1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
|
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!--*-nxml-*-->
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
<!--
SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
This is based on crypttab(5).
-->
<refentry id="veritytab" conditional='HAVE_LIBCRYPTSETUP' xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<refentryinfo>
<title>veritytab</title>
<productname>systemd</productname>
</refentryinfo>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>veritytab</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>veritytab</refname>
<refpurpose>Configuration for verity block devices</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<para><filename>/etc/veritytab</filename></para>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>The <filename>/etc/veritytab</filename> file describes
verity protected block devices that are set up during
system boot.</para>
<para>Empty lines and lines starting with the <literal>#</literal>
character are ignored. Each of the remaining lines describes one
verity protected block device. Fields are delimited by
white space.</para>
<para>Each line is in the form<programlisting><replaceable>volume-name</replaceable> <replaceable>data-device</replaceable> <replaceable>hash-device</replaceable> <replaceable>roothash</replaceable> <replaceable>options</replaceable></programlisting>
The first four fields are mandatory, the remaining one is optional.</para>
<para>The first field contains the name of the resulting verity volume; its block device is set up
below <filename>/dev/mapper/</filename>.</para>
<para>The second field contains a path to the underlying block data device, or a specification of a block device via
<literal>UUID=</literal> followed by the UUID.</para>
<para>The third field contains a path to the underlying block hash device, or a specification of a block device via
<literal>UUID=</literal> followed by the UUID.</para>
<para>The fourth field is the <literal>roothash</literal> in hexadecimal.</para>
<para>The fifth field, if present, is a comma-delimited list of options. The following options are
recognized:</para>
<variablelist class='fstab-options'>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>ignore-corruption</option></term>
<term><option>restart-on-corruption</option></term>
<term><option>panic-on-corruption</option></term>
<listitem><para>Defines what to do if a data verity problem is detected (data corruption). Without these
options kernel fails the IO operation with I/O error. With <literal>--ignore-corruption</literal> option the
corruption is only logged. With <literal>--restart-on-corruption</literal> or
<literal>--panic-on-corruption</literal> the kernel is restarted (panicked) immediately.
(You have to provide way how to avoid restart loops.)</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>ignore-zero-blocks</option></term>
<listitem><para>Instruct kernel to not verify blocks that are expected to contain zeroes and always directly
return zeroes instead.
WARNING: Use this option only in very specific cases. This option is available since Linux kernel version 4.5.
</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>check-at-most-once</option></term>
<listitem><para>Instruct kernel to verify blocks only the first time they are read from the data device, rather
than every time.
WARNING: It provides a reduced level of security because only offline tampering of the data device's content
will be detected, not online tampering. This option is available since Linux kernel version 4.17.
</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>root-hash-signature=<replaceable>PATH</replaceable>|base64:<replaceable>HEX</replaceable></option></term>
<listitem><para>A base64 string encoding the root hash signature prefixed by <literal>base64:</literal> or a
path to roothash signature file used to verify the root hash (in kernel). This feature requires Linux kernel
version 5.4 or more recent.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>_netdev</option></term>
<listitem><para>Marks this veritysetup device as requiring network. It will be
started after the network is available, similarly to
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
units marked with <option>_netdev</option>. The service unit to set up this device
will be ordered between <filename>remote-fs-pre.target</filename> and
<filename>remote-veritysetup.target</filename>, instead of
<filename>veritysetup-pre.target</filename> and
<filename>veritysetup.target</filename>.</para>
<para>Hint: if this device is used for a mount point that is specified in
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fstab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
the <option>_netdev</option> option should also be used for the mount
point. Otherwise, a dependency loop might be created where the mount point
will be pulled in by <filename>local-fs.target</filename>, while the
service to configure the network is usually only started <emphasis>after</emphasis>
the local file system has been mounted.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>noauto</option></term>
<listitem><para>This device will not be added to <filename>veritysetup.target</filename>.
This means that it will not be automatically enabled on boot, unless something else pulls
it in. In particular, if the device is used for a mount point, it'll be enabled
automatically during boot, unless the mount point itself is also disabled with
<option>noauto</option>.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>nofail</option></term>
<listitem><para>This device will not be a hard dependency of
<filename>veritysetup.target</filename>. It'll still be pulled in and started, but the system
will not wait for the device to show up and be enabled, and boot will not fail if this is
unsuccessful. Note that other units that depend on the enabled device may still fail. In
particular, if the device is used for a mount point, the mount point itself also needs to
have the <option>nofail</option> option, or the boot will fail if the device is not enabled
successfully.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>x-initrd.attach</option></term>
<listitem><para>Setup this verity protected block device in the initrd, similarly to
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
units marked with <option>x-initrd.mount</option>.</para>
<para>Although it's not necessary to mark the mount entry for the root file system with
<option>x-initrd.mount</option>, <option>x-initrd.attach</option> is still recommended with
the verity protected block device containing the root file system as otherwise systemd
will attempt to detach the device during the regular system shutdown while it's still in
use. With this option the device will still be detached but later after the root file
system is unmounted.</para>
<para>All other verity protected block devices that contain file systems mounted in the initrd should
use this option.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>At early boot and when the system manager configuration is
reloaded, this file is translated into native systemd units by
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-veritysetup-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Examples</title>
<example>
<title>/etc/veritytab example</title>
<para>Set up two verity protected block devices. One using device blocks, another using files.</para>
<programlisting>usr PARTUUID=783e45ae-7aa3-484a-beef-a80ff9c19cbb PARTUUID=21dc1dfe-4c33-8b48-98a9-918a22eb3e37 36e3f740ad502e2c25e2a23d9c7c17bf0fdad2300b7580842d4b7ec1fb0fa263 auto
data /etc/data /etc/hash a5ee4b42f70ae1f46a08a7c92c2e0a20672ad2f514792730f5d49d7606ab8fdf auto
</programlisting>
</example>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>See Also</title>
<para>
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-veritysetup@.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-veritysetup-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fstab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>veritysetup</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
|
