog.>=)"
+						  " '%d'::pg_catalog.int4\n"
+						  " AND c.relminmxid OPERATOR(pg_catalog.!=)"
+						  " '0'::pg_catalog.xid\n",
+						  has_where ? "AND" : "WHERE", vacopts->min_mxid_age);
+		has_where = true;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Execute the catalog query.  We use the default search_path for this
+	 * query for consistency with table lookups done elsewhere by the user.
+	 */
+	appendPQExpBufferStr(&catalog_query, " ORDER BY c.relpages DESC;");
+	executeCommand(conn, "RESET search_path;", echo);
+	res = executeQuery(conn, catalog_query.data, echo);
+	termPQExpBuffer(&catalog_query);
+	PQclear(executeQuery(conn, ALWAYS_SECURE_SEARCH_PATH_SQL, echo));
+
+	/*
+	 * If no rows are returned, there are no matching tables, so we are done.
+	 */
+	ntups = PQntuples(res);
+	if (ntups == 0)
+	{
+		PQclear(res);
+		PQfinish(conn);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Build qualified identifiers for each table, including the column list
+	 * if given.
+	 */
+	initPQExpBuffer(&buf);
+	for (i = 0; i < ntups; i++)
+	{
+		appendPQExpBufferStr(&buf,
+							 fmtQualifiedId(PQgetvalue(res, i, 1),
+											PQgetvalue(res, i, 0)));
+
+		if (tables_listed && !PQgetisnull(res, i, 2))
+			appendPQExpBufferStr(&buf, PQgetvalue(res, i, 2));
+
+		simple_string_list_append(&dbtables, buf.data);
+		resetPQExpBuffer(&buf);
+	}
+	termPQExpBuffer(&buf);
+	PQclear(res);
+
+	/*
+	 * Ensure concurrentCons is sane.  If there are more connections than
+	 * vacuumable relations, we don't need to use them all.
+	 */
+	if (concurrentCons > ntups)
+		concurrentCons = ntups;
+	if (concurrentCons <= 0)
+		concurrentCons = 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * All slots need to be prepared to run the appropriate analyze stage, if
+	 * caller requested that mode.  We have to prepare the initial connection
+	 * ourselves before setting up the slots.
+	 */
+	if (stage == ANALYZE_NO_STAGE)
+		initcmd = NULL;
+	else
+	{
+		initcmd = stage_commands[stage];
+		executeCommand(conn, initcmd, echo);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Setup the database connections. We reuse the connection we already have
+	 * for the first slot.  If not in parallel mode, the first slot in the
+	 * array contains the connection.
+	 */
+	sa = ParallelSlotsSetup(concurrentCons, cparams, progname, echo, initcmd);
+	ParallelSlotsAdoptConn(sa, conn);
+
+	initPQExpBuffer(&sql);
+
+	cell = dbtables.head;
+	do
+	{
+		const char *tabname = cell->val;
+		ParallelSlot *free_slot;
+
+		if (CancelRequested)
+		{
+			failed = true;
+			goto finish;
+		}
+
+		free_slot = ParallelSlotsGetIdle(sa, NULL);
+		if (!free_slot)
+		{
+			failed = true;
+			goto finish;
+		}
+
+		prepare_vacuum_command(&sql, PQserverVersion(free_slot->connection),
+							   vacopts, tabname);
+
+		/*
+		 * Execute the vacuum.  All errors are handled in processQueryResult
+		 * through ParallelSlotsGetIdle.
+		 */
+		ParallelSlotSetHandler(free_slot, TableCommandResultHandler, NULL);
+		run_vacuum_command(free_slot->connection, sql.data,
+						   echo, tabname);
+
+		cell = cell->next;
+	} while (cell != NULL);
+
+	if (!ParallelSlotsWaitCompletion(sa))
+		failed = true;
+
+finish:
+	ParallelSlotsTerminate(sa);
+	pg_free(sa);
+
+	termPQExpBuffer(&sql);
+
+	if (failed)
+		exit(1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Vacuum/analyze all connectable databases.
+ *
+ * In analyze-in-stages mode, we process all databases in one stage before
+ * moving on to the next stage.  That ensure minimal stats are available
+ * quickly everywhere before generating more detailed ones.
+ */
+static void
+vacuum_all_databases(ConnParams *cparams,
+					 vacuumingOptions *vacopts,
+					 bool analyze_in_stages,
+					 int concurrentCons,
+					 const char *progname, bool echo, bool quiet)
+{
+	PGconn	   *conn;
+	PGresult   *result;
+	int			stage;
+	int			i;
+
+	conn = connectMaintenanceDatabase(cparams, progname, echo);
+	result = executeQuery(conn,
+						  "SELECT datname FROM pg_database WHERE datallowconn AND datconnlimit <> -2 ORDER BY 1;",
+						  echo);
+	PQfinish(conn);
+
+	if (analyze_in_stages)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * When analyzing all databases in stages, we analyze them all in the
+		 * fastest stage first, so that initial statistics become available
+		 * for all of them as soon as possible.
+		 *
+		 * This means we establish several times as many connections, but
+		 * that's a secondary consideration.
+		 */
+		for (stage = 0; stage < ANALYZE_NUM_STAGES; stage++)
+		{
+			for (i = 0; i < PQntuples(result); i++)
+			{
+				cparams->override_dbname = PQgetvalue(result, i, 0);
+
+				vacuum_one_database(cparams, vacopts,
+									stage,
+									NULL,
+									concurrentCons,
+									progname, echo, quiet);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		for (i = 0; i < PQntuples(result); i++)
+		{
+			cparams->override_dbname = PQgetvalue(result, i, 0);
+
+			vacuum_one_database(cparams, vacopts,
+								ANALYZE_NO_STAGE,
+								NULL,
+								concurrentCons,
+								progname, echo, quiet);
+		}
+	}
+
+	PQclear(result);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Construct a vacuum/analyze command to run based on the given options, in the
+ * given string buffer, which may contain previous garbage.
+ *
+ * The table name used must be already properly quoted.  The command generated
+ * depends on the server version involved and it is semicolon-terminated.
+ */
+static void
+prepare_vacuum_command(PQExpBuffer sql, int serverVersion,
+					   vacuumingOptions *vacopts, const char *table)
+{
+	const char *paren = " (";
+	const char *comma = ", ";
+	const char *sep = paren;
+
+	resetPQExpBuffer(sql);
+
+	if (vacopts->analyze_only)
+	{
+		appendPQExpBufferStr(sql, "ANALYZE");
+
+		/* parenthesized grammar of ANALYZE is supported since v11 */
+		if (serverVersion >= 110000)
+		{
+			if (vacopts->skip_locked)
+			{
+				/* SKIP_LOCKED is supported since v12 */
+				Assert(serverVersion >= 120000);
+				appendPQExpBuffer(sql, "%sSKIP_LOCKED", sep);
+				sep = comma;
+			}
+			if (vacopts->verbose)
+			{
+				appendPQExpBuffer(sql, "%sVERBOSE", sep);
+				sep = comma;
+			}
+			if (sep != paren)
+				appendPQExpBufferChar(sql, ')');
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			if (vacopts->verbose)
+				appendPQExpBufferStr(sql, " VERBOSE");
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		appendPQExpBufferStr(sql, "VACUUM");
+
+		/* parenthesized grammar of VACUUM is supported since v9.0 */
+		if (serverVersion >= 90000)
+		{
+			if (vacopts->disable_page_skipping)
+			{
+				/* DISABLE_PAGE_SKIPPING is supported since v9.6 */
+				Assert(serverVersion >= 90600);
+				appendPQExpBuffer(sql, "%sDISABLE_PAGE_SKIPPING", sep);
+				sep = comma;
+			}
+			if (vacopts->no_index_cleanup)
+			{
+				/* "INDEX_CLEANUP FALSE" has been supported since v12 */
+				Assert(serverVersion >= 120000);
+				Assert(!vacopts->force_index_cleanup);
+				appendPQExpBuffer(sql, "%sINDEX_CLEANUP FALSE", sep);
+				sep = comma;
+			}
+			if (vacopts->force_index_cleanup)
+			{
+				/* "INDEX_CLEANUP TRUE" has been supported since v12 */
+				Assert(serverVersion >= 120000);
+				Assert(!vacopts->no_index_cleanup);
+				appendPQExpBuffer(sql, "%sINDEX_CLEANUP TRUE", sep);
+				sep = comma;
+			}
+			if (!vacopts->do_truncate)
+			{
+				/* TRUNCATE is supported since v12 */
+				Assert(serverVersion >= 120000);
+				appendPQExpBuffer(sql, "%sTRUNCATE FALSE", sep);
+				sep = comma;
+			}
+			if (!vacopts->process_toast)
+			{
+				/* PROCESS_TOAST is supported since v14 */
+				Assert(serverVersion >= 140000);
+				appendPQExpBuffer(sql, "%sPROCESS_TOAST FALSE", sep);
+				sep = comma;
+			}
+			if (vacopts->skip_locked)
+			{
+				/* SKIP_LOCKED is supported since v12 */
+				Assert(serverVersion >= 120000);
+				appendPQExpBuffer(sql, "%sSKIP_LOCKED", sep);
+				sep = comma;
+			}
+			if (vacopts->full)
+			{
+				appendPQExpBuffer(sql, "%sFULL", sep);
+				sep = comma;
+			}
+			if (vacopts->freeze)
+			{
+				appendPQExpBuffer(sql, "%sFREEZE", sep);
+				sep = comma;
+			}
+			if (vacopts->verbose)
+			{
+				appendPQExpBuffer(sql, "%sVERBOSE", sep);
+				sep = comma;
+			}
+			if (vacopts->and_analyze)
+			{
+				appendPQExpBuffer(sql, "%sANALYZE", sep);
+				sep = comma;
+			}
+			if (vacopts->parallel_workers >= 0)
+			{
+				/* PARALLEL is supported since v13 */
+				Assert(serverVersion >= 130000);
+				appendPQExpBuffer(sql, "%sPARALLEL %d", sep,
+								  vacopts->parallel_workers);
+				sep = comma;
+			}
+			if (sep != paren)
+				appendPQExpBufferChar(sql, ')');
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			if (vacopts->full)
+				appendPQExpBufferStr(sql, " FULL");
+			if (vacopts->freeze)
+				appendPQExpBufferStr(sql, " FREEZE");
+			if (vacopts->verbose)
+				appendPQExpBufferStr(sql, " VERBOSE");
+			if (vacopts->and_analyze)
+				appendPQExpBufferStr(sql, " ANALYZE");
+		}
+	}
+
+	appendPQExpBuffer(sql, " %s;", table);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Send a vacuum/analyze command to the server, returning after sending the
+ * command.
+ *
+ * Any errors during command execution are reported to stderr.
+ */
+static void
+run_vacuum_command(PGconn *conn, const char *sql, bool echo,
+				   const char *table)
+{
+	bool		status;
+
+	if (echo)
+		printf("%s\n", sql);
+
+	status = PQsendQuery(conn, sql) == 1;
+
+	if (!status)
+	{
+		if (table)
+			pg_log_error("vacuuming of table \"%s\" in database \"%s\" failed: %s",
+						 table, PQdb(conn), PQerrorMessage(conn));
+		else
+			pg_log_error("vacuuming of database \"%s\" failed: %s",
+						 PQdb(conn), PQerrorMessage(conn));
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+help(const char *progname)
+{
+	printf(_("%s cleans and analyzes a PostgreSQL database.\n\n"), progname);
+	printf(_("Usage:\n"));
+	printf(_("  %s [OPTION]... [DBNAME]\n"), progname);
+	printf(_("\nOptions:\n"));
+	printf(_("  -a, --all                       vacuum all databases\n"));
+	printf(_("  -d, --dbname=DBNAME             database to vacuum\n"));
+	printf(_("      --disable-page-skipping     disable all page-skipping behavior\n"));
+	printf(_("  -e, --echo                      show the commands being sent to the server\n"));
+	printf(_("  -f, --full                      do full vacuuming\n"));
+	printf(_("  -F, --freeze                    freeze row transaction information\n"));
+	printf(_("      --force-index-cleanup       always remove index entries that point to dead tuples\n"));
+	printf(_("  -j, --jobs=NUM                  use this many concurrent connections to vacuum\n"));
+	printf(_("      --min-mxid-age=MXID_AGE     minimum multixact ID age of tables to vacuum\n"));
+	printf(_("      --min-xid-age=XID_AGE       minimum transaction ID age of tables to vacuum\n"));
+	printf(_("      --no-index-cleanup          don't remove index entries that point to dead tuples\n"));
+	printf(_("      --no-process-toast          skip the TOAST table associated with the table to vacuum\n"));
+	printf(_("      --no-truncate               don't truncate empty pages at the end of the table\n"));
+	printf(_("  -P, --parallel=PARALLEL_WORKERS use this many background workers for vacuum, if available\n"));
+	printf(_("  -q, --quiet                     don't write any messages\n"));
+	printf(_("      --skip-locked               skip relations that cannot be immediately locked\n"));
+	printf(_("  -t, --table='TABLE[(COLUMNS)]'  vacuum specific table(s) only\n"));
+	printf(_("  -v, --verbose                   write a lot of output\n"));
+	printf(_("  -V, --version                   output version information, then exit\n"));
+	printf(_("  -z, --analyze                   update optimizer statistics\n"));
+	printf(_("  -Z, --analyze-only              only update optimizer statistics; no vacuum\n"));
+	printf(_("      --analyze-in-stages         only update optimizer statistics, in multiple\n"
+			 "                                  stages for faster results; no vacuum\n"));
+	printf(_("  -?, --help                      show this help, then exit\n"));
+	printf(_("\nConnection options:\n"));
+	printf(_("  -h, --host=HOSTNAME       database server host or socket directory\n"));
+	printf(_("  -p, --port=PORT           database server port\n"));
+	printf(_("  -U, --username=USERNAME   user name to connect as\n"));
+	printf(_("  -w, --no-password         never prompt for password\n"));
+	printf(_("  -W, --password            force password prompt\n"));
+	printf(_("  --maintenance-db=DBNAME   alternate maintenance database\n"));
+	printf(_("\nRead the description of the SQL command VACUUM for details.\n"));
+	printf(_("\nReport bugs to <%s>.\n"), PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);
+	printf(_("%s home page: <%s>\n"), PACKAGE_NAME, PACKAGE_URL);
+}