summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/www/lang_expr.html
blob: 299192fa630fed0361312ee23c4790edce699d1b (plain) 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
2705
2706
2707
2708
2709
2710
2711
2712
2713
2714
2715
2716
2717
2718
2719
2720
2721
2722
2723
2724
2725
2726
2727
2728
2729
2730
2731
2732
2733
2734
2735
2736
2737
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744
2745
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
2785
2786
2787
2788
2789
2790
2791
2792
2793
2794
2795
2796
2797
2798
2799
2800
2801
2802
2803
2804
2805
2806
2807
2808
2809
2810
2811
2812
2813
2814
2815
2816
2817
2818
2819
2820
2821
2822
2823
2824
2825
2826
2827
2828
2829
2830
2831
2832
2833
2834
2835
2836
2837
2838
2839
2840
2841
2842
2843
2844
2845
2846
2847
2848
2849
2850
2851
2852
2853
2854
2855
2856
2857
2858
2859
2860
2861
2862
2863
2864
2865
2866
2867
2868
2869
2870
2871
2872
2873
2874
2875
2876
2877
2878
2879
2880
2881
2882
2883
2884
2885
2886
2887
2888
2889
2890
2891
2892
2893
2894
2895
2896
2897
2898
2899
2900
2901
2902
2903
2904
2905
2906
2907
2908
2909
2910
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2916
2917
2918
2919
2920
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2928
2929
2930
2931
2932
2933
2934
2935
2936
2937
2938
2939
2940
2941
2942
2943
2944
2945
2946
2947
2948
2949
2950
2951
2952
2953
2954
2955
2956
2957
2958
2959
2960
2961
2962
2963
2964
2965
2966
2967
2968
2969
2970
2971
2972
2973
2974
2975
2976
2977
2978
2979
2980
2981
2982
2983
2984
2985
2986
2987
2988
2989
2990
2991
2992
2993
2994
2995
2996
2997
2998
2999
3000
3001
3002
3003
3004
3005
3006
3007
3008
3009
3010
3011
3012
3013
3014
3015
3016
3017
3018
3019
3020
3021
3022
3023
3024
3025
3026
3027
3028
3029
3030
3031
3032
3033
3034
3035
3036
3037
3038
3039
3040
3041
3042
3043
3044
3045
3046
3047
3048
3049
3050
3051
3052
3053
3054
3055
3056
3057
3058
3059
3060
3061
3062
3063
3064
3065
3066
3067
3068
3069
3070
3071
3072
3073
3074
3075
3076
3077
3078
3079
3080
3081
3082
3083
3084
3085
3086
3087
3088
3089
3090
3091
3092
3093
3094
3095
3096
3097
3098
3099
3100
3101
3102
3103
3104
3105
3106
3107
3108
3109
3110
3111
3112
3113
3114
3115
3116
3117
3118
3119
3120
3121
3122
3123
3124
3125
3126
3127
3128
3129
3130
3131
3132
3133
3134
3135
3136
3137
3138
3139
3140
3141
3142
3143
3144
3145
3146
3147
3148
3149
3150
3151
3152
3153
3154
3155
3156
3157
3158
3159
3160
3161
3162
3163
3164
3165
3166
3167
3168
3169
3170
3171
3172
3173
3174
3175
3176
3177
3178
3179
3180
3181
3182
3183
3184
3185
3186
3187
3188
3189
3190
3191
3192
3193
3194
3195
3196
3197
3198
3199
3200
3201
3202
3203
3204
3205
3206
3207
3208
3209
3210
3211
3212
3213
3214
3215
3216
3217
3218
3219
3220
3221
3222
3223
3224
3225
3226
3227
3228
3229
3230
3231
3232
3233
3234
3235
3236
3237
3238
3239
3240
3241
3242
3243
3244
3245
3246
3247
3248
3249
3250
3251
3252
3253
3254
3255
3256
3257
3258
3259
3260
3261
3262
3263
3264
3265
3266
3267
3268
3269
3270
3271
3272
3273
3274
3275
3276
3277
3278
3279
3280
3281
3282
3283
3284
3285
3286
3287
3288
3289
3290
3291
3292
3293
3294
3295
3296
3297
3298
3299
3300
3301
3302
3303
3304
3305
3306
3307
3308
3309
3310
3311
3312
3313
3314
3315
3316
3317
3318
3319
3320
3321
3322
3323
3324
3325
3326
3327
3328
3329
3330
3331
3332
3333
3334
3335
3336
3337
3338
3339
3340
3341
3342
3343
3344
3345
3346
3347
3348
3349
3350
3351
3352
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3358
3359
3360
3361
3362
3363
3364
3365
3366
3367
3368
3369
3370
3371
3372
3373
3374

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html><head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<link href="sqlite.css" rel="stylesheet">
<title>SQL Language Expressions</title>
<!-- path= -->
</head>
<body>
<div class=nosearch>
<a href="index.html">
<img class="logo" src="images/sqlite370_banner.gif" alt="SQLite" border="0">
</a>
<div><!-- IE hack to prevent disappearing logo --></div>
<div class="tagline desktoponly">
Small. Fast. Reliable.<br>Choose any three.
</div>
<div class="menu mainmenu">
<ul>
<li><a href="index.html">Home</a>
<li class='mobileonly'><a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick='toggle_div("submenu")'>Menu</a>
<li class='wideonly'><a href='about.html'>About</a>
<li class='desktoponly'><a href="docs.html">Documentation</a>
<li class='desktoponly'><a href="download.html">Download</a>
<li class='wideonly'><a href='copyright.html'>License</a>
<li class='desktoponly'><a href="support.html">Support</a>
<li class='desktoponly'><a href="prosupport.html">Purchase</a>
<li class='search' id='search_menubutton'>
<a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick='toggle_search()'>Search</a>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="menu submenu" id="submenu">
<ul>
<li><a href='about.html'>About</a>
<li><a href='docs.html'>Documentation</a>
<li><a href='download.html'>Download</a>
<li><a href='support.html'>Support</a>
<li><a href='prosupport.html'>Purchase</a>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="searchmenu" id="searchmenu">
<form method="GET" action="search">
<select name="s" id="searchtype">
<option value="d">Search Documentation</option>
<option value="c">Search Changelog</option>
</select>
<input type="text" name="q" id="searchbox" value="">
<input type="submit" value="Go">
</form>
</div>
</div>
<script>
function toggle_div(nm) {
var w = document.getElementById(nm);
if( w.style.display=="block" ){
w.style.display = "none";
}else{
w.style.display = "block";
}
}
function toggle_search() {
var w = document.getElementById("searchmenu");
if( w.style.display=="block" ){
w.style.display = "none";
} else {
w.style.display = "block";
setTimeout(function(){
document.getElementById("searchbox").focus()
}, 30);
}
}
function div_off(nm){document.getElementById(nm).style.display="none";}
window.onbeforeunload = function(e){div_off("submenu");}
/* Disable the Search feature if we are not operating from CGI, since */
/* Search is accomplished using CGI and will not work without it. */
if( !location.origin || !location.origin.match || !location.origin.match(/http/) ){
document.getElementById("search_menubutton").style.display = "none";
}
/* Used by the Hide/Show button beside syntax diagrams, to toggle the */
function hideorshow(btn,obj){
var x = document.getElementById(obj);
var b = document.getElementById(btn);
if( x.style.display!='none' ){
x.style.display = 'none';
b.innerHTML='show';
}else{
x.style.display = '';
b.innerHTML='hide';
}
return false;
}
var antiRobot = 0;
function antiRobotGo(){
if( antiRobot!=3 ) return;
antiRobot = 7;
var j = document.getElementById("mtimelink");
if(j && j.hasAttribute("data-href")) j.href=j.getAttribute("data-href");
}
function antiRobotDefense(){
document.body.onmousedown=function(){
antiRobot |= 2;
antiRobotGo();
document.body.onmousedown=null;
}
document.body.onmousemove=function(){
antiRobot |= 2;
antiRobotGo();
document.body.onmousemove=null;
}
setTimeout(function(){
antiRobot |= 1;
antiRobotGo();
}, 100)
antiRobotGo();
}
antiRobotDefense();
</script>
<div class=fancy>
<div class=nosearch>
<div class="fancy_title">
SQL Language Expressions
</div>
<div class="fancy_toc">
<a onclick="toggle_toc()">
<span class="fancy_toc_mark" id="toc_mk">&#x25ba;</span>
Table Of Contents
</a>
<div id="toc_sub"><div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#syntax">1. Syntax</a></div>
<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#operators_and_parse_affecting_attributes">2. Operators, and Parse-Affecting Attributes</a></div>
<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#literal_values_constants_">3. Literal Values (Constants)</a></div>
<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#parameters">4. Parameters</a></div>
<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#the_like_glob_regexp_match_and_extract_operators">5. The LIKE, GLOB, REGEXP, MATCH, and extract operators</a></div>
<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#the_between_operator">6. The BETWEEN operator</a></div>
<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#the_case_expression">7. The CASE expression</a></div>
<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#the_in_and_not_in_operators">8. The IN and NOT IN operators</a></div>
<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#table_column_names">9. Table Column Names</a></div>
<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#the_exists_operator">10. The EXISTS operator</a></div>
<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#subquery_expressions">11. Subquery Expressions</a></div>
<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#correlated_subqueries">12. Correlated Subqueries</a></div>
<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#cast_expressions">13. CAST expressions</a></div>
<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#boolean_expressions">14. Boolean Expressions</a></div>
<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#functions">15. Functions</a></div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
function toggle_toc(){
var sub = document.getElementById("toc_sub")
var mk = document.getElementById("toc_mk")
if( sub.style.display!="block" ){
sub.style.display = "block";
mk.innerHTML = "&#x25bc;";
} else {
sub.style.display = "none";
mk.innerHTML = "&#x25ba;";
}
}
</script>
</div>




<h1 id="syntax"><span>1. </span>Syntax</h1>

<p><b><a href="syntax/expr.html">expr:</a></b>
<button id='x1719' onclick='hideorshow("x1719","x1720")'>hide</button></p>
 <div id='x1720' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:963px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 963.96 1105.06">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,17 33,21 33,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L39,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M45,32L158,32L158,2L45,2Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="101" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">literal-value</text>
<polygon points="954,17 943,21 943,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M158,17L948,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="958" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M60,70L172,70A15 15 0 0 0 187 55L187,55A15 15 0 0 0 172 39L60,39A15 15 0 0 0 45 55L45,55A15 15 0 0 0 60 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="116" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">bind-parameter</text>
<polygon points="916,55 905,59 905,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M187,55L910,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,55 L 924,55 Q 931,55 931,47 L 931,40"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,55 33,59 33,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,40 Q 24,55 31,55 L 39,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M60,130L156,130A15 15 0 0 0 171 115A15 15 0 0 0 156 100L60,100A15 15 0 0 0 45 115A15 15 0 0 0 60 130Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="108" y="115" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">schema-name</text>
<polygon points="195,115 183,119 183,111" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M171,115L189,115"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M210,130A15 15 0 0 0 225 115A15 15 0 0 0 210 100A15 15 0 0 0 195 115A15 15 0 0 0 210 130Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="210" y="115" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">.</text>
<polygon points="261,115 249,119 249,111" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M225,115L255,115"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M276,130L351,130A15 15 0 0 0 366 115A15 15 0 0 0 351 100L276,100A15 15 0 0 0 261 115A15 15 0 0 0 276 130Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="313" y="115" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">table-name</text>
<polygon points="389,115 378,119 378,111" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M366,115L383,115"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M404,130A15 15 0 0 0 419 115A15 15 0 0 0 404 100A15 15 0 0 0 389 115A15 15 0 0 0 404 130Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="404" y="115" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">.</text>
<polygon points="455,115 444,119 444,111" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M419,115L450,115"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M471,130L565,130A15 15 0 0 0 580 115A15 15 0 0 0 565 100L471,100A15 15 0 0 0 455 115A15 15 0 0 0 471 130Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="518" y="115" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">column-name</text>
<polygon points="916,115 905,119 905,111" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M580,115L910,115"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,115 L 924,115 Q 931,115 931,108 L 931,100"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,115 33,119 33,111" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,100 L 24,108 Q 24,115 31,115 L 39,115"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="108,89 97,93 97,84" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,74 L 24,81 Q 24,89 39,89 L 87,89 L 102,89"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="313,89 302,93 302,84" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M108,89 L 129,89 Q 144,89 159,89 L 293,89 L 308,89"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M313,89 L 414,89 Q 429,89 429,102 Q 429,115 436,115 L 444,115"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M223,89 L 230,89 Q 238,89 238,102 Q 238,115 245,115 L 253,115"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M60,168L168,168A15 15 0 0 0 183 153A15 15 0 0 0 168 138L60,138A15 15 0 0 0 45 153A15 15 0 0 0 60 168Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="114" y="153" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">unary-operator</text>
<polygon points="206,153 194,157 194,149" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M183,153L200,153"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M206,168L255,168L255,138L206,138Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="231" y="153" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="916,153 905,157 905,149" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M255,153L910,153"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,153 L 924,153 Q 931,153 931,145 L 931,138"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,153 33,157 33,149" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,138 L 24,145 Q 24,153 31,153 L 39,153"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M45,206L94,206L94,176L45,176Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="69" y="191" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="117,191 106,195 106,186" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M94,191L111,191"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M132,206L245,206A15 15 0 0 0 261 191A15 15 0 0 0 245 176L132,176A15 15 0 0 0 117 191A15 15 0 0 0 132 206Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="189" y="191" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">binary-operator</text>
<polygon points="284,191 272,195 272,186" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M261,191L278,191"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M284,206L333,206L333,176L284,176Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="308" y="191" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="916,191 905,195 905,186" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M333,191L910,191"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,191 L 924,191 Q 931,191 931,183 L 931,176"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,191 33,195 33,186" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,176 L 24,183 Q 24,191 31,191 L 39,191"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M60,266L162,266A15 15 0 0 0 177 251A15 15 0 0 0 162 236L60,236A15 15 0 0 0 45 251A15 15 0 0 0 60 266Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="111" y="251" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">function-name</text>
<polygon points="194,251 183,255 183,247" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M177,251L188,251"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M209,266A15 15 0 0 0 224 251A15 15 0 0 0 209 236A15 15 0 0 0 194 251A15 15 0 0 0 209 266Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="209" y="251" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="260,251 249,255 249,247" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M224,251L255,251"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M275,266L344,266A15 15 0 0 0 359 251A15 15 0 0 0 344 236L275,236A15 15 0 0 0 260 251A15 15 0 0 0 275 266Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="310" y="251" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">DISTINCT</text>
<polygon points="424,251 412,255 412,247" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M359,251L418,251"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M424,266L473,266L473,236L424,236Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="448" y="251" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="527,251 515,255 515,247" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M473,251L521,251"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M542,266A15 15 0 0 0 557 251A15 15 0 0 0 542 236A15 15 0 0 0 527 251A15 15 0 0 0 542 266Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="542" y="251" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="595,281 584,286 584,277" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M557,251 L 565,251 Q 572,251 572,266 L 572,266 Q 572,281 581,281 L 589,281"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M595,297L707,297L707,266L595,266Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="651" y="281" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">filter-clause</text>
<polygon points="745,251 734,255 734,247" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M707,281 L 715,281 Q 722,281 722,266 L 722,266 Q 722,251 731,251 L 739,251"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="783,281 772,286 772,277" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M745,251 L 753,251 Q 760,251 760,266 L 760,266 Q 760,281 769,281 L 777,281"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M783,297L891,297L891,266L783,266Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="837" y="281" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">over-clause</text>
<polygon points="916,281 905,286 905,277" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M891,281L910,281"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,281 L 924,281 Q 931,281 931,274 L 931,266"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,251 33,255 33,247" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,236 L 24,244 Q 24,251 31,251 L 39,251"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="651,251 640,255 640,247" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M557,251L645,251"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M651,251L734,251"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="916,251 905,255 905,247" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M745,251L910,251"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,251 L 924,251 Q 931,251 931,244 L 931,236"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M448,228A15 15 0 0 0 463 213A15 15 0 0 0 448 198A15 15 0 0 0 433 213A15 15 0 0 0 448 228Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="448" y="213" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="463,213 475,209 475,218" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M473,251 L 480,251 Q 488,251 488,236 L 488,228 Q 488,213 478,213 L 469,213"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M433,213 L 416,213 Q 401,213 401,228 L 401,236 Q 401,251 408,251 L 416,251"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="310,221 298,225 298,217" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M224,251 L 232,251 Q 239,251 239,236 L 239,236 Q 239,221 254,221 L 289,221 L 304,221"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="397,251 385,255 385,247" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M310,221 L 355,221 Q 370,221 370,236 L 370,236 Q 370,251 380,251 L 391,251"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M275,304A15 15 0 0 0 291 289A15 15 0 0 0 275 274A15 15 0 0 0 260 289A15 15 0 0 0 275 304Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="275" y="289" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">*</text>
<polygon points="260,289 249,293 249,285" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M224,251 L 232,251 Q 239,251 239,266 L 239,274 Q 239,289 247,289 L 255,289"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="489,289 477,293 477,285" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M291,289L483,289"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M489,289 L 496,289 Q 504,289 504,274 L 504,266 Q 504,251 511,251 L 519,251"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="260,319 249,324 249,315" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M239,274 L 239,304 Q 239,319 247,319 L 255,319"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="489,319 477,324 477,315" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M260,319L483,319"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M489,319 L 496,319 Q 504,319 504,304 L 504,289 L 504,274"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M60,357A15 15 0 0 0 75 342A15 15 0 0 0 60 327A15 15 0 0 0 45 342A15 15 0 0 0 60 357Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="60" y="342" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="111,342 100,346 100,338" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M75,342L105,342"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M111,357L160,357L160,327L111,327Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="136" y="342" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="196,342 185,346 185,338" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M160,342L191,342"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M211,357A15 15 0 0 0 227 342A15 15 0 0 0 211 327A15 15 0 0 0 196 342A15 15 0 0 0 211 357Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="211" y="342" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="916,342 905,346 905,338" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M227,342L910,342"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,342 L 924,342 Q 931,342 931,334 L 931,327"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,342 33,346 33,338" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,327 L 24,334 Q 24,342 31,342 L 39,342"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M136,319A15 15 0 0 0 151 304A15 15 0 0 0 136 289A15 15 0 0 0 121 304A15 15 0 0 0 136 319Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="136" y="304" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="151,304 162,300 162,308" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M160,342 L 168,342 Q 175,342 175,327 L 175,319 Q 175,304 166,304 L 157,304"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M121,304 L 103,304 Q 88,304 88,319 L 88,327 Q 88,342 96,342 L 103,342"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M60,395L88,395A15 15 0 0 0 103 380A15 15 0 0 0 88 365L60,365A15 15 0 0 0 45 380A15 15 0 0 0 60 395Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="74" y="380" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">CAST</text>
<polygon points="126,380 114,384 114,375" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M103,380L120,380"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M141,395A15 15 0 0 0 156 380A15 15 0 0 0 141 365A15 15 0 0 0 126 380A15 15 0 0 0 141 395Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="141" y="380" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="179,380 168,384 168,375" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M156,380L173,380"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M179,395L228,395L228,365L179,365Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="204" y="380" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="251,380 240,384 240,375" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M228,380L246,380"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M267,395L271,395A15 15 0 0 0 286 380A15 15 0 0 0 271 365L267,365A15 15 0 0 0 251 380A15 15 0 0 0 267 395Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="269" y="380" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">AS</text>
<polygon points="309,380 297,384 297,375" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M286,380L303,380"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M309,395L408,395L408,365L309,365Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="358" y="380" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">type-name</text>
<polygon points="431,380 419,384 419,375" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M408,380L425,380"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M446,395A15 15 0 0 0 461 380A15 15 0 0 0 446 365A15 15 0 0 0 431 380A15 15 0 0 0 446 395Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="446" y="380" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="916,380 905,384 905,375" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M461,380L910,380"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,380 L 924,380 Q 931,380 931,372 L 931,365"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,380 33,384 33,375" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,365 L 24,372 Q 24,380 31,380 L 39,380"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M45,433L94,433L94,402L45,402Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="69" y="417" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="117,417 106,422 106,413" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M94,417L111,417"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M132,433L196,433A15 15 0 0 0 211 417A15 15 0 0 0 196 402L132,402A15 15 0 0 0 117 417A15 15 0 0 0 132 433Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="164" y="417" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">COLLATE</text>
<polygon points="234,417 223,422 223,413" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M211,417L229,417"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M250,433L355,433A15 15 0 0 0 370 417A15 15 0 0 0 355 402L250,402A15 15 0 0 0 234 417A15 15 0 0 0 250 433Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="302" y="417" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">collation-name</text>
<polygon points="916,417 905,422 905,413" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M370,417L910,417"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,417 L 924,417 Q 931,417 931,410 L 931,402"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,417 33,422 33,413" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,402 L 24,410 Q 24,417 31,417 L 39,417"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M45,470L94,470L94,440L45,440Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="69" y="455" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="130,455 119,460 119,451" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M94,455L124,455"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M145,470L165,470A15 15 0 0 0 180 455A15 15 0 0 0 165 440L145,440A15 15 0 0 0 130 455A15 15 0 0 0 145 470Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="155" y="455" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NOT</text>
<polygon points="234,455 223,460 223,451" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M180,455L229,455"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M250,470L273,470A15 15 0 0 0 288 455A15 15 0 0 0 273 440L250,440A15 15 0 0 0 234 455A15 15 0 0 0 250 470Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="261" y="455" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">LIKE</text>
<path d="M250,508L279,508A15 15 0 0 0 294 493A15 15 0 0 0 279 478L250,478A15 15 0 0 0 234 493A15 15 0 0 0 250 508Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="264" y="493" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">GLOB</text>
<path d="M250,546L302,546A15 15 0 0 0 317 531A15 15 0 0 0 302 516L250,516A15 15 0 0 0 234 531A15 15 0 0 0 250 546Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="276" y="531" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">REGEXP</text>
<path d="M250,584L297,584A15 15 0 0 0 313 569A15 15 0 0 0 297 554L250,554A15 15 0 0 0 234 569A15 15 0 0 0 250 584Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="274" y="569" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">MATCH</text>
<path d="M378,546L427,546L427,516L378,516Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="403" y="531" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<path d="M378,470L427,470L427,440L378,440Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="403" y="455" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="465,486 454,490 454,481" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M427,455 L 435,455 Q 442,455 442,470 L 442,471 Q 442,486 451,486 L 460,486"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M480,501L532,501A15 15 0 0 0 547 486A15 15 0 0 0 532 470L480,470A15 15 0 0 0 465 486A15 15 0 0 0 480 501Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="506" y="486" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ESCAPE</text>
<polygon points="570,486 559,490 559,481" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M547,486L565,486"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M570,501L620,501L620,470L570,470Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="595" y="486" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="671,455 659,460 659,451" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M620,486 L 627,486 Q 635,486 635,471 L 635,470 Q 635,455 650,455 L 650,455 L 665,455"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="916,455 905,460 905,451" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M671,455L910,455"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,455 L 924,455 Q 931,455 931,448 L 931,440"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,455 33,460 33,451" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,440 L 24,448 Q 24,455 31,455 L 39,455"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M100,455 L 108,455 Q 115,455 115,470 L 115,471 Q 115,486 130,486 L 177,486 Q 192,486 192,471 L 192,470 Q 192,455 199,455 L 207,455"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="234,569 223,573 223,564" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M196,455 L 204,455 Q 211,455 211,470 L 211,554 Q 211,569 220,569 L 229,569"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="234,493 223,497 223,489" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M211,478 L 211,486 Q 211,493 220,493 L 229,493"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="234,531 223,535 223,527" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M211,516 L 211,523 Q 211,531 220,531 L 229,531"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="378,455 367,460 367,451" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M288,455L372,455"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="340,569 329,573 329,564" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M313,569L334,569"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="378,531 367,535 367,527" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M340,569 L 348,569 Q 355,569 355,554 L 355,546 Q 355,531 364,531 L 372,531"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="340,531 329,535 329,527" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M317,531L334,531"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M340,531L378,531"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="340,493 329,497 329,489" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M294,493L334,493"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M340,493 L 348,493 Q 355,493 355,508 L 355,516 Q 355,531 367,531 L 378,531"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="506,455 495,460 495,451" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M427,455L501,455"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M506,455L659,455"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="547,531 536,535 536,527" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M427,531L542,531"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M547,531 L 656,531 Q 671,531 671,516 L 671,470 Q 671,455 686,455 L 692,455 L 707,455"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M45,622L94,622L94,591L45,591Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="69" y="606" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="130,606 119,611 119,602" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M94,606L124,606"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M145,622L194,622A15 15 0 0 0 209 606A15 15 0 0 0 194 591L145,591A15 15 0 0 0 130 606A15 15 0 0 0 145 622Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="170" y="606" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ISNULL</text>
<polygon points="916,606 905,611 905,602" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M209,606L910,606"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,606 L 924,606 Q 931,606 931,599 L 931,591"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,606 33,611 33,602" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,591 L 24,599 Q 24,606 31,606 L 39,606"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M145,659L215,659A15 15 0 0 0 230 644A15 15 0 0 0 215 629L145,629A15 15 0 0 0 130 644A15 15 0 0 0 145 659Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="180" y="644" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NOTNULL</text>
<path d="M145,697L165,697A15 15 0 0 0 180 682A15 15 0 0 0 165 667L145,667A15 15 0 0 0 130 682A15 15 0 0 0 145 697Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="155" y="682" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NOT</text>
<polygon points="203,682 192,686 192,678" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M180,682L198,682"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M219,697L250,697A15 15 0 0 0 265 682A15 15 0 0 0 250 667L219,667A15 15 0 0 0 203 682A15 15 0 0 0 219 697Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="234" y="682" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NULL</text>
<polygon points="288,682 276,686 276,678" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M265,682L282,682"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="339,606 327,611 327,602" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M288,682 L 295,682 Q 303,682 303,667 L 303,621 Q 303,606 318,606 L 318,606 L 333,606"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="288,644 276,649 276,640" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M230,644L282,644"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M288,644 L 295,644 Q 303,644 303,637 L 303,629"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="130,682 119,686 119,678" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M94,606 L 102,606 Q 109,606 109,621 L 109,667 Q 109,682 117,682 L 124,682"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="130,644 119,649 119,640" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M94,606 L 102,606 Q 109,606 109,621 L 109,629 Q 109,644 117,644 L 124,644"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M45,735L94,735L94,705L45,705Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="69" y="720" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="117,720 106,724 106,716" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M94,720L111,720"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M132,735A15 15 0 0 0 147 720A15 15 0 0 0 132 705A15 15 0 0 0 117 720A15 15 0 0 0 132 735Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="132" y="720" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">IS</text>
<polygon points="183,720 172,724 172,716" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M147,720L178,720"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M198,735L219,735A15 15 0 0 0 234 720A15 15 0 0 0 219 705L198,705A15 15 0 0 0 183 720A15 15 0 0 0 198 735Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="209" y="720" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NOT</text>
<polygon points="270,720 258,724 258,716" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M234,720L264,720"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="306,720 294,724 294,716" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M270,720L300,720"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M321,735L389,735A15 15 0 0 0 404 720A15 15 0 0 0 389 705L321,705A15 15 0 0 0 306 720A15 15 0 0 0 321 735Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="355" y="720" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">DISTINCT</text>
<polygon points="440,720 429,724 429,716" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M404,720L434,720"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M455,735L490,735A15 15 0 0 0 505 720A15 15 0 0 0 490 705L455,705A15 15 0 0 0 440 720A15 15 0 0 0 455 735Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="473" y="720" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FROM</text>
<polygon points="541,720 530,724 530,716" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M505,720L535,720"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M541,735L590,735L590,705L541,705Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="566" y="720" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="916,720 905,724 905,716" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M590,720L910,720"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,720 L 924,720 Q 931,720 931,712 L 931,705"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,720 33,724 33,716" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,705 L 24,712 Q 24,720 31,720 L 39,720"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M149,720 L 156,720 Q 164,720 164,732 Q 164,744 179,744 L 230,744 Q 245,744 245,732 Q 245,720 253,720 L 260,720"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M271,720 L 279,720 Q 286,720 286,732 Q 286,744 301,744 L 502,744 Q 517,744 517,732 Q 517,720 524,720 L 532,720"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M45,780L94,780L94,750L45,750Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="69" y="765" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="130,765 119,770 119,761" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M94,765L124,765"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M145,780L165,780A15 15 0 0 0 180 765A15 15 0 0 0 165 750L145,750A15 15 0 0 0 130 765A15 15 0 0 0 145 780Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="155" y="765" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NOT</text>
<polygon points="216,765 205,770 205,761" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M180,765L211,765"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M232,780L304,780A15 15 0 0 0 319 765A15 15 0 0 0 304 750L232,750A15 15 0 0 0 216 765A15 15 0 0 0 232 780Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="268" y="765" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">BETWEEN</text>
<polygon points="342,765 331,770 331,761" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M319,765L336,765"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M342,780L391,780L391,750L342,750Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="367" y="765" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="414,765 403,770 403,761" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M391,765L409,765"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M430,780L450,780A15 15 0 0 0 465 765A15 15 0 0 0 450 750L430,750A15 15 0 0 0 414 765A15 15 0 0 0 430 780Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="440" y="765" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">AND</text>
<polygon points="488,765 477,770 477,761" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M465,765L483,765"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M488,780L538,780L538,750L488,750Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="513" y="765" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="916,765 905,770 905,761" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M538,765L910,765"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,765 L 924,765 Q 931,765 931,758 L 931,750"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,765 33,770 33,761" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,750 L 24,758 Q 24,765 31,765 L 39,765"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M95,765 L 103,765 Q 110,765 110,777 Q 110,789 125,789 L 177,789 Q 192,789 192,777 Q 192,765 199,765 L 207,765"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M45,833L94,833L94,803L45,803Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="69" y="818" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="130,818 119,822 119,814" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M94,818L124,818"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M145,833L165,833A15 15 0 0 0 180 818A15 15 0 0 0 165 803L145,803A15 15 0 0 0 130 818A15 15 0 0 0 145 833Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="155" y="818" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NOT</text>
<polygon points="216,818 205,822 205,814" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M180,818L211,818"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M232,833L234,833A15 15 0 0 0 249 818A15 15 0 0 0 234 803L232,803A15 15 0 0 0 216 818A15 15 0 0 0 232 833Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="233" y="818" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">IN</text>
<polygon points="285,818 273,822 273,814" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M249,818L279,818"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M300,833A15 15 0 0 0 315 818A15 15 0 0 0 300 803A15 15 0 0 0 285 818A15 15 0 0 0 300 833Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="300" y="818" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="351,818 340,822 340,814" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M315,818L345,818"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M351,833L455,833L455,803L351,803Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="403" y="818" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">select-stmt</text>
<polygon points="491,818 480,822 480,814" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M455,818L486,818"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M507,833A15 15 0 0 0 522 818A15 15 0 0 0 507 803A15 15 0 0 0 491 818A15 15 0 0 0 507 833Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="507" y="818" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="916,818 905,822 905,814" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M522,818L910,818"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,818 L 924,818 Q 931,818 931,811 L 931,803"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,818 33,822 33,814" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,803 L 24,811 Q 24,818 31,818 L 39,818"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M95,818 L 103,818 Q 110,818 110,830 Q 110,842 125,842 L 177,842 Q 192,842 192,830 Q 192,818 199,818 L 207,818"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M317,818 L 324,818 Q 332,818 332,806 Q 332,794 347,794 L 452,794 Q 467,794 467,806 Q 467,818 475,818 L 482,818"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M379,871L428,871L428,841L379,841Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="403" y="856" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="379,856 367,860 367,852" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M317,818 L 324,818 Q 332,818 332,833 L 332,841 Q 332,856 347,856 L 358,856 L 373,856"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M428,856 L 452,856 Q 467,856 467,841 L 467,833 Q 467,818 475,818 L 482,818"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M403,909A15 15 0 0 0 418 894A15 15 0 0 0 403 879A15 15 0 0 0 388 894A15 15 0 0 0 403 909Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="403" y="894" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="418,894 430,889 430,898" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M428,856 L 435,856 Q 443,856 443,871 L 443,879 Q 443,894 434,894 L 424,894"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M388,894 L 371,894 Q 356,894 356,879 L 356,871 Q 356,856 363,856 L 371,856"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M300,962L396,962A15 15 0 0 0 412 947A15 15 0 0 0 396 932L300,932A15 15 0 0 0 285 947A15 15 0 0 0 300 962Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="348" y="947" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">schema-name</text>
<polygon points="429,947 417,951 417,942" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M412,947L423,947"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M444,962A15 15 0 0 0 459 947A15 15 0 0 0 444 932A15 15 0 0 0 429 947A15 15 0 0 0 444 962Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="444" y="947" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">.</text>
<polygon points="513,947 502,951 502,942" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M459,947L507,947"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M528,962L627,962A15 15 0 0 0 642 947A15 15 0 0 0 627 932L528,932A15 15 0 0 0 513 947A15 15 0 0 0 528 962Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="577" y="947" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">table-function</text>
<polygon points="659,947 647,951 647,942" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M642,947L653,947"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M674,962A15 15 0 0 0 689 947A15 15 0 0 0 674 932A15 15 0 0 0 659 947A15 15 0 0 0 674 962Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="674" y="947" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="734,947 723,951 723,942" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M689,947L728,947"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M734,962L783,962L783,932L734,932Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="759" y="947" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="828,947 817,951 817,942" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M783,947L823,947"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M844,962A15 15 0 0 0 859 947A15 15 0 0 0 844 932A15 15 0 0 0 828 947A15 15 0 0 0 844 962Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="844" y="947" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="916,947 905,951 905,942" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M859,947L910,947"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,947 L 924,947 Q 931,947 931,939 L 931,932"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M528,901L603,901A15 15 0 0 0 619 886A15 15 0 0 0 603 871L528,871A15 15 0 0 0 513 886A15 15 0 0 0 528 901Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="566" y="886" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">table-name</text>
<polygon points="916,886 905,891 905,882" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M619,886L910,886"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,886 L 924,886 Q 931,886 931,879 L 931,871"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="513,886 502,891 502,882" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M475,947 L 483,947 Q 490,947 490,932 L 490,901 Q 490,886 499,886 L 507,886"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M759,929A15 15 0 0 0 774 913A15 15 0 0 0 759 898A15 15 0 0 0 744 913A15 15 0 0 0 759 929Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="759" y="913" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="774,913 785,909 785,918" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M783,947 L 791,947 Q 798,947 798,932 L 798,928 Q 798,913 789,913 L 780,913"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M744,913 L 726,913 Q 711,913 711,928 L 711,932 Q 711,947 719,947 L 726,947"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M689,947 L 697,947 Q 704,947 704,957 Q 704,968 719,968 L 790,968 Q 805,968 805,957 Q 805,947 813,947 L 820,947"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="285,947 273,951 273,942" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M249,818 L 256,818 Q 264,818 264,833 L 264,932 Q 264,947 272,947 L 279,947"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="423,918 412,922 412,914" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M264,903 L 264,910 Q 264,918 279,918 L 402,918 L 417,918"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M423,918 L 456,918 Q 471,918 471,932 Q 471,947 478,947 L 486,947"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M60,1007L80,1007A15 15 0 0 0 95 992A15 15 0 0 0 80 977L60,977A15 15 0 0 0 45 992A15 15 0 0 0 60 1007Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="70" y="992" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NOT</text>
<polygon points="131,992 120,996 120,988" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M95,992L125,992"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M146,1007L191,1007A15 15 0 0 0 206 992A15 15 0 0 0 191 977L146,977A15 15 0 0 0 131 992A15 15 0 0 0 146 1007Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="169" y="992" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">EXISTS</text>
<polygon points="242,992 231,996 231,988" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M206,992L236,992"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M257,1007A15 15 0 0 0 272 992A15 15 0 0 0 257 977A15 15 0 0 0 242 992A15 15 0 0 0 257 1007Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="257" y="992" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="295,992 284,996 284,988" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M272,992L290,992"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M295,1007L400,1007L400,977L295,977Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="347" y="992" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">select-stmt</text>
<polygon points="423,992 411,996 411,988" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M400,992L417,992"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M438,1007A15 15 0 0 0 453 992A15 15 0 0 0 438 977A15 15 0 0 0 423 992A15 15 0 0 0 438 1007Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="438" y="992" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="916,992 905,996 905,988" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M453,992L910,992"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,992 L 924,992 Q 931,992 931,985 L 931,977"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,992 33,996 33,988" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,977 L 24,984 Q 24,992 31,992 L 39,992"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="70,966 59,970 59,961" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,951 L 24,958 Q 24,966 39,966 L 49,966 L 64,966"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M70,966 L 201,966 Q 216,966 216,979 Q 216,992 223,992 L 231,992"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M93,966 L 101,966 Q 108,966 108,979 Q 108,992 116,992 L 123,992"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M60,1045L89,1045A15 15 0 0 0 104 1030A15 15 0 0 0 89 1015L60,1015A15 15 0 0 0 45 1030A15 15 0 0 0 60 1045Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="74" y="1030" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">CASE</text>
<polygon points="140,1030 128,1034 128,1026" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M104,1030L134,1030"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M140,1045L189,1045L189,1015L140,1015Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="164" y="1030" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="243,1030 232,1034 232,1026" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M189,1030L237,1030"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M258,1045L298,1045A15 15 0 0 0 313 1030A15 15 0 0 0 298 1015L258,1015A15 15 0 0 0 243 1030A15 15 0 0 0 258 1045Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="278" y="1030" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">WHEN</text>
<polygon points="336,1030 324,1034 324,1026" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M313,1030L330,1030"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M336,1045L385,1045L385,1015L336,1015Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="360" y="1030" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="408,1030 396,1034 396,1026" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M385,1030L402,1030"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M423,1045L456,1045A15 15 0 0 0 472 1030A15 15 0 0 0 456 1015L423,1015A15 15 0 0 0 408 1030A15 15 0 0 0 423 1045Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="440" y="1030" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">THEN</text>
<polygon points="495,1030 483,1034 483,1026" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M472,1030L489,1030"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M495,1045L544,1045L544,1015L495,1015Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="519" y="1030" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="616,1030 604,1034 604,1026" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M544,1030L610,1030"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M631,1045L658,1045A15 15 0 0 0 673 1030A15 15 0 0 0 658 1015L631,1015A15 15 0 0 0 616 1030A15 15 0 0 0 631 1045Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="645" y="1030" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ELSE</text>
<polygon points="696,1030 685,1034 685,1026" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M673,1030L691,1030"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M696,1045L746,1045L746,1015L696,1015Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="721" y="1030" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="782,1030 770,1034 770,1026" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M746,1030L776,1030"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M797,1045L818,1045A15 15 0 0 0 833 1030A15 15 0 0 0 818 1015L797,1015A15 15 0 0 0 782 1030A15 15 0 0 0 797 1045Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="807" y="1030" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">END</text>
<polygon points="916,1030 905,1034 905,1026" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M833,1030L910,1030"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,1030 L 924,1030 Q 931,1030 931,1022 L 931,1015"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,1030 33,1034 33,1026" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,1015 L 24,1022 Q 24,1030 31,1030 L 39,1030"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M104,1030 L 111,1030 Q 119,1030 119,1043 Q 119,1057 134,1057 L 186,1057 Q 201,1057 201,1043 Q 201,1030 208,1030 L 216,1030"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="360,1057 372,1053 372,1061" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M544,1030 L 551,1030 Q 559,1030 559,1043 Q 559,1057 544,1057 L 381,1057 L 366,1057"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M360,1057 L 235,1057 Q 220,1057 220,1043 Q 220,1030 227,1030 L 235,1030"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M578,1030 L 585,1030 Q 593,1030 593,1043 Q 593,1057 608,1057 L 742,1057 Q 757,1057 757,1043 Q 757,1030 765,1030 L 772,1030"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M45,1102L173,1102L173,1072L45,1072Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="109" y="1087" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">raise-function</text>
<polygon points="916,1087 905,1092 905,1083" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M173,1087L910,1087"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M916,1087 L 924,1087 Q 931,1087 931,1072 L 931,32 Q 931,17 939,17 L 946,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,1087 33,1092 33,1083" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,39 L 24,1072 Q 24,1087 31,1087 L 39,1087"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/filter-clause.html">filter-clause:</a></b>
<button id='x1721' onclick='hideorshow("x1721","x1722")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1722' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:422px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 422.381 34.56">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="32,17 20,21 20,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L26,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M47,32L93,32A15 15 0 0 0 108 17A15 15 0 0 0 93 2L47,2A15 15 0 0 0 32 17A15 15 0 0 0 47 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="70" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FILTER</text>
<polygon points="131,17 119,21 119,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M108,17L125,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M146,32L146,32A15 15 0 0 0 161 17A15 15 0 0 0 146 2L146,2A15 15 0 0 0 131 17A15 15 0 0 0 146 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="146" y="17" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="184,17 173,21 173,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M161,17L178,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M199,32L249,32A15 15 0 0 0 264 17A15 15 0 0 0 249 2L199,2A15 15 0 0 0 184 17A15 15 0 0 0 199 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="224" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">WHERE</text>
<polygon points="287,17 275,21 275,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M264,17L281,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M287,32L336,32L336,2L287,2Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="312" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="359,17 348,21 348,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M336,17L353,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M374,32A15 15 0 0 0 389 17A15 15 0 0 0 374 2A15 15 0 0 0 359 17A15 15 0 0 0 374 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="374" y="17" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="413,17 401,21 401,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M389,17L407,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="416" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/literal-value.html">literal-value:</a></b>
<button id='x1723' onclick='hideorshow("x1723","x1724")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1724' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:341px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 341.376 336.96">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,319 39,324 39,315" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,304 Q 24,319 34,319 L 45,319"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M65,334L252,334A15 15 0 0 0 267 319A15 15 0 0 0 252 304L65,304A15 15 0 0 0 50 319A15 15 0 0 0 65 334Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="159" y="319" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">CURRENT_TIMESTAMP</text>
<polygon points="290,319 278,324 278,315" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M267,319L284,319"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="332,17 320,21 320,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M290,319 L 297,319 Q 305,319 305,304 L 305,32 Q 305,17 315,17 L 326,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="335" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,32L172,32A15 15 0 0 0 187 17A15 15 0 0 0 172 2L66,2A15 15 0 0 0 50 17A15 15 0 0 0 66 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="119" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">numeric-literal</text>
<polygon points="50,17 39,21 39,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L45,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M187,17L320,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,70L153,70A15 15 0 0 0 168 55L168,55A15 15 0 0 0 153 39L66,39A15 15 0 0 0 50 55L50,55A15 15 0 0 0 66 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="109" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">string-literal</text>
<polygon points="50,55 39,59 39,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,39 L 24,47 Q 24,55 34,55 L 45,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="290,55 278,59 278,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M168,55L284,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M290,55 L 297,55 Q 305,55 305,47 L 305,40"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,108L140,108A15 15 0 0 0 155 92A15 15 0 0 0 140 77L66,77A15 15 0 0 0 50 92A15 15 0 0 0 66 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="103" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">blob-literal</text>
<polygon points="50,92 39,97 39,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,77 L 24,85 Q 24,92 34,92 L 45,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="290,92 278,97 278,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M155,92L284,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M290,92 L 297,92 Q 305,92 305,85 L 305,77"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,145L97,145A15 15 0 0 0 112 130A15 15 0 0 0 97 115L66,115A15 15 0 0 0 50 130A15 15 0 0 0 66 145Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="81" y="130" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NULL</text>
<polygon points="50,130 39,135 39,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,115 L 24,123 Q 24,130 34,130 L 45,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="290,130 278,135 278,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M112,130L284,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M290,130 L 297,130 Q 305,130 305,123 L 305,115"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,183L96,183A15 15 0 0 0 111 168A15 15 0 0 0 96 153L66,153A15 15 0 0 0 50 168A15 15 0 0 0 66 183Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="81" y="168" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">TRUE</text>
<polygon points="50,168 39,172 39,164" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,153 L 24,160 Q 24,168 34,168 L 45,168"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="290,168 278,172 278,164" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M111,168L284,168"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M290,168 L 297,168 Q 305,168 305,160 L 305,153"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,221L104,221A15 15 0 0 0 119 206A15 15 0 0 0 104 191L66,191A15 15 0 0 0 50 206A15 15 0 0 0 66 221Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="85" y="206" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FALSE</text>
<polygon points="50,206 39,210 39,201" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,191 L 24,198 Q 24,206 34,206 L 45,206"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="290,206 278,210 278,201" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M119,206L284,206"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M290,206 L 297,206 Q 305,206 305,198 L 305,191"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,259L190,259A15 15 0 0 0 205 244A15 15 0 0 0 190 228L66,228A15 15 0 0 0 50 244A15 15 0 0 0 66 259Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="128" y="244" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">CURRENT_TIME</text>
<polygon points="50,244 39,248 39,239" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,228 L 24,236 Q 24,244 34,244 L 45,244"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="290,244 278,248 278,239" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M205,244L284,244"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M290,244 L 297,244 Q 305,244 305,236 L 305,229"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,297L192,297A15 15 0 0 0 207 281A15 15 0 0 0 192 266L66,266A15 15 0 0 0 50 281A15 15 0 0 0 66 297Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="129" y="281" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">CURRENT_DATE</text>
<polygon points="50,281 39,286 39,277" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,266 L 24,274 Q 24,281 34,281 L 45,281"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="290,281 278,286 278,277" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M207,281L284,281"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M290,281 L 297,281 Q 305,281 305,274 L 305,266"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/over-clause.html">over-clause:</a></b>
<button id='x1725' onclick='hideorshow("x1725","x1726")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1726' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:600px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 600.706 418.392">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="32,17 20,21 20,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L26,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M47,32L78,32A15 15 0 0 0 93 17A15 15 0 0 0 78 2L47,2A15 15 0 0 0 32 17A15 15 0 0 0 47 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="62" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">OVER</text>
<polygon points="129,17 117,21 117,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M93,17L123,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M144,32L241,32A15 15 0 0 0 256 17A15 15 0 0 0 241 2L144,2A15 15 0 0 0 129 17A15 15 0 0 0 144 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="192" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">window-name</text>
<polygon points="134,55 123,59 123,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M93,17 L 100,17 Q 108,17 108,32 L 108,40 Q 108,55 118,55 L 129,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M149,70A15 15 0 0 0 165 55L165,55A15 15 0 0 0 149 39A15 15 0 0 0 134 55L134,55A15 15 0 0 0 149 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="149" y="55" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="206,82 195,86 195,77" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M165,55 L 172,55 Q 180,55 180,68 Q 180,82 190,82 L 200,82"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M221,97L363,97A15 15 0 0 0 378 82A15 15 0 0 0 363 67L221,67A15 15 0 0 0 206 82A15 15 0 0 0 221 97Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="292" y="82" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">base-window-name</text>
<path d="M221,173L301,173A15 15 0 0 0 316 157A15 15 0 0 0 301 142L221,142A15 15 0 0 0 206 157A15 15 0 0 0 221 173Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="261" y="157" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">PARTITION</text>
<polygon points="339,157 328,162 328,153" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M316,157L333,157"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M354,173L358,173A15 15 0 0 0 373 157A15 15 0 0 0 358 142L354,142A15 15 0 0 0 339 157A15 15 0 0 0 354 173Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="356" y="157" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">BY</text>
<polygon points="409,157 398,162 398,153" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M373,157L404,157"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M409,173L459,173L459,142L409,142Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="434" y="157" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<path d="M434,210A15 15 0 0 0 449 195A15 15 0 0 0 434 180A15 15 0 0 0 419 195A15 15 0 0 0 434 210Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="434" y="195" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="449,195 461,191 461,200" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M459,157 L 466,157 Q 474,157 474,172 L 474,180 Q 474,195 464,195 L 455,195"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M419,195 L 398,195 Q 383,195 383,180 L 383,172 Q 383,157 390,157 L 398,157"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="292,55 280,59 280,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M165,55L286,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="292,120 304,115 304,124" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M292,55 L 401,55 Q 416,55 416,70 L 416,105 Q 416,120 401,120 L 313,120 L 298,120"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="206,157 195,162 195,153" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M292,120 L 180,120 Q 165,120 165,135 L 165,142 Q 165,157 180,157 L 185,157 L 200,157"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="401,82 389,86 389,77" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M378,82L395,82"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M401,82 L 408,82 Q 416,82 416,89 L 416,97"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M221,286L266,286A15 15 0 0 0 281 271A15 15 0 0 0 266 256L221,256A15 15 0 0 0 206 271A15 15 0 0 0 221 286Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="244" y="271" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ORDER</text>
<polygon points="304,271 292,275 292,266" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M281,271L298,271"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M319,286L323,286A15 15 0 0 0 338 271A15 15 0 0 0 323 256L319,256A15 15 0 0 0 304 271A15 15 0 0 0 319 286Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="321" y="271" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">BY</text>
<polygon points="374,271 363,275 363,266" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M338,271L368,271"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M374,286L504,286L504,256L374,256Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="439" y="271" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ordering-term</text>
<path d="M439,324A15 15 0 0 0 454 309A15 15 0 0 0 439 293A15 15 0 0 0 424 309A15 15 0 0 0 439 324Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="439" y="309" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="454,309 466,304 466,313" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M504,271 L 512,271 Q 519,271 519,286 L 519,294 Q 519,309 504,309 L 475,309 L 460,309"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M424,309 L 363,309 Q 348,309 348,294 L 348,286 Q 348,271 355,271 L 363,271"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="292,233 304,229 304,237" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M459,157 L 466,157 Q 474,157 474,172 L 474,218 Q 474,233 459,233 L 313,233 L 298,233"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="206,271 195,275 195,266" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M292,233 L 180,233 Q 165,233 165,248 L 165,256 Q 165,271 180,271 L 185,271 L 200,271"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="165,195 160,184 169,184" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M165,142L165,189"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M165,195L165,256"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M206,399L311,399L311,369L206,369Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="258" y="384" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">frame-spec</text>
<polygon points="519,384 508,389 508,380" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M311,384L513,384"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M534,399A15 15 0 0 0 549 384A15 15 0 0 0 534 369A15 15 0 0 0 519 384A15 15 0 0 0 534 399Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="534" y="384" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="591,17 579,21 579,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M549,384 L 557,384 Q 564,384 564,369 L 564,32 Q 564,17 575,17 L 585,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="594" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="519,17 508,21 508,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M256,17L513,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M519,17L579,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="292,346 304,342 304,351" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M504,271 L 512,271 Q 519,271 519,286 L 519,331 Q 519,346 504,346 L 313,346 L 298,346"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="206,384 195,389 195,380" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M292,346 L 180,346 Q 165,346 165,361 L 165,369 Q 165,384 180,384 L 185,384 L 200,384"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="165,309 160,297 169,297" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M165,256L165,303"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M165,309L165,369"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="258,411 247,416 247,407" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M165,369 L 165,396 Q 165,411 180,411 L 238,411 L 253,411"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="380,384 369,389 369,380" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M258,411 L 335,411 Q 350,411 350,398 Q 350,384 362,384 L 375,384"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/frame-spec.html">frame-spec:</a></b>
<button id='x1727' onclick='hideorshow("x1727","x1728")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1728' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:1039px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 1039.65 522.72">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,92 39,97 39,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,77 Q 24,92 34,92 L 45,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,108L120,108A15 15 0 0 0 135 92A15 15 0 0 0 120 77L66,77A15 15 0 0 0 50 92A15 15 0 0 0 66 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="93" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">GROUPS</text>
<path d="M135,92 L 143,92 Q 150,92 150,77 L 150,32 Q 150,17 158,17 L 165,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="207,17 195,21 195,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M165,17L201,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M222,32L294,32A15 15 0 0 0 309 17A15 15 0 0 0 294 2L222,2A15 15 0 0 0 207 17A15 15 0 0 0 222 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="258" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">BETWEEN</text>
<polygon points="351,17 339,21 339,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M309,17L345,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M366,32L467,32A15 15 0 0 0 482 17A15 15 0 0 0 467 2L366,2A15 15 0 0 0 351 17A15 15 0 0 0 366 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="417" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">UNBOUNDED</text>
<polygon points="500,17 488,21 488,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M482,17L494,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M515,32L603,32A15 15 0 0 0 618 17A15 15 0 0 0 603 2L515,2A15 15 0 0 0 500 17A15 15 0 0 0 515 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="559" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">PRECEDING</text>
<polygon points="659,17 648,21 648,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M618,17L653,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M674,32L695,32A15 15 0 0 0 710 17A15 15 0 0 0 695 2L674,2A15 15 0 0 0 659 17A15 15 0 0 0 674 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="685" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">AND</text>
<polygon points="752,130 740,135 740,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M710,17 L 718,17 Q 725,17 725,32 L 725,115 Q 725,130 735,130 L 746,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M767,145L868,145A15 15 0 0 0 883 130A15 15 0 0 0 868 115L767,115A15 15 0 0 0 752 130A15 15 0 0 0 767 145Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="817" y="130" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">UNBOUNDED</text>
<polygon points="900,130 889,135 889,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M883,130L895,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M915,145L1007,145A15 15 0 0 0 1022 130A15 15 0 0 0 1007 115L915,115A15 15 0 0 0 900 130A15 15 0 0 0 915 145Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="961" y="130" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FOLLOWING</text>
<path d="M1022,130 L 1029,130 Q 1037,130 1037,138 L 1037,145"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,17 39,21 39,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L45,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,32L109,32A15 15 0 0 0 125 17A15 15 0 0 0 109 2L66,2A15 15 0 0 0 50 17A15 15 0 0 0 66 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="87" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">RANGE</text>
<polygon points="142,17 130,21 130,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M125,17L136,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M142,17L157,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,55 39,59 39,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,40 Q 24,55 34,55 L 45,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,70L101,70A15 15 0 0 0 116 55L116,55A15 15 0 0 0 101 39L66,39A15 15 0 0 0 50 55L50,55A15 15 0 0 0 66 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="83" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ROWS</text>
<polygon points="135,55 124,59 124,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M116,55L129,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M135,55 L 143,55 Q 150,55 150,47 L 150,40"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="207,168 195,172 195,164" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M165,17 L 173,17 Q 180,17 180,32 L 180,153 Q 180,168 190,168 L 201,168"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M222,183L323,183A15 15 0 0 0 338 168A15 15 0 0 0 323 153L222,153A15 15 0 0 0 207 168A15 15 0 0 0 222 183Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="272" y="168" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">UNBOUNDED</text>
<polygon points="361,168 350,172 350,164" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M338,168L355,168"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M376,183L464,183A15 15 0 0 0 479 168A15 15 0 0 0 464 153L376,153A15 15 0 0 0 361 168A15 15 0 0 0 376 183Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="420" y="168" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">PRECEDING</text>
<polygon points="1022,168 1010,172 1010,164" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M479,168L1016,168"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M1022,168 L 1029,168 Q 1037,168 1037,175 L 1037,183"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M207,221L256,221L256,191L207,191Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="231" y="206" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="279,206 267,210 267,201" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M256,206L273,206"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M294,221L382,221A15 15 0 0 0 397 206A15 15 0 0 0 382 191L294,191A15 15 0 0 0 279 206A15 15 0 0 0 294 221Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="338" y="206" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">PRECEDING</text>
<polygon points="1022,206 1010,210 1010,201" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M397,206L1016,206"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M1022,206 L 1029,206 Q 1037,206 1037,213 L 1037,221"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="207,206 195,210 195,201" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M180,153 L 180,191 Q 180,206 190,206 L 201,206"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M222,259L292,259A15 15 0 0 0 307 244A15 15 0 0 0 292 228L222,228A15 15 0 0 0 207 244A15 15 0 0 0 222 259Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="257" y="244" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">CURRENT</text>
<polygon points="330,244 318,248 318,239" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M307,244L324,244"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M345,259L369,259A15 15 0 0 0 384 244A15 15 0 0 0 369 228L345,228A15 15 0 0 0 330 244A15 15 0 0 0 345 259Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="357" y="244" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ROW</text>
<polygon points="1022,244 1010,248 1010,239" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M384,244L1016,244"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M1022,244 L 1029,244 Q 1037,244 1037,251 L 1037,259"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="207,244 195,248 195,239" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M180,191 L 180,229 Q 180,244 190,244 L 201,244"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M351,70L400,70L400,39L351,39Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="375" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="423,55 412,59 412,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M400,55L417,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M438,70L526,70A15 15 0 0 0 541 55A15 15 0 0 0 526 39L438,39A15 15 0 0 0 423 55A15 15 0 0 0 438 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="482" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">PRECEDING</text>
<polygon points="618,55 606,59 606,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M541,55L612,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M618,55 L 625,55 Q 633,55 633,47 L 633,40"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="351,55 339,59 339,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M309,17 L 317,17 Q 324,17 324,32 L 324,40 Q 324,55 335,55 L 345,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M366,107L436,107A15 15 0 0 0 451 92A15 15 0 0 0 436 77L366,77A15 15 0 0 0 351 92A15 15 0 0 0 366 107Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="401" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">CURRENT</text>
<polygon points="474,92 462,97 462,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M451,92L468,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M489,108L513,108A15 15 0 0 0 528 92A15 15 0 0 0 513 77L489,77A15 15 0 0 0 474 92A15 15 0 0 0 489 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="501" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ROW</text>
<polygon points="618,92 606,97 606,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M528,92L612,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M618,92 L 625,92 Q 633,92 633,85 L 633,77"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="351,92 339,97 339,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M324,39 L 324,77 Q 324,92 335,92 L 345,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M351,145L400,145L400,115L351,115Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="375" y="130" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="423,130 412,134 412,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M400,130L417,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M438,145L530,145A15 15 0 0 0 545 130A15 15 0 0 0 530 115L438,115A15 15 0 0 0 423 130A15 15 0 0 0 438 145Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="484" y="130" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FOLLOWING</text>
<polygon points="618,130 606,134 606,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M545,130L612,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M618,130 L 625,130 Q 633,130 633,115 L 633,32 Q 633,17 640,17 L 648,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="351,130 339,134 339,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M324,77 L 324,115 Q 324,130 335,130 L 345,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="752,17 740,21 740,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M710,17L746,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M752,32L801,32L801,2L752,2Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="776" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="824,17 812,21 812,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M801,17L818,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M839,32L927,32A15 15 0 0 0 942 17A15 15 0 0 0 927 2L839,2A15 15 0 0 0 824 17A15 15 0 0 0 839 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="883" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">PRECEDING</text>
<polygon points="1022,17 1010,21 1010,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M942,17L1016,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M1022,17 L 1029,17 Q 1037,17 1037,32 L 1037,289 Q 1037,304 1022,304 L 1016,304 L 1001,304"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M767,70L837,70A15 15 0 0 0 852 55A15 15 0 0 0 837 39L767,39A15 15 0 0 0 752 55A15 15 0 0 0 767 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="802" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">CURRENT</text>
<polygon points="875,55 863,59 863,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M852,55L869,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M890,70L914,70A15 15 0 0 0 929 55A15 15 0 0 0 914 39L890,39A15 15 0 0 0 875 55A15 15 0 0 0 890 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="902" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ROW</text>
<polygon points="1022,55 1010,59 1010,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M929,55L1016,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M1022,55 L 1029,55 Q 1037,55 1037,62 L 1037,70"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="752,55 740,59 740,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M710,17 L 718,17 Q 725,17 725,32 L 725,40 Q 725,55 735,55 L 746,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M752,107L801,107L801,77L752,77Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="776" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="824,92 812,97 812,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M801,92L818,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M839,108L930,108A15 15 0 0 0 945 92A15 15 0 0 0 930 77L839,77A15 15 0 0 0 824 92A15 15 0 0 0 839 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="885" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FOLLOWING</text>
<polygon points="1022,92 1010,97 1010,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M945,92L1016,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M1022,92 L 1029,92 Q 1037,92 1037,100 L 1037,107"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="752,92 740,97 740,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M725,39 L 725,77 Q 725,92 735,92 L 746,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M461,410L529,410A15 15 0 0 0 544 395A15 15 0 0 0 529 380L461,380A15 15 0 0 0 446 395A15 15 0 0 0 461 410Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="495" y="395" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">EXCLUDE</text>
<polygon points="567,395 555,399 555,390" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M544,395L561,395"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M582,410L652,410A15 15 0 0 0 667 395A15 15 0 0 0 652 380L582,380A15 15 0 0 0 567 395A15 15 0 0 0 582 410Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="617" y="395" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">CURRENT</text>
<polygon points="690,395 678,399 678,390" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M667,395L684,395"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M705,410L729,410A15 15 0 0 0 744 395A15 15 0 0 0 729 380L705,380A15 15 0 0 0 690 395A15 15 0 0 0 705 410Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="717" y="395" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ROW</text>
<polygon points="767,395 756,399 756,390" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M744,395L762,395"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M767,395 L 775,395 Q 782,395 782,402 L 782,410"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M461,448L529,448A15 15 0 0 0 544 433A15 15 0 0 0 529 417L461,417A15 15 0 0 0 446 433A15 15 0 0 0 461 448Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="495" y="433" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">EXCLUDE</text>
<polygon points="567,433 555,437 555,428" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M544,433L561,433"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M582,448L625,448A15 15 0 0 0 640 433A15 15 0 0 0 625 417L582,417A15 15 0 0 0 567 433A15 15 0 0 0 582 448Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="604" y="433" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">GROUP</text>
<polygon points="767,433 756,437 756,428" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M640,433L762,433"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M767,433 L 775,433 Q 782,433 782,440 L 782,448"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M461,486L529,486A15 15 0 0 0 544 470A15 15 0 0 0 529 455L461,455A15 15 0 0 0 446 470A15 15 0 0 0 461 486Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="495" y="470" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">EXCLUDE</text>
<polygon points="567,470 555,475 555,466" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M544,470L561,470"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M582,486L604,486A15 15 0 0 0 619 470A15 15 0 0 0 604 455L582,455A15 15 0 0 0 567 470A15 15 0 0 0 582 486Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="593" y="470" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">TIES</text>
<polygon points="767,470 756,475 756,466" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M619,470L762,470"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M767,470 L 775,470 Q 782,470 782,478 L 782,485"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M461,372L529,372A15 15 0 0 0 544 357A15 15 0 0 0 529 342L461,342A15 15 0 0 0 446 357A15 15 0 0 0 461 372Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="495" y="357" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">EXCLUDE</text>
<polygon points="567,357 555,361 555,353" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M544,357L561,357"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M582,372L591,372A15 15 0 0 0 606 357A15 15 0 0 0 591 342L582,342A15 15 0 0 0 567 357A15 15 0 0 0 582 372Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="586" y="357" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NO</text>
<polygon points="629,357 617,361 617,353" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M606,357L623,357"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M644,372L700,372A15 15 0 0 0 715 357A15 15 0 0 0 700 342L644,342A15 15 0 0 0 629 357A15 15 0 0 0 644 372Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="672" y="357" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">OTHERS</text>
<polygon points="767,357 756,361 756,353" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M715,357L762,357"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="890,516 879,520 879,511" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M767,357 L 775,357 Q 782,357 782,372 L 782,501 Q 782,516 797,516 L 870,516 L 885,516"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="894" cy="516" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="710,304 722,300 722,308" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M1001,304L716,304"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="527,516 516,520 516,511" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M710,304 L 434,304 Q 419,304 419,319 L 419,501 Q 419,516 434,516 L 507,516 L 522,516"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M527,516L797,516"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="446,357 434,361 434,353" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M419,342 L 419,349 Q 419,357 430,357 L 440,357"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="446,395 434,399 434,390" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M419,380 L 419,387 Q 419,395 430,395 L 440,395"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="446,433 434,437 434,428" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M419,417 L 419,425 Q 419,433 430,433 L 440,433"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="446,470 434,475 434,466" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M419,455 L 419,463 Q 419,470 430,470 L 440,470"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/ordering-term.html">ordering-term:</a></b>
<button id='x1729' onclick='hideorshow("x1729","x1730")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1730' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:798px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 798.451 99.576">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="32,17 20,21 20,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L26,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M32,32L81,32L81,2L32,2Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="56" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="111,44 100,48 100,40" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M81,17 L 89,17 Q 96,17 96,30 Q 96,44 101,44 L 105,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M126,59L190,59A15 15 0 0 0 205 44L205,44A15 15 0 0 0 190 29L126,29A15 15 0 0 0 111 44L111,44A15 15 0 0 0 126 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="158" y="44" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">COLLATE</text>
<polygon points="228,44 217,48 217,40" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M205,44L223,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M244,59L349,59A15 15 0 0 0 364 44L364,44A15 15 0 0 0 349 29L244,29A15 15 0 0 0 228 44L228,44A15 15 0 0 0 244 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="296" y="44" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">collation-name</text>
<polygon points="406,17 394,21 394,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M364,44 L 372,44 Q 379,44 379,30 Q 379,17 389,17 L 400,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="243,17 232,21 232,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M81,17L238,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M243,17L394,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="447,82 436,86 436,77" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M406,17 L 413,17 Q 421,17 421,32 L 421,67 Q 421,82 431,82 L 441,82"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M462,97L492,97A15 15 0 0 0 508 82A15 15 0 0 0 492 67L462,67A15 15 0 0 0 447 82A15 15 0 0 0 462 97Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="477" y="82" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">DESC</text>
<polygon points="549,17 538,21 538,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M508,82 L 515,82 Q 523,82 523,67 L 523,32 Q 523,17 533,17 L 543,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M462,59L479,59A15 15 0 0 0 494 44L494,44A15 15 0 0 0 479 29L462,29A15 15 0 0 0 447 44L447,44A15 15 0 0 0 462 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="471" y="44" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ASC</text>
<polygon points="447,44 436,48 436,40" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M421,29 L 421,36 Q 421,44 431,44 L 441,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M494,44 L 508,44 Q 523,44 523,36 L 523,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="477,17 466,21 466,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M406,17L472,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M477,17L538,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="591,44 579,48 579,40" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M549,17 L 557,17 Q 564,17 564,30 Q 564,44 574,44 L 585,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M606,59L648,59A15 15 0 0 0 663 44L663,44A15 15 0 0 0 648 29L606,29A15 15 0 0 0 591 44L591,44A15 15 0 0 0 606 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="627" y="44" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NULLS</text>
<polygon points="686,44 674,48 674,40" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M663,44L680,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M701,59L735,59A15 15 0 0 0 750 44L750,44A15 15 0 0 0 735 29L701,29A15 15 0 0 0 686 44L686,44A15 15 0 0 0 701 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="718" y="44" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FIRST</text>
<polygon points="791,17 780,21 780,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M750,44 L 757,44 Q 765,44 765,30 Q 765,17 775,17 L 786,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M606,97L648,97A15 15 0 0 0 663 82A15 15 0 0 0 648 67L606,67A15 15 0 0 0 591 82A15 15 0 0 0 606 97Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="627" y="82" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NULLS</text>
<polygon points="686,82 674,86 674,77" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M663,82L680,82"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M701,97L727,97A15 15 0 0 0 742 82A15 15 0 0 0 727 67L701,67A15 15 0 0 0 686 82A15 15 0 0 0 701 97Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="714" y="82" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">LAST</text>
<polygon points="591,82 579,86 579,77" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M564,29 L 564,67 Q 564,82 574,82 L 585,82"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M742,82 L 754,82 Q 765,82 765,67 L 765,44 L 765,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="670,17 659,21 659,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M549,17L665,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M670,17L780,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/raise-function.html">raise-function:</a></b>
<button id='x1731' onclick='hideorshow("x1731","x1732")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1732' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:627px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 627.302 147.96">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="32,17 20,21 20,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L26,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M47,32L82,32A15 15 0 0 0 97 17A15 15 0 0 0 82 2L47,2A15 15 0 0 0 32 17A15 15 0 0 0 47 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="65" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">RAISE</text>
<polygon points="120,17 109,21 109,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M97,17L114,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M135,32L135,32A15 15 0 0 0 150 17A15 15 0 0 0 135 2L135,2A15 15 0 0 0 120 17A15 15 0 0 0 135 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="135" y="17" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="192,55 180,59 180,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M150,17 L 158,17 Q 165,17 165,32 L 165,40 Q 165,55 176,55 L 186,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M207,70L285,70A15 15 0 0 0 300 55L300,55A15 15 0 0 0 285 39L207,39A15 15 0 0 0 192 55L192,55A15 15 0 0 0 207 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="246" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ROLLBACK</text>
<polygon points="336,55 324,59 324,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M300,55L330,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M351,70A15 15 0 0 0 366 55L366,55A15 15 0 0 0 351 39A15 15 0 0 0 336 55L336,55A15 15 0 0 0 351 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="351" y="55" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="389,55 378,59 378,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M366,55L383,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M404,70L508,70A15 15 0 0 0 523 55L523,55A15 15 0 0 0 508 39L404,39A15 15 0 0 0 389 55L389,55A15 15 0 0 0 404 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="456" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">error-message</text>
<polygon points="564,17 553,21 553,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M523,55 L 530,55 Q 538,55 538,40 L 538,32 Q 538,17 548,17 L 558,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M579,32A15 15 0 0 0 594 17A15 15 0 0 0 579 2A15 15 0 0 0 564 17A15 15 0 0 0 579 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="579" y="17" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="617,17 606,21 606,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M594,17L612,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="621" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="192,17 180,21 180,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M150,17L186,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M207,32L259,32A15 15 0 0 0 274 17A15 15 0 0 0 259 2L207,2A15 15 0 0 0 192 17A15 15 0 0 0 207 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="233" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">IGNORE</text>
<polygon points="456,17 444,21 444,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M274,17L450,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M456,17L553,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M207,108L249,108A15 15 0 0 0 264 92A15 15 0 0 0 249 77L207,77A15 15 0 0 0 192 92A15 15 0 0 0 207 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="228" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ABORT</text>
<polygon points="300,92 288,97 288,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M264,92L294,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M300,92 L 307,92 Q 315,92 315,77 L 315,70 Q 315,55 322,55 L 330,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M207,145L229,145A15 15 0 0 0 244 130A15 15 0 0 0 229 115L207,115A15 15 0 0 0 192 130A15 15 0 0 0 207 145Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="218" y="130" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FAIL</text>
<polygon points="300,130 288,135 288,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M244,130L294,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M300,130 L 307,130 Q 315,130 315,115 L 315,92 L 315,77"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="192,130 180,135 180,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M165,39 L 165,115 Q 165,130 176,130 L 186,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="192,92 180,97 180,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M165,77 L 165,85 Q 165,92 176,92 L 186,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/select-stmt.html">select-stmt:</a></b>
<button id='x1733' onclick='hideorshow("x1733","x1734")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1734' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:669px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 669.677 1162.3">
<path d="M55,845L667,845L667,99L55,99Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:3.24;stroke:rgb(211,211,211);" />
<circle cx="6" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="46,17 34,21 34,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M10,17L40,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M61,32L92,32A15 15 0 0 0 107 17A15 15 0 0 0 92 2L61,2A15 15 0 0 0 46 17A15 15 0 0 0 61 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="76" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">WITH</text>
<path d="M167,62L253,62A15 15 0 0 0 268 47L268,47A15 15 0 0 0 253 32L167,32A15 15 0 0 0 152 47L152,47A15 15 0 0 0 167 62Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="210" y="47" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">RECURSIVE</text>
<polygon points="210,17 198,21 198,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M107,17L204,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="358,17 346,21 346,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M210,17L352,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M358,32L584,32L584,2L358,2Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="471" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">common-table-expression</text>
<polygon points="152,47 140,51 140,43" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M107,17 L 114,17 Q 122,17 122,32 L 122,32 Q 122,47 134,47 L 146,47"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="291,47 279,51 279,43" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M268,47L285,47"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M291,47 L 298,47 Q 306,47 306,32 L 306,32 Q 306,17 321,17 L 331,17 L 346,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M471,70A15 15 0 0 0 486 55L486,55A15 15 0 0 0 471 39A15 15 0 0 0 456 55L456,55A15 15 0 0 0 471 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="471" y="55" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="486,55 498,50 498,59" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M584,17 L 592,17 Q 599,17 599,32 L 599,40 Q 599,55 584,55 L 507,55 L 492,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M456,55 L 350,55 Q 335,55 335,40 L 335,32 Q 335,17 340,17 L 346,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="295,83 307,79 307,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M584,17 L 592,17 Q 599,17 599,32 L 599,68 Q 599,83 584,83 L 316,83 L 301,83"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M295,83 L 40,83 Q 25,83 25,98 L 25,113"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="25,47 20,36 29,36" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M10,17 L 17,17 Q 25,17 25,29 L 25,41"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="55,129 43,133 43,124" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M25,47 L 25,114 Q 25,129 37,129 L 49,129"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="127,129 115,133 115,124" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M55,129L121,129"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M142,144L193,144A15 15 0 0 0 208 129A15 15 0 0 0 193 114L142,114A15 15 0 0 0 127 129A15 15 0 0 0 142 144Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="167" y="129" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">SELECT</text>
<polygon points="250,159 238,163 238,155" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M208,129 L 216,129 Q 223,129 223,144 L 223,144 Q 223,159 233,159 L 244,159"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M265,174L333,174A15 15 0 0 0 348 159A15 15 0 0 0 333 144L265,144A15 15 0 0 0 250 159A15 15 0 0 0 265 174Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="299" y="159" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">DISTINCT</text>
<polygon points="417,129 406,133 406,124" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M348,159 L 356,159 Q 363,159 363,144 L 363,144 Q 363,129 378,129 L 396,129 L 411,129"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M417,144L545,144L545,114L417,114Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="481" y="129" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">result-column</text>
<path d="M481,182A15 15 0 0 0 496 166A15 15 0 0 0 481 151A15 15 0 0 0 466 166A15 15 0 0 0 481 182Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="481" y="166" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="496,166 508,162 508,171" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M545,129 L 552,129 Q 560,129 560,144 L 560,151 Q 560,166 545,166 L 517,166 L 502,166"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M466,166 L 406,166 Q 391,166 391,151 L 391,144 Q 391,129 398,129 L 406,129"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="299,129 287,133 287,124" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M208,129L293,129"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M299,129L406,129"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M265,212L280,212A15 15 0 0 0 295 197A15 15 0 0 0 280 182L265,182A15 15 0 0 0 250 197A15 15 0 0 0 265 212Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="272" y="197" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ALL</text>
<polygon points="348,197 337,201 337,192" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M295,197L342,197"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M348,197 L 356,197 Q 363,197 363,182 L 363,159 L 363,144"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="250,197 238,201 238,192" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M208,129 L 216,129 Q 223,129 223,144 L 223,182 Q 223,197 233,197 L 244,197"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M168,287L203,287A15 15 0 0 0 218 272A15 15 0 0 0 203 257L168,257A15 15 0 0 0 153 272A15 15 0 0 0 168 287Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="186" y="272" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FROM</text>
<polygon points="290,272 279,277 279,268" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M218,272L284,272"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M290,287L451,287L451,257L290,257Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="371" y="272" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">table-or-subquery</text>
<path d="M320,362L422,362L422,331L320,331Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="371" y="346" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">join-clause</text>
<path d="M371,324A15 15 0 0 0 386 309A15 15 0 0 0 371 293A15 15 0 0 0 356 309A15 15 0 0 0 371 324Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="371" y="309" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="386,309 397,304 397,313" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M451,272 L 459,272 Q 466,272 466,287 L 466,294 Q 466,309 451,309 L 407,309 L 392,309"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M356,309 L 279,309 Q 264,309 264,294 L 264,287 Q 264,272 271,272 L 279,272"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="320,346 308,351 308,342" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M218,272 L 226,272 Q 233,272 233,287 L 233,331 Q 233,346 248,346 L 299,346 L 314,346"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="484,313 488,325 480,325" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M422,346 L 436,346 Q 451,346 466,346 L 469,346 Q 484,346 484,333 L 484,319"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="505,272 494,277 494,268" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M484,313 L 484,287 Q 484,272 492,272 L 499,272"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M505,272 L 496,272 Q 487,272 487,272 Q 487,272 495,272 L 502,272"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="560,197 555,185 564,185" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M545,129 L 552,129 Q 560,129 560,144 L 560,176 L 560,191"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="348,235 360,230 360,239" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M560,197 L 560,220 Q 560,235 545,235 L 369,235 L 354,235"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="153,272 142,277 142,268" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M348,235 L 142,235 Q 127,235 127,250 L 127,257 Q 127,272 137,272 L 147,272"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M168,437L218,437A15 15 0 0 0 233 422A15 15 0 0 0 218 407L168,407A15 15 0 0 0 153 422A15 15 0 0 0 168 437Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="193" y="422" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">WHERE</text>
<polygon points="256,422 244,426 244,418" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M233,422L250,422"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M256,437L305,437L305,407L256,407Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="280" y="422" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="517,324 513,312 521,312" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M451,272 L 502,272 Q 517,272 517,287 L 517,303 L 517,318"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="371,384 382,380 382,389" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M517,324 L 517,369 Q 517,384 502,384 L 391,384 L 376,384"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="153,422 142,426 142,418" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M371,384 L 142,384 Q 127,384 127,399 L 127,407 Q 127,422 137,422 L 147,422"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="127,324 122,312 131,312" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M127,257L127,318"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M127,324L127,407"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M168,535L212,535A15 15 0 0 0 227 520A15 15 0 0 0 212 505L168,505A15 15 0 0 0 153 520A15 15 0 0 0 168 535Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="190" y="520" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">GROUP</text>
<polygon points="250,520 238,525 238,516" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M227,520L244,520"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M265,535L269,535A15 15 0 0 0 284 520A15 15 0 0 0 269 505L265,505A15 15 0 0 0 250 520A15 15 0 0 0 265 535Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="267" y="520" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">BY</text>
<polygon points="320,520 309,525 309,516" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M284,520L314,520"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M320,535L369,535L369,505L320,505Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="345" y="520" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="452,520 441,525 441,516" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M369,520L446,520"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M467,535L520,535A15 15 0 0 0 535 520A15 15 0 0 0 520 505L467,505A15 15 0 0 0 452 520A15 15 0 0 0 467 535Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="493" y="520" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">HAVING</text>
<polygon points="558,520 546,525 546,516" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M535,520L552,520"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M558,535L607,535L607,505L558,505Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="582" y="520" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<path d="M345,573A15 15 0 0 0 360 558A15 15 0 0 0 345 543A15 15 0 0 0 330 558A15 15 0 0 0 345 573Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="345" y="558" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="360,558 371,554 371,562" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M369,520 L 377,520 Q 384,520 384,535 L 384,543 Q 384,558 375,558 L 366,558"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M330,558 L 309,558 Q 294,558 294,543 L 294,535 Q 294,520 301,520 L 309,520"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="514,551 503,555 503,546" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M411,520 L 418,520 Q 426,520 426,535 L 426,536 Q 426,551 441,551 L 493,551 L 508,551"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M514,551 L 607,551 Q 622,551 622,536 L 622,535 Q 622,520 630,520 L 637,520"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="267,490 256,494 256,486" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M127,460 L 127,475 Q 127,490 142,490 L 246,490 L 261,490"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="411,520 399,525 399,516" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M267,490 L 369,490 Q 384,490 384,505 L 384,505 Q 384,520 395,520 L 405,520"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="233,460 244,455 244,464" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M305,422 L 313,422 Q 320,422 320,437 L 320,445 Q 320,460 305,460 L 254,460 L 239,460"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="153,520 142,525 142,516" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M233,460 L 142,460 Q 127,460 127,475 L 127,505 Q 127,520 137,520 L 147,520"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="127,447 122,435 131,435" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M127,407L127,441"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M127,447L127,505"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M168,649L232,649A15 15 0 0 0 247 634A15 15 0 0 0 232 619L168,619A15 15 0 0 0 153 634A15 15 0 0 0 168 649Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="200" y="634" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">WINDOW</text>
<polygon points="283,634 271,638 271,629" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M247,634L277,634"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M298,649L395,649A15 15 0 0 0 410 634A15 15 0 0 0 395 619L298,619A15 15 0 0 0 283 634A15 15 0 0 0 298 649Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="346" y="634" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">window-name</text>
<polygon points="433,634 422,638 422,629" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M410,634L427,634"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M448,649L452,649A15 15 0 0 0 467 634A15 15 0 0 0 452 619L448,619A15 15 0 0 0 433 634A15 15 0 0 0 448 649Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="450" y="634" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">AS</text>
<polygon points="490,634 479,638 479,629" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M467,634L485,634"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M490,649L609,649L609,619L490,619Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="550" y="634" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">window-defn</text>
<path d="M446,687A15 15 0 0 0 461 671A15 15 0 0 0 446 656A15 15 0 0 0 431 671A15 15 0 0 0 446 687Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="446" y="671" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="461,671 472,667 472,676" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M609,634 L 616,634 Q 624,634 624,649 L 624,656 Q 624,671 609,671 L 482,671 L 467,671"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M431,671 L 271,671 Q 256,671 256,656 L 256,649 Q 256,634 264,634 L 271,634"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="624,692 619,680 628,680" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M624,656L624,686"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="652,558 648,547 656,547" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M607,520 L 637,520 Q 652,520 652,535 L 652,537 L 652,552"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="371,596 382,592 382,600" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M652,558 L 652,581 Q 652,596 637,596 L 391,596 L 376,596"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="153,634 142,638 142,629" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M371,596 L 142,596 Q 127,596 127,611 L 127,619 Q 127,634 137,634 L 147,634"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="127,558 122,547 131,547" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M127,505L127,552"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="371,709 359,714 359,705" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M127,558 L 127,694 Q 127,709 142,709 L 350,709 L 365,709"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="609,709 597,714 597,705" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M371,709L603,709"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M609,709 L 616,709 Q 624,709 624,717 L 624,724"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M142,800L194,800A15 15 0 0 0 209 785A15 15 0 0 0 194 770L142,770A15 15 0 0 0 127 785A15 15 0 0 0 142 800Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="168" y="785" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">VALUES</text>
<polygon points="245,785 234,789 234,781" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M209,785L239,785"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M260,800A15 15 0 0 0 275 785A15 15 0 0 0 260 770A15 15 0 0 0 245 785A15 15 0 0 0 260 800Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="260" y="785" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="311,785 300,789 300,781" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M275,785L306,785"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M311,800L361,800L361,770L311,770Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="336" y="785" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="397,785 385,789 385,781" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M361,785L391,785"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M412,800A15 15 0 0 0 427 785A15 15 0 0 0 412 770A15 15 0 0 0 397 785A15 15 0 0 0 412 800Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="412" y="785" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="609,785 597,789 597,781" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M427,785L603,785"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M609,785 L 616,785 Q 624,785 624,792 L 624,800"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M336,762A15 15 0 0 0 351 747A15 15 0 0 0 336 732A15 15 0 0 0 321 747A15 15 0 0 0 336 762Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="336" y="747" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<path d="M336,838A15 15 0 0 0 351 823A15 15 0 0 0 336 808A15 15 0 0 0 321 823A15 15 0 0 0 336 838Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="336" y="823" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="351,747 363,743 363,751" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M361,785 L 368,785 Q 376,785 376,770 L 376,762 Q 376,747 366,747 L 357,747"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M321,747 L 300,747 Q 285,747 285,762 L 285,770 Q 285,785 292,785 L 300,785"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="351,823 363,818 363,827" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M427,785 L 434,785 Q 442,785 442,800 L 442,808 Q 442,823 427,823 L 372,823 L 357,823"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M321,823 L 234,823 Q 219,823 219,808 L 219,800 Q 219,785 226,785 L 234,785"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="127,785 115,789 115,781" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M55,129 L 62,129 Q 70,129 70,144 L 70,770 Q 70,785 85,785 L 106,785 L 121,785"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M248,891L424,891L424,860L248,860Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="336" y="876" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">compound-operator</text>
<polygon points="424,876 436,871 436,880" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M624,692 L 624,861 Q 624,876 609,876 L 445,876 L 430,876"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="6,197 10,208 2,208" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M248,876 L 21,876 Q 6,876 6,861 L 6,217 L 6,202"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M6,197 L 6,144 Q 6,129 21,129 L 40,129 L 55,129"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="667" y="275" text-anchor="middle" font-style="italic" fill="rgb(128,128,128)" transform="rotate(-90 667,285)" dominant-baseline="central">select-core</text>
<path d="M168,966L213,966A15 15 0 0 0 228 951A15 15 0 0 0 213 936L168,936A15 15 0 0 0 153 951A15 15 0 0 0 168 966Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="190" y="951" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ORDER</text>
<polygon points="251,951 239,956 239,947" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M228,951L245,951"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M266,966L270,966A15 15 0 0 0 285 951A15 15 0 0 0 270 936L266,936A15 15 0 0 0 251 951A15 15 0 0 0 266 966Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="268" y="951" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">BY</text>
<path d="M168,1072L202,1072A15 15 0 0 0 217 1057A15 15 0 0 0 202 1042L168,1042A15 15 0 0 0 153 1057A15 15 0 0 0 168 1072Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="185" y="1057" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">LIMIT</text>
<polygon points="240,1057 228,1061 228,1053" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M217,1057L234,1057"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M240,1072L289,1072L289,1042L240,1042Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="264" y="1057" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="330,951 319,956 319,947" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M285,951L324,951"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M330,966L460,966L460,936L330,936Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="395" y="951" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ordering-term</text>
<path d="M395,1004A15 15 0 0 0 410 989A15 15 0 0 0 395 974A15 15 0 0 0 380 989A15 15 0 0 0 395 1004Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="395" y="989" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="410,989 422,985 422,993" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M460,951 L 468,951 Q 475,951 475,966 L 475,974 Q 475,989 460,989 L 431,989 L 416,989"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M380,989 L 322,989 Q 307,989 307,974 L 307,966 Q 307,951 313,951 L 319,951"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="336,913 348,909 348,918" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M624,860 L 624,898 Q 624,913 609,913 L 357,913 L 342,913"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="153,951 142,956 142,947" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M336,913 L 142,913 Q 127,913 127,928 L 127,936 Q 127,951 137,951 L 147,951"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="496,981 492,970 500,970" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M460,951 L 481,951 Q 496,951 496,963 L 496,976"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="307,1023 318,1019 318,1027" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M496,981 L 496,1008 Q 496,1023 481,1023 L 327,1023 L 312,1023"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="153,1057 142,1061 142,1053" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M307,1023 L 142,1023 Q 127,1023 127,1038 L 127,1042 Q 127,1057 137,1057 L 147,1057"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="127,989 122,978 131,978" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M127,936L127,983"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M127,989L127,1042"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M363,1102L415,1102A15 15 0 0 0 430 1087A15 15 0 0 0 415 1072L363,1072A15 15 0 0 0 348 1087A15 15 0 0 0 363 1102Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="389" y="1087" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">OFFSET</text>
<polygon points="453,1087 441,1092 441,1083" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M430,1087L447,1087"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M453,1102L502,1102L502,1072L453,1072Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="477" y="1087" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="525,1087 513,1092 513,1083" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M502,1087L519,1087"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M363,1140A15 15 0 0 0 378 1125A15 15 0 0 0 363 1110A15 15 0 0 0 348 1125A15 15 0 0 0 363 1140Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="363" y="1125" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="401,1125 390,1129 390,1121" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M378,1125L396,1125"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M401,1140L451,1140L451,1110L401,1110Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="426" y="1125" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="312,1057 301,1061 301,1053" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M289,1057L306,1057"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="348,1125 337,1129 337,1121" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M312,1057 L 320,1057 Q 327,1057 327,1072 L 327,1110 Q 327,1125 335,1125 L 342,1125"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="348,1087 337,1092 337,1083" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M312,1057 L 320,1057 Q 327,1057 327,1072 L 327,1072 Q 327,1087 335,1087 L 342,1087"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="525,1057 513,1061 513,1053" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M312,1057L519,1057"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="620,1155 609,1160 609,1151" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M525,1057 L 546,1057 Q 561,1057 561,1072 L 561,1140 Q 561,1155 576,1155 L 599,1155 L 614,1155"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="624" cy="1155" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M525,1087 L 546,1087 Q 561,1087 561,1095 L 561,1102"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="525,1125 513,1129 513,1121" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M451,1125L519,1125"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M525,1125 L 546,1125 Q 561,1125 561,1133 L 561,1140"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="525,1155 513,1160 513,1151" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M127,1042 L 127,1140 Q 127,1155 142,1155 L 504,1155 L 519,1155"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M525,1155L597,1155"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/common-table-expression.html">common-table-expression:</a></b>
<button id='x1735' onclick='hideorshow("x1735","x1736")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1736' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:638px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 638.525 167.4">
<circle cx="5" cy="29" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="32,29 20,33 20,24" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,29L26,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M47,44L122,44A15 15 0 0 0 137 29A15 15 0 0 0 122 14L47,14A15 15 0 0 0 32 29A15 15 0 0 0 47 44Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="85" y="29" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">table-name</text>
<polygon points="160,29 149,33 149,24" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M137,29L155,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="196,29 185,33 185,24" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M160,29L191,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M211,44A15 15 0 0 0 227 29A15 15 0 0 0 211 14A15 15 0 0 0 196 29A15 15 0 0 0 211 44Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="211" y="29" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="250,29 238,33 238,24" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M227,29L244,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="286,29 274,33 274,24" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M250,29L280,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M301,44L395,44A15 15 0 0 0 410 29A15 15 0 0 0 395 14L301,14A15 15 0 0 0 286 29A15 15 0 0 0 301 44Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="348" y="29" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">column-name</text>
<polygon points="446,29 434,33 434,24" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M410,29L440,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M461,44A15 15 0 0 0 476 29A15 15 0 0 0 461 14A15 15 0 0 0 446 29A15 15 0 0 0 461 44Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="461" y="29" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="511,29 499,33 499,24" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M476,29L505,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M47,165L51,165A15 15 0 0 0 66 150A15 15 0 0 0 51 135L47,135A15 15 0 0 0 32 150A15 15 0 0 0 47 165Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="49" y="150" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">AS</text>
<path d="M127,135L147,135A15 15 0 0 0 162 119A15 15 0 0 0 147 104L127,104A15 15 0 0 0 112 119A15 15 0 0 0 127 135Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="137" y="119" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NOT</text>
<path d="M219,135L337,135A15 15 0 0 0 352 119A15 15 0 0 0 337 104L219,104A15 15 0 0 0 204 119A15 15 0 0 0 219 135Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="278" y="119" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">MATERIALIZED</text>
<path d="M162,119L204,119"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M410,165A15 15 0 0 0 425 150A15 15 0 0 0 410 135A15 15 0 0 0 395 150A15 15 0 0 0 410 165Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="410" y="150" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="448,150 437,154 437,145" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M425,150L442,150"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M448,165L552,165L552,135L448,135Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="500" y="150" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">select-stmt</text>
<polygon points="575,150 564,154 564,145" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M552,150L570,150"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M591,165A15 15 0 0 0 606 150A15 15 0 0 0 591 135A15 15 0 0 0 575 150A15 15 0 0 0 591 165Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="591" y="150" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="629,150 617,154 617,145" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M606,150L623,150"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="632" cy="150" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M348,82A15 15 0 0 0 363 66A15 15 0 0 0 348 51A15 15 0 0 0 333 66A15 15 0 0 0 348 82Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="348" y="66" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="363,66 374,62 374,71" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M410,29 L 417,29 Q 425,29 425,44 L 425,51 Q 425,66 410,66 L 384,66 L 369,66"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M333,66 L 278,66 Q 263,66 263,51 L 263,44 Q 263,29 270,29 L 278,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="66,93 78,89 78,97" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M511,29 L 516,29 Q 522,29 522,44 L 522,78 Q 522,93 507,93 L 87,93 L 72,93"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="32,150 20,154 20,145" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M66,93 L 30,93 Q 15,93 15,108 L 15,135 Q 15,150 20,150 L 26,150"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="85,150 73,154 73,145" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M66,150L79,150"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="112,119 101,124 101,115" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M85,150 L 89,150 Q 92,150 92,135 L 92,134 Q 92,119 99,119 L 106,119"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="204,119 192,124 192,115" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M66,150 L 147,150 Q 162,150 170,150 Q 177,150 177,135 L 177,134 Q 177,119 188,119 L 198,119"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="395,150 383,154 383,145" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M352,119 L 360,119 Q 367,119 367,134 L 367,135 Q 367,150 378,150 L 389,150"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,150L395,150"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="348,6 336,10 336,2" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M160,29 L 168,29 Q 175,29 175,17 Q 175,6 190,6 L 327,6 L 342,6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M348,6 L 473,6 Q 488,6 488,17 Q 488,29 495,29 L 503,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/compound-operator.html">compound-operator:</a></b>
<button id='x1737' onclick='hideorshow("x1737","x1738")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1738' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:293px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 293.842 147.96">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="32,17 20,21 20,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L26,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="68,17 56,21 56,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M32,17L62,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M83,32L127,32A15 15 0 0 0 142 17A15 15 0 0 0 127 2L83,2A15 15 0 0 0 68 17A15 15 0 0 0 83 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="105" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">UNION</text>
<path d="M83,70L127,70A15 15 0 0 0 142 55L142,55A15 15 0 0 0 127 39L83,39A15 15 0 0 0 68 55L68,55A15 15 0 0 0 83 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="105" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">UNION</text>
<path d="M83,108L168,108A15 15 0 0 0 183 92A15 15 0 0 0 168 77L83,77A15 15 0 0 0 68 92A15 15 0 0 0 83 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="125" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">INTERSECT</text>
<path d="M83,145L135,145A15 15 0 0 0 150 130A15 15 0 0 0 135 115L83,115A15 15 0 0 0 68 130A15 15 0 0 0 83 145Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="109" y="130" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">EXCEPT</text>
<polygon points="165,55 153,59 153,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M142,55L159,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M180,70L195,70A15 15 0 0 0 210 55L210,55A15 15 0 0 0 195 39L180,39A15 15 0 0 0 165 55L165,55A15 15 0 0 0 180 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="187" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ALL</text>
<polygon points="233,55 221,59 221,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M210,55L227,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="284,17 272,21 272,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M233,55 L 240,55 Q 248,55 248,40 L 248,32 Q 248,17 263,17 L 263,17 L 278,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="288" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="68,55 56,59 56,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M32,17 L 39,17 Q 47,17 47,32 L 47,40 Q 47,55 55,55 L 62,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M142,17L276,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="68,92 56,97 56,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M47,39 L 47,77 Q 47,92 55,92 L 62,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="233,92 221,97 221,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M183,92L227,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M233,92 L 240,92 Q 248,92 248,77 L 248,54 L 248,39"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="68,130 56,135 56,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M47,77 L 47,115 Q 47,130 55,130 L 62,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="233,130 221,135 221,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M150,130L227,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M233,130 L 240,130 Q 248,130 248,115 L 248,92 L 248,77"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/join-clause.html">join-clause:</a></b>
<button id='x1739' onclick='hideorshow("x1739","x1740")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1740' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:793px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 793.282 84.24">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="32,17 20,21 20,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L26,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M32,32L193,32L193,2L32,2Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="112" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">table-or-subquery</text>
<polygon points="259,47 247,51 247,43" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M193,17 L 200,17 Q 208,17 208,32 L 208,32 Q 208,47 223,47 L 238,47 L 253,47"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M259,62L380,62L380,32L259,32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="319" y="47" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">join-operator</text>
<polygon points="403,47 391,51 391,43" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M380,47L397,47"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M403,62L564,62L564,32L403,32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="483" y="47" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">table-or-subquery</text>
<polygon points="587,47 575,51 575,43" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M564,47L581,47"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M587,62L721,62L721,32L587,32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="654" y="47" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">join-constraint</text>
<polygon points="783,17 772,21 772,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M721,47 L 742,47 Q 757,47 757,32 L 757,32 Q 757,17 767,17 L 778,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="787" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="483,17 472,21 472,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M193,17L478,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M483,17L776,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="483,77 495,73 495,82" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M721,47 L 728,47 Q 736,47 736,62 L 736,62 Q 736,77 721,77 L 504,77 L 489,77"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M483,77 L 247,77 Q 232,77 232,62 L 232,62 Q 232,47 246,47 L 259,47"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/join-constraint.html">join-constraint:</a></b>
<button id='x1741' onclick='hideorshow("x1741","x1742")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1742' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:483px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 483.336 126.576">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,55 39,59 39,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,40 Q 24,55 34,55 L 45,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,70L104,70A15 15 0 0 0 120 55L120,55A15 15 0 0 0 104 39L66,39A15 15 0 0 0 50 55L50,55A15 15 0 0 0 66 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="85" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">USING</text>
<polygon points="143,55 131,59 131,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M120,55L137,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M158,70A15 15 0 0 0 173 55L173,55A15 15 0 0 0 158 39A15 15 0 0 0 143 55L143,55A15 15 0 0 0 158 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="158" y="55" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="209,55 197,59 197,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M173,55L203,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M224,70L318,70A15 15 0 0 0 333 55L333,55A15 15 0 0 0 318 39L224,39A15 15 0 0 0 209 55L209,55A15 15 0 0 0 224 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="271" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">column-name</text>
<polygon points="369,55 358,59 358,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M333,55L363,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M384,70A15 15 0 0 0 399 55L399,55A15 15 0 0 0 384 39A15 15 0 0 0 369 55L369,55A15 15 0 0 0 384 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="384" y="55" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="422,55 411,59 411,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M399,55L417,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="473,17 462,21 462,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M422,55 L 430,55 Q 437,55 437,40 L 437,32 Q 437,17 452,17 L 453,17 L 468,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="477" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M271,108A15 15 0 0 0 286 92A15 15 0 0 0 271 77A15 15 0 0 0 256 92A15 15 0 0 0 271 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="271" y="92" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="286,92 298,88 298,97" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M333,55 L 341,55 Q 348,55 348,70 L 348,77 Q 348,92 333,92 L 307,92 L 292,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M256,92 L 197,92 Q 182,92 182,77 L 182,70 Q 182,55 190,55 L 197,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,17 39,21 39,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L45,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,32L74,32A15 15 0 0 0 90 17A15 15 0 0 0 74 2L66,2A15 15 0 0 0 50 17A15 15 0 0 0 66 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="70" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ON</text>
<polygon points="113,17 101,21 101,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M90,17L107,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M113,32L162,32L162,2L113,2Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="137" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="422,17 411,21 411,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M162,17L417,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M422,17L462,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="209,120 197,124 197,115" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,105 Q 24,120 39,120 L 188,120 L 203,120"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M209,120 L 422,120 Q 437,120 437,105 L 437,54 L 437,39"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/join-operator.html">join-operator:</a></b>
<button id='x1743' onclick='hideorshow("x1743","x1744")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1744' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:620px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 620.333 255.312">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,71 39,76 39,67" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,56 Q 24,71 34,71 L 45,71"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,86L133,86A15 15 0 0 0 148 71A15 15 0 0 0 133 56L66,56A15 15 0 0 0 50 71A15 15 0 0 0 66 86Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="99" y="71" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NATURAL</text>
<polygon points="189,41 178,45 178,37" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M148,71 L 155,71 Q 163,71 163,56 L 163,56 Q 163,41 173,41 L 184,41"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="231,71 219,76 219,67" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M189,41 L 197,41 Q 204,41 204,56 L 204,56 Q 204,71 215,71 L 225,71"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M246,86L273,86A15 15 0 0 0 288 71A15 15 0 0 0 273 56L246,56A15 15 0 0 0 231 71A15 15 0 0 0 246 86Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="259" y="71" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">LEFT</text>
<polygon points="378,71 366,76 366,67" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M288,71L372,71"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M393,86L437,86A15 15 0 0 0 452 71A15 15 0 0 0 437 56L393,56A15 15 0 0 0 378 71A15 15 0 0 0 393 86Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="415" y="71" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">OUTER</text>
<polygon points="475,71 463,76 463,67" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M452,71L469,71"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="516,41 505,45 505,37" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M475,71 L 482,71 Q 490,71 490,56 L 490,56 Q 490,41 500,41 L 511,41"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M532,56L554,56A15 15 0 0 0 569 41A15 15 0 0 0 554 26L532,26A15 15 0 0 0 516 41A15 15 0 0 0 532 56Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="543" y="41" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">JOIN</text>
<polygon points="610,17 599,21 599,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M569,41 L 576,41 Q 584,41 584,29 Q 584,17 594,17 L 605,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="614" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M310,32A15 15 0 0 0 325 17A15 15 0 0 0 310 2A15 15 0 0 0 295 17A15 15 0 0 0 310 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="310" y="17" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="295,17 283,21 283,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L289,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M325,17L599,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="99,41 88,45 88,37" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,29 Q 24,41 39,41 L 78,41 L 93,41"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M99,41L178,41"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M189,41L505,41"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="378,41 366,45 366,37" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M336,71 L 344,71 Q 351,71 351,56 L 351,56 Q 351,41 362,41 L 372,41"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="231,109 219,113 219,105" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M189,41 L 197,41 Q 204,41 204,56 L 204,94 Q 204,109 215,109 L 225,109"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M246,124L284,124A15 15 0 0 0 299 109A15 15 0 0 0 284 94L246,94A15 15 0 0 0 231 109A15 15 0 0 0 246 124Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="265" y="109" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">RIGHT</text>
<polygon points="341,71 329,76 329,67" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M299,109 L 307,109 Q 314,109 314,94 L 314,86 Q 314,71 324,71 L 335,71"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="231,147 219,151 219,142" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M189,41 L 197,41 Q 204,41 204,56 L 204,132 Q 204,147 215,147 L 225,147"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M246,162L274,162A15 15 0 0 0 289 147A15 15 0 0 0 274 132L246,132A15 15 0 0 0 231 147A15 15 0 0 0 246 162Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="260" y="147" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FULL</text>
<path d="M289,147 L 302,147 Q 314,147 314,132 L 314,109 L 314,94"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="231,192 219,196 219,188" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M189,41 L 197,41 Q 204,41 204,56 L 204,177 Q 204,192 215,192 L 225,192"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M246,207L287,207A15 15 0 0 0 302 192A15 15 0 0 0 287 177L246,177A15 15 0 0 0 231 192A15 15 0 0 0 246 207Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="267" y="192" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">INNER</text>
<polygon points="475,192 463,196 463,188" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M302,192L469,192"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M475,192 L 482,192 Q 490,192 490,185 L 490,177"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="231,238 219,242 219,233" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,223 Q 24,238 39,238 L 210,238 L 225,238"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M246,253L287,253A15 15 0 0 0 303 238A15 15 0 0 0 287 222L246,222A15 15 0 0 0 231 238A15 15 0 0 0 246 253Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="267" y="238" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">CROSS</text>
<polygon points="475,238 463,242 463,233" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M303,238L469,238"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M475,238 L 482,238 Q 490,238 490,223 L 490,71 L 490,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/ordering-term.html">ordering-term:</a></b>
<button id='x1745' onclick='hideorshow("x1745","x1746")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1746' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:798px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 798.451 99.576">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="32,17 20,21 20,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L26,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M32,32L81,32L81,2L32,2Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="56" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="111,44 100,48 100,40" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M81,17 L 89,17 Q 96,17 96,30 Q 96,44 101,44 L 105,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M126,59L190,59A15 15 0 0 0 205 44L205,44A15 15 0 0 0 190 29L126,29A15 15 0 0 0 111 44L111,44A15 15 0 0 0 126 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="158" y="44" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">COLLATE</text>
<polygon points="228,44 217,48 217,40" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M205,44L223,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M244,59L349,59A15 15 0 0 0 364 44L364,44A15 15 0 0 0 349 29L244,29A15 15 0 0 0 228 44L228,44A15 15 0 0 0 244 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="296" y="44" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">collation-name</text>
<polygon points="406,17 394,21 394,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M364,44 L 372,44 Q 379,44 379,30 Q 379,17 389,17 L 400,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="243,17 232,21 232,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M81,17L238,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M243,17L394,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="447,82 436,86 436,77" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M406,17 L 413,17 Q 421,17 421,32 L 421,67 Q 421,82 431,82 L 441,82"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M462,97L492,97A15 15 0 0 0 508 82A15 15 0 0 0 492 67L462,67A15 15 0 0 0 447 82A15 15 0 0 0 462 97Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="477" y="82" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">DESC</text>
<polygon points="549,17 538,21 538,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M508,82 L 515,82 Q 523,82 523,67 L 523,32 Q 523,17 533,17 L 543,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M462,59L479,59A15 15 0 0 0 494 44L494,44A15 15 0 0 0 479 29L462,29A15 15 0 0 0 447 44L447,44A15 15 0 0 0 462 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="471" y="44" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ASC</text>
<polygon points="447,44 436,48 436,40" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M421,29 L 421,36 Q 421,44 431,44 L 441,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M494,44 L 508,44 Q 523,44 523,36 L 523,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="477,17 466,21 466,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M406,17L472,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M477,17L538,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="591,44 579,48 579,40" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M549,17 L 557,17 Q 564,17 564,30 Q 564,44 574,44 L 585,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M606,59L648,59A15 15 0 0 0 663 44L663,44A15 15 0 0 0 648 29L606,29A15 15 0 0 0 591 44L591,44A15 15 0 0 0 606 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="627" y="44" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NULLS</text>
<polygon points="686,44 674,48 674,40" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M663,44L680,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M701,59L735,59A15 15 0 0 0 750 44L750,44A15 15 0 0 0 735 29L701,29A15 15 0 0 0 686 44L686,44A15 15 0 0 0 701 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="718" y="44" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FIRST</text>
<polygon points="791,17 780,21 780,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M750,44 L 757,44 Q 765,44 765,30 Q 765,17 775,17 L 786,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M606,97L648,97A15 15 0 0 0 663 82A15 15 0 0 0 648 67L606,67A15 15 0 0 0 591 82A15 15 0 0 0 606 97Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="627" y="82" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NULLS</text>
<polygon points="686,82 674,86 674,77" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M663,82L680,82"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M701,97L727,97A15 15 0 0 0 742 82A15 15 0 0 0 727 67L701,67A15 15 0 0 0 686 82A15 15 0 0 0 701 97Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="714" y="82" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">LAST</text>
<polygon points="591,82 579,86 579,77" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M564,29 L 564,67 Q 564,82 574,82 L 585,82"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M742,82 L 754,82 Q 765,82 765,67 L 765,44 L 765,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="670,17 659,21 659,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M549,17L665,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M670,17L780,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/result-column.html">result-column:</a></b>
<button id='x1747' onclick='hideorshow("x1747","x1748")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1748' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:398px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 398.054 163.08">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,17 33,21 33,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L39,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M45,32L94,32L94,2L45,2Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="69" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="136,55 124,59 124,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M94,17 L 102,17 Q 109,17 109,32 L 109,40 Q 109,55 119,55 L 130,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M151,70L155,70A15 15 0 0 0 170 55L170,55A15 15 0 0 0 155 39L151,39A15 15 0 0 0 136 55L136,55A15 15 0 0 0 151 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="153" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">AS</text>
<polygon points="206,55 194,59 194,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M170,55L200,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M221,70L309,70A15 15 0 0 0 324 55L324,55A15 15 0 0 0 309 39L221,39A15 15 0 0 0 206 55L206,55A15 15 0 0 0 221 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="265" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">column-alias</text>
<polygon points="347,55 335,59 335,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M324,55L341,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="388,17 377,21 377,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M347,55 L 354,55 Q 362,55 362,40 L 362,32 Q 362,17 372,17 L 382,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="392" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="153,85 141,89 141,81" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M109,39 L 109,70 Q 109,85 124,85 L 132,85 L 147,85"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M153,85 L 170,85 Q 185,85 185,70 L 185,70 Q 185,55 192,55 L 200,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="241,17 230,21 230,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M94,17L235,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M241,17L377,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,108 39,112 39,103" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,93 Q 24,108 34,108 L 45,108"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,123A15 15 0 0 0 81 108A15 15 0 0 0 66 92A15 15 0 0 0 50 108A15 15 0 0 0 66 123Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="66" y="108" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">*</text>
<polygon points="347,108 335,112 335,103" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M81,108L341,108"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M347,108 L 354,108 Q 362,108 362,93 L 362,54 L 362,39"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,145 39,150 39,141" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,92 L 24,130 Q 24,145 34,145 L 45,145"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,160L141,160A15 15 0 0 0 156 145A15 15 0 0 0 141 130L66,130A15 15 0 0 0 50 145A15 15 0 0 0 66 160Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="103" y="145" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">table-name</text>
<polygon points="179,145 167,150 167,141" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M156,145L173,145"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M194,160A15 15 0 0 0 209 145A15 15 0 0 0 194 130A15 15 0 0 0 179 145A15 15 0 0 0 194 160Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="194" y="145" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">.</text>
<polygon points="232,145 221,150 221,141" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M209,145L226,145"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M247,160A15 15 0 0 0 262 145A15 15 0 0 0 247 130A15 15 0 0 0 232 145A15 15 0 0 0 247 160Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="247" y="145" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">*</text>
<polygon points="347,145 335,150 335,141" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M262,145L341,145"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M347,145 L 354,145 Q 362,145 362,130 L 362,107 L 362,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/table-or-subquery.html">table-or-subquery:</a></b>
<button id='x1749' onclick='hideorshow("x1749","x1750")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1750' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:720px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 720.778 457.704">
<circle cx="5" cy="36" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,74 39,78 39,70" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,36 L 16,36 Q 24,36 24,51 L 24,59 Q 24,74 34,74 L 45,74"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,89L162,89A15 15 0 0 0 177 74L177,74A15 15 0 0 0 162 59L66,59A15 15 0 0 0 50 74L50,74A15 15 0 0 0 66 89Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="114" y="74" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">schema-name</text>
<polygon points="194,74 183,78 183,70" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M177,74L189,74"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M209,89A15 15 0 0 0 225 74L225,74A15 15 0 0 0 209 59A15 15 0 0 0 194 74L194,74A15 15 0 0 0 209 89Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="209" y="74" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">.</text>
<polygon points="266,36 255,41 255,32" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M225,74 L 232,74 Q 240,74 240,59 L 240,51 Q 240,36 250,36 L 260,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M281,51L356,51A15 15 0 0 0 371 36A15 15 0 0 0 356 21L281,21A15 15 0 0 0 266 36A15 15 0 0 0 281 51Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="319" y="36" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">table-name</text>
<polygon points="407,36 396,41 396,32" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M371,36L402,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M423,51L427,51A15 15 0 0 0 442 36A15 15 0 0 0 427 21L423,21A15 15 0 0 0 407 36A15 15 0 0 0 423 51Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="425" y="36" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">AS</text>
<polygon points="478,36 466,41 466,32" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M442,36L472,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M493,51L561,51A15 15 0 0 0 577 36A15 15 0 0 0 561 21L493,21A15 15 0 0 0 478 36A15 15 0 0 0 493 51Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="527" y="36" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">table-alias</text>
<path d="M9,36L255,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="422,6 411,10 411,2" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M371,36 L 379,36 Q 386,36 386,21 L 386,21 Q 386,6 401,6 L 402,6 L 417,6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M422,6 L 442,6 Q 457,6 457,21 L 457,21 Q 457,36 464,36 L 472,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M422,6 L 577,6 Q 592,6 592,21 L 592,21 Q 592,36 599,36 L 607,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M323,127L388,127A15 15 0 0 0 403 112A15 15 0 0 0 388 97L323,97A15 15 0 0 0 308 112A15 15 0 0 0 323 127Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="356" y="112" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">INDEXED</text>
<polygon points="426,112 415,116 415,108" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M403,112L420,112"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M441,127L445,127A15 15 0 0 0 460 112A15 15 0 0 0 445 97L441,97A15 15 0 0 0 426 112A15 15 0 0 0 441 127Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="443" y="112" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">BY</text>
<polygon points="483,112 472,116 472,108" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M460,112L478,112"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M499,127L577,127A15 15 0 0 0 592 112A15 15 0 0 0 577 97L499,97A15 15 0 0 0 483 112A15 15 0 0 0 499 127Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="538" y="112" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">index-name</text>
<path d="M323,165L343,165A15 15 0 0 0 359 150A15 15 0 0 0 343 135L323,135A15 15 0 0 0 308 150A15 15 0 0 0 323 165Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="333" y="150" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NOT</text>
<polygon points="382,150 370,154 370,145" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M359,150L376,150"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M397,165L461,165A15 15 0 0 0 476 150A15 15 0 0 0 461 135L397,135A15 15 0 0 0 382 150A15 15 0 0 0 397 165Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="429" y="150" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">INDEXED</text>
<polygon points="527,74 539,70 539,78" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M577,36 L 607,36 Q 622,36 622,51 L 622,59 Q 622,74 607,74 L 548,74 L 533,74"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="308,150 297,154 297,145" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M527,74 L 297,74 Q 282,74 282,89 L 282,135 Q 282,150 292,150 L 302,150"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="308,112 297,116 297,108" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M282,97 L 282,104 Q 282,112 292,112 L 302,112"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="266,213 255,217 255,209" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,36 L 16,36 Q 24,36 24,51 L 24,198 Q 24,213 39,213 L 245,213 L 260,213"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M281,228L431,228A15 15 0 0 0 446 213A15 15 0 0 0 431 198L281,198A15 15 0 0 0 266 213A15 15 0 0 0 281 228Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="356" y="213" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">table-function-name</text>
<polygon points="463,213 452,217 452,209" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M446,213L457,213"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M478,228A15 15 0 0 0 493 213A15 15 0 0 0 478 198A15 15 0 0 0 463 213A15 15 0 0 0 478 228Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="478" y="213" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="529,213 518,217 518,209" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M493,213L524,213"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M529,228L579,228L579,198L529,198Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="554" y="213" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="615,213 603,217 603,209" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M579,213L609,213"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M630,228A15 15 0 0 0 645 213A15 15 0 0 0 630 198A15 15 0 0 0 615 213A15 15 0 0 0 630 228Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="630" y="213" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="675,187 679,198 671,198" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M645,213 L 660,213 Q 675,213 675,203 L 675,192"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M554,190A15 15 0 0 0 569 175A15 15 0 0 0 554 160A15 15 0 0 0 539 175A15 15 0 0 0 554 190Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="554" y="175" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="569,175 581,171 581,180" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M579,213 L 586,213 Q 594,213 594,198 L 594,190 Q 594,175 584,175 L 575,175"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M539,175 L 518,175 Q 503,175 503,190 L 503,198 Q 503,213 510,213 L 518,213"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M225,74 L 232,74 Q 240,74 240,89 L 240,198 Q 240,213 247,213 L 255,213"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="660,112 648,116 648,108" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M592,112L654,112"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M660,112 L 667,112 Q 675,112 675,104 L 675,97"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="660,150 648,154 648,145" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M476,150L654,150"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M660,150 L 667,150 Q 675,150 675,142 L 675,135"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M577,36L690,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M407,304L411,304A15 15 0 0 0 426 289A15 15 0 0 0 411 274L407,274A15 15 0 0 0 392 289A15 15 0 0 0 407 304Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="409" y="289" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">AS</text>
<polygon points="498,289 487,293 487,284" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M426,289L492,289"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M513,304L582,304A15 15 0 0 0 597 289A15 15 0 0 0 582 274L513,274A15 15 0 0 0 498 289A15 15 0 0 0 513 304Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="548" y="289" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">table-alias</text>
<polygon points="660,289 648,293 648,284" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M597,289L654,289"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M660,289 L 667,289 Q 675,289 675,281 L 675,274"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="548,251 559,247 559,255" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M645,213 L 652,213 Q 660,213 660,228 L 660,236 Q 660,251 645,251 L 568,251 L 553,251"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="392,289 380,293 380,284" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M548,251 L 370,251 Q 355,251 355,266 L 355,274 Q 355,289 370,289 L 371,289 L 386,289"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M472,251 L 464,251 Q 457,251 457,266 L 457,274 Q 457,289 464,289 L 472,289"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,327 39,331 39,322" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,198 L 24,312 Q 24,327 34,327 L 45,327"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,342A15 15 0 0 0 81 327A15 15 0 0 0 66 311A15 15 0 0 0 50 327A15 15 0 0 0 66 342Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="66" y="327" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="104,327 92,331 92,322" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M81,327L98,327"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M104,342L208,342L208,311L104,311Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="156" y="327" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">select-stmt</text>
<polygon points="231,327 219,331 219,322" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M208,327L225,327"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M246,342A15 15 0 0 0 261 327A15 15 0 0 0 246 311A15 15 0 0 0 231 327A15 15 0 0 0 246 342Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="246" y="327" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="392,289 380,293 380,284" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M261,327 L 269,327 Q 276,327 276,312 L 276,304 Q 276,289 291,289 L 371,289 L 386,289"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="660,327 648,331 648,322" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M261,327L654,327"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M660,327 L 667,327 Q 675,327 675,319 L 675,312"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M424,327 L 432,327 Q 439,327 439,312 L 439,304 Q 439,289 447,289 L 454,289"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,364 39,369 39,360" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M24,311 L 24,349 Q 24,364 34,364 L 45,364"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M65,379A15 15 0 0 0 81 364A15 15 0 0 0 65 349A15 15 0 0 0 50 364A15 15 0 0 0 65 379Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="65" y="364" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="135,364 123,369 123,360" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M81,364L129,364"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M135,379L296,379L296,349L135,349Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="215" y="364" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">table-or-subquery</text>
<polygon points="350,364 338,369 338,360" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M296,364L344,364"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M365,379A15 15 0 0 0 380 364A15 15 0 0 0 365 349A15 15 0 0 0 350 364A15 15 0 0 0 365 379Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="365" y="364" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="660,364 648,369 648,360" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M380,364L654,364"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="711,36 699,41 699,32" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M660,364 L 667,364 Q 675,364 675,349 L 675,51 Q 675,36 690,36 L 690,36 L 705,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="715" cy="36" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M215,417A15 15 0 0 0 230 402A15 15 0 0 0 215 387A15 15 0 0 0 200 402A15 15 0 0 0 215 417Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="215" y="402" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="230,402 242,398 242,406" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M296,364 L 303,364 Q 311,364 311,379 L 311,387 Q 311,402 296,402 L 251,402 L 236,402"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M200,402 L 123,402 Q 108,402 108,387 L 108,379 Q 108,364 116,364 L 123,364"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="122,440 111,444 111,436" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M81,364 L 88,364 Q 96,364 96,379 L 96,425 Q 96,440 106,440 L 116,440"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M122,455L224,455L224,425L122,425Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="173" y="440" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">join-clause</text>
<path d="M224,440 L 308,440 Q 323,440 323,425 L 323,379 Q 323,364 331,364 L 338,364"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/window-defn.html">window-defn:</a></b>
<button id='x1751' onclick='hideorshow("x1751","x1752")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1752' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:479px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 479.765 380.592">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="32,17 20,21 20,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L26,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M47,32A15 15 0 0 0 62 17A15 15 0 0 0 47 2A15 15 0 0 0 32 17A15 15 0 0 0 47 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="47" y="17" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="104,44 92,48 92,40" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M62,17 L 70,17 Q 77,17 77,30 Q 77,44 88,44 L 98,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M119,59L260,59A15 15 0 0 0 275 44L275,44A15 15 0 0 0 260 29L119,29A15 15 0 0 0 104 44L104,44A15 15 0 0 0 119 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="190" y="44" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">base-window-name</text>
<path d="M119,135L198,135A15 15 0 0 0 214 120A15 15 0 0 0 198 104L119,104A15 15 0 0 0 104 120A15 15 0 0 0 119 135Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="159" y="120" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">PARTITION</text>
<polygon points="237,120 225,124 225,115" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M214,120L231,120"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M252,135L256,135A15 15 0 0 0 271 120A15 15 0 0 0 256 104L252,104A15 15 0 0 0 237 120A15 15 0 0 0 252 135Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="254" y="120" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">BY</text>
<polygon points="307,120 295,124 295,115" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M271,120L301,120"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M307,135L356,135L356,104L307,104Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="332" y="120" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<path d="M332,173A15 15 0 0 0 347 157A15 15 0 0 0 332 142A15 15 0 0 0 316 157A15 15 0 0 0 332 173Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="332" y="157" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="347,157 358,153 358,162" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M356,120 L 364,120 Q 371,120 371,135 L 371,142 Q 371,157 362,157 L 352,157"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M316,157 L 295,157 Q 280,157 280,142 L 280,135 Q 280,120 288,120 L 295,120"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="190,17 178,21 178,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M62,17L184,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="190,82 201,77 201,86" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M190,17 L 298,17 Q 313,17 313,32 L 313,67 Q 313,82 298,82 L 210,82 L 195,82"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="104,120 92,124 92,115" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M190,82 L 77,82 Q 62,82 62,97 L 62,105 Q 62,120 77,120 L 83,120 L 98,120"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="298,44 287,48 287,40" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M275,44L293,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M298,44 L 306,44 Q 313,44 313,51 L 313,59"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M119,248L163,248A15 15 0 0 0 178 233A15 15 0 0 0 163 218L119,218A15 15 0 0 0 104 233A15 15 0 0 0 119 248Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="141" y="233" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ORDER</text>
<polygon points="201,233 190,237 190,229" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M178,233L196,233"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M217,248L221,248A15 15 0 0 0 236 233A15 15 0 0 0 221 218L217,218A15 15 0 0 0 201 233A15 15 0 0 0 217 248Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="219" y="233" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">BY</text>
<polygon points="272,233 260,237 260,229" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M236,233L266,233"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M272,248L402,248L402,218L272,218Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="337" y="233" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ordering-term</text>
<path d="M337,286A15 15 0 0 0 352 271A15 15 0 0 0 337 256A15 15 0 0 0 322 271A15 15 0 0 0 337 286Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="337" y="271" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="352,271 363,266 363,275" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M402,233 L 409,233 Q 417,233 417,248 L 417,256 Q 417,271 402,271 L 373,271 L 358,271"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M322,271 L 260,271 Q 245,271 245,256 L 245,248 Q 245,233 253,233 L 260,233"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="190,195 201,191 201,200" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M356,120 L 364,120 Q 371,120 371,135 L 371,180 Q 371,195 356,195 L 210,195 L 195,195"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="104,233 92,237 92,229" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M190,195 L 77,195 Q 62,195 62,210 L 62,218 Q 62,233 77,233 L 83,233 L 98,233"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="62,157 58,146 66,146" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M62,104L62,152"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M62,157L62,218"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M104,362L208,362L208,331L104,331Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="156" y="346" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">frame-spec</text>
<polygon points="417,346 405,351 405,342" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M208,346L411,346"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M432,362A15 15 0 0 0 447 346A15 15 0 0 0 432 331A15 15 0 0 0 417 346A15 15 0 0 0 432 362Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="432" y="346" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="470,346 458,351 458,342" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M447,346L464,346"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="474" cy="346" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="190,309 201,304 201,313" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M402,233 L 409,233 Q 417,233 417,248 L 417,294 Q 417,309 402,309 L 210,309 L 195,309"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="104,346 92,351 92,342" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M190,309 L 77,309 Q 62,309 62,324 L 62,331 Q 62,346 77,346 L 83,346 L 98,346"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="62,271 58,259 66,259" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M62,218L62,265"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M62,271L62,331"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="156,374 144,378 144,369" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M62,331 L 62,359 Q 62,374 77,374 L 135,374 L 150,374"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="278,346 266,351 266,342" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M156,374 L 233,374 Q 248,374 248,360 Q 248,346 260,346 L 272,346"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/frame-spec.html">frame-spec:</a></b>
<button id='x1753' onclick='hideorshow("x1753","x1754")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1754' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:1039px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 1039.65 522.72">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,92 39,97 39,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,77 Q 24,92 34,92 L 45,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,108L120,108A15 15 0 0 0 135 92A15 15 0 0 0 120 77L66,77A15 15 0 0 0 50 92A15 15 0 0 0 66 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="93" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">GROUPS</text>
<path d="M135,92 L 143,92 Q 150,92 150,77 L 150,32 Q 150,17 158,17 L 165,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="207,17 195,21 195,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M165,17L201,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M222,32L294,32A15 15 0 0 0 309 17A15 15 0 0 0 294 2L222,2A15 15 0 0 0 207 17A15 15 0 0 0 222 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="258" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">BETWEEN</text>
<polygon points="351,17 339,21 339,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M309,17L345,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M366,32L467,32A15 15 0 0 0 482 17A15 15 0 0 0 467 2L366,2A15 15 0 0 0 351 17A15 15 0 0 0 366 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="417" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">UNBOUNDED</text>
<polygon points="500,17 488,21 488,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M482,17L494,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M515,32L603,32A15 15 0 0 0 618 17A15 15 0 0 0 603 2L515,2A15 15 0 0 0 500 17A15 15 0 0 0 515 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="559" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">PRECEDING</text>
<polygon points="659,17 648,21 648,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M618,17L653,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M674,32L695,32A15 15 0 0 0 710 17A15 15 0 0 0 695 2L674,2A15 15 0 0 0 659 17A15 15 0 0 0 674 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="685" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">AND</text>
<polygon points="752,130 740,135 740,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M710,17 L 718,17 Q 725,17 725,32 L 725,115 Q 725,130 735,130 L 746,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M767,145L868,145A15 15 0 0 0 883 130A15 15 0 0 0 868 115L767,115A15 15 0 0 0 752 130A15 15 0 0 0 767 145Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="817" y="130" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">UNBOUNDED</text>
<polygon points="900,130 889,135 889,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M883,130L895,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M915,145L1007,145A15 15 0 0 0 1022 130A15 15 0 0 0 1007 115L915,115A15 15 0 0 0 900 130A15 15 0 0 0 915 145Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="961" y="130" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FOLLOWING</text>
<path d="M1022,130 L 1029,130 Q 1037,130 1037,138 L 1037,145"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,17 39,21 39,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L45,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,32L109,32A15 15 0 0 0 125 17A15 15 0 0 0 109 2L66,2A15 15 0 0 0 50 17A15 15 0 0 0 66 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="87" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">RANGE</text>
<polygon points="142,17 130,21 130,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M125,17L136,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M142,17L157,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,55 39,59 39,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,40 Q 24,55 34,55 L 45,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,70L101,70A15 15 0 0 0 116 55L116,55A15 15 0 0 0 101 39L66,39A15 15 0 0 0 50 55L50,55A15 15 0 0 0 66 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="83" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ROWS</text>
<polygon points="135,55 124,59 124,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M116,55L129,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M135,55 L 143,55 Q 150,55 150,47 L 150,40"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="207,168 195,172 195,164" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M165,17 L 173,17 Q 180,17 180,32 L 180,153 Q 180,168 190,168 L 201,168"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M222,183L323,183A15 15 0 0 0 338 168A15 15 0 0 0 323 153L222,153A15 15 0 0 0 207 168A15 15 0 0 0 222 183Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="272" y="168" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">UNBOUNDED</text>
<polygon points="361,168 350,172 350,164" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M338,168L355,168"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M376,183L464,183A15 15 0 0 0 479 168A15 15 0 0 0 464 153L376,153A15 15 0 0 0 361 168A15 15 0 0 0 376 183Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="420" y="168" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">PRECEDING</text>
<polygon points="1022,168 1010,172 1010,164" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M479,168L1016,168"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M1022,168 L 1029,168 Q 1037,168 1037,175 L 1037,183"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M207,221L256,221L256,191L207,191Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="231" y="206" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="279,206 267,210 267,201" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M256,206L273,206"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M294,221L382,221A15 15 0 0 0 397 206A15 15 0 0 0 382 191L294,191A15 15 0 0 0 279 206A15 15 0 0 0 294 221Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="338" y="206" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">PRECEDING</text>
<polygon points="1022,206 1010,210 1010,201" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M397,206L1016,206"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M1022,206 L 1029,206 Q 1037,206 1037,213 L 1037,221"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="207,206 195,210 195,201" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M180,153 L 180,191 Q 180,206 190,206 L 201,206"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M222,259L292,259A15 15 0 0 0 307 244A15 15 0 0 0 292 228L222,228A15 15 0 0 0 207 244A15 15 0 0 0 222 259Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="257" y="244" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">CURRENT</text>
<polygon points="330,244 318,248 318,239" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M307,244L324,244"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M345,259L369,259A15 15 0 0 0 384 244A15 15 0 0 0 369 228L345,228A15 15 0 0 0 330 244A15 15 0 0 0 345 259Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="357" y="244" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ROW</text>
<polygon points="1022,244 1010,248 1010,239" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M384,244L1016,244"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M1022,244 L 1029,244 Q 1037,244 1037,251 L 1037,259"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="207,244 195,248 195,239" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M180,191 L 180,229 Q 180,244 190,244 L 201,244"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M351,70L400,70L400,39L351,39Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="375" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="423,55 412,59 412,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M400,55L417,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M438,70L526,70A15 15 0 0 0 541 55A15 15 0 0 0 526 39L438,39A15 15 0 0 0 423 55A15 15 0 0 0 438 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="482" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">PRECEDING</text>
<polygon points="618,55 606,59 606,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M541,55L612,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M618,55 L 625,55 Q 633,55 633,47 L 633,40"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="351,55 339,59 339,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M309,17 L 317,17 Q 324,17 324,32 L 324,40 Q 324,55 335,55 L 345,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M366,107L436,107A15 15 0 0 0 451 92A15 15 0 0 0 436 77L366,77A15 15 0 0 0 351 92A15 15 0 0 0 366 107Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="401" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">CURRENT</text>
<polygon points="474,92 462,97 462,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M451,92L468,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M489,108L513,108A15 15 0 0 0 528 92A15 15 0 0 0 513 77L489,77A15 15 0 0 0 474 92A15 15 0 0 0 489 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="501" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ROW</text>
<polygon points="618,92 606,97 606,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M528,92L612,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M618,92 L 625,92 Q 633,92 633,85 L 633,77"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="351,92 339,97 339,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M324,39 L 324,77 Q 324,92 335,92 L 345,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M351,145L400,145L400,115L351,115Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="375" y="130" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="423,130 412,134 412,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M400,130L417,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M438,145L530,145A15 15 0 0 0 545 130A15 15 0 0 0 530 115L438,115A15 15 0 0 0 423 130A15 15 0 0 0 438 145Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="484" y="130" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FOLLOWING</text>
<polygon points="618,130 606,134 606,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M545,130L612,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M618,130 L 625,130 Q 633,130 633,115 L 633,32 Q 633,17 640,17 L 648,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="351,130 339,134 339,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M324,77 L 324,115 Q 324,130 335,130 L 345,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="752,17 740,21 740,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M710,17L746,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M752,32L801,32L801,2L752,2Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="776" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="824,17 812,21 812,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M801,17L818,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M839,32L927,32A15 15 0 0 0 942 17A15 15 0 0 0 927 2L839,2A15 15 0 0 0 824 17A15 15 0 0 0 839 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="883" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">PRECEDING</text>
<polygon points="1022,17 1010,21 1010,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M942,17L1016,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M1022,17 L 1029,17 Q 1037,17 1037,32 L 1037,289 Q 1037,304 1022,304 L 1016,304 L 1001,304"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M767,70L837,70A15 15 0 0 0 852 55A15 15 0 0 0 837 39L767,39A15 15 0 0 0 752 55A15 15 0 0 0 767 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="802" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">CURRENT</text>
<polygon points="875,55 863,59 863,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M852,55L869,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M890,70L914,70A15 15 0 0 0 929 55A15 15 0 0 0 914 39L890,39A15 15 0 0 0 875 55A15 15 0 0 0 890 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="902" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ROW</text>
<polygon points="1022,55 1010,59 1010,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M929,55L1016,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M1022,55 L 1029,55 Q 1037,55 1037,62 L 1037,70"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="752,55 740,59 740,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M710,17 L 718,17 Q 725,17 725,32 L 725,40 Q 725,55 735,55 L 746,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M752,107L801,107L801,77L752,77Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="776" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="824,92 812,97 812,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M801,92L818,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M839,108L930,108A15 15 0 0 0 945 92A15 15 0 0 0 930 77L839,77A15 15 0 0 0 824 92A15 15 0 0 0 839 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="885" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FOLLOWING</text>
<polygon points="1022,92 1010,97 1010,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M945,92L1016,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M1022,92 L 1029,92 Q 1037,92 1037,100 L 1037,107"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="752,92 740,97 740,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M725,39 L 725,77 Q 725,92 735,92 L 746,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M461,410L529,410A15 15 0 0 0 544 395A15 15 0 0 0 529 380L461,380A15 15 0 0 0 446 395A15 15 0 0 0 461 410Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="495" y="395" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">EXCLUDE</text>
<polygon points="567,395 555,399 555,390" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M544,395L561,395"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M582,410L652,410A15 15 0 0 0 667 395A15 15 0 0 0 652 380L582,380A15 15 0 0 0 567 395A15 15 0 0 0 582 410Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="617" y="395" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">CURRENT</text>
<polygon points="690,395 678,399 678,390" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M667,395L684,395"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M705,410L729,410A15 15 0 0 0 744 395A15 15 0 0 0 729 380L705,380A15 15 0 0 0 690 395A15 15 0 0 0 705 410Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="717" y="395" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ROW</text>
<polygon points="767,395 756,399 756,390" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M744,395L762,395"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M767,395 L 775,395 Q 782,395 782,402 L 782,410"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M461,448L529,448A15 15 0 0 0 544 433A15 15 0 0 0 529 417L461,417A15 15 0 0 0 446 433A15 15 0 0 0 461 448Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="495" y="433" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">EXCLUDE</text>
<polygon points="567,433 555,437 555,428" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M544,433L561,433"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M582,448L625,448A15 15 0 0 0 640 433A15 15 0 0 0 625 417L582,417A15 15 0 0 0 567 433A15 15 0 0 0 582 448Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="604" y="433" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">GROUP</text>
<polygon points="767,433 756,437 756,428" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M640,433L762,433"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M767,433 L 775,433 Q 782,433 782,440 L 782,448"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M461,486L529,486A15 15 0 0 0 544 470A15 15 0 0 0 529 455L461,455A15 15 0 0 0 446 470A15 15 0 0 0 461 486Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="495" y="470" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">EXCLUDE</text>
<polygon points="567,470 555,475 555,466" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M544,470L561,470"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M582,486L604,486A15 15 0 0 0 619 470A15 15 0 0 0 604 455L582,455A15 15 0 0 0 567 470A15 15 0 0 0 582 486Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="593" y="470" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">TIES</text>
<polygon points="767,470 756,475 756,466" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M619,470L762,470"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M767,470 L 775,470 Q 782,470 782,478 L 782,485"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M461,372L529,372A15 15 0 0 0 544 357A15 15 0 0 0 529 342L461,342A15 15 0 0 0 446 357A15 15 0 0 0 461 372Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="495" y="357" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">EXCLUDE</text>
<polygon points="567,357 555,361 555,353" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M544,357L561,357"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M582,372L591,372A15 15 0 0 0 606 357A15 15 0 0 0 591 342L582,342A15 15 0 0 0 567 357A15 15 0 0 0 582 372Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="586" y="357" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">NO</text>
<polygon points="629,357 617,361 617,353" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M606,357L623,357"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M644,372L700,372A15 15 0 0 0 715 357A15 15 0 0 0 700 342L644,342A15 15 0 0 0 629 357A15 15 0 0 0 644 372Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="672" y="357" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">OTHERS</text>
<polygon points="767,357 756,361 756,353" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M715,357L762,357"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="890,516 879,520 879,511" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M767,357 L 775,357 Q 782,357 782,372 L 782,501 Q 782,516 797,516 L 870,516 L 885,516"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="894" cy="516" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="710,304 722,300 722,308" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M1001,304L716,304"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="527,516 516,520 516,511" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M710,304 L 434,304 Q 419,304 419,319 L 419,501 Q 419,516 434,516 L 507,516 L 522,516"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M527,516L797,516"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="446,357 434,361 434,353" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M419,342 L 419,349 Q 419,357 430,357 L 440,357"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="446,395 434,399 434,390" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M419,380 L 419,387 Q 419,395 430,395 L 440,395"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="446,433 434,437 434,428" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M419,417 L 419,425 Q 419,433 430,433 L 440,433"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="446,470 434,475 434,466" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M419,455 L 419,463 Q 419,470 430,470 L 440,470"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/type-name.html">type-name:</a></b>
<button id='x1755' onclick='hideorshow("x1755","x1756")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1756' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:661px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 661.008 110.16">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="45,17 33,21 33,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L39,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M60,32L87,32A15 15 0 0 0 102 17A15 15 0 0 0 87 2L60,2A15 15 0 0 0 45 17A15 15 0 0 0 60 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="74" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">name</text>
<polygon points="165,92 153,97 153,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M102,17 L 123,17 Q 138,17 138,32 L 138,77 Q 138,92 149,92 L 159,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M180,108A15 15 0 0 0 195 92A15 15 0 0 0 180 77A15 15 0 0 0 165 92A15 15 0 0 0 180 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="180" y="92" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="212,92 201,97 201,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M195,92L207,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M212,108L350,108L350,77L212,77Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="281" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">signed-number</text>
<polygon points="367,92 356,97 356,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M350,92L362,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M382,108A15 15 0 0 0 398 92A15 15 0 0 0 382 77A15 15 0 0 0 367 92A15 15 0 0 0 382 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="382" y="92" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="415,92 403,97 403,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M398,92L409,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M415,108L553,108L553,77L415,77Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="484" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">signed-number</text>
<polygon points="570,92 558,97 558,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M553,92L564,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M585,108A15 15 0 0 0 600 92A15 15 0 0 0 585 77A15 15 0 0 0 570 92A15 15 0 0 0 585 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="585" y="92" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="651,17 640,21 640,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M600,92 L 608,92 Q 615,92 615,77 L 615,32 Q 615,17 630,17 L 630,17 L 645,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="655" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="165,55 153,59 153,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M102,17 L 123,17 Q 138,17 138,32 L 138,40 Q 138,55 149,55 L 159,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M180,70A15 15 0 0 0 195 55L195,55A15 15 0 0 0 180 39A15 15 0 0 0 165 55L165,55A15 15 0 0 0 180 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="180" y="55" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="212,55 201,59 201,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M195,55L207,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M212,70L350,70L350,39L212,39Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="281" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">signed-number</text>
<polygon points="367,55 356,59 356,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M350,55L362,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M382,70A15 15 0 0 0 398 55L398,55A15 15 0 0 0 382 39A15 15 0 0 0 367 55L367,55A15 15 0 0 0 382 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="382" y="55" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="600,55 589,59 589,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M398,55L594,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M600,55 L 608,55 Q 615,55 615,47 L 615,40"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="74,47 85,43 85,51" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M102,17 L 110,17 Q 117,17 117,32 L 117,32 Q 117,47 102,47 L 94,47 L 79,47"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M74,47 L 33,47 Q 18,47 18,32 L 18,32 Q 18,17 26,17 L 33,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="382,17 371,21 371,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M102,17L377,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M382,17L630,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/signed-number.html">signed-number:</a></b>
<button id='x1757' onclick='hideorshow("x1757","x1758")'>show</button></p>
 <div id='x1758' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:292px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 292.013 99.576">
<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,44 39,48 39,40" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,30 Q 24,44 34,44 L 45,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,59A15 15 0 0 0 81 44L81,44A15 15 0 0 0 66 29A15 15 0 0 0 50 44L50,44A15 15 0 0 0 66 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="66" y="44" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">+</text>
<polygon points="122,17 111,21 111,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M81,44 L 88,44 Q 96,44 96,30 Q 96,17 106,17 L 116,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M137,32L244,32A15 15 0 0 0 259 17A15 15 0 0 0 244 2L137,2A15 15 0 0 0 122 17A15 15 0 0 0 137 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="191" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">numeric-literal</text>
<polygon points="282,17 271,21 271,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M259,17L276,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="286" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,82 39,86 39,77" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,67 Q 24,82 34,82 L 45,82"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,97A15 15 0 0 0 81 82L81,82A15 15 0 0 0 66 67A15 15 0 0 0 50 82L50,82A15 15 0 0 0 66 97Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="66" y="82" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">-</text>
<path d="M81,82 L 88,82 Q 96,82 96,67 L 96,44 L 96,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="66,17 54,21 54,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,17L60,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,17L111,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>


<a name="binaryops"></a>

<h1 id="operators_and_parse_affecting_attributes"><span>2. </span>Operators, and Parse-Affecting Attributes</h1>
<p>SQLite understands these operators, listed in precedence<sup>1</sup> order<br>
(top to bottom / highest to lowest):
</p><p></p>

  <style>
   td.optab { color: #2c2cf0; border: 2px solid black; padding: 4px; }
   th.optab { text-align: center; border: 2px solid black; padding: 4px; }
   table.optab { border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 50px }
   small.optab { color: #101010;  }
  </style>


<table class="optab" width="50%" border="1" border-collapse="collapse" line-height="1.2">
  <tr align="center">
    <th class="optab" text-align="center"><b>Operators&nbsp;<sup>2</sup></b></th>
  </tr>
  <tr align="center">
    <td class="optab">~&nbsp;<small class="optab">&lsqb;expr&rsqb;</small>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+&nbsp;<small class="optab">&lsqb;expr&rsqb;</small>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;<small class="optab">&lsqb;expr&rsqb;</small></td>
  </tr>
  <tr align="center">
    <td class="optab"><small class="optab">&lsqb;expr&rsqb;</small>&nbsp;COLLATE&nbsp;&lpar;collation-name&rpar;&nbsp;<sup>3</sup></td>
  </tr>
  <tr align="center">
    <td class="optab">||&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&gt;&gt;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr align="center">
    <td class="optab">*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;%</td>
  </tr>
  <tr align="center">
    <td class="optab">+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-</td>
  </tr>
  <tr align="center">
    <td class="optab">&amp;&ensp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;&lt;&ensp;&nbsp;&gt;&gt;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr align="center">
    <td class="optab"><small class="optab">&lsqb;expr&rsqb;</small>&nbsp;ESCAPE&nbsp;&lsqb;escape-character-expr&rsqb;&nbsp;<sup>4</sup></td>
  </tr>
  <tr align="center">
    <td class="optab">&lt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;=&nbsp;&nbsp;&gt;=</td>
  </tr>
  <tr align="center">
    <td class="optab">=&nbsp;&nbsp;==&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;!=&nbsp;&nbsp;IS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;IS&nbsp;NOT<br>
      IS&nbsp;DISTINCT&nbsp;FROM&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;IS&nbsp;NOT&nbsp;DISTINCT&nbsp;FROM<br>
      <small class="optab">&lsqb;expr&rsqb;</small>&nbsp;BETWEEN<sup>5</sup>&nbsp;<small class="optab">&lsqb;expr&rsqb;</small>&nbsp;AND&nbsp;<small class="optab">&lsqb;expr&rsqb;</small><sup>&ensp;</sup><br>
      IN<sup>5</sup>&nbsp;&nbsp;MATCH<sup>5</sup>&nbsp;&nbsp;LIKE<sup>5</sup>&nbsp;&nbsp;REGEXP<sup>5</sup>&nbsp;&nbsp;GLOB<sup>5</sup><br>
      <small class="optab">&lsqb;expr&rsqb;</small>&nbsp;ISNULL&nbsp;&nbsp;<small class="optab">&lsqb;expr&rsqb;</small>&nbsp;NOTNULL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<small class="optab">&lsqb;expr&rsqb;</small>&nbsp;NOT&nbsp;NULL
    </td>
  </tr>
  <tr align="center">
    <td class="optab">NOT&nbsp;<small class="optab">&lsqb;expr&rsqb;</small></td>
  </tr>
  <tr align="center">
    <td class="optab">AND</td>
  </tr>
  <tr align="center">
    <td class="optab">OR</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<p>
</p><ol>
<li> Operators shown within the same table cell share precedence.<br>
</li><li> "<small>&lsqb;expr&rsqb;</small>" denotes operand locations for non-binary operators.<br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;Operators with no "&lsqb;expr&rsqb;" adjunct are binary and left-associative. <br>
</li><li> The COLLATE clause (with its collation-name) acts as a single postfix operator.<br>
</li><li> The ESCAPE clause (with its escape character) acts as a single postfix operator.<br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;It can only bind to a preceding &lsqb;expr&rsqb; LIKE &lsqb;expr&rsqb; expression.<br>
</li><li> Each keyword in (BETWEEN IN GLOB LIKE MATCH REGEXP) may be prefixed<br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;by NOT, retaining the bare operator's precedence and associativity.
</li></ol>


<a name="collateop"></a>

<p>The COLLATE operator is a unary postfix
operator that assigns a <a href="datatype3.html#collation">collating sequence</a> to an expression.
The collating sequence set by the COLLATE operator overrides the
collating sequence determined by the COLLATE clause in a table
<a href="lang_createtable.html#tablecoldef">column definition</a>.
See the <a href="datatype3.html#collation">detailed discussion on collating sequences</a>
in the <a href="datatype3.html">Datatype In SQLite3</a> document for additional information.
</p>


<p>The unary operator <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>+</big></font> is a no-op.  It can be applied
to strings, numbers, blobs or NULL and it always returns a result
with the same value as the operand.</p>

<p>Note that there are two variations of the equals and not equals
operators.  Equals can be either

<font color="#2c2cf0"><big>=</big></font> or <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>==</big></font>.
The non-equals operator can be either
<font color="#2c2cf0"><big>!=</big></font> or <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>&lt;&gt;</big></font>.
The <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>||</big></font> operator is "concatenate" - it joins together
the two strings of its operands.
The <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>-&gt;</big></font> and <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>-&gt;&gt;</big></font> operators are "extract";
they extract the RHS component from the LHS.
For an example, see
 <a href="json1.html#jptr">JSON subcomponent extraction</a>.</p>

<p>
The <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>%</big></font> operator <a href="lang_expr.html#castexpr">casts</a> both of its operands to type
INTEGER and then computes the remainder after dividing the left integer
by the right integer. The other arithmetic operators perform integer
arithmetic if both operands are integers and no overflow would result,
or floating point arithmetic, per IEEE Standard 754, if either operand
is a real value or integer arithmetic would produce an overflow.
Integer divide yields an integer result, truncated toward zero.
</p>

<p>The result of any binary operator is either a numeric value or 
NULL, except for the <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>||</big></font> concatenation operator,
and the <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>-&gt;</big></font> and <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>-&gt;&gt;</big></font> extract operators
which evaluate to either NULL or a text value.</p>

<p>All operators generally evaluate to NULL when any operand is NULL,
with specific exceptions as stated below. This is in accordance with
the SQL92 standard.</p>

<p> When paired with NULL:<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#2c2cf0"><big>AND</big></font> evaluates to 0 (false) when
the other operand is false; and<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="#2c2cf0"><big>OR</big></font> evaluates to 1 (true)
when the other operand is true.
</p>


<a name="isisnot"></a>


<p>The <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>IS</big></font> and <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>IS NOT</big></font> operators work
like <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>=</big></font> and <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>!=</big></font> except when one or both of the
operands are NULL. In this case, if both operands are NULL, then the
IS operator evaluates to 1 (true) and the IS NOT operator evaluates
to 0 (false). If one operand is NULL and the other is not, then the
IS operator evaluates to 0 (false) and the IS NOT operator is 1 (true).
It is not possible for an IS or IS NOT expression to evaluate to NULL.

<a name="isdf"></a>


<p>
The <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>IS NOT DISTINCT FROM</big></font> operator is an alternative spelling
for the <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>IS</big></font> operator.
Likewise, the <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>IS DISTINCT FROM</big></font> operator means the same thing
as <font color="#2c2cf0"><big>IS NOT</big></font>.  Standard SQL does not support the compact IS and IS NOT
notation.  Those compact forms are an SQLite extension.  You have to use
the prolix and much less readable IS NOT DISTINCT FROM and
IS DISTINCT FROM operators on other SQL database engines.

<a name="litvalue"></a>

</p><h1 id="literal_values_constants_"><span>3. </span>Literal Values (Constants)</h1>
<p>
A literal value represents a constant.
Literal values may be integers, floating point numbers, strings,
BLOBs, or NULLs.
</p><p>
The syntax for integer and floating point literals (collectively
"numeric literals") is shown by the following diagram:</p>

<p><b><a href="syntax/numeric-literal.html">numeric-literal:</a></b></p><div class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:765px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 765.562 214.056">
<circle cx="5" cy="36" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="63,36 51,41 51,32" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,36L57,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M78,51L98,51A15 15 0 0 0 113 36A15 15 0 0 0 98 21L78,21A15 15 0 0 0 63 36A15 15 0 0 0 78 51Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="88" y="36" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">digit</text>
<polygon points="88,6 99,2 99,10" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M113,36 L 121,36 Q 128,36 128,21 L 128,21 Q 128,6 113,6 L 109,6 L 94,6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M88,6 L 51,6 Q 36,6 36,21 L 36,21 Q 36,36 44,36 L 51,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="176,66 164,71 164,62" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M113,36 L 134,36 Q 149,36 149,51 L 149,51 Q 149,66 159,66 L 170,66"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M191,82A15 15 0 0 0 206 66L206,66A15 15 0 0 0 191 51A15 15 0 0 0 176 66L176,66A15 15 0 0 0 191 82Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="191" y="66" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">.</text>
<polygon points="267,66 255,71 255,62" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M206,66L261,66"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="340,66 328,71 328,62" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M267,66L334,66"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="381,36 370,41 370,32" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M340,66 L 347,66 Q 355,66 355,51 L 355,51 Q 355,36 365,36 L 375,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="423,74 411,78 411,70" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M381,36 L 389,36 Q 396,36 396,51 L 396,59 Q 396,74 406,74 L 417,74"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M438,89A15 15 0 0 0 453 74L453,74A15 15 0 0 0 438 59A15 15 0 0 0 423 74L423,74A15 15 0 0 0 438 89Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="438" y="74" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">E</text>
<polygon points="494,74 483,78 483,70" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M453,74L489,74"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="423,112 411,116 411,108" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M381,36 L 389,36 Q 396,36 396,51 L 396,97 Q 396,112 406,112 L 417,112"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M438,127A15 15 0 0 0 453 112A15 15 0 0 0 438 97A15 15 0 0 0 423 112A15 15 0 0 0 438 127Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="438" y="112" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">e</text>
<path d="M453,112 L 460,112 Q 468,112 468,97 L 468,89 Q 468,74 475,74 L 483,74"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M257,112L277,112A15 15 0 0 0 292 97L292,97A15 15 0 0 0 277 82L257,82A15 15 0 0 0 242 97L242,97A15 15 0 0 0 257 112Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="267" y="97" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">digit</text>
<polygon points="292,97 304,92 304,101" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M267,66 L 304,66 Q 319,66 319,81 L 319,82 Q 319,97 308,97 L 298,97"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M242,97 L 234,97 Q 227,97 227,82 L 227,81 Q 227,66 234,66 L 242,66"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="267,36 255,41 255,32" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M113,36L261,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M267,36L370,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,135 39,139 39,130" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,36 L 16,36 Q 24,36 24,51 L 24,120 Q 24,135 34,135 L 45,135"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,150A15 15 0 0 0 81 135A15 15 0 0 0 66 119A15 15 0 0 0 50 135A15 15 0 0 0 66 150Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="66" y="135" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">.</text>
<polygon points="117,135 105,139 105,130" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M81,135L111,135"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M132,150L152,150A15 15 0 0 0 167 135A15 15 0 0 0 152 119L132,119A15 15 0 0 0 117 135A15 15 0 0 0 132 150Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="142" y="135" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">digit</text>
<polygon points="340,135 328,139 328,130" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M167,135L334,135"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M340,135 L 347,135 Q 355,135 355,120 L 355,66 L 355,51"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="142,104 153,100 153,109" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M167,135 L 174,135 Q 182,135 182,120 L 182,119 Q 182,104 167,104 L 162,104 L 147,104"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M142,104 L 105,104 Q 90,104 90,119 L 90,120 Q 90,135 98,135 L 105,135"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="536,142 524,146 524,138" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M494,74 L 502,74 Q 509,74 509,89 L 509,127 Q 509,142 520,142 L 530,142"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M551,157A15 15 0 0 0 566 142A15 15 0 0 0 551 127A15 15 0 0 0 536 142A15 15 0 0 0 551 157Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="551" y="142" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">-</text>
<polygon points="628,74 616,78 616,70" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M566,142 L 574,142 Q 581,142 581,127 L 581,89 Q 581,74 596,74 L 607,74 L 622,74"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M643,89L663,89A15 15 0 0 0 678 74L678,74A15 15 0 0 0 663 59L643,59A15 15 0 0 0 628 74L628,74A15 15 0 0 0 643 89Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="653" y="74" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">digit</text>
<polygon points="714,74 703,78 703,70" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M678,74L708,74"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="756,36 744,41 744,32" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M714,74 L 722,74 Q 729,74 729,59 L 729,51 Q 729,36 740,36 L 750,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="759" cy="36" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="536,104 524,109 524,100" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M494,74 L 502,74 Q 509,74 509,89 L 509,89 Q 509,104 520,104 L 530,104"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M551,119A15 15 0 0 0 566 104A15 15 0 0 0 551 89A15 15 0 0 0 536 104A15 15 0 0 0 551 119Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="551" y="104" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">+</text>
<path d="M566,104 L 574,104 Q 581,104 581,97 L 581,89"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="551,36 540,41 540,32" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M381,36L545,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M551,36L744,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="551,74 540,78 540,70" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M494,74L545,74"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M551,74L616,74"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="653,50 665,46 665,54" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M678,74 L 686,74 Q 693,74 693,62 Q 693,50 678,50 L 674,50 L 659,50"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M653,50 L 616,50 Q 601,50 601,62 Q 601,74 609,74 L 616,74"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="50,180 39,184 39,176" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,36 L 16,36 Q 24,36 24,51 L 24,165 Q 24,180 34,180 L 45,180"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M66,195L69,195A15 15 0 0 0 84 180A15 15 0 0 0 69 165L66,165A15 15 0 0 0 50 180A15 15 0 0 0 66 195Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="67" y="180" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">0x</text>
<polygon points="120,180 108,184 108,176" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M84,180L114,180"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M135,195L185,195A15 15 0 0 0 200 180A15 15 0 0 0 185 165L135,165A15 15 0 0 0 120 180A15 15 0 0 0 135 195Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="160" y="180" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">hexdigit</text>
<polygon points="714,180 703,184 703,176" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M200,180L708,180"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M714,180 L 722,180 Q 729,180 729,165 L 729,74 L 729,59"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="160,207 171,203 171,211" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M200,180 L 207,180 Q 215,180 215,193 Q 215,207 200,207 L 180,207 L 165,207"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M160,207 L 108,207 Q 93,207 93,193 Q 93,180 101,180 L 108,180"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
 </div>


<p>
If a numeric literal has a decimal point or an exponentiation
clause or if it is less than -9223372036854775808 or
greater than 9223372036854775807, then it is a floating point literal.
Otherwise is it is an  integer literal.
The "E" character that begins the exponentiation
clause of a floating point literal can be either upper or lower case.
The "." character is always used 
as the decimal point even if the locale setting specifies "," for
this role - the use of "," for the decimal point would result in
syntactic ambiguity.

<a name="hexint"></a>

</p><p>Hexadecimal integer literals follow the C-language notation of
"0x" or "0X" followed by hexadecimal digits.
For example, 0x1234 means the same as 4660
and 0x8000000000000000 means the same as -9223372036854775808.
 Hexadecimal integer literals are interpreted as 64-bit
two's-complement integers and are thus limited
to sixteen significant digits of precision.
Support for hexadecimal integers was added to SQLite
version 3.8.6 (2014-08-15).
For backwards compatibility, the "0x" hexadecimal integer
notation is only understood by the SQL language parser, not by the
type conversions routines.
String variables that
contain text formatted like hexadecimal integers are not
interpreted as hexadecimal integers when coercing the string value
into an integer due to a <a href="lang_expr.html#castexpr">CAST expression</a> or for a <a href="datatype3.html#affinity">column affinity</a>
transformation or prior to performing a numeric operation or for
any other run-time conversions.  When coercing a
string value in the format of a hexadecimal integer into an integer
value, the conversion process stops when the 'x' character is seen
so the resulting integer value is always zero.
SQLite only understands the hexadecimal integer notation when it
appears in the SQL statement text, not when it appears as
part of the content of the database.

</p><p> A string constant is formed by enclosing the
string in single quotes (').  A single quote within the string can
be encoded by putting two single quotes in a row - as in Pascal.
C-style escapes using the backslash character are not supported because
they are not standard SQL.

</p><p> BLOB literals are string literals containing hexadecimal data and
preceded by a single "x" or "X" character.  Example: X'53514C697465'

</p><p>
A literal value can also be the token "NULL".
</p>

<a name="varparam"></a>

<h1 id="parameters"><span>4. </span>Parameters</h1>
<p>
A "variable" or "parameter" token
specifies a placeholder in the expression for a 
value that is filled in at runtime using the
<a href="c3ref/bind_blob.html">sqlite3_bind()</a> family of C/C++ interfaces.
Parameters can take several forms:
</p>

<blockquote>
<table>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top"><b>?</b><i>NNN</i></td><td width="20"></td>
<td>A question mark followed by a number <i>NNN</i> holds a spot for the
NNN-th parameter.  NNN must be between 1 and <a href="limits.html#max_variable_number">SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER</a>.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top"><b>?</b></td><td width="20"></td>
<td>A question mark that is not followed by a number creates a parameter
with a number one greater than the largest parameter number already assigned.
If this means the parameter number is greater than
<a href="limits.html#max_variable_number">SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER</a>, it is an error.
This parameter format is provided for compatibility with other database
engines.  But because it is easy to miscount the question marks, the
use of this parameter format is discouraged.  Programmers are encouraged
to use one of the symbolic formats below or the ?NNN format above instead.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top"><b>:</b><i>AAAA</i></td><td width="20"></td>
<td>A colon followed by an identifier name holds a spot for a 
<a href="c3ref/bind_parameter_name.html">named parameter</a> with the name :AAAA.  
Named parameters are also numbered. The number assigned is one greater than
the largest parameter number already assigned. If this means the parameter
would be assigned a number greater than <a href="limits.html#max_variable_number">SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER</a>, it is
an error. To avoid confusion, it is best to avoid mixing named and numbered
parameters.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top"><b>@</b><i>AAAA</i></td><td width="20"></td>
<td>An "at" sign works exactly like a colon, except that the name of
the parameter created is @AAAA.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" valign="top"><b>$</b><i>AAAA</i></td><td width="20"></td>
<td>A dollar-sign followed by an identifier name also holds a spot for a named
parameter with the name $AAAA.  The identifier name in this case can include
one or more occurrences of "::" and a suffix enclosed in "(...)" containing
any text at all.  This syntax is the form of a variable name in the
<a href="http://www.tcl-lang.org/">Tcl programming language</a>.  The presence
of this syntax results from the fact that SQLite is really a 
<a href="tclsqlite.html">Tcl extension</a> that has escaped into the wild.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</blockquote>

<p>Parameters that are not assigned values using
<a href="c3ref/bind_blob.html">sqlite3_bind()</a> are treated
as NULL.  The <a href="c3ref/bind_parameter_index.html">sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()</a> interface can be used
to translate a symbolic parameter name into its equivalent numeric index.</p>

<p>The maximum parameter number is set at compile-time by
the <a href="limits.html#max_variable_number">SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER</a> macro.  An individual <a href="c3ref/sqlite3.html">database connection</a>
D can reduce its maximum parameter number below the compile-time maximum
using the <a href="c3ref/limit.html">sqlite3_limit</a>(D, <a href="c3ref/c_limit_attached.html#sqlitelimitvariablenumber">SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</a>,...) interface.
</p>

<a name="like"></a>

<h1 id="the_like_glob_regexp_match_and_extract_operators"><span>5. </span>The LIKE, GLOB, REGEXP, MATCH, and extract operators</h1>
<p>The LIKE operator does a pattern matching comparison. The operand
to the right of the LIKE operator contains the pattern and the left hand
operand contains the string to match against the pattern.

A percent symbol ("%") in the LIKE pattern matches any
sequence of zero or more characters in the string.  An underscore
("_") in the LIKE pattern matches any single character in the
string.  Any other character matches itself or its lower/upper case
equivalent (i.e. case-insensitive matching).

<u>Important Note:</u> SQLite only
understands upper/lower case for ASCII characters by default.  The
LIKE operator is case sensitive by default for unicode characters that are
beyond the ASCII range.  For example,
the expression <b>'a'&nbsp;LIKE&nbsp;'A'</b>
is TRUE but <b>'&aelig;'&nbsp;LIKE&nbsp;'&AElig;'</b> is FALSE.
The ICU extension to SQLite includes an enhanced version of the
LIKE operator that does case folding across all unicode characters.</p>

<p>If the optional ESCAPE clause is present, then the expression
following the ESCAPE keyword must evaluate to a string consisting of
a single character. This character may be used in the LIKE pattern
to include literal percent or underscore characters. The escape
character followed by a percent symbol (%), underscore (_), or a second
instance of the escape character itself matches a
literal percent symbol, underscore, or a single escape character,
respectively.

</p><p>The infix LIKE operator is implemented by calling the
application-defined SQL functions <a href="lang_corefunc.html#like">like(<i>Y</i>,<i>X</i>)</a> or
<a href="lang_corefunc.html#like">like(<i>Y</i>,<i>X</i>,<i>Z</i>)</a>.</p>

<p>The LIKE operator can be made case sensitive using the
<a href="pragma.html#pragma_case_sensitive_like">case_sensitive_like pragma</a>.</p>

<a name="glob"></a>

<p>The GLOB operator is similar to LIKE but uses the Unix
file globbing syntax for its wildcards.  Also, GLOB is case
sensitive, unlike LIKE.  Both GLOB and LIKE may be preceded by
the NOT keyword to invert the sense of the test.  The infix GLOB 
operator is implemented by calling the function
<a href="lang_corefunc.html#glob">glob(<i>Y</i>,<i>X</i>)</a> and can be modified by overriding
that function.</p>

<a name="regexp"></a>

<p>The REGEXP operator is a special syntax for the regexp()
user function.  No regexp() user function is defined by default
and so use of the REGEXP operator will normally result in an
error message.  If an <a href="appfunc.html">application-defined SQL function</a> named "regexp"
is added at run-time, then the "<i>X</i> REGEXP <i>Y</i>" operator will
be implemented as a call to "regexp(<i>Y</i>,<i>X</i>)".</p>

<a name="match"></a>

<p>The MATCH operator is a special syntax for the match()
application-defined function.  The default match() function implementation
raises an exception and is not really useful for anything.
But extensions can override the match() function with more
helpful logic.</p>

<a name="extract"></a>

<p>The extract operators act as a special syntax for functions
"-&gt;"() and "-&gt;&gt;"(). Default implementations for these functions
perform <a href="\"json1.html#jptr\"">JSON subcomponent extraction</a>,
but extensions can override them for other purposes.</p>

<a name="between"></a>

<h1 id="the_between_operator"><span>6. </span>The BETWEEN operator</h1>
<p>The BETWEEN operator is logically equivalent to a pair of comparisons.
"<i>x</i> <b>BETWEEN</b> <i>y</i> <b>AND</b> <i>z</i>" is 
equivalent to 
"<i>x</i><b>&gt;=</b><i>y</i> <b>AND</b> <i>x</i><b>&lt;=</b><i>z</i>" except
that with BETWEEN, the <i>x</i> expression is only evaluated once.

<a name="case"></a>

</p><h1 id="the_case_expression"><span>7. </span>The CASE expression</h1>
<p>A CASE expression serves a role similar to IF-THEN-ELSE in other
programming languages.  

</p><p>The optional expression that occurs in between the CASE keyword and the
first WHEN keyword is called the "base" expression. There are two
fundamental forms
of the CASE expression: those with a base expression and those without.

</p><p>In a CASE without a base expression, each WHEN expression is evaluated
and the result treated as a boolean, starting with the leftmost and continuing
to the right. The result of the CASE expression is the evaluation of the THEN
expression that corresponds to the first WHEN expression that evaluates to
true. Or, if none of the WHEN expressions evaluate to true, the result of
evaluating the ELSE expression, if any. If there is no ELSE expression and
none of the WHEN expressions are true, then the overall result is NULL.

</p><p>A NULL result is considered untrue when evaluating WHEN terms.

</p><p>In a CASE with a base expression, the base expression is evaluated just
once and the result is compared against the evaluation of each WHEN 
expression from left to right. The result of the CASE expression is the 
evaluation of the THEN expression that corresponds to the first WHEN
expression for which the comparison is true. Or, if none of the WHEN
expressions evaluate to a value equal to the base expression, the result
of evaluating the ELSE expression, if any. If there is no ELSE expression and
none of the WHEN expressions produce a result equal to the base expression,
the overall result is NULL.

</p><p>When comparing a base expression against a WHEN expression, the same
collating sequence, affinity, and NULL-handling rules apply as if the
base expression and WHEN expression are respectively the left- and
right-hand operands of an <big><b>=</b></big> operator.</p> 

<p>If the base 
expression is NULL then the result of the CASE is always the result 
of evaluating the ELSE expression if it exists, or NULL if it does not.

</p><p>Both forms of the CASE expression use lazy, or short-circuit, 
evaluation.

</p><p>The only difference between the following two CASE expressions is that 
the <i>x</i> expression is evaluated exactly once in the first example but 
might be evaluated multiple times in the second:

</p><ul><pre>
<li>CASE x WHEN w1 THEN r1 WHEN w2 THEN r2 ELSE r3 END
</li><li>CASE WHEN x=w1 THEN r1 WHEN x=w2 THEN r2 ELSE r3 END
</li></pre></ul>

<p>The built-in <a href="lang_corefunc.html#iif">iif(x,y,z) SQL function</a> is logically
equivalent to "CASE WHEN x THEN y ELSE z END".  The iif() function
is found in SQL Server and is included in SQLite for compatibility.
Some developers prefer the iif() function because it is more
concise.


<a name="in_op"></a>

</p><h1 id="the_in_and_not_in_operators"><span>8. </span>The IN and NOT IN operators</h1>
<p>The IN and NOT IN operators take an expression on the
left and a list of values or a subquery on the right.
When the right operand of an IN or NOT IN operator is a subquery, the
subquery must have the same number of columns as there are columns in
the <a href="rowvalue.html">row value</a> of the left operand.  The subquery on the
right of an IN or NOT IN operator must be a scalar subquery if the left
expression is not a <a href="rowvalue.html">row value</a> expression.
If the right operand of an IN or NOT IN operator is a list of values,
each of those values must be scalars and the left expression must also
be a scalar.
The right-hand side of an IN or NOT IN operator can be a
table <i>name</i> or <a href="vtab.html#tabfunc2">table-valued function</a> <i>name</i> in which 
case the right-hand side is understood to be subquery of
the form "(SELECT * FROM <i>name</i>)".
When the right operand is an empty set, the result of IN is false and the
result of NOT IN is true, regardless of the left operand and even if the
left operand is NULL.
</p><p>The result of an IN or NOT IN operator is determined by the following
matrix:

</p><blockquote>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>Left operand <br>is NULL
</th><th>Right operand <br>contains NULL
</th><th>Right operand <br>is an empty set
</th><th>Left operand found <br>within right operand
</th><th>Result of <br>IN operator
</th><th>Result of <br>NOT IN operator
</th></tr><tr>
<td align="center">no
</td><td align="center">no
</td><td align="center">no
</td><td align="center">no
</td><td align="center">false
</td><td align="center">true
</td></tr><tr>
<td align="center">does not matter
</td><td align="center">no
</td><td align="center">yes
</td><td align="center">no
</td><td align="center">false
</td><td align="center">true
</td></tr><tr>
<td align="center">no
</td><td align="center">does not matter
</td><td align="center">no
</td><td align="center">yes
</td><td align="center">true
</td><td align="center">false
</td></tr><tr>
<td align="center">no
</td><td align="center">yes
</td><td align="center">no
</td><td align="center">no
</td><td align="center">NULL
</td><td align="center">NULL
</td></tr><tr>
<td align="center">yes
</td><td align="center">does not matter
</td><td align="center">no
</td><td align="center">does not matter
</td><td align="center">NULL
</td><td align="center">NULL
</td></tr></table>
</blockquote>

<p>Note that SQLite allows the parenthesized list of scalar values on
the right-hand side of an IN or NOT IN operator to be an empty list but
most other SQL database engines and the SQL92 standard require
the list to contain at least one element.</p>

<h1 id="table_column_names"><span>9. </span>Table Column Names</h1>

<p>A column name can be any of the names defined in the <a href="lang_createtable.html">CREATE TABLE</a>
statement or one of the following special identifiers: "<b>ROWID</b>",
"<b>OID</b>", or "<b>_ROWID_</b>".
The three special identifiers describe the
unique integer key (the <a href="lang_createtable.html#rowid">rowid</a>) associated with every 
row of every table and so are not available on <a href="withoutrowid.html">WITHOUT ROWID</a> tables.
The special identifiers only refer to the row key if the <a href="lang_createtable.html">CREATE TABLE</a>
statement does not define a real column with the same name.
The rowid can be used anywhere a regular
column can be used.</p>

<a name="exists_op"></a>

<h1 id="the_exists_operator"><span>10. </span>The EXISTS operator</h1>

<p>The EXISTS operator always evaluates to one of the integer values 0 
and 1. If executing the SELECT statement specified as the right-hand 
operand of the EXISTS operator would return one or more rows, then the
EXISTS operator evaluates to 1. If executing the SELECT would return
no rows at all, then the EXISTS operator evaluates to 0. 

</p><p>The number of columns in each row returned by the SELECT statement
(if any) and the specific values returned have no effect on the results
of the EXISTS operator. In particular, rows containing NULL values are
not handled any differently from rows without NULL values.

<a name="subq"></a>

</p><h1 id="subquery_expressions"><span>11. </span>Subquery Expressions</h1>

<p>A <a href="lang_select.html">SELECT</a> statement enclosed in parentheses is a subquery.
All types of SELECT statement, including
aggregate and compound SELECT queries (queries with keywords like
UNION or EXCEPT) are allowed as scalar subqueries.
The value of a subquery expression is the first row of the result
from the enclosed <a href="lang_select.html">SELECT</a> statement.
The value of a subquery expression is NULL if the enclosed
<a href="lang_select.html">SELECT</a> statement returns no rows.

</p><p>A subquery that returns a single column is a scalar subquery and can
be used most anywhere.
A subquery that returns two or more columns is a <a href="rowvalue.html">row value</a>
subquery and can only be used as the operand of a comparison operator.

<a name="cosub"></a>

</p><h1 id="correlated_subqueries"><span>12. </span>Correlated Subqueries</h1>

<p>A <a href="lang_select.html">SELECT</a> statement used as either a scalar subquery or as the 
right-hand operand of an IN, NOT IN or EXISTS expression may contain 
references to columns in the outer query. Such a subquery is known as
a correlated subquery. A correlated subquery is reevaluated each time
its result is required. An uncorrelated subquery is evaluated only once
and the result reused as necessary.

<a name="castexpr"></a>

</p><h1 id="cast_expressions"><span>13. </span>CAST expressions</h1>

<p>A CAST expression of the form "CAST(<i>expr</i> AS <i>type-name</i>)"
is used to convert the value of <i>expr</i> to 
a different <a href="datatype3.html#storageclasses">storage class</a> specified by <span class='yyterm'>type-name</span>.
A CAST conversion is similar to the conversion that takes
place when a <a href="datatype3.html#affinity">column affinity</a> is applied to a value except that with
the CAST operator the conversion always takes place even if the conversion
lossy and irreversible, whereas column affinity only changes the data type
of a value if the change is lossless and reversible.

</p><p>If the value of <i>expr</i> is NULL, then the result of the CAST
expression is also NULL. Otherwise, the storage class of the result
is determined by applying the <a href="datatype3.html#affname">rules for determining column affinity</a> to
the <span class='yyterm'>type-name</span>.

</p><blockquote>
<table border="1">
<tr>
  <th> Affinity of <span class='yyterm'><nobr>type-name</nobr></span>
  </th><th> Conversion Processing
</th></tr><tr>
  <td> NONE 
  </td><td> Casting a value to a <span class='yyterm'>type-name</span> with no affinity 
  causes the value to
  be converted into a BLOB.  Casting to a BLOB consists of first casting
  the value to TEXT in the <a href="pragma.html#pragma_encoding">encoding</a> of the database connection, then
  interpreting the resulting byte sequence as a BLOB instead of as TEXT.

</td></tr><tr>
  <td> TEXT
  </td><td> To cast a BLOB value to TEXT, the sequence of bytes that make up the
  BLOB is interpreted as text encoded using the database encoding.
  <p>
   Casting an INTEGER or REAL value into TEXT renders the value as if via 
    <a href="c3ref/mprintf.html">sqlite3_snprintf()</a> except that the resulting TEXT uses the <a href="pragma.html#pragma_encoding">encoding</a> of
    the database connection.

</p></td></tr><tr>
  <td> REAL
  </td><td> When casting a BLOB value to a REAL, the value is first converted to
        TEXT.
       <p>When casting a TEXT value to REAL, the longest possible prefix of
        the value that can be interpreted as a real number is extracted from
        the TEXT value and the remainder ignored. Any leading spaces in the
        TEXT value are ignored when converging from TEXT to REAL. If there is
        no prefix that can be interpreted as a real number, the result of the
        conversion is 0.0.

</p></td></tr><tr>
  <td> INTEGER
  </td><td> When casting a BLOB value to INTEGER, the value is first converted to
        TEXT.
       <p>When casting a TEXT value to INTEGER, the longest possible prefix of
        the value that can be interpreted as an integer number is extracted from
        the TEXT value and the remainder ignored. Any leading spaces in the
        TEXT value when converting from TEXT to INTEGER are ignored. If there
        is no prefix that can be interpreted as an integer number, the result
        of the conversion is 0.  If the prefix integer is greater than
        +9223372036854775807 then the result of the cast is exactly
        +9223372036854775807.  Similarly, if the prefix integer is
        less than -9223372036854775808 then the result of the cast is
        exactly -9223372036854775808.

        </p><p>When casting to INTEGER, if the text looks like a floating point
        value with an exponent, the exponent will be ignored because it is
        no part of the integer prefix.  For example,
        "(CAST '123e+5' AS INTEGER)" results in 123, not in 12300000.

        </p><p> The CAST operator understands decimal
        integers only &mdash; conversion of <a href="lang_expr.html#hexint">hexadecimal integers</a> stops 
        at the "x" in the "0x" prefix of the hexadecimal integer string 
        and thus result of the CAST is always zero.

      </p><p>A cast of a REAL value into an INTEGER results in the integer
      between the REAL value and zero that is closest to the REAL value.
      If a REAL is greater than the greatest possible signed
      integer (+9223372036854775807) then the result is the greatest possible
      signed integer and if the REAL is less than the least possible signed
      integer (-9223372036854775808) then the result is the least possible
      signed integer.

      </p><p>Prior to SQLite version 3.8.2 (2013-12-06),
      casting a REAL value greater than
      +9223372036854775807.0 into an integer resulted in the most negative
      integer, -9223372036854775808.  This behavior was meant to emulate the
      behavior of x86/x64 hardware when doing the equivalent cast.

</p></td></tr><tr>
  <td> NUMERIC
  </td><td> Casting a TEXT or BLOB value into NUMERIC yields either an INTEGER or
   a REAL result.
   If the input text looks like an integer (there is no decimal point nor
   exponent) and the value is small enough to fit in a 64-bit signed integer,
   then the result will be INTEGER.
   Input text that looks like floating point (there is a decimal point and/or
   an exponent) and the text describes a value that 
   can be losslessly converted back and forth between IEEE 754 64-bit float and a
   51-bit signed integer, then the result is INTEGER.
   (In the previous sentence, a 51-bit integer is specified since that is one
   bit less than the length of the mantissa of an IEEE 754 64-bit float and
   thus provides a 1-bit of margin for the text-to-float conversion operation.)
   Any text input that describes a value outside the range of a 64-bit
   signed integer yields a REAL result.
   <p> Casting a REAL or INTEGER value to NUMERIC is a no-op, even if a real
   value could be losslessly converted to an integer.
</p></td></tr>
</table>
</blockquote>

<p>Note that the result from casting any non-BLOB value into a 
BLOB and the result from casting any BLOB value into a non-BLOB value
may be different depending on whether the database <a href="pragma.html#pragma_encoding">encoding</a> is UTF-8,
UTF-16be, or UTF-16le.


<a name="booleanexpr"></a>

</p><h1 id="boolean_expressions"><span>14. </span>Boolean Expressions</h1>

<p>The SQL language features several contexts where an expression is 
evaluated and the result converted to a boolean (true or false) value. These
contexts are:

  </p><ul>
    <li> the WHERE clause of a SELECT, UPDATE or DELETE statement,
    </li><li> the ON or USING clause of a join in a SELECT statement,
    </li><li> the HAVING clause of a SELECT statement,
    </li><li> the WHEN clause of an SQL trigger, and
    </li><li> the WHEN clause or clauses of some CASE expressions.
  </li></ul>

<p>To convert the results of an SQL expression to a boolean value, SQLite
first casts the result to a NUMERIC value in the same way as a 
<a href="lang_expr.html#castexpr">CAST expression</a>. A numeric zero value (integer value 0 or real 
value 0.0) is considered to be false.  A NULL value is still NULL.
All other values are considered true.

</p><p>For example, the values NULL, 0.0, 0, 'english' and '0' are all considered
to be false. Values 1, 1.0, 0.1, -0.1 and '1english' are considered to 
be true.

</p><p>Beginning with SQLite 3.23.0 (2018-04-02), SQLite recognizes the
identifiers "TRUE" and "FALSE" as boolean literals, if and only if those
identifiers are not already used for some other meaning.  If there already
exists columns or tables or other objects named TRUE or FALSE, then for
the sake of backwards compatibility, the TRUE and FALSE identifiers refer
to those other objects, not to the boolean values.

</p><p>The boolean identifiers TRUE and FALSE are usually just aliases for
the integer values 1 and 0, respectively.  However, if TRUE or FALSE
occur on the right-hand side of an IS operator, then the IS operator
evaluates the left-hand operand as a boolean value and returns an appropriate
answer.

</p><h1 id="functions"><span>15. </span>Functions</h1>
<p>SQLite supports many <a href="lang_corefunc.html">simple</a>, <a href="lang_aggfunc.html">aggregate</a>,
and <a href="windowfunctions.html">window</a>
SQL functions.  For presentation purposes, simple functions are further
subdivided into <a href="lang_corefunc.html">core functions</a>, <a href="lang_datefunc.html">date-time functions</a>,
and <a href="json1.html">JSON functions</a>.
Applications can add new functions, written in C/C++, using the
<a href="c3ref/create_function.html">sqlite3_create_function()</a> interface.
</p>

<p>
The main expression bubble diagram above shows a single syntax for
all function invocations.  But this is merely to simplify the expression
bubble diagram.  In reality, each type of function has a slightly different
syntax, shown below.  The function invocation syntax shown in the main
expression bubble diagram is the union of the three syntaxes shown here:

<p><b><a href="syntax/simple-function-invocation.html">simple-function-invocation:</a></b></p><div class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:414px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 414.49 126.792">
<circle cx="5" cy="55" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="32,55 20,59 20,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,55L26,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M47,70L126,70A15 15 0 0 0 141 55A15 15 0 0 0 126 39L47,39A15 15 0 0 0 32 55A15 15 0 0 0 47 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="86" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">simple-func</text>
<polygon points="164,55 152,59 152,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M141,55L158,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M179,70A15 15 0 0 0 194 55A15 15 0 0 0 179 39A15 15 0 0 0 164 55A15 15 0 0 0 179 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="179" y="55" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="248,55 237,59 237,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M194,55L242,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M248,70L297,70L297,39L248,39Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="273" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="351,55 340,59 340,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M297,55L346,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M366,70A15 15 0 0 0 382 55A15 15 0 0 0 366 39A15 15 0 0 0 351 55A15 15 0 0 0 366 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="366" y="55" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="405,55 393,59 393,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M382,55L399,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="408" cy="55" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M273,32A15 15 0 0 0 288 17L288,17A15 15 0 0 0 273 2A15 15 0 0 0 258 17L258,17A15 15 0 0 0 273 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="273" y="17" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="288,17 299,12 299,21" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M297,55 L 305,55 Q 312,55 312,40 L 312,32 Q 312,17 303,17 L 294,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M258,17 L 237,17 Q 222,17 222,32 L 222,40 Q 222,55 229,55 L 237,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="273,82 261,86 261,77" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M194,55 L 202,55 Q 209,55 209,68 Q 209,82 224,82 L 252,82 L 267,82"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M273,82 L 310,82 Q 325,82 325,68 Q 325,55 332,55 L 340,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M273,124A15 15 0 0 0 288 109A15 15 0 0 0 273 94A15 15 0 0 0 258 109A15 15 0 0 0 273 124Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="273" y="109" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">*</text>
<polygon points="258,109 246,113 246,105" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M194,55 L 202,55 Q 209,55 209,70 L 209,94 Q 209,109 224,109 L 237,109 L 252,109"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M288,109 L 310,109 Q 325,109 325,94 L 325,85 L 325,70"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
 </div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/aggregate-function-invocation.html">aggregate-function-invocation:</a></b></p><div class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:819px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 819.533 117.504">
<circle cx="5" cy="56" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="32,56 20,60 20,52" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,56L26,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M47,71L156,71A15 15 0 0 0 171 56A15 15 0 0 0 156 41L47,41A15 15 0 0 0 32 56A15 15 0 0 0 47 71Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="102" y="56" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">aggregate-func</text>
<polygon points="189,56 178,60 178,52" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M171,56L183,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M204,71A15 15 0 0 0 219 56A15 15 0 0 0 204 41A15 15 0 0 0 189 56A15 15 0 0 0 204 71Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="204" y="56" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="242,56 231,60 231,52" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M219,56L237,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="277,26 265,30 265,22" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M242,56 L 248,56 Q 254,56 254,41 L 254,41 Q 254,26 263,26 L 271,26"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M292,41L360,41A15 15 0 0 0 376 26L376,26A15 15 0 0 0 360 11L292,11A15 15 0 0 0 277 26L277,26A15 15 0 0 0 292 41Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="326" y="26" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">DISTINCT</text>
<polygon points="394,26 382,30 382,22" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M376,26L388,26"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="428,56 417,60 417,52" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M394,26 L 399,26 Q 405,26 405,41 L 405,41 Q 405,56 414,56 L 422,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="464,56 453,60 453,52" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M428,56L458,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M464,71L513,71L513,41L464,41Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="489" y="56" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="567,56 556,60 556,52" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M513,56L562,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M582,71A15 15 0 0 0 598 56A15 15 0 0 0 582 41A15 15 0 0 0 567 56A15 15 0 0 0 582 71Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="582" y="56" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="644,86 632,91 632,82" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M598,56 L 609,56 Q 621,56 621,71 L 621,71 Q 621,86 629,86 L 638,86"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M644,101L756,101L756,71L644,71Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="700" y="86" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">filter-clause</text>
<polygon points="810,56 798,60 798,52" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M756,86 L 765,86 Q 774,86 774,71 L 774,71 Q 774,56 789,56 L 789,56 L 804,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="813" cy="56" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="700,56 688,60 688,52" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M598,56L694,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="810,56 798,60 798,52" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M700,56L804,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="326,56 315,60 315,52" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M242,56L321,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="428,56 417,60 417,52" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M326,56L422,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M489,32A15 15 0 0 0 504 17A15 15 0 0 0 489 2A15 15 0 0 0 474 17A15 15 0 0 0 489 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="489" y="17" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="504,17 515,12 515,21" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M513,56 L 525,56 Q 536,56 536,41 L 536,32 Q 536,17 523,17 L 510,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="464,56 453,60 453,52" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M474,17 L 456,17 Q 441,17 441,32 L 441,41 Q 441,56 450,56 L 458,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M393,101A15 15 0 0 0 408 86L408,86A15 15 0 0 0 393 71A15 15 0 0 0 378 86L378,86A15 15 0 0 0 393 101Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="393" y="86" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">*</text>
<polygon points="378,86 367,91 367,82" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M242,56 L 248,56 Q 254,56 254,71 L 254,71 Q 254,86 269,86 L 357,86 L 372,86"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="489,86 477,91 477,82" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M408,86L483,86"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M489,86 L 525,86 Q 540,86 540,71 L 540,71 Q 540,56 546,56 L 552,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="393,111 382,115 382,106" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M326,86 L 332,86 Q 338,86 338,98 Q 338,111 353,111 L 373,111 L 388,111"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M393,111 L 414,111 Q 429,111 429,98 Q 429,86 435,86 L 441,86"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
 </div>
<p><b><a href="syntax/window-function-invocation.html">window-function-invocation:</a></b></p><div class='imgcontainer'>
 <div style="max-width:870px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 870.446 132.84">
<circle cx="5" cy="55" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="32,55 20,59 20,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M9,55L26,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M47,70L135,70A15 15 0 0 0 150 55A15 15 0 0 0 135 39L47,39A15 15 0 0 0 32 55A15 15 0 0 0 47 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="91" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">window-func</text>
<polygon points="167,55 156,59 156,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M150,55L161,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M182,70A15 15 0 0 0 197 55A15 15 0 0 0 182 39A15 15 0 0 0 167 55A15 15 0 0 0 182 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="182" y="55" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">(</text>
<polygon points="251,55 240,59 240,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M197,55L246,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M251,70L300,70L300,39L251,39Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="276" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
<polygon points="354,55 343,59 343,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M300,55L349,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M370,70A15 15 0 0 0 385 55A15 15 0 0 0 370 39A15 15 0 0 0 354 55A15 15 0 0 0 370 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="370" y="55" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
<polygon points="426,85 415,89 415,81" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M385,55 L 392,55 Q 400,55 400,70 L 400,70 Q 400,85 410,85 L 420,85"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M426,100L538,100L538,70L426,70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="482" y="85" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">filter-clause</text>
<polygon points="580,55 568,59 568,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M538,85 L 546,85 Q 553,85 553,70 L 553,70 Q 553,55 564,55 L 574,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M595,70L626,70A15 15 0 0 0 641 55A15 15 0 0 0 626 39L595,39A15 15 0 0 0 580 55A15 15 0 0 0 595 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="610" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">OVER</text>
<polygon points="682,92 671,97 671,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M641,55 L 648,55 Q 656,55 656,70 L 656,77 Q 656,92 666,92 L 677,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M697,108L794,108A15 15 0 0 0 810 92L810,92A15 15 0 0 0 794 77L697,77A15 15 0 0 0 682 92L682,92A15 15 0 0 0 697 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="746" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">window-name</text>
<polygon points="861,55 849,59 849,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M810,92 L 817,92 Q 825,92 825,77 L 825,70 Q 825,55 840,55 L 840,55 L 855,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<circle cx="864" cy="55" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M385,55L568,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="682,55 671,59 671,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M641,55L677,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M682,70L801,70L801,39L682,39Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="742" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">window-defn</text>
<path d="M801,55L849,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M276,32A15 15 0 0 0 291 17L291,17A15 15 0 0 0 276 2A15 15 0 0 0 261 17L261,17A15 15 0 0 0 276 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="276" y="17" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
<polygon points="291,17 303,12 303,21" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M300,55 L 308,55 Q 315,55 315,40 L 315,32 Q 315,17 306,17 L 297,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M261,17 L 240,17 Q 225,17 225,32 L 225,40 Q 225,55 232,55 L 240,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<polygon points="276,85 264,89 264,81" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M197,55 L 205,55 Q 212,55 212,70 L 212,70 Q 212,85 227,85 L 255,85 L 270,85"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M276,85 L 313,85 Q 328,85 328,70 L 328,70 Q 328,55 335,55 L 343,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M276,130A15 15 0 0 0 291 115L291,115A15 15 0 0 0 276 100A15 15 0 0 0 261 115L261,115A15 15 0 0 0 276 130Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<text x="276" y="115" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">*</text>
<polygon points="261,115 249,119 249,111" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
<path d="M197,55 L 205,55 Q 212,55 212,70 L 212,100 Q 212,115 227,115 L 240,115 L 255,115"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
<path d="M291,115 L 313,115 Q 328,115 328,100 L 328,70 Q 328,55 335,55 L 343,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
</svg>
</div>
 </div>


</p><p>
The OVER clause is required for <a href="windowfunctions.html">window functions</a> and is prohibited
otherwise.  The DISTINCT keyword is only allowed in <a href="lang_aggfunc.html">aggregate functions</a>.
The FILTER clause may not appear on a <a href="lang_corefunc.html">simple function</a>.

</p><p>It is possible to have an aggregate function with the same name as a
simple function, as long as the number of arguments for the two forms of the
function are different.  For example, the <a href="lang_aggfunc.html#max_agg">max()</a> function with a
single argument is an aggregate and the <a href="lang_corefunc.html#max_scalar">max()</a> function with two or more
arguments is a simple function.  Aggregate functions can usually also
be used as window functions.
</p><p align="center"><small><i>This page last modified on  <a href="https://sqlite.org/docsrc/honeypot" id="mtimelink"  data-href="https://sqlite.org/docsrc/finfo/pages/lang_expr.in?m=899fcd819e5f392c9">2022-08-10 18:45:48</a> UTC </small></i></p>
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.39.1) at 2024-11-14 08:59:49 +0000