path: root/include/rtl/ustring.h

/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 4 -*- */
/*
 * This file is part of the LibreOffice project.
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * This file incorporates work covered by the following license notice:
 *
 *   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 *   contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed
 *   with this work for additional information regarding copyright
 *   ownership. The ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache
 *   License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file
 *   except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
 *   the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 .
 */

#ifndef INCLUDED_RTL_USTRING_H
#define INCLUDED_RTL_USTRING_H

#include "sal/config.h"

#include "osl/interlck.h"
#include "rtl/string.h"
#include "rtl/textenc.h"
#include "sal/saldllapi.h"
#include "sal/types.h"

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

/* ======================================================================= */

/** Return the length of a string.

    The length is equal to the number of 16-bit Unicode characters in the
    string, without the terminating NUL character.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @return
    the length of the sequence of characters represented by this string,
    excluding the terminating NUL character.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_getLength(
        const sal_Unicode * str ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns a value indicating their relationship.  This function
    cannot be used for language-specific sorting.  Both strings must be
    null-terminated.

    @param first
    the first null-terminated string to be compared.

    @param second
    the second null-terminated string which is compared with the first one.

    @return
    0 if both strings are equal, a value less than 0 if the first string is
    less than the second string, and a value greater than 0 if the first
    string is greater than the second string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_compare(
        const sal_Unicode * first, const sal_Unicode * second ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns a value indicating their relationship.  This function
    cannot be used for language-specific sorting.

    @param first
    the first string to be compared.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be
    at least as long as the specified firstLen.

    @param firstLen
    the length of the first string.

    @param second
    the second string which is compared with the first one.  Need not be
    null-terminated, but must be at least as long as the specified secondLen.

    @param secondLen
    the length of the second string.

    @return
    0 if both strings are equal, a value less than 0 if the first string is
    less than the second string, and a value greater than 0 if the first
    string is greater than the second string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_compare_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * first, sal_Int32 firstLen, const sal_Unicode * second, sal_Int32 secondLen ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings with a maximum count of characters.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns a value indicating their relationship.  This function
    cannot be used for language-specific sorting.

    @param first
    the first string to be compared.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be
    at least as long as the specified firstLen.

    @param firstLen
    the length of the first string.

    @param second
    the second string which is compared with the first one.  Need not be
    null-terminated, but must be at least as long as the specified secondLen.

    @param secondLen
    the length of the second string.

    @param shortenedLen
    the maximum number of characters to compare.  This length can be greater
    or smaller than the lengths of the two strings.

    @return
    0 if both substrings are equal, a value less than 0 if the first substring
    is less than the second substring, and a value greater than 0 if the first
    substring is greater than the second substring.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_shortenedCompare_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * first, sal_Int32 firstLen, const sal_Unicode * second, sal_Int32 secondLen, sal_Int32 shortenedLen ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings from back to front.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns a value indicating their relationship.  This function
    cannot be used for language-specific sorting.

    @param first
    the first string to be compared.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be
    at least as long as the specified firstLen.

    @param firstLen
    the length of the first string.

    @param second
    the second string which is compared with the first one.  Need not be
    null-terminated, but must be at least as long as the specified secondLen.

    @param secondLen
    the length of the second string.

    @return
    0 if both strings are equal, a value less than 0 if the first string
    compares less than the second string, and a value greater than 0 if the
    first string compares greater than the second string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_reverseCompare_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * first, sal_Int32 firstLen, const sal_Unicode * second, sal_Int32 secondLen ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings from back to front for equality.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns 'true' if, and only if, both strings are equal.
    This function cannot be used for language-specific sorting.

    @param first
    the first string to be compared.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be
    at least as long as the specified len.

    @param second
    the second string which is compared with the first one.  Need not be
    null-terminated, but must be at least as long as the specified len.

    @param len
    the length of both strings.

    @return
    true if both strings are equal, false if they are not equal.
 */

SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Bool SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_asciil_reverseEquals_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * first, const sal_Char * second, sal_Int32 len ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings, ignoring the case of ASCII characters.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns a value indicating their relationship.  Character
    values between 65 and 90 (ASCII A--Z) are interpreted as values between 97
    and 122 (ASCII a--z).  This function cannot be used for language-specific
    sorting.  Both strings must be null-terminated.

    @param first
    the first null-terminated string to be compared.

    @param second
    the second null-terminated string which is compared with the first one.

    @return
    0 if both strings are equal, a value less than 0 if the first string is
    less than the second string, and a value greater than 0 if the first
    string is greater than the second string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_compareIgnoreAsciiCase(
        const sal_Unicode * first, const sal_Unicode * second ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings, ignoring the case of ASCII characters.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns a value indicating their relationship.  Character
    values between 65 and 90 (ASCII A--Z) are interpreted as values between 97
    and 122 (ASCII a--z).  This function cannot be used for language-specific
    sorting.

    @param first
    the first string to be compared.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be
    at least as long as the specified firstLen.

    @param firstLen
    the length of the first string.

    @param second
    the second string which is compared with the first one.  Need not be
    null-terminated, but must be at least as long as the specified secondLen.

    @param secondLen
    the length of the second string.

    @return
    0 if both strings are equal, a value less than 0 if the first string is
    less than the second string, and a value greater than 0 if the first
    string is greater than the second string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_compareIgnoreAsciiCase_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * first, sal_Int32 firstLen, const sal_Unicode * second, sal_Int32 secondLen ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings with a maximum count of characters, ignoring the case
    of ASCII characters.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns a value indicating their relationship.  Character
    values between 65 and 90 (ASCII A--Z) are interpreted as values between 97
    and 122 (ASCII a--z).  This function cannot be used for language-specific
    sorting.

    @param first
    the first string to be compared.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be
    at least as long as the specified firstLen.

    @param firstLen
    the length of the first string.

    @param second
    the second string which is compared with the first one.  Need not be
    null-terminated, but must be at least as long as the specified secondLen.

    @param secondLen
    the length of the second string.

    @param shortenedLen
    the maximum number of characters to compare.  This length can be greater
    or smaller than the lengths of the two strings.

    @return
    0 if both substrings are equal, a value less than 0 if the first substring
    is less than the second substring, and a value greater than 0 if the first
    substring is greater than the second substring.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_shortenedCompareIgnoreAsciiCase_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * first, sal_Int32 firstLen, const sal_Unicode * second, sal_Int32 secondLen, sal_Int32 shortenedLen ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns a value indicating their relationship.  This function
    cannot be used for language-specific sorting.  Both strings must be
    null-terminated.

    Since this function is optimized for performance, the ASCII character
    values are not converted in any way.  The caller has to make sure that
    all ASCII characters are in the allowed range of 0 and 127, inclusive.

    @param first
    the first null-terminated string to be compared.

    @param second
    the second null-terminated ASCII string which is compared with the first
    one.

    @return
    0 if both substrings are equal, a value less than 0 if the first substring
    is less than the second substring, and a value greater than 0 if the first
    substring is greater than the second substring.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_ascii_compare(
        const sal_Unicode * first, const sal_Char * second ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns a value indicating their relationship.  This function
    cannot be used for language-specific sorting.

    Since this function is optimized for performance, the ASCII character
    values are not converted in any way.  The caller has to make sure that
    all ASCII characters are in the allowed range of 0 and 127, inclusive.

    @param first
    the first string to be compared.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be
    at least as long as the specified firstLen.

    @param firstLen
    the length of the first string.

    @param second
    the second null-terminated ASCII string which is compared with the first
    one.

    @return
    0 if both substrings are equal, a value less than 0 if the first substring
    is less than the second substring, and a value greater than 0 if the first
    substring is greater than the second substring.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_ascii_compare_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * first, sal_Int32 firstLen, const sal_Char * second ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings with a maximum count of characters.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns a value indicating their relationship.  This function
    cannot be used for language-specific sorting.

    Since this function is optimized for performance, the ASCII character
    values are not converted in any way.  The caller has to make sure that
    all ASCII characters are in the allowed range of 0 and 127, inclusive.

    @param first
    the first string to be compared.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be
    at least as long as the specified firstLen.

    @param firstLen
    the length of the first string.

    @param second
    the second null-terminated ASCII string which is compared with the first
    one.

    @param shortenedLen
    the maximum number of characters to compare.  This length can be greater
    or smaller than the lengths of the two strings.

    @return
    0 if both substrings are equal, a value less than 0 if the first substring
    is less than the second substring, and a value greater than 0 if the first
    substring is greater than the second substring.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_ascii_shortenedCompare_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * first, sal_Int32 firstLen, const sal_Char * second, sal_Int32 shortenedLen ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings from back to front.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns a value indicating their relationship.  This function
    cannot be used for language-specific sorting.

    Since this function is optimized for performance, the ASCII character
    values are not converted in any way.  The caller has to make sure that
    all ASCII characters are in the allowed range of 0 and 127, inclusive.

    @param first
    the first string to be compared.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be
    at least as long as the specified firstLen.

    @param firstLen
    the length of the first string.

    @param second
    the second ASCII string which is compared with the first one.  Need not be
    null-terminated, but must be at least as long as the specified secondLen.

    @param secondLen
    the length of the second string.

    @return
    0 if both strings are equal, a value less than 0 if the first string
    compares less than the second string, and a value greater than 0 if the
    first string compares greater than the second string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_asciil_reverseCompare_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * first, sal_Int32 firstLen, const sal_Char * second, sal_Int32 secondLen ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings, ignoring the case of ASCII characters.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns a value indicating their relationship.  Character
    values between 65 and 90 (ASCII A--Z) are interpreted as values between 97
    and 122 (ASCII a--z).  This function cannot be used for language-specific
    sorting.  Both strings must be null-terminated.

    Since this function is optimized for performance, the ASCII character
    values are not converted in any way.  The caller has to make sure that
    all ASCII characters are in the allowed range of 0 and 127, inclusive.

    @param first
    the first null-terminated string to be compared.

    @param second
    the second null-terminated ASCII string which is compared with the first
    one.

    @return
    0 if both strings are equal, a value less than 0 if the first string is
    less than the second string, and a value greater than 0 if the first
    string is greater than the second string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_ascii_compareIgnoreAsciiCase(
        const sal_Unicode * first, const sal_Char * second ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings, ignoring the case of ASCII characters.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns a value indicating their relationship.  Character
    values between 65 and 90 (ASCII A--Z) are interpreted as values between 97
    and 122 (ASCII a--z).  This function cannot be used for language-specific
    sorting.

    Since this function is optimized for performance, the ASCII character
    values are not converted in any way.  The caller has to make sure that
    all ASCII characters are in the allowed range of 0 and 127, inclusive.

    @param first
    the first string to be compared.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be
    at least as long as the specified firstLen.

    @param firstLen
    the length of the first string.

    @param second
    the second null-terminated ASCII string which is compared with the first
    one.

    @return
    0 if both strings are equal, a value less than 0 if the first string is
    less than the second string, and a value greater than 0 if the first
    string is greater than the second string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_ascii_compareIgnoreAsciiCase_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * first, sal_Int32 firstLen, const sal_Char * second ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings, ignoring the case of ASCII characters.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns a value indicating their relationship.  Character
    values between 65 and 90 (ASCII A--Z) are interpreted as values between 97
    and 122 (ASCII a--z).  This function cannot be used for language-specific
    sorting.

    Since this function is optimized for performance, the ASCII character
    values are not converted in any way.  The caller has to make sure that
    all ASCII characters are in the allowed range of 0 and 127, inclusive.

    @param first
    the first string to be compared.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be
    at least as long as the specified firstLen.

    @param firstLen
    the length of the first string.

    @param second
    the second string which is compared with the first one.  Need not be
    null-terminated, but must be at least as long as the specified secondLen.

    @param secondLen
    the length of the second string.

    @return
    0 if both strings are equal, a value less than 0 if the first string is
    less than the second string, and a value greater than 0 if the first
    string is greater than the second string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_ascii_compareIgnoreAsciiCase_WithLengths(
    sal_Unicode const * first, sal_Int32 firstLen,
    char const * second, sal_Int32 secondLen) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Compare two strings with a maximum count of characters, ignoring the case
    of ASCII characters.

    The comparison is based on the numeric value of each character in the
    strings and returns a value indicating their relationship.  Character
    values between 65 and 90 (ASCII A--Z) are interpreted as values between 97
    and 122 (ASCII a--z).  This function cannot be used for language-specific
    sorting.

    Since this function is optimized for performance, the ASCII character
    values are not converted in any way.  The caller has to make sure that
    all ASCII characters are in the allowed range of 0 and 127, inclusive.

    @param first
    the first string to be compared.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be
    at least as long as the specified firstLen.

    @param firstLen
    the length of the first string.

    @param second
    the second null-terminated ASCII string which is compared with the first
    one.

    @param shortenedLen
    the maximum number of characters to compare.  This length can be greater
    or smaller than the lengths of the two strings.

    @return
    0 if both substrings are equal, a value less than 0 if the first substring
    is less than the second substring, and a value greater than 0 if the first
    substring is greater than the second substring.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_ascii_shortenedCompareIgnoreAsciiCase_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * first, sal_Int32 firstLen, const sal_Char * second, sal_Int32 shortenedLen ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Return a hash code for a string.

    It is not allowed to store the hash code persistently, because later
    versions could return other hash codes.  The string must be
    null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @return
    a hash code for the given string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_hashCode(
        const sal_Unicode * str ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Return a hash code for a string.

    It is not allowed to store the hash code persistently, because later
    versions could return other hash codes.

    @param str
    a string.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be at least as long as
    the specified len.

    @param len
    the length of the string.

    @return
    a hash code for the given string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_hashCode_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int32 len ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Search for the first occurrence of a character within a string.

    The string must be null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @param ch
    the character to be searched for.

    @return
    the index (starting at 0) of the first occurrence of the character in the
    string, or -1 if the character does not occur.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_indexOfChar(
        const sal_Unicode * str, sal_Unicode ch ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Search for the first occurrence of a character within a string.

    @param str
    a string.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be at least as long as
    the specified len.

    @param len
    the length of the string.

    @param ch
    the character to be searched for.

    @return
    the index (starting at 0) of the first occurrence of the character in the
    string, or -1 if the character does not occur.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_indexOfChar_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int32 len, sal_Unicode ch ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Search for the last occurrence of a character within a string.

    The string must be null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @param ch
    the character to be searched for.

    @return
    the index (starting at 0) of the last occurrence of the character in the
    string, or -1 if the character does not occur.  The returned value is
    always smaller than the string length.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_lastIndexOfChar(
        const sal_Unicode * str, sal_Unicode ch ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Search for the last occurrence of a character within a string.

    @param str
    a string.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be at least as long as
    the specified len.

    @param len
    the length of the string.

    @param ch
    the character to be searched for.

    @return
    the index (starting at 0) of the last occurrence of the character in the
    string, or -1 if the character does not occur.  The returned value is
    always smaller than the string length.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_lastIndexOfChar_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int32 len, sal_Unicode ch ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Search for the first occurrence of a substring within a string.

    If subStr is empty, or both str and subStr are empty, -1 is returned.
    Both strings must be null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @param subStr
    the null-terminated substring to be searched for.

    @return
    the index (starting at 0) of the first character of the first occurrence
    of the substring within the string, or -1 if the substring does not occur.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_indexOfStr(
        const sal_Unicode * str, const sal_Unicode * subStr ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Search for the first occurrence of a substring within a string.

    If subStr is empty, or both str and subStr are empty, -1 is returned.

    @param str
    a string.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be at least as long as
    the specified len.

    @param len
    the length of the string.

    @param subStr
    the substring to be searched for.  Need not be null-terminated, but must
    be at least as long as the specified subLen.

    @param subLen
    the length of the substring.

    @return
    the index (starting at 0) of the first character of the first occurrence
    of the substring within the string, or -1 if the substring does not occur.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_indexOfStr_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int32 len, const sal_Unicode * subStr, sal_Int32 subLen ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Search for the first occurrence of an ASCII substring within a string.

    @param str
    a string.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be at least as long as
    the specified len.

    @param len
    the length of the string; must be non-negative.

    @param subStr
    the substring to be searched for.  Need not be null-terminated, but must
    be at least as long as the specified subLen.  Must only contain characters
    in the ASCII range 0x00--7F.

    @param subLen
    the length of the substring; must be non-negative.

    @return
    the index (starting at 0) of the first character of the first occurrence
    of the substring within the string, or -1 if the substring does not occur.
    If subLen is zero, -1 is returned.

    @since UDK 3.2.7
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_indexOfAscii_WithLength(
    sal_Unicode const * str, sal_Int32 len,
    char const * subStr, sal_Int32 subLen) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Search for the last occurrence of a substring within a string.

    If subStr is empty, or both str and subStr are empty, -1 is returned.
    Both strings must be null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @param subStr
    the null-terminated substring to be searched for.

    @return
    the index (starting at 0) of the first character of the last occurrence
    of the substring within the string, or -1 if the substring does not occur.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_lastIndexOfStr(
        const sal_Unicode * str, const sal_Unicode * subStr ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Search for the last occurrence of a substring within a string.

    If subStr is empty, or both str and subStr are empty, -1 is returned.

    @param str
    a string.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be at least as long as
    the specified len.

    @param len
    the length of the string.

    @param subStr
    the substring to be searched for.  Need not be null-terminated, but must
    be at least as long as the specified subLen.

    @param subLen
    the length of the substring.

    @return
    the index (starting at 0) of the first character of the first occurrence
    of the substring within the string, or -1 if the substring does not occur.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_lastIndexOfStr_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int32 len, const sal_Unicode * subStr, sal_Int32 subLen ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Search for the last occurrence of an ASCII substring within a string.

    @param str
    a string.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be at least as long as
    the specified len.

    @param len
    the length of the string; must be non-negative.

    @param subStr
    the substring to be searched for.  Need not be null-terminated, but must
    be at least as long as the specified subLen.  Must only contain characters
    in the ASCII range 0x00--7F.

    @param subLen
    the length of the substring; must be non-negative.

    @return
    the index (starting at 0) of the first character of the last occurrence
    of the substring within the string, or -1 if the substring does not occur.
    If subLen is zero, -1 is returned.

    @since UDK 3.2.7
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_lastIndexOfAscii_WithLength(
    sal_Unicode const * str, sal_Int32 len,
    char const * subStr, sal_Int32 subLen) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Replace all occurrences of a single character within a string.

    If oldChar does not occur within str, then the string is not modified.
    The string must be null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @param oldChar
    the old character.

    @param newChar
    the new character.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_replaceChar(
        sal_Unicode * str, sal_Unicode oldChar, sal_Unicode newChar ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Replace all occurrences of a single character within a string.

    If oldChar does not occur within str, then the string is not modified.

    @param str
    a string.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be at least as long as
    the specified len.

    @param len
    the length of the string.

    @param oldChar
    the old character.

    @param newChar
    the new character.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_replaceChar_WithLength(
        sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int32 len, sal_Unicode oldChar, sal_Unicode newChar ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Convert all ASCII uppercase letters to lowercase within a string.

    The characters with values between 65 and 90 (ASCII A--Z) are replaced
    with values between 97 and 122 (ASCII a--z).  The string must be
    null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_toAsciiLowerCase(
        sal_Unicode * str ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Convert all ASCII uppercase letters to lowercase within a string.

    The characters with values between 65 and 90 (ASCII A--Z) are replaced
    with values between 97 and 122 (ASCII a--z).

    @param str
    a string.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be at least as long as
    the specified len.

    @param len
    the length of the string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_toAsciiLowerCase_WithLength(
        sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int32 len ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Convert all ASCII lowercase letters to uppercase within a string.

    The characters with values between 97 and 122 (ASCII a--z) are replaced
    with values between 65 and 90 (ASCII A--Z).  The string must be
    null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_toAsciiUpperCase(
        sal_Unicode * str ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Convert all ASCII lowercase letters to uppercase within a string.

    The characters with values between 97 and 122 (ASCII a--z) are replaced
    with values between 65 and 90 (ASCII A--Z).

    @param str
    a string.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be at least as long as
    the specified len.

    @param len
    the length of the string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_toAsciiUpperCase_WithLength(
        sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int32 len ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Remove white space from both ends of a string.

    All characters with values less than or equal to 32 (the space character)
    are considered to be white space.  This function cannot be used for
    language-specific operations.  The string must be null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @return
    the new length of the string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_trim(
        sal_Unicode * str ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Remove white space from both ends of the string.

    All characters with values less than or equal to 32 (the space character)
    are considered to be white space.  This function cannot be used for
    language-specific operations.  The string must be null-terminated.

    @param str
    a string.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be at least as long as
    the specified len.

    @param len
    the original length of the string.

    @return
    the new length of the string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_trim_WithLength(
        sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int32 len ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create the string representation of a boolean.

    If b is true, the buffer is filled with the string "true" and 5 is
    returned.  If b is false, the buffer is filled with the string "false" and
    6 is returned.  This function cannot be used for language-specific
    operations.

    @param str
    a buffer that is big enough to hold the result and the terminating NUL
    character.  You should use the RTL_USTR_MAX_VALUEOFBOOLEAN define to
    create a buffer that is big enough.

    @param b
    a boolean value.

    @return
    the length of the string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_valueOfBoolean(
        sal_Unicode * str, sal_Bool b ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();
#define RTL_USTR_MAX_VALUEOFBOOLEAN RTL_STR_MAX_VALUEOFBOOLEAN

/** Create the string representation of a character.

    @param str
    a buffer that is big enough to hold the result and the terminating NUL
    character.  You should use the RTL_USTR_MAX_VALUEOFCHAR define to create a
    buffer that is big enough.

    @param ch
    a character value.

    @return
    the length of the string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_valueOfChar(
        sal_Unicode * str, sal_Unicode ch ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();
#define RTL_USTR_MAX_VALUEOFCHAR RTL_STR_MAX_VALUEOFCHAR

/** Create the string representation of an integer.

    This function cannot be used for language-specific operations.

    @param str
    a buffer that is big enough to hold the result and the terminating NUL
    character.  You should use the RTL_USTR_MAX_VALUEOFINT32 define to create
    a buffer that is big enough.

    @param i
    an integer value.

    @param radix
    the radix.  Must be between RTL_USTR_MIN_RADIX (2) and RTL_USTR_MAX_RADIX
    (36), inclusive.

    @return
    the length of the string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_valueOfInt32(
        sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int32 i, sal_Int16 radix ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();
#define RTL_USTR_MIN_RADIX          RTL_STR_MIN_RADIX
#define RTL_USTR_MAX_RADIX          RTL_STR_MAX_RADIX
#define RTL_USTR_MAX_VALUEOFINT32   RTL_STR_MAX_VALUEOFINT32

/** Create the string representation of a long integer.

    This function cannot be used for language-specific operations.

    @param str
    a buffer that is big enough to hold the result and the terminating NUL
    character.  You should use the RTL_USTR_MAX_VALUEOFINT64 define to create
    a buffer that is big enough.

    @param l
    a long integer value.

    @param radix
    the radix.  Must be between RTL_USTR_MIN_RADIX (2) and RTL_USTR_MAX_RADIX
    (36), inclusive.

    @return
    the length of the string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_valueOfInt64(
        sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int64 l, sal_Int16 radix ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();
#define RTL_USTR_MAX_VALUEOFINT64 RTL_STR_MAX_VALUEOFINT64

/** Create the string representation of an unsigned long integer.

    This function cannot be used for language-specific operations.

    @param str
    a buffer that is big enough to hold the result and the terminating NUL
    character.  You should use the RTL_USTR_MAX_VALUEOFUINT64 define to create
    a buffer that is big enough.

    @param l
    a long integer value.

    @param radix
    the radix.  Must be between RTL_USTR_MIN_RADIX (2) and RTL_USTR_MAX_RADIX
    (36), inclusive.

    @return
    the length of the string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_valueOfUInt64(
        sal_Unicode * str, sal_uInt64 l, sal_Int16 radix ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();
#define RTL_USTR_MAX_VALUEOFUINT64 RTL_STR_MAX_VALUEOFUINT64

/** Create the string representation of a float.

    This function cannot be used for language-specific conversion.

    @param str
    a buffer that is big enough to hold the result and the terminating NUL
    character.  You should use the RTL_USTR_MAX_VALUEOFFLOAT define to create
    a buffer that is big enough.

    @param f
    a float value.

    @return
    the length of the string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_valueOfFloat(
        sal_Unicode * str, float f ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();
#define RTL_USTR_MAX_VALUEOFFLOAT RTL_STR_MAX_VALUEOFFLOAT

/** Create the string representation of a double.

    This function cannot be used for language-specific conversion.

    @param str
    a buffer that is big enough to hold the result and the terminating NUL
    character.  You should use the RTL_USTR_MAX_VALUEOFDOUBLE define to create
    a buffer that is big enough.

    @param d
    a double value.

    @return
    the length of the string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_valueOfDouble(
        sal_Unicode * str, double d ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();
#define RTL_USTR_MAX_VALUEOFDOUBLE RTL_STR_MAX_VALUEOFDOUBLE

/** Interpret a string as a boolean.

    This function cannot be used for language-specific conversion.  The string
    must be null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @return
    true if the string is "1" or "true" in any ASCII case, false otherwise.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Bool SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_toBoolean(
        const sal_Unicode * str ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Interpret a string as an integer.

    This function cannot be used for language-specific conversion.  The string
    must be null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @param radix
    the radix.  Must be between RTL_USTR_MIN_RADIX (2) and RTL_USTR_MAX_RADIX
    (36), inclusive.

    @return
    the integer value represented by the string, or 0 if the string does not
    represent an integer.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_toInt32(
        const sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int16 radix ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Interpret a string as an unsigned integer.

    This function cannot be used for language-specific conversion.  The string
    must be null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @param radix
    the radix.  Must be between RTL_USTR_MIN_RADIX (2) and RTL_USTR_MAX_RADIX
    (36), inclusive.

    @return
    the unsigned integer value represented by the string, or 0 if the string
    does not represent an unsigned integer.

    @since LibreOffice 4.2
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_uInt32 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_toUInt32(
        const sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int16 radix ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Interpret a string as a long integer.

    This function cannot be used for language-specific conversion.  The string
    must be null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @param radix
    the radix.  Must be between RTL_USTR_MIN_RADIX (2) and RTL_USTR_MAX_RADIX
    (36), inclusive.

    @return
    the long integer value represented by the string, or 0 if the string does
    not represent a long integer.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int64 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_toInt64(
        const sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int16 radix ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Interpret a string as a long integer.

    This function cannot be used for language-specific conversion.  The string
    must be null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @param radix
    the radix.  Must be between RTL_USTR_MIN_RADIX (2) and RTL_USTR_MAX_RADIX
    (36), inclusive.

    @param nStrLength
    number of chars to process

    @return
    the long integer value represented by the string, or 0 if the string does
    not represent a long integer.

    @internal
    @since LibreOffice 6.4
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int64 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_toInt64_WithLength(
        const sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int16 radix, sal_Int32 nStrLength ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Interpret a string as an unsigned long integer.

    This function cannot be used for language-specific conversion.  The string
    must be null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @param radix
    the radix.  Must be between RTL_USTR_MIN_RADIX (2) and RTL_USTR_MAX_RADIX
    (36), inclusive.

    @return
    the unsigned long integer value represented by the string, or 0 if the
    string does not represent an unsigned long integer.

    @since LibreOffice 4.1
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_uInt64 SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_toUInt64(
        const sal_Unicode * str, sal_Int16 radix ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Interpret a string as a float.

    This function cannot be used for language-specific conversion.  The string
    must be null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @return
    the float value represented by the string, or 0.0 if the string does not
    represent a float.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC float SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_toFloat(
        const sal_Unicode * str ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Interpret a string as a double.

    This function cannot be used for language-specific conversion.  The string
    must be null-terminated.

    @param str
    a null-terminated string.

    @return
    the float value represented by the string, or 0.0 if the string does not
    represent a double.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC double SAL_CALL rtl_ustr_toDouble(
        const sal_Unicode * str ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/* ======================================================================= */

#if defined(_WIN32)
#pragma pack(push, 4)
#endif

/** @cond INTERNAL */
/** The implementation of a Unicode string.
*/
typedef struct SAL_DLLPUBLIC_RTTI _rtl_uString
{
    oslInterlockedCount refCount; /* opaque */
    sal_Int32           length;
    sal_Unicode         buffer[1];
} rtl_uString;
/** @endcond */

#if defined(_WIN32)
#pragma pack(pop)
#endif

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/** Increment the reference count of a string.

    @param str
    a string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_acquire(
        rtl_uString * str ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C() SAL_HOT;

/** Decrement the reference count of a string.

    If the count goes to zero than the string data is deleted.

    @param str
    a string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_release(
        rtl_uString * str ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C() SAL_HOT;

/** Allocate a new string containing no characters.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_new(
        rtl_uString ** newStr ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Allocate a new string containing space for a given number of characters.

    The reference count of the new string will be 1. The length of the string
    will be nLen. This function does not handle out-of-memory conditions.

    For failed allocation this method returns NULL.

    The characters of the capacity are not cleared, and the length is set to
    nLen, unlike the similar method of rtl_uString_new_WithLength which
    zeros out the buffer, and sets the length to 0. So should be somewhat
    more efficient for allocating a new string.

    call rtl_uString_release to release the string
    alternatively pass ownership to an OUString with
    rtl::OUString(newStr, SAL_NO_ACQUIRE);

    @param[in] nLen the number of characters. Must be >= 0.

    @return pointer to the new string.

    @since LibreOffice 4.1
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC rtl_uString * SAL_CALL rtl_uString_alloc(sal_Int32 nLen) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Allocate a new string containing space for a given number of characters.

    If len is greater than zero, the reference count of the new string will be
    1.  The values of all characters are set to 0 and the length of the string
    is 0.  This function does not handle out-of-memory conditions.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    @param nLen
    the number of characters.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_new_WithLength(
        rtl_uString ** newStr, sal_Int32 nLen ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Allocate a new string that contains a copy of another string.

    If the length of value is greater than zero, the reference count of the
    new string will be 1.  This function does not handle out-of-memory
    conditions.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    @param value
    a valid string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newFromString(
        rtl_uString ** newStr, const rtl_uString * value ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Allocate a new string that contains a copy of a character array.

    If the length of value is greater than zero, the reference count of the
    new string will be 1.  This function does not handle out-of-memory
    conditions.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    @param value
    a null-terminated character array.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newFromStr(
        rtl_uString ** newStr, const sal_Unicode * value ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Allocate a new string that contains a copy of a character array.

    If the length of value is greater than zero, the reference count of the
    new string will be 1.  This function does not handle out-of-memory
    conditions.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    @param value
    a character array.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be at least as
    long as the specified len.

    @param len
    the length of the character array.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newFromStr_WithLength(
        rtl_uString ** newStr, const sal_Unicode * value, sal_Int32 len ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Allocate a new string that is a substring of this string.

    The substring begins at the specified beginIndex and contains count
    characters. Meaningless combinations such as negative beginIndex,
    or beginIndex + count greater than the length of the string have
    undefined behaviour.

    @param[out]    newStr       the specified substring.
    @param[in]     from         the String to take the substring from.
    @param[in]     beginIndex   the beginning index, inclusive.
    @param[in]     count        the number of characters.
    @return    the specified substring.

    @since LibreOffice 4.0
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newFromSubString(
        rtl_uString ** newStr, const rtl_uString * from,
        sal_Int32 beginIndex, sal_Int32 count ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Allocate a new string that contains a copy of a character array.

    If the length of value is greater than zero, the reference count of the
    new string will be 1.  This function does not handle out-of-memory
    conditions.

    Since this function is optimized for performance, the ASCII character
    values are not converted in any way.  The caller has to make sure that
    all ASCII characters are in the allowed range of 0 and 127, inclusive.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    @param value
    a null-terminated ASCII character array.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newFromAscii(
        rtl_uString ** newStr, const sal_Char * value ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/**
 @internal
 @since LibreOffice 3.6
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newFromLiteral(
        rtl_uString ** newStr, const sal_Char * value, sal_Int32 len,
        sal_Int32 allocExtra ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Allocate a new string from an array of Unicode code points.

    @param newString
    a non-null pointer to a (possibly null) rtl_uString pointer, which (if
    non-null) will have been passed to rtl_uString_release before the function
    returns.  Upon return, points to the newly allocated string or to null if
    there was either an out-of-memory condition or the resulting number of
    UTF-16 code units would have been larger than SAL_MAX_INT32.  The newly
    allocated string (if any) must ultimately be passed to rtl_uString_release.

    @param codePoints
    an array of at least codePointCount code points, which each must be in the
    range from 0 to 0x10FFFF, inclusive.  May be null if codePointCount is zero.

    @param codePointCount
    the non-negative number of code points.

    @since UDK 3.2.7
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newFromCodePoints(
    rtl_uString ** newString, sal_uInt32 const * codePoints,
    sal_Int32 codePointCount) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Assign a new value to a string.

    First releases any value str might currently hold, then acquires
    rightValue.

    @param str
    pointer to the string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    @param rightValue
    a valid string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_assign(
        rtl_uString ** str, rtl_uString * rightValue ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Return the length of a string.

    The length is equal to the number of characters in the string.

    @param str
    a valid string.

    @return
    the length of the string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_uString_getLength(
        const rtl_uString * str ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Return a pointer to the underlying character array of a string.

    @param str
    a valid string.

    @return
    a pointer to the null-terminated character array.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Unicode * SAL_CALL rtl_uString_getStr(
        rtl_uString * str ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string that is the concatenation of two other strings.

    The new string does not necessarily have a reference count of 1 (in cases
    where one of the two other strings is empty), so it must not be modified
    without checking the reference count.  This function does not handle
    out-of-memory conditions.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    @param left
    a valid string.

    @param right
    a valid string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newConcat(
        rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * left, rtl_uString * right ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string that is the concatenation of two other strings.

    The new string does not necessarily have a reference count of 1 (in cases
    where the ASCII string is empty), so it must not be modified without
    checking the reference count.

    @param newString
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    @param left
    a valid string.

    @param right  must not be null and must point to memory of at least
    \p rightLength ASCII bytes

    @param rightLength  the length of the \p right string; must be non-negative

    @since LibreOffice 5.1
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newConcatAsciiL(
    rtl_uString ** newString, rtl_uString * left, char const * right,
    sal_Int32 rightLength);

/** Create a new string that is the concatenation of two other strings.

    The new string does not necessarily have a reference count of 1 (in cases
    where the UTF-16 string is empty), so it must not be modified without
    checking the reference count.

    @param newString pointer to the new string. The pointed-to data must be null
    or a valid string.

    @param left a valid string.

    @param right must not be null and must point to memory of at least
    \p rightLength UTF-16 code units

    @param rightLength the length of the \p right string; must be non-negative

    @since LibreOffice 5.3
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newConcatUtf16L(
    rtl_uString ** newString, rtl_uString * left, sal_Unicode const * right,
    sal_Int32 rightLength);

/** Create a new string by replacing a substring of another string.

    The new string results from replacing a number of characters (count),
    starting at the specified position (index) in the original string (str),
    with some new substring (subStr).  If subStr is null, then only a number
    of characters is deleted.

    The new string does not necessarily have a reference count of 1, so it
    must not be modified without checking the reference count.  This function
    does not handle out-of-memory conditions.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    @param str
    a valid string.

    @param idx
    the index into str at which to start replacement.  Must be between 0 and
    the length of str, inclusive.

    @param count
    the number of characters to remove.  Must not be negative, and the sum of
    index and count must not exceed the length of str.

    @param subStr
    either null or a valid string to be inserted.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceStrAt(
        rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, sal_Int32 idx, sal_Int32 count, rtl_uString * subStr ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing all occurrences of a single character
    within another string.

    The new string results from replacing all occurrences of oldChar in str
    with newChar.

    The new string does not necessarily have a reference count of 1 (in cases
    where oldChar does not occur in str), so it must not be modified without
    checking the reference count.  This function does not handle out-of-memory
    conditions.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    @param str
    a valid string.

    @param oldChar
    the old character.

    @param newChar
    the new character.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplace(
        rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, sal_Unicode oldChar, sal_Unicode newChar ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing the first occurrence of a given substring
    with another substring.

    @param[in, out] newStr  pointer to the new string; must not be null; must
    point to null or a valid rtl_uString

    @param str  pointer to the original string; must not be null

    @param from  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null

    @param to  pointer to the replacing substring; must not be null

    @param[in,out] index  pointer to a start index, must not be null; upon entry
    to the function its value is the index into the original string at which to
    start searching for the \p from substring, the value must be non-negative
    and not greater than the original string's length; upon exit from the
    function its value is the index into the original string at which the
    replacement took place or -1 if no replacement took place

    @since LibreOffice 3.6
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceFirst(
    rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, rtl_uString const * from,
    rtl_uString const * to, sal_Int32 * index) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing the first occurrence of a given substring
    with another substring.

    @param[in, out] newStr  pointer to the new string; must not be null; must
    point to null or a valid rtl_uString

    @param str  pointer to the original string; must not be null

    @param from  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p fromLength ASCII bytes

    @param fromLength  the length of the \p from substring; must be non-negative

    @param to  pointer to the replacing substring; must not be null

    @param[in,out] index  pointer to a start index, must not be null; upon entry
    to the function its value is the index into the original string at which to
    start searching for the \p from substring, the value must be non-negative
    and not greater than the original string's length; upon exit from the
    function its value is the index into the original string at which the
    replacement took place or -1 if no replacement took place

    @since LibreOffice 3.6
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceFirstAsciiL(
    rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, char const * from,
    sal_Int32 fromLength, rtl_uString const * to, sal_Int32 * index)
    SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing the first occurrence of a given substring
    with another substring.

    @param[in, out] newStr  pointer to the new string; must not be null; must
    point to null or a valid rtl_uString

    @param str  pointer to the original string; must not be null

    @param from  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null

    @param to  pointer to the replacing substring; must not be null and must
    point to memory of at least \p toLength ASCII bytes

    @param toLength  the length of the \p to substring; must be non-negative

    @param[in,out] index  pointer to a start index, must not be null; upon entry
    to the function its value is the index into the original string at which to
    start searching for the \p from substring, the value must be non-negative
    and not greater than the original string's length; upon exit from the
    function its value is the index into the original string at which the
    replacement took place or -1 if no replacement took place

    @since LibreOffice 5.1
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceFirstToAsciiL(
    rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, rtl_uString const * from,
    char const * to, sal_Int32 toLength, sal_Int32 * index)
    SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing the first occurrence of a given substring
    with another substring.

    @param[in, out] newStr  pointer to the new string; must not be null; must
    point to null or a valid rtl_uString

    @param str  pointer to the original string; must not be null

    @param from  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p fromLength ASCII bytes

    @param fromLength  the length of the \p from substring; must be non-negative

    @param to  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p toLength ASCII bytes

    @param toLength  the length of the \p to substring; must be non-negative

    @param[in,out] index  pointer to a start index, must not be null; upon entry
    to the function its value is the index into the original string at which to
    start searching for the \p from substring, the value must be non-negative
    and not greater than the original string's length; upon exit from the
    function its value is the index into the original string at which the
    replacement took place or -1 if no replacement took place

    @since LibreOffice 3.6
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceFirstAsciiLAsciiL(
    rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, char const * from,
    sal_Int32 fromLength, char const * to, sal_Int32 toLength,
    sal_Int32 * index) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing the first occurrence of a given substring
    with another substring.

    @param[in, out] newStr  pointer to the new string; must not be null; must
    point to null or a valid rtl_uString; upon return, points to the newly
    allocated string or to null if there was either an out-of-memory condition
    or the resulting number of UTF-16 code units would have been larger than
    SAL_MAX_INT32

    @param str  pointer to the original string; must not be null

    @param from  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p fromLength ASCII bytes

    @param fromLength  the length of the \p from substring; must be non-negative

    @param to  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p toLength UTF-16 code units

    @param toLength  the length of the \p to substring; must be non-negative

    @param[in,out] index  pointer to a start index, must not be null; upon entry
    to the function its value is the index into the original string at which to
    start searching for the \p from substring, the value must be non-negative
    and not greater than the original string's length; upon exit from the
    function its value is the index into the original string at which the
    replacement took place (or would have taken place if \p newStr points to
    null upon return) or -1 if no replacement took place

    @since LibreOffice 5.3
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceFirstAsciiLUtf16L(
    rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, char const * from,
    sal_Int32 fromLength, sal_Unicode const * to, sal_Int32 toLength,
    sal_Int32 * index) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing the first occurrence of a given substring
    with another substring.

    @param[in, out] newStr  pointer to the new string; must not be null; must
    point to null or a valid rtl_uString; upon return, points to the newly
    allocated string or to null if there was either an out-of-memory condition
    or the resulting number of UTF-16 code units would have been larger than
    SAL_MAX_INT32

    @param str  pointer to the original string; must not be null

    @param from  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p fromLength UTF-16 code units

    @param fromLength  the length of the \p from substring; must be non-negative

    @param to  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p toLength ASCII bytes

    @param toLength  the length of the \p to substring; must be non-negative

    @param[in,out] index  pointer to a start index, must not be null; upon entry
    to the function its value is the index into the original string at which to
    start searching for the \p from substring, the value must be non-negative
    and not greater than the original string's length; upon exit from the
    function its value is the index into the original string at which the
    replacement took place (or would have taken place if \p newStr points to
    null upon return) or -1 if no replacement took place

    @since LibreOffice 5.3
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceFirstUtf16LAsciiL(
    rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, sal_Unicode const * from,
    sal_Int32 fromLength, char const * to, sal_Int32 toLength,
    sal_Int32 * index) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing the first occurrence of a given substring
    with another substring.

    @param[in, out] newStr  pointer to the new string; must not be null; must
    point to null or a valid rtl_uString; upon return, points to the newly
    allocated string or to null if there was either an out-of-memory condition
    or the resulting number of UTF-16 code units would have been larger than
    SAL_MAX_INT32

    @param str  pointer to the original string; must not be null

    @param from  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p fromLength UTF-16 code units

    @param fromLength  the length of the \p from substring; must be non-negative

    @param to  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p toLength UTF-16 code units

    @param toLength  the length of the \p to substring; must be non-negative

    @param[in,out] index  pointer to a start index, must not be null; upon entry
    to the function its value is the index into the original string at which to
    start searching for the \p from substring, the value must be non-negative
    and not greater than the original string's length; upon exit from the
    function its value is the index into the original string at which the
    replacement took place (or would have taken place if \p newStr points to
    null upon return) or -1 if no replacement took place

    @since LibreOffice 5.3
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceFirstUtf16LUtf16L(
    rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, sal_Unicode const * from,
    sal_Int32 fromLength, sal_Unicode const * to, sal_Int32 toLength,
    sal_Int32 * index) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing all occurrences of a given substring with
    another substring.

    Replacing subsequent occurrences picks up only after a given replacement.
    That is, replacing from "xa" to "xx" in "xaa" results in "xxa", not "xxx".

    @param[in, out] newStr  pointer to the new string; must not be null; must
    point to null or a valid rtl_uString

    @param str  pointer to the original string; must not be null

    @param from  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null

    @param to  pointer to the replacing substring; must not be null

    @since LibreOffice 3.6
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceAll(
    rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, rtl_uString const * from,
    rtl_uString const * to) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing all occurrences of a given substring with
    another substring.

    Replacing subsequent occurrences picks up only after a given replacement.
    That is, replacing from "xa" to "xx" in "xaa" results in "xxa", not "xxx".

    @param[in, out] newStr  pointer to the new string; must not be null; must
    point to null or a valid rtl_uString

    @param str  pointer to the original string; must not be null

    @param from  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null

    @param to  pointer to the replacing substring; must not be null

    @param fromIndex  the position in the string where we will begin searching

    @since LibreOffice 4.0
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceAllFromIndex(
    rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, rtl_uString const * from,
    rtl_uString const * to, sal_Int32 fromIndex) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing all occurrences of a given substring with
    another substring.

    Replacing subsequent occurrences picks up only after a given replacement.
    That is, replacing from "xa" to "xx" in "xaa" results in "xxa", not "xxx".

    @param[in, out] newStr  pointer to the new string; must not be null; must
    point to null or a valid rtl_uString

    @param str  pointer to the original string; must not be null

    @param from  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p fromLength ASCII bytes

    @param fromLength  the length of the \p from substring; must be non-negative

    @param to  pointer to the replacing substring; must not be null

    @since LibreOffice 3.6
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceAllAsciiL(
    rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, char const * from,
    sal_Int32 fromLength, rtl_uString const * to) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing all occurrences of a given substring with
    another substring.

    Replacing subsequent occurrences picks up only after a given replacement.
    That is, replacing from "xa" to "xx" in "xaa" results in "xxa", not "xxx".

    @param[in, out] newStr  pointer to the new string; must not be null; must
    point to null or a valid rtl_uString

    @param str  pointer to the original string; must not be null

    @param from  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null

    @param to  pointer to the replacing substring; must not be null and must
    point to memory of at least \p toLength ASCII bytes

    @param toLength  the length of the \p to substring; must be non-negative

    @since LibreOffice 5.1
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceAllToAsciiL(
    rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, rtl_uString const * from,
    char const * to, sal_Int32 toLength) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing all occurrences of a given substring with
    another substring.

    Replacing subsequent occurrences picks up only after a given replacement.
    That is, replacing from "xa" to "xx" in "xaa" results in "xxa", not "xxx".

    @param[in, out] newStr  pointer to the new string; must not be null; must
    point to null or a valid rtl_uString

    @param str  pointer to the original string; must not be null

    @param from  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p fromLength ASCII bytes

    @param fromLength  the length of the \p from substring; must be non-negative

    @param to  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p toLength ASCII bytes

    @param toLength  the length of the \p to substring; must be non-negative

    @since LibreOffice 3.6
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceAllAsciiLAsciiL(
    rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, char const * from,
    sal_Int32 fromLength, char const * to, sal_Int32 toLength)
    SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing all occurrences of a given substring with
    another substring.

    Replacing subsequent occurrences picks up only after a given replacement.
    That is, replacing from "xa" to "xx" in "xaa" results in "xxa", not "xxx".

    @param[in, out] newStr  pointer to the new string; must not be null; must
    point to null or a valid rtl_uString; upon return, points to the newly
    allocated string or to null if there was either an out-of-memory condition
    or the resulting number of UTF-16 code units would have been larger than
    SAL_MAX_INT32

    @param str  pointer to the original string; must not be null

    @param from  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p fromLength ASCII bytes

    @param fromLength  the length of the \p from substring; must be non-negative

    @param to  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p toLength UTF-16 code units

    @param toLength  the length of the \p to substring; must be non-negative

    @since LibreOffice 3.6
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceAllAsciiLUtf16L(
    rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, char const * from,
    sal_Int32 fromLength, sal_Unicode const * to, sal_Int32 toLength)
    SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing all occurrences of a given substring with
    another substring.

    Replacing subsequent occurrences picks up only after a given replacement.
    That is, replacing from "xa" to "xx" in "xaa" results in "xxa", not "xxx".

    @param[in, out] newStr  pointer to the new string; must not be null; must
    point to null or a valid rtl_uString; upon return, points to the newly
    allocated string or to null if there was either an out-of-memory condition
    or the resulting number of UTF-16 code units would have been larger than
    SAL_MAX_INT32

    @param str  pointer to the original string; must not be null

    @param from  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p fromLength UTF-16 code units

    @param fromLength  the length of the \p from substring; must be non-negative

    @param to  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p toLength ASCII bytes

    @param toLength  the length of the \p to substring; must be non-negative

    @since LibreOffice 3.6
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceAllUtf16LAsciiL(
    rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, sal_Unicode const * from,
    sal_Int32 fromLength, char const * to, sal_Int32 toLength)
    SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by replacing all occurrences of a given substring with
    another substring.

    Replacing subsequent occurrences picks up only after a given replacement.
    That is, replacing from "xa" to "xx" in "xaa" results in "xxa", not "xxx".

    @param[in, out] newStr  pointer to the new string; must not be null; must
    point to null or a valid rtl_uString; upon return, points to the newly
    allocated string or to null if there was either an out-of-memory condition
    or the resulting number of UTF-16 code units would have been larger than
    SAL_MAX_INT32

    @param str  pointer to the original string; must not be null

    @param from  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p fromLength UTF-16 code units

    @param fromLength  the length of the \p from substring; must be non-negative

    @param to  pointer to the substring to be replaced; must not be null and
    must point to memory of at least \p toLength UTF-16 code units

    @param toLength  the length of the \p to substring; must be non-negative

    @since LibreOffice 3.6
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newReplaceAllUtf16LUtf16L(
    rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str, sal_Unicode const * from,
    sal_Int32 fromLength, sal_Unicode const * to, sal_Int32 toLength)
    SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by converting all ASCII uppercase letters to lowercase
    within another string.

    The new string results from replacing all characters with values between
    65 and 90 (ASCII A--Z) by values between 97 and 122 (ASCII a--z).

    This function cannot be used for language-specific conversion.  The new
    string does not necessarily have a reference count of 1 (in cases where
    no characters need to be converted), so it must not be modified without
    checking the reference count.  This function does not handle out-of-memory
    conditions.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    @param str
    a valid string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newToAsciiLowerCase(
        rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by converting all ASCII lowercase letters to uppercase
    within another string.

    The new string results from replacing all characters with values between
    97 and 122 (ASCII a--z) by values between 65 and 90 (ASCII A--Z).

    This function cannot be used for language-specific conversion.  The new
    string does not necessarily have a reference count of 1 (in cases where
    no characters need to be converted), so it must not be modified without
    checking the reference count.  This function does not handle out-of-memory
    conditions.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    @param str
    a valid string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newToAsciiUpperCase(
        rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by removing white space from both ends of another
    string.

    The new string results from removing all characters with values less than
    or equal to 32 (the space character), and also Unicode General Punctuation
    area Space and some Control characters, form both ends of str (see
    rtl_ImplIsWhitespace).

    This function cannot be used for language-specific conversion.  The new
    string does not necessarily have a reference count of 1 (in cases where
    no characters need to be removed), so it must not be modified without
    checking the reference count.  This function does not handle out-of-memory
    conditions.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    @param str
    a valid string.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_newTrim(
        rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Create a new string by extracting a single token from another string.

    Starting at index, the token's next token is searched for.  If there is no
    such token, the result is an empty string.  Otherwise, all characters from
    the start of that token and up to, but not including the next occurrence
    of cTok make up the resulting token.  The return value is the position of
    the next token, or -1 if no more tokens follow.

    Example code could look like
      rtl_uString * pToken = NULL;
      sal_Int32 nIndex = 0;
      do
      {
          ...
          nIndex = rtl_uString_getToken(&pToken, pStr, 0, ';', nIndex);
          ...
      }
      while (nIndex >= 0);

    The new string does not necessarily have a reference count of 1, so it
    must not be modified without checking the reference count.  This function
    does not handle out-of-memory conditions.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.  If either token or index is negative, an empty token is stored in
    newStr (and -1 is returned).

    @param str
    a valid string.

    @param token
    the number of the token to return, starting at index.

    @param cTok
    the character that separates the tokens.

    @param idx
    the position at which searching for the token starts.  Must not be greater
    than the length of str.

    @return
    the index of the next token, or -1 if no more tokens follow.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Int32 SAL_CALL rtl_uString_getToken(
        rtl_uString ** newStr , rtl_uString * str, sal_Int32 token, sal_Unicode cTok, sal_Int32 idx ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/* ======================================================================= */

/** Supply an ASCII string literal together with its length and text encoding.

    This macro can be used to compute (some of) the arguments in function calls
    like rtl::OUString(RTL_CONSTASCII_USTRINGPARAM("foo")).

    @param constAsciiStr
    must be an expression of type "(possibly cv-qualified reference to) array of
    (possibly cv-qualified) char."  Each element of the referenced array must
    represent an ASCII value in the range 0x00--0x7F.  The last element of the
    referenced array is not considered part of the represented ASCII string, and
    its value should be 0x00.  Depending on where this macro is used, the nature
    of the supplied expression might be further restricted.
*/
// The &foo[0] trick is intentional, it makes sure the type is char* or const char*
// (plain cast to const char* would not work with non-const char foo[]="a", which seems to be allowed).
// This is to avoid mistaken use with functions that accept string literals
// (i.e. const char (&)[N]) where usage of this macro otherwise could match
// the argument and a following int argument with a default value (e.g. OUString::match()).
#define RTL_CONSTASCII_USTRINGPARAM( constAsciiStr ) (&(constAsciiStr)[0]), \
    ((sal_Int32)(SAL_N_ELEMENTS(constAsciiStr)-1)), RTL_TEXTENCODING_ASCII_US

/* ======================================================================= */

/* predefined constants for String-Conversion */
#define OSTRING_TO_OUSTRING_CVTFLAGS    (RTL_TEXTTOUNICODE_FLAGS_UNDEFINED_MAPTOPRIVATE |\
                                         RTL_TEXTTOUNICODE_FLAGS_MBUNDEFINED_DEFAULT |\
                                         RTL_TEXTTOUNICODE_FLAGS_INVALID_DEFAULT)

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/** Create a new Unicode string by converting a byte string, using a specific
    text encoding.

    The lengths of the byte string and the Unicode string may differ (e.g.,
    for double-byte encodings, UTF-7, UTF-8).

    If the length of the byte string is greater than zero, the reference count
    of the new string will be 1.

    If an out-of-memory condition occurs, newStr will point to a null pointer
    upon return.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    @param str
    a byte character array.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be at
    least as long as the specified len.

    @param len
    the length of the byte character array.

    @param encoding
    the text encoding to use for conversion.

    @param convertFlags
    flags which control the conversion.  Either use
    OSTRING_TO_OUSTRING_CVTFLAGS, or see
    <http://udk.openoffice.org/cpp/man/spec/textconversion.html> for more
    details.
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_string2UString(
        rtl_uString ** newStr, const sal_Char * str, sal_Int32 len, rtl_TextEncoding encoding, sal_uInt32 convertFlags ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/* ======================================================================= */
/* Interning methods */

/** Return a canonical representation for a string.

    A pool of strings, initially empty is maintained privately
    by the string class. On invocation, if present in the pool
    the original string will be returned. Otherwise this string,
    or a copy thereof will be added to the pool and returned.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    If an out-of-memory condition occurs, newStr will point to a null pointer
    upon return.

    @param str
    pointer to the string to be interned.

    @since UDK 3.2.7
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_intern(
        rtl_uString ** newStr, rtl_uString * str) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Return a canonical representation for a string.

    A pool of strings, initially empty is maintained privately
    by the string class. On invocation, if present in the pool
    the original string will be returned. Otherwise this string,
    or a copy thereof will be added to the pool and returned.

    @param newStr
    pointer to the new string.  The pointed-to data must be null or a valid
    string.

    If an out-of-memory condition occurs, newStr will point to a null pointer
    upon return.

    @param str
    a byte character array.  Need not be null-terminated, but must be at
    least as long as the specified len.

    @param len
    the length of the byte character array.

    @param encoding
    the text encoding to use for conversion.

    @param convertFlags
    flags which control the conversion.  Either use
    OSTRING_TO_OUSTRING_CVTFLAGS, or see
    <http://udk.openoffice.org/cpp/man/spec/textconversion.html> for more
    details.

    @param pInfo
    pointer to return conversion status in, or NULL.

    @since UDK 3.2.7
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_internConvert(
                                         rtl_uString   ** newStr,
                                         const sal_Char * str,
                                         sal_Int32        len,
                                         rtl_TextEncoding encoding,
                                         sal_uInt32       convertFlags,
                                         sal_uInt32      *pInfo) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Iterate through a string based on code points instead of UTF-16 code units.

    See Chapter 3 of The Unicode Standard 5.0 (Addison--Wesley, 2006) for
    definitions of the various terms used in this description.

    The given string is interpreted as a sequence of zero or more UTF-16 code
    units.  For each index into this sequence (from zero to one less than the
    length of the sequence, inclusive), a code point represented starting at the
    given index is computed as follows:

    - If the UTF-16 code unit addressed by the index constitutes a well-formed
    UTF-16 code unit sequence, the computed code point is the scalar value
    encoded by that UTF-16 code unit sequence.

    - Otherwise, if the index is at least two UTF-16 code units away from the
    end of the sequence, and the sequence of two UTF-16 code units addressed by
    the index constitutes a well-formed UTF-16 code unit sequence, the computed
    code point is the scalar value encoded by that UTF-16 code unit sequence.

    - Otherwise, the computed code point is the UTF-16 code unit addressed by
    the index.  (This last case catches unmatched surrogates as well as indices
    pointing into the middle of surrogate pairs.)

    @param string
    pointer to a valid string; must not be null.

    @param indexUtf16
    pointer to a UTF-16 based index into the given string; must not be null.  On
    entry, the index must be in the range from zero to the length of the string
    (in UTF-16 code units), inclusive.  Upon successful return, the index will
    be updated to address the UTF-16 code unit that is the given
    incrementCodePoints away from the initial index.

    @param incrementCodePoints
    the number of code points to move the given *indexUtf16.  If non-negative,
    moving is done after determining the code point at the index.  If negative,
    moving is done before determining the code point at the (then updated)
    index.  The value must be such that the resulting UTF-16 based index is in
    the range from zero to the length of the string (in UTF-16 code units),
    inclusive.

    @return
    the code point (an integer in the range from 0 to 0x10FFFF, inclusive) that
    is represented within the string starting at the index computed as follows:
    If incrementCodePoints is non-negative, the index is the initial value of
    *indexUtf16; if incrementCodePoints is negative, the index is the updated
    value of *indexUtf16.  In either case, the computed index must be in the
    range from zero to one less than the length of the string (in UTF-16 code
    units), inclusive.

    @since UDK 3.2.7
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_uInt32 SAL_CALL rtl_uString_iterateCodePoints(
    rtl_uString const * string, sal_Int32 * indexUtf16,
    sal_Int32 incrementCodePoints);

/** Converts a byte string to a Unicode string, signalling failure.

    @param target
    An out parameter receiving the converted string.  Must not be null itself,
    and must contain either null or a pointer to a valid rtl_uString; the
    contents are unspecified if conversion fails (rtl_convertStringToUString
    returns false).

    @param source
    The byte string.  May only be null if length is zero.

    @param length
    The length of the byte string.  Must be non-negative.

    @param encoding
    The text encoding to convert from.  Must be an octet encoding (i.e.,
    rtl_isOctetTextEncoding(encoding) must return true).

    @param flags
    A combination of RTL_TEXTTOUNICODE_FLAGS that detail how to do the
    conversion (see rtl_convertTextToUnicode).  RTL_TEXTTOUNICODE_FLAGS_FLUSH
    need not be included, it is implicitly assumed.  Typical uses are either
    RTL_TEXTTOUNICODE_FLAGS_UNDEFINED_ERROR |
    RTL_TEXTTOUNICODE_FLAGS_MBUNDEFINED_ERROR |
    RTL_TEXTTOUNICODE_FLAGS_INVALID_ERROR (fail if a byte or multi-byte sequence
    cannot be converted from the source encoding) or
    OSTRING_TO_OUSTRING_CVTFLAGS (make a best efforts conversion).

    @return
    True if the conversion succeeded, false otherwise.

    @since UDK 3.2.9
*/
SAL_DLLPUBLIC sal_Bool SAL_CALL rtl_convertStringToUString(
    rtl_uString ** target, char const * source, sal_Int32 length,
    rtl_TextEncoding encoding, sal_uInt32 flags) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

/** Ensure a string has enough space for a given number of characters.

 If the given string is large enough and has refcount of 1, it is not altered in any way.
 Otherwise it is replaced by a copy that has enough space for the given number of characters,
 data from the source string is copied to the beginning of it, the content of the remaining
 capacity undefined, the string has refcount of 1, and refcount of the original string is decreased.

 @param str
 pointer to the string.  The pointed-to data must be a valid string.

 @param size
 the number of characters

 @since LibreOffice 4.1
 @internal
 */
SAL_DLLPUBLIC void SAL_CALL rtl_uString_ensureCapacity( rtl_uString ** str, sal_Int32 size ) SAL_THROW_EXTERN_C();

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

#endif // INCLUDED_RTL_USTRING_H

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