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diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgamcheck.html b/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgamcheck.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8096ada --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgamcheck.html @@ -0,0 +1,295 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>pg_amcheck</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css" /><link rev="made" href="pgsql-docs@lists.postgresql.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><link rel="prev" href="app-ecpg.html" title="ecpg" /><link rel="next" href="app-pgbasebackup.html" title="pg_basebackup" /></head><body id="docContent" class="container-fluid col-10"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="5" align="center"><span class="application">pg_amcheck</span></th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="app-ecpg.html" title="ecpg">Prev</a> </td><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="u" href="reference-client.html" title="PostgreSQL Client Applications">Up</a></td><th width="60%" align="center">PostgreSQL Client Applications</th><td width="10%" align="right"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 15.5 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="10%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="app-pgbasebackup.html" title="pg_basebackup">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="refentry" id="APP-PGAMCHECK"><div class="titlepage"></div><a id="id-1.9.4.9.1" class="indexterm"></a><div class="refnamediv"><h2><span class="refentrytitle"><span class="application">pg_amcheck</span></span></h2><p>pg_amcheck — checks for corruption in one or more + <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> databases</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p id="id-1.9.4.9.4.1"><code class="command">pg_amcheck</code> [<em class="replaceable"><code>option</code></em>...] [<em class="replaceable"><code>dbname</code></em>]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.4.9.5"><h2>Description</h2><p> + <span class="application">pg_amcheck</span> supports running + <a class="xref" href="amcheck.html" title="F.2. amcheck">amcheck</a>'s corruption checking functions against one or + more databases, with options to select which schemas, tables and indexes to + check, which kinds of checking to perform, and whether to perform the checks + in parallel, and if so, the number of parallel connections to establish and + use. + </p><p> + Only ordinary and toast table relations, materialized views, sequences, and + btree indexes are currently supported. Other relation types are silently + skipped. + </p><p> + If <code class="literal">dbname</code> is specified, it should be the name of a + single database to check, and no other database selection options should + be present. Otherwise, if any database selection options are present, + all matching databases will be checked. If no such options are present, + the default database will be checked. Database selection options include + <code class="option">--all</code>, <code class="option">--database</code> and + <code class="option">--exclude-database</code>. They also include + <code class="option">--relation</code>, <code class="option">--exclude-relation</code>, + <code class="option">--table</code>, <code class="option">--exclude-table</code>, + <code class="option">--index</code>, and <code class="option">--exclude-index</code>, + but only when such options are used with a three-part pattern + (e.g. <code class="option">mydb*.myschema*.myrel*</code>). Finally, they include + <code class="option">--schema</code> and <code class="option">--exclude-schema</code> + when such options are used with a two-part pattern + (e.g. <code class="option">mydb*.myschema*</code>). + </p><p> + <em class="replaceable"><code>dbname</code></em> can also be a + <a class="link" href="libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNSTRING" title="34.1.1. Connection Strings">connection string</a>. + </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.4.9.6"><h2>Options</h2><p> + The following command-line options control what is checked: + + </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-a</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--all</code></span></dt><dd><p> + Check all databases, except for any excluded via + <code class="option">--exclude-database</code>. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--database=<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Check databases matching the specified + <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-PATTERNS" title="Patterns"><em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></a>, + except for any excluded by <code class="option">--exclude-database</code>. + This option can be specified more than once. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-D <em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--exclude-database=<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Exclude databases matching the given + <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-PATTERNS" title="Patterns"><em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></a>. + This option can be specified more than once. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--index=<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Check indexes matching the specified + <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-PATTERNS" title="Patterns"><em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></a>, + unless they are otherwise excluded. + This option can be specified more than once. + </p><p> + This is similar to the <code class="option">--relation</code> option, except that + it applies only to indexes, not to other relation types. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-I <em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--exclude-index=<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Exclude indexes matching the specified + <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-PATTERNS" title="Patterns"><em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></a>. + This option can be specified more than once. + </p><p> + This is similar to the <code class="option">--exclude-relation</code> option, + except that it applies only to indexes, not other relation types. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--relation=<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Check relations matching the specified + <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-PATTERNS" title="Patterns"><em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></a>, + unless they are otherwise excluded. + This option can be specified more than once. + </p><p> + Patterns may be unqualified, e.g. <code class="literal">myrel*</code>, or they + may be schema-qualified, e.g. <code class="literal">myschema*.myrel*</code> or + database-qualified and schema-qualified, e.g. + <code class="literal">mydb*.myschema*.myrel*</code>. A database-qualified + pattern will add matching databases to the list of databases to be + checked. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-R <em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--exclude-relation=<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Exclude relations matching the specified + <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-PATTERNS" title="Patterns"><em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></a>. + This option can be specified more than once. + </p><p> + As with <code class="option">--relation</code>, the + <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-PATTERNS" title="Patterns"><em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></a> may be unqualified, schema-qualified, + or database- and schema-qualified. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--schema=<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Check tables and indexes in schemas matching the specified + <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-PATTERNS" title="Patterns"><em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></a>, unless they are otherwise excluded. + This option can be specified more than once. + </p><p> + To select only tables in schemas matching a particular pattern, + consider using something like + <code class="literal">--table=SCHEMAPAT.* --no-dependent-indexes</code>. + To select only indexes, consider using something like + <code class="literal">--index=SCHEMAPAT.*</code>. + </p><p> + A schema pattern may be database-qualified. For example, you may + write <code class="literal">--schema=mydb*.myschema*</code> to select + schemas matching <code class="literal">myschema*</code> in databases matching + <code class="literal">mydb*</code>. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-S <em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--exclude-schema=<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Exclude tables and indexes in schemas matching the specified + <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-PATTERNS" title="Patterns"><em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></a>. + This option can be specified more than once. + </p><p> + As with <code class="option">--schema</code>, the pattern may be + database-qualified. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--table=<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Check tables matching the specified + <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-PATTERNS" title="Patterns"><em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></a>, + unless they are otherwise excluded. + This option can be specified more than once. + </p><p> + This is similar to the <code class="option">--relation</code> option, except that + it applies only to tables, materialized views, and sequences, not to + indexes. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-T <em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--exclude-table=<em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Exclude tables matching the specified + <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-PATTERNS" title="Patterns"><em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em></a>. + This option can be specified more than once. + </p><p> + This is similar to the <code class="option">--exclude-relation</code> option, + except that it applies only to tables, materialized views, and + sequences, not to indexes. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-dependent-indexes</code></span></dt><dd><p> + By default, if a table is checked, any btree indexes of that table + will also be checked, even if they are not explicitly selected by + an option such as <code class="literal">--index</code> or + <code class="literal">--relation</code>. This option suppresses that behavior. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-dependent-toast</code></span></dt><dd><p> + By default, if a table is checked, its toast table, if any, will also + be checked, even if it is not explicitly selected by an option + such as <code class="literal">--table</code> or <code class="literal">--relation</code>. + This option suppresses that behavior. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-strict-names</code></span></dt><dd><p> + By default, if an argument to <code class="literal">--database</code>, + <code class="literal">--table</code>, <code class="literal">--index</code>, + or <code class="literal">--relation</code> matches no objects, it is a fatal + error. This option downgrades that error to a warning. + </p></dd></dl></div><p> + </p><p> + The following command-line options control checking of tables: + + </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--exclude-toast-pointers</code></span></dt><dd><p> + By default, whenever a toast pointer is encountered in a table, + a lookup is performed to ensure that it references apparently-valid + entries in the toast table. These checks can be quite slow, and this + option can be used to skip them. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--on-error-stop</code></span></dt><dd><p> + After reporting all corruptions on the first page of a table where + corruption is found, stop processing that table relation and move on + to the next table or index. + </p><p> + Note that index checking always stops after the first corrupt page. + This option only has meaning relative to table relations. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--skip=<em class="replaceable"><code>option</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + If <code class="literal">all-frozen</code> is given, table corruption checks + will skip over pages in all tables that are marked as all frozen. + </p><p> + If <code class="literal">all-visible</code> is given, table corruption checks + will skip over pages in all tables that are marked as all visible. + </p><p> + By default, no pages are skipped. This can be specified as + <code class="literal">none</code>, but since this is the default, it need not be + mentioned. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--startblock=<em class="replaceable"><code>block</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Start checking at the specified block number. An error will occur if + the table relation being checked has fewer than this number of blocks. + This option does not apply to indexes, and is probably only useful + when checking a single table relation. See <code class="literal">--endblock</code> + for further caveats. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--endblock=<em class="replaceable"><code>block</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + End checking at the specified block number. An error will occur if the + table relation being checked has fewer than this number of blocks. + This option does not apply to indexes, and is probably only useful when + checking a single table relation. If both a regular table and a toast + table are checked, this option will apply to both, but higher-numbered + toast blocks may still be accessed while validating toast pointers, + unless that is suppressed using + <code class="option">--exclude-toast-pointers</code>. + </p></dd></dl></div><p> + </p><p> + The following command-line options control checking of B-tree indexes: + + </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--heapallindexed</code></span></dt><dd><p> + For each index checked, verify the presence of all heap tuples as index + tuples in the index using <a class="xref" href="amcheck.html" title="F.2. amcheck">amcheck</a>'s + <code class="option">heapallindexed</code> option. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--parent-check</code></span></dt><dd><p> + For each btree index checked, use <a class="xref" href="amcheck.html" title="F.2. amcheck">amcheck</a>'s + <code class="function">bt_index_parent_check</code> function, which performs + additional checks of parent/child relationships during index checking. + </p><p> + The default is to use <span class="application">amcheck</span>'s + <code class="function">bt_index_check</code> function, but note that use of the + <code class="option">--rootdescend</code> option implicitly selects + <code class="function">bt_index_parent_check</code>. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--rootdescend</code></span></dt><dd><p> + For each index checked, re-find tuples on the leaf level by performing a + new search from the root page for each tuple using + <a class="xref" href="amcheck.html" title="F.2. amcheck">amcheck</a>'s <code class="option">rootdescend</code> option. + </p><p> + Use of this option implicitly also selects the + <code class="option">--parent-check</code> option. + </p><p> + This form of verification was originally written to help in the + development of btree index features. It may be of limited use or even + of no use in helping detect the kinds of corruption that occur in + practice. It may also cause corruption checking to take considerably + longer and consume considerably more resources on the server. + </p></dd></dl></div><p> + </p><div class="warning"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p> + The extra checks performed against B-tree indexes when the + <code class="option">--parent-check</code> option or the + <code class="option">--rootdescend</code> option is specified require + relatively strong relation-level locks. These checks are the only + checks that will block concurrent data modification from + <code class="command">INSERT</code>, <code class="command">UPDATE</code>, and + <code class="command">DELETE</code> commands. + </p></div><p> + The following command-line options control the connection to the server: + + </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-h <em class="replaceable"><code>hostname</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--host=<em class="replaceable"><code>hostname</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Specifies the host name of the machine on which the server is running. + If the value begins with a slash, it is used as the directory for the + Unix domain socket. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--port=<em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Specifies the TCP port or local Unix domain socket file extension on + which the server is listening for connections. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-U</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--username=<em class="replaceable"><code>username</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + User name to connect as. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-w</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--no-password</code></span></dt><dd><p> + Never issue a password prompt. If the server requires password + authentication and a password is not available by other means such as + a <code class="filename">.pgpass</code> file, the connection attempt will fail. + This option can be useful in batch jobs and scripts where no user is + present to enter a password. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-W</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--password</code></span></dt><dd><p> + Force <span class="application">pg_amcheck</span> to prompt for a password + before connecting to a database. + </p><p> + This option is never essential, since + <span class="application">pg_amcheck</span> will automatically prompt for a + password if the server demands password authentication. However, + <span class="application">pg_amcheck</span> will waste a connection attempt + finding out that the server wants a password. In some cases it is + worth typing <code class="option">-W</code> to avoid the extra connection attempt. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--maintenance-db=<em class="replaceable"><code>dbname</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Specifies a database or + <a class="link" href="libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNSTRING" title="34.1.1. Connection Strings">connection string</a> to be + used to discover the list of databases to be checked. If neither + <code class="option">--all</code> nor any option including a database pattern is + used, no such connection is required and this option does nothing. + Otherwise, any connection string parameters other than + the database name which are included in the value for this option + will also be used when connecting to the databases + being checked. If this option is omitted, the default is + <code class="literal">postgres</code> or, if that fails, + <code class="literal">template1</code>. + </p></dd></dl></div><p> + </p><p> + Other options are also available: + + </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-e</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--echo</code></span></dt><dd><p> + Echo to stdout all SQL sent to the server. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-j <em class="replaceable"><code>num</code></em></code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--jobs=<em class="replaceable"><code>num</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Use <em class="replaceable"><code>num</code></em> concurrent connections to the server, + or one per object to be checked, whichever is less. + </p><p> + The default is to use a single connection. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-P</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--progress</code></span></dt><dd><p> + Show progress information. Progress information includes the number + of relations for which checking has been completed, and the total + size of those relations. It also includes the total number of relations + that will eventually be checked, and the estimated size of those + relations. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-v</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--verbose</code></span></dt><dd><p> + Print more messages. In particular, this will print a message for + each relation being checked, and will increase the level of detail + shown for server errors. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-V</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--version</code></span></dt><dd><p> + Print the <span class="application">pg_amcheck</span> version and exit. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--install-missing</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--install-missing=<em class="replaceable"><code>schema</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> + Install any missing extensions that are required to check the + database(s). If not yet installed, each extension's objects will be + installed into the given + <em class="replaceable"><code>schema</code></em>, or if not specified + into schema <code class="literal">pg_catalog</code>. + </p><p> + At present, the only required extension is <a class="xref" href="amcheck.html" title="F.2. amcheck">amcheck</a>. + </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-?</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--help</code></span></dt><dd><p> + Show help about <span class="application">pg_amcheck</span> command line + arguments, and exit. + </p></dd></dl></div><p> + </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.4.9.7"><h2>Notes</h2><p> + <span class="application">pg_amcheck</span> is designed to work with + <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> 14.0 and later. + </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.4.9.8"><h2>See Also</h2><span class="simplelist"><a class="xref" href="amcheck.html" title="F.2. amcheck">amcheck</a></span></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="app-ecpg.html" title="ecpg">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="reference-client.html" title="PostgreSQL Client Applications">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="app-pgbasebackup.html" title="pg_basebackup">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top"><span class="application">ecpg</span> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 15.5 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> <span class="application">pg_basebackup</span></td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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