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diff --git a/docs/manual/programs/htdbm.html.en b/docs/manual/programs/htdbm.html.en new file mode 100644 index 0000000..00aa52d --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/manual/programs/htdbm.html.en @@ -0,0 +1,347 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head> +<meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type" /> +<!-- + XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX + This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT + XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX + --> +<title>htdbm - Manipulate DBM password databases - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</title> +<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" /> +<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" /> +<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style/css/prettify.css" /> +<script src="../style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript"> +</script> + +<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head> +<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header"> +<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p> +<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p> +<img alt="" src="../images/feather.png" /></div> +<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div> +<div id="path"> +<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.4</a> > <a href="./">Programs</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>htdbm - Manipulate DBM password databases</h1> +<div class="toplang"> +<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/programs/htdbm.html" title="English"> en </a> | +<a href="../fr/programs/htdbm.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> | +<a href="../tr/programs/htdbm.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p> +</div> + + <p><code>htdbm</code> is used to manipulate the DBM format files used to + store usernames and password for basic authentication of HTTP users via + <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbm.html">mod_authn_dbm</a></code>. See the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/dbmmanage.html">dbmmanage</a></code> + documentation for more information about these DBM files.</p> +</div> +<div id="quickview"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/contributing.html" class="badge"><img src="https://www.apache.org/images/SupportApache-small.png" alt="Support Apache!" /></a><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#synopsis">Synopsis</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#options">Options</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#bugs">Bugs</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#exit">Exit Status</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#examples">Examples</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#security">Security Considerations</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#restrictions">Restrictions</a></li> +</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code></li><li><code class="program"><a href="../programs/dbmmanage.html">dbmmanage</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbm.html">mod_authn_dbm</a></code></li><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div> +<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="synopsis" id="synopsis">Synopsis</a></h2> + <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong> + [ -<strong>T</strong><var>DBTYPE</var> ] + [ -<strong>i</strong> ] + [ -<strong>c</strong> ] + [ -<strong>m</strong> | + -<strong>B</strong> | + -<strong>d</strong> | + -<strong>s</strong> | + -<strong>p</strong> ] + [ -<strong>C</strong> <var>cost</var> ] + [ -<strong>t</strong> ] + [ -<strong>v</strong> ] + <var>filename</var> <var>username</var></code></p> + + <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong> -<strong>b</strong> + [ -<strong>T</strong><var>DBTYPE</var> ] + [ -<strong>c</strong> ] + [ -<strong>m</strong> | + -<strong>B</strong> | + -<strong>d</strong> | + -<strong>s</strong> | + -<strong>p</strong> ] + [ -<strong>C</strong> <var>cost</var> ] + [ -<strong>t</strong> ] + [ -<strong>v</strong> ] + <var>filename</var> <var>username</var> <var>password</var></code></p> + + <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong> -<strong>n</strong> + [ -<strong>i</strong> ] + [ -<strong>c</strong> ] + [ -<strong>m</strong> | + -<strong>B</strong> | + -<strong>d</strong> | + -<strong>s</strong> | + -<strong>p</strong> ] + [ -<strong>C</strong> <var>cost</var> ] + [ -<strong>t</strong> ] + [ -<strong>v</strong> ] + <var>username</var></code></p> + + <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong> -<strong>nb</strong> + [ -<strong>c</strong> ] + [ -<strong>m</strong> | + -<strong>B</strong> | + -<strong>d</strong> | + -<strong>s</strong> | + -<strong>p</strong> ] + [ -<strong>C</strong> <var>cost</var> ] + [ -<strong>t</strong> ] + [ -<strong>v</strong> ] + <var>username</var> <var>password</var></code></p> + + <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong> -<strong>v</strong> + [ -<strong>T</strong><var>DBTYPE</var> ] + [ -<strong>i</strong> ] + [ -<strong>c</strong> ] + [ -<strong>m</strong> | + -<strong>B</strong> | + -<strong>d</strong> | + -<strong>s</strong> | + -<strong>p</strong> ] + [ -<strong>C</strong> <var>cost</var> ] + [ -<strong>t</strong> ] + [ -<strong>v</strong> ] + <var>filename</var> <var>username</var></code></p> + + <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong> -<strong>vb</strong> + [ -<strong>T</strong><var>DBTYPE</var> ] + [ -<strong>c</strong> ] + [ -<strong>m</strong> | + -<strong>B</strong> | + -<strong>d</strong> | + -<strong>s</strong> | + -<strong>p</strong> ] + [ -<strong>C</strong> <var>cost</var> ] + [ -<strong>t</strong> ] + [ -<strong>v</strong> ] + <var>filename</var> <var>username</var> <var>password</var></code></p> + + <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong> -<strong>x</strong> + [ -<strong>T</strong><var>DBTYPE</var> ] + <var>filename</var> <var>username</var></code></p> + + <p><code><strong>htdbm</strong> -<strong>l</strong> + [ -<strong>T</strong><var>DBTYPE</var> ] + </code></p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="options" id="options">Options</a></h2> + <dl> + <dt><code>-b</code></dt> + <dd>Use batch mode; <em>i.e.</em>, get the password from the command line + rather than prompting for it. This option should be used with extreme care, + since <strong>the password is clearly visible</strong> on the command + line. For script use see the <code>-i</code> option.</dd> + + <dt><code>-i</code></dt> + <dd>Read the password from stdin without verification (for script usage).</dd> + + <dt><code>-c</code></dt> + <dd>Create the <var>passwdfile</var>. If <var>passwdfile</var> already + exists, it is rewritten and truncated. This option cannot be combined with + the <code>-n</code> option.</dd> + + <dt><code>-n</code></dt> + <dd>Display the results on standard output rather than updating a + database. This option changes the syntax of the command line, since the + <var>passwdfile</var> argument (usually the first one) is omitted. It + cannot be combined with the <code>-c</code> option.</dd> + + <dt><code>-m</code></dt> + <dd>Use MD5 encryption for passwords. On Windows and Netware, this is + the default.</dd> + + <dt><code>-B</code></dt> + <dd>Use bcrypt encryption for passwords. This is currently considered to + be very secure.</dd> + + <dt><code>-C</code></dt> + <dd>This flag is only allowed in combination with <code>-B</code> (bcrypt + encryption). It sets the computing time used for the bcrypt algorithm + (higher is more secure but slower, default: 5, valid: 4 to 31).</dd> + + <dt><code>-d</code></dt> + <dd>Use <code>crypt()</code> encryption for passwords. The default on all + platforms but Windows and Netware. Though possibly supported by + <code>htdbm</code> on all platforms, it is not supported by the + <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> server on Windows and Netware. + This algorithm is <strong>insecure</strong> by today's standards.</dd> + + <dt><code>-s</code></dt> + <dd>Use SHA encryption for passwords. Facilitates migration from/to Netscape + servers using the LDAP Directory Interchange Format (ldif). + This algorithm is <strong>insecure</strong> by today's standards.</dd> + + <dt><code>-p</code></dt> + <dd>Use plaintext passwords. Though <code>htdbm</code> will support + creation on all platforms, the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> daemon will + only accept plain text passwords on Windows and Netware.</dd> + + <dt><code>-l</code></dt> + <dd>Print each of the usernames and comments from the database on + stdout.</dd> + + <dt><code>-v</code></dt> + <dd>Verify the username and password. The program will print a message + indicating whether the supplied password is valid. If the password is + invalid, the program exits with error code 3.</dd> + + <dt><code>-x</code></dt> + <dd>Delete user. If the username exists in the specified DBM file, it + will be deleted.</dd> + + <dt><code>-t</code></dt> + <dd>Interpret the final parameter as a comment. When this option is + specified, an additional string can be appended to the command line; this + string will be stored in the "Comment" field of the database, associated + with the specified username.</dd> + + <dt><code><var>filename</var></code></dt> + <dd>The filename of the DBM format file. Usually without the extension + <code>.db</code>, <code>.pag</code>, or <code>.dir</code>. If + <code>-c</code> is given, the DBM file is created if it does not already + exist, or updated if it does exist.</dd> + + <dt><code><var>username</var></code></dt> + <dd>The username to create or update in <var>passwdfile</var>. If + <var>username</var> does not exist in this file, an entry is added. If it + does exist, the password is changed.</dd> + + <dt><code><var>password</var></code></dt> + <dd>The plaintext password to be encrypted and stored in the DBM file. + Used only with the <code>-b</code> flag.</dd> + + <dt><code>-T<var>DBTYPE</var></code></dt> + <dd>Type of DBM file (SDBM, GDBM, DB, or "default").</dd> + </dl> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="bugs" id="bugs">Bugs</a></h2> + <p>One should be aware that there are a number of different DBM file + formats in existence, and with all likelihood, libraries for more than + one format may exist on your system. The three primary examples are + SDBM, NDBM, GNU GDBM, and Berkeley/Sleepycat DB 2/3/4. Unfortunately, + all these libraries use different file formats, and you must make sure + that the file format used by <var>filename</var> is the same format that + <code>htdbm</code> expects to see. <code>htdbm</code> currently has + no way of determining what type of DBM file it is looking at. If used + against the wrong format, will simply return nothing, or may create a + different DBM file with a different name, or at worst, it may corrupt + the DBM file if you were attempting to write to it.</p> + + <p>One can usually use the <code>file</code> program supplied with most + Unix systems to see what format a DBM file is in.</p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="exit" id="exit">Exit Status</a></h2> + <p><code>htdbm</code> returns a zero status ("true") if the username and + password have been successfully added or updated in the DBM File. + <code>htdbm</code> returns <code>1</code> if it encounters some problem + accessing files, <code>2</code> if there was a syntax problem with the + command line, <code>3</code> if the password was entered interactively and + the verification entry didn't match, <code>4</code> if its operation was + interrupted, <code>5</code> if a value is too long (username, filename, + password, or final computed record), <code>6</code> if the username + contains illegal characters (see the <a href="#restrictions">Restrictions + section</a>), and <code>7</code> if the file is not a valid DBM password + file.</p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="examples" id="examples">Examples</a></h2> + <div class="example"><p><code> + htdbm /usr/local/etc/apache/.htdbm-users jsmith + </code></p></div> + + <p>Adds or modifies the password for user <code>jsmith</code>. The user + is prompted for the password. If executed on a Windows system, the password + will be encrypted using the modified Apache MD5 algorithm; otherwise, the + system's <code>crypt()</code> routine will be used. If the file does not + exist, <code>htdbm</code> will do nothing except return an error.</p> + + <div class="example"><p><code> + htdbm -c /home/doe/public_html/.htdbm jane + </code></p></div> + + <p>Creates a new file and stores a record in it for user <code>jane</code>. + The user is prompted for the password. If the file exists and cannot be + read, or cannot be written, it is not altered and <code>htdbm</code> + will display a message and return an error status.</p> + + <div class="example"><p><code> + htdbm -mb /usr/web/.htdbm-all jones Pwd4Steve + </code></p></div> + + <p>Encrypts the password from the command line (<code>Pwd4Steve</code>) + using the MD5 algorithm, and stores it in the specified file.</p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="security" id="security">Security Considerations</a></h2> + <p>Web password files such as those managed by <code>htdbm</code> should + <em>not</em> be within the Web server's URI space -- that is, they should + not be fetchable with a browser.</p> + + <p>The use of the <code>-b</code> option is discouraged, since when it is + used the unencrypted password appears on the command line.</p> + + <p>When using the <code>crypt()</code> algorithm, note that only the first + 8 characters of the password are used to form the password. If the supplied + password is longer, the extra characters will be silently discarded.</p> + + <p>The SHA encryption format does not use salting: for a given password, + there is only one encrypted representation. The <code>crypt()</code> and + MD5 formats permute the representation by prepending a random salt string, + to make dictionary attacks against the passwords more difficult.</p> + + <p>The SHA and <code>crypt()</code> formats are insecure by today's + standards.</p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="restrictions" id="restrictions">Restrictions</a></h2> + <p>On the Windows platform, passwords encrypted with + <code>htdbm</code> are limited to no more than <code>255</code> + characters in length. Longer passwords will be truncated to 255 + characters.</p> + + <p>The MD5 algorithm used by <code>htdbm</code> is specific to the Apache + software; passwords encrypted using it will not be usable with other Web + servers.</p> + + <p>Usernames are limited to <code>255</code> bytes and may not include the + character <code>:</code>.</p> +</div></div> +<div class="bottomlang"> +<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/programs/htdbm.html" title="English"> en </a> | +<a href="../fr/programs/htdbm.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> | +<a href="../tr/programs/htdbm.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="../images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. 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