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+/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ *
+ * buf_init.c
+ * buffer manager initialization routines
+ *
+ * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
+ *
+ *
+ * IDENTIFICATION
+ * src/backend/storage/buffer/buf_init.c
+ *
+ *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+#include "postgres.h"
+
+#include "storage/buf_internals.h"
+#include "storage/bufmgr.h"
+#include "storage/proc.h"
+
+BufferDescPadded *BufferDescriptors;
+char *BufferBlocks;
+ConditionVariableMinimallyPadded *BufferIOCVArray;
+WritebackContext BackendWritebackContext;
+CkptSortItem *CkptBufferIds;
+
+
+/*
+ * Data Structures:
+ * buffers live in a freelist and a lookup data structure.
+ *
+ *
+ * Buffer Lookup:
+ * Two important notes. First, the buffer has to be
+ * available for lookup BEFORE an IO begins. Otherwise
+ * a second process trying to read the buffer will
+ * allocate its own copy and the buffer pool will
+ * become inconsistent.
+ *
+ * Buffer Replacement:
+ * see freelist.c. A buffer cannot be replaced while in
+ * use either by data manager or during IO.
+ *
+ *
+ * Synchronization/Locking:
+ *
+ * IO_IN_PROGRESS -- this is a flag in the buffer descriptor.
+ * It must be set when an IO is initiated and cleared at
+ * the end of the IO. It is there to make sure that one
+ * process doesn't start to use a buffer while another is
+ * faulting it in. see WaitIO and related routines.
+ *
+ * refcount -- Counts the number of processes holding pins on a buffer.
+ * A buffer is pinned during IO and immediately after a BufferAlloc().
+ * Pins must be released before end of transaction. For efficiency the
+ * shared refcount isn't increased if an individual backend pins a buffer
+ * multiple times. Check the PrivateRefCount infrastructure in bufmgr.c.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * Initialize shared buffer pool
+ *
+ * This is called once during shared-memory initialization (either in the
+ * postmaster, or in a standalone backend).
+ */
+void
+InitBufferPool(void)
+{
+ bool foundBufs,
+ foundDescs,
+ foundIOCV,
+ foundBufCkpt;
+
+ /* Align descriptors to a cacheline boundary. */
+ BufferDescriptors = (BufferDescPadded *)
+ ShmemInitStruct("Buffer Descriptors",
+ NBuffers * sizeof(BufferDescPadded),
+ &foundDescs);
+
+ BufferBlocks = (char *)
+ ShmemInitStruct("Buffer Blocks",
+ NBuffers * (Size) BLCKSZ, &foundBufs);
+
+ /* Align condition variables to cacheline boundary. */
+ BufferIOCVArray = (ConditionVariableMinimallyPadded *)
+ ShmemInitStruct("Buffer IO Condition Variables",
+ NBuffers * sizeof(ConditionVariableMinimallyPadded),
+ &foundIOCV);
+
+ /*
+ * The array used to sort to-be-checkpointed buffer ids is located in
+ * shared memory, to avoid having to allocate significant amounts of
+ * memory at runtime. As that'd be in the middle of a checkpoint, or when
+ * the checkpointer is restarted, memory allocation failures would be
+ * painful.
+ */
+ CkptBufferIds = (CkptSortItem *)
+ ShmemInitStruct("Checkpoint BufferIds",
+ NBuffers * sizeof(CkptSortItem), &foundBufCkpt);
+
+ if (foundDescs || foundBufs || foundIOCV || foundBufCkpt)
+ {
+ /* should find all of these, or none of them */
+ Assert(foundDescs && foundBufs && foundIOCV && foundBufCkpt);
+ /* note: this path is only taken in EXEC_BACKEND case */
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ int i;
+
+ /*
+ * Initialize all the buffer headers.
+ */
+ for (i = 0; i < NBuffers; i++)
+ {
+ BufferDesc *buf = GetBufferDescriptor(i);
+
+ CLEAR_BUFFERTAG(buf->tag);
+
+ pg_atomic_init_u32(&buf->state, 0);
+ buf->wait_backend_pgprocno = INVALID_PGPROCNO;
+
+ buf->buf_id = i;
+
+ /*
+ * Initially link all the buffers together as unused. Subsequent
+ * management of this list is done by freelist.c.
+ */
+ buf->freeNext = i + 1;
+
+ LWLockInitialize(BufferDescriptorGetContentLock(buf),
+ LWTRANCHE_BUFFER_CONTENT);
+
+ ConditionVariableInit(BufferDescriptorGetIOCV(buf));
+ }
+
+ /* Correct last entry of linked list */
+ GetBufferDescriptor(NBuffers - 1)->freeNext = FREENEXT_END_OF_LIST;
+ }
+
+ /* Init other shared buffer-management stuff */
+ StrategyInitialize(!foundDescs);
+
+ /* Initialize per-backend file flush context */
+ WritebackContextInit(&BackendWritebackContext,
+ &backend_flush_after);
+}
+
+/*
+ * BufferShmemSize
+ *
+ * compute the size of shared memory for the buffer pool including
+ * data pages, buffer descriptors, hash tables, etc.
+ */
+Size
+BufferShmemSize(void)
+{
+ Size size = 0;
+
+ /* size of buffer descriptors */
+ size = add_size(size, mul_size(NBuffers, sizeof(BufferDescPadded)));
+ /* to allow aligning buffer descriptors */
+ size = add_size(size, PG_CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
+
+ /* size of data pages */
+ size = add_size(size, mul_size(NBuffers, BLCKSZ));
+
+ /* size of stuff controlled by freelist.c */
+ size = add_size(size, StrategyShmemSize());
+
+ /* size of I/O condition variables */
+ size = add_size(size, mul_size(NBuffers,
+ sizeof(ConditionVariableMinimallyPadded)));
+ /* to allow aligning the above */
+ size = add_size(size, PG_CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
+
+ /* size of checkpoint sort array in bufmgr.c */
+ size = add_size(size, mul_size(NBuffers, sizeof(CkptSortItem)));
+
+ return size;
+}