Adding upstream version 5.10.209.upstream/5.10.209

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 2367 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/block/genhd.c b/block/genhd.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..796baf761
--- /dev/null
+++ b/block/genhd.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2367 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ *  gendisk handling
+ */
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/ctype.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/genhd.h>
+#include <linux/kdev_t.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/blkdev.h>
+#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/spinlock.h>
+#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
+#include <linux/seq_file.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/kmod.h>
+#include <linux/kobj_map.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/idr.h>
+#include <linux/log2.h>
+#include <linux/pm_runtime.h>
+#include <linux/badblocks.h>
+
+#include "blk.h"
+
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(block_class_lock);
+static struct kobject *block_depr;
+
+/* for extended dynamic devt allocation, currently only one major is used */
+#define NR_EXT_DEVT		(1 << MINORBITS)
+
+/* For extended devt allocation.  ext_devt_lock prevents look up
+ * results from going away underneath its user.
+ */
+static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(ext_devt_lock);
+static DEFINE_IDR(ext_devt_idr);
+
+static void disk_check_events(struct disk_events *ev,
+			      unsigned int *clearing_ptr);
+static void disk_alloc_events(struct gendisk *disk);
+static void disk_add_events(struct gendisk *disk);
+static void disk_del_events(struct gendisk *disk);
+static void disk_release_events(struct gendisk *disk);
+
+/*
+ * Set disk capacity and notify if the size is not currently
+ * zero and will not be set to zero
+ */
+bool set_capacity_revalidate_and_notify(struct gendisk *disk, sector_t size,
+					bool update_bdev)
+{
+	sector_t capacity = get_capacity(disk);
+
+	set_capacity(disk, size);
+	if (update_bdev)
+		revalidate_disk_size(disk, true);
+
+	if (capacity != size && capacity != 0 && size != 0) {
+		char *envp[] = { "RESIZE=1", NULL };
+
+		kobject_uevent_env(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj, KOBJ_CHANGE, envp);
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(set_capacity_revalidate_and_notify);
+
+/*
+ * Format the device name of the indicated disk into the supplied buffer and
+ * return a pointer to that same buffer for convenience.
+ */
+char *disk_name(struct gendisk *hd, int partno, char *buf)
+{
+	if (!partno)
+		snprintf(buf, BDEVNAME_SIZE, "%s", hd->disk_name);
+	else if (isdigit(hd->disk_name[strlen(hd->disk_name)-1]))
+		snprintf(buf, BDEVNAME_SIZE, "%sp%d", hd->disk_name, partno);
+	else
+		snprintf(buf, BDEVNAME_SIZE, "%s%d", hd->disk_name, partno);
+
+	return buf;
+}
+
+const char *bdevname(struct block_device *bdev, char *buf)
+{
+	return disk_name(bdev->bd_disk, bdev->bd_partno, buf);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdevname);
+
+static void part_stat_read_all(struct hd_struct *part, struct disk_stats *stat)
+{
+	int cpu;
+
+	memset(stat, 0, sizeof(struct disk_stats));
+	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
+		struct disk_stats *ptr = per_cpu_ptr(part->dkstats, cpu);
+		int group;
+
+		for (group = 0; group < NR_STAT_GROUPS; group++) {
+			stat->nsecs[group] += ptr->nsecs[group];
+			stat->sectors[group] += ptr->sectors[group];
+			stat->ios[group] += ptr->ios[group];
+			stat->merges[group] += ptr->merges[group];
+		}
+
+		stat->io_ticks += ptr->io_ticks;
+	}
+}
+
+static unsigned int part_in_flight(struct hd_struct *part)
+{
+	unsigned int inflight = 0;
+	int cpu;
+
+	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
+		inflight += part_stat_local_read_cpu(part, in_flight[0], cpu) +
+			    part_stat_local_read_cpu(part, in_flight[1], cpu);
+	}
+	if ((int)inflight < 0)
+		inflight = 0;
+
+	return inflight;
+}
+
+static void part_in_flight_rw(struct hd_struct *part, unsigned int inflight[2])
+{
+	int cpu;
+
+	inflight[0] = 0;
+	inflight[1] = 0;
+	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
+		inflight[0] += part_stat_local_read_cpu(part, in_flight[0], cpu);
+		inflight[1] += part_stat_local_read_cpu(part, in_flight[1], cpu);
+	}
+	if ((int)inflight[0] < 0)
+		inflight[0] = 0;
+	if ((int)inflight[1] < 0)
+		inflight[1] = 0;
+}
+
+struct hd_struct *__disk_get_part(struct gendisk *disk, int partno)
+{
+	struct disk_part_tbl *ptbl = rcu_dereference(disk->part_tbl);
+
+	if (unlikely(partno < 0 || partno >= ptbl->len))
+		return NULL;
+	return rcu_dereference(ptbl->part[partno]);
+}
+
+/**
+ * disk_get_part - get partition
+ * @disk: disk to look partition from
+ * @partno: partition number
+ *
+ * Look for partition @partno from @disk.  If found, increment
+ * reference count and return it.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Don't care.
+ *
+ * RETURNS:
+ * Pointer to the found partition on success, NULL if not found.
+ */
+struct hd_struct *disk_get_part(struct gendisk *disk, int partno)
+{
+	struct hd_struct *part;
+
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	part = __disk_get_part(disk, partno);
+	if (part)
+		get_device(part_to_dev(part));
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+
+	return part;
+}
+
+/**
+ * disk_part_iter_init - initialize partition iterator
+ * @piter: iterator to initialize
+ * @disk: disk to iterate over
+ * @flags: DISK_PITER_* flags
+ *
+ * Initialize @piter so that it iterates over partitions of @disk.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Don't care.
+ */
+void disk_part_iter_init(struct disk_part_iter *piter, struct gendisk *disk,
+			  unsigned int flags)
+{
+	struct disk_part_tbl *ptbl;
+
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	ptbl = rcu_dereference(disk->part_tbl);
+
+	piter->disk = disk;
+	piter->part = NULL;
+
+	if (flags & DISK_PITER_REVERSE)
+		piter->idx = ptbl->len - 1;
+	else if (flags & (DISK_PITER_INCL_PART0 | DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY_PART0))
+		piter->idx = 0;
+	else
+		piter->idx = 1;
+
+	piter->flags = flags;
+
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disk_part_iter_init);
+
+/**
+ * disk_part_iter_next - proceed iterator to the next partition and return it
+ * @piter: iterator of interest
+ *
+ * Proceed @piter to the next partition and return it.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Don't care.
+ */
+struct hd_struct *disk_part_iter_next(struct disk_part_iter *piter)
+{
+	struct disk_part_tbl *ptbl;
+	int inc, end;
+
+	/* put the last partition */
+	disk_put_part(piter->part);
+	piter->part = NULL;
+
+	/* get part_tbl */
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	ptbl = rcu_dereference(piter->disk->part_tbl);
+
+	/* determine iteration parameters */
+	if (piter->flags & DISK_PITER_REVERSE) {
+		inc = -1;
+		if (piter->flags & (DISK_PITER_INCL_PART0 |
+				    DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY_PART0))
+			end = -1;
+		else
+			end = 0;
+	} else {
+		inc = 1;
+		end = ptbl->len;
+	}
+
+	/* iterate to the next partition */
+	for (; piter->idx != end; piter->idx += inc) {
+		struct hd_struct *part;
+
+		part = rcu_dereference(ptbl->part[piter->idx]);
+		if (!part)
+			continue;
+		get_device(part_to_dev(part));
+		piter->part = part;
+		if (!part_nr_sects_read(part) &&
+		    !(piter->flags & DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY) &&
+		    !(piter->flags & DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY_PART0 &&
+		      piter->idx == 0)) {
+			put_device(part_to_dev(part));
+			piter->part = NULL;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		piter->idx += inc;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+
+	return piter->part;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disk_part_iter_next);
+
+/**
+ * disk_part_iter_exit - finish up partition iteration
+ * @piter: iter of interest
+ *
+ * Called when iteration is over.  Cleans up @piter.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Don't care.
+ */
+void disk_part_iter_exit(struct disk_part_iter *piter)
+{
+	disk_put_part(piter->part);
+	piter->part = NULL;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disk_part_iter_exit);
+
+static inline int sector_in_part(struct hd_struct *part, sector_t sector)
+{
+	return part->start_sect <= sector &&
+		sector < part->start_sect + part_nr_sects_read(part);
+}
+
+/**
+ * disk_map_sector_rcu - map sector to partition
+ * @disk: gendisk of interest
+ * @sector: sector to map
+ *
+ * Find out which partition @sector maps to on @disk.  This is
+ * primarily used for stats accounting.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * RCU read locked.  The returned partition pointer is always valid
+ * because its refcount is grabbed except for part0, which lifetime
+ * is same with the disk.
+ *
+ * RETURNS:
+ * Found partition on success, part0 is returned if no partition matches
+ * or the matched partition is being deleted.
+ */
+struct hd_struct *disk_map_sector_rcu(struct gendisk *disk, sector_t sector)
+{
+	struct disk_part_tbl *ptbl;
+	struct hd_struct *part;
+	int i;
+
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	ptbl = rcu_dereference(disk->part_tbl);
+
+	part = rcu_dereference(ptbl->last_lookup);
+	if (part && sector_in_part(part, sector) && hd_struct_try_get(part))
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	for (i = 1; i < ptbl->len; i++) {
+		part = rcu_dereference(ptbl->part[i]);
+
+		if (part && sector_in_part(part, sector)) {
+			/*
+			 * only live partition can be cached for lookup,
+			 * so use-after-free on cached & deleting partition
+			 * can be avoided
+			 */
+			if (!hd_struct_try_get(part))
+				break;
+			rcu_assign_pointer(ptbl->last_lookup, part);
+			goto out_unlock;
+		}
+	}
+
+	part = &disk->part0;
+out_unlock:
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+	return part;
+}
+
+/**
+ * disk_has_partitions
+ * @disk: gendisk of interest
+ *
+ * Walk through the partition table and check if valid partition exists.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Don't care.
+ *
+ * RETURNS:
+ * True if the gendisk has at least one valid non-zero size partition.
+ * Otherwise false.
+ */
+bool disk_has_partitions(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+	struct disk_part_tbl *ptbl;
+	int i;
+	bool ret = false;
+
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	ptbl = rcu_dereference(disk->part_tbl);
+
+	/* Iterate partitions skipping the whole device at index 0 */
+	for (i = 1; i < ptbl->len; i++) {
+		if (rcu_dereference(ptbl->part[i])) {
+			ret = true;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disk_has_partitions);
+
+/*
+ * Can be deleted altogether. Later.
+ *
+ */
+#define BLKDEV_MAJOR_HASH_SIZE 255
+static struct blk_major_name {
+	struct blk_major_name *next;
+	int major;
+	char name[16];
+} *major_names[BLKDEV_MAJOR_HASH_SIZE];
+
+/* index in the above - for now: assume no multimajor ranges */
+static inline int major_to_index(unsigned major)
+{
+	return major % BLKDEV_MAJOR_HASH_SIZE;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
+void blkdev_show(struct seq_file *seqf, off_t offset)
+{
+	struct blk_major_name *dp;
+
+	mutex_lock(&block_class_lock);
+	for (dp = major_names[major_to_index(offset)]; dp; dp = dp->next)
+		if (dp->major == offset)
+			seq_printf(seqf, "%3d %s\n", dp->major, dp->name);
+	mutex_unlock(&block_class_lock);
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */
+
+/**
+ * register_blkdev - register a new block device
+ *
+ * @major: the requested major device number [1..BLKDEV_MAJOR_MAX-1]. If
+ *         @major = 0, try to allocate any unused major number.
+ * @name: the name of the new block device as a zero terminated string
+ *
+ * The @name must be unique within the system.
+ *
+ * The return value depends on the @major input parameter:
+ *
+ *  - if a major device number was requested in range [1..BLKDEV_MAJOR_MAX-1]
+ *    then the function returns zero on success, or a negative error code
+ *  - if any unused major number was requested with @major = 0 parameter
+ *    then the return value is the allocated major number in range
+ *    [1..BLKDEV_MAJOR_MAX-1] or a negative error code otherwise
+ *
+ * See Documentation/admin-guide/devices.txt for the list of allocated
+ * major numbers.
+ */
+int register_blkdev(unsigned int major, const char *name)
+{
+	struct blk_major_name **n, *p;
+	int index, ret = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&block_class_lock);
+
+	/* temporary */
+	if (major == 0) {
+		for (index = ARRAY_SIZE(major_names)-1; index > 0; index--) {
+			if (major_names[index] == NULL)
+				break;
+		}
+
+		if (index == 0) {
+			printk("%s: failed to get major for %s\n",
+			       __func__, name);
+			ret = -EBUSY;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		major = index;
+		ret = major;
+	}
+
+	if (major >= BLKDEV_MAJOR_MAX) {
+		pr_err("%s: major requested (%u) is greater than the maximum (%u) for %s\n",
+		       __func__, major, BLKDEV_MAJOR_MAX-1, name);
+
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	p = kmalloc(sizeof(struct blk_major_name), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (p == NULL) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	p->major = major;
+	strlcpy(p->name, name, sizeof(p->name));
+	p->next = NULL;
+	index = major_to_index(major);
+
+	for (n = &major_names[index]; *n; n = &(*n)->next) {
+		if ((*n)->major == major)
+			break;
+	}
+	if (!*n)
+		*n = p;
+	else
+		ret = -EBUSY;
+
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		printk("register_blkdev: cannot get major %u for %s\n",
+		       major, name);
+		kfree(p);
+	}
+out:
+	mutex_unlock(&block_class_lock);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_blkdev);
+
+void unregister_blkdev(unsigned int major, const char *name)
+{
+	struct blk_major_name **n;
+	struct blk_major_name *p = NULL;
+	int index = major_to_index(major);
+
+	mutex_lock(&block_class_lock);
+	for (n = &major_names[index]; *n; n = &(*n)->next)
+		if ((*n)->major == major)
+			break;
+	if (!*n || strcmp((*n)->name, name)) {
+		WARN_ON(1);
+	} else {
+		p = *n;
+		*n = p->next;
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&block_class_lock);
+	kfree(p);
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_blkdev);
+
+static struct kobj_map *bdev_map;
+
+/**
+ * blk_mangle_minor - scatter minor numbers apart
+ * @minor: minor number to mangle
+ *
+ * Scatter consecutively allocated @minor number apart if MANGLE_DEVT
+ * is enabled.  Mangling twice gives the original value.
+ *
+ * RETURNS:
+ * Mangled value.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Don't care.
+ */
+static int blk_mangle_minor(int minor)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_BLOCK_EXT_DEVT
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < MINORBITS / 2; i++) {
+		int low = minor & (1 << i);
+		int high = minor & (1 << (MINORBITS - 1 - i));
+		int distance = MINORBITS - 1 - 2 * i;
+
+		minor ^= low | high;	/* clear both bits */
+		low <<= distance;	/* swap the positions */
+		high >>= distance;
+		minor |= low | high;	/* and set */
+	}
+#endif
+	return minor;
+}
+
+/**
+ * blk_alloc_devt - allocate a dev_t for a partition
+ * @part: partition to allocate dev_t for
+ * @devt: out parameter for resulting dev_t
+ *
+ * Allocate a dev_t for block device.
+ *
+ * RETURNS:
+ * 0 on success, allocated dev_t is returned in *@devt.  -errno on
+ * failure.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Might sleep.
+ */
+int blk_alloc_devt(struct hd_struct *part, dev_t *devt)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = part_to_disk(part);
+	int idx;
+
+	/* in consecutive minor range? */
+	if (part->partno < disk->minors) {
+		*devt = MKDEV(disk->major, disk->first_minor + part->partno);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* allocate ext devt */
+	idr_preload(GFP_KERNEL);
+
+	spin_lock_bh(&ext_devt_lock);
+	idx = idr_alloc(&ext_devt_idr, part, 0, NR_EXT_DEVT, GFP_NOWAIT);
+	spin_unlock_bh(&ext_devt_lock);
+
+	idr_preload_end();
+	if (idx < 0)
+		return idx == -ENOSPC ? -EBUSY : idx;
+
+	*devt = MKDEV(BLOCK_EXT_MAJOR, blk_mangle_minor(idx));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * blk_free_devt - free a dev_t
+ * @devt: dev_t to free
+ *
+ * Free @devt which was allocated using blk_alloc_devt().
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Might sleep.
+ */
+void blk_free_devt(dev_t devt)
+{
+	if (devt == MKDEV(0, 0))
+		return;
+
+	if (MAJOR(devt) == BLOCK_EXT_MAJOR) {
+		spin_lock_bh(&ext_devt_lock);
+		idr_remove(&ext_devt_idr, blk_mangle_minor(MINOR(devt)));
+		spin_unlock_bh(&ext_devt_lock);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * We invalidate devt by assigning NULL pointer for devt in idr.
+ */
+void blk_invalidate_devt(dev_t devt)
+{
+	if (MAJOR(devt) == BLOCK_EXT_MAJOR) {
+		spin_lock_bh(&ext_devt_lock);
+		idr_replace(&ext_devt_idr, NULL, blk_mangle_minor(MINOR(devt)));
+		spin_unlock_bh(&ext_devt_lock);
+	}
+}
+
+static char *bdevt_str(dev_t devt, char *buf)
+{
+	if (MAJOR(devt) <= 0xff && MINOR(devt) <= 0xff) {
+		char tbuf[BDEVT_SIZE];
+		snprintf(tbuf, BDEVT_SIZE, "%02x%02x", MAJOR(devt), MINOR(devt));
+		snprintf(buf, BDEVT_SIZE, "%-9s", tbuf);
+	} else
+		snprintf(buf, BDEVT_SIZE, "%03x:%05x", MAJOR(devt), MINOR(devt));
+
+	return buf;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Register device numbers dev..(dev+range-1)
+ * range must be nonzero
+ * The hash chain is sorted on range, so that subranges can override.
+ */
+void blk_register_region(dev_t devt, unsigned long range, struct module *module,
+			 struct kobject *(*probe)(dev_t, int *, void *),
+			 int (*lock)(dev_t, void *), void *data)
+{
+	kobj_map(bdev_map, devt, range, module, probe, lock, data);
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_register_region);
+
+void blk_unregister_region(dev_t devt, unsigned long range)
+{
+	kobj_unmap(bdev_map, devt, range);
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_unregister_region);
+
+static struct kobject *exact_match(dev_t devt, int *partno, void *data)
+{
+	struct gendisk *p = data;
+
+	return &disk_to_dev(p)->kobj;
+}
+
+static int exact_lock(dev_t devt, void *data)
+{
+	struct gendisk *p = data;
+
+	if (!get_disk_and_module(p))
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void disk_scan_partitions(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+	struct block_device *bdev;
+
+	if (!get_capacity(disk) || !disk_part_scan_enabled(disk))
+		return;
+
+	set_bit(GD_NEED_PART_SCAN, &disk->state);
+	bdev = blkdev_get_by_dev(disk_devt(disk), FMODE_READ, NULL);
+	if (!IS_ERR(bdev))
+		blkdev_put(bdev, FMODE_READ);
+}
+
+static void register_disk(struct device *parent, struct gendisk *disk,
+			  const struct attribute_group **groups)
+{
+	struct device *ddev = disk_to_dev(disk);
+	struct disk_part_iter piter;
+	struct hd_struct *part;
+	int err;
+
+	ddev->parent = parent;
+
+	dev_set_name(ddev, "%s", disk->disk_name);
+
+	/* delay uevents, until we scanned partition table */
+	dev_set_uevent_suppress(ddev, 1);
+
+	if (groups) {
+		WARN_ON(ddev->groups);
+		ddev->groups = groups;
+	}
+	if (device_add(ddev))
+		return;
+	if (!sysfs_deprecated) {
+		err = sysfs_create_link(block_depr, &ddev->kobj,
+					kobject_name(&ddev->kobj));
+		if (err) {
+			device_del(ddev);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * avoid probable deadlock caused by allocating memory with
+	 * GFP_KERNEL in runtime_resume callback of its all ancestor
+	 * devices
+	 */
+	pm_runtime_set_memalloc_noio(ddev, true);
+
+	disk->part0.holder_dir = kobject_create_and_add("holders", &ddev->kobj);
+	disk->slave_dir = kobject_create_and_add("slaves", &ddev->kobj);
+
+	if (disk->flags & GENHD_FL_HIDDEN)
+		return;
+
+	disk_scan_partitions(disk);
+
+	/* announce disk after possible partitions are created */
+	dev_set_uevent_suppress(ddev, 0);
+	kobject_uevent(&ddev->kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
+
+	/* announce possible partitions */
+	disk_part_iter_init(&piter, disk, 0);
+	while ((part = disk_part_iter_next(&piter)))
+		kobject_uevent(&part_to_dev(part)->kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
+	disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
+
+	if (disk->queue->backing_dev_info->dev) {
+		err = sysfs_create_link(&ddev->kobj,
+			  &disk->queue->backing_dev_info->dev->kobj,
+			  "bdi");
+		WARN_ON(err);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * __device_add_disk - add disk information to kernel list
+ * @parent: parent device for the disk
+ * @disk: per-device partitioning information
+ * @groups: Additional per-device sysfs groups
+ * @register_queue: register the queue if set to true
+ *
+ * This function registers the partitioning information in @disk
+ * with the kernel.
+ *
+ * FIXME: error handling
+ */
+static void __device_add_disk(struct device *parent, struct gendisk *disk,
+			      const struct attribute_group **groups,
+			      bool register_queue)
+{
+	dev_t devt;
+	int retval;
+
+	/*
+	 * The disk queue should now be all set with enough information about
+	 * the device for the elevator code to pick an adequate default
+	 * elevator if one is needed, that is, for devices requesting queue
+	 * registration.
+	 */
+	if (register_queue)
+		elevator_init_mq(disk->queue);
+
+	/* minors == 0 indicates to use ext devt from part0 and should
+	 * be accompanied with EXT_DEVT flag.  Make sure all
+	 * parameters make sense.
+	 */
+	WARN_ON(disk->minors && !(disk->major || disk->first_minor));
+	WARN_ON(!disk->minors &&
+		!(disk->flags & (GENHD_FL_EXT_DEVT | GENHD_FL_HIDDEN)));
+
+	disk->flags |= GENHD_FL_UP;
+
+	retval = blk_alloc_devt(&disk->part0, &devt);
+	if (retval) {
+		WARN_ON(1);
+		return;
+	}
+	disk->major = MAJOR(devt);
+	disk->first_minor = MINOR(devt);
+
+	disk_alloc_events(disk);
+
+	if (disk->flags & GENHD_FL_HIDDEN) {
+		/*
+		 * Don't let hidden disks show up in /proc/partitions,
+		 * and don't bother scanning for partitions either.
+		 */
+		disk->flags |= GENHD_FL_SUPPRESS_PARTITION_INFO;
+		disk->flags |= GENHD_FL_NO_PART_SCAN;
+	} else {
+		struct backing_dev_info *bdi = disk->queue->backing_dev_info;
+		struct device *dev = disk_to_dev(disk);
+		int ret;
+
+		/* Register BDI before referencing it from bdev */
+		dev->devt = devt;
+		ret = bdi_register(bdi, "%u:%u", MAJOR(devt), MINOR(devt));
+		WARN_ON(ret);
+		bdi_set_owner(bdi, dev);
+		blk_register_region(disk_devt(disk), disk->minors, NULL,
+				    exact_match, exact_lock, disk);
+	}
+	register_disk(parent, disk, groups);
+	if (register_queue)
+		blk_register_queue(disk);
+
+	/*
+	 * Take an extra ref on queue which will be put on disk_release()
+	 * so that it sticks around as long as @disk is there.
+	 */
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(!blk_get_queue(disk->queue));
+
+	disk_add_events(disk);
+	blk_integrity_add(disk);
+}
+
+void device_add_disk(struct device *parent, struct gendisk *disk,
+		     const struct attribute_group **groups)
+
+{
+	__device_add_disk(parent, disk, groups, true);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(device_add_disk);
+
+void device_add_disk_no_queue_reg(struct device *parent, struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+	__device_add_disk(parent, disk, NULL, false);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(device_add_disk_no_queue_reg);
+
+static void invalidate_partition(struct gendisk *disk, int partno)
+{
+	struct block_device *bdev;
+
+	bdev = bdget_disk(disk, partno);
+	if (!bdev)
+		return;
+
+	fsync_bdev(bdev);
+	__invalidate_device(bdev, true);
+
+	/*
+	 * Unhash the bdev inode for this device so that it gets evicted as soon
+	 * as last inode reference is dropped.
+	 */
+	remove_inode_hash(bdev->bd_inode);
+	bdput(bdev);
+}
+
+/**
+ * del_gendisk - remove the gendisk
+ * @disk: the struct gendisk to remove
+ *
+ * Removes the gendisk and all its associated resources. This deletes the
+ * partitions associated with the gendisk, and unregisters the associated
+ * request_queue.
+ *
+ * This is the counter to the respective __device_add_disk() call.
+ *
+ * The final removal of the struct gendisk happens when its refcount reaches 0
+ * with put_disk(), which should be called after del_gendisk(), if
+ * __device_add_disk() was used.
+ *
+ * Drivers exist which depend on the release of the gendisk to be synchronous,
+ * it should not be deferred.
+ *
+ * Context: can sleep
+ */
+void del_gendisk(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+	struct disk_part_iter piter;
+	struct hd_struct *part;
+
+	might_sleep();
+
+	blk_integrity_del(disk);
+	disk_del_events(disk);
+
+	/*
+	 * Block lookups of the disk until all bdevs are unhashed and the
+	 * disk is marked as dead (GENHD_FL_UP cleared).
+	 */
+	down_write(&disk->lookup_sem);
+	/* invalidate stuff */
+	disk_part_iter_init(&piter, disk,
+			     DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY | DISK_PITER_REVERSE);
+	while ((part = disk_part_iter_next(&piter))) {
+		invalidate_partition(disk, part->partno);
+		delete_partition(part);
+	}
+	disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
+
+	invalidate_partition(disk, 0);
+	set_capacity(disk, 0);
+	disk->flags &= ~GENHD_FL_UP;
+	up_write(&disk->lookup_sem);
+
+	if (!(disk->flags & GENHD_FL_HIDDEN))
+		sysfs_remove_link(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj, "bdi");
+	if (disk->queue) {
+		/*
+		 * Unregister bdi before releasing device numbers (as they can
+		 * get reused and we'd get clashes in sysfs).
+		 */
+		if (!(disk->flags & GENHD_FL_HIDDEN))
+			bdi_unregister(disk->queue->backing_dev_info);
+		blk_unregister_queue(disk);
+	} else {
+		WARN_ON(1);
+	}
+
+	if (!(disk->flags & GENHD_FL_HIDDEN))
+		blk_unregister_region(disk_devt(disk), disk->minors);
+	/*
+	 * Remove gendisk pointer from idr so that it cannot be looked up
+	 * while RCU period before freeing gendisk is running to prevent
+	 * use-after-free issues. Note that the device number stays
+	 * "in-use" until we really free the gendisk.
+	 */
+	blk_invalidate_devt(disk_devt(disk));
+
+	kobject_put(disk->part0.holder_dir);
+	kobject_put(disk->slave_dir);
+
+	part_stat_set_all(&disk->part0, 0);
+	disk->part0.stamp = 0;
+	if (!sysfs_deprecated)
+		sysfs_remove_link(block_depr, dev_name(disk_to_dev(disk)));
+	pm_runtime_set_memalloc_noio(disk_to_dev(disk), false);
+	device_del(disk_to_dev(disk));
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(del_gendisk);
+
+/* sysfs access to bad-blocks list. */
+static ssize_t disk_badblocks_show(struct device *dev,
+					struct device_attribute *attr,
+					char *page)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	if (!disk->bb)
+		return sprintf(page, "\n");
+
+	return badblocks_show(disk->bb, page, 0);
+}
+
+static ssize_t disk_badblocks_store(struct device *dev,
+					struct device_attribute *attr,
+					const char *page, size_t len)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	if (!disk->bb)
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	return badblocks_store(disk->bb, page, len, 0);
+}
+
+/**
+ * get_gendisk - get partitioning information for a given device
+ * @devt: device to get partitioning information for
+ * @partno: returned partition index
+ *
+ * This function gets the structure containing partitioning
+ * information for the given device @devt.
+ *
+ * Context: can sleep
+ */
+struct gendisk *get_gendisk(dev_t devt, int *partno)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = NULL;
+
+	might_sleep();
+
+	if (MAJOR(devt) != BLOCK_EXT_MAJOR) {
+		struct kobject *kobj;
+
+		kobj = kobj_lookup(bdev_map, devt, partno);
+		if (kobj)
+			disk = dev_to_disk(kobj_to_dev(kobj));
+	} else {
+		struct hd_struct *part;
+
+		spin_lock_bh(&ext_devt_lock);
+		part = idr_find(&ext_devt_idr, blk_mangle_minor(MINOR(devt)));
+		if (part && get_disk_and_module(part_to_disk(part))) {
+			*partno = part->partno;
+			disk = part_to_disk(part);
+		}
+		spin_unlock_bh(&ext_devt_lock);
+	}
+
+	if (!disk)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Synchronize with del_gendisk() to not return disk that is being
+	 * destroyed.
+	 */
+	down_read(&disk->lookup_sem);
+	if (unlikely((disk->flags & GENHD_FL_HIDDEN) ||
+		     !(disk->flags & GENHD_FL_UP))) {
+		up_read(&disk->lookup_sem);
+		put_disk_and_module(disk);
+		disk = NULL;
+	} else {
+		up_read(&disk->lookup_sem);
+	}
+	return disk;
+}
+
+/**
+ * bdget_disk - do bdget() by gendisk and partition number
+ * @disk: gendisk of interest
+ * @partno: partition number
+ *
+ * Find partition @partno from @disk, do bdget() on it.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Don't care.
+ *
+ * RETURNS:
+ * Resulting block_device on success, NULL on failure.
+ */
+struct block_device *bdget_disk(struct gendisk *disk, int partno)
+{
+	struct hd_struct *part;
+	struct block_device *bdev = NULL;
+
+	part = disk_get_part(disk, partno);
+	if (part)
+		bdev = bdget_part(part);
+	disk_put_part(part);
+
+	return bdev;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdget_disk);
+
+/*
+ * print a full list of all partitions - intended for places where the root
+ * filesystem can't be mounted and thus to give the victim some idea of what
+ * went wrong
+ */
+void __init printk_all_partitions(void)
+{
+	struct class_dev_iter iter;
+	struct device *dev;
+
+	class_dev_iter_init(&iter, &block_class, NULL, &disk_type);
+	while ((dev = class_dev_iter_next(&iter))) {
+		struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+		struct disk_part_iter piter;
+		struct hd_struct *part;
+		char name_buf[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+		char devt_buf[BDEVT_SIZE];
+
+		/*
+		 * Don't show empty devices or things that have been
+		 * suppressed
+		 */
+		if (get_capacity(disk) == 0 ||
+		    (disk->flags & GENHD_FL_SUPPRESS_PARTITION_INFO))
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * Note, unlike /proc/partitions, I am showing the
+		 * numbers in hex - the same format as the root=
+		 * option takes.
+		 */
+		disk_part_iter_init(&piter, disk, DISK_PITER_INCL_PART0);
+		while ((part = disk_part_iter_next(&piter))) {
+			bool is_part0 = part == &disk->part0;
+
+			printk("%s%s %10llu %s %s", is_part0 ? "" : "  ",
+			       bdevt_str(part_devt(part), devt_buf),
+			       (unsigned long long)part_nr_sects_read(part) >> 1
+			       , disk_name(disk, part->partno, name_buf),
+			       part->info ? part->info->uuid : "");
+			if (is_part0) {
+				if (dev->parent && dev->parent->driver)
+					printk(" driver: %s\n",
+					      dev->parent->driver->name);
+				else
+					printk(" (driver?)\n");
+			} else
+				printk("\n");
+		}
+		disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
+	}
+	class_dev_iter_exit(&iter);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
+/* iterator */
+static void *disk_seqf_start(struct seq_file *seqf, loff_t *pos)
+{
+	loff_t skip = *pos;
+	struct class_dev_iter *iter;
+	struct device *dev;
+
+	iter = kmalloc(sizeof(*iter), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!iter)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	seqf->private = iter;
+	class_dev_iter_init(iter, &block_class, NULL, &disk_type);
+	do {
+		dev = class_dev_iter_next(iter);
+		if (!dev)
+			return NULL;
+	} while (skip--);
+
+	return dev_to_disk(dev);
+}
+
+static void *disk_seqf_next(struct seq_file *seqf, void *v, loff_t *pos)
+{
+	struct device *dev;
+
+	(*pos)++;
+	dev = class_dev_iter_next(seqf->private);
+	if (dev)
+		return dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void disk_seqf_stop(struct seq_file *seqf, void *v)
+{
+	struct class_dev_iter *iter = seqf->private;
+
+	/* stop is called even after start failed :-( */
+	if (iter) {
+		class_dev_iter_exit(iter);
+		kfree(iter);
+		seqf->private = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static void *show_partition_start(struct seq_file *seqf, loff_t *pos)
+{
+	void *p;
+
+	p = disk_seqf_start(seqf, pos);
+	if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(p) && !*pos)
+		seq_puts(seqf, "major minor  #blocks  name\n\n");
+	return p;
+}
+
+static int show_partition(struct seq_file *seqf, void *v)
+{
+	struct gendisk *sgp = v;
+	struct disk_part_iter piter;
+	struct hd_struct *part;
+	char buf[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+
+	/* Don't show non-partitionable removeable devices or empty devices */
+	if (!get_capacity(sgp) || (!disk_max_parts(sgp) &&
+				   (sgp->flags & GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE)))
+		return 0;
+	if (sgp->flags & GENHD_FL_SUPPRESS_PARTITION_INFO)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* show the full disk and all non-0 size partitions of it */
+	disk_part_iter_init(&piter, sgp, DISK_PITER_INCL_PART0);
+	while ((part = disk_part_iter_next(&piter)))
+		seq_printf(seqf, "%4d  %7d %10llu %s\n",
+			   MAJOR(part_devt(part)), MINOR(part_devt(part)),
+			   (unsigned long long)part_nr_sects_read(part) >> 1,
+			   disk_name(sgp, part->partno, buf));
+	disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct seq_operations partitions_op = {
+	.start	= show_partition_start,
+	.next	= disk_seqf_next,
+	.stop	= disk_seqf_stop,
+	.show	= show_partition
+};
+#endif
+
+
+static struct kobject *base_probe(dev_t devt, int *partno, void *data)
+{
+	if (request_module("block-major-%d-%d", MAJOR(devt), MINOR(devt)) > 0)
+		/* Make old-style 2.4 aliases work */
+		request_module("block-major-%d", MAJOR(devt));
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static int __init genhd_device_init(void)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	block_class.dev_kobj = sysfs_dev_block_kobj;
+	error = class_register(&block_class);
+	if (unlikely(error))
+		return error;
+	bdev_map = kobj_map_init(base_probe, &block_class_lock);
+	blk_dev_init();
+
+	register_blkdev(BLOCK_EXT_MAJOR, "blkext");
+
+	/* create top-level block dir */
+	if (!sysfs_deprecated)
+		block_depr = kobject_create_and_add("block", NULL);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+subsys_initcall(genhd_device_init);
+
+static ssize_t disk_range_show(struct device *dev,
+			       struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", disk->minors);
+}
+
+static ssize_t disk_ext_range_show(struct device *dev,
+				   struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", disk_max_parts(disk));
+}
+
+static ssize_t disk_removable_show(struct device *dev,
+				   struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n",
+		       (disk->flags & GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE ? 1 : 0));
+}
+
+static ssize_t disk_hidden_show(struct device *dev,
+				   struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n",
+		       (disk->flags & GENHD_FL_HIDDEN ? 1 : 0));
+}
+
+static ssize_t disk_ro_show(struct device *dev,
+				   struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", get_disk_ro(disk) ? 1 : 0);
+}
+
+ssize_t part_size_show(struct device *dev,
+		       struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+	struct hd_struct *p = dev_to_part(dev);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%llu\n",
+		(unsigned long long)part_nr_sects_read(p));
+}
+
+ssize_t part_stat_show(struct device *dev,
+		       struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+	struct hd_struct *p = dev_to_part(dev);
+	struct request_queue *q = part_to_disk(p)->queue;
+	struct disk_stats stat;
+	unsigned int inflight;
+
+	part_stat_read_all(p, &stat);
+	if (queue_is_mq(q))
+		inflight = blk_mq_in_flight(q, p);
+	else
+		inflight = part_in_flight(p);
+
+	return sprintf(buf,
+		"%8lu %8lu %8llu %8u "
+		"%8lu %8lu %8llu %8u "
+		"%8u %8u %8u "
+		"%8lu %8lu %8llu %8u "
+		"%8lu %8u"
+		"\n",
+		stat.ios[STAT_READ],
+		stat.merges[STAT_READ],
+		(unsigned long long)stat.sectors[STAT_READ],
+		(unsigned int)div_u64(stat.nsecs[STAT_READ], NSEC_PER_MSEC),
+		stat.ios[STAT_WRITE],
+		stat.merges[STAT_WRITE],
+		(unsigned long long)stat.sectors[STAT_WRITE],
+		(unsigned int)div_u64(stat.nsecs[STAT_WRITE], NSEC_PER_MSEC),
+		inflight,
+		jiffies_to_msecs(stat.io_ticks),
+		(unsigned int)div_u64(stat.nsecs[STAT_READ] +
+				      stat.nsecs[STAT_WRITE] +
+				      stat.nsecs[STAT_DISCARD] +
+				      stat.nsecs[STAT_FLUSH],
+						NSEC_PER_MSEC),
+		stat.ios[STAT_DISCARD],
+		stat.merges[STAT_DISCARD],
+		(unsigned long long)stat.sectors[STAT_DISCARD],
+		(unsigned int)div_u64(stat.nsecs[STAT_DISCARD], NSEC_PER_MSEC),
+		stat.ios[STAT_FLUSH],
+		(unsigned int)div_u64(stat.nsecs[STAT_FLUSH], NSEC_PER_MSEC));
+}
+
+ssize_t part_inflight_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
+			   char *buf)
+{
+	struct hd_struct *p = dev_to_part(dev);
+	struct request_queue *q = part_to_disk(p)->queue;
+	unsigned int inflight[2];
+
+	if (queue_is_mq(q))
+		blk_mq_in_flight_rw(q, p, inflight);
+	else
+		part_in_flight_rw(p, inflight);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%8u %8u\n", inflight[0], inflight[1]);
+}
+
+static ssize_t disk_capability_show(struct device *dev,
+				    struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%x\n", disk->flags);
+}
+
+static ssize_t disk_alignment_offset_show(struct device *dev,
+					  struct device_attribute *attr,
+					  char *buf)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", queue_alignment_offset(disk->queue));
+}
+
+static ssize_t disk_discard_alignment_show(struct device *dev,
+					   struct device_attribute *attr,
+					   char *buf)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", queue_discard_alignment(disk->queue));
+}
+
+static DEVICE_ATTR(range, 0444, disk_range_show, NULL);
+static DEVICE_ATTR(ext_range, 0444, disk_ext_range_show, NULL);
+static DEVICE_ATTR(removable, 0444, disk_removable_show, NULL);
+static DEVICE_ATTR(hidden, 0444, disk_hidden_show, NULL);
+static DEVICE_ATTR(ro, 0444, disk_ro_show, NULL);
+static DEVICE_ATTR(size, 0444, part_size_show, NULL);
+static DEVICE_ATTR(alignment_offset, 0444, disk_alignment_offset_show, NULL);
+static DEVICE_ATTR(discard_alignment, 0444, disk_discard_alignment_show, NULL);
+static DEVICE_ATTR(capability, 0444, disk_capability_show, NULL);
+static DEVICE_ATTR(stat, 0444, part_stat_show, NULL);
+static DEVICE_ATTR(inflight, 0444, part_inflight_show, NULL);
+static DEVICE_ATTR(badblocks, 0644, disk_badblocks_show, disk_badblocks_store);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_FAIL_MAKE_REQUEST
+ssize_t part_fail_show(struct device *dev,
+		       struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+	struct hd_struct *p = dev_to_part(dev);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", p->make_it_fail);
+}
+
+ssize_t part_fail_store(struct device *dev,
+			struct device_attribute *attr,
+			const char *buf, size_t count)
+{
+	struct hd_struct *p = dev_to_part(dev);
+	int i;
+
+	if (count > 0 && sscanf(buf, "%d", &i) > 0)
+		p->make_it_fail = (i == 0) ? 0 : 1;
+
+	return count;
+}
+
+static struct device_attribute dev_attr_fail =
+	__ATTR(make-it-fail, 0644, part_fail_show, part_fail_store);
+#endif /* CONFIG_FAIL_MAKE_REQUEST */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_FAIL_IO_TIMEOUT
+static struct device_attribute dev_attr_fail_timeout =
+	__ATTR(io-timeout-fail, 0644, part_timeout_show, part_timeout_store);
+#endif
+
+static struct attribute *disk_attrs[] = {
+	&dev_attr_range.attr,
+	&dev_attr_ext_range.attr,
+	&dev_attr_removable.attr,
+	&dev_attr_hidden.attr,
+	&dev_attr_ro.attr,
+	&dev_attr_size.attr,
+	&dev_attr_alignment_offset.attr,
+	&dev_attr_discard_alignment.attr,
+	&dev_attr_capability.attr,
+	&dev_attr_stat.attr,
+	&dev_attr_inflight.attr,
+	&dev_attr_badblocks.attr,
+#ifdef CONFIG_FAIL_MAKE_REQUEST
+	&dev_attr_fail.attr,
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_FAIL_IO_TIMEOUT
+	&dev_attr_fail_timeout.attr,
+#endif
+	NULL
+};
+
+static umode_t disk_visible(struct kobject *kobj, struct attribute *a, int n)
+{
+	struct device *dev = container_of(kobj, typeof(*dev), kobj);
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	if (a == &dev_attr_badblocks.attr && !disk->bb)
+		return 0;
+	return a->mode;
+}
+
+static struct attribute_group disk_attr_group = {
+	.attrs = disk_attrs,
+	.is_visible = disk_visible,
+};
+
+static const struct attribute_group *disk_attr_groups[] = {
+	&disk_attr_group,
+	NULL
+};
+
+/**
+ * disk_replace_part_tbl - replace disk->part_tbl in RCU-safe way
+ * @disk: disk to replace part_tbl for
+ * @new_ptbl: new part_tbl to install
+ *
+ * Replace disk->part_tbl with @new_ptbl in RCU-safe way.  The
+ * original ptbl is freed using RCU callback.
+ *
+ * LOCKING:
+ * Matching bd_mutex locked or the caller is the only user of @disk.
+ */
+static void disk_replace_part_tbl(struct gendisk *disk,
+				  struct disk_part_tbl *new_ptbl)
+{
+	struct disk_part_tbl *old_ptbl =
+		rcu_dereference_protected(disk->part_tbl, 1);
+
+	rcu_assign_pointer(disk->part_tbl, new_ptbl);
+
+	if (old_ptbl) {
+		rcu_assign_pointer(old_ptbl->last_lookup, NULL);
+		kfree_rcu(old_ptbl, rcu_head);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * disk_expand_part_tbl - expand disk->part_tbl
+ * @disk: disk to expand part_tbl for
+ * @partno: expand such that this partno can fit in
+ *
+ * Expand disk->part_tbl such that @partno can fit in.  disk->part_tbl
+ * uses RCU to allow unlocked dereferencing for stats and other stuff.
+ *
+ * LOCKING:
+ * Matching bd_mutex locked or the caller is the only user of @disk.
+ * Might sleep.
+ *
+ * RETURNS:
+ * 0 on success, -errno on failure.
+ */
+int disk_expand_part_tbl(struct gendisk *disk, int partno)
+{
+	struct disk_part_tbl *old_ptbl =
+		rcu_dereference_protected(disk->part_tbl, 1);
+	struct disk_part_tbl *new_ptbl;
+	int len = old_ptbl ? old_ptbl->len : 0;
+	int i, target;
+
+	/*
+	 * check for int overflow, since we can get here from blkpg_ioctl()
+	 * with a user passed 'partno'.
+	 */
+	target = partno + 1;
+	if (target < 0)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/* disk_max_parts() is zero during initialization, ignore if so */
+	if (disk_max_parts(disk) && target > disk_max_parts(disk))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (target <= len)
+		return 0;
+
+	new_ptbl = kzalloc_node(struct_size(new_ptbl, part, target), GFP_KERNEL,
+				disk->node_id);
+	if (!new_ptbl)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	new_ptbl->len = target;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+		rcu_assign_pointer(new_ptbl->part[i], old_ptbl->part[i]);
+
+	disk_replace_part_tbl(disk, new_ptbl);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * disk_release - releases all allocated resources of the gendisk
+ * @dev: the device representing this disk
+ *
+ * This function releases all allocated resources of the gendisk.
+ *
+ * The struct gendisk refcount is incremented with get_gendisk() or
+ * get_disk_and_module(), and its refcount is decremented with
+ * put_disk_and_module() or put_disk(). Once the refcount reaches 0 this
+ * function is called.
+ *
+ * Drivers which used __device_add_disk() have a gendisk with a request_queue
+ * assigned. Since the request_queue sits on top of the gendisk for these
+ * drivers we also call blk_put_queue() for them, and we expect the
+ * request_queue refcount to reach 0 at this point, and so the request_queue
+ * will also be freed prior to the disk.
+ *
+ * Context: can sleep
+ */
+static void disk_release(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	might_sleep();
+
+	blk_free_devt(dev->devt);
+	disk_release_events(disk);
+	kfree(disk->random);
+	disk_replace_part_tbl(disk, NULL);
+	hd_free_part(&disk->part0);
+	if (disk->queue)
+		blk_put_queue(disk->queue);
+	kfree(disk);
+}
+struct class block_class = {
+	.name		= "block",
+};
+
+static char *block_devnode(struct device *dev, umode_t *mode,
+			   kuid_t *uid, kgid_t *gid)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	if (disk->fops->devnode)
+		return disk->fops->devnode(disk, mode);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+const struct device_type disk_type = {
+	.name		= "disk",
+	.groups		= disk_attr_groups,
+	.release	= disk_release,
+	.devnode	= block_devnode,
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
+/*
+ * aggregate disk stat collector.  Uses the same stats that the sysfs
+ * entries do, above, but makes them available through one seq_file.
+ *
+ * The output looks suspiciously like /proc/partitions with a bunch of
+ * extra fields.
+ */
+static int diskstats_show(struct seq_file *seqf, void *v)
+{
+	struct gendisk *gp = v;
+	struct disk_part_iter piter;
+	struct hd_struct *hd;
+	char buf[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+	unsigned int inflight;
+	struct disk_stats stat;
+
+	/*
+	if (&disk_to_dev(gp)->kobj.entry == block_class.devices.next)
+		seq_puts(seqf,	"major minor name"
+				"     rio rmerge rsect ruse wio wmerge "
+				"wsect wuse running use aveq"
+				"\n\n");
+	*/
+
+	disk_part_iter_init(&piter, gp, DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY_PART0);
+	while ((hd = disk_part_iter_next(&piter))) {
+		part_stat_read_all(hd, &stat);
+		if (queue_is_mq(gp->queue))
+			inflight = blk_mq_in_flight(gp->queue, hd);
+		else
+			inflight = part_in_flight(hd);
+
+		seq_printf(seqf, "%4d %7d %s "
+			   "%lu %lu %lu %u "
+			   "%lu %lu %lu %u "
+			   "%u %u %u "
+			   "%lu %lu %lu %u "
+			   "%lu %u"
+			   "\n",
+			   MAJOR(part_devt(hd)), MINOR(part_devt(hd)),
+			   disk_name(gp, hd->partno, buf),
+			   stat.ios[STAT_READ],
+			   stat.merges[STAT_READ],
+			   stat.sectors[STAT_READ],
+			   (unsigned int)div_u64(stat.nsecs[STAT_READ],
+							NSEC_PER_MSEC),
+			   stat.ios[STAT_WRITE],
+			   stat.merges[STAT_WRITE],
+			   stat.sectors[STAT_WRITE],
+			   (unsigned int)div_u64(stat.nsecs[STAT_WRITE],
+							NSEC_PER_MSEC),
+			   inflight,
+			   jiffies_to_msecs(stat.io_ticks),
+			   (unsigned int)div_u64(stat.nsecs[STAT_READ] +
+						 stat.nsecs[STAT_WRITE] +
+						 stat.nsecs[STAT_DISCARD] +
+						 stat.nsecs[STAT_FLUSH],
+							NSEC_PER_MSEC),
+			   stat.ios[STAT_DISCARD],
+			   stat.merges[STAT_DISCARD],
+			   stat.sectors[STAT_DISCARD],
+			   (unsigned int)div_u64(stat.nsecs[STAT_DISCARD],
+						 NSEC_PER_MSEC),
+			   stat.ios[STAT_FLUSH],
+			   (unsigned int)div_u64(stat.nsecs[STAT_FLUSH],
+						 NSEC_PER_MSEC)
+			);
+	}
+	disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct seq_operations diskstats_op = {
+	.start	= disk_seqf_start,
+	.next	= disk_seqf_next,
+	.stop	= disk_seqf_stop,
+	.show	= diskstats_show
+};
+
+static int __init proc_genhd_init(void)
+{
+	proc_create_seq("diskstats", 0, NULL, &diskstats_op);
+	proc_create_seq("partitions", 0, NULL, &partitions_op);
+	return 0;
+}
+module_init(proc_genhd_init);
+#endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */
+
+dev_t blk_lookup_devt(const char *name, int partno)
+{
+	dev_t devt = MKDEV(0, 0);
+	struct class_dev_iter iter;
+	struct device *dev;
+
+	class_dev_iter_init(&iter, &block_class, NULL, &disk_type);
+	while ((dev = class_dev_iter_next(&iter))) {
+		struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+		struct hd_struct *part;
+
+		if (strcmp(dev_name(dev), name))
+			continue;
+
+		if (partno < disk->minors) {
+			/* We need to return the right devno, even
+			 * if the partition doesn't exist yet.
+			 */
+			devt = MKDEV(MAJOR(dev->devt),
+				     MINOR(dev->devt) + partno);
+			break;
+		}
+		part = disk_get_part(disk, partno);
+		if (part) {
+			devt = part_devt(part);
+			disk_put_part(part);
+			break;
+		}
+		disk_put_part(part);
+	}
+	class_dev_iter_exit(&iter);
+	return devt;
+}
+
+struct gendisk *__alloc_disk_node(int minors, int node_id)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk;
+	struct disk_part_tbl *ptbl;
+
+	if (minors > DISK_MAX_PARTS) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR
+			"block: can't allocate more than %d partitions\n",
+			DISK_MAX_PARTS);
+		minors = DISK_MAX_PARTS;
+	}
+
+	disk = kzalloc_node(sizeof(struct gendisk), GFP_KERNEL, node_id);
+	if (!disk)
+		return NULL;
+
+	disk->part0.dkstats = alloc_percpu(struct disk_stats);
+	if (!disk->part0.dkstats)
+		goto out_free_disk;
+
+	init_rwsem(&disk->lookup_sem);
+	disk->node_id = node_id;
+	if (disk_expand_part_tbl(disk, 0)) {
+		free_percpu(disk->part0.dkstats);
+		goto out_free_disk;
+	}
+
+	ptbl = rcu_dereference_protected(disk->part_tbl, 1);
+	rcu_assign_pointer(ptbl->part[0], &disk->part0);
+
+	/*
+	 * set_capacity() and get_capacity() currently don't use
+	 * seqcounter to read/update the part0->nr_sects. Still init
+	 * the counter as we can read the sectors in IO submission
+	 * patch using seqence counters.
+	 *
+	 * TODO: Ideally set_capacity() and get_capacity() should be
+	 * converted to make use of bd_mutex and sequence counters.
+	 */
+	hd_sects_seq_init(&disk->part0);
+	if (hd_ref_init(&disk->part0))
+		goto out_free_part0;
+
+	disk->minors = minors;
+	rand_initialize_disk(disk);
+	disk_to_dev(disk)->class = &block_class;
+	disk_to_dev(disk)->type = &disk_type;
+	device_initialize(disk_to_dev(disk));
+	return disk;
+
+out_free_part0:
+	hd_free_part(&disk->part0);
+out_free_disk:
+	kfree(disk);
+	return NULL;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__alloc_disk_node);
+
+/**
+ * get_disk_and_module - increments the gendisk and gendisk fops module refcount
+ * @disk: the struct gendisk to increment the refcount for
+ *
+ * This increments the refcount for the struct gendisk, and the gendisk's
+ * fops module owner.
+ *
+ * Context: Any context.
+ */
+struct kobject *get_disk_and_module(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+	struct module *owner;
+	struct kobject *kobj;
+
+	if (!disk->fops)
+		return NULL;
+	owner = disk->fops->owner;
+	if (owner && !try_module_get(owner))
+		return NULL;
+	kobj = kobject_get_unless_zero(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj);
+	if (kobj == NULL) {
+		module_put(owner);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	return kobj;
+
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_disk_and_module);
+
+/**
+ * put_disk - decrements the gendisk refcount
+ * @disk: the struct gendisk to decrement the refcount for
+ *
+ * This decrements the refcount for the struct gendisk. When this reaches 0
+ * we'll have disk_release() called.
+ *
+ * Context: Any context, but the last reference must not be dropped from
+ *          atomic context.
+ */
+void put_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+	if (disk)
+		kobject_put(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(put_disk);
+
+/**
+ * put_disk_and_module - decrements the module and gendisk refcount
+ * @disk: the struct gendisk to decrement the refcount for
+ *
+ * This is a counterpart of get_disk_and_module() and thus also of
+ * get_gendisk().
+ *
+ * Context: Any context, but the last reference must not be dropped from
+ *          atomic context.
+ */
+void put_disk_and_module(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+	if (disk) {
+		struct module *owner = disk->fops->owner;
+
+		put_disk(disk);
+		module_put(owner);
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(put_disk_and_module);
+
+static void set_disk_ro_uevent(struct gendisk *gd, int ro)
+{
+	char event[] = "DISK_RO=1";
+	char *envp[] = { event, NULL };
+
+	if (!ro)
+		event[8] = '0';
+	kobject_uevent_env(&disk_to_dev(gd)->kobj, KOBJ_CHANGE, envp);
+}
+
+void set_device_ro(struct block_device *bdev, int flag)
+{
+	bdev->bd_part->policy = flag;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_device_ro);
+
+void set_disk_ro(struct gendisk *disk, int flag)
+{
+	struct disk_part_iter piter;
+	struct hd_struct *part;
+
+	if (disk->part0.policy != flag) {
+		set_disk_ro_uevent(disk, flag);
+		disk->part0.policy = flag;
+	}
+
+	disk_part_iter_init(&piter, disk, DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY);
+	while ((part = disk_part_iter_next(&piter)))
+		part->policy = flag;
+	disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_disk_ro);
+
+int bdev_read_only(struct block_device *bdev)
+{
+	if (!bdev)
+		return 0;
+	return bdev->bd_part->policy;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdev_read_only);
+
+/*
+ * Disk events - monitor disk events like media change and eject request.
+ */
+struct disk_events {
+	struct list_head	node;		/* all disk_event's */
+	struct gendisk		*disk;		/* the associated disk */
+	spinlock_t		lock;
+
+	struct mutex		block_mutex;	/* protects blocking */
+	int			block;		/* event blocking depth */
+	unsigned int		pending;	/* events already sent out */
+	unsigned int		clearing;	/* events being cleared */
+
+	long			poll_msecs;	/* interval, -1 for default */
+	struct delayed_work	dwork;
+};
+
+static const char *disk_events_strs[] = {
+	[ilog2(DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE)]	= "media_change",
+	[ilog2(DISK_EVENT_EJECT_REQUEST)]	= "eject_request",
+};
+
+static char *disk_uevents[] = {
+	[ilog2(DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE)]	= "DISK_MEDIA_CHANGE=1",
+	[ilog2(DISK_EVENT_EJECT_REQUEST)]	= "DISK_EJECT_REQUEST=1",
+};
+
+/* list of all disk_events */
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(disk_events_mutex);
+static LIST_HEAD(disk_events);
+
+/* disable in-kernel polling by default */
+static unsigned long disk_events_dfl_poll_msecs;
+
+static unsigned long disk_events_poll_jiffies(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+	struct disk_events *ev = disk->ev;
+	long intv_msecs = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * If device-specific poll interval is set, always use it.  If
+	 * the default is being used, poll if the POLL flag is set.
+	 */
+	if (ev->poll_msecs >= 0)
+		intv_msecs = ev->poll_msecs;
+	else if (disk->event_flags & DISK_EVENT_FLAG_POLL)
+		intv_msecs = disk_events_dfl_poll_msecs;
+
+	return msecs_to_jiffies(intv_msecs);
+}
+
+/**
+ * disk_block_events - block and flush disk event checking
+ * @disk: disk to block events for
+ *
+ * On return from this function, it is guaranteed that event checking
+ * isn't in progress and won't happen until unblocked by
+ * disk_unblock_events().  Events blocking is counted and the actual
+ * unblocking happens after the matching number of unblocks are done.
+ *
+ * Note that this intentionally does not block event checking from
+ * disk_clear_events().
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Might sleep.
+ */
+void disk_block_events(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+	struct disk_events *ev = disk->ev;
+	unsigned long flags;
+	bool cancel;
+
+	if (!ev)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * Outer mutex ensures that the first blocker completes canceling
+	 * the event work before further blockers are allowed to finish.
+	 */
+	mutex_lock(&ev->block_mutex);
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&ev->lock, flags);
+	cancel = !ev->block++;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ev->lock, flags);
+
+	if (cancel)
+		cancel_delayed_work_sync(&disk->ev->dwork);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&ev->block_mutex);
+}
+
+static void __disk_unblock_events(struct gendisk *disk, bool check_now)
+{
+	struct disk_events *ev = disk->ev;
+	unsigned long intv;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&ev->lock, flags);
+
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ev->block <= 0))
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	if (--ev->block)
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	intv = disk_events_poll_jiffies(disk);
+	if (check_now)
+		queue_delayed_work(system_freezable_power_efficient_wq,
+				&ev->dwork, 0);
+	else if (intv)
+		queue_delayed_work(system_freezable_power_efficient_wq,
+				&ev->dwork, intv);
+out_unlock:
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ev->lock, flags);
+}
+
+/**
+ * disk_unblock_events - unblock disk event checking
+ * @disk: disk to unblock events for
+ *
+ * Undo disk_block_events().  When the block count reaches zero, it
+ * starts events polling if configured.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Don't care.  Safe to call from irq context.
+ */
+void disk_unblock_events(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+	if (disk->ev)
+		__disk_unblock_events(disk, false);
+}
+
+/**
+ * disk_flush_events - schedule immediate event checking and flushing
+ * @disk: disk to check and flush events for
+ * @mask: events to flush
+ *
+ * Schedule immediate event checking on @disk if not blocked.  Events in
+ * @mask are scheduled to be cleared from the driver.  Note that this
+ * doesn't clear the events from @disk->ev.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * If @mask is non-zero must be called with bdev->bd_mutex held.
+ */
+void disk_flush_events(struct gendisk *disk, unsigned int mask)
+{
+	struct disk_events *ev = disk->ev;
+
+	if (!ev)
+		return;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&ev->lock);
+	ev->clearing |= mask;
+	if (!ev->block)
+		mod_delayed_work(system_freezable_power_efficient_wq,
+				&ev->dwork, 0);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&ev->lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * disk_clear_events - synchronously check, clear and return pending events
+ * @disk: disk to fetch and clear events from
+ * @mask: mask of events to be fetched and cleared
+ *
+ * Disk events are synchronously checked and pending events in @mask
+ * are cleared and returned.  This ignores the block count.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Might sleep.
+ */
+static unsigned int disk_clear_events(struct gendisk *disk, unsigned int mask)
+{
+	struct disk_events *ev = disk->ev;
+	unsigned int pending;
+	unsigned int clearing = mask;
+
+	if (!ev)
+		return 0;
+
+	disk_block_events(disk);
+
+	/*
+	 * store the union of mask and ev->clearing on the stack so that the
+	 * race with disk_flush_events does not cause ambiguity (ev->clearing
+	 * can still be modified even if events are blocked).
+	 */
+	spin_lock_irq(&ev->lock);
+	clearing |= ev->clearing;
+	ev->clearing = 0;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&ev->lock);
+
+	disk_check_events(ev, &clearing);
+	/*
+	 * if ev->clearing is not 0, the disk_flush_events got called in the
+	 * middle of this function, so we want to run the workfn without delay.
+	 */
+	__disk_unblock_events(disk, ev->clearing ? true : false);
+
+	/* then, fetch and clear pending events */
+	spin_lock_irq(&ev->lock);
+	pending = ev->pending & mask;
+	ev->pending &= ~mask;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&ev->lock);
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(clearing & mask);
+
+	return pending;
+}
+
+/**
+ * bdev_check_media_change - check if a removable media has been changed
+ * @bdev: block device to check
+ *
+ * Check whether a removable media has been changed, and attempt to free all
+ * dentries and inodes and invalidates all block device page cache entries in
+ * that case.
+ *
+ * Returns %true if the block device changed, or %false if not.
+ */
+bool bdev_check_media_change(struct block_device *bdev)
+{
+	unsigned int events;
+
+	events = disk_clear_events(bdev->bd_disk, DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE |
+				   DISK_EVENT_EJECT_REQUEST);
+	if (!(events & DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE))
+		return false;
+
+	if (__invalidate_device(bdev, true))
+		pr_warn("VFS: busy inodes on changed media %s\n",
+			bdev->bd_disk->disk_name);
+	set_bit(GD_NEED_PART_SCAN, &bdev->bd_disk->state);
+	return true;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdev_check_media_change);
+
+/*
+ * Separate this part out so that a different pointer for clearing_ptr can be
+ * passed in for disk_clear_events.
+ */
+static void disk_events_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct delayed_work *dwork = to_delayed_work(work);
+	struct disk_events *ev = container_of(dwork, struct disk_events, dwork);
+
+	disk_check_events(ev, &ev->clearing);
+}
+
+static void disk_check_events(struct disk_events *ev,
+			      unsigned int *clearing_ptr)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = ev->disk;
+	char *envp[ARRAY_SIZE(disk_uevents) + 1] = { };
+	unsigned int clearing = *clearing_ptr;
+	unsigned int events;
+	unsigned long intv;
+	int nr_events = 0, i;
+
+	/* check events */
+	events = disk->fops->check_events(disk, clearing);
+
+	/* accumulate pending events and schedule next poll if necessary */
+	spin_lock_irq(&ev->lock);
+
+	events &= ~ev->pending;
+	ev->pending |= events;
+	*clearing_ptr &= ~clearing;
+
+	intv = disk_events_poll_jiffies(disk);
+	if (!ev->block && intv)
+		queue_delayed_work(system_freezable_power_efficient_wq,
+				&ev->dwork, intv);
+
+	spin_unlock_irq(&ev->lock);
+
+	/*
+	 * Tell userland about new events.  Only the events listed in
+	 * @disk->events are reported, and only if DISK_EVENT_FLAG_UEVENT
+	 * is set. Otherwise, events are processed internally but never
+	 * get reported to userland.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(disk_uevents); i++)
+		if ((events & disk->events & (1 << i)) &&
+		    (disk->event_flags & DISK_EVENT_FLAG_UEVENT))
+			envp[nr_events++] = disk_uevents[i];
+
+	if (nr_events)
+		kobject_uevent_env(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj, KOBJ_CHANGE, envp);
+}
+
+/*
+ * A disk events enabled device has the following sysfs nodes under
+ * its /sys/block/X/ directory.
+ *
+ * events		: list of all supported events
+ * events_async		: list of events which can be detected w/o polling
+ *			  (always empty, only for backwards compatibility)
+ * events_poll_msecs	: polling interval, 0: disable, -1: system default
+ */
+static ssize_t __disk_events_show(unsigned int events, char *buf)
+{
+	const char *delim = "";
+	ssize_t pos = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(disk_events_strs); i++)
+		if (events & (1 << i)) {
+			pos += sprintf(buf + pos, "%s%s",
+				       delim, disk_events_strs[i]);
+			delim = " ";
+		}
+	if (pos)
+		pos += sprintf(buf + pos, "\n");
+	return pos;
+}
+
+static ssize_t disk_events_show(struct device *dev,
+				struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	if (!(disk->event_flags & DISK_EVENT_FLAG_UEVENT))
+		return 0;
+
+	return __disk_events_show(disk->events, buf);
+}
+
+static ssize_t disk_events_async_show(struct device *dev,
+				      struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static ssize_t disk_events_poll_msecs_show(struct device *dev,
+					   struct device_attribute *attr,
+					   char *buf)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+	if (!disk->ev)
+		return sprintf(buf, "-1\n");
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%ld\n", disk->ev->poll_msecs);
+}
+
+static ssize_t disk_events_poll_msecs_store(struct device *dev,
+					    struct device_attribute *attr,
+					    const char *buf, size_t count)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+	long intv;
+
+	if (!count || !sscanf(buf, "%ld", &intv))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (intv < 0 && intv != -1)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (!disk->ev)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	disk_block_events(disk);
+	disk->ev->poll_msecs = intv;
+	__disk_unblock_events(disk, true);
+
+	return count;
+}
+
+static const DEVICE_ATTR(events, 0444, disk_events_show, NULL);
+static const DEVICE_ATTR(events_async, 0444, disk_events_async_show, NULL);
+static const DEVICE_ATTR(events_poll_msecs, 0644,
+			 disk_events_poll_msecs_show,
+			 disk_events_poll_msecs_store);
+
+static const struct attribute *disk_events_attrs[] = {
+	&dev_attr_events.attr,
+	&dev_attr_events_async.attr,
+	&dev_attr_events_poll_msecs.attr,
+	NULL,
+};
+
+/*
+ * The default polling interval can be specified by the kernel
+ * parameter block.events_dfl_poll_msecs which defaults to 0
+ * (disable).  This can also be modified runtime by writing to
+ * /sys/module/block/parameters/events_dfl_poll_msecs.
+ */
+static int disk_events_set_dfl_poll_msecs(const char *val,
+					  const struct kernel_param *kp)
+{
+	struct disk_events *ev;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = param_set_ulong(val, kp);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	mutex_lock(&disk_events_mutex);
+
+	list_for_each_entry(ev, &disk_events, node)
+		disk_flush_events(ev->disk, 0);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&disk_events_mutex);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct kernel_param_ops disk_events_dfl_poll_msecs_param_ops = {
+	.set	= disk_events_set_dfl_poll_msecs,
+	.get	= param_get_ulong,
+};
+
+#undef MODULE_PARAM_PREFIX
+#define MODULE_PARAM_PREFIX	"block."
+
+module_param_cb(events_dfl_poll_msecs, &disk_events_dfl_poll_msecs_param_ops,
+		&disk_events_dfl_poll_msecs, 0644);
+
+/*
+ * disk_{alloc|add|del|release}_events - initialize and destroy disk_events.
+ */
+static void disk_alloc_events(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+	struct disk_events *ev;
+
+	if (!disk->fops->check_events || !disk->events)
+		return;
+
+	ev = kzalloc(sizeof(*ev), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!ev) {
+		pr_warn("%s: failed to initialize events\n", disk->disk_name);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ev->node);
+	ev->disk = disk;
+	spin_lock_init(&ev->lock);
+	mutex_init(&ev->block_mutex);
+	ev->block = 1;
+	ev->poll_msecs = -1;
+	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&ev->dwork, disk_events_workfn);
+
+	disk->ev = ev;
+}
+
+static void disk_add_events(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+	/* FIXME: error handling */
+	if (sysfs_create_files(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj, disk_events_attrs) < 0)
+		pr_warn("%s: failed to create sysfs files for events\n",
+			disk->disk_name);
+
+	if (!disk->ev)
+		return;
+
+	mutex_lock(&disk_events_mutex);
+	list_add_tail(&disk->ev->node, &disk_events);
+	mutex_unlock(&disk_events_mutex);
+
+	/*
+	 * Block count is initialized to 1 and the following initial
+	 * unblock kicks it into action.
+	 */
+	__disk_unblock_events(disk, true);
+}
+
+static void disk_del_events(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+	if (disk->ev) {
+		disk_block_events(disk);
+
+		mutex_lock(&disk_events_mutex);
+		list_del_init(&disk->ev->node);
+		mutex_unlock(&disk_events_mutex);
+	}
+
+	sysfs_remove_files(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj, disk_events_attrs);
+}
+
+static void disk_release_events(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+	/* the block count should be 1 from disk_del_events() */
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(disk->ev && disk->ev->block != 1);
+	kfree(disk->ev);
+}