Adding upstream version 86.0.1.upstream/86.0.1upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 2371 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/js/src/tests/test262/intl402/shell.js b/js/src/tests/test262/intl402/shell.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..410d6516d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/js/src/tests/test262/intl402/shell.js
@@ -0,0 +1,2371 @@
+// GENERATED, DO NOT EDIT
+// file: testIntl.js
+// Copyright (C) 2011 2012 Norbert Lindenberg. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright (C) 2012 2013 Mozilla Corporation. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright (C) 2020 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
+// This code is governed by the BSD license found in the LICENSE file.
+/*---
+description: |
+    This file contains shared functions for the tests in the conformance test
+    suite for the ECMAScript Internationalization API.
+author: Norbert Lindenberg
+defines:
+  - testWithIntlConstructors
+  - taintDataProperty
+  - taintMethod
+  - taintProperties
+  - taintArray
+  - getLocaleSupportInfo
+  - getInvalidLanguageTags
+  - isCanonicalizedStructurallyValidLanguageTag
+  - getInvalidLocaleArguments
+  - testOption
+  - testForUnwantedRegExpChanges
+  - isValidNumberingSystem
+  - testNumberFormat
+  - getDateTimeComponents
+  - getDateTimeComponentValues
+  - isCanonicalizedStructurallyValidTimeZoneName
+---*/
+/**
+ */
+
+
+/**
+ * @description Calls the provided function for every service constructor in
+ * the Intl object.
+ * @param {Function} f the function to call for each service constructor in
+ *   the Intl object.
+ *   @param {Function} Constructor the constructor object to test with.
+ */
+function testWithIntlConstructors(f) {
+  var constructors = ["Collator", "NumberFormat", "DateTimeFormat"];
+
+  // Optionally supported Intl constructors.
+  // NB: Intl.Locale isn't an Intl service constructor!
+  // Intl.DisplayNames cannot be called without type in options.
+  ["PluralRules", "RelativeTimeFormat", "ListFormat"].forEach(function(constructor) {
+    if (typeof Intl[constructor] === "function") {
+      constructors[constructors.length] = constructor;
+    }
+  });
+
+  constructors.forEach(function (constructor) {
+    var Constructor = Intl[constructor];
+    try {
+      f(Constructor);
+    } catch (e) {
+      e.message += " (Testing with " + constructor + ".)";
+      throw e;
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Taints a named data property of the given object by installing
+ * a setter that throws an exception.
+ * @param {object} obj the object whose data property to taint
+ * @param {string} property the property to taint
+ */
+function taintDataProperty(obj, property) {
+  Object.defineProperty(obj, property, {
+    set: function(value) {
+      $ERROR("Client code can adversely affect behavior: setter for " + property + ".");
+    },
+    enumerable: false,
+    configurable: true
+  });
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Taints a named method of the given object by replacing it with a function
+ * that throws an exception.
+ * @param {object} obj the object whose method to taint
+ * @param {string} property the name of the method to taint
+ */
+function taintMethod(obj, property) {
+  Object.defineProperty(obj, property, {
+    value: function() {
+      $ERROR("Client code can adversely affect behavior: method " + property + ".");
+    },
+    writable: true,
+    enumerable: false,
+    configurable: true
+  });
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Taints the given properties (and similarly named properties) by installing
+ * setters on Object.prototype that throw exceptions.
+ * @param {Array} properties an array of property names to taint
+ */
+function taintProperties(properties) {
+  properties.forEach(function (property) {
+    var adaptedProperties = [property, "__" + property, "_" + property, property + "_", property + "__"];
+    adaptedProperties.forEach(function (property) {
+      taintDataProperty(Object.prototype, property);
+    });
+  });
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Taints the Array object by creating a setter for the property "0" and
+ * replacing some key methods with functions that throw exceptions.
+ */
+function taintArray() {
+  taintDataProperty(Array.prototype, "0");
+  taintMethod(Array.prototype, "indexOf");
+  taintMethod(Array.prototype, "join");
+  taintMethod(Array.prototype, "push");
+  taintMethod(Array.prototype, "slice");
+  taintMethod(Array.prototype, "sort");
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Gets locale support info for the given constructor object, which must be one
+ * of Intl constructors.
+ * @param {object} Constructor the constructor for which to get locale support info
+ * @return {object} locale support info with the following properties:
+ *   supported: array of fully supported language tags
+ *   byFallback: array of language tags that are supported through fallbacks
+ *   unsupported: array of unsupported language tags
+ */
+function getLocaleSupportInfo(Constructor) {
+  var languages = ["zh", "es", "en", "hi", "ur", "ar", "ja", "pa"];
+  var scripts = ["Latn", "Hans", "Deva", "Arab", "Jpan", "Hant", "Guru"];
+  var countries = ["CN", "IN", "US", "PK", "JP", "TW", "HK", "SG", "419"];
+
+  var allTags = [];
+  var i, j, k;
+  var language, script, country;
+  for (i = 0; i < languages.length; i++) {
+    language = languages[i];
+    allTags.push(language);
+    for (j = 0; j < scripts.length; j++) {
+      script = scripts[j];
+      allTags.push(language + "-" + script);
+      for (k = 0; k < countries.length; k++) {
+        country = countries[k];
+        allTags.push(language + "-" + script + "-" + country);
+      }
+    }
+    for (k = 0; k < countries.length; k++) {
+      country = countries[k];
+      allTags.push(language + "-" + country);
+    }
+  }
+
+  var supported = [];
+  var byFallback = [];
+  var unsupported = [];
+  for (i = 0; i < allTags.length; i++) {
+    var request = allTags[i];
+    var result = new Constructor([request], {localeMatcher: "lookup"}).resolvedOptions().locale;
+    if (request === result) {
+      supported.push(request);
+    } else if (request.indexOf(result) === 0) {
+      byFallback.push(request);
+    } else {
+      unsupported.push(request);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    supported: supported,
+    byFallback: byFallback,
+    unsupported: unsupported
+  };
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Returns an array of strings for which IsStructurallyValidLanguageTag() returns false
+ */
+function getInvalidLanguageTags() {
+  var invalidLanguageTags = [
+    "", // empty tag
+    "i", // singleton alone
+    "x", // private use without subtag
+    "u", // extension singleton in first place
+    "419", // region code in first place
+    "u-nu-latn-cu-bob", // extension sequence without language
+    "hans-cmn-cn", // "hans" could theoretically be a 4-letter language code,
+                   // but those can't be followed by extlang codes.
+    "cmn-hans-cn-u-u", // duplicate singleton
+    "cmn-hans-cn-t-u-ca-u", // duplicate singleton
+    "de-gregory-gregory", // duplicate variant
+    "*", // language range
+    "de-*", // language range
+    "中文", // non-ASCII letters
+    "en-ß", // non-ASCII letters
+    "ıd", // non-ASCII letters
+    "es-Latn-latn", // two scripts
+    "pl-PL-pl", // two regions
+    "u-ca-gregory", // extension in first place
+    "de-1996-1996", // duplicate numeric variant
+    "pt-u-ca-gregory-u-nu-latn", // duplicate singleton subtag
+
+    // Invalid tags starting with: https://github.com/tc39/ecma402/pull/289
+    "no-nyn", // regular grandfathered in BCP47, but invalid in UTS35
+    "i-klingon", // irregular grandfathered in BCP47, but invalid in UTS35
+    "zh-hak-CN", // language with extlang in BCP47, but invalid in UTS35
+    "sgn-ils", // language with extlang in BCP47, but invalid in UTS35
+    "x-foo", // privateuse-only in BCP47, but invalid in UTS35
+    "x-en-US-12345", // more privateuse-only variants.
+    "x-12345-12345-en-US",
+    "x-en-US-12345-12345",
+    "x-en-u-foo",
+    "x-en-u-foo-u-bar",
+    "x-u-foo",
+
+    // underscores in different parts of the language tag
+    "de_DE",
+    "DE_de",
+    "cmn_Hans",
+    "cmn-hans_cn",
+    "es_419",
+    "es-419-u-nu-latn-cu_bob",
+    "i_klingon",
+    "cmn-hans-cn-t-ca-u-ca-x_t-u",
+    "enochian_enochian",
+    "de-gregory_u-ca-gregory",
+
+    "en\u0000", // null-terminator sequence
+    " en", // leading whitespace
+    "en ", // trailing whitespace
+    "it-IT-Latn", // country before script tag
+    "de-u", // incomplete Unicode extension sequences
+    "de-u-",
+    "de-u-ca-",
+    "de-u-ca-gregory-",
+    "si-x", // incomplete private-use tags
+    "x-",
+    "x-y-",
+  ];
+
+  // make sure the data above is correct
+  for (var i = 0; i < invalidLanguageTags.length; ++i) {
+    var invalidTag = invalidLanguageTags[i];
+    assert(
+      !isCanonicalizedStructurallyValidLanguageTag(invalidTag),
+      "Test data \"" + invalidTag + "\" is a canonicalized and structurally valid language tag."
+    );
+  }
+
+  return invalidLanguageTags;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * @description Tests whether locale is a String value representing a
+ * structurally valid and canonicalized BCP 47 language tag, as defined in
+ * sections 6.2.2 and 6.2.3 of the ECMAScript Internationalization API
+ * Specification.
+ * @param {String} locale the string to be tested.
+ * @result {Boolean} whether the test succeeded.
+ */
+function isCanonicalizedStructurallyValidLanguageTag(locale) {
+
+  /**
+   * Regular expression defining Unicode BCP 47 Locale Identifiers.
+   *
+   * Spec: https://unicode.org/reports/tr35/#Unicode_locale_identifier
+   */
+  var alpha = "[a-z]",
+    digit = "[0-9]",
+    alphanum = "[a-z0-9]",
+    variant = "(" + alphanum + "{5,8}|(?:" + digit + alphanum + "{3}))",
+    region = "(" + alpha + "{2}|" + digit + "{3})",
+    script = "(" + alpha + "{4})",
+    language = "(" + alpha + "{2,3}|" + alpha + "{5,8})",
+    privateuse = "(x(-[a-z0-9]{1,8})+)",
+    singleton = "(" + digit + "|[a-wy-z])",
+    attribute= "(" + alphanum + "{3,8})",
+    keyword = "(" + alphanum + alpha + "(-" + alphanum + "{3,8})*)",
+    unicode_locale_extensions = "(u((-" + keyword + ")+|((-" + attribute + ")+(-" + keyword + ")*)))",
+    tlang = "(" + language + "(-" + script + ")?(-" + region + ")?(-" + variant + ")*)",
+    tfield = "(" + alpha + digit + "(-" + alphanum + "{3,8})+)",
+    transformed_extensions = "(t((-" + tlang + "(-" + tfield + ")*)|(-" + tfield + ")+))",
+    other_singleton = "(" + digit + "|[a-sv-wy-z])",
+    other_extensions = "(" + other_singleton + "(-" + alphanum + "{2,8})+)",
+    extension = "(" + unicode_locale_extensions + "|" + transformed_extensions + "|" + other_extensions + ")",
+    locale_id = language + "(-" + script + ")?(-" + region + ")?(-" + variant + ")*(-" + extension + ")*(-" + privateuse + ")?",
+    languageTag = "^(" + locale_id + ")$",
+    languageTagRE = new RegExp(languageTag, "i");
+
+  var duplicateSingleton = "-" + singleton + "-(.*-)?\\1(?!" + alphanum + ")",
+    duplicateSingletonRE = new RegExp(duplicateSingleton, "i"),
+    duplicateVariant = "(" + alphanum + "{2,8}-)+" + variant + "-(" + alphanum + "{2,8}-)*\\2(?!" + alphanum + ")",
+    duplicateVariantRE = new RegExp(duplicateVariant, "i");
+
+  var transformKeyRE = new RegExp("^" + alpha + digit + "$", "i");
+
+  /**
+   * Verifies that the given string is a well-formed Unicode BCP 47 Locale Identifier
+   * with no duplicate variant or singleton subtags.
+   *
+   * Spec: ECMAScript Internationalization API Specification, draft, 6.2.2.
+   */
+  function isStructurallyValidLanguageTag(locale) {
+    if (!languageTagRE.test(locale)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    locale = locale.split(/-x-/)[0];
+    return !duplicateSingletonRE.test(locale) && !duplicateVariantRE.test(locale);
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * Mappings from complete tags to preferred values.
+   *
+   * Spec: http://unicode.org/reports/tr35/#Identifiers
+   * Version: CLDR, version 36.1
+   */
+  var __tagMappings = {
+    // property names must be in lower case; values in canonical form
+
+    "art-lojban": "jbo",
+    "cel-gaulish": "xtg",
+    "zh-guoyu": "zh",
+    "zh-hakka": "hak",
+    "zh-xiang": "hsn",
+  };
+
+
+  /**
+   * Mappings from language subtags to preferred values.
+   *
+   * Spec: http://unicode.org/reports/tr35/#Identifiers
+   * Version: CLDR, version 36.1
+   */
+  var __languageMappings = {
+    // property names and values must be in canonical case
+
+    "aam": "aas",
+    "aar": "aa",
+    "abk": "ab",
+    "adp": "dz",
+    "afr": "af",
+    "aju": "jrb",
+    "aka": "ak",
+    "alb": "sq",
+    "als": "sq",
+    "amh": "am",
+    "ara": "ar",
+    "arb": "ar",
+    "arg": "an",
+    "arm": "hy",
+    "asd": "snz",
+    "asm": "as",
+    "aue": "ktz",
+    "ava": "av",
+    "ave": "ae",
+    "aym": "ay",
+    "ayr": "ay",
+    "ayx": "nun",
+    "aze": "az",
+    "azj": "az",
+    "bak": "ba",
+    "bam": "bm",
+    "baq": "eu",
+    "bcc": "bal",
+    "bcl": "bik",
+    "bel": "be",
+    "ben": "bn",
+    "bgm": "bcg",
+    "bh": "bho",
+    "bih": "bho",
+    "bis": "bi",
+    "bjd": "drl",
+    "bod": "bo",
+    "bos": "bs",
+    "bre": "br",
+    "bul": "bg",
+    "bur": "my",
+    "bxk": "luy",
+    "bxr": "bua",
+    "cat": "ca",
+    "ccq": "rki",
+    "ces": "cs",
+    "cha": "ch",
+    "che": "ce",
+    "chi": "zh",
+    "chu": "cu",
+    "chv": "cv",
+    "cjr": "mom",
+    "cka": "cmr",
+    "cld": "syr",
+    "cmk": "xch",
+    "cmn": "zh",
+    "cor": "kw",
+    "cos": "co",
+    "coy": "pij",
+    "cqu": "quh",
+    "cre": "cr",
+    "cwd": "cr",
+    "cym": "cy",
+    "cze": "cs",
+    "dan": "da",
+    "deu": "de",
+    "dgo": "doi",
+    "dhd": "mwr",
+    "dik": "din",
+    "diq": "zza",
+    "dit": "dif",
+    "div": "dv",
+    "drh": "mn",
+    "dut": "nl",
+    "dzo": "dz",
+    "ekk": "et",
+    "ell": "el",
+    "emk": "man",
+    "eng": "en",
+    "epo": "eo",
+    "esk": "ik",
+    "est": "et",
+    "eus": "eu",
+    "ewe": "ee",
+    "fao": "fo",
+    "fas": "fa",
+    "fat": "ak",
+    "fij": "fj",
+    "fin": "fi",
+    "fra": "fr",
+    "fre": "fr",
+    "fry": "fy",
+    "fuc": "ff",
+    "ful": "ff",
+    "gav": "dev",
+    "gaz": "om",
+    "gbo": "grb",
+    "geo": "ka",
+    "ger": "de",
+    "gfx": "vaj",
+    "ggn": "gvr",
+    "gla": "gd",
+    "gle": "ga",
+    "glg": "gl",
+    "glv": "gv",
+    "gno": "gon",
+    "gre": "el",
+    "grn": "gn",
+    "gti": "nyc",
+    "gug": "gn",
+    "guj": "gu",
+    "guv": "duz",
+    "gya": "gba",
+    "hat": "ht",
+    "hau": "ha",
+    "hdn": "hai",
+    "hea": "hmn",
+    "heb": "he",
+    "her": "hz",
+    "him": "srx",
+    "hin": "hi",
+    "hmo": "ho",
+    "hrr": "jal",
+    "hrv": "hr",
+    "hun": "hu",
+    "hye": "hy",
+    "ibi": "opa",
+    "ibo": "ig",
+    "ice": "is",
+    "ido": "io",
+    "iii": "ii",
+    "ike": "iu",
+    "iku": "iu",
+    "ile": "ie",
+    "ilw": "gal",
+    "in": "id",
+    "ina": "ia",
+    "ind": "id",
+    "ipk": "ik",
+    "isl": "is",
+    "ita": "it",
+    "iw": "he",
+    "jav": "jv",
+    "jeg": "oyb",
+    "ji": "yi",
+    "jpn": "ja",
+    "jw": "jv",
+    "kal": "kl",
+    "kan": "kn",
+    "kas": "ks",
+    "kat": "ka",
+    "kau": "kr",
+    "kaz": "kk",
+    "kgc": "tdf",
+    "kgh": "kml",
+    "khk": "mn",
+    "khm": "km",
+    "kik": "ki",
+    "kin": "rw",
+    "kir": "ky",
+    "kmr": "ku",
+    "knc": "kr",
+    "kng": "kg",
+    "knn": "kok",
+    "koj": "kwv",
+    "kom": "kv",
+    "kon": "kg",
+    "kor": "ko",
+    "kpv": "kv",
+    "krm": "bmf",
+    "ktr": "dtp",
+    "kua": "kj",
+    "kur": "ku",
+    "kvs": "gdj",
+    "kwq": "yam",
+    "kxe": "tvd",
+    "kzj": "dtp",
+    "kzt": "dtp",
+    "lao": "lo",
+    "lat": "la",
+    "lav": "lv",
+    "lbk": "bnc",
+    "lii": "raq",
+    "lim": "li",
+    "lin": "ln",
+    "lit": "lt",
+    "llo": "ngt",
+    "lmm": "rmx",
+    "ltz": "lb",
+    "lub": "lu",
+    "lug": "lg",
+    "lvs": "lv",
+    "mac": "mk",
+    "mah": "mh",
+    "mal": "ml",
+    "mao": "mi",
+    "mar": "mr",
+    "may": "ms",
+    "meg": "cir",
+    "mhr": "chm",
+    "mkd": "mk",
+    "mlg": "mg",
+    "mlt": "mt",
+    "mnk": "man",
+    "mo": "ro",
+    "mol": "ro",
+    "mon": "mn",
+    "mri": "mi",
+    "msa": "ms",
+    "mst": "mry",
+    "mup": "raj",
+    "mwj": "vaj",
+    "mya": "my",
+    "myd": "aog",
+    "myt": "mry",
+    "nad": "xny",
+    "nau": "na",
+    "nav": "nv",
+    "nbl": "nr",
+    "ncp": "kdz",
+    "nde": "nd",
+    "ndo": "ng",
+    "nep": "ne",
+    "nld": "nl",
+    "nno": "nn",
+    "nns": "nbr",
+    "nnx": "ngv",
+    "no": "nb",
+    "nob": "nb",
+    "nor": "nb",
+    "npi": "ne",
+    "nts": "pij",
+    "nya": "ny",
+    "oci": "oc",
+    "ojg": "oj",
+    "oji": "oj",
+    "ori": "or",
+    "orm": "om",
+    "ory": "or",
+    "oss": "os",
+    "oun": "vaj",
+    "pan": "pa",
+    "pbu": "ps",
+    "pcr": "adx",
+    "per": "fa",
+    "pes": "fa",
+    "pli": "pi",
+    "plt": "mg",
+    "pmc": "huw",
+    "pmu": "phr",
+    "pnb": "lah",
+    "pol": "pl",
+    "por": "pt",
+    "ppa": "bfy",
+    "ppr": "lcq",
+    "pry": "prt",
+    "pus": "ps",
+    "puz": "pub",
+    "que": "qu",
+    "quz": "qu",
+    "rmy": "rom",
+    "roh": "rm",
+    "ron": "ro",
+    "rum": "ro",
+    "run": "rn",
+    "rus": "ru",
+    "sag": "sg",
+    "san": "sa",
+    "sca": "hle",
+    "scc": "sr",
+    "scr": "hr",
+    "sin": "si",
+    "skk": "oyb",
+    "slk": "sk",
+    "slo": "sk",
+    "slv": "sl",
+    "sme": "se",
+    "smo": "sm",
+    "sna": "sn",
+    "snd": "sd",
+    "som": "so",
+    "sot": "st",
+    "spa": "es",
+    "spy": "kln",
+    "sqi": "sq",
+    "src": "sc",
+    "srd": "sc",
+    "srp": "sr",
+    "ssw": "ss",
+    "sun": "su",
+    "swa": "sw",
+    "swe": "sv",
+    "swh": "sw",
+    "tah": "ty",
+    "tam": "ta",
+    "tat": "tt",
+    "tdu": "dtp",
+    "tel": "te",
+    "tgk": "tg",
+    "tgl": "fil",
+    "tha": "th",
+    "thc": "tpo",
+    "thx": "oyb",
+    "tib": "bo",
+    "tie": "ras",
+    "tir": "ti",
+    "tkk": "twm",
+    "tl": "fil",
+    "tlw": "weo",
+    "tmp": "tyj",
+    "tne": "kak",
+    "ton": "to",
+    "tsf": "taj",
+    "tsn": "tn",
+    "tso": "ts",
+    "ttq": "tmh",
+    "tuk": "tk",
+    "tur": "tr",
+    "tw": "ak",
+    "twi": "ak",
+    "uig": "ug",
+    "ukr": "uk",
+    "umu": "del",
+    "uok": "ema",
+    "urd": "ur",
+    "uzb": "uz",
+    "uzn": "uz",
+    "ven": "ve",
+    "vie": "vi",
+    "vol": "vo",
+    "wel": "cy",
+    "wln": "wa",
+    "wol": "wo",
+    "xba": "cax",
+    "xho": "xh",
+    "xia": "acn",
+    "xkh": "waw",
+    "xpe": "kpe",
+    "xsj": "suj",
+    "xsl": "den",
+    "ybd": "rki",
+    "ydd": "yi",
+    "yid": "yi",
+    "yma": "lrr",
+    "ymt": "mtm",
+    "yor": "yo",
+    "yos": "zom",
+    "yuu": "yug",
+    "zai": "zap",
+    "zha": "za",
+    "zho": "zh",
+    "zsm": "ms",
+    "zul": "zu",
+    "zyb": "za",
+  };
+
+
+  /**
+   * Mappings from region subtags to preferred values.
+   *
+   * Spec: http://unicode.org/reports/tr35/#Identifiers
+   * Version: CLDR, version 36.1
+   */
+  var __regionMappings = {
+    // property names and values must be in canonical case
+
+    "004": "AF",
+    "008": "AL",
+    "010": "AQ",
+    "012": "DZ",
+    "016": "AS",
+    "020": "AD",
+    "024": "AO",
+    "028": "AG",
+    "031": "AZ",
+    "032": "AR",
+    "036": "AU",
+    "040": "AT",
+    "044": "BS",
+    "048": "BH",
+    "050": "BD",
+    "051": "AM",
+    "052": "BB",
+    "056": "BE",
+    "060": "BM",
+    "062": "034",
+    "064": "BT",
+    "068": "BO",
+    "070": "BA",
+    "072": "BW",
+    "074": "BV",
+    "076": "BR",
+    "084": "BZ",
+    "086": "IO",
+    "090": "SB",
+    "092": "VG",
+    "096": "BN",
+    "100": "BG",
+    "104": "MM",
+    "108": "BI",
+    "112": "BY",
+    "116": "KH",
+    "120": "CM",
+    "124": "CA",
+    "132": "CV",
+    "136": "KY",
+    "140": "CF",
+    "144": "LK",
+    "148": "TD",
+    "152": "CL",
+    "156": "CN",
+    "158": "TW",
+    "162": "CX",
+    "166": "CC",
+    "170": "CO",
+    "174": "KM",
+    "175": "YT",
+    "178": "CG",
+    "180": "CD",
+    "184": "CK",
+    "188": "CR",
+    "191": "HR",
+    "192": "CU",
+    "196": "CY",
+    "203": "CZ",
+    "204": "BJ",
+    "208": "DK",
+    "212": "DM",
+    "214": "DO",
+    "218": "EC",
+    "222": "SV",
+    "226": "GQ",
+    "230": "ET",
+    "231": "ET",
+    "232": "ER",
+    "233": "EE",
+    "234": "FO",
+    "238": "FK",
+    "239": "GS",
+    "242": "FJ",
+    "246": "FI",
+    "248": "AX",
+    "249": "FR",
+    "250": "FR",
+    "254": "GF",
+    "258": "PF",
+    "260": "TF",
+    "262": "DJ",
+    "266": "GA",
+    "268": "GE",
+    "270": "GM",
+    "275": "PS",
+    "276": "DE",
+    "278": "DE",
+    "280": "DE",
+    "288": "GH",
+    "292": "GI",
+    "296": "KI",
+    "300": "GR",
+    "304": "GL",
+    "308": "GD",
+    "312": "GP",
+    "316": "GU",
+    "320": "GT",
+    "324": "GN",
+    "328": "GY",
+    "332": "HT",
+    "334": "HM",
+    "336": "VA",
+    "340": "HN",
+    "344": "HK",
+    "348": "HU",
+    "352": "IS",
+    "356": "IN",
+    "360": "ID",
+    "364": "IR",
+    "368": "IQ",
+    "372": "IE",
+    "376": "IL",
+    "380": "IT",
+    "384": "CI",
+    "388": "JM",
+    "392": "JP",
+    "398": "KZ",
+    "400": "JO",
+    "404": "KE",
+    "408": "KP",
+    "410": "KR",
+    "414": "KW",
+    "417": "KG",
+    "418": "LA",
+    "422": "LB",
+    "426": "LS",
+    "428": "LV",
+    "430": "LR",
+    "434": "LY",
+    "438": "LI",
+    "440": "LT",
+    "442": "LU",
+    "446": "MO",
+    "450": "MG",
+    "454": "MW",
+    "458": "MY",
+    "462": "MV",
+    "466": "ML",
+    "470": "MT",
+    "474": "MQ",
+    "478": "MR",
+    "480": "MU",
+    "484": "MX",
+    "492": "MC",
+    "496": "MN",
+    "498": "MD",
+    "499": "ME",
+    "500": "MS",
+    "504": "MA",
+    "508": "MZ",
+    "512": "OM",
+    "516": "NA",
+    "520": "NR",
+    "524": "NP",
+    "528": "NL",
+    "531": "CW",
+    "533": "AW",
+    "534": "SX",
+    "535": "BQ",
+    "540": "NC",
+    "548": "VU",
+    "554": "NZ",
+    "558": "NI",
+    "562": "NE",
+    "566": "NG",
+    "570": "NU",
+    "574": "NF",
+    "578": "NO",
+    "580": "MP",
+    "581": "UM",
+    "583": "FM",
+    "584": "MH",
+    "585": "PW",
+    "586": "PK",
+    "591": "PA",
+    "598": "PG",
+    "600": "PY",
+    "604": "PE",
+    "608": "PH",
+    "612": "PN",
+    "616": "PL",
+    "620": "PT",
+    "624": "GW",
+    "626": "TL",
+    "630": "PR",
+    "634": "QA",
+    "638": "RE",
+    "642": "RO",
+    "643": "RU",
+    "646": "RW",
+    "652": "BL",
+    "654": "SH",
+    "659": "KN",
+    "660": "AI",
+    "662": "LC",
+    "663": "MF",
+    "666": "PM",
+    "670": "VC",
+    "674": "SM",
+    "678": "ST",
+    "682": "SA",
+    "686": "SN",
+    "688": "RS",
+    "690": "SC",
+    "694": "SL",
+    "702": "SG",
+    "703": "SK",
+    "704": "VN",
+    "705": "SI",
+    "706": "SO",
+    "710": "ZA",
+    "716": "ZW",
+    "720": "YE",
+    "724": "ES",
+    "728": "SS",
+    "729": "SD",
+    "732": "EH",
+    "736": "SD",
+    "740": "SR",
+    "744": "SJ",
+    "748": "SZ",
+    "752": "SE",
+    "756": "CH",
+    "760": "SY",
+    "762": "TJ",
+    "764": "TH",
+    "768": "TG",
+    "772": "TK",
+    "776": "TO",
+    "780": "TT",
+    "784": "AE",
+    "788": "TN",
+    "792": "TR",
+    "795": "TM",
+    "796": "TC",
+    "798": "TV",
+    "800": "UG",
+    "804": "UA",
+    "807": "MK",
+    "818": "EG",
+    "826": "GB",
+    "830": "JE",
+    "831": "GG",
+    "832": "JE",
+    "833": "IM",
+    "834": "TZ",
+    "840": "US",
+    "850": "VI",
+    "854": "BF",
+    "858": "UY",
+    "860": "UZ",
+    "862": "VE",
+    "876": "WF",
+    "882": "WS",
+    "886": "YE",
+    "887": "YE",
+    "891": "RS",
+    "894": "ZM",
+    "958": "AA",
+    "959": "QM",
+    "960": "QN",
+    "962": "QP",
+    "963": "QQ",
+    "964": "QR",
+    "965": "QS",
+    "966": "QT",
+    "967": "EU",
+    "968": "QV",
+    "969": "QW",
+    "970": "QX",
+    "971": "QY",
+    "972": "QZ",
+    "973": "XA",
+    "974": "XB",
+    "975": "XC",
+    "976": "XD",
+    "977": "XE",
+    "978": "XF",
+    "979": "XG",
+    "980": "XH",
+    "981": "XI",
+    "982": "XJ",
+    "983": "XK",
+    "984": "XL",
+    "985": "XM",
+    "986": "XN",
+    "987": "XO",
+    "988": "XP",
+    "989": "XQ",
+    "990": "XR",
+    "991": "XS",
+    "992": "XT",
+    "993": "XU",
+    "994": "XV",
+    "995": "XW",
+    "996": "XX",
+    "997": "XY",
+    "998": "XZ",
+    "999": "ZZ",
+    "BU": "MM",
+    "CS": "RS",
+    "CT": "KI",
+    "DD": "DE",
+    "DY": "BJ",
+    "FQ": "AQ",
+    "FX": "FR",
+    "HV": "BF",
+    "JT": "UM",
+    "MI": "UM",
+    "NH": "VU",
+    "NQ": "AQ",
+    "PU": "UM",
+    "PZ": "PA",
+    "QU": "EU",
+    "RH": "ZW",
+    "TP": "TL",
+    "UK": "GB",
+    "VD": "VN",
+    "WK": "UM",
+    "YD": "YE",
+    "YU": "RS",
+    "ZR": "CD",
+  };
+
+
+  /**
+   * Complex mappings from language subtags to preferred values.
+   *
+   * Spec: http://unicode.org/reports/tr35/#Identifiers
+   * Version: CLDR, version 36.1
+   */
+  var __complexLanguageMappings = {
+    // property names and values must be in canonical case
+
+    "cnr": {language: "sr", region: "ME"},
+    "drw": {language: "fa", region: "AF"},
+    "hbs": {language: "sr", script: "Latn"},
+    "prs": {language: "fa", region: "AF"},
+    "sh": {language: "sr", script: "Latn"},
+    "swc": {language: "sw", region: "CD"},
+    "tnf": {language: "fa", region: "AF"},
+  };
+
+
+  /**
+   * Complex mappings from region subtags to preferred values.
+   *
+   * Spec: http://unicode.org/reports/tr35/#Identifiers
+   * Version: CLDR, version 36.1
+   */
+  var __complexRegionMappings = {
+    // property names and values must be in canonical case
+
+    "172": {
+      default: "RU",
+      "ab": "GE",
+      "az": "AZ",
+      "be": "BY",
+      "crh": "UA",
+      "gag": "MD",
+      "got": "UA",
+      "hy": "AM",
+      "ji": "UA",
+      "ka": "GE",
+      "kaa": "UZ",
+      "kk": "KZ",
+      "ku-Yezi": "GE",
+      "ky": "KG",
+      "os": "GE",
+      "rue": "UA",
+      "sog": "UZ",
+      "tg": "TJ",
+      "tk": "TM",
+      "tkr": "AZ",
+      "tly": "AZ",
+      "ttt": "AZ",
+      "ug-Cyrl": "KZ",
+      "uk": "UA",
+      "und-Armn": "AM",
+      "und-Chrs": "UZ",
+      "und-Geor": "GE",
+      "und-Goth": "UA",
+      "und-Sogd": "UZ",
+      "und-Sogo": "UZ",
+      "und-Yezi": "GE",
+      "uz": "UZ",
+      "xco": "UZ",
+      "xmf": "GE",
+    },
+    "200": {
+      default: "CZ",
+      "sk": "SK",
+    },
+    "530": {
+      default: "CW",
+      "vic": "SX",
+    },
+    "532": {
+      default: "CW",
+      "vic": "SX",
+    },
+    "536": {
+      default: "SA",
+      "akk": "IQ",
+      "ckb": "IQ",
+      "ku-Arab": "IQ",
+      "mis": "IQ",
+      "syr": "IQ",
+      "und-Hatr": "IQ",
+      "und-Syrc": "IQ",
+      "und-Xsux": "IQ",
+    },
+    "582": {
+      default: "FM",
+      "mh": "MH",
+      "pau": "PW",
+    },
+    "810": {
+      default: "RU",
+      "ab": "GE",
+      "az": "AZ",
+      "be": "BY",
+      "crh": "UA",
+      "et": "EE",
+      "gag": "MD",
+      "got": "UA",
+      "hy": "AM",
+      "ji": "UA",
+      "ka": "GE",
+      "kaa": "UZ",
+      "kk": "KZ",
+      "ku-Yezi": "GE",
+      "ky": "KG",
+      "lt": "LT",
+      "ltg": "LV",
+      "lv": "LV",
+      "os": "GE",
+      "rue": "UA",
+      "sgs": "LT",
+      "sog": "UZ",
+      "tg": "TJ",
+      "tk": "TM",
+      "tkr": "AZ",
+      "tly": "AZ",
+      "ttt": "AZ",
+      "ug-Cyrl": "KZ",
+      "uk": "UA",
+      "und-Armn": "AM",
+      "und-Chrs": "UZ",
+      "und-Geor": "GE",
+      "und-Goth": "UA",
+      "und-Sogd": "UZ",
+      "und-Sogo": "UZ",
+      "und-Yezi": "GE",
+      "uz": "UZ",
+      "vro": "EE",
+      "xco": "UZ",
+      "xmf": "GE",
+    },
+    "890": {
+      default: "RS",
+      "bs": "BA",
+      "hr": "HR",
+      "mk": "MK",
+      "sl": "SI",
+    },
+    "AN": {
+      default: "CW",
+      "vic": "SX",
+    },
+    "NT": {
+      default: "SA",
+      "akk": "IQ",
+      "ckb": "IQ",
+      "ku-Arab": "IQ",
+      "mis": "IQ",
+      "syr": "IQ",
+      "und-Hatr": "IQ",
+      "und-Syrc": "IQ",
+      "und-Xsux": "IQ",
+    },
+    "PC": {
+      default: "FM",
+      "mh": "MH",
+      "pau": "PW",
+    },
+    "SU": {
+      default: "RU",
+      "ab": "GE",
+      "az": "AZ",
+      "be": "BY",
+      "crh": "UA",
+      "et": "EE",
+      "gag": "MD",
+      "got": "UA",
+      "hy": "AM",
+      "ji": "UA",
+      "ka": "GE",
+      "kaa": "UZ",
+      "kk": "KZ",
+      "ku-Yezi": "GE",
+      "ky": "KG",
+      "lt": "LT",
+      "ltg": "LV",
+      "lv": "LV",
+      "os": "GE",
+      "rue": "UA",
+      "sgs": "LT",
+      "sog": "UZ",
+      "tg": "TJ",
+      "tk": "TM",
+      "tkr": "AZ",
+      "tly": "AZ",
+      "ttt": "AZ",
+      "ug-Cyrl": "KZ",
+      "uk": "UA",
+      "und-Armn": "AM",
+      "und-Chrs": "UZ",
+      "und-Geor": "GE",
+      "und-Goth": "UA",
+      "und-Sogd": "UZ",
+      "und-Sogo": "UZ",
+      "und-Yezi": "GE",
+      "uz": "UZ",
+      "vro": "EE",
+      "xco": "UZ",
+      "xmf": "GE",
+    },
+  };
+
+
+  /**
+   * Mappings from variant subtags to preferred values.
+   *
+   * Spec: http://unicode.org/reports/tr35/#Identifiers
+   * Version: CLDR, version 36.1
+   */
+  var __variantMappings = {
+    // property names and values must be in canonical case
+
+    "aaland": {type: "region", replacement: "AX"},
+    "arevela": {type: "language", replacement: "hy"},
+    "arevmda": {type: "language", replacement: "hyw"},
+    "heploc": {type: "variant", replacement: "alalc97"},
+    "polytoni": {type: "variant", replacement: "polyton"},
+  };
+
+
+  /**
+   * Mappings from Unicode extension subtags to preferred values.
+   *
+   * Spec: http://unicode.org/reports/tr35/#Identifiers
+   * Version: CLDR, version 36.1
+   */
+  var __unicodeMappings = {
+    // property names and values must be in canonical case
+
+    "ca": {
+      "ethiopic-amete-alem": "ethioaa",
+      "islamicc": "islamic-civil",
+    },
+    "kb": {
+      "yes": "true",
+    },
+    "kc": {
+      "yes": "true",
+    },
+    "kh": {
+      "yes": "true",
+    },
+    "kk": {
+      "yes": "true",
+    },
+    "kn": {
+      "yes": "true",
+    },
+    "ks": {
+      "primary": "level1",
+      "tertiary": "level3",
+    },
+    "ms": {
+      "imperial": "uksystem",
+    },
+    "rg": {
+      "cn11": "cnbj",
+      "cn12": "cntj",
+      "cn13": "cnhe",
+      "cn14": "cnsx",
+      "cn15": "cnmn",
+      "cn21": "cnln",
+      "cn22": "cnjl",
+      "cn23": "cnhl",
+      "cn31": "cnsh",
+      "cn32": "cnjs",
+      "cn33": "cnzj",
+      "cn34": "cnah",
+      "cn35": "cnfj",
+      "cn36": "cnjx",
+      "cn37": "cnsd",
+      "cn41": "cnha",
+      "cn42": "cnhb",
+      "cn43": "cnhn",
+      "cn44": "cngd",
+      "cn45": "cngx",
+      "cn46": "cnhi",
+      "cn50": "cncq",
+      "cn51": "cnsc",
+      "cn52": "cngz",
+      "cn53": "cnyn",
+      "cn54": "cnxz",
+      "cn61": "cnsn",
+      "cn62": "cngs",
+      "cn63": "cnqh",
+      "cn64": "cnnx",
+      "cn65": "cnxj",
+      "cz10a": "cz110",
+      "cz10b": "cz111",
+      "cz10c": "cz112",
+      "cz10d": "cz113",
+      "cz10e": "cz114",
+      "cz10f": "cz115",
+      "cz611": "cz663",
+      "cz612": "cz632",
+      "cz613": "cz633",
+      "cz614": "cz634",
+      "cz615": "cz635",
+      "cz621": "cz641",
+      "cz622": "cz642",
+      "cz623": "cz643",
+      "cz624": "cz644",
+      "cz626": "cz646",
+      "cz627": "cz647",
+      "czjc": "cz31",
+      "czjm": "cz64",
+      "czka": "cz41",
+      "czkr": "cz52",
+      "czli": "cz51",
+      "czmo": "cz80",
+      "czol": "cz71",
+      "czpa": "cz53",
+      "czpl": "cz32",
+      "czpr": "cz10",
+      "czst": "cz20",
+      "czus": "cz42",
+      "czvy": "cz63",
+      "czzl": "cz72",
+      "fra": "frges",
+      "frb": "frnaq",
+      "frc": "frara",
+      "frd": "frbfc",
+      "fre": "frbre",
+      "frf": "frcvl",
+      "frg": "frges",
+      "frh": "frcor",
+      "fri": "frbfc",
+      "frj": "fridf",
+      "frk": "frocc",
+      "frl": "frnaq",
+      "frm": "frges",
+      "frn": "frocc",
+      "fro": "frhdf",
+      "frp": "frnor",
+      "frq": "frnor",
+      "frr": "frpdl",
+      "frs": "frhdf",
+      "frt": "frnaq",
+      "fru": "frpac",
+      "frv": "frara",
+      "laxn": "laxs",
+      "lud": "lucl",
+      "lug": "luec",
+      "lul": "luca",
+      "mrnkc": "mr13",
+      "no23": "no50",
+      "nzn": "nzauk",
+      "nzs": "nzcan",
+      "omba": "ombj",
+      "omsh": "omsj",
+      "plds": "pl02",
+      "plkp": "pl04",
+      "pllb": "pl08",
+      "plld": "pl10",
+      "pllu": "pl06",
+      "plma": "pl12",
+      "plmz": "pl14",
+      "plop": "pl16",
+      "plpd": "pl20",
+      "plpk": "pl18",
+      "plpm": "pl22",
+      "plsk": "pl26",
+      "plsl": "pl24",
+      "plwn": "pl28",
+      "plwp": "pl30",
+      "plzp": "pl32",
+      "tteto": "tttob",
+      "ttrcm": "ttmrc",
+      "ttwto": "tttob",
+      "twkhq": "twkhh",
+      "twtnq": "twtnn",
+      "twtpq": "twnwt",
+      "twtxq": "twtxg",
+    },
+    "sd": {
+      "cn11": "cnbj",
+      "cn12": "cntj",
+      "cn13": "cnhe",
+      "cn14": "cnsx",
+      "cn15": "cnmn",
+      "cn21": "cnln",
+      "cn22": "cnjl",
+      "cn23": "cnhl",
+      "cn31": "cnsh",
+      "cn32": "cnjs",
+      "cn33": "cnzj",
+      "cn34": "cnah",
+      "cn35": "cnfj",
+      "cn36": "cnjx",
+      "cn37": "cnsd",
+      "cn41": "cnha",
+      "cn42": "cnhb",
+      "cn43": "cnhn",
+      "cn44": "cngd",
+      "cn45": "cngx",
+      "cn46": "cnhi",
+      "cn50": "cncq",
+      "cn51": "cnsc",
+      "cn52": "cngz",
+      "cn53": "cnyn",
+      "cn54": "cnxz",
+      "cn61": "cnsn",
+      "cn62": "cngs",
+      "cn63": "cnqh",
+      "cn64": "cnnx",
+      "cn65": "cnxj",
+      "cz10a": "cz110",
+      "cz10b": "cz111",
+      "cz10c": "cz112",
+      "cz10d": "cz113",
+      "cz10e": "cz114",
+      "cz10f": "cz115",
+      "cz611": "cz663",
+      "cz612": "cz632",
+      "cz613": "cz633",
+      "cz614": "cz634",
+      "cz615": "cz635",
+      "cz621": "cz641",
+      "cz622": "cz642",
+      "cz623": "cz643",
+      "cz624": "cz644",
+      "cz626": "cz646",
+      "cz627": "cz647",
+      "czjc": "cz31",
+      "czjm": "cz64",
+      "czka": "cz41",
+      "czkr": "cz52",
+      "czli": "cz51",
+      "czmo": "cz80",
+      "czol": "cz71",
+      "czpa": "cz53",
+      "czpl": "cz32",
+      "czpr": "cz10",
+      "czst": "cz20",
+      "czus": "cz42",
+      "czvy": "cz63",
+      "czzl": "cz72",
+      "fra": "frges",
+      "frb": "frnaq",
+      "frc": "frara",
+      "frd": "frbfc",
+      "fre": "frbre",
+      "frf": "frcvl",
+      "frg": "frges",
+      "frh": "frcor",
+      "fri": "frbfc",
+      "frj": "fridf",
+      "frk": "frocc",
+      "frl": "frnaq",
+      "frm": "frges",
+      "frn": "frocc",
+      "fro": "frhdf",
+      "frp": "frnor",
+      "frq": "frnor",
+      "frr": "frpdl",
+      "frs": "frhdf",
+      "frt": "frnaq",
+      "fru": "frpac",
+      "frv": "frara",
+      "laxn": "laxs",
+      "lud": "lucl",
+      "lug": "luec",
+      "lul": "luca",
+      "mrnkc": "mr13",
+      "no23": "no50",
+      "nzn": "nzauk",
+      "nzs": "nzcan",
+      "omba": "ombj",
+      "omsh": "omsj",
+      "plds": "pl02",
+      "plkp": "pl04",
+      "pllb": "pl08",
+      "plld": "pl10",
+      "pllu": "pl06",
+      "plma": "pl12",
+      "plmz": "pl14",
+      "plop": "pl16",
+      "plpd": "pl20",
+      "plpk": "pl18",
+      "plpm": "pl22",
+      "plsk": "pl26",
+      "plsl": "pl24",
+      "plwn": "pl28",
+      "plwp": "pl30",
+      "plzp": "pl32",
+      "tteto": "tttob",
+      "ttrcm": "ttmrc",
+      "ttwto": "tttob",
+      "twkhq": "twkhh",
+      "twtnq": "twtnn",
+      "twtpq": "twnwt",
+      "twtxq": "twtxg",
+    },
+    "tz": {
+      "aqams": "nzakl",
+      "cnckg": "cnsha",
+      "cnhrb": "cnsha",
+      "cnkhg": "cnurc",
+      "cuba": "cuhav",
+      "egypt": "egcai",
+      "eire": "iedub",
+      "est": "utcw05",
+      "gmt0": "gmt",
+      "hongkong": "hkhkg",
+      "hst": "utcw10",
+      "iceland": "isrey",
+      "iran": "irthr",
+      "israel": "jeruslm",
+      "jamaica": "jmkin",
+      "japan": "jptyo",
+      "libya": "lytip",
+      "mst": "utcw07",
+      "navajo": "usden",
+      "poland": "plwaw",
+      "portugal": "ptlis",
+      "prc": "cnsha",
+      "roc": "twtpe",
+      "rok": "krsel",
+      "turkey": "trist",
+      "uct": "utc",
+      "usnavajo": "usden",
+      "zulu": "utc",
+    },
+  };
+
+
+  /**
+   * Mappings from Unicode extension subtags to preferred values.
+   *
+   * Spec: http://unicode.org/reports/tr35/#Identifiers
+   * Version: CLDR, version 36.1
+   */
+  var __transformMappings = {
+    // property names and values must be in canonical case
+
+    "d0": {
+      "name": "charname",
+    },
+    "m0": {
+      "names": "prprname",
+    },
+  };
+
+  /**
+   * Canonicalizes the given well-formed BCP 47 language tag, including regularized case of subtags.
+   *
+   * Spec: ECMAScript Internationalization API Specification, draft, 6.2.3.
+   * Spec: RFC 5646, section 4.5.
+   */
+  function canonicalizeLanguageTag(locale) {
+
+    // start with lower case for easier processing, and because most subtags will need to be lower case anyway
+    locale = locale.toLowerCase();
+
+    // handle mappings for complete tags
+    if (__tagMappings.hasOwnProperty(locale)) {
+      return __tagMappings[locale];
+    }
+
+    var subtags = locale.split("-");
+    var i = 0;
+
+    // handle standard part: all subtags before first variant or singleton subtag
+    var language;
+    var script;
+    var region;
+    while (i < subtags.length) {
+      var subtag = subtags[i];
+      if (i === 0) {
+        language = subtag;
+      } else if (subtag.length === 2 || subtag.length === 3) {
+        region = subtag.toUpperCase();
+      } else if (subtag.length === 4 && !("0" <= subtag[0] && subtag[0] <= "9")) {
+        script = subtag[0].toUpperCase() + subtag.substring(1).toLowerCase();
+      } else {
+        break;
+      }
+      i++;
+    }
+
+    if (__languageMappings.hasOwnProperty(language)) {
+      language = __languageMappings[language];
+    } else if (__complexLanguageMappings.hasOwnProperty(language)) {
+      var mapping = __complexLanguageMappings[language];
+
+      language = mapping.language;
+      if (script === undefined && mapping.hasOwnProperty("script")) {
+        script = mapping.script;
+      }
+      if (region === undefined && mapping.hasOwnProperty("region")) {
+        region = mapping.region;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (region !== undefined) {
+      if (__regionMappings.hasOwnProperty(region)) {
+        region = __regionMappings[region];
+      } else if (__complexRegionMappings.hasOwnProperty(region)) {
+        var mapping = __complexRegionMappings[region];
+
+        var mappingKey = language;
+        if (script !== undefined) {
+          mappingKey += "-" + script;
+        }
+
+        if (mapping.hasOwnProperty(mappingKey)) {
+          region = mapping[mappingKey];
+        } else {
+          region = mapping.default;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // handle variants
+    var variants = [];
+    while (i < subtags.length && subtags[i].length > 1) {
+      var variant = subtags[i];
+
+      if (__variantMappings.hasOwnProperty(variant)) {
+        var mapping = __variantMappings[variant];
+        switch (mapping.type) {
+          case "language":
+            language = mapping.replacement;
+            break;
+
+          case "region":
+            region = mapping.replacement;
+            break;
+
+          case "variant":
+            variants.push(mapping.replacement);
+            break;
+
+          default:
+            throw new Error("illegal variant mapping type");
+        }
+      } else {
+        variants.push(variant);
+      }
+
+      i += 1;
+    }
+    variants.sort();
+
+    // handle extensions
+    var extensions = [];
+    while (i < subtags.length && subtags[i] !== "x") {
+      var extensionStart = i;
+      i++;
+      while (i < subtags.length && subtags[i].length > 1) {
+        i++;
+      }
+
+      var extension;
+      var extensionKey = subtags[extensionStart];
+      if (extensionKey === "u") {
+        var j = extensionStart + 1;
+
+        // skip over leading attributes
+        while (j < i && subtags[j].length > 2) {
+          j++;
+        }
+
+        extension = subtags.slice(extensionStart, j).join("-");
+
+        while (j < i) {
+          var keyStart = j;
+          j++;
+
+          while (j < i && subtags[j].length > 2) {
+            j++;
+          }
+
+          var key = subtags[keyStart];
+          var value = subtags.slice(keyStart + 1, j).join("-");
+
+          if (__unicodeMappings.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+            var mapping = __unicodeMappings[key];
+            if (mapping.hasOwnProperty(value)) {
+              value = mapping[value];
+            }
+          }
+
+          extension += "-" + key;
+          if (value !== "" && value !== "true") {
+            extension += "-" + value;
+          }
+        }
+      } else if (extensionKey === "t") {
+        var j = extensionStart + 1;
+
+        while (j < i && !transformKeyRE.test(subtags[j])) {
+          j++;
+        }
+
+        extension = "t";
+
+        var transformLanguage = subtags.slice(extensionStart + 1, j).join("-");
+        if (transformLanguage !== "") {
+          extension += "-" + canonicalizeLanguageTag(transformLanguage).toLowerCase();
+        }
+
+        while (j < i) {
+          var keyStart = j;
+          j++;
+
+          while (j < i && subtags[j].length > 2) {
+            j++;
+          }
+
+          var key = subtags[keyStart];
+          var value = subtags.slice(keyStart + 1, j).join("-");
+
+          if (__transformMappings.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+            var mapping = __transformMappings[key];
+            if (mapping.hasOwnProperty(value)) {
+              value = mapping[value];
+            }
+          }
+
+          extension += "-" + key + "-" + value;
+        }
+      } else {
+        extension = subtags.slice(extensionStart, i).join("-");
+      }
+
+      extensions.push(extension);
+    }
+    extensions.sort();
+
+    // handle private use
+    var privateUse;
+    if (i < subtags.length) {
+      privateUse = subtags.slice(i).join("-");
+    }
+
+    // put everything back together
+    var canonical = language;
+    if (script !== undefined) {
+      canonical += "-" + script;
+    }
+    if (region !== undefined) {
+      canonical += "-" + region;
+    }
+    if (variants.length > 0) {
+      canonical += "-" + variants.join("-");
+    }
+    if (extensions.length > 0) {
+      canonical += "-" + extensions.join("-");
+    }
+    if (privateUse !== undefined) {
+      if (canonical.length > 0) {
+        canonical += "-" + privateUse;
+      } else {
+        canonical = privateUse;
+      }
+    }
+
+    return canonical;
+  }
+
+  return typeof locale === "string" && isStructurallyValidLanguageTag(locale) &&
+      canonicalizeLanguageTag(locale) === locale;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Returns an array of error cases handled by CanonicalizeLocaleList().
+ */
+function getInvalidLocaleArguments() {
+  function CustomError() {}
+
+  var topLevelErrors = [
+    // fails ToObject
+    [null, TypeError],
+
+    // fails Get
+    [{ get length() { throw new CustomError(); } }, CustomError],
+
+    // fail ToLength
+    [{ length: Symbol.toPrimitive }, TypeError],
+    [{ length: { get [Symbol.toPrimitive]() { throw new CustomError(); } } }, CustomError],
+    [{ length: { [Symbol.toPrimitive]() { throw new CustomError(); } } }, CustomError],
+    [{ length: { get valueOf() { throw new CustomError(); } } }, CustomError],
+    [{ length: { valueOf() { throw new CustomError(); } } }, CustomError],
+    [{ length: { get toString() { throw new CustomError(); } } }, CustomError],
+    [{ length: { toString() { throw new CustomError(); } } }, CustomError],
+
+    // fail type check
+    [[undefined], TypeError],
+    [[null], TypeError],
+    [[true], TypeError],
+    [[Symbol.toPrimitive], TypeError],
+    [[1], TypeError],
+    [[0.1], TypeError],
+    [[NaN], TypeError],
+  ];
+
+  var invalidLanguageTags = [
+    "", // empty tag
+    "i", // singleton alone
+    "x", // private use without subtag
+    "u", // extension singleton in first place
+    "419", // region code in first place
+    "u-nu-latn-cu-bob", // extension sequence without language
+    "hans-cmn-cn", // "hans" could theoretically be a 4-letter language code,
+                   // but those can't be followed by extlang codes.
+    "abcdefghi", // overlong language
+    "cmn-hans-cn-u-u", // duplicate singleton
+    "cmn-hans-cn-t-u-ca-u", // duplicate singleton
+    "de-gregory-gregory", // duplicate variant
+    "*", // language range
+    "de-*", // language range
+    "中文", // non-ASCII letters
+    "en-ß", // non-ASCII letters
+    "ıd" // non-ASCII letters
+  ];
+
+  return topLevelErrors.concat(
+    invalidLanguageTags.map(tag => [tag, RangeError]),
+    invalidLanguageTags.map(tag => [[tag], RangeError]),
+    invalidLanguageTags.map(tag => [["en", tag], RangeError]),
+  )
+}
+
+/**
+ * Tests whether the named options property is correctly handled by the given constructor.
+ * @param {object} Constructor the constructor to test.
+ * @param {string} property the name of the options property to test.
+ * @param {string} type the type that values of the property are expected to have
+ * @param {Array} [values] an array of allowed values for the property. Not needed for boolean.
+ * @param {any} fallback the fallback value that the property assumes if not provided.
+ * @param {object} testOptions additional options:
+ *   @param {boolean} isOptional whether support for this property is optional for implementations.
+ *   @param {boolean} noReturn whether the resulting value of the property is not returned.
+ *   @param {boolean} isILD whether the resulting value of the property is implementation and locale dependent.
+ *   @param {object} extra additional option to pass along, properties are value -> {option: value}.
+ */
+function testOption(Constructor, property, type, values, fallback, testOptions) {
+  var isOptional = testOptions !== undefined && testOptions.isOptional === true;
+  var noReturn = testOptions !== undefined && testOptions.noReturn === true;
+  var isILD = testOptions !== undefined && testOptions.isILD === true;
+
+  function addExtraOptions(options, value, testOptions) {
+    if (testOptions !== undefined && testOptions.extra !== undefined) {
+      var extra;
+      if (value !== undefined && testOptions.extra[value] !== undefined) {
+        extra = testOptions.extra[value];
+      } else if (testOptions.extra.any !== undefined) {
+        extra = testOptions.extra.any;
+      }
+      if (extra !== undefined) {
+        Object.getOwnPropertyNames(extra).forEach(function (prop) {
+          options[prop] = extra[prop];
+        });
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  var testValues, options, obj, expected, actual, error;
+
+  // test that the specified values are accepted. Also add values that convert to specified values.
+  if (type === "boolean") {
+    if (values === undefined) {
+      values = [true, false];
+    }
+    testValues = values.slice(0);
+    testValues.push(888);
+    testValues.push(0);
+  } else if (type === "string") {
+    testValues = values.slice(0);
+    testValues.push({toString: function () { return values[0]; }});
+  }
+  testValues.forEach(function (value) {
+    options = {};
+    options[property] = value;
+    addExtraOptions(options, value, testOptions);
+    obj = new Constructor(undefined, options);
+    if (noReturn) {
+      if (obj.resolvedOptions().hasOwnProperty(property)) {
+        $ERROR("Option property " + property + " is returned, but shouldn't be.");
+      }
+    } else {
+      actual = obj.resolvedOptions()[property];
+      if (isILD) {
+        if (actual !== undefined && values.indexOf(actual) === -1) {
+          $ERROR("Invalid value " + actual + " returned for property " + property + ".");
+        }
+      } else {
+        if (type === "boolean") {
+          expected = Boolean(value);
+        } else if (type === "string") {
+          expected = String(value);
+        }
+        if (actual !== expected && !(isOptional && actual === undefined)) {
+          $ERROR("Option value " + value + " for property " + property +
+            " was not accepted; got " + actual + " instead.");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  });
+
+  // test that invalid values are rejected
+  if (type === "string") {
+    var invalidValues = ["invalidValue", -1, null];
+    // assume that we won't have values in caseless scripts
+    if (values[0].toUpperCase() !== values[0]) {
+      invalidValues.push(values[0].toUpperCase());
+    } else {
+      invalidValues.push(values[0].toLowerCase());
+    }
+    invalidValues.forEach(function (value) {
+      options = {};
+      options[property] = value;
+      addExtraOptions(options, value, testOptions);
+      error = undefined;
+      try {
+        obj = new Constructor(undefined, options);
+      } catch (e) {
+        error = e;
+      }
+      if (error === undefined) {
+        $ERROR("Invalid option value " + value + " for property " + property + " was not rejected.");
+      } else if (error.name !== "RangeError") {
+        $ERROR("Invalid option value " + value + " for property " + property + " was rejected with wrong error " + error.name + ".");
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  // test that fallback value or another valid value is used if no options value is provided
+  if (!noReturn) {
+    options = {};
+    addExtraOptions(options, undefined, testOptions);
+    obj = new Constructor(undefined, options);
+    actual = obj.resolvedOptions()[property];
+    if (!(isOptional && actual === undefined)) {
+      if (fallback !== undefined) {
+        if (actual !== fallback) {
+          $ERROR("Option fallback value " + fallback + " for property " + property +
+            " was not used; got " + actual + " instead.");
+        }
+      } else {
+        if (values.indexOf(actual) === -1 && !(isILD && actual === undefined)) {
+          $ERROR("Invalid value " + actual + " returned for property " + property + ".");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Properties of the RegExp constructor that may be affected by use of regular
+ * expressions, and the default values of these properties. Properties are from
+ * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Deprecated_and_obsolete_features#RegExp_Properties
+ */
+var regExpProperties = ["$1", "$2", "$3", "$4", "$5", "$6", "$7", "$8", "$9",
+  "$_", "$*", "$&", "$+", "$`", "$'",
+  "input", "lastMatch", "lastParen", "leftContext", "rightContext"
+];
+
+var regExpPropertiesDefaultValues = (function () {
+  var values = Object.create(null);
+  (/(?:)/).test("");
+  regExpProperties.forEach(function (property) {
+    values[property] = RegExp[property];
+  });
+  return values;
+}());
+
+
+/**
+ * Tests that executing the provided function (which may use regular expressions
+ * in its implementation) does not create or modify unwanted properties on the
+ * RegExp constructor.
+ */
+function testForUnwantedRegExpChanges(testFunc) {
+  (/(?:)/).test("");
+  testFunc();
+  regExpProperties.forEach(function (property) {
+    if (RegExp[property] !== regExpPropertiesDefaultValues[property]) {
+      $ERROR("RegExp has unexpected property " + property + " with value " +
+        RegExp[property] + ".");
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Tests whether name is a valid BCP 47 numbering system name
+ * and not excluded from use in the ECMAScript Internationalization API.
+ * @param {string} name the name to be tested.
+ * @return {boolean} whether name is a valid BCP 47 numbering system name and
+ *   allowed for use in the ECMAScript Internationalization API.
+ */
+
+function isValidNumberingSystem(name) {
+
+  // source: CLDR file common/bcp47/number.xml; version CLDR 36.1.
+  var numberingSystems = [
+    "adlm",
+    "ahom",
+    "arab",
+    "arabext",
+    "armn",
+    "armnlow",
+    "bali",
+    "beng",
+    "bhks",
+    "brah",
+    "cakm",
+    "cham",
+    "cyrl",
+    "deva",
+    "diak",
+    "ethi",
+    "finance",
+    "fullwide",
+    "geor",
+    "gong",
+    "gonm",
+    "grek",
+    "greklow",
+    "gujr",
+    "guru",
+    "hanidays",
+    "hanidec",
+    "hans",
+    "hansfin",
+    "hant",
+    "hantfin",
+    "hebr",
+    "hmng",
+    "hmnp",
+    "java",
+    "jpan",
+    "jpanfin",
+    "jpanyear",
+    "kali",
+    "khmr",
+    "knda",
+    "lana",
+    "lanatham",
+    "laoo",
+    "latn",
+    "lepc",
+    "limb",
+    "mathbold",
+    "mathdbl",
+    "mathmono",
+    "mathsanb",
+    "mathsans",
+    "mlym",
+    "modi",
+    "mong",
+    "mroo",
+    "mtei",
+    "mymr",
+    "mymrshan",
+    "mymrtlng",
+    "native",
+    "newa",
+    "nkoo",
+    "olck",
+    "orya",
+    "osma",
+    "rohg",
+    "roman",
+    "romanlow",
+    "saur",
+    "shrd",
+    "sind",
+    "sinh",
+    "sora",
+    "sund",
+    "takr",
+    "talu",
+    "taml",
+    "tamldec",
+    "telu",
+    "thai",
+    "tirh",
+    "tibt",
+    "traditio",
+    "vaii",
+    "wara",
+    "wcho",
+  ];
+
+  var excluded = [
+    "finance",
+    "native",
+    "traditio"
+  ];
+
+
+  return numberingSystems.indexOf(name) !== -1 && excluded.indexOf(name) === -1;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Provides the digits of numbering systems with simple digit mappings,
+ * as specified in 11.3.2.
+ */
+
+var numberingSystemDigits = {
+  adlm: "𞥐𞥑𞥒𞥓𞥔𞥕𞥖𞥗𞥘𞥙",
+  ahom: "𑜰𑜱𑜲𑜳𑜴𑜵𑜶𑜷𑜸𑜹",
+  arab: "٠١٢٣٤٥٦٧٨٩",
+  arabext: "۰۱۲۳۴۵۶۷۸۹",
+  bali: "\u1B50\u1B51\u1B52\u1B53\u1B54\u1B55\u1B56\u1B57\u1B58\u1B59",
+  beng: "০১২৩৪৫৬৭৮৯",
+  bhks: "𑱐𑱑𑱒𑱓𑱔𑱕𑱖𑱗𑱘𑱙",
+  brah: "𑁦𑁧𑁨𑁩𑁪𑁫𑁬𑁭𑁮𑁯",
+  cakm: "𑄶𑄷𑄸𑄹𑄺𑄻𑄼𑄽𑄾𑄿",
+  cham: "꩐꩑꩒꩓꩔꩕꩖꩗꩘꩙",
+  deva: "०१२३४५६७८९",
+  diak: "𑥐𑥑𑥒𑥓𑥔𑥕𑥖𑥗𑥘𑥙",
+  fullwide: "０１２３４５６７８９",
+  gong: "𑶠𑶡𑶢𑶣𑶤𑶥𑶦𑶧𑶨𑶩",
+  gonm: "𑵐𑵑𑵒𑵓𑵔𑵕𑵖𑵗𑵘𑵙",
+  gujr: "૦૧૨૩૪૫૬૭૮૯",
+  guru: "੦੧੨੩੪੫੬੭੮੯",
+  hanidec: "〇一二三四五六七八九",
+  hmng: "𖭐𖭑𖭒𖭓𖭔𖭕𖭖𖭗𖭘𖭙",
+  hmnp: "𞅀𞅁𞅂𞅃𞅄𞅅𞅆𞅇𞅈𞅉",
+  java: "꧐꧑꧒꧓꧔꧕꧖꧗꧘꧙",
+  kali: "꤀꤁꤂꤃꤄꤅꤆꤇꤈꤉",
+  khmr: "០១២៣៤៥៦៧៨៩",
+  knda: "೦೧೨೩೪೫೬೭೮೯",
+  lana: "᪀᪁᪂᪃᪄᪅᪆᪇᪈᪉",
+  lanatham: "᪐᪑᪒᪓᪔᪕᪖᪗᪘᪙",
+  laoo: "໐໑໒໓໔໕໖໗໘໙",
+  latn: "0123456789",
+  lepc: "᱀᱁᱂᱃᱄᱅᱆᱇᱈᱉",
+  limb: "\u1946\u1947\u1948\u1949\u194A\u194B\u194C\u194D\u194E\u194F",
+  mathbold: "𝟎𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟒𝟓𝟔𝟕𝟖𝟗",
+  mathdbl: "𝟘𝟙𝟚𝟛𝟜𝟝𝟞𝟟𝟠𝟡",
+  mathmono: "𝟶𝟷𝟸𝟹𝟺𝟻𝟼𝟽𝟾𝟿",
+  mathsanb: "𝟬𝟭𝟮𝟯𝟰𝟱𝟲𝟳𝟴𝟵",
+  mathsans: "𝟢𝟣𝟤𝟥𝟦𝟧𝟨𝟩𝟪𝟫",
+  mlym: "൦൧൨൩൪൫൬൭൮൯",
+  modi: "𑙐𑙑𑙒𑙓𑙔𑙕𑙖𑙗𑙘𑙙",
+  mong: "᠐᠑᠒᠓᠔᠕᠖᠗᠘᠙",
+  mroo: "𖩠𖩡𖩢𖩣𖩤𖩥𖩦𖩧𖩨𖩩",
+  mtei: "꯰꯱꯲꯳꯴꯵꯶꯷꯸꯹",
+  mymr: "၀၁၂၃၄၅၆၇၈၉",
+  mymrshan: "႐႑႒႓႔႕႖႗႘႙",
+  mymrtlng: "꧰꧱꧲꧳꧴꧵꧶꧷꧸꧹",
+  newa: "𑑐𑑑𑑒𑑓𑑔𑑕𑑖𑑗𑑘𑑙",
+  nkoo: "߀߁߂߃߄߅߆߇߈߉",
+  olck: "᱐᱑᱒᱓᱔᱕᱖᱗᱘᱙",
+  orya: "୦୧୨୩୪୫୬୭୮୯",
+  osma: "𐒠𐒡𐒢𐒣𐒤𐒥𐒦𐒧𐒨𐒩",
+  rohg: "𐴰𐴱𐴲𐴳𐴴𐴵𐴶𐴷𐴸𐴹",
+  saur: "꣐꣑꣒꣓꣔꣕꣖꣗꣘꣙",
+  segment: "🯰🯱🯲🯳🯴🯵🯶🯷🯸🯹",
+  shrd: "𑇐𑇑𑇒𑇓𑇔𑇕𑇖𑇗𑇘𑇙",
+  sind: "𑋰𑋱𑋲𑋳𑋴𑋵𑋶𑋷𑋸𑋹",
+  sinh: "෦෧෨෩෪෫෬෭෮෯",
+  sora: "𑃰𑃱𑃲𑃳𑃴𑃵𑃶𑃷𑃸𑃹",
+  sund: "᮰᮱᮲᮳᮴᮵᮶᮷᮸᮹",
+  takr: "𑛀𑛁𑛂𑛃𑛄𑛅𑛆𑛇𑛈𑛉",
+  talu: "᧐᧑᧒᧓᧔᧕᧖᧗᧘᧙",
+  tamldec: "௦௧௨௩௪௫௬௭௮௯",
+  telu: "౦౧౨౩౪౫౬౭౮౯",
+  thai: "๐๑๒๓๔๕๖๗๘๙",
+  tibt: "༠༡༢༣༤༥༦༧༨༩",
+  tirh: "𑓐𑓑𑓒𑓓𑓔𑓕𑓖𑓗𑓘𑓙",
+  vaii: "꘠꘡꘢꘣꘤꘥꘦꘧꘨꘩",
+  wara: "𑣠𑣡𑣢𑣣𑣤𑣥𑣦𑣧𑣨𑣩",
+  wcho: "𞋰𞋱𞋲𞋳𞋴𞋵𞋶𞋷𞋸𞋹",
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Tests that number formatting is handled correctly. The function checks that the
+ * digit sequences in formatted output are as specified, converted to the
+ * selected numbering system, and embedded in consistent localized patterns.
+ * @param {Array} locales the locales to be tested.
+ * @param {Array} numberingSystems the numbering systems to be tested.
+ * @param {Object} options the options to pass to Intl.NumberFormat. Options
+ *   must include {useGrouping: false}, and must cause 1.1 to be formatted
+ *   pre- and post-decimal digits.
+ * @param {Object} testData maps input data (in ES5 9.3.1 format) to expected output strings
+ *   in unlocalized format with Western digits.
+ */
+
+function testNumberFormat(locales, numberingSystems, options, testData) {
+  locales.forEach(function (locale) {
+    numberingSystems.forEach(function (numbering) {
+      var digits = numberingSystemDigits[numbering];
+      var format = new Intl.NumberFormat([locale + "-u-nu-" + numbering], options);
+
+      function getPatternParts(positive) {
+        var n = positive ? 1.1 : -1.1;
+        var formatted = format.format(n);
+        var oneoneRE = "([^" + digits + "]*)[" + digits + "]+([^" + digits + "]+)[" + digits + "]+([^" + digits + "]*)";
+        var match = formatted.match(new RegExp(oneoneRE));
+        if (match === null) {
+          $ERROR("Unexpected formatted " + n + " for " +
+            format.resolvedOptions().locale + " and options " +
+            JSON.stringify(options) + ": " + formatted);
+        }
+        return match;
+      }
+
+      function toNumbering(raw) {
+        return raw.replace(/[0-9]/g, function (digit) {
+          return digits[digit.charCodeAt(0) - "0".charCodeAt(0)];
+        });
+      }
+
+      function buildExpected(raw, patternParts) {
+        var period = raw.indexOf(".");
+        if (period === -1) {
+          return patternParts[1] + toNumbering(raw) + patternParts[3];
+        } else {
+          return patternParts[1] +
+            toNumbering(raw.substring(0, period)) +
+            patternParts[2] +
+            toNumbering(raw.substring(period + 1)) +
+            patternParts[3];
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (format.resolvedOptions().numberingSystem === numbering) {
+        // figure out prefixes, infixes, suffixes for positive and negative values
+        var posPatternParts = getPatternParts(true);
+        var negPatternParts = getPatternParts(false);
+
+        Object.getOwnPropertyNames(testData).forEach(function (input) {
+          var rawExpected = testData[input];
+          var patternParts;
+          if (rawExpected[0] === "-") {
+            patternParts = negPatternParts;
+            rawExpected = rawExpected.substring(1);
+          } else {
+            patternParts = posPatternParts;
+          }
+          var expected = buildExpected(rawExpected, patternParts);
+          var actual = format.format(input);
+          if (actual !== expected) {
+            $ERROR("Formatted value for " + input + ", " +
+            format.resolvedOptions().locale + " and options " +
+            JSON.stringify(options) + " is " + actual + "; expected " + expected + ".");
+          }
+        });
+      }
+    });
+  });
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Return the components of date-time formats.
+ * @return {Array} an array with all date-time components.
+ */
+
+function getDateTimeComponents() {
+  return ["weekday", "era", "year", "month", "day", "hour", "minute", "second", "timeZoneName"];
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Return the valid values for the given date-time component, as specified
+ * by the table in section 12.1.1.
+ * @param {string} component a date-time component.
+ * @return {Array} an array with the valid values for the component.
+ */
+
+function getDateTimeComponentValues(component) {
+
+  var components = {
+    weekday: ["narrow", "short", "long"],
+    era: ["narrow", "short", "long"],
+    year: ["2-digit", "numeric"],
+    month: ["2-digit", "numeric", "narrow", "short", "long"],
+    day: ["2-digit", "numeric"],
+    hour: ["2-digit", "numeric"],
+    minute: ["2-digit", "numeric"],
+    second: ["2-digit", "numeric"],
+    timeZoneName: ["short", "long"]
+  };
+
+  var result = components[component];
+  if (result === undefined) {
+    $ERROR("Internal error: No values defined for date-time component " + component + ".");
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * @description Tests whether timeZone is a String value representing a
+ * structurally valid and canonicalized time zone name, as defined in
+ * sections 6.4.1 and 6.4.2 of the ECMAScript Internationalization API
+ * Specification.
+ * @param {String} timeZone the string to be tested.
+ * @result {Boolean} whether the test succeeded.
+ */
+
+function isCanonicalizedStructurallyValidTimeZoneName(timeZone) {
+  /**
+   * Regular expression defining IANA Time Zone names.
+   *
+   * Spec: IANA Time Zone Database, Theory file
+   */
+  var fileNameComponent = "(?:[A-Za-z_]|\\.(?!\\.?(?:/|$)))[A-Za-z.\\-_]{0,13}";
+  var fileName = fileNameComponent + "(?:/" + fileNameComponent + ")*";
+  var etcName = "(?:Etc/)?GMT[+-]\\d{1,2}";
+  var systemVName = "SystemV/[A-Z]{3}\\d{1,2}(?:[A-Z]{3})?";
+  var legacyName = etcName + "|" + systemVName + "|CST6CDT|EST5EDT|MST7MDT|PST8PDT|NZ";
+  var zoneNamePattern = new RegExp("^(?:" + fileName + "|" + legacyName + ")$");
+
+  if (typeof timeZone !== "string") {
+    return false;
+  }
+  // 6.4.2 CanonicalizeTimeZoneName (timeZone), step 3
+  if (timeZone === "UTC") {
+    return true;
+  }
+  // 6.4.2 CanonicalizeTimeZoneName (timeZone), step 3
+  if (timeZone === "Etc/UTC" || timeZone === "Etc/GMT") {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return zoneNamePattern.test(timeZone);
+}