Adding upstream version 5.10.209.upstream/5.10.209upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

8 files changed, 8228 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sound/pci/ac97/Makefile b/sound/pci/ac97/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c74e769f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/ac97/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+#
+# Makefile for ALSA
+# Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+#
+
+snd-ac97-codec-y := ac97_codec.o ac97_pcm.o
+snd-ac97-codec-$(CONFIG_SND_PROC_FS) += ac97_proc.o
+
+# Toplevel Module Dependency
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_AC97_CODEC) += snd-ac97-codec.o
diff --git a/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_codec.c b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_codec.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d894dcdf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_codec.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2924 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Universal interface for Audio Codec '97
+ *
+ *  For more details look to AC '97 component specification revision 2.2
+ *  by Intel Corporation (http://developer.intel.com).
+ */
+
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/pci.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+#include <sound/tlv.h>
+#include <sound/ac97_codec.h>
+#include <sound/asoundef.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include "ac97_id.h"
+
+#include "ac97_patch.c"
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Universal interface for Audio Codec '97");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static bool enable_loopback;
+
+module_param(enable_loopback, bool, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable_loopback, "Enable AC97 ADC/DAC Loopback Control");
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_AC97_POWER_SAVE
+static int power_save = CONFIG_SND_AC97_POWER_SAVE_DEFAULT;
+module_param(power_save, int, 0644);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(power_save, "Automatic power-saving timeout "
+		 "(in second, 0 = disable).");
+#endif
+/*
+
+ */
+
+struct ac97_codec_id {
+	unsigned int id;
+	unsigned int mask;
+	const char *name;
+	int (*patch)(struct snd_ac97 *ac97);
+	int (*mpatch)(struct snd_ac97 *ac97);
+	unsigned int flags;
+};
+
+static const struct ac97_codec_id snd_ac97_codec_id_vendors[] = {
+{ 0x41445300, 0xffffff00, "Analog Devices",	NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x414b4d00, 0xffffff00, "Asahi Kasei",	NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x414c4300, 0xffffff00, "Realtek",		NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x414c4700, 0xffffff00, "Realtek",		NULL,	NULL },
+/*
+ * This is an _inofficial_ Aztech Labs entry
+ * (value might differ from unknown official Aztech ID),
+ * currently used by the AC97 emulation of the almost-AC97 PCI168 card.
+ */
+{ 0x415a5400, 0xffffff00, "Aztech Labs (emulated)",	NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x434d4900, 0xffffff00, "C-Media Electronics", NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x43525900, 0xffffff00, "Cirrus Logic",	NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x43585400, 0xffffff00, "Conexant",           NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x44543000, 0xffffff00, "Diamond Technology", NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x454d4300, 0xffffff00, "eMicro",		NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x45838300, 0xffffff00, "ESS Technology",	NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x48525300, 0xffffff00, "Intersil",		NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x49434500, 0xffffff00, "ICEnsemble",		NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x49544500, 0xffffff00, "ITE Tech.Inc",	NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x4e534300, 0xffffff00, "National Semiconductor", NULL, NULL },
+{ 0x50534300, 0xffffff00, "Philips",		NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x53494c00, 0xffffff00, "Silicon Laboratory",	NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x53544d00, 0xffffff00, "STMicroelectronics",	NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x54524100, 0xffffff00, "TriTech",		NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x54584e00, 0xffffff00, "Texas Instruments",	NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x56494100, 0xffffff00, "VIA Technologies",   NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x57454300, 0xffffff00, "Winbond",		NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x574d4c00, 0xffffff00, "Wolfson",		NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x594d4800, 0xffffff00, "Yamaha",		NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0x83847600, 0xffffff00, "SigmaTel",		NULL,	NULL },
+{ 0,	      0, 	  NULL,			NULL,	NULL }
+};
+
+static const struct ac97_codec_id snd_ac97_codec_ids[] = {
+{ 0x41445303, 0xffffffff, "AD1819",		patch_ad1819,	NULL },
+{ 0x41445340, 0xffffffff, "AD1881",		patch_ad1881,	NULL },
+{ 0x41445348, 0xffffffff, "AD1881A",		patch_ad1881,	NULL },
+{ 0x41445360, 0xffffffff, "AD1885",		patch_ad1885,	NULL },
+{ 0x41445361, 0xffffffff, "AD1886",		patch_ad1886,	NULL },
+{ 0x41445362, 0xffffffff, "AD1887",		patch_ad1881,	NULL },
+{ 0x41445363, 0xffffffff, "AD1886A",		patch_ad1881,	NULL },
+{ 0x41445368, 0xffffffff, "AD1888",		patch_ad1888,	NULL },
+{ 0x41445370, 0xffffffff, "AD1980",		patch_ad1980,	NULL },
+{ 0x41445372, 0xffffffff, "AD1981A",		patch_ad1981a,	NULL },
+{ 0x41445374, 0xffffffff, "AD1981B",		patch_ad1981b,	NULL },
+{ 0x41445375, 0xffffffff, "AD1985",		patch_ad1985,	NULL },
+{ 0x41445378, 0xffffffff, "AD1986",		patch_ad1986,	NULL },
+{ 0x414b4d00, 0xffffffff, "AK4540",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x414b4d01, 0xffffffff, "AK4542",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x414b4d02, 0xffffffff, "AK4543",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x414b4d06, 0xffffffff, "AK4544A",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x414b4d07, 0xffffffff, "AK4545",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x414c4300, 0xffffff00, "ALC100,100P", 	NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x414c4710, 0xfffffff0, "ALC200,200P",	NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x414c4721, 0xffffffff, "ALC650D",		NULL,	NULL }, /* already patched */
+{ 0x414c4722, 0xffffffff, "ALC650E",		NULL,	NULL }, /* already patched */
+{ 0x414c4723, 0xffffffff, "ALC650F",		NULL,	NULL }, /* already patched */
+{ 0x414c4720, 0xfffffff0, "ALC650",		patch_alc650,	NULL },
+{ 0x414c4730, 0xffffffff, "ALC101",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x414c4740, 0xfffffff0, "ALC202",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x414c4750, 0xfffffff0, "ALC250",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x414c4760, 0xfffffff0, "ALC655",		patch_alc655,	NULL },
+{ 0x414c4770, 0xfffffff0, "ALC203",		patch_alc203,	NULL },
+{ 0x414c4781, 0xffffffff, "ALC658D",		NULL,	NULL }, /* already patched */
+{ 0x414c4780, 0xfffffff0, "ALC658",		patch_alc655,	NULL },
+{ 0x414c4790, 0xfffffff0, "ALC850",		patch_alc850,	NULL },
+{ 0x415a5401, 0xffffffff, "AZF3328",		patch_aztech_azf3328,	NULL },
+{ 0x434d4941, 0xffffffff, "CMI9738",		patch_cm9738,	NULL },
+{ 0x434d4961, 0xffffffff, "CMI9739",		patch_cm9739,	NULL },
+{ 0x434d4969, 0xffffffff, "CMI9780",		patch_cm9780,	NULL },
+{ 0x434d4978, 0xffffffff, "CMI9761A",		patch_cm9761,	NULL },
+{ 0x434d4982, 0xffffffff, "CMI9761B",		patch_cm9761,	NULL },
+{ 0x434d4983, 0xffffffff, "CMI9761A+",		patch_cm9761,	NULL },
+{ 0x43525900, 0xfffffff8, "CS4297",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x43525910, 0xfffffff8, "CS4297A",		patch_cirrus_spdif,	NULL },
+{ 0x43525920, 0xfffffff8, "CS4298",		patch_cirrus_spdif,		NULL },
+{ 0x43525928, 0xfffffff8, "CS4294",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x43525930, 0xfffffff8, "CS4299",		patch_cirrus_cs4299,	NULL },
+{ 0x43525948, 0xfffffff8, "CS4201",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x43525958, 0xfffffff8, "CS4205",		patch_cirrus_spdif,	NULL },
+{ 0x43525960, 0xfffffff8, "CS4291",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x43525970, 0xfffffff8, "CS4202",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x43585421, 0xffffffff, "HSD11246",		NULL,		NULL },	// SmartMC II
+{ 0x43585428, 0xfffffff8, "Cx20468",		patch_conexant,	NULL }, // SmartAMC fixme: the mask might be different
+{ 0x43585430, 0xffffffff, "Cx20468-31",		patch_conexant, NULL },
+{ 0x43585431, 0xffffffff, "Cx20551",           patch_cx20551,  NULL },
+{ 0x44543031, 0xfffffff0, "DT0398",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x454d4328, 0xffffffff, "EM28028",		NULL,		NULL },  // same as TR28028?
+{ 0x45838308, 0xffffffff, "ESS1988",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x48525300, 0xffffff00, "HMP9701",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x49434501, 0xffffffff, "ICE1230",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x49434511, 0xffffffff, "ICE1232",		NULL,		NULL }, // alias VIA VT1611A?
+{ 0x49434514, 0xffffffff, "ICE1232A",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x49434551, 0xffffffff, "VT1616", 		patch_vt1616,	NULL }, 
+{ 0x49434552, 0xffffffff, "VT1616i",		patch_vt1616,	NULL }, // VT1616 compatible (chipset integrated)
+{ 0x49544520, 0xffffffff, "IT2226E",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x49544561, 0xffffffff, "IT2646E",		patch_it2646,	NULL },
+{ 0x4e534300, 0xffffffff, "LM4540,43,45,46,48",	NULL,		NULL }, // only guess --jk
+{ 0x4e534331, 0xffffffff, "LM4549",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x4e534350, 0xffffffff, "LM4550",		patch_lm4550,  	NULL }, // volume wrap fix 
+{ 0x50534304, 0xffffffff, "UCB1400",		patch_ucb1400,	NULL },
+{ 0x53494c20, 0xffffffe0, "Si3036,8",		mpatch_si3036,	mpatch_si3036, AC97_MODEM_PATCH },
+{ 0x53544d02, 0xffffffff, "ST7597",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x54524102, 0xffffffff, "TR28022",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x54524103, 0xffffffff, "TR28023",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x54524106, 0xffffffff, "TR28026",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x54524108, 0xffffffff, "TR28028",		patch_tritech_tr28028,	NULL }, // added by xin jin [07/09/99]
+{ 0x54524123, 0xffffffff, "TR28602",		NULL,		NULL }, // only guess --jk [TR28023 = eMicro EM28023 (new CT1297)]
+{ 0x54584e03, 0xffffffff, "TLV320AIC27",	NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x54584e20, 0xffffffff, "TLC320AD9xC",	NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x56494120, 0xfffffff0, "VIA1613",		patch_vt1613,	NULL },
+{ 0x56494161, 0xffffffff, "VIA1612A",		NULL,		NULL }, // modified ICE1232 with S/PDIF
+{ 0x56494170, 0xffffffff, "VIA1617A",		patch_vt1617a,	NULL }, // modified VT1616 with S/PDIF
+{ 0x56494182, 0xffffffff, "VIA1618",		patch_vt1618,   NULL },
+{ 0x57454301, 0xffffffff, "W83971D",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x574d4c00, 0xffffffff, "WM9701,WM9701A",	NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x574d4C03, 0xffffffff, "WM9703,WM9707,WM9708,WM9717", patch_wolfson03, NULL},
+{ 0x574d4C04, 0xffffffff, "WM9704M,WM9704Q",	patch_wolfson04, NULL},
+{ 0x574d4C05, 0xffffffff, "WM9705,WM9710",	patch_wolfson05, NULL},
+{ 0x574d4C09, 0xffffffff, "WM9709",		NULL,		NULL},
+{ 0x574d4C12, 0xffffffff, "WM9711,WM9712,WM9715",	patch_wolfson11, NULL},
+{ 0x574d4c13, 0xffffffff, "WM9713,WM9714",	patch_wolfson13, NULL, AC97_DEFAULT_POWER_OFF},
+{ 0x594d4800, 0xffffffff, "YMF743",		patch_yamaha_ymf743,	NULL },
+{ 0x594d4802, 0xffffffff, "YMF752",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x594d4803, 0xffffffff, "YMF753",		patch_yamaha_ymf753,	NULL },
+{ 0x83847600, 0xffffffff, "STAC9700,83,84",	patch_sigmatel_stac9700,	NULL },
+{ 0x83847604, 0xffffffff, "STAC9701,3,4,5",	NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x83847605, 0xffffffff, "STAC9704",		NULL,		NULL },
+{ 0x83847608, 0xffffffff, "STAC9708,11",	patch_sigmatel_stac9708,	NULL },
+{ 0x83847609, 0xffffffff, "STAC9721,23",	patch_sigmatel_stac9721,	NULL },
+{ 0x83847644, 0xffffffff, "STAC9744",		patch_sigmatel_stac9744,	NULL },
+{ 0x83847650, 0xffffffff, "STAC9750,51",	NULL,		NULL },	// patch?
+{ 0x83847652, 0xffffffff, "STAC9752,53",	NULL,		NULL }, // patch?
+{ 0x83847656, 0xffffffff, "STAC9756,57",	patch_sigmatel_stac9756,	NULL },
+{ 0x83847658, 0xffffffff, "STAC9758,59",	patch_sigmatel_stac9758,	NULL },
+{ 0x83847666, 0xffffffff, "STAC9766,67",	NULL,		NULL }, // patch?
+{ 0, 	      0,	  NULL,			NULL,		NULL }
+};
+
+
+static void update_power_regs(struct snd_ac97 *ac97);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_AC97_POWER_SAVE
+#define ac97_is_power_save_mode(ac97) \
+	((ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_POWER_SAVE) && power_save)
+#else
+#define ac97_is_power_save_mode(ac97) 0
+#endif
+
+#define ac97_err(ac97, fmt, args...)	\
+	dev_err((ac97)->bus->card->dev, fmt, ##args)
+#define ac97_warn(ac97, fmt, args...)	\
+	dev_warn((ac97)->bus->card->dev, fmt, ##args)
+#define ac97_dbg(ac97, fmt, args...)	\
+	dev_dbg((ac97)->bus->card->dev, fmt, ##args)
+
+/*
+ *  I/O routines
+ */
+
+static int snd_ac97_valid_reg(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg)
+{
+	/* filter some registers for buggy codecs */
+	switch (ac97->id) {
+	case AC97_ID_ST_AC97_ID4:
+		if (reg == 0x08)
+			return 0;
+		fallthrough;
+	case AC97_ID_ST7597:
+		if (reg == 0x22 || reg == 0x7a)
+			return 1;
+		fallthrough;
+	case AC97_ID_AK4540:
+	case AC97_ID_AK4542:
+		if (reg <= 0x1c || reg == 0x20 || reg == 0x26 || reg >= 0x7c)
+			return 1;
+		return 0;
+	case AC97_ID_AD1819:	/* AD1819 */
+	case AC97_ID_AD1881:	/* AD1881 */
+	case AC97_ID_AD1881A:	/* AD1881A */
+		if (reg >= 0x3a && reg <= 0x6e)	/* 0x59 */
+			return 0;
+		return 1;
+	case AC97_ID_AD1885:	/* AD1885 */
+	case AC97_ID_AD1886:	/* AD1886 */
+	case AC97_ID_AD1886A:	/* AD1886A - !!verify!! --jk */
+	case AC97_ID_AD1887:	/* AD1887 - !!verify!! --jk */
+		if (reg == 0x5a)
+			return 1;
+		if (reg >= 0x3c && reg <= 0x6e)	/* 0x59 */
+			return 0;
+		return 1;
+	case AC97_ID_STAC9700:
+	case AC97_ID_STAC9704:
+	case AC97_ID_STAC9705:
+	case AC97_ID_STAC9708:
+	case AC97_ID_STAC9721:
+	case AC97_ID_STAC9744:
+	case AC97_ID_STAC9756:
+		if (reg <= 0x3a || reg >= 0x5a)
+			return 1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_write - write a value on the given register
+ * @ac97: the ac97 instance
+ * @reg: the register to change
+ * @value: the value to set
+ *
+ * Writes a value on the given register.  This will invoke the write
+ * callback directly after the register check.
+ * This function doesn't change the register cache unlike
+ * #snd_ca97_write_cache(), so use this only when you don't want to
+ * reflect the change to the suspend/resume state.
+ */
+void snd_ac97_write(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg, unsigned short value)
+{
+	if (!snd_ac97_valid_reg(ac97, reg))
+		return;
+	if ((ac97->id & 0xffffff00) == AC97_ID_ALC100) {
+		/* Fix H/W bug of ALC100/100P */
+		if (reg == AC97_MASTER || reg == AC97_HEADPHONE)
+			ac97->bus->ops->write(ac97, AC97_RESET, 0);	/* reset audio codec */
+	}
+	ac97->bus->ops->write(ac97, reg, value);
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_write);
+
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_read - read a value from the given register
+ * 
+ * @ac97: the ac97 instance
+ * @reg: the register to read
+ *
+ * Reads a value from the given register.  This will invoke the read
+ * callback directly after the register check.
+ *
+ * Return: The read value.
+ */
+unsigned short snd_ac97_read(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg)
+{
+	if (!snd_ac97_valid_reg(ac97, reg))
+		return 0;
+	return ac97->bus->ops->read(ac97, reg);
+}
+
+/* read a register - return the cached value if already read */
+static inline unsigned short snd_ac97_read_cache(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg)
+{
+	if (! test_bit(reg, ac97->reg_accessed)) {
+		ac97->regs[reg] = ac97->bus->ops->read(ac97, reg);
+		// set_bit(reg, ac97->reg_accessed);
+	}
+	return ac97->regs[reg];
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_read);
+
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_write_cache - write a value on the given register and update the cache
+ * @ac97: the ac97 instance
+ * @reg: the register to change
+ * @value: the value to set
+ *
+ * Writes a value on the given register and updates the register
+ * cache.  The cached values are used for the cached-read and the
+ * suspend/resume.
+ */
+void snd_ac97_write_cache(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg, unsigned short value)
+{
+	if (!snd_ac97_valid_reg(ac97, reg))
+		return;
+	mutex_lock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+	ac97->regs[reg] = value;
+	ac97->bus->ops->write(ac97, reg, value);
+	set_bit(reg, ac97->reg_accessed);
+	mutex_unlock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_write_cache);
+
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_update - update the value on the given register
+ * @ac97: the ac97 instance
+ * @reg: the register to change
+ * @value: the value to set
+ *
+ * Compares the value with the register cache and updates the value
+ * only when the value is changed.
+ *
+ * Return: 1 if the value is changed, 0 if no change, or a negative
+ * code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_ac97_update(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg, unsigned short value)
+{
+	int change;
+
+	if (!snd_ac97_valid_reg(ac97, reg))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	mutex_lock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+	change = ac97->regs[reg] != value;
+	if (change) {
+		ac97->regs[reg] = value;
+		ac97->bus->ops->write(ac97, reg, value);
+	}
+	set_bit(reg, ac97->reg_accessed);
+	mutex_unlock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+	return change;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_update);
+
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_update_bits - update the bits on the given register
+ * @ac97: the ac97 instance
+ * @reg: the register to change
+ * @mask: the bit-mask to change
+ * @value: the value to set
+ *
+ * Updates the masked-bits on the given register only when the value
+ * is changed.
+ *
+ * Return: 1 if the bits are changed, 0 if no change, or a negative
+ * code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_ac97_update_bits(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg, unsigned short mask, unsigned short value)
+{
+	int change;
+
+	if (!snd_ac97_valid_reg(ac97, reg))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	mutex_lock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+	change = snd_ac97_update_bits_nolock(ac97, reg, mask, value);
+	mutex_unlock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+	return change;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_update_bits);
+
+/* no lock version - see snd_ac97_update_bits() */
+int snd_ac97_update_bits_nolock(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg,
+				unsigned short mask, unsigned short value)
+{
+	int change;
+	unsigned short old, new;
+
+	old = snd_ac97_read_cache(ac97, reg);
+	new = (old & ~mask) | (value & mask);
+	change = old != new;
+	if (change) {
+		ac97->regs[reg] = new;
+		ac97->bus->ops->write(ac97, reg, new);
+	}
+	set_bit(reg, ac97->reg_accessed);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad18xx_update_pcm_bits(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, int codec, unsigned short mask, unsigned short value)
+{
+	int change;
+	unsigned short old, new, cfg;
+
+	mutex_lock(&ac97->page_mutex);
+	old = ac97->spec.ad18xx.pcmreg[codec];
+	new = (old & ~mask) | (value & mask);
+	change = old != new;
+	if (change) {
+		mutex_lock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+		cfg = snd_ac97_read_cache(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG);
+		ac97->spec.ad18xx.pcmreg[codec] = new;
+		/* select single codec */
+		ac97->bus->ops->write(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG,
+				 (cfg & ~0x7000) |
+				 ac97->spec.ad18xx.unchained[codec] | ac97->spec.ad18xx.chained[codec]);
+		/* update PCM bits */
+		ac97->bus->ops->write(ac97, AC97_PCM, new);
+		/* select all codecs */
+		ac97->bus->ops->write(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG,
+				 cfg | 0x7000);
+		mutex_unlock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&ac97->page_mutex);
+	return change;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Controls
+ */
+
+static int snd_ac97_info_enum_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				     struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	struct ac97_enum *e = (struct ac97_enum *)kcontrol->private_value;
+	
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, e->shift_l == e->shift_r ? 1 : 2,
+				 e->mask, e->texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_get_enum_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct ac97_enum *e = (struct ac97_enum *)kcontrol->private_value;
+	unsigned short val, bitmask;
+	
+	for (bitmask = 1; bitmask < e->mask; bitmask <<= 1)
+		;
+	val = snd_ac97_read_cache(ac97, e->reg);
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = (val >> e->shift_l) & (bitmask - 1);
+	if (e->shift_l != e->shift_r)
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[1] = (val >> e->shift_r) & (bitmask - 1);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_put_enum_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct ac97_enum *e = (struct ac97_enum *)kcontrol->private_value;
+	unsigned short val;
+	unsigned short mask, bitmask;
+	
+	for (bitmask = 1; bitmask < e->mask; bitmask <<= 1)
+		;
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] > e->mask - 1)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	val = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] << e->shift_l;
+	mask = (bitmask - 1) << e->shift_l;
+	if (e->shift_l != e->shift_r) {
+		if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[1] > e->mask - 1)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		val |= ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[1] << e->shift_r;
+		mask |= (bitmask - 1) << e->shift_r;
+	}
+	return snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, e->reg, mask, val);
+}
+
+/* save/restore ac97 v2.3 paging */
+static int snd_ac97_page_save(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, int reg, struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol)
+{
+	int page_save = -1;
+	if ((kcontrol->private_value & (1<<25)) &&
+	    (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_REV_MASK) >= AC97_EI_REV_23 &&
+	    (reg >= 0x60 && reg < 0x70)) {
+		unsigned short page = (kcontrol->private_value >> 26) & 0x0f;
+		mutex_lock(&ac97->page_mutex); /* lock paging */
+		page_save = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING) & AC97_PAGE_MASK;
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING, AC97_PAGE_MASK, page);
+	}
+	return page_save;
+}
+
+static void snd_ac97_page_restore(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, int page_save)
+{
+	if (page_save >= 0) {
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING, AC97_PAGE_MASK, page_save);
+		mutex_unlock(&ac97->page_mutex); /* unlock paging */
+	}
+}
+
+/* volume and switch controls */
+static int snd_ac97_info_volsw(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			       struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0x0f;
+	int rshift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 12) & 0x0f;
+
+	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = shift == rshift ? 1 : 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_get_volsw(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0x0f;
+	int rshift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 12) & 0x0f;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0x01;
+	int page_save;
+
+	page_save = snd_ac97_page_save(ac97, reg, kcontrol);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (snd_ac97_read_cache(ac97, reg) >> shift) & mask;
+	if (shift != rshift)
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = (snd_ac97_read_cache(ac97, reg) >> rshift) & mask;
+	if (invert) {
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+		if (shift != rshift)
+			ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[1];
+	}
+	snd_ac97_page_restore(ac97, page_save);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_put_volsw(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0x0f;
+	int rshift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 12) & 0x0f;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0x01;
+	int err, page_save;
+	unsigned short val, val2, val_mask;
+	
+	page_save = snd_ac97_page_save(ac97, reg, kcontrol);
+	val = (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask);
+	if (invert)
+		val = mask - val;
+	val_mask = mask << shift;
+	val = val << shift;
+	if (shift != rshift) {
+		val2 = (ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & mask);
+		if (invert)
+			val2 = mask - val2;
+		val_mask |= mask << rshift;
+		val |= val2 << rshift;
+	}
+	err = snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, reg, val_mask, val);
+	snd_ac97_page_restore(ac97, page_save);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_AC97_POWER_SAVE
+	/* check analog mixer power-down */
+	if ((val_mask & AC97_PD_EAPD) &&
+	    (kcontrol->private_value & (1<<30))) {
+		if (val & AC97_PD_EAPD)
+			ac97->power_up &= ~(1 << (reg>>1));
+		else
+			ac97->power_up |= 1 << (reg>>1);
+		update_power_regs(ac97);
+	}
+#endif
+	return err;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_tone[2] = {
+AC97_SINGLE("Tone Control - Bass", AC97_MASTER_TONE, 8, 15, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Tone Control - Treble", AC97_MASTER_TONE, 0, 15, 1)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_pc_beep[2] = {
+AC97_SINGLE("Beep Playback Switch", AC97_PC_BEEP, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Beep Playback Volume", AC97_PC_BEEP, 1, 15, 1)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_mic_boost =
+	AC97_SINGLE("Mic Boost (+20dB)", AC97_MIC, 6, 1, 0);
+
+
+static const char* std_rec_sel[] = {"Mic", "CD", "Video", "Aux", "Line", "Mix", "Mix Mono", "Phone"};
+static const char* std_3d_path[] = {"pre 3D", "post 3D"};
+static const char* std_mix[] = {"Mix", "Mic"};
+static const char* std_mic[] = {"Mic1", "Mic2"};
+
+static const struct ac97_enum std_enum[] = {
+AC97_ENUM_DOUBLE(AC97_REC_SEL, 8, 0, 8, std_rec_sel),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 15, 2, std_3d_path),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 9, 2, std_mix),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 8, 2, std_mic),
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_control_capture_src = 
+AC97_ENUM("Capture Source", std_enum[0]); 
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_control_capture_vol =
+AC97_DOUBLE("Capture Volume", AC97_REC_GAIN, 8, 0, 15, 0);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_mic_capture[2] = {
+AC97_SINGLE("Mic Capture Switch", AC97_REC_GAIN_MIC, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mic Capture Volume", AC97_REC_GAIN_MIC, 0, 15, 0)
+};
+
+enum {
+	AC97_GENERAL_PCM_OUT = 0,
+	AC97_GENERAL_STEREO_ENHANCEMENT,
+	AC97_GENERAL_3D,
+	AC97_GENERAL_LOUDNESS,
+	AC97_GENERAL_MONO,
+	AC97_GENERAL_MIC,
+	AC97_GENERAL_LOOPBACK
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_general[7] = {
+AC97_ENUM("PCM Out Path & Mute", std_enum[1]),
+AC97_SINGLE("Simulated Stereo Enhancement", AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 14, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("3D Control - Switch", AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 13, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("Loudness (bass boost)", AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 12, 1, 0),
+AC97_ENUM("Mono Output Select", std_enum[2]),
+AC97_ENUM("Mic Select", std_enum[3]),
+AC97_SINGLE("ADC/DAC Loopback", AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 7, 1, 0)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_3d[2] = {
+AC97_SINGLE("3D Control - Center", AC97_3D_CONTROL, 8, 15, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("3D Control - Depth", AC97_3D_CONTROL, 0, 15, 0)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_center[2] = {
+AC97_SINGLE("Center Playback Switch", AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER, 7, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Center Playback Volume", AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER, 0, 31, 1)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_lfe[2] = {
+AC97_SINGLE("LFE Playback Switch", AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("LFE Playback Volume", AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER, 8, 31, 1)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_control_eapd =
+AC97_SINGLE("External Amplifier", AC97_POWERDOWN, 15, 1, 1);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_modem_switches[2] = {
+AC97_SINGLE("Off-hook Switch", AC97_GPIO_STATUS, 0, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("Caller ID Switch", AC97_GPIO_STATUS, 2, 1, 0)
+};
+
+/* change the existing EAPD control as inverted */
+static void set_inv_eapd(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, struct snd_kcontrol *kctl)
+{
+	kctl->private_value = AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(AC97_POWERDOWN, 15, 1, 0);
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, (1<<15), (1<<15)); /* EAPD up */
+	ac97->scaps |= AC97_SCAP_INV_EAPD;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_spdif_mask_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_IEC958;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+                        
+static int snd_ac97_spdif_cmask_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] = IEC958_AES0_PROFESSIONAL |
+					   IEC958_AES0_NONAUDIO |
+					   IEC958_AES0_CON_EMPHASIS_5015 |
+					   IEC958_AES0_CON_NOT_COPYRIGHT;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[1] = IEC958_AES1_CON_CATEGORY |
+					   IEC958_AES1_CON_ORIGINAL;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[3] = IEC958_AES3_CON_FS;
+	return 0;
+}
+                        
+static int snd_ac97_spdif_pmask_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	/* FIXME: AC'97 spec doesn't say which bits are used for what */
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] = IEC958_AES0_PROFESSIONAL |
+					   IEC958_AES0_NONAUDIO |
+					   IEC958_AES0_PRO_FS |
+					   IEC958_AES0_PRO_EMPHASIS_5015;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_spdif_default_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	mutex_lock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] = ac97->spdif_status & 0xff;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[1] = (ac97->spdif_status >> 8) & 0xff;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[2] = (ac97->spdif_status >> 16) & 0xff;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[3] = (ac97->spdif_status >> 24) & 0xff;
+	mutex_unlock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+	return 0;
+}
+                        
+static int snd_ac97_spdif_default_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned int new = 0;
+	unsigned short val = 0;
+	int change;
+
+	new = val = ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] & (IEC958_AES0_PROFESSIONAL|IEC958_AES0_NONAUDIO);
+	if (ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] & IEC958_AES0_PROFESSIONAL) {
+		new |= ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] & (IEC958_AES0_PRO_FS|IEC958_AES0_PRO_EMPHASIS_5015);
+		switch (new & IEC958_AES0_PRO_FS) {
+		case IEC958_AES0_PRO_FS_44100: val |= 0<<12; break;
+		case IEC958_AES0_PRO_FS_48000: val |= 2<<12; break;
+		case IEC958_AES0_PRO_FS_32000: val |= 3<<12; break;
+		default:		       val |= 1<<12; break;
+		}
+		if ((new & IEC958_AES0_PRO_EMPHASIS) == IEC958_AES0_PRO_EMPHASIS_5015)
+			val |= 1<<3;
+	} else {
+		new |= ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] & (IEC958_AES0_CON_EMPHASIS_5015|IEC958_AES0_CON_NOT_COPYRIGHT);
+		new |= ((ucontrol->value.iec958.status[1] & (IEC958_AES1_CON_CATEGORY|IEC958_AES1_CON_ORIGINAL)) << 8);
+		new |= ((ucontrol->value.iec958.status[3] & IEC958_AES3_CON_FS) << 24);
+		if ((new & IEC958_AES0_CON_EMPHASIS) == IEC958_AES0_CON_EMPHASIS_5015)
+			val |= 1<<3;
+		if (!(new & IEC958_AES0_CON_NOT_COPYRIGHT))
+			val |= 1<<2;
+		val |= ((new >> 8) & 0xff) << 4;	// category + original
+		switch ((new >> 24) & 0xff) {
+		case IEC958_AES3_CON_FS_44100: val |= 0<<12; break;
+		case IEC958_AES3_CON_FS_48000: val |= 2<<12; break;
+		case IEC958_AES3_CON_FS_32000: val |= 3<<12; break;
+		default:		       val |= 1<<12; break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	mutex_lock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+	change = ac97->spdif_status != new;
+	ac97->spdif_status = new;
+
+	if (ac97->flags & AC97_CS_SPDIF) {
+		int x = (val >> 12) & 0x03;
+		switch (x) {
+		case 0: x = 1; break;  // 44.1
+		case 2: x = 0; break;  // 48.0
+		default: x = 0; break; // illegal.
+		}
+		change |= snd_ac97_update_bits_nolock(ac97, AC97_CSR_SPDIF, 0x3fff, ((val & 0xcfff) | (x << 12)));
+	} else if (ac97->flags & AC97_CX_SPDIF) {
+		int v;
+		v = new & (IEC958_AES0_CON_EMPHASIS_5015|IEC958_AES0_CON_NOT_COPYRIGHT) ? 0 : AC97_CXR_COPYRGT;
+		v |= new & IEC958_AES0_NONAUDIO ? AC97_CXR_SPDIF_AC3 : AC97_CXR_SPDIF_PCM;
+		change |= snd_ac97_update_bits_nolock(ac97, AC97_CXR_AUDIO_MISC, 
+						      AC97_CXR_SPDIF_MASK | AC97_CXR_COPYRGT,
+						      v);
+	} else if (ac97->id == AC97_ID_YMF743) {
+		change |= snd_ac97_update_bits_nolock(ac97,
+						      AC97_YMF7X3_DIT_CTRL,
+						      0xff38,
+						      ((val << 4) & 0xff00) |
+						      ((val << 2) & 0x0038));
+	} else {
+		unsigned short extst = snd_ac97_read_cache(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS);
+		snd_ac97_update_bits_nolock(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, AC97_EA_SPDIF, 0); /* turn off */
+
+		change |= snd_ac97_update_bits_nolock(ac97, AC97_SPDIF, 0x3fff, val);
+		if (extst & AC97_EA_SPDIF) {
+			snd_ac97_update_bits_nolock(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, AC97_EA_SPDIF, AC97_EA_SPDIF); /* turn on again */
+                }
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+
+	return change;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_put_spsa(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0x0f;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	// int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	unsigned short value, old, new;
+	int change;
+
+	value = (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask);
+
+	mutex_lock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+	mask <<= shift;
+	value <<= shift;
+	old = snd_ac97_read_cache(ac97, reg);
+	new = (old & ~mask) | value;
+	change = old != new;
+
+	if (change) {
+		unsigned short extst = snd_ac97_read_cache(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS);
+		snd_ac97_update_bits_nolock(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, AC97_EA_SPDIF, 0); /* turn off */
+		change = snd_ac97_update_bits_nolock(ac97, reg, mask, value);
+		if (extst & AC97_EA_SPDIF)
+			snd_ac97_update_bits_nolock(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, AC97_EA_SPDIF, AC97_EA_SPDIF); /* turn on again */
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_spdif[5] = {
+	{
+		.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,CON_MASK),
+		.info = snd_ac97_spdif_mask_info,
+		.get = snd_ac97_spdif_cmask_get,
+	},
+	{
+		.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,PRO_MASK),
+		.info = snd_ac97_spdif_mask_info,
+		.get = snd_ac97_spdif_pmask_get,
+	},
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,DEFAULT),
+		.info = snd_ac97_spdif_mask_info,
+		.get = snd_ac97_spdif_default_get,
+		.put = snd_ac97_spdif_default_put,
+	},
+
+	AC97_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,SWITCH),AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, 2, 1, 0),
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,NONE) "AC97-SPSA",
+		.info = snd_ac97_info_volsw,
+		.get = snd_ac97_get_volsw,
+		.put = snd_ac97_put_spsa,
+		.private_value = AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, 4, 3, 0)
+	},
+};
+
+#define AD18XX_PCM_BITS(xname, codec, lshift, rshift, mask) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .info = snd_ac97_ad18xx_pcm_info_bits, \
+  .get = snd_ac97_ad18xx_pcm_get_bits, .put = snd_ac97_ad18xx_pcm_put_bits, \
+  .private_value = (codec) | ((lshift) << 8) | ((rshift) << 12) | ((mask) << 16) }
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad18xx_pcm_info_bits(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x0f;
+	int lshift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0x0f;
+	int rshift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 12) & 0x0f;
+
+	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	if (lshift != rshift && (ac97->flags & AC97_STEREO_MUTES))
+		uinfo->count = 2;
+	else
+		uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad18xx_pcm_get_bits(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int codec = kcontrol->private_value & 3;
+	int lshift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0x0f;
+	int rshift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 12) & 0x0f;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ((ac97->spec.ad18xx.pcmreg[codec] >> lshift) & mask);
+	if (lshift != rshift && (ac97->flags & AC97_STEREO_MUTES))
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = mask - ((ac97->spec.ad18xx.pcmreg[codec] >> rshift) & mask);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad18xx_pcm_put_bits(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int codec = kcontrol->private_value & 3;
+	int lshift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0x0f;
+	int rshift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 12) & 0x0f;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	unsigned short val, valmask;
+	
+	val = (mask - (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask)) << lshift;
+	valmask = mask << lshift;
+	if (lshift != rshift && (ac97->flags & AC97_STEREO_MUTES)) {
+		val |= (mask - (ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & mask)) << rshift;
+		valmask |= mask << rshift;
+	}
+	return snd_ac97_ad18xx_update_pcm_bits(ac97, codec, valmask, val);
+}
+
+#define AD18XX_PCM_VOLUME(xname, codec) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .info = snd_ac97_ad18xx_pcm_info_volume, \
+  .get = snd_ac97_ad18xx_pcm_get_volume, .put = snd_ac97_ad18xx_pcm_put_volume, \
+  .private_value = codec }
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad18xx_pcm_info_volume(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 31;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad18xx_pcm_get_volume(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int codec = kcontrol->private_value & 3;
+	
+	mutex_lock(&ac97->page_mutex);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = 31 - ((ac97->spec.ad18xx.pcmreg[codec] >> 8) & 31);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = 31 - ((ac97->spec.ad18xx.pcmreg[codec] >> 0) & 31);
+	mutex_unlock(&ac97->page_mutex);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad18xx_pcm_put_volume(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int codec = kcontrol->private_value & 3;
+	unsigned short val1, val2;
+	
+	val1 = 31 - (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 31);
+	val2 = 31 - (ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & 31);
+	return snd_ac97_ad18xx_update_pcm_bits(ac97, codec, 0x1f1f, (val1 << 8) | val2);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_pcm[2] = {
+AD18XX_PCM_BITS("PCM Playback Switch", 0, 15, 7, 1),
+AD18XX_PCM_VOLUME("PCM Playback Volume", 0)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_surround[2] = {
+AD18XX_PCM_BITS("Surround Playback Switch", 1, 15, 7, 1),
+AD18XX_PCM_VOLUME("Surround Playback Volume", 1)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_center[2] = {
+AD18XX_PCM_BITS("Center Playback Switch", 2, 15, 15, 1),
+AD18XX_PCM_BITS("Center Playback Volume", 2, 8, 8, 31)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_lfe[2] = {
+AD18XX_PCM_BITS("LFE Playback Switch", 2, 7, 7, 1),
+AD18XX_PCM_BITS("LFE Playback Volume", 2, 0, 0, 31)
+};
+
+/*
+ *
+ */
+
+static void snd_ac97_powerdown(struct snd_ac97 *ac97);
+
+static int snd_ac97_bus_free(struct snd_ac97_bus *bus)
+{
+	if (bus) {
+		snd_ac97_bus_proc_done(bus);
+		kfree(bus->pcms);
+		if (bus->private_free)
+			bus->private_free(bus);
+		kfree(bus);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_bus_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97_bus *bus = device->device_data;
+	return snd_ac97_bus_free(bus);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_free(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	if (ac97) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_AC97_POWER_SAVE
+		cancel_delayed_work_sync(&ac97->power_work);
+#endif
+		snd_ac97_proc_done(ac97);
+		if (ac97->bus)
+			ac97->bus->codec[ac97->num] = NULL;
+		if (ac97->private_free)
+			ac97->private_free(ac97);
+		kfree(ac97);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = device->device_data;
+	snd_ac97_powerdown(ac97); /* for avoiding click noises during shut down */
+	return snd_ac97_free(ac97);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(struct snd_ac97 * ac97, int reg)
+{
+	unsigned short val, mask = AC97_MUTE_MASK_MONO;
+
+	if (! snd_ac97_valid_reg(ac97, reg))
+		return 0;
+
+	switch (reg) {
+	case AC97_MASTER_TONE:
+		return ac97->caps & AC97_BC_BASS_TREBLE ? 1 : 0;
+	case AC97_HEADPHONE:
+		return ac97->caps & AC97_BC_HEADPHONE ? 1 : 0;
+	case AC97_REC_GAIN_MIC:
+		return ac97->caps & AC97_BC_DEDICATED_MIC ? 1 : 0;
+	case AC97_3D_CONTROL:
+		if (ac97->caps & AC97_BC_3D_TECH_ID_MASK) {
+			val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg);
+			/* if nonzero - fixed and we can't set it */
+			return val == 0;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	case AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER:	/* center */
+		if ((ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_CDAC) == 0)
+			return 0;
+		break;
+	case AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER+1:	/* lfe */
+		if ((ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_LDAC) == 0)
+			return 0;
+		reg = AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER;
+		mask = 0x0080;
+		break;
+	case AC97_SURROUND_MASTER:
+		if ((ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SDAC) == 0)
+			return 0;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg);
+	if (!(val & mask)) {
+		/* nothing seems to be here - mute flag is not set */
+		/* try another test */
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, reg, val | mask);
+		val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg);
+		val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg);
+		if (!(val & mask))
+			return 0;	/* nothing here */
+	}
+	return 1;		/* success, useable */
+}
+
+static void check_volume_resolution(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, int reg, unsigned char *lo_max, unsigned char *hi_max)
+{
+	unsigned short cbit[3] = { 0x20, 0x10, 0x01 };
+	unsigned char max[3] = { 63, 31, 15 };
+	int i;
+
+	/* first look up the static resolution table */
+	if (ac97->res_table) {
+		const struct snd_ac97_res_table *tbl;
+		for (tbl = ac97->res_table; tbl->reg; tbl++) {
+			if (tbl->reg == reg) {
+				*lo_max = tbl->bits & 0xff;
+				*hi_max = (tbl->bits >> 8) & 0xff;
+				return;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	*lo_max = *hi_max = 0;
+	for (i = 0 ; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cbit); i++) {
+		unsigned short val;
+		snd_ac97_write(
+			ac97, reg,
+			AC97_MUTE_MASK_STEREO | cbit[i] | (cbit[i] << 8)
+		);
+		/* Do the read twice due to buffers on some ac97 codecs.
+		 * e.g. The STAC9704 returns exactly what you wrote to the register
+		 * if you read it immediately. This causes the detect routine to fail.
+		 */
+		val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg);
+		val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg);
+		if (! *lo_max && (val & 0x7f) == cbit[i])
+			*lo_max = max[i];
+		if (! *hi_max && ((val >> 8) & 0x7f) == cbit[i])
+			*hi_max = max[i];
+		if (*lo_max && *hi_max)
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_try_bit(struct snd_ac97 * ac97, int reg, int bit)
+{
+	unsigned short mask, val, orig, res;
+
+	mask = 1 << bit;
+	orig = snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg);
+	val = orig ^ mask;
+	snd_ac97_write(ac97, reg, val);
+	res = snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, reg, orig);
+	return res == val;
+}
+
+/* check the volume resolution of center/lfe */
+static void snd_ac97_change_volume_params2(struct snd_ac97 * ac97, int reg, int shift, unsigned char *max)
+{
+	unsigned short val, val1;
+
+	*max = 63;
+	val = AC97_MUTE_MASK_STEREO | (0x20 << shift);
+	snd_ac97_write(ac97, reg, val);
+	val1 = snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg);
+	if (val != val1) {
+		*max = 31;
+	}
+	/* reset volume to zero */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, reg, AC97_MUTE_MASK_STEREO);
+}
+
+static inline int printable(unsigned int x)
+{
+	x &= 0xff;
+	if (x < ' ' || x >= 0x71) {
+		if (x <= 0x89)
+			return x - 0x71 + 'A';
+		return '?';
+	}
+	return x;
+}
+
+static struct snd_kcontrol *snd_ac97_cnew(const struct snd_kcontrol_new *_template,
+					  struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol_new template;
+	memcpy(&template, _template, sizeof(template));
+	template.index = ac97->num;
+	return snd_ctl_new1(&template, ac97);
+}
+
+/*
+ * create mute switch(es) for normal stereo controls
+ */
+static int snd_ac97_cmute_new_stereo(struct snd_card *card, char *name, int reg,
+				     int check_stereo, int check_amix,
+				     struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	int err;
+	unsigned short val, val1, mute_mask;
+
+	if (! snd_ac97_valid_reg(ac97, reg))
+		return 0;
+
+	mute_mask = AC97_MUTE_MASK_MONO;
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg);
+	if (check_stereo || (ac97->flags & AC97_STEREO_MUTES)) {
+		/* check whether both mute bits work */
+		val1 = val | AC97_MUTE_MASK_STEREO;
+		snd_ac97_write(ac97, reg, val1);
+		if (val1 == snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg))
+			mute_mask = AC97_MUTE_MASK_STEREO;
+	}
+	if (mute_mask == AC97_MUTE_MASK_STEREO) {
+		struct snd_kcontrol_new tmp = AC97_DOUBLE(name, reg, 15, 7, 1, 1);
+		if (check_amix)
+			tmp.private_value |= (1 << 30);
+		tmp.index = ac97->num;
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&tmp, ac97);
+	} else {
+		struct snd_kcontrol_new tmp = AC97_SINGLE(name, reg, 15, 1, 1);
+		if (check_amix)
+			tmp.private_value |= (1 << 30);
+		tmp.index = ac97->num;
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&tmp, ac97);
+	}
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	/* mute as default */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, reg, val | mute_mask);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * set dB information
+ */
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_4bit, -4500, 300, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_5bit, -4650, 150, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_6bit, -9450, 150, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_5bit_12db_max, -3450, 150, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_rec_gain, 0, 150, 0);
+
+static const unsigned int *find_db_scale(unsigned int maxval)
+{
+	switch (maxval) {
+	case 0x0f: return db_scale_4bit;
+	case 0x1f: return db_scale_5bit;
+	case 0x3f: return db_scale_6bit;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void set_tlv_db_scale(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, const unsigned int *tlv)
+{
+	kctl->tlv.p = tlv;
+	if (tlv)
+		kctl->vd[0].access |= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ;
+}
+
+/*
+ * create a volume for normal stereo/mono controls
+ */
+static int snd_ac97_cvol_new(struct snd_card *card, char *name, int reg, unsigned int lo_max,
+			     unsigned int hi_max, struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+
+	if (! snd_ac97_valid_reg(ac97, reg))
+		return 0;
+	if (hi_max) {
+		/* invert */
+		struct snd_kcontrol_new tmp = AC97_DOUBLE(name, reg, 8, 0, lo_max, 1);
+		tmp.index = ac97->num;
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&tmp, ac97);
+	} else {
+		/* invert */
+		struct snd_kcontrol_new tmp = AC97_SINGLE(name, reg, 0, lo_max, 1);
+		tmp.index = ac97->num;
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&tmp, ac97);
+	}
+	if (!kctl)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	if (reg >= AC97_PHONE && reg <= AC97_PCM)
+		set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, db_scale_5bit_12db_max);
+	else
+		set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, find_db_scale(lo_max));
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(
+		ac97, reg,
+		(snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg) & AC97_MUTE_MASK_STEREO)
+		| lo_max | (hi_max << 8)
+	);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * create a mute-switch and a volume for normal stereo/mono controls
+ */
+static int snd_ac97_cmix_new_stereo(struct snd_card *card, const char *pfx,
+				    int reg, int check_stereo, int check_amix,
+				    struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+	char name[SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ID_NAME_MAXLEN];
+	unsigned char lo_max, hi_max;
+
+	if (! snd_ac97_valid_reg(ac97, reg))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, reg, 15)) {
+		sprintf(name, "%s Switch", pfx);
+		if ((err = snd_ac97_cmute_new_stereo(card, name, reg,
+						     check_stereo, check_amix,
+						     ac97)) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	check_volume_resolution(ac97, reg, &lo_max, &hi_max);
+	if (lo_max) {
+		sprintf(name, "%s Volume", pfx);
+		if ((err = snd_ac97_cvol_new(card, name, reg, lo_max, hi_max, ac97)) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, pfx, reg, acheck, ac97) \
+	snd_ac97_cmix_new_stereo(card, pfx, reg, 0, acheck, ac97)
+#define snd_ac97_cmute_new(card, name, reg, acheck, ac97) \
+	snd_ac97_cmute_new_stereo(card, name, reg, 0, acheck, ac97)
+
+static unsigned int snd_ac97_determine_spdif_rates(struct snd_ac97 *ac97);
+
+static int snd_ac97_mixer_build(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = ac97->bus->card;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	int err;
+	unsigned int idx;
+	unsigned char max;
+
+	/* build master controls */
+	/* AD claims to remove this control from AD1887, although spec v2.2 does not allow this */
+	if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_MASTER)) {
+		if (ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_MASTER_VOL)
+			err = snd_ac97_cmute_new(card, "Master Playback Switch",
+						 AC97_MASTER, 0, ac97);
+		else
+			err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Master Playback",
+						AC97_MASTER, 0, ac97);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	ac97->regs[AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER] = AC97_MUTE_MASK_STEREO;
+
+	/* build center controls */
+	if ((snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER)) 
+		&& !(ac97->flags & AC97_AD_MULTI)) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_center[0], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_center[1], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+		snd_ac97_change_volume_params2(ac97, AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER, 0, &max);
+		kctl->private_value &= ~(0xff << 16);
+		kctl->private_value |= (int)max << 16;
+		set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, find_db_scale(max));
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER, ac97->regs[AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER] | max);
+	}
+
+	/* build LFE controls */
+	if ((snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER+1))
+		&& !(ac97->flags & AC97_AD_MULTI)) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_lfe[0], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_lfe[1], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+		snd_ac97_change_volume_params2(ac97, AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER, 8, &max);
+		kctl->private_value &= ~(0xff << 16);
+		kctl->private_value |= (int)max << 16;
+		set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, find_db_scale(max));
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER, ac97->regs[AC97_CENTER_LFE_MASTER] | max << 8);
+	}
+
+	/* build surround controls */
+	if ((snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_SURROUND_MASTER)) 
+		&& !(ac97->flags & AC97_AD_MULTI)) {
+		/* Surround Master (0x38) is with stereo mutes */
+		if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new_stereo(card, "Surround Playback",
+						    AC97_SURROUND_MASTER, 1, 0,
+						    ac97)) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* build headphone controls */
+	if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_HEADPHONE)) {
+		if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Headphone Playback",
+					     AC97_HEADPHONE, 0, ac97)) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	
+	/* build master mono controls */
+	if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_MASTER_MONO)) {
+		if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Master Mono Playback",
+					     AC97_MASTER_MONO, 0, ac97)) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	
+	/* build master tone controls */
+	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_TONE)) {
+		if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_MASTER_TONE)) {
+			for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++) {
+				if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_tone[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+					return err;
+				if (ac97->id == AC97_ID_YMF743 ||
+				    ac97->id == AC97_ID_YMF753) {
+					kctl->private_value &= ~(0xff << 16);
+					kctl->private_value |= 7 << 16;
+				}
+			}
+			snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_MASTER_TONE, 0x0f0f);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/* build Beep controls */
+	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_PC_BEEP) && 
+		((ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_PC_BEEP) ||
+	    snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_PC_BEEP))) {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++)
+			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_pc_beep[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+				return err;
+		set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, db_scale_4bit);
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(
+			ac97,
+			AC97_PC_BEEP,
+			(snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_PC_BEEP)
+				| AC97_MUTE_MASK_MONO | 0x001e)
+		);
+	}
+	
+	/* build Phone controls */
+	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_PHONE)) {
+		if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_PHONE)) {
+			if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Phone Playback",
+						     AC97_PHONE, 1, ac97)) < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/* build MIC controls */
+	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_MIC)) {
+		if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_MIC)) {
+			if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Mic Playback",
+						     AC97_MIC, 1, ac97)) < 0)
+				return err;
+			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_mic_boost, ac97))) < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* build Line controls */
+	if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_LINE)) {
+		if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Line Playback",
+					     AC97_LINE, 1, ac97)) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	
+	/* build CD controls */
+	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_CD)) {
+		if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_CD)) {
+			if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "CD Playback",
+						     AC97_CD, 1, ac97)) < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/* build Video controls */
+	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_VIDEO)) {
+		if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_VIDEO)) {
+			if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Video Playback",
+						     AC97_VIDEO, 1, ac97)) < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* build Aux controls */
+	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_AUX)) {
+		if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_AUX)) {
+			if ((err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "Aux Playback",
+						     AC97_AUX, 1, ac97)) < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* build PCM controls */
+	if (ac97->flags & AC97_AD_MULTI) {
+		unsigned short init_val;
+		if (ac97->flags & AC97_STEREO_MUTES)
+			init_val = 0x9f9f;
+		else
+			init_val = 0x9f1f;
+		for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++)
+			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_pcm[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+				return err;
+		set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, db_scale_5bit);
+		ac97->spec.ad18xx.pcmreg[0] = init_val;
+		if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SURROUND_DAC) {
+			for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++)
+				if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_surround[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+					return err;
+			set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, db_scale_5bit);
+			ac97->spec.ad18xx.pcmreg[1] = init_val;
+		}
+		if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_CENTER_LFE_DAC) {
+			for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++)
+				if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_center[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+					return err;
+			set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, db_scale_5bit);
+			for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++)
+				if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_ad18xx_lfe[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+					return err;
+			set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, db_scale_5bit);
+			ac97->spec.ad18xx.pcmreg[2] = init_val;
+		}
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_PCM, init_val);
+	} else {
+		if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_STD_PCM)) {
+			if (ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_PCM_VOL)
+				err = snd_ac97_cmute_new(card,
+							 "PCM Playback Switch",
+							 AC97_PCM, 0, ac97);
+			else
+				err = snd_ac97_cmix_new(card, "PCM Playback",
+							AC97_PCM, 0, ac97);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* build Capture controls */
+	if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_HAS_NO_REC_GAIN)) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_control_capture_src, ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+		if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN, 15)) {
+			err = snd_ac97_cmute_new(card, "Capture Switch",
+						 AC97_REC_GAIN, 0, ac97);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_control_capture_vol, ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+		set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, db_scale_rec_gain);
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_REC_SEL, 0x0000);
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN, 0x0000);
+	}
+	/* build MIC Capture controls */
+	if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN_MIC)) {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++)
+			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_mic_capture[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+				return err;
+		set_tlv_db_scale(kctl, db_scale_rec_gain);
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN_MIC, 0x0000);
+	}
+
+	/* build PCM out path & mute control */
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 15)) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_PCM_OUT], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* build Simulated Stereo Enhancement control */
+	if (ac97->caps & AC97_BC_SIM_STEREO) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_STEREO_ENHANCEMENT], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* build 3D Stereo Enhancement control */
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 13)) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_3D], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* build Loudness control */
+	if (ac97->caps & AC97_BC_LOUDNESS) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_LOUDNESS], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* build Mono output select control */
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 9)) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_MONO], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* build Mic select control */
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 8)) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_MIC], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* build ADC/DAC loopback control */
+	if (enable_loopback && snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 7)) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_general[AC97_GENERAL_LOOPBACK], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, ~AC97_GP_DRSS_MASK, 0x0000);
+
+	/* build 3D controls */
+	if (ac97->build_ops->build_3d) {
+		ac97->build_ops->build_3d(ac97);
+	} else {
+		if (snd_ac97_try_volume_mix(ac97, AC97_3D_CONTROL)) {
+			unsigned short val;
+			val = 0x0707;
+			snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_3D_CONTROL, val);
+			val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_3D_CONTROL);
+			val = val == 0x0606;
+			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[0], ac97))) < 0)
+				return err;
+			if (val)
+				kctl->private_value = AC97_3D_CONTROL | (9 << 8) | (7 << 16);
+			if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[1], ac97))) < 0)
+				return err;
+			if (val)
+				kctl->private_value = AC97_3D_CONTROL | (1 << 8) | (7 << 16);
+			snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_3D_CONTROL, 0x0000);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* build S/PDIF controls */
+
+	/* Hack for ASUS P5P800-VM, which does not indicate S/PDIF capability */
+	if (ac97->subsystem_vendor == 0x1043 &&
+	    ac97->subsystem_device == 0x810f)
+		ac97->ext_id |= AC97_EI_SPDIF;
+
+	if ((ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF) && !(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_NO_SPDIF)) {
+		if (ac97->build_ops->build_spdif) {
+			if ((err = ac97->build_ops->build_spdif(ac97)) < 0)
+				return err;
+		} else {
+			for (idx = 0; idx < 5; idx++)
+				if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_spdif[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+					return err;
+			if (ac97->build_ops->build_post_spdif) {
+				if ((err = ac97->build_ops->build_post_spdif(ac97)) < 0)
+					return err;
+			}
+			/* set default PCM S/PDIF params */
+			/* consumer,PCM audio,no copyright,no preemphasis,PCM coder,original,48000Hz */
+			snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SPDIF, 0x2a20);
+			ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_SPDIF] = snd_ac97_determine_spdif_rates(ac97);
+		}
+		ac97->spdif_status = SNDRV_PCM_DEFAULT_CON_SPDIF;
+	}
+	
+	/* build chip specific controls */
+	if (ac97->build_ops->build_specific)
+		if ((err = ac97->build_ops->build_specific(ac97)) < 0)
+			return err;
+
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, 15)) {
+		kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_control_eapd, ac97);
+		if (! kctl)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_INV_EAPD)
+			set_inv_eapd(ac97, kctl);
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_modem_build(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int err, idx;
+
+	/*
+	ac97_dbg(ac97, "AC97_GPIO_CFG = %x\n",
+	       snd_ac97_read(ac97,AC97_GPIO_CFG));
+	*/
+	snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_GPIO_CFG, 0xffff & ~(AC97_GPIO_LINE1_OH));
+	snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_GPIO_POLARITY, 0xffff & ~(AC97_GPIO_LINE1_OH));
+	snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_GPIO_STICKY, 0xffff);
+	snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_GPIO_WAKEUP, 0x0);
+	snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_MISC_AFE, 0x0);
+
+	/* build modem switches */
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_modem_switches); idx++)
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ac97_controls_modem_switches[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+
+	/* build chip specific controls */
+	if (ac97->build_ops->build_specific)
+		if ((err = ac97->build_ops->build_specific(ac97)) < 0)
+			return err;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_test_rate(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, int reg, int shadow_reg, int rate)
+{
+	unsigned short val;
+	unsigned int tmp;
+
+	tmp = ((unsigned int)rate * ac97->bus->clock) / 48000;
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, reg, tmp & 0xffff);
+	if (shadow_reg)
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, shadow_reg, tmp & 0xffff);
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg);
+	return val == (tmp & 0xffff);
+}
+
+static void snd_ac97_determine_rates(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, int reg, int shadow_reg, unsigned int *r_result)
+{
+	unsigned int result = 0;
+	unsigned short saved;
+
+	if (ac97->bus->no_vra) {
+		*r_result = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000;
+		if ((ac97->flags & AC97_DOUBLE_RATE) &&
+		    reg == AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE)
+			*r_result |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	saved = snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg);
+	if ((ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_DRA) && reg == AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE)
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS,
+				     AC97_EA_DRA, 0);
+	/* test a non-standard rate */
+	if (snd_ac97_test_rate(ac97, reg, shadow_reg, 11000))
+		result |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS;
+	/* let's try to obtain standard rates */
+	if (snd_ac97_test_rate(ac97, reg, shadow_reg, 8000))
+		result |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000;
+	if (snd_ac97_test_rate(ac97, reg, shadow_reg, 11025))
+		result |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_11025;
+	if (snd_ac97_test_rate(ac97, reg, shadow_reg, 16000))
+		result |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_16000;
+	if (snd_ac97_test_rate(ac97, reg, shadow_reg, 22050))
+		result |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_22050;
+	if (snd_ac97_test_rate(ac97, reg, shadow_reg, 32000))
+		result |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_32000;
+	if (snd_ac97_test_rate(ac97, reg, shadow_reg, 44100))
+		result |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_44100;
+	if (snd_ac97_test_rate(ac97, reg, shadow_reg, 48000))
+		result |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000;
+	if ((ac97->flags & AC97_DOUBLE_RATE) &&
+	    reg == AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE) {
+		/* test standard double rates */
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS,
+				     AC97_EA_DRA, AC97_EA_DRA);
+		if (snd_ac97_test_rate(ac97, reg, shadow_reg, 64000 / 2))
+			result |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_64000;
+		if (snd_ac97_test_rate(ac97, reg, shadow_reg, 88200 / 2))
+			result |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_88200;
+		if (snd_ac97_test_rate(ac97, reg, shadow_reg, 96000 / 2))
+			result |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000;
+		/* some codecs don't support variable double rates */
+		if (!snd_ac97_test_rate(ac97, reg, shadow_reg, 76100 / 2))
+			result &= ~SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS;
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS,
+				     AC97_EA_DRA, 0);
+	}
+	/* restore the default value */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, reg, saved);
+	if (shadow_reg)
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, shadow_reg, saved);
+	*r_result = result;
+}
+
+/* check AC97_SPDIF register to accept which sample rates */
+static unsigned int snd_ac97_determine_spdif_rates(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	unsigned int result = 0;
+	int i;
+	static const unsigned short ctl_bits[] = {
+		AC97_SC_SPSR_44K, AC97_SC_SPSR_32K, AC97_SC_SPSR_48K
+	};
+	static const unsigned int rate_bits[] = {
+		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_44100, SNDRV_PCM_RATE_32000, SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000
+	};
+
+	for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(ctl_bits); i++) {
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_SPDIF, AC97_SC_SPSR_MASK, ctl_bits[i]);
+		if ((snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_SPDIF) & AC97_SC_SPSR_MASK) == ctl_bits[i])
+			result |= rate_bits[i];
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+/* look for the codec id table matching with the given id */
+static const struct ac97_codec_id *look_for_codec_id(const struct ac97_codec_id *table,
+						     unsigned int id)
+{
+	const struct ac97_codec_id *pid;
+
+	for (pid = table; pid->id; pid++)
+		if (pid->id == (id & pid->mask))
+			return pid;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void snd_ac97_get_name(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned int id, char *name, int modem)
+{
+	const struct ac97_codec_id *pid;
+
+	sprintf(name, "0x%x %c%c%c", id,
+		printable(id >> 24),
+		printable(id >> 16),
+		printable(id >> 8));
+	pid = look_for_codec_id(snd_ac97_codec_id_vendors, id);
+	if (! pid)
+		return;
+
+	strcpy(name, pid->name);
+	if (ac97 && pid->patch) {
+		if ((modem && (pid->flags & AC97_MODEM_PATCH)) ||
+		    (! modem && ! (pid->flags & AC97_MODEM_PATCH)))
+			pid->patch(ac97);
+	} 
+
+	pid = look_for_codec_id(snd_ac97_codec_ids, id);
+	if (pid) {
+		strcat(name, " ");
+		strcat(name, pid->name);
+		if (pid->mask != 0xffffffff)
+			sprintf(name + strlen(name), " rev %d", id & ~pid->mask);
+		if (ac97 && pid->patch) {
+			if ((modem && (pid->flags & AC97_MODEM_PATCH)) ||
+			    (! modem && ! (pid->flags & AC97_MODEM_PATCH)))
+				pid->patch(ac97);
+		}
+	} else
+		sprintf(name + strlen(name), " id %x", id & 0xff);
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_get_short_name - retrieve codec name
+ * @ac97: the codec instance
+ *
+ * Return: The short identifying name of the codec.
+ */
+const char *snd_ac97_get_short_name(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	const struct ac97_codec_id *pid;
+
+	for (pid = snd_ac97_codec_ids; pid->id; pid++)
+		if (pid->id == (ac97->id & pid->mask))
+			return pid->name;
+	return "unknown codec";
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_get_short_name);
+
+/* wait for a while until registers are accessible after RESET
+ * return 0 if ok, negative not ready
+ */
+static int ac97_reset_wait(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, int timeout, int with_modem)
+{
+	unsigned long end_time;
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	end_time = jiffies + timeout;
+	do {
+		
+		/* use preliminary reads to settle the communication */
+		snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_RESET);
+		snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_VENDOR_ID1);
+		snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_VENDOR_ID2);
+		/* modem? */
+		if (with_modem) {
+			val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MID);
+			if (val != 0xffff && (val & 1) != 0)
+				return 0;
+		}
+		if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_DETECT_BY_VENDOR) {
+			/* probably only Xbox issue - all registers are read as zero */
+			val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_VENDOR_ID1);
+			if (val != 0 && val != 0xffff)
+				return 0;
+		} else {
+			/* because the PCM or MASTER volume registers can be modified,
+			 * the REC_GAIN register is used for tests
+			 */
+			/* test if we can write to the record gain volume register */
+			snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN, 0x8a05);
+			if ((snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN) & 0x7fff) == 0x0a05)
+				return 0;
+		}
+		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+	} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
+	return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_bus - create an AC97 bus component
+ * @card: the card instance
+ * @num: the bus number
+ * @ops: the bus callbacks table
+ * @private_data: private data pointer for the new instance
+ * @rbus: the pointer to store the new AC97 bus instance.
+ *
+ * Creates an AC97 bus component.  An struct snd_ac97_bus instance is newly
+ * allocated and initialized.
+ *
+ * The ops table must include valid callbacks (at least read and
+ * write).  The other callbacks, wait and reset, are not mandatory.
+ * 
+ * The clock is set to 48000.  If another clock is needed, set
+ * ``(*rbus)->clock`` manually.
+ *
+ * The AC97 bus instance is registered as a low-level device, so you don't
+ * have to release it manually.
+ *
+ * Return: Zero if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_ac97_bus(struct snd_card *card, int num,
+		 const struct snd_ac97_bus_ops *ops,
+		 void *private_data, struct snd_ac97_bus **rbus)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct snd_ac97_bus *bus;
+	static const struct snd_device_ops dev_ops = {
+		.dev_free =	snd_ac97_bus_dev_free,
+	};
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	bus = kzalloc(sizeof(*bus), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (bus == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	bus->card = card;
+	bus->num = num;
+	bus->ops = ops;
+	bus->private_data = private_data;
+	bus->clock = 48000;
+	spin_lock_init(&bus->bus_lock);
+	snd_ac97_bus_proc_init(bus);
+	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_BUS, bus, &dev_ops)) < 0) {
+		snd_ac97_bus_free(bus);
+		return err;
+	}
+	if (rbus)
+		*rbus = bus;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_bus);
+
+/* stop no dev release warning */
+static void ac97_device_release(struct device * dev)
+{
+}
+
+/* register ac97 codec to bus */
+static int snd_ac97_dev_register(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = device->device_data;
+	int err;
+
+	ac97->dev.bus = &ac97_bus_type;
+	ac97->dev.parent = ac97->bus->card->dev;
+	ac97->dev.release = ac97_device_release;
+	dev_set_name(&ac97->dev, "%d-%d:%s",
+		     ac97->bus->card->number, ac97->num,
+		     snd_ac97_get_short_name(ac97));
+	if ((err = device_register(&ac97->dev)) < 0) {
+		ac97_err(ac97, "Can't register ac97 bus\n");
+		put_device(&ac97->dev);
+		ac97->dev.bus = NULL;
+		return err;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* disconnect ac97 codec */
+static int snd_ac97_dev_disconnect(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = device->device_data;
+	if (ac97->dev.bus)
+		device_unregister(&ac97->dev);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* build_ops to do nothing */
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops null_build_ops;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_AC97_POWER_SAVE
+static void do_update_power(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	update_power_regs(
+		container_of(work, struct snd_ac97, power_work.work));
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_mixer - create an Codec97 component
+ * @bus: the AC97 bus which codec is attached to
+ * @template: the template of ac97, including index, callbacks and
+ *         the private data.
+ * @rac97: the pointer to store the new ac97 instance.
+ *
+ * Creates an Codec97 component.  An struct snd_ac97 instance is newly
+ * allocated and initialized from the template.  The codec
+ * is then initialized by the standard procedure.
+ *
+ * The template must include the codec number (num) and address (addr),
+ * and the private data (private_data).
+ * 
+ * The ac97 instance is registered as a low-level device, so you don't
+ * have to release it manually.
+ *
+ * Return: Zero if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_ac97_mixer(struct snd_ac97_bus *bus, struct snd_ac97_template *template, struct snd_ac97 **rac97)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	char name[64];
+	unsigned long end_time;
+	unsigned int reg;
+	const struct ac97_codec_id *pid;
+	static const struct snd_device_ops ops = {
+		.dev_free =	snd_ac97_dev_free,
+		.dev_register =	snd_ac97_dev_register,
+		.dev_disconnect =	snd_ac97_dev_disconnect,
+	};
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!bus || !template || !rac97))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	*rac97 = NULL;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(template->num >= 4))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (bus->codec[template->num])
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	card = bus->card;
+	ac97 = kzalloc(sizeof(*ac97), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (ac97 == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	ac97->private_data = template->private_data;
+	ac97->private_free = template->private_free;
+	ac97->bus = bus;
+	ac97->pci = template->pci;
+	ac97->num = template->num;
+	ac97->addr = template->addr;
+	ac97->scaps = template->scaps;
+	ac97->res_table = template->res_table;
+	bus->codec[ac97->num] = ac97;
+	mutex_init(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+	mutex_init(&ac97->page_mutex);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_AC97_POWER_SAVE
+	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&ac97->power_work, do_update_power);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PCI
+	if (ac97->pci) {
+		pci_read_config_word(ac97->pci, PCI_SUBSYSTEM_VENDOR_ID, &ac97->subsystem_vendor);
+		pci_read_config_word(ac97->pci, PCI_SUBSYSTEM_ID, &ac97->subsystem_device);
+	}
+#endif
+	if (bus->ops->reset) {
+		bus->ops->reset(ac97);
+		goto __access_ok;
+	}
+
+	ac97->id = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_VENDOR_ID1) << 16;
+	ac97->id |= snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_VENDOR_ID2);
+	if (ac97->id && ac97->id != (unsigned int)-1) {
+		pid = look_for_codec_id(snd_ac97_codec_ids, ac97->id);
+		if (pid && (pid->flags & AC97_DEFAULT_POWER_OFF))
+			goto __access_ok;
+	}
+
+	/* reset to defaults */
+	if (!(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SKIP_AUDIO))
+		snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_RESET, 0);
+	if (!(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SKIP_MODEM))
+		snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MID, 0);
+	if (bus->ops->wait)
+		bus->ops->wait(ac97);
+	else {
+		udelay(50);
+		if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SKIP_AUDIO)
+			err = ac97_reset_wait(ac97, msecs_to_jiffies(500), 1);
+		else {
+			err = ac97_reset_wait(ac97, msecs_to_jiffies(500), 0);
+			if (err < 0)
+				err = ac97_reset_wait(ac97,
+						      msecs_to_jiffies(500), 1);
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			ac97_warn(ac97, "AC'97 %d does not respond - RESET\n",
+				 ac97->num);
+			/* proceed anyway - it's often non-critical */
+		}
+	}
+      __access_ok:
+	ac97->id = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_VENDOR_ID1) << 16;
+	ac97->id |= snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_VENDOR_ID2);
+	if (! (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_DETECT_BY_VENDOR) &&
+	    (ac97->id == 0x00000000 || ac97->id == 0xffffffff)) {
+		ac97_err(ac97,
+			 "AC'97 %d access is not valid [0x%x], removing mixer.\n",
+			 ac97->num, ac97->id);
+		snd_ac97_free(ac97);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	pid = look_for_codec_id(snd_ac97_codec_ids, ac97->id);
+	if (pid)
+		ac97->flags |= pid->flags;
+	
+	/* test for AC'97 */
+	if (!(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SKIP_AUDIO) && !(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_AUDIO)) {
+		/* test if we can write to the record gain volume register */
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN, 0x8a06);
+		if (((err = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN)) & 0x7fff) == 0x0a06)
+			ac97->scaps |= AC97_SCAP_AUDIO;
+	}
+	if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_AUDIO) {
+		ac97->caps = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_RESET);
+		ac97->ext_id = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_ID);
+		if (ac97->ext_id == 0xffff)	/* invalid combination */
+			ac97->ext_id = 0;
+	}
+
+	/* test for MC'97 */
+	if (!(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SKIP_MODEM) && !(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_MODEM)) {
+		ac97->ext_mid = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MID);
+		if (ac97->ext_mid == 0xffff)	/* invalid combination */
+			ac97->ext_mid = 0;
+		if (ac97->ext_mid & 1)
+			ac97->scaps |= AC97_SCAP_MODEM;
+	}
+
+	if (!ac97_is_audio(ac97) && !ac97_is_modem(ac97)) {
+		if (!(ac97->scaps & (AC97_SCAP_SKIP_AUDIO|AC97_SCAP_SKIP_MODEM)))
+			ac97_err(ac97,
+				 "AC'97 %d access error (not audio or modem codec)\n",
+				 ac97->num);
+		snd_ac97_free(ac97);
+		return -EACCES;
+	}
+
+	if (bus->ops->reset) // FIXME: always skipping?
+		goto __ready_ok;
+
+	/* FIXME: add powerdown control */
+	if (ac97_is_audio(ac97)) {
+		/* nothing should be in powerdown mode */
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, 0);
+		if (! (ac97->flags & AC97_DEFAULT_POWER_OFF)) {
+			snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_RESET, 0); /* reset to defaults */
+			udelay(100);
+			snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, 0);
+		}
+		/* nothing should be in powerdown mode */
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 0);
+		end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(5000);
+		do {
+			if ((snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN) & 0x0f) == 0x0f)
+				goto __ready_ok;
+			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+		} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
+		ac97_warn(ac97,
+			  "AC'97 %d analog subsections not ready\n", ac97->num);
+	}
+
+	/* FIXME: add powerdown control */
+	if (ac97_is_modem(ac97)) {
+		unsigned char tmp;
+
+		/* nothing should be in powerdown mode */
+		/* note: it's important to set the rate at first */
+		tmp = AC97_MEA_GPIO;
+		if (ac97->ext_mid & AC97_MEI_LINE1) {
+			snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_LINE1_RATE, 8000);
+			tmp |= AC97_MEA_ADC1 | AC97_MEA_DAC1;
+		}
+		if (ac97->ext_mid & AC97_MEI_LINE2) {
+			snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_LINE2_RATE, 8000);
+			tmp |= AC97_MEA_ADC2 | AC97_MEA_DAC2;
+		}
+		if (ac97->ext_mid & AC97_MEI_HANDSET) {
+			snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_HANDSET_RATE, 8000);
+			tmp |= AC97_MEA_HADC | AC97_MEA_HDAC;
+		}
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MSTATUS, 0);
+		udelay(100);
+		/* nothing should be in powerdown mode */
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MSTATUS, 0);
+		end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(100);
+		do {
+			if ((snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MSTATUS) & tmp) == tmp)
+				goto __ready_ok;
+			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+		} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
+		ac97_warn(ac97,
+			  "MC'97 %d converters and GPIO not ready (0x%x)\n",
+			  ac97->num,
+			  snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MSTATUS));
+	}
+	
+      __ready_ok:
+	if (ac97_is_audio(ac97))
+		ac97->addr = (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_ADDR_MASK) >> AC97_EI_ADDR_SHIFT;
+	else
+		ac97->addr = (ac97->ext_mid & AC97_MEI_ADDR_MASK) >> AC97_MEI_ADDR_SHIFT;
+	if (ac97->ext_id & 0x01c9) {	/* L/R, MIC, SDAC, LDAC VRA support */
+		reg = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS);
+		reg |= ac97->ext_id & 0x01c0; /* LDAC/SDAC/CDAC */
+		if (! bus->no_vra)
+			reg |= ac97->ext_id & 0x0009; /* VRA/VRM */
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, reg);
+	}
+	if ((ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_DRA) && bus->dra) {
+		/* Intel controllers require double rate data to be put in
+		 * slots 7+8, so let's hope the codec supports it. */
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, AC97_GP_DRSS_MASK, AC97_GP_DRSS_78);
+		if ((snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE) & AC97_GP_DRSS_MASK) == AC97_GP_DRSS_78)
+			ac97->flags |= AC97_DOUBLE_RATE;
+		/* restore to slots 10/11 to avoid the confliction with surrounds */
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, AC97_GP_DRSS_MASK, 0);
+	}
+	if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_VRA) {	/* VRA support */
+		snd_ac97_determine_rates(ac97, AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE, 0, &ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_FRONT_DAC]);
+		snd_ac97_determine_rates(ac97, AC97_PCM_LR_ADC_RATE, 0, &ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_ADC]);
+	} else {
+		ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_FRONT_DAC] = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000;
+		if (ac97->flags & AC97_DOUBLE_RATE)
+			ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_FRONT_DAC] |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000;
+		ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_ADC] = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000;
+	}
+	if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF) {
+		/* codec specific code (patch) should override these values */
+		ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_SPDIF] = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_44100 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_32000;
+	}
+	if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_VRM) {	/* MIC VRA support */
+		snd_ac97_determine_rates(ac97, AC97_PCM_MIC_ADC_RATE, 0, &ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_MIC_ADC]);
+	} else {
+		ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_MIC_ADC] = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000;
+	}
+	if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SDAC) {	/* SDAC support */
+		snd_ac97_determine_rates(ac97, AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE, AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE, &ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_SURR_DAC]);
+		ac97->scaps |= AC97_SCAP_SURROUND_DAC;
+	}
+	if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_LDAC) {	/* LDAC support */
+		snd_ac97_determine_rates(ac97, AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE, AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE, &ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_LFE_DAC]);
+		ac97->scaps |= AC97_SCAP_CENTER_LFE_DAC;
+	}
+	/* additional initializations */
+	if (bus->ops->init)
+		bus->ops->init(ac97);
+	snd_ac97_get_name(ac97, ac97->id, name, !ac97_is_audio(ac97));
+	snd_ac97_get_name(NULL, ac97->id, name, !ac97_is_audio(ac97));  // ac97->id might be changed in the special setup code
+	if (! ac97->build_ops)
+		ac97->build_ops = &null_build_ops;
+
+	if (ac97_is_audio(ac97)) {
+		char comp[16];
+		if (card->mixername[0] == '\0') {
+			strcpy(card->mixername, name);
+		} else {
+			if (strlen(card->mixername) + 1 + strlen(name) + 1 <= sizeof(card->mixername)) {
+				strcat(card->mixername, ",");
+				strcat(card->mixername, name);
+			}
+		}
+		sprintf(comp, "AC97a:%08x", ac97->id);
+		if ((err = snd_component_add(card, comp)) < 0) {
+			snd_ac97_free(ac97);
+			return err;
+		}
+		if (snd_ac97_mixer_build(ac97) < 0) {
+			snd_ac97_free(ac97);
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+	}
+	if (ac97_is_modem(ac97)) {
+		char comp[16];
+		if (card->mixername[0] == '\0') {
+			strcpy(card->mixername, name);
+		} else {
+			if (strlen(card->mixername) + 1 + strlen(name) + 1 <= sizeof(card->mixername)) {
+				strcat(card->mixername, ",");
+				strcat(card->mixername, name);
+			}
+		}
+		sprintf(comp, "AC97m:%08x", ac97->id);
+		if ((err = snd_component_add(card, comp)) < 0) {
+			snd_ac97_free(ac97);
+			return err;
+		}
+		if (snd_ac97_modem_build(card, ac97) < 0) {
+			snd_ac97_free(ac97);
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+	}
+	if (ac97_is_audio(ac97))
+		update_power_regs(ac97);
+	snd_ac97_proc_init(ac97);
+	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CODEC, ac97, &ops)) < 0) {
+		snd_ac97_free(ac97);
+		return err;
+	}
+	*rac97 = ac97;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_mixer);
+
+/*
+ * Power down the chip.
+ *
+ * MASTER and HEADPHONE registers are muted but the register cache values
+ * are not changed, so that the values can be restored in snd_ac97_resume().
+ */
+static void snd_ac97_powerdown(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	unsigned short power;
+
+	if (ac97_is_audio(ac97)) {
+		/* some codecs have stereo mute bits */
+		snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_MASTER, 0x9f9f);
+		snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_HEADPHONE, 0x9f9f);
+	}
+
+	/* surround, CLFE, mic powerdown */
+	power = ac97->regs[AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS];
+	if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SURROUND_DAC)
+		power |= AC97_EA_PRJ;
+	if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_CENTER_LFE_DAC)
+		power |= AC97_EA_PRI | AC97_EA_PRK;
+	power |= AC97_EA_PRL;
+	snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, power);
+
+	/* powerdown external amplifier */
+	if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_INV_EAPD)
+		power = ac97->regs[AC97_POWERDOWN] & ~AC97_PD_EAPD;
+	else if (! (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_EAPD_LED))
+		power = ac97->regs[AC97_POWERDOWN] | AC97_PD_EAPD;
+	power |= AC97_PD_PR6;	/* Headphone amplifier powerdown */
+	power |= AC97_PD_PR0 | AC97_PD_PR1;	/* ADC & DAC powerdown */
+	snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, power);
+	udelay(100);
+	power |= AC97_PD_PR2;	/* Analog Mixer powerdown (Vref on) */
+	snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, power);
+	if (ac97_is_power_save_mode(ac97)) {
+		power |= AC97_PD_PR3;	/* Analog Mixer powerdown */
+		snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, power);
+		udelay(100);
+		/* AC-link powerdown, internal Clk disable */
+		/* FIXME: this may cause click noises on some boards */
+		power |= AC97_PD_PR4 | AC97_PD_PR5;
+		snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, power);
+	}
+}
+
+
+struct ac97_power_reg {
+	unsigned short reg;
+	unsigned short power_reg;
+	unsigned short mask;
+};
+
+enum { PWIDX_ADC, PWIDX_FRONT, PWIDX_CLFE, PWIDX_SURR, PWIDX_MIC, PWIDX_SIZE };
+
+static const struct ac97_power_reg power_regs[PWIDX_SIZE] = {
+	[PWIDX_ADC] = { AC97_PCM_LR_ADC_RATE, AC97_POWERDOWN, AC97_PD_PR0},
+	[PWIDX_FRONT] = { AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE, AC97_POWERDOWN, AC97_PD_PR1},
+	[PWIDX_CLFE] = { AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS,
+			 AC97_EA_PRI | AC97_EA_PRK},
+	[PWIDX_SURR] = { AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS,
+			 AC97_EA_PRJ},
+	[PWIDX_MIC] = { AC97_PCM_MIC_ADC_RATE, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS,
+			AC97_EA_PRL},
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_AC97_POWER_SAVE
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_update_power - update the powerdown register
+ * @ac97: the codec instance
+ * @reg: the rate register, e.g. AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE
+ * @powerup: non-zero when power up the part
+ *
+ * Update the AC97 powerdown register bits of the given part.
+ *
+ * Return: Zero.
+ */
+int snd_ac97_update_power(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, int reg, int powerup)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (! ac97)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (reg) {
+		/* SPDIF requires DAC power, too */
+		if (reg == AC97_SPDIF)
+			reg = AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE;
+		for (i = 0; i < PWIDX_SIZE; i++) {
+			if (power_regs[i].reg == reg) {
+				if (powerup)
+					ac97->power_up |= (1 << i);
+				else
+					ac97->power_up &= ~(1 << i);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (ac97_is_power_save_mode(ac97) && !powerup)
+		/* adjust power-down bits after two seconds delay
+		 * (for avoiding loud click noises for many (OSS) apps
+		 *  that open/close frequently)
+		 */
+		schedule_delayed_work(&ac97->power_work,
+				      msecs_to_jiffies(power_save * 1000));
+	else {
+		cancel_delayed_work(&ac97->power_work);
+		update_power_regs(ac97);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_update_power);
+#endif /* CONFIG_SND_AC97_POWER_SAVE */
+
+static void update_power_regs(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	unsigned int power_up, bits;
+	int i;
+
+	power_up = (1 << PWIDX_FRONT) | (1 << PWIDX_ADC);
+	power_up |= (1 << PWIDX_MIC);
+	if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SURROUND_DAC)
+		power_up |= (1 << PWIDX_SURR);
+	if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_CENTER_LFE_DAC)
+		power_up |= (1 << PWIDX_CLFE);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_AC97_POWER_SAVE
+	if (ac97_is_power_save_mode(ac97))
+		power_up = ac97->power_up;
+#endif
+	if (power_up) {
+		if (ac97->regs[AC97_POWERDOWN] & AC97_PD_PR2) {
+			/* needs power-up analog mix and vref */
+			snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN,
+					     AC97_PD_PR3, 0);
+			msleep(1);
+			snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN,
+					     AC97_PD_PR2, 0);
+		}
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < PWIDX_SIZE; i++) {
+		if (power_up & (1 << i))
+			bits = 0;
+		else
+			bits = power_regs[i].mask;
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, power_regs[i].power_reg,
+				     power_regs[i].mask, bits);
+	}
+	if (! power_up) {
+		if (! (ac97->regs[AC97_POWERDOWN] & AC97_PD_PR2)) {
+			/* power down analog mix and vref */
+			snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN,
+					     AC97_PD_PR2, AC97_PD_PR2);
+			snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN,
+					     AC97_PD_PR3, AC97_PD_PR3);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_suspend - General suspend function for AC97 codec
+ * @ac97: the ac97 instance
+ *
+ * Suspends the codec, power down the chip.
+ */
+void snd_ac97_suspend(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	if (! ac97)
+		return;
+	if (ac97->build_ops->suspend)
+		ac97->build_ops->suspend(ac97);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_AC97_POWER_SAVE
+	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&ac97->power_work);
+#endif
+	snd_ac97_powerdown(ac97);
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_suspend);
+
+/*
+ * restore ac97 status
+ */
+static void snd_ac97_restore_status(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 2; i < 0x7c ; i += 2) {
+		if (i == AC97_POWERDOWN || i == AC97_EXTENDED_ID)
+			continue;
+		/* restore only accessible registers
+		 * some chip (e.g. nm256) may hang up when unsupported registers
+		 * are accessed..!
+		 */
+		if (test_bit(i, ac97->reg_accessed)) {
+			snd_ac97_write(ac97, i, ac97->regs[i]);
+			snd_ac97_read(ac97, i);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * restore IEC958 status
+ */
+static void snd_ac97_restore_iec958(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF) {
+		if (ac97->regs[AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS] & AC97_EA_SPDIF) {
+			/* reset spdif status */
+			snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, AC97_EA_SPDIF, 0);
+			snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, ac97->regs[AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS]);
+			if (ac97->flags & AC97_CS_SPDIF)
+				snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_CSR_SPDIF, ac97->regs[AC97_CSR_SPDIF]);
+			else
+				snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_SPDIF, ac97->regs[AC97_SPDIF]);
+			snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, AC97_EA_SPDIF, AC97_EA_SPDIF); /* turn on again */
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_resume - General resume function for AC97 codec
+ * @ac97: the ac97 instance
+ *
+ * Do the standard resume procedure, power up and restoring the
+ * old register values.
+ */
+void snd_ac97_resume(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	unsigned long end_time;
+
+	if (! ac97)
+		return;
+
+	if (ac97->bus->ops->reset) {
+		ac97->bus->ops->reset(ac97);
+		goto  __reset_ready;
+	}
+
+	snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, 0);
+	if (! (ac97->flags & AC97_DEFAULT_POWER_OFF)) {
+		if (!(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SKIP_AUDIO))
+			snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_RESET, 0);
+		else if (!(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SKIP_MODEM))
+			snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MID, 0);
+		udelay(100);
+		snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, 0);
+	}
+	snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 0);
+
+	snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, ac97->regs[AC97_POWERDOWN]);
+	if (ac97_is_audio(ac97)) {
+		ac97->bus->ops->write(ac97, AC97_MASTER, 0x8101);
+		end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(100);
+		do {
+			if (snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_MASTER) == 0x8101)
+				break;
+			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+		} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
+		/* FIXME: extra delay */
+		ac97->bus->ops->write(ac97, AC97_MASTER, AC97_MUTE_MASK_MONO);
+		if (snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_MASTER) != AC97_MUTE_MASK_MONO)
+			msleep(250);
+	} else {
+		end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(100);
+		do {
+			unsigned short val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MID);
+			if (val != 0xffff && (val & 1) != 0)
+				break;
+			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+		} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
+	}
+__reset_ready:
+
+	if (ac97->bus->ops->init)
+		ac97->bus->ops->init(ac97);
+
+	if (ac97->build_ops->resume)
+		ac97->build_ops->resume(ac97);
+	else {
+		snd_ac97_restore_status(ac97);
+		snd_ac97_restore_iec958(ac97);
+	}
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_resume);
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+ * Hardware tuning
+ */
+static void set_ctl_name(char *dst, const char *src, const char *suffix)
+{
+	if (suffix)
+		sprintf(dst, "%s %s", src, suffix);
+	else
+		strcpy(dst, src);
+}	
+
+/* remove the control with the given name and optional suffix */
+static int snd_ac97_remove_ctl(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, const char *name,
+			       const char *suffix)
+{
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_id id;
+	memset(&id, 0, sizeof(id));
+	set_ctl_name(id.name, name, suffix);
+	id.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+	return snd_ctl_remove_id(ac97->bus->card, &id);
+}
+
+static struct snd_kcontrol *ctl_find(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, const char *name, const char *suffix)
+{
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_id sid;
+	memset(&sid, 0, sizeof(sid));
+	set_ctl_name(sid.name, name, suffix);
+	sid.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+	return snd_ctl_find_id(ac97->bus->card, &sid);
+}
+
+/* rename the control with the given name and optional suffix */
+static int snd_ac97_rename_ctl(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, const char *src,
+			       const char *dst, const char *suffix)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl = ctl_find(ac97, src, suffix);
+	if (kctl) {
+		set_ctl_name(kctl->id.name, dst, suffix);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return -ENOENT;
+}
+
+/* rename both Volume and Switch controls - don't check the return value */
+static void snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, const char *src,
+				    const char *dst)
+{
+	snd_ac97_rename_ctl(ac97, src, dst, "Switch");
+	snd_ac97_rename_ctl(ac97, src, dst, "Volume");
+}
+
+/* swap controls */
+static int snd_ac97_swap_ctl(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, const char *s1,
+			     const char *s2, const char *suffix)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl1, *kctl2;
+	kctl1 = ctl_find(ac97, s1, suffix);
+	kctl2 = ctl_find(ac97, s2, suffix);
+	if (kctl1 && kctl2) {
+		set_ctl_name(kctl1->id.name, s2, suffix);
+		set_ctl_name(kctl2->id.name, s1, suffix);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return -ENOENT;
+}
+
+#if 1
+/* bind hp and master controls instead of using only hp control */
+static int bind_hp_volsw_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	int err = snd_ac97_put_volsw(kcontrol, ucontrol);
+	if (err > 0) {
+		unsigned long priv_saved = kcontrol->private_value;
+		kcontrol->private_value = (kcontrol->private_value & ~0xff) | AC97_HEADPHONE;
+		snd_ac97_put_volsw(kcontrol, ucontrol);
+		kcontrol->private_value = priv_saved;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* ac97 tune: bind Master and Headphone controls */
+static int tune_hp_only(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *msw = ctl_find(ac97, "Master Playback Switch", NULL);
+	struct snd_kcontrol *mvol = ctl_find(ac97, "Master Playback Volume", NULL);
+	if (! msw || ! mvol)
+		return -ENOENT;
+	msw->put = bind_hp_volsw_put;
+	mvol->put = bind_hp_volsw_put;
+	snd_ac97_remove_ctl(ac97, "Headphone Playback", "Switch");
+	snd_ac97_remove_ctl(ac97, "Headphone Playback", "Volume");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#else
+/* ac97 tune: use Headphone control as master */
+static int tune_hp_only(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	if (ctl_find(ac97, "Headphone Playback Switch", NULL) == NULL)
+		return -ENOENT;
+	snd_ac97_remove_ctl(ac97, "Master Playback", "Switch");
+	snd_ac97_remove_ctl(ac97, "Master Playback", "Volume");
+	snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97, "Headphone Playback", "Master Playback");
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* ac97 tune: swap Headphone and Master controls */
+static int tune_swap_hp(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	if (ctl_find(ac97, "Headphone Playback Switch", NULL) == NULL)
+		return -ENOENT;
+	snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97, "Master Playback", "Line-Out Playback");
+	snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97, "Headphone Playback", "Master Playback");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* ac97 tune: swap Surround and Master controls */
+static int tune_swap_surround(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	if (snd_ac97_swap_ctl(ac97, "Master Playback", "Surround Playback", "Switch") ||
+	    snd_ac97_swap_ctl(ac97, "Master Playback", "Surround Playback", "Volume"))
+		return -ENOENT;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* ac97 tune: set up mic sharing for AD codecs */
+static int tune_ad_sharing(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	unsigned short scfg;
+	if ((ac97->id & 0xffffff00) != 0x41445300) {
+		ac97_err(ac97, "ac97_quirk AD_SHARING is only for AD codecs\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	/* Turn on OMS bit to route microphone to back panel */
+	scfg = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, scfg | 0x0200);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_alc_jack_detect = 
+AC97_SINGLE("Jack Detect", AC97_ALC650_CLOCK, 5, 1, 0);
+
+/* ac97 tune: set up ALC jack-select */
+static int tune_alc_jack(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	if ((ac97->id & 0xffffff00) != 0x414c4700) {
+		ac97_err(ac97,
+			 "ac97_quirk ALC_JACK is only for Realtek codecs\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, 0x7a, 0x20, 0x20); /* select jack detect function */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, 0x7a, 0x01, 0x01); /* Line-out auto mute */
+	if (ac97->id == AC97_ID_ALC658D)
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, 0x74, 0x0800, 0x0800);
+	return snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_alc_jack_detect, ac97));
+}
+
+/* ac97 tune: inversed EAPD bit */
+static int tune_inv_eapd(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl = ctl_find(ac97, "External Amplifier", NULL);
+	if (! kctl)
+		return -ENOENT;
+	set_inv_eapd(ac97, kctl);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int master_mute_sw_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	int err = snd_ac97_put_volsw(kcontrol, ucontrol);
+	if (err > 0) {
+		struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+		int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0x0f;
+		int rshift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 12) & 0x0f;
+		unsigned short mask;
+		if (shift != rshift)
+			mask = AC97_MUTE_MASK_STEREO;
+		else
+			mask = AC97_MUTE_MASK_MONO;
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, AC97_PD_EAPD,
+				     (ac97->regs[AC97_MASTER] & mask) == mask ?
+				     AC97_PD_EAPD : 0);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* ac97 tune: EAPD controls mute LED bound with the master mute */
+static int tune_mute_led(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *msw = ctl_find(ac97, "Master Playback Switch", NULL);
+	if (! msw)
+		return -ENOENT;
+	msw->put = master_mute_sw_put;
+	snd_ac97_remove_ctl(ac97, "External Amplifier", NULL);
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(
+		ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN,
+		AC97_PD_EAPD, AC97_PD_EAPD /* mute LED on */
+	);
+	ac97->scaps |= AC97_SCAP_EAPD_LED;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int hp_master_mute_sw_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	int err = bind_hp_volsw_put(kcontrol, ucontrol);
+	if (err > 0) {
+		struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+		int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0x0f;
+		int rshift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 12) & 0x0f;
+		unsigned short mask;
+		if (shift != rshift)
+			mask = AC97_MUTE_MASK_STEREO;
+		else
+			mask = AC97_MUTE_MASK_MONO;
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, AC97_PD_EAPD,
+				     (ac97->regs[AC97_MASTER] & mask) == mask ?
+				     AC97_PD_EAPD : 0);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int tune_hp_mute_led(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *msw = ctl_find(ac97, "Master Playback Switch", NULL);
+	struct snd_kcontrol *mvol = ctl_find(ac97, "Master Playback Volume", NULL);
+	if (! msw || ! mvol)
+		return -ENOENT;
+	msw->put = hp_master_mute_sw_put;
+	mvol->put = bind_hp_volsw_put;
+	snd_ac97_remove_ctl(ac97, "External Amplifier", NULL);
+	snd_ac97_remove_ctl(ac97, "Headphone Playback", "Switch");
+	snd_ac97_remove_ctl(ac97, "Headphone Playback", "Volume");
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(
+		ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN,
+		AC97_PD_EAPD, AC97_PD_EAPD /* mute LED on */
+	);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct quirk_table {
+	const char *name;
+	int (*func)(struct snd_ac97 *);
+};
+
+static const struct quirk_table applicable_quirks[] = {
+	{ "none", NULL },
+	{ "hp_only", tune_hp_only },
+	{ "swap_hp", tune_swap_hp },
+	{ "swap_surround", tune_swap_surround },
+	{ "ad_sharing", tune_ad_sharing },
+	{ "alc_jack", tune_alc_jack },
+	{ "inv_eapd", tune_inv_eapd },
+	{ "mute_led", tune_mute_led },
+	{ "hp_mute_led", tune_hp_mute_led },
+};
+
+/* apply the quirk with the given type */
+static int apply_quirk(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, int type)
+{
+	if (type <= 0)
+		return 0;
+	else if (type >= ARRAY_SIZE(applicable_quirks))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (applicable_quirks[type].func)
+		return applicable_quirks[type].func(ac97);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* apply the quirk with the given name */
+static int apply_quirk_str(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, const char *typestr)
+{
+	int i;
+	const struct quirk_table *q;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(applicable_quirks); i++) {
+		q = &applicable_quirks[i];
+		if (q->name && ! strcmp(typestr, q->name))
+			return apply_quirk(ac97, i);
+	}
+	/* for compatibility, accept the numbers, too */
+	if (*typestr >= '0' && *typestr <= '9')
+		return apply_quirk(ac97, (int)simple_strtoul(typestr, NULL, 10));
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_tune_hardware - tune up the hardware
+ * @ac97: the ac97 instance
+ * @quirk: quirk list
+ * @override: explicit quirk value (overrides the list if non-NULL)
+ *
+ * Do some workaround for each pci device, such as renaming of the
+ * headphone (true line-out) control as "Master".
+ * The quirk-list must be terminated with a zero-filled entry.
+ *
+ * Return: Zero if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+
+int snd_ac97_tune_hardware(struct snd_ac97 *ac97,
+			   const struct ac97_quirk *quirk, const char *override)
+{
+	int result;
+
+	/* quirk overriden? */
+	if (override && strcmp(override, "-1") && strcmp(override, "default")) {
+		result = apply_quirk_str(ac97, override);
+		if (result < 0)
+			ac97_err(ac97, "applying quirk type %s failed (%d)\n",
+				 override, result);
+		return result;
+	}
+
+	if (! quirk)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	for (; quirk->subvendor; quirk++) {
+		if (quirk->subvendor != ac97->subsystem_vendor)
+			continue;
+		if ((! quirk->mask && quirk->subdevice == ac97->subsystem_device) ||
+		    quirk->subdevice == (quirk->mask & ac97->subsystem_device)) {
+			if (quirk->codec_id && quirk->codec_id != ac97->id)
+				continue;
+			ac97_dbg(ac97, "ac97 quirk for %s (%04x:%04x)\n",
+				 quirk->name, ac97->subsystem_vendor,
+				 ac97->subsystem_device);
+			result = apply_quirk(ac97, quirk->type);
+			if (result < 0)
+				ac97_err(ac97,
+					 "applying quirk type %d for %s failed (%d)\n",
+					 quirk->type, quirk->name, result);
+			return result;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_tune_hardware);
diff --git a/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_id.h b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_id.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ed6ed048b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_id.h
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Universal interface for Audio Codec '97
+ *
+ *  For more details look to AC '97 component specification revision 2.2
+ *  by Intel Corporation (http://developer.intel.com).
+ */
+
+#define AC97_ID_AK4540		0x414b4d00
+#define AC97_ID_AK4542		0x414b4d01
+#define AC97_ID_AD1819		0x41445303
+#define AC97_ID_AD1881		0x41445340
+#define AC97_ID_AD1881A		0x41445348
+#define AC97_ID_AD1885		0x41445360
+#define AC97_ID_AD1886		0x41445361
+#define AC97_ID_AD1887		0x41445362
+#define AC97_ID_AD1886A		0x41445363
+#define AC97_ID_AD1980 		0x41445370
+#define AC97_ID_TR28028		0x54524108
+#define AC97_ID_STAC9700	0x83847600
+#define AC97_ID_STAC9704	0x83847604
+#define AC97_ID_STAC9705	0x83847605
+#define AC97_ID_STAC9708	0x83847608
+#define AC97_ID_STAC9721	0x83847609
+#define AC97_ID_STAC9744	0x83847644
+#define AC97_ID_STAC9756	0x83847656
+#define AC97_ID_CS4297A		0x43525910
+#define AC97_ID_CS4299		0x43525930
+#define AC97_ID_CS4201		0x43525948
+#define AC97_ID_CS4205		0x43525958
+#define AC97_ID_CS_MASK		0xfffffff8	/* bit 0-2: rev */
+#define AC97_ID_ALC100		0x414c4300
+#define AC97_ID_ALC650		0x414c4720
+#define AC97_ID_ALC650D		0x414c4721
+#define AC97_ID_ALC650E		0x414c4722
+#define AC97_ID_ALC650F		0x414c4723
+#define AC97_ID_ALC655		0x414c4760
+#define AC97_ID_ALC658		0x414c4780
+#define AC97_ID_ALC658D		0x414c4781
+#define AC97_ID_ALC850		0x414c4790
+#define AC97_ID_YMF743		0x594d4800
+#define AC97_ID_YMF753		0x594d4803
+#define AC97_ID_VT1616		0x49434551
+#define AC97_ID_CM9738		0x434d4941
+#define AC97_ID_CM9739		0x434d4961
+#define AC97_ID_CM9761_78	0x434d4978
+#define AC97_ID_CM9761_82	0x434d4982
+#define AC97_ID_CM9761_83	0x434d4983
+#define AC97_ID_ST7597		0x53544d02
+#define AC97_ID_ST_AC97_ID4	0x53544d04
diff --git a/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_local.h b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_local.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8eeae2dec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_local.h
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Universal interface for Audio Codec '97
+ *
+ *  For more details look to AC '97 component specification revision 2.2
+ *  by Intel Corporation (http://developer.intel.com).
+ */
+
+void snd_ac97_get_name(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned int id, char *name,
+		       int modem);
+int snd_ac97_update_bits_nolock(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg,
+				unsigned short mask, unsigned short value);
+
+/* ac97_proc.c */
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_PROC_FS
+void snd_ac97_bus_proc_init(struct snd_ac97_bus * ac97);
+void snd_ac97_bus_proc_done(struct snd_ac97_bus * ac97);
+void snd_ac97_proc_init(struct snd_ac97 * ac97);
+void snd_ac97_proc_done(struct snd_ac97 * ac97);
+#else
+#define snd_ac97_bus_proc_init(ac97_bus_t) do { } while (0)
+#define snd_ac97_bus_proc_done(ac97_bus_t) do { } while (0)
+#define snd_ac97_proc_init(ac97_t) do { } while (0)
+#define snd_ac97_proc_done(ac97_t) do { } while (0)
+#endif
diff --git a/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_patch.c b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_patch.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1627a74ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_patch.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3932 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Universal interface for Audio Codec '97
+ *
+ *  For more details look to AC '97 component specification revision 2.2
+ *  by Intel Corporation (http://developer.intel.com) and to datasheets
+ *  for specific codecs.
+ */
+
+#include "ac97_local.h"
+#include "ac97_patch.h"
+
+/*
+ *  Forward declarations
+ */
+
+static struct snd_kcontrol *snd_ac97_find_mixer_ctl(struct snd_ac97 *ac97,
+						    const char *name);
+static int snd_ac97_add_vmaster(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, char *name,
+				const unsigned int *tlv,
+				const char * const *followers);
+
+/*
+ *  Chip specific initialization
+ */
+
+static int patch_build_controls(struct snd_ac97 * ac97, const struct snd_kcontrol_new *controls, int count)
+{
+	int idx, err;
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < count; idx++)
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&controls[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* replace with a new TLV */
+static void reset_tlv(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, const char *name,
+		      const unsigned int *tlv)
+{
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_id sid;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	memset(&sid, 0, sizeof(sid));
+	strcpy(sid.name, name);
+	sid.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+	kctl = snd_ctl_find_id(ac97->bus->card, &sid);
+	if (kctl && kctl->tlv.p)
+		kctl->tlv.p = tlv;
+}
+
+/* set to the page, update bits and restore the page */
+static int ac97_update_bits_page(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg, unsigned short mask, unsigned short value, unsigned short page)
+{
+	unsigned short page_save;
+	int ret;
+
+	mutex_lock(&ac97->page_mutex);
+	page_save = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING) & AC97_PAGE_MASK;
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING, AC97_PAGE_MASK, page);
+	ret = snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, reg, mask, value);
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING, AC97_PAGE_MASK, page_save);
+	mutex_unlock(&ac97->page_mutex); /* unlock paging */
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * shared line-in/mic controls
+ */
+static int ac97_surround_jack_mode_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[] = { "Shared", "Independent" };
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 2, texts);
+}
+
+static int ac97_surround_jack_mode_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = ac97->indep_surround;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ac97_surround_jack_mode_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned char indep = !!ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0];
+
+	if (indep != ac97->indep_surround) {
+		ac97->indep_surround = indep;
+		if (ac97->build_ops->update_jacks)
+			ac97->build_ops->update_jacks(ac97);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ac97_channel_mode_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[] = { "2ch", "4ch", "6ch", "8ch" };
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, kcontrol->private_value, texts);
+}
+
+static int ac97_channel_mode_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = ac97->channel_mode;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ac97_channel_mode_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned char mode = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0];
+
+	if (mode >= kcontrol->private_value)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (mode != ac97->channel_mode) {
+		ac97->channel_mode = mode;
+		if (ac97->build_ops->update_jacks)
+			ac97->build_ops->update_jacks(ac97);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define AC97_SURROUND_JACK_MODE_CTL \
+	{ \
+		.iface	= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
+		.name	= "Surround Jack Mode", \
+		.info = ac97_surround_jack_mode_info, \
+		.get = ac97_surround_jack_mode_get, \
+		.put = ac97_surround_jack_mode_put, \
+	}
+/* 6ch */
+#define AC97_CHANNEL_MODE_CTL \
+	{ \
+		.iface	= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
+		.name	= "Channel Mode", \
+		.info = ac97_channel_mode_info, \
+		.get = ac97_channel_mode_get, \
+		.put = ac97_channel_mode_put, \
+		.private_value = 3, \
+	}
+/* 4ch */
+#define AC97_CHANNEL_MODE_4CH_CTL \
+	{ \
+		.iface	= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
+		.name	= "Channel Mode", \
+		.info = ac97_channel_mode_info, \
+		.get = ac97_channel_mode_get, \
+		.put = ac97_channel_mode_put, \
+		.private_value = 2, \
+	}
+/* 8ch */
+#define AC97_CHANNEL_MODE_8CH_CTL \
+	{ \
+		.iface  = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
+		.name   = "Channel Mode", \
+		.info = ac97_channel_mode_info, \
+		.get = ac97_channel_mode_get, \
+		.put = ac97_channel_mode_put, \
+		.private_value = 4, \
+	}
+
+static inline int is_surround_on(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	return ac97->channel_mode >= 1;
+}
+
+static inline int is_clfe_on(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	return ac97->channel_mode >= 2;
+}
+
+/* system has shared jacks with surround out enabled */
+static inline int is_shared_surrout(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	return !ac97->indep_surround && is_surround_on(ac97);
+}
+
+/* system has shared jacks with center/lfe out enabled */
+static inline int is_shared_clfeout(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	return !ac97->indep_surround && is_clfe_on(ac97);
+}
+
+/* system has shared jacks with line in enabled */
+static inline int is_shared_linein(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	return !ac97->indep_surround && !is_surround_on(ac97);
+}
+
+/* system has shared jacks with mic in enabled */
+static inline int is_shared_micin(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	return !ac97->indep_surround && !is_clfe_on(ac97);
+}
+
+static inline int alc850_is_aux_back_surround(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	return is_surround_on(ac97);
+}
+
+/* The following snd_ac97_ymf753_... items added by David Shust (dshust@shustring.com) */
+/* Modified for YMF743 by Keita Maehara <maehara@debian.org> */
+
+/* It is possible to indicate to the Yamaha YMF7x3 the type of
+   speakers being used. */
+
+static int snd_ac97_ymf7x3_info_speaker(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[3] = {
+		"Standard", "Small", "Smaller"
+	};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 3, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ymf7x3_get_speaker(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	val = ac97->regs[AC97_YMF7X3_3D_MODE_SEL];
+	val = (val >> 10) & 3;
+	if (val > 0)    /* 0 = invalid */
+		val--;
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = val;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ymf7x3_put_speaker(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] > 2)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	val = (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] + 1) << 10;
+	return snd_ac97_update(ac97, AC97_YMF7X3_3D_MODE_SEL, val);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_ymf7x3_controls_speaker =
+{
+	.iface  = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name   = "3D Control - Speaker",
+	.info   = snd_ac97_ymf7x3_info_speaker,
+	.get    = snd_ac97_ymf7x3_get_speaker,
+	.put    = snd_ac97_ymf7x3_put_speaker,
+};
+
+/* It is possible to indicate to the Yamaha YMF7x3 the source to
+   direct to the S/PDIF output. */
+static int snd_ac97_ymf7x3_spdif_source_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					     struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[2] = { "AC-Link", "A/D Converter" };
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 2, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ymf7x3_spdif_source_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	val = ac97->regs[AC97_YMF7X3_DIT_CTRL];
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = (val >> 1) & 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ymf7x3_spdif_source_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] > 1)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	val = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] << 1;
+	return snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_YMF7X3_DIT_CTRL, 0x0002, val);
+}
+
+static int patch_yamaha_ymf7x3_3d(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	int err;
+
+	kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[0], ac97);
+	err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	strcpy(kctl->id.name, "3D Control - Wide");
+	kctl->private_value = AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(AC97_3D_CONTROL, 9, 7, 0);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_3D_CONTROL, 0x0000);
+	err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card,
+			  snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_ymf7x3_controls_speaker,
+					ac97));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_YMF7X3_3D_MODE_SEL, 0x0c00);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_yamaha_ymf743_controls_spdif[3] =
+{
+	AC97_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("", PLAYBACK, SWITCH),
+		    AC97_YMF7X3_DIT_CTRL, 0, 1, 0),
+	{
+		.iface	= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name	= SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("", PLAYBACK, NONE) "Source",
+		.info	= snd_ac97_ymf7x3_spdif_source_info,
+		.get	= snd_ac97_ymf7x3_spdif_source_get,
+		.put	= snd_ac97_ymf7x3_spdif_source_put,
+	},
+	AC97_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("", NONE, NONE) "Mute",
+		    AC97_YMF7X3_DIT_CTRL, 2, 1, 1)
+};
+
+static int patch_yamaha_ymf743_build_spdif(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_controls_spdif[0], 3);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97,
+				   snd_ac97_yamaha_ymf743_controls_spdif, 3);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	/* set default PCM S/PDIF params */
+	/* PCM audio,no copyright,no preemphasis,PCM coder,original */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_YMF7X3_DIT_CTRL, 0xa201);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_yamaha_ymf743_ops = {
+	.build_spdif	= patch_yamaha_ymf743_build_spdif,
+	.build_3d	= patch_yamaha_ymf7x3_3d,
+};
+
+static int patch_yamaha_ymf743(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_yamaha_ymf743_ops;
+	ac97->caps |= AC97_BC_BASS_TREBLE;
+	ac97->caps |= 0x04 << 10; /* Yamaha 3D enhancement */
+	ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_SPDIF] = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000; /* 48k only */
+	ac97->ext_id |= AC97_EI_SPDIF; /* force the detection of spdif */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* The AC'97 spec states that the S/PDIF signal is to be output at pin 48.
+   The YMF753 will output the S/PDIF signal to pin 43, 47 (EAPD), or 48.
+   By default, no output pin is selected, and the S/PDIF signal is not output.
+   There is also a bit to mute S/PDIF output in a vendor-specific register. */
+static int snd_ac97_ymf753_spdif_output_pin_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[3] = { "Disabled", "Pin 43", "Pin 48" };
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 3, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ymf753_spdif_output_pin_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	val = ac97->regs[AC97_YMF7X3_DIT_CTRL];
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = (val & 0x0008) ? 2 : (val & 0x0020) ? 1 : 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ymf753_spdif_output_pin_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] > 2)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	val = (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] == 2) ? 0x0008 :
+	      (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] == 1) ? 0x0020 : 0;
+	return snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_YMF7X3_DIT_CTRL, 0x0028, val);
+	/* The following can be used to direct S/PDIF output to pin 47 (EAPD).
+	   snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x62, snd_ac97_read(ac97, 0x62) | 0x0008); */
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_ymf753_controls_spdif[3] = {
+	{
+		.iface	= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name	= SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,NONE) "Source",
+		.info	= snd_ac97_ymf7x3_spdif_source_info,
+		.get	= snd_ac97_ymf7x3_spdif_source_get,
+		.put	= snd_ac97_ymf7x3_spdif_source_put,
+	},
+	{
+		.iface	= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name	= SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,NONE) "Output Pin",
+		.info	= snd_ac97_ymf753_spdif_output_pin_info,
+		.get	= snd_ac97_ymf753_spdif_output_pin_get,
+		.put	= snd_ac97_ymf753_spdif_output_pin_put,
+	},
+	AC97_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("", NONE, NONE) "Mute",
+		    AC97_YMF7X3_DIT_CTRL, 2, 1, 1)
+};
+
+static int patch_yamaha_ymf753_post_spdif(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_ymf753_controls_spdif, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_ymf753_controls_spdif))) < 0)
+		return err;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_yamaha_ymf753_ops = {
+	.build_3d	= patch_yamaha_ymf7x3_3d,
+	.build_post_spdif = patch_yamaha_ymf753_post_spdif
+};
+
+static int patch_yamaha_ymf753(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	/* Patch for Yamaha YMF753, Copyright (c) by David Shust, dshust@shustring.com.
+	   This chip has nonstandard and extended behaviour with regard to its S/PDIF output.
+	   The AC'97 spec states that the S/PDIF signal is to be output at pin 48.
+	   The YMF753 will ouput the S/PDIF signal to pin 43, 47 (EAPD), or 48.
+	   By default, no output pin is selected, and the S/PDIF signal is not output.
+	   There is also a bit to mute S/PDIF output in a vendor-specific register.
+	*/
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_yamaha_ymf753_ops;
+	ac97->caps |= AC97_BC_BASS_TREBLE;
+	ac97->caps |= 0x04 << 10; /* Yamaha 3D enhancement */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * May 2, 2003 Liam Girdwood <lrg@slimlogic.co.uk>
+ *  removed broken wolfson00 patch.
+ *  added support for WM9705,WM9708,WM9709,WM9710,WM9711,WM9712 and WM9717.
+ */
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new wm97xx_snd_ac97_controls[] = {
+AC97_DOUBLE("Front Playback Volume", AC97_WM97XX_FMIXER_VOL, 8, 0, 31, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Front Playback Switch", AC97_WM97XX_FMIXER_VOL, 15, 1, 1),
+};
+
+static int patch_wolfson_wm9703_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	/* This is known to work for the ViewSonic ViewPad 1000
+	 * Randolph Bentson <bentson@holmsjoen.com>
+	 * WM9703/9707/9708/9717 
+	 */
+	int err, i;
+	
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(wm97xx_snd_ac97_controls); i++) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&wm97xx_snd_ac97_controls[i], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97,  AC97_WM97XX_FMIXER_VOL, 0x0808);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_wolfson_wm9703_ops = {
+	.build_specific = patch_wolfson_wm9703_specific,
+};
+
+static int patch_wolfson03(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_wolfson_wm9703_ops;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new wm9704_snd_ac97_controls[] = {
+AC97_DOUBLE("Front Playback Volume", AC97_WM97XX_FMIXER_VOL, 8, 0, 31, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Front Playback Switch", AC97_WM97XX_FMIXER_VOL, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_DOUBLE("Rear Playback Volume", AC97_WM9704_RMIXER_VOL, 8, 0, 31, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Rear Playback Switch", AC97_WM9704_RMIXER_VOL, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_DOUBLE("Rear DAC Volume", AC97_WM9704_RPCM_VOL, 8, 0, 31, 1),
+AC97_DOUBLE("Surround Volume", AC97_SURROUND_MASTER, 8, 0, 31, 1),
+};
+
+static int patch_wolfson_wm9704_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int err, i;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(wm9704_snd_ac97_controls); i++) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&wm9704_snd_ac97_controls[i], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	/* patch for DVD noise */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_WM9704_TEST, 0x0200);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_wolfson_wm9704_ops = {
+	.build_specific = patch_wolfson_wm9704_specific,
+};
+
+static int patch_wolfson04(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	/* WM9704M/9704Q */
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_wolfson_wm9704_ops;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int patch_wolfson05(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	/* WM9705, WM9710 */
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_wolfson_wm9703_ops;
+#ifdef CONFIG_TOUCHSCREEN_WM9705
+	/* WM9705 touchscreen uses AUX and VIDEO for touch */
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_HAS_NO_VIDEO | AC97_HAS_NO_AUX;
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const char* wm9711_alc_select[] = {"None", "Left", "Right", "Stereo"};
+static const char* wm9711_alc_mix[] = {"Stereo", "Right", "Left", "None"};
+static const char* wm9711_out3_src[] = {"Left", "VREF", "Left + Right", "Mono"};
+static const char* wm9711_out3_lrsrc[] = {"Master Mix", "Headphone Mix"};
+static const char* wm9711_rec_adc[] = {"Stereo", "Left", "Right", "Mute"};
+static const char* wm9711_base[] = {"Linear Control", "Adaptive Boost"};
+static const char* wm9711_rec_gain[] = {"+1.5dB Steps", "+0.75dB Steps"};
+static const char* wm9711_mic[] = {"Mic 1", "Differential", "Mic 2", "Stereo"};
+static const char* wm9711_rec_sel[] = 
+	{"Mic 1", "NC", "NC", "Master Mix", "Line", "Headphone Mix", "Phone Mix", "Phone"};
+static const char* wm9711_ng_type[] = {"Constant Gain", "Mute"};
+
+static const struct ac97_enum wm9711_enum[] = {
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_PCI_SVID, 14, 4, wm9711_alc_select),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_VIDEO, 10, 4, wm9711_alc_mix),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_AUX, 9, 4, wm9711_out3_src),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_AUX, 8, 2, wm9711_out3_lrsrc),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_REC_SEL, 12, 4, wm9711_rec_adc),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_MASTER_TONE, 15, 2, wm9711_base),
+AC97_ENUM_DOUBLE(AC97_REC_GAIN, 14, 6, 2, wm9711_rec_gain),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_MIC, 5, 4, wm9711_mic),
+AC97_ENUM_DOUBLE(AC97_REC_SEL, 8, 0, 8, wm9711_rec_sel),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_PCI_SVID, 5, 2, wm9711_ng_type),
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new wm9711_snd_ac97_controls[] = {
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC Target Volume", AC97_CODEC_CLASS_REV, 12, 15, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC Hold Time", AC97_CODEC_CLASS_REV, 8, 15, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC Decay Time", AC97_CODEC_CLASS_REV, 4, 15, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC Attack Time", AC97_CODEC_CLASS_REV, 0, 15, 0),
+AC97_ENUM("ALC Function", wm9711_enum[0]),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC Max Volume", AC97_PCI_SVID, 11, 7, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC ZC Timeout", AC97_PCI_SVID, 9, 3, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC ZC Switch", AC97_PCI_SVID, 8, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC NG Switch", AC97_PCI_SVID, 7, 1, 0),
+AC97_ENUM("ALC NG Type", wm9711_enum[9]),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC NG Threshold", AC97_PCI_SVID, 0, 31, 1),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("Side Tone Switch", AC97_VIDEO, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Side Tone Volume", AC97_VIDEO, 12, 7, 1),
+AC97_ENUM("ALC Headphone Mux", wm9711_enum[1]),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC Headphone Volume", AC97_VIDEO, 7, 7, 1),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("Out3 Switch", AC97_AUX, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Out3 ZC Switch", AC97_AUX, 7, 1, 0),
+AC97_ENUM("Out3 Mux", wm9711_enum[2]),
+AC97_ENUM("Out3 LR Mux", wm9711_enum[3]),
+AC97_SINGLE("Out3 Volume", AC97_AUX, 0, 31, 1),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("Beep to Headphone Switch", AC97_PC_BEEP, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Beep to Headphone Volume", AC97_PC_BEEP, 12, 7, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Beep to Side Tone Switch", AC97_PC_BEEP, 11, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Beep to Side Tone Volume", AC97_PC_BEEP, 8, 7, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Beep to Phone Switch", AC97_PC_BEEP, 7, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Beep to Phone Volume", AC97_PC_BEEP, 4, 7, 1),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("Aux to Headphone Switch", AC97_CD, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Aux to Headphone Volume", AC97_CD, 12, 7, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Aux to Side Tone Switch", AC97_CD, 11, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Aux to Side Tone Volume", AC97_CD, 8, 7, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Aux to Phone Switch", AC97_CD, 7, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Aux to Phone Volume", AC97_CD, 4, 7, 1),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("Phone to Headphone Switch", AC97_PHONE, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Phone to Master Switch", AC97_PHONE, 14, 1, 1),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("Line to Headphone Switch", AC97_LINE, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Line to Master Switch", AC97_LINE, 14, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Line to Phone Switch", AC97_LINE, 13, 1, 1),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("PCM Playback to Headphone Switch", AC97_PCM, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("PCM Playback to Master Switch", AC97_PCM, 14, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("PCM Playback to Phone Switch", AC97_PCM, 13, 1, 1),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("Capture 20dB Boost Switch", AC97_REC_SEL, 14, 1, 0),
+AC97_ENUM("Capture to Phone Mux", wm9711_enum[4]),
+AC97_SINGLE("Capture to Phone 20dB Boost Switch", AC97_REC_SEL, 11, 1, 1),
+AC97_ENUM("Capture Select", wm9711_enum[8]),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("3D Upper Cut-off Switch", AC97_3D_CONTROL, 5, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("3D Lower Cut-off Switch", AC97_3D_CONTROL, 4, 1, 1),
+
+AC97_ENUM("Bass Control", wm9711_enum[5]),
+AC97_SINGLE("Bass Cut-off Switch", AC97_MASTER_TONE, 12, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Tone Cut-off Switch", AC97_MASTER_TONE, 4, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Playback Attenuate (-6dB) Switch", AC97_MASTER_TONE, 6, 1, 0),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("ADC Switch", AC97_REC_GAIN, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_ENUM("Capture Volume Steps", wm9711_enum[6]),
+AC97_DOUBLE("Capture Volume", AC97_REC_GAIN, 8, 0, 63, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Capture ZC Switch", AC97_REC_GAIN, 7, 1, 0),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("Mic 1 to Phone Switch", AC97_MIC, 14, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mic 2 to Phone Switch", AC97_MIC, 13, 1, 1),
+AC97_ENUM("Mic Select Source", wm9711_enum[7]),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mic 1 Volume", AC97_MIC, 8, 31, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mic 2 Volume", AC97_MIC, 0, 31, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mic 20dB Boost Switch", AC97_MIC, 7, 1, 0),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("Master Left Inv Switch", AC97_MASTER, 6, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("Master ZC Switch", AC97_MASTER, 7, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("Headphone ZC Switch", AC97_HEADPHONE, 7, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mono ZC Switch", AC97_MASTER_MONO, 7, 1, 0),
+};
+
+static int patch_wolfson_wm9711_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int err, i;
+	
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(wm9711_snd_ac97_controls); i++) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&wm9711_snd_ac97_controls[i], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97,  AC97_CODEC_CLASS_REV, 0x0808);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97,  AC97_PCI_SVID, 0x0808);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97,  AC97_VIDEO, 0x0808);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97,  AC97_AUX, 0x0808);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97,  AC97_PC_BEEP, 0x0808);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97,  AC97_CD, 0x0000);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_wolfson_wm9711_ops = {
+	.build_specific = patch_wolfson_wm9711_specific,
+};
+
+static int patch_wolfson11(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	/* WM9711, WM9712 */
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_wolfson_wm9711_ops;
+
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_HAS_NO_REC_GAIN | AC97_STEREO_MUTES | AC97_HAS_NO_MIC |
+		AC97_HAS_NO_PC_BEEP | AC97_HAS_NO_VIDEO | AC97_HAS_NO_CD;
+	
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const char* wm9713_mic_mixer[] = {"Stereo", "Mic 1", "Mic 2", "Mute"};
+static const char* wm9713_rec_mux[] = {"Stereo", "Left", "Right", "Mute"};
+static const char* wm9713_rec_src[] = 
+	{"Mic 1", "Mic 2", "Line", "Mono In", "Headphone Mix", "Master Mix", 
+	"Mono Mix", "Zh"};
+static const char* wm9713_rec_gain[] = {"+1.5dB Steps", "+0.75dB Steps"};
+static const char* wm9713_alc_select[] = {"None", "Left", "Right", "Stereo"};
+static const char* wm9713_mono_pga[] = {"Vmid", "Zh", "Mono Mix", "Inv 1"};
+static const char* wm9713_spk_pga[] = 
+	{"Vmid", "Zh", "Headphone Mix", "Master Mix", "Inv", "NC", "NC", "NC"};
+static const char* wm9713_hp_pga[] = {"Vmid", "Zh", "Headphone Mix", "NC"};
+static const char* wm9713_out3_pga[] = {"Vmid", "Zh", "Inv 1", "NC"};
+static const char* wm9713_out4_pga[] = {"Vmid", "Zh", "Inv 2", "NC"};
+static const char* wm9713_dac_inv[] = 
+	{"Off", "Mono Mix", "Master Mix", "Headphone Mix L", "Headphone Mix R", 
+	"Headphone Mix Mono", "NC", "Vmid"};
+static const char* wm9713_base[] = {"Linear Control", "Adaptive Boost"};
+static const char* wm9713_ng_type[] = {"Constant Gain", "Mute"};
+
+static const struct ac97_enum wm9713_enum[] = {
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_LINE, 3, 4, wm9713_mic_mixer),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_VIDEO, 14, 4, wm9713_rec_mux),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_VIDEO, 9, 4, wm9713_rec_mux),
+AC97_ENUM_DOUBLE(AC97_VIDEO, 3, 0, 8, wm9713_rec_src),
+AC97_ENUM_DOUBLE(AC97_CD, 14, 6, 2, wm9713_rec_gain),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_PCI_SVID, 14, 4, wm9713_alc_select),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_REC_GAIN, 14, 4, wm9713_mono_pga),
+AC97_ENUM_DOUBLE(AC97_REC_GAIN, 11, 8, 8, wm9713_spk_pga),
+AC97_ENUM_DOUBLE(AC97_REC_GAIN, 6, 4, 4, wm9713_hp_pga),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_REC_GAIN, 2, 4, wm9713_out3_pga),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_REC_GAIN, 0, 4, wm9713_out4_pga),
+AC97_ENUM_DOUBLE(AC97_REC_GAIN_MIC, 13, 10, 8, wm9713_dac_inv),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 15, 2, wm9713_base),
+AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_PCI_SVID, 5, 2, wm9713_ng_type),
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new wm13_snd_ac97_controls[] = {
+AC97_DOUBLE("Line In Volume", AC97_PC_BEEP, 8, 0, 31, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Line In to Headphone Switch", AC97_PC_BEEP, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Line In to Master Switch", AC97_PC_BEEP, 14, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Line In to Mono Switch", AC97_PC_BEEP, 13, 1, 1),
+
+AC97_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Volume", AC97_PHONE, 8, 0, 31, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("PCM Playback to Headphone Switch", AC97_PHONE, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("PCM Playback to Master Switch", AC97_PHONE, 14, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("PCM Playback to Mono Switch", AC97_PHONE, 13, 1, 1),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("Mic 1 Volume", AC97_MIC, 8, 31, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mic 2 Volume", AC97_MIC, 0, 31, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mic 1 to Mono Switch", AC97_LINE, 7, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mic 2 to Mono Switch", AC97_LINE, 6, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mic Boost (+20dB) Switch", AC97_LINE, 5, 1, 0),
+AC97_ENUM("Mic to Headphone Mux", wm9713_enum[0]),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mic Headphone Mixer Volume", AC97_LINE, 0, 7, 1),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("Capture Switch", AC97_CD, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_ENUM("Capture Volume Steps", wm9713_enum[4]),
+AC97_DOUBLE("Capture Volume", AC97_CD, 8, 0, 15, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("Capture ZC Switch", AC97_CD, 7, 1, 0),
+
+AC97_ENUM("Capture to Headphone Mux", wm9713_enum[1]),
+AC97_SINGLE("Capture to Headphone Volume", AC97_VIDEO, 11, 7, 1),
+AC97_ENUM("Capture to Mono Mux", wm9713_enum[2]),
+AC97_SINGLE("Capture to Mono Boost (+20dB) Switch", AC97_VIDEO, 8, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("Capture ADC Boost (+20dB) Switch", AC97_VIDEO, 6, 1, 0),
+AC97_ENUM("Capture Select", wm9713_enum[3]),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC Target Volume", AC97_CODEC_CLASS_REV, 12, 15, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC Hold Time", AC97_CODEC_CLASS_REV, 8, 15, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC Decay Time ", AC97_CODEC_CLASS_REV, 4, 15, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC Attack Time", AC97_CODEC_CLASS_REV, 0, 15, 0),
+AC97_ENUM("ALC Function", wm9713_enum[5]),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC Max Volume", AC97_PCI_SVID, 11, 7, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC ZC Timeout", AC97_PCI_SVID, 9, 3, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC ZC Switch", AC97_PCI_SVID, 8, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC NG Switch", AC97_PCI_SVID, 7, 1, 0),
+AC97_ENUM("ALC NG Type", wm9713_enum[13]),
+AC97_SINGLE("ALC NG Threshold", AC97_PCI_SVID, 0, 31, 0),
+
+AC97_DOUBLE("Master ZC Switch", AC97_MASTER, 14, 6, 1, 0),
+AC97_DOUBLE("Headphone ZC Switch", AC97_HEADPHONE, 14, 6, 1, 0),
+AC97_DOUBLE("Out3/4 ZC Switch", AC97_MASTER_MONO, 14, 6, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("Master Right Switch", AC97_MASTER, 7, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Headphone Right Switch", AC97_HEADPHONE, 7, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Out3/4 Right Switch", AC97_MASTER_MONO, 7, 1, 1),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("Mono In to Headphone Switch", AC97_MASTER_TONE, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mono In to Master Switch", AC97_MASTER_TONE, 14, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mono In Volume", AC97_MASTER_TONE, 8, 31, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mono Switch", AC97_MASTER_TONE, 7, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mono ZC Switch", AC97_MASTER_TONE, 6, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("Mono Volume", AC97_MASTER_TONE, 0, 31, 1),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("Beep to Headphone Switch", AC97_AUX, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Beep to Headphone Volume", AC97_AUX, 12, 7, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Beep to Master Switch", AC97_AUX, 11, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Beep to Master Volume", AC97_AUX, 8, 7, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Beep to Mono Switch", AC97_AUX, 7, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Beep to Mono Volume", AC97_AUX, 4, 7, 1),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("Voice to Headphone Switch", AC97_PCM, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Voice to Headphone Volume", AC97_PCM, 12, 7, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Voice to Master Switch", AC97_PCM, 11, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Voice to Master Volume", AC97_PCM, 8, 7, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Voice to Mono Switch", AC97_PCM, 7, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Voice to Mono Volume", AC97_PCM, 4, 7, 1),
+
+AC97_SINGLE("Aux to Headphone Switch", AC97_REC_SEL, 15, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Aux to Headphone Volume", AC97_REC_SEL, 12, 7, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Aux to Master Switch", AC97_REC_SEL, 11, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Aux to Master Volume", AC97_REC_SEL, 8, 7, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Aux to Mono Switch", AC97_REC_SEL, 7, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Aux to Mono Volume", AC97_REC_SEL, 4, 7, 1),
+
+AC97_ENUM("Mono Input Mux", wm9713_enum[6]),
+AC97_ENUM("Master Input Mux", wm9713_enum[7]),
+AC97_ENUM("Headphone Input Mux", wm9713_enum[8]),
+AC97_ENUM("Out 3 Input Mux", wm9713_enum[9]),
+AC97_ENUM("Out 4 Input Mux", wm9713_enum[10]),
+
+AC97_ENUM("Bass Control", wm9713_enum[12]),
+AC97_SINGLE("Bass Cut-off Switch", AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 12, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Tone Cut-off Switch", AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 4, 1, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Playback Attenuate (-6dB) Switch", AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 6, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("Bass Volume", AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 8, 15, 1),
+AC97_SINGLE("Tone Volume", AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE, 0, 15, 1),
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new wm13_snd_ac97_controls_3d[] = {
+AC97_ENUM("Inv Input Mux", wm9713_enum[11]),
+AC97_SINGLE("3D Upper Cut-off Switch", AC97_REC_GAIN_MIC, 5, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("3D Lower Cut-off Switch", AC97_REC_GAIN_MIC, 4, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("3D Depth", AC97_REC_GAIN_MIC, 0, 15, 1),
+};
+
+static int patch_wolfson_wm9713_3d (struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int err, i;
+    
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(wm13_snd_ac97_controls_3d); i++) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&wm13_snd_ac97_controls_3d[i], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int patch_wolfson_wm9713_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int err, i;
+	
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(wm13_snd_ac97_controls); i++) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ac97_cnew(&wm13_snd_ac97_controls[i], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_PC_BEEP, 0x0808);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_PHONE, 0x0808);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_MIC, 0x0808);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_LINE, 0x00da);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_CD, 0x0808);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_VIDEO, 0xd612);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_REC_GAIN, 0x1ba0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static void patch_wolfson_wm9713_suspend (struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MID, 0xfeff);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MSTATUS, 0xffff);
+}
+
+static void patch_wolfson_wm9713_resume (struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MID, 0xda00);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MSTATUS, 0x3810);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, 0x0);
+}
+#endif
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_wolfson_wm9713_ops = {
+	.build_specific = patch_wolfson_wm9713_specific,
+	.build_3d = patch_wolfson_wm9713_3d,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM	
+	.suspend = patch_wolfson_wm9713_suspend,
+	.resume = patch_wolfson_wm9713_resume
+#endif
+};
+
+static int patch_wolfson13(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	/* WM9713, WM9714 */
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_wolfson_wm9713_ops;
+
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_HAS_NO_REC_GAIN | AC97_STEREO_MUTES | AC97_HAS_NO_PHONE |
+		AC97_HAS_NO_PC_BEEP | AC97_HAS_NO_VIDEO | AC97_HAS_NO_CD | AC97_HAS_NO_TONE |
+		AC97_HAS_NO_STD_PCM;
+    	ac97->scaps &= ~AC97_SCAP_MODEM;
+
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MID, 0xda00);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MSTATUS, 0x3810);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_POWERDOWN, 0x0);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Tritech codec
+ */
+static int patch_tritech_tr28028(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x26, 0x0300);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x26, 0x0000);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SURROUND_MASTER, 0x0000);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SPDIF, 0x0000);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Sigmatel STAC97xx codecs
+ */
+static int patch_sigmatel_stac9700_3d(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[0], ac97))) < 0)
+		return err;
+	strcpy(kctl->id.name, "3D Control Sigmatel - Depth");
+	kctl->private_value = AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(AC97_3D_CONTROL, 2, 3, 0);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_3D_CONTROL, 0x0000);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int patch_sigmatel_stac9708_3d(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[0], ac97))) < 0)
+		return err;
+	strcpy(kctl->id.name, "3D Control Sigmatel - Depth");
+	kctl->private_value = AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(AC97_3D_CONTROL, 0, 3, 0);
+	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, kctl = snd_ac97_cnew(&snd_ac97_controls_3d[0], ac97))) < 0)
+		return err;
+	strcpy(kctl->id.name, "3D Control Sigmatel - Rear Depth");
+	kctl->private_value = AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(AC97_3D_CONTROL, 2, 3, 0);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_3D_CONTROL, 0x0000);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_sigmatel_4speaker =
+AC97_SINGLE("Sigmatel 4-Speaker Stereo Playback Switch",
+		AC97_SIGMATEL_DAC2INVERT, 2, 1, 0);
+
+/* "Sigmatel " removed due to excessive name length: */
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_sigmatel_phaseinvert =
+AC97_SINGLE("Surround Phase Inversion Playback Switch",
+		AC97_SIGMATEL_DAC2INVERT, 3, 1, 0);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_sigmatel_controls[] = {
+AC97_SINGLE("Sigmatel DAC 6dB Attenuate", AC97_SIGMATEL_ANALOG, 1, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("Sigmatel ADC 6dB Attenuate", AC97_SIGMATEL_ANALOG, 0, 1, 0)
+};
+
+static int patch_sigmatel_stac97xx_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_ANALOG, snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_ANALOG) & ~0x0003);
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_ANALOG, 1))
+		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_sigmatel_controls[0], 1)) < 0)
+			return err;
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_ANALOG, 0))
+		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_sigmatel_controls[1], 1)) < 0)
+			return err;
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_DAC2INVERT, 2))
+		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_sigmatel_4speaker, 1)) < 0)
+			return err;
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_DAC2INVERT, 3))
+		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_sigmatel_phaseinvert, 1)) < 0)
+			return err;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_sigmatel_stac9700_ops = {
+	.build_3d	= patch_sigmatel_stac9700_3d,
+	.build_specific	= patch_sigmatel_stac97xx_specific
+};
+
+static int patch_sigmatel_stac9700(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_sigmatel_stac9700_ops;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_stac9708_put_bias(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int err;
+
+	mutex_lock(&ac97->page_mutex);
+	snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_BIAS1, 0xabba);
+	err = snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_BIAS2, 0x0010,
+				   (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 1) << 4);
+	snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_BIAS1, 0);
+	mutex_unlock(&ac97->page_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_stac9708_bias_control = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Sigmatel Output Bias Switch",
+	.info = snd_ac97_info_volsw,
+	.get = snd_ac97_get_volsw,
+	.put = snd_ac97_stac9708_put_bias,
+	.private_value = AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(AC97_SIGMATEL_BIAS2, 4, 1, 0),
+};
+
+static int patch_sigmatel_stac9708_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	/* the register bit is writable, but the function is not implemented: */
+	snd_ac97_remove_ctl(ac97, "PCM Out Path & Mute", NULL);
+
+	snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97, "Headphone Playback", "Sigmatel Surround Playback");
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_stac9708_bias_control, 1)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	return patch_sigmatel_stac97xx_specific(ac97);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_sigmatel_stac9708_ops = {
+	.build_3d	= patch_sigmatel_stac9708_3d,
+	.build_specific	= patch_sigmatel_stac9708_specific
+};
+
+static int patch_sigmatel_stac9708(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	unsigned int codec72, codec6c;
+
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_sigmatel_stac9708_ops;
+	ac97->caps |= 0x10;	/* HP (sigmatel surround) support */
+
+	codec72 = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_BIAS2) & 0x8000;
+	codec6c = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_ANALOG);
+
+	if ((codec72==0) && (codec6c==0)) {
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_CIC1, 0xabba);
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_CIC2, 0x1000);
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_BIAS1, 0xabba);
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_BIAS2, 0x0007);
+	} else if ((codec72==0x8000) && (codec6c==0)) {
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_CIC1, 0xabba);
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_CIC2, 0x1001);
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_DAC2INVERT, 0x0008);
+	} else if ((codec72==0x8000) && (codec6c==0x0080)) {
+		/* nothing */
+	}
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_MULTICHN, 0x0000);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int patch_sigmatel_stac9721(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_sigmatel_stac9700_ops;
+	if (snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_ANALOG) == 0) {
+		// patch for SigmaTel
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_CIC1, 0xabba);
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_CIC2, 0x4000);
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_BIAS1, 0xabba);
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_BIAS2, 0x0002);
+	}
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_MULTICHN, 0x0000);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int patch_sigmatel_stac9744(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	// patch for SigmaTel
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_sigmatel_stac9700_ops;
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_CIC1, 0xabba);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_CIC2, 0x0000);	/* is this correct? --jk */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_BIAS1, 0xabba);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_BIAS2, 0x0002);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_MULTICHN, 0x0000);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int patch_sigmatel_stac9756(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	// patch for SigmaTel
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_sigmatel_stac9700_ops;
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_CIC1, 0xabba);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_CIC2, 0x0000);	/* is this correct? --jk */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_BIAS1, 0xabba);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_BIAS2, 0x0002);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_MULTICHN, 0x0000);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_stac9758_output_jack_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[5] = {
+		"Input/Disabled", "Front Output",
+		"Rear Output", "Center/LFE Output", "Mixer Output" };
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 5, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_stac9758_output_jack_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int shift = kcontrol->private_value;
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	val = ac97->regs[AC97_SIGMATEL_OUTSEL] >> shift;
+	if (!(val & 4))
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 0;
+	else
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 1 + (val & 3);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_stac9758_output_jack_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int shift = kcontrol->private_value;
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] > 4)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] == 0)
+		val = 0;
+	else
+		val = 4 | (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] - 1);
+	return ac97_update_bits_page(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_OUTSEL,
+				     7 << shift, val << shift, 0);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_stac9758_input_jack_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[7] = {
+		"Mic2 Jack", "Mic1 Jack", "Line In Jack",
+		"Front Jack", "Rear Jack", "Center/LFE Jack", "Mute" };
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 7, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_stac9758_input_jack_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int shift = kcontrol->private_value;
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	val = ac97->regs[AC97_SIGMATEL_INSEL];
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = (val >> shift) & 7;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_stac9758_input_jack_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int shift = kcontrol->private_value;
+
+	return ac97_update_bits_page(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_INSEL, 7 << shift,
+				     ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] << shift, 0);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_stac9758_phonesel_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[3] = {
+		"None", "Front Jack", "Rear Jack"
+	};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 3, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_stac9758_phonesel_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = ac97->regs[AC97_SIGMATEL_IOMISC] & 3;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_stac9758_phonesel_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	return ac97_update_bits_page(ac97, AC97_SIGMATEL_IOMISC, 3,
+				     ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0], 0);
+}
+
+#define STAC9758_OUTPUT_JACK(xname, shift) \
+{	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, \
+	.info = snd_ac97_stac9758_output_jack_info, \
+	.get = snd_ac97_stac9758_output_jack_get, \
+	.put = snd_ac97_stac9758_output_jack_put, \
+	.private_value = shift }
+#define STAC9758_INPUT_JACK(xname, shift) \
+{	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, \
+	.info = snd_ac97_stac9758_input_jack_info, \
+	.get = snd_ac97_stac9758_input_jack_get, \
+	.put = snd_ac97_stac9758_input_jack_put, \
+	.private_value = shift }
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_sigmatel_stac9758_controls[] = {
+	STAC9758_OUTPUT_JACK("Mic1 Jack", 1),
+	STAC9758_OUTPUT_JACK("LineIn Jack", 4),
+	STAC9758_OUTPUT_JACK("Front Jack", 7),
+	STAC9758_OUTPUT_JACK("Rear Jack", 10),
+	STAC9758_OUTPUT_JACK("Center/LFE Jack", 13),
+	STAC9758_INPUT_JACK("Mic Input Source", 0),
+	STAC9758_INPUT_JACK("Line Input Source", 8),
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = "Headphone Amp",
+		.info = snd_ac97_stac9758_phonesel_info,
+		.get = snd_ac97_stac9758_phonesel_get,
+		.put = snd_ac97_stac9758_phonesel_put
+	},
+	AC97_SINGLE("Exchange Center/LFE", AC97_SIGMATEL_IOMISC, 4, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Headphone +3dB Boost", AC97_SIGMATEL_IOMISC, 8, 1, 0)
+};
+
+static int patch_sigmatel_stac9758_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = patch_sigmatel_stac97xx_specific(ac97);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_sigmatel_stac9758_controls,
+				   ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_sigmatel_stac9758_controls));
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	/* DAC-A direct */
+	snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97, "Headphone Playback", "Front Playback");
+	/* DAC-A to Mix = PCM */
+	/* DAC-B direct = Surround */
+	/* DAC-B to Mix */
+	snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97, "Video Playback", "Surround Mix Playback");
+	/* DAC-C direct = Center/LFE */
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_sigmatel_stac9758_ops = {
+	.build_3d	= patch_sigmatel_stac9700_3d,
+	.build_specific	= patch_sigmatel_stac9758_specific
+};
+
+static int patch_sigmatel_stac9758(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	static const unsigned short regs[4] = {
+		AC97_SIGMATEL_OUTSEL,
+		AC97_SIGMATEL_IOMISC,
+		AC97_SIGMATEL_INSEL,
+		AC97_SIGMATEL_VARIOUS
+	};
+	static const unsigned short def_regs[4] = {
+		/* OUTSEL */ 0xd794, /* CL:CL, SR:SR, LO:MX, LI:DS, MI:DS */
+		/* IOMISC */ 0x2001,
+		/* INSEL */ 0x0201, /* LI:LI, MI:M1 */
+		/* VARIOUS */ 0x0040
+	};
+	static const unsigned short m675_regs[4] = {
+		/* OUTSEL */ 0xfc70, /* CL:MX, SR:MX, LO:DS, LI:MX, MI:DS */
+		/* IOMISC */ 0x2102, /* HP amp on */
+		/* INSEL */ 0x0203, /* LI:LI, MI:FR */
+		/* VARIOUS */ 0x0041 /* stereo mic */
+	};
+	const unsigned short *pregs = def_regs;
+	int i;
+
+	/* Gateway M675 notebook */
+	if (ac97->pci && 
+	    ac97->subsystem_vendor == 0x107b &&
+	    ac97->subsystem_device == 0x0601)
+	    	pregs = m675_regs;
+
+	// patch for SigmaTel
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_sigmatel_stac9758_ops;
+	/* FIXME: assume only page 0 for writing cache */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING, AC97_PAGE_MASK, AC97_PAGE_VENDOR);
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, regs[i], pregs[i]);
+
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_STEREO_MUTES;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Cirrus Logic CS42xx codecs
+ */
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_cirrus_controls_spdif[2] = {
+	AC97_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,SWITCH), AC97_CSR_SPDIF, 15, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,NONE) "AC97-SPSA", AC97_CSR_ACMODE, 0, 3, 0)
+};
+
+static int patch_cirrus_build_spdif(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	/* con mask, pro mask, default */
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_controls_spdif[0], 3)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	/* switch, spsa */
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_cirrus_controls_spdif[0], 1)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	switch (ac97->id & AC97_ID_CS_MASK) {
+	case AC97_ID_CS4205:
+		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_cirrus_controls_spdif[1], 1)) < 0)
+			return err;
+		break;
+	}
+	/* set default PCM S/PDIF params */
+	/* consumer,PCM audio,no copyright,no preemphasis,PCM coder,original,48000Hz */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_CSR_SPDIF, 0x0a20);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_cirrus_ops = {
+	.build_spdif = patch_cirrus_build_spdif
+};
+
+static int patch_cirrus_spdif(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	/* Basically, the cs4201/cs4205/cs4297a has non-standard sp/dif registers.
+	   WHY CAN'T ANYONE FOLLOW THE BLOODY SPEC?  *sigh*
+	   - sp/dif EA ID is not set, but sp/dif is always present.
+	   - enable/disable is spdif register bit 15.
+	   - sp/dif control register is 0x68.  differs from AC97:
+	   - valid is bit 14 (vs 15)
+	   - no DRS
+	   - only 44.1/48k [00 = 48, 01=44,1] (AC97 is 00=44.1, 10=48)
+	   - sp/dif ssource select is in 0x5e bits 0,1.
+	*/
+
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_cirrus_ops;
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_CS_SPDIF; 
+	ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_SPDIF] &= ~SNDRV_PCM_RATE_32000;
+        ac97->ext_id |= AC97_EI_SPDIF;	/* force the detection of spdif */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_CSR_ACMODE, 0x0080);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int patch_cirrus_cs4299(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	/* force the detection of PC Beep */
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_HAS_PC_BEEP;
+	
+	return patch_cirrus_spdif(ac97);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Conexant codecs
+ */
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_conexant_controls_spdif[1] = {
+	AC97_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,SWITCH), AC97_CXR_AUDIO_MISC, 3, 1, 0),
+};
+
+static int patch_conexant_build_spdif(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	/* con mask, pro mask, default */
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_controls_spdif[0], 3)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	/* switch */
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_conexant_controls_spdif[0], 1)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	/* set default PCM S/PDIF params */
+	/* consumer,PCM audio,no copyright,no preemphasis,PCM coder,original,48000Hz */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_CXR_AUDIO_MISC,
+			     snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_CXR_AUDIO_MISC) & ~(AC97_CXR_SPDIFEN|AC97_CXR_COPYRGT|AC97_CXR_SPDIF_MASK));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_conexant_ops = {
+	.build_spdif = patch_conexant_build_spdif
+};
+
+static int patch_conexant(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_conexant_ops;
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_CX_SPDIF;
+        ac97->ext_id |= AC97_EI_SPDIF;	/* force the detection of spdif */
+	ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_SPDIF] = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000; /* 48k only */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int patch_cx20551(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, 0x5c, 0x01, 0x01);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Analog Devices AD18xx, AD19xx codecs
+ */
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static void ad18xx_resume(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	static const unsigned short setup_regs[] = {
+		AC97_AD_MISC, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, AC97_AD_JACK_SPDIF,
+	};
+	int i, codec;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(setup_regs); i++) {
+		unsigned short reg = setup_regs[i];
+		if (test_bit(reg, ac97->reg_accessed)) {
+			snd_ac97_write(ac97, reg, ac97->regs[reg]);
+			snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (! (ac97->flags & AC97_AD_MULTI))
+		/* normal restore */
+		snd_ac97_restore_status(ac97);
+	else {
+		/* restore the AD18xx codec configurations */
+		for (codec = 0; codec < 3; codec++) {
+			if (! ac97->spec.ad18xx.id[codec])
+				continue;
+			/* select single codec */
+			snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 0x7000,
+					     ac97->spec.ad18xx.unchained[codec] | ac97->spec.ad18xx.chained[codec]);
+			ac97->bus->ops->write(ac97, AC97_AD_CODEC_CFG, ac97->spec.ad18xx.codec_cfg[codec]);
+		}
+		/* select all codecs */
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 0x7000, 0x7000);
+
+		/* restore status */
+		for (i = 2; i < 0x7c ; i += 2) {
+			if (i == AC97_POWERDOWN || i == AC97_EXTENDED_ID)
+				continue;
+			if (test_bit(i, ac97->reg_accessed)) {
+				/* handle multi codecs for AD18xx */
+				if (i == AC97_PCM) {
+					for (codec = 0; codec < 3; codec++) {
+						if (! ac97->spec.ad18xx.id[codec])
+							continue;
+						/* select single codec */
+						snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 0x7000,
+								     ac97->spec.ad18xx.unchained[codec] | ac97->spec.ad18xx.chained[codec]);
+						/* update PCM bits */
+						ac97->bus->ops->write(ac97, AC97_PCM, ac97->spec.ad18xx.pcmreg[codec]);
+					}
+					/* select all codecs */
+					snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 0x7000, 0x7000);
+					continue;
+				} else if (i == AC97_AD_TEST ||
+					   i == AC97_AD_CODEC_CFG ||
+					   i == AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG)
+					continue; /* ignore */
+			}
+			snd_ac97_write(ac97, i, ac97->regs[i]);
+			snd_ac97_read(ac97, i);
+		}
+	}
+
+	snd_ac97_restore_iec958(ac97);
+}
+
+static void ad1888_resume(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	ad18xx_resume(ac97);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_CODEC_CLASS_REV, 0x8080);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_res_table ad1819_restbl[] = {
+	{ AC97_PHONE, 0x9f1f },
+	{ AC97_MIC, 0x9f1f },
+	{ AC97_LINE, 0x9f1f },
+	{ AC97_CD, 0x9f1f },
+	{ AC97_VIDEO, 0x9f1f },
+	{ AC97_AUX, 0x9f1f },
+	{ AC97_PCM, 0x9f1f },
+	{ } /* terminator */
+};
+
+static int patch_ad1819(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	unsigned short scfg;
+
+	// patch for Analog Devices
+	scfg = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, scfg | 0x7000); /* select all codecs */
+	ac97->res_table = ad1819_restbl;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned short patch_ad1881_unchained(struct snd_ac97 * ac97, int idx, unsigned short mask)
+{
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	// test for unchained codec
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 0x7000, mask);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_AD_CODEC_CFG, 0x0000);	/* ID0C, ID1C, SDIE = off */
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_VENDOR_ID2);
+	if ((val & 0xff40) != 0x5340)
+		return 0;
+	ac97->spec.ad18xx.unchained[idx] = mask;
+	ac97->spec.ad18xx.id[idx] = val;
+	ac97->spec.ad18xx.codec_cfg[idx] = 0x0000;
+	return mask;
+}
+
+static int patch_ad1881_chained1(struct snd_ac97 * ac97, int idx, unsigned short codec_bits)
+{
+	static const int cfg_bits[3] = { 1<<12, 1<<14, 1<<13 };
+	unsigned short val;
+	
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 0x7000, cfg_bits[idx]);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_AD_CODEC_CFG, 0x0004);	// SDIE
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_VENDOR_ID2);
+	if ((val & 0xff40) != 0x5340)
+		return 0;
+	if (codec_bits)
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_AD_CODEC_CFG, codec_bits);
+	ac97->spec.ad18xx.chained[idx] = cfg_bits[idx];
+	ac97->spec.ad18xx.id[idx] = val;
+	ac97->spec.ad18xx.codec_cfg[idx] = codec_bits ? codec_bits : 0x0004;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void patch_ad1881_chained(struct snd_ac97 * ac97, int unchained_idx, int cidx1, int cidx2)
+{
+	// already detected?
+	if (ac97->spec.ad18xx.unchained[cidx1] || ac97->spec.ad18xx.chained[cidx1])
+		cidx1 = -1;
+	if (ac97->spec.ad18xx.unchained[cidx2] || ac97->spec.ad18xx.chained[cidx2])
+		cidx2 = -1;
+	if (cidx1 < 0 && cidx2 < 0)
+		return;
+	// test for chained codecs
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 0x7000,
+			     ac97->spec.ad18xx.unchained[unchained_idx]);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_AD_CODEC_CFG, 0x0002);		// ID1C
+	ac97->spec.ad18xx.codec_cfg[unchained_idx] = 0x0002;
+	if (cidx1 >= 0) {
+		if (cidx2 < 0)
+			patch_ad1881_chained1(ac97, cidx1, 0);
+		else if (patch_ad1881_chained1(ac97, cidx1, 0x0006))	// SDIE | ID1C
+			patch_ad1881_chained1(ac97, cidx2, 0);
+		else if (patch_ad1881_chained1(ac97, cidx2, 0x0006))	// SDIE | ID1C
+			patch_ad1881_chained1(ac97, cidx1, 0);
+	} else if (cidx2 >= 0) {
+		patch_ad1881_chained1(ac97, cidx2, 0);
+	}
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_ad1881_build_ops = {
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.resume = ad18xx_resume
+#endif
+};
+
+static int patch_ad1881(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	static const char cfg_idxs[3][2] = {
+		{2, 1},
+		{0, 2},
+		{0, 1}
+	};
+	
+	// patch for Analog Devices
+	unsigned short codecs[3];
+	unsigned short val;
+	int idx, num;
+
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, val);
+	codecs[0] = patch_ad1881_unchained(ac97, 0, (1<<12));
+	codecs[1] = patch_ad1881_unchained(ac97, 1, (1<<14));
+	codecs[2] = patch_ad1881_unchained(ac97, 2, (1<<13));
+
+	if (! (codecs[0] || codecs[1] || codecs[2]))
+		goto __end;
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < 3; idx++)
+		if (ac97->spec.ad18xx.unchained[idx])
+			patch_ad1881_chained(ac97, idx, cfg_idxs[idx][0], cfg_idxs[idx][1]);
+
+	if (ac97->spec.ad18xx.id[1]) {
+		ac97->flags |= AC97_AD_MULTI;
+		ac97->scaps |= AC97_SCAP_SURROUND_DAC;
+	}
+	if (ac97->spec.ad18xx.id[2]) {
+		ac97->flags |= AC97_AD_MULTI;
+		ac97->scaps |= AC97_SCAP_CENTER_LFE_DAC;
+	}
+
+      __end:
+	/* select all codecs */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 0x7000, 0x7000);
+	/* check if only one codec is present */
+	for (idx = num = 0; idx < 3; idx++)
+		if (ac97->spec.ad18xx.id[idx])
+			num++;
+	if (num == 1) {
+		/* ok, deselect all ID bits */
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_AD_CODEC_CFG, 0x0000);
+		ac97->spec.ad18xx.codec_cfg[0] = 
+			ac97->spec.ad18xx.codec_cfg[1] = 
+			ac97->spec.ad18xx.codec_cfg[2] = 0x0000;
+	}
+	/* required for AD1886/AD1885 combination */
+	ac97->ext_id = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_ID);
+	if (ac97->spec.ad18xx.id[0]) {
+		ac97->id &= 0xffff0000;
+		ac97->id |= ac97->spec.ad18xx.id[0];
+	}
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_ad1881_build_ops;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_ad1885[] = {
+	AC97_SINGLE("Digital Mono Direct", AC97_AD_MISC, 11, 1, 0),
+	/* AC97_SINGLE("Digital Audio Mode", AC97_AD_MISC, 12, 1, 0), */ /* seems problematic */
+	AC97_SINGLE("Low Power Mixer", AC97_AD_MISC, 14, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Zero Fill DAC", AC97_AD_MISC, 15, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Headphone Jack Sense", AC97_AD_JACK_SPDIF, 9, 1, 1), /* inverted */
+	AC97_SINGLE("Line Jack Sense", AC97_AD_JACK_SPDIF, 8, 1, 1), /* inverted */
+};
+
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_6bit_6db_max, -8850, 150, 0);
+
+static int patch_ad1885_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_ad1885, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_ad1885))) < 0)
+		return err;
+	reset_tlv(ac97, "Headphone Playback Volume",
+		  db_scale_6bit_6db_max);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_ad1885_build_ops = {
+	.build_specific = &patch_ad1885_specific,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.resume = ad18xx_resume
+#endif
+};
+
+static int patch_ad1885(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	patch_ad1881(ac97);
+	/* This is required to deal with the Intel D815EEAL2 */
+	/* i.e. Line out is actually headphone out from codec */
+
+	/* set default */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC, 0x0404);
+
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_ad1885_build_ops;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int patch_ad1886_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	reset_tlv(ac97, "Headphone Playback Volume",
+		  db_scale_6bit_6db_max);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_ad1886_build_ops = {
+	.build_specific = &patch_ad1886_specific,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.resume = ad18xx_resume
+#endif
+};
+
+static int patch_ad1886(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	patch_ad1881(ac97);
+	/* Presario700 workaround */
+	/* for Jack Sense/SPDIF Register misetting causing */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_AD_JACK_SPDIF, 0x0010);
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_ad1886_build_ops;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* MISC bits (AD1888/AD1980/AD1985 register 0x76) */
+#define AC97_AD198X_MBC		0x0003	/* mic boost */
+#define AC97_AD198X_MBC_20	0x0000	/* +20dB */
+#define AC97_AD198X_MBC_10	0x0001	/* +10dB */
+#define AC97_AD198X_MBC_30	0x0002	/* +30dB */
+#define AC97_AD198X_VREFD	0x0004	/* VREF high-Z */
+#define AC97_AD198X_VREFH	0x0008	/* 0=2.25V, 1=3.7V */
+#define AC97_AD198X_VREF_0	0x000c	/* 0V (AD1985 only) */
+#define AC97_AD198X_VREF_MASK	(AC97_AD198X_VREFH | AC97_AD198X_VREFD)
+#define AC97_AD198X_VREF_SHIFT	2
+#define AC97_AD198X_SRU		0x0010	/* sample rate unlock */
+#define AC97_AD198X_LOSEL	0x0020	/* LINE_OUT amplifiers input select */
+#define AC97_AD198X_2MIC	0x0040	/* 2-channel mic select */
+#define AC97_AD198X_SPRD	0x0080	/* SPREAD enable */
+#define AC97_AD198X_DMIX0	0x0100	/* downmix mode: */
+					/*  0 = 6-to-4, 1 = 6-to-2 downmix */
+#define AC97_AD198X_DMIX1	0x0200	/* downmix mode: 1 = enabled */
+#define AC97_AD198X_HPSEL	0x0400	/* headphone amplifier input select */
+#define AC97_AD198X_CLDIS	0x0800	/* center/lfe disable */
+#define AC97_AD198X_LODIS	0x1000	/* LINE_OUT disable */
+#define AC97_AD198X_MSPLT	0x2000	/* mute split */
+#define AC97_AD198X_AC97NC	0x4000	/* AC97 no compatible mode */
+#define AC97_AD198X_DACZ	0x8000	/* DAC zero-fill mode */
+
+/* MISC 1 bits (AD1986 register 0x76) */
+#define AC97_AD1986_MBC		0x0003	/* mic boost */
+#define AC97_AD1986_MBC_20	0x0000	/* +20dB */
+#define AC97_AD1986_MBC_10	0x0001	/* +10dB */
+#define AC97_AD1986_MBC_30	0x0002	/* +30dB */
+#define AC97_AD1986_LISEL0	0x0004	/* LINE_IN select bit 0 */
+#define AC97_AD1986_LISEL1	0x0008	/* LINE_IN select bit 1 */
+#define AC97_AD1986_LISEL_MASK	(AC97_AD1986_LISEL1 | AC97_AD1986_LISEL0)
+#define AC97_AD1986_LISEL_LI	0x0000  /* LINE_IN pins as LINE_IN source */
+#define AC97_AD1986_LISEL_SURR	0x0004  /* SURROUND pins as LINE_IN source */
+#define AC97_AD1986_LISEL_MIC	0x0008  /* MIC_1/2 pins as LINE_IN source */
+#define AC97_AD1986_SRU		0x0010	/* sample rate unlock */
+#define AC97_AD1986_SOSEL	0x0020	/* SURROUND_OUT amplifiers input sel */
+#define AC97_AD1986_2MIC	0x0040	/* 2-channel mic select */
+#define AC97_AD1986_SPRD	0x0080	/* SPREAD enable */
+#define AC97_AD1986_DMIX0	0x0100	/* downmix mode: */
+					/*  0 = 6-to-4, 1 = 6-to-2 downmix */
+#define AC97_AD1986_DMIX1	0x0200	/* downmix mode: 1 = enabled */
+#define AC97_AD1986_CLDIS	0x0800	/* center/lfe disable */
+#define AC97_AD1986_SODIS	0x1000	/* SURROUND_OUT disable */
+#define AC97_AD1986_MSPLT	0x2000	/* mute split (read only 1) */
+#define AC97_AD1986_AC97NC	0x4000	/* AC97 no compatible mode (r/o 1) */
+#define AC97_AD1986_DACZ	0x8000	/* DAC zero-fill mode */
+
+/* MISC 2 bits (AD1986 register 0x70) */
+#define AC97_AD_MISC2		0x70	/* Misc Control Bits 2 (AD1986) */
+
+#define AC97_AD1986_CVREF0	0x0004	/* C/LFE VREF_OUT 2.25V */
+#define AC97_AD1986_CVREF1	0x0008	/* C/LFE VREF_OUT 0V */
+#define AC97_AD1986_CVREF2	0x0010	/* C/LFE VREF_OUT 3.7V */
+#define AC97_AD1986_CVREF_MASK \
+	(AC97_AD1986_CVREF2 | AC97_AD1986_CVREF1 | AC97_AD1986_CVREF0)
+#define AC97_AD1986_JSMAP	0x0020	/* Jack Sense Mapping 1 = alternate */
+#define AC97_AD1986_MMDIS	0x0080	/* Mono Mute Disable */
+#define AC97_AD1986_MVREF0	0x0400	/* MIC VREF_OUT 2.25V */
+#define AC97_AD1986_MVREF1	0x0800	/* MIC VREF_OUT 0V */
+#define AC97_AD1986_MVREF2	0x1000	/* MIC VREF_OUT 3.7V */
+#define AC97_AD1986_MVREF_MASK \
+	(AC97_AD1986_MVREF2 | AC97_AD1986_MVREF1 | AC97_AD1986_MVREF0)
+
+/* MISC 3 bits (AD1986 register 0x7a) */
+#define AC97_AD_MISC3		0x7a	/* Misc Control Bits 3 (AD1986) */
+
+#define AC97_AD1986_MMIX	0x0004	/* Mic Mix, left/right */
+#define AC97_AD1986_GPO		0x0008	/* General Purpose Out */
+#define AC97_AD1986_LOHPEN	0x0010	/* LINE_OUT headphone drive */
+#define AC97_AD1986_LVREF0	0x0100	/* LINE_OUT VREF_OUT 2.25V */
+#define AC97_AD1986_LVREF1	0x0200	/* LINE_OUT VREF_OUT 0V */
+#define AC97_AD1986_LVREF2	0x0400	/* LINE_OUT VREF_OUT 3.7V */
+#define AC97_AD1986_LVREF_MASK \
+	(AC97_AD1986_LVREF2 | AC97_AD1986_LVREF1 | AC97_AD1986_LVREF0)
+#define AC97_AD1986_JSINVA	0x0800	/* Jack Sense Invert SENSE_A */
+#define AC97_AD1986_LOSEL	0x1000	/* LINE_OUT amplifiers input select */
+#define AC97_AD1986_HPSEL0	0x2000	/* Headphone amplifiers */
+					/*   input select Surround DACs */
+#define AC97_AD1986_HPSEL1	0x4000	/* Headphone amplifiers input */
+					/*   select C/LFE DACs */
+#define AC97_AD1986_JSINVB	0x8000	/* Jack Sense Invert SENSE_B */
+
+/* Serial Config bits (AD1986 register 0x74) (incomplete) */
+#define AC97_AD1986_OMS0	0x0100	/* Optional Mic Selector bit 0 */
+#define AC97_AD1986_OMS1	0x0200	/* Optional Mic Selector bit 1 */
+#define AC97_AD1986_OMS2	0x0400	/* Optional Mic Selector bit 2 */
+#define AC97_AD1986_OMS_MASK \
+	(AC97_AD1986_OMS2 | AC97_AD1986_OMS1 | AC97_AD1986_OMS0)
+#define AC97_AD1986_OMS_M	0x0000  /* MIC_1/2 pins are MIC sources */
+#define AC97_AD1986_OMS_L	0x0100  /* LINE_IN pins are MIC sources */
+#define AC97_AD1986_OMS_C	0x0200  /* Center/LFE pins are MCI sources */
+#define AC97_AD1986_OMS_MC	0x0400  /* Mix of MIC and C/LFE pins */
+					/*   are MIC sources */
+#define AC97_AD1986_OMS_ML	0x0500  /* MIX of MIC and LINE_IN pins */
+					/*   are MIC sources */
+#define AC97_AD1986_OMS_LC	0x0600  /* MIX of LINE_IN and C/LFE pins */
+					/*   are MIC sources */
+#define AC97_AD1986_OMS_MLC	0x0700  /* MIX of MIC, LINE_IN, C/LFE pins */
+					/*   are MIC sources */
+
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad198x_spdif_source_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[2] = { "AC-Link", "A/D Converter" };
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 2, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad198x_spdif_source_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	val = ac97->regs[AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG];
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = (val >> 2) & 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad198x_spdif_source_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] > 1)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	val = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] << 2;
+	return snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 0x0004, val);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_ad198x_spdif_source = {
+	.iface	= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name	= SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,NONE) "Source",
+	.info	= snd_ac97_ad198x_spdif_source_info,
+	.get	= snd_ac97_ad198x_spdif_source_get,
+	.put	= snd_ac97_ad198x_spdif_source_put,
+};
+
+static int patch_ad198x_post_spdif(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+ 	return patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_ad198x_spdif_source, 1);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_ad1981x_jack_sense[] = {
+	AC97_SINGLE("Headphone Jack Sense", AC97_AD_JACK_SPDIF, 11, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Line Jack Sense", AC97_AD_JACK_SPDIF, 12, 1, 0),
+};
+
+/* deny list to avoid HP/Line jack-sense controls
+ * (SS vendor << 16 | device)
+ */
+static const unsigned int ad1981_jacks_denylist[] = {
+	0x10140523, /* Thinkpad R40 */
+	0x10140534, /* Thinkpad X31 */
+	0x10140537, /* Thinkpad T41p */
+	0x1014053e, /* Thinkpad R40e */
+	0x10140554, /* Thinkpad T42p/R50p */
+	0x10140567, /* Thinkpad T43p 2668-G7U */
+	0x10140581, /* Thinkpad X41-2527 */
+	0x10280160, /* Dell Dimension 2400 */
+	0x104380b0, /* Asus A7V8X-MX */
+	0x11790241, /* Toshiba Satellite A-15 S127 */
+	0x1179ff10, /* Toshiba P500 */
+	0x144dc01a, /* Samsung NP-X20C004/SEG */
+	0 /* end */
+};
+
+static int check_list(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, const unsigned int *list)
+{
+	u32 subid = ((u32)ac97->subsystem_vendor << 16) | ac97->subsystem_device;
+	for (; *list; list++)
+		if (*list == subid)
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int patch_ad1981a_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	if (check_list(ac97, ad1981_jacks_denylist))
+		return 0;
+	return patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_ad1981x_jack_sense,
+				    ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_ad1981x_jack_sense));
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_ad1981a_build_ops = {
+	.build_post_spdif = patch_ad198x_post_spdif,
+	.build_specific = patch_ad1981a_specific,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.resume = ad18xx_resume
+#endif
+};
+
+/* allow list to enable HP jack-sense bits
+ * (SS vendor << 16 | device)
+ */
+static const unsigned int ad1981_jacks_allowlist[] = {
+	0x0e11005a, /* HP nc4000/4010 */
+	0x103c0890, /* HP nc6000 */
+	0x103c0938, /* HP nc4220 */
+	0x103c099c, /* HP nx6110 */
+	0x103c0944, /* HP nc6220 */
+	0x103c0934, /* HP nc8220 */
+	0x103c006d, /* HP nx9105 */
+	0x103c300d, /* HP Compaq dc5100 SFF(PT003AW) */
+	0x17340088, /* FSC Scenic-W */
+	0 /* end */
+};
+
+static void check_ad1981_hp_jack_sense(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	if (check_list(ac97, ad1981_jacks_allowlist))
+		/* enable headphone jack sense */
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_JACK_SPDIF, 1<<11, 1<<11);
+}
+
+static int patch_ad1981a(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	patch_ad1881(ac97);
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_ad1981a_build_ops;
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC, AC97_AD198X_MSPLT, AC97_AD198X_MSPLT);
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_STEREO_MUTES;
+	check_ad1981_hp_jack_sense(ac97);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_ad198x_2cmic =
+AC97_SINGLE("Stereo Mic", AC97_AD_MISC, 6, 1, 0);
+
+static int patch_ad1981b_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_ad198x_2cmic, 1)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (check_list(ac97, ad1981_jacks_denylist))
+		return 0;
+	return patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_ad1981x_jack_sense,
+				    ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_ad1981x_jack_sense));
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_ad1981b_build_ops = {
+	.build_post_spdif = patch_ad198x_post_spdif,
+	.build_specific = patch_ad1981b_specific,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.resume = ad18xx_resume
+#endif
+};
+
+static int patch_ad1981b(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	patch_ad1881(ac97);
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_ad1981b_build_ops;
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC, AC97_AD198X_MSPLT, AC97_AD198X_MSPLT);
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_STEREO_MUTES;
+	check_ad1981_hp_jack_sense(ac97);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define snd_ac97_ad1888_lohpsel_info	snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1888_lohpsel_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	val = ac97->regs[AC97_AD_MISC];
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = !(val & AC97_AD198X_LOSEL);
+	if (ac97->spec.ad18xx.lo_as_master)
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] =
+			!ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1888_lohpsel_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	val = !ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	if (ac97->spec.ad18xx.lo_as_master)
+		val = !val;
+	val = val ? (AC97_AD198X_LOSEL | AC97_AD198X_HPSEL) : 0;
+	return snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC,
+				    AC97_AD198X_LOSEL | AC97_AD198X_HPSEL, val);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1888_downmix_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[3] = {"Off", "6 -> 4", "6 -> 2"};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 3, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1888_downmix_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	val = ac97->regs[AC97_AD_MISC];
+	if (!(val & AC97_AD198X_DMIX1))
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 0;
+	else
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 1 + ((val >> 8) & 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1888_downmix_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] > 2)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] == 0)
+		val = 0;
+	else
+		val = AC97_AD198X_DMIX1 |
+			((ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] - 1) << 8);
+	return snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC,
+				    AC97_AD198X_DMIX0 | AC97_AD198X_DMIX1, val);
+}
+
+static void ad1888_update_jacks(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	unsigned short val = 0;
+	/* clear LODIS if shared jack is to be used for Surround out */
+	if (!ac97->spec.ad18xx.lo_as_master && is_shared_linein(ac97))
+		val |= (1 << 12);
+	/* clear CLDIS if shared jack is to be used for C/LFE out */
+	if (is_shared_micin(ac97))
+		val |= (1 << 11);
+	/* shared Line-In */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC, (1 << 11) | (1 << 12), val);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_ad1888_controls[] = {
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = "Exchange Front/Surround",
+		.info = snd_ac97_ad1888_lohpsel_info,
+		.get = snd_ac97_ad1888_lohpsel_get,
+		.put = snd_ac97_ad1888_lohpsel_put
+	},
+	AC97_SINGLE("V_REFOUT Enable", AC97_AD_MISC, AC97_AD_VREFD_SHIFT, 1, 1),
+	AC97_SINGLE("High Pass Filter Enable", AC97_AD_TEST2,
+			AC97_AD_HPFD_SHIFT, 1, 1),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Spread Front to Surround and Center/LFE", AC97_AD_MISC, 7, 1, 0),
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = "Downmix",
+		.info = snd_ac97_ad1888_downmix_info,
+		.get = snd_ac97_ad1888_downmix_get,
+		.put = snd_ac97_ad1888_downmix_put
+	},
+	AC97_SURROUND_JACK_MODE_CTL,
+	AC97_CHANNEL_MODE_CTL,
+
+	AC97_SINGLE("Headphone Jack Sense", AC97_AD_JACK_SPDIF, 10, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Line Jack Sense", AC97_AD_JACK_SPDIF, 12, 1, 0),
+};
+
+static int patch_ad1888_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	if (!ac97->spec.ad18xx.lo_as_master) {
+		/* rename 0x04 as "Master" and 0x02 as "Master Surround" */
+		snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97, "Master Playback",
+					"Master Surround Playback");
+		snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97, "Headphone Playback",
+					"Master Playback");
+	}
+	return patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_ad1888_controls, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_ad1888_controls));
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_ad1888_build_ops = {
+	.build_post_spdif = patch_ad198x_post_spdif,
+	.build_specific = patch_ad1888_specific,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.resume = ad1888_resume,
+#endif
+	.update_jacks = ad1888_update_jacks,
+};
+
+static int patch_ad1888(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	unsigned short misc;
+	
+	patch_ad1881(ac97);
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_ad1888_build_ops;
+
+	/*
+	 * LO can be used as a real line-out on some devices,
+	 * and we need to revert the front/surround mixer switches
+	 */
+	if (ac97->subsystem_vendor == 0x1043 &&
+	    ac97->subsystem_device == 0x1193) /* ASUS A9T laptop */
+		ac97->spec.ad18xx.lo_as_master = 1;
+
+	misc = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC);
+	/* AD-compatible mode */
+	/* Stereo mutes enabled */
+	misc |= AC97_AD198X_MSPLT | AC97_AD198X_AC97NC;
+	if (!ac97->spec.ad18xx.lo_as_master)
+		/* Switch FRONT/SURROUND LINE-OUT/HP-OUT default connection */
+		/* it seems that most vendors connect line-out connector to
+		 * headphone out of AC'97
+		 */
+		misc |= AC97_AD198X_LOSEL | AC97_AD198X_HPSEL;
+
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC, misc);
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_STEREO_MUTES;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int patch_ad1980_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = patch_ad1888_specific(ac97)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	return patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_ad198x_2cmic, 1);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_ad1980_build_ops = {
+	.build_post_spdif = patch_ad198x_post_spdif,
+	.build_specific = patch_ad1980_specific,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.resume = ad18xx_resume,
+#endif
+	.update_jacks = ad1888_update_jacks,
+};
+
+static int patch_ad1980(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	patch_ad1888(ac97);
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_ad1980_build_ops;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1985_vrefout_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[4] = {
+		"High-Z", "3.7 V", "2.25 V", "0 V"
+	};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 4, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1985_vrefout_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	static const int reg2ctrl[4] = {2, 0, 1, 3};
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+	val = (ac97->regs[AC97_AD_MISC] & AC97_AD198X_VREF_MASK)
+	      >> AC97_AD198X_VREF_SHIFT;
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = reg2ctrl[val];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1985_vrefout_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, 
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	static const int ctrl2reg[4] = {1, 2, 0, 3};
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] > 3)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	val = ctrl2reg[ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0]]
+	      << AC97_AD198X_VREF_SHIFT;
+	return snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC,
+				    AC97_AD198X_VREF_MASK, val);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_ad1985_controls[] = {
+	AC97_SINGLE("Exchange Center/LFE", AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 3, 1, 0),
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = "Exchange Front/Surround",
+		.info = snd_ac97_ad1888_lohpsel_info,
+		.get = snd_ac97_ad1888_lohpsel_get,
+		.put = snd_ac97_ad1888_lohpsel_put
+	},
+	AC97_SINGLE("High Pass Filter Enable", AC97_AD_TEST2, 12, 1, 1),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Spread Front to Surround and Center/LFE",
+		    AC97_AD_MISC, 7, 1, 0),
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = "Downmix",
+		.info = snd_ac97_ad1888_downmix_info,
+		.get = snd_ac97_ad1888_downmix_get,
+		.put = snd_ac97_ad1888_downmix_put
+	},
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = "V_REFOUT",
+		.info = snd_ac97_ad1985_vrefout_info,
+		.get = snd_ac97_ad1985_vrefout_get,
+		.put = snd_ac97_ad1985_vrefout_put
+	},
+	AC97_SURROUND_JACK_MODE_CTL,
+	AC97_CHANNEL_MODE_CTL,
+
+	AC97_SINGLE("Headphone Jack Sense", AC97_AD_JACK_SPDIF, 10, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Line Jack Sense", AC97_AD_JACK_SPDIF, 12, 1, 0),
+};
+
+static void ad1985_update_jacks(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	ad1888_update_jacks(ac97);
+	/* clear OMS if shared jack is to be used for C/LFE out */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 1 << 9,
+			     is_shared_micin(ac97) ? 1 << 9 : 0);
+}
+
+static int patch_ad1985_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	/* rename 0x04 as "Master" and 0x02 as "Master Surround" */
+	snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97, "Master Playback",
+				"Master Surround Playback");
+	snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97, "Headphone Playback", "Master Playback");
+
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_ad198x_2cmic, 1)) < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	return patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_ad1985_controls,
+				    ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_ad1985_controls));
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_ad1985_build_ops = {
+	.build_post_spdif = patch_ad198x_post_spdif,
+	.build_specific = patch_ad1985_specific,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.resume = ad18xx_resume,
+#endif
+	.update_jacks = ad1985_update_jacks,
+};
+
+static int patch_ad1985(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	unsigned short misc;
+	
+	patch_ad1881(ac97);
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_ad1985_build_ops;
+	misc = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC);
+	/* switch front/surround line-out/hp-out */
+	/* AD-compatible mode */
+	/* Stereo mutes enabled */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC, misc |
+			     AC97_AD198X_LOSEL |
+			     AC97_AD198X_HPSEL |
+			     AC97_AD198X_MSPLT |
+			     AC97_AD198X_AC97NC);
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_STEREO_MUTES;
+
+	/* update current jack configuration */
+	ad1985_update_jacks(ac97);
+
+	/* on AD1985 rev. 3, AC'97 revision bits are zero */
+	ac97->ext_id = (ac97->ext_id & ~AC97_EI_REV_MASK) | AC97_EI_REV_23;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define snd_ac97_ad1986_bool_info	snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1986_lososel_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	val = ac97->regs[AC97_AD_MISC3];
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (val & AC97_AD1986_LOSEL) != 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1986_lososel_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int ret0;
+	int ret1;
+	int sprd = (ac97->regs[AC97_AD_MISC] & AC97_AD1986_SPRD) != 0;
+
+	ret0 = snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC3, AC97_AD1986_LOSEL,
+					ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] != 0
+				    ? AC97_AD1986_LOSEL : 0);
+	if (ret0 < 0)
+		return ret0;
+
+	/* SOSEL is set to values of "Spread" or "Exchange F/S" controls */
+	ret1 = snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC, AC97_AD1986_SOSEL,
+				    (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] != 0
+				     || sprd)
+				    ? AC97_AD1986_SOSEL : 0);
+	if (ret1 < 0)
+		return ret1;
+
+	return (ret0 > 0 || ret1 > 0) ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1986_spread_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	val = ac97->regs[AC97_AD_MISC];
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (val & AC97_AD1986_SPRD) != 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1986_spread_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int ret0;
+	int ret1;
+	int sprd = (ac97->regs[AC97_AD_MISC3] & AC97_AD1986_LOSEL) != 0;
+
+	ret0 = snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC, AC97_AD1986_SPRD,
+					ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] != 0
+				    ? AC97_AD1986_SPRD : 0);
+	if (ret0 < 0)
+		return ret0;
+
+	/* SOSEL is set to values of "Spread" or "Exchange F/S" controls */
+	ret1 = snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC, AC97_AD1986_SOSEL,
+				    (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] != 0
+				     || sprd)
+				    ? AC97_AD1986_SOSEL : 0);
+	if (ret1 < 0)
+		return ret1;
+
+	return (ret0 > 0 || ret1 > 0) ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1986_miclisel_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = ac97->spec.ad18xx.swap_mic_linein;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1986_miclisel_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned char swap = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] != 0;
+
+	if (swap != ac97->spec.ad18xx.swap_mic_linein) {
+		ac97->spec.ad18xx.swap_mic_linein = swap;
+		if (ac97->build_ops->update_jacks)
+			ac97->build_ops->update_jacks(ac97);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1986_vrefout_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	/* Use MIC_1/2 V_REFOUT as the "get" value */
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+	unsigned short reg = ac97->regs[AC97_AD_MISC2];
+	if ((reg & AC97_AD1986_MVREF0) != 0)
+		val = 2;
+	else if ((reg & AC97_AD1986_MVREF1) != 0)
+		val = 3;
+	else if ((reg & AC97_AD1986_MVREF2) != 0)
+		val = 1;
+	else
+		val = 0;
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = val;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_ad1986_vrefout_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short cval;
+	unsigned short lval;
+	unsigned short mval;
+	int cret;
+	int lret;
+	int mret;
+
+	switch (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0])
+	{
+	case 0: /* High-Z */
+		cval = 0;
+		lval = 0;
+		mval = 0;
+		break;
+	case 1: /* 3.7 V */
+		cval = AC97_AD1986_CVREF2;
+		lval = AC97_AD1986_LVREF2;
+		mval = AC97_AD1986_MVREF2;
+		break;
+	case 2: /* 2.25 V */
+		cval = AC97_AD1986_CVREF0;
+		lval = AC97_AD1986_LVREF0;
+		mval = AC97_AD1986_MVREF0;
+		break;
+	case 3: /* 0 V */
+		cval = AC97_AD1986_CVREF1;
+		lval = AC97_AD1986_LVREF1;
+		mval = AC97_AD1986_MVREF1;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	cret = snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC2,
+				    AC97_AD1986_CVREF_MASK, cval);
+	if (cret < 0)
+		return cret;
+	lret = snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC3,
+				    AC97_AD1986_LVREF_MASK, lval);
+	if (lret < 0)
+		return lret;
+	mret = snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC2,
+				    AC97_AD1986_MVREF_MASK, mval);
+	if (mret < 0)
+		return mret;
+
+	return (cret > 0 || lret > 0 || mret > 0) ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_ad1986_controls[] = {
+	AC97_SINGLE("Exchange Center/LFE", AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 3, 1, 0),
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = "Exchange Front/Surround",
+		.info = snd_ac97_ad1986_bool_info,
+		.get = snd_ac97_ad1986_lososel_get,
+		.put = snd_ac97_ad1986_lososel_put
+	},
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = "Exchange Mic/Line In",
+		.info = snd_ac97_ad1986_bool_info,
+		.get = snd_ac97_ad1986_miclisel_get,
+		.put = snd_ac97_ad1986_miclisel_put
+	},
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = "Spread Front to Surround and Center/LFE",
+		.info = snd_ac97_ad1986_bool_info,
+		.get = snd_ac97_ad1986_spread_get,
+		.put = snd_ac97_ad1986_spread_put
+	},
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = "Downmix",
+		.info = snd_ac97_ad1888_downmix_info,
+		.get = snd_ac97_ad1888_downmix_get,
+		.put = snd_ac97_ad1888_downmix_put
+	},
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = "V_REFOUT",
+		.info = snd_ac97_ad1985_vrefout_info,
+		.get = snd_ac97_ad1986_vrefout_get,
+		.put = snd_ac97_ad1986_vrefout_put
+	},
+	AC97_SURROUND_JACK_MODE_CTL,
+	AC97_CHANNEL_MODE_CTL,
+
+	AC97_SINGLE("Headphone Jack Sense", AC97_AD_JACK_SPDIF, 10, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Line Jack Sense", AC97_AD_JACK_SPDIF, 12, 1, 0)
+};
+
+static void ad1986_update_jacks(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	unsigned short misc_val = 0;
+	unsigned short ser_val;
+
+	/* disable SURROUND and CENTER/LFE if not surround mode */
+	if (!is_surround_on(ac97))
+		misc_val |= AC97_AD1986_SODIS;
+	if (!is_clfe_on(ac97))
+		misc_val |= AC97_AD1986_CLDIS;
+
+	/* select line input (default=LINE_IN, SURROUND or MIC_1/2) */
+	if (is_shared_linein(ac97))
+		misc_val |= AC97_AD1986_LISEL_SURR;
+	else if (ac97->spec.ad18xx.swap_mic_linein != 0)
+		misc_val |= AC97_AD1986_LISEL_MIC;
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_MISC,
+			     AC97_AD1986_SODIS | AC97_AD1986_CLDIS |
+			     AC97_AD1986_LISEL_MASK,
+			     misc_val);
+
+	/* select microphone input (MIC_1/2, Center/LFE or LINE_IN) */
+	if (is_shared_micin(ac97))
+		ser_val = AC97_AD1986_OMS_C;
+	else if (ac97->spec.ad18xx.swap_mic_linein != 0)
+		ser_val = AC97_AD1986_OMS_L;
+	else
+		ser_val = AC97_AD1986_OMS_M;
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG,
+			     AC97_AD1986_OMS_MASK,
+			     ser_val);
+}
+
+static int patch_ad1986_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_ad198x_2cmic, 1)) < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	return patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_ad1986_controls,
+				    ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_ad1985_controls));
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_ad1986_build_ops = {
+	.build_post_spdif = patch_ad198x_post_spdif,
+	.build_specific = patch_ad1986_specific,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.resume = ad18xx_resume,
+#endif
+	.update_jacks = ad1986_update_jacks,
+};
+
+static int patch_ad1986(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	patch_ad1881(ac97);
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_ad1986_build_ops;
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_STEREO_MUTES;
+
+	/* update current jack configuration */
+	ad1986_update_jacks(ac97);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * realtek ALC203: use mono-out for pin 37
+ */
+static int patch_alc203(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, 0x7a, 0x400, 0x400);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * realtek ALC65x/850 codecs
+ */
+static void alc650_update_jacks(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	int shared;
+	
+	/* shared Line-In / Surround Out */
+	shared = is_shared_surrout(ac97);
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 1 << 9,
+			     shared ? (1 << 9) : 0);
+	/* update shared Mic In / Center/LFE Out */
+	shared = is_shared_clfeout(ac97);
+	/* disable/enable vref */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_ALC650_CLOCK, 1 << 12,
+			     shared ? (1 << 12) : 0);
+	/* turn on/off center-on-mic */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 1 << 10,
+			     shared ? (1 << 10) : 0);
+	/* GPIO0 high for mic */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_ALC650_GPIO_STATUS, 0x100,
+			     shared ? 0 : 0x100);
+}
+
+static int alc650_swap_surround_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct snd_pcm_chmap *map = ac97->chmaps[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK];
+
+	if (map) {
+		if (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0])
+			map->chmap = snd_pcm_std_chmaps;
+		else
+			map->chmap = snd_pcm_alt_chmaps;
+	}
+	return snd_ac97_put_volsw(kcontrol, ucontrol);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_alc650[] = {
+	AC97_SINGLE("Duplicate Front", AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 0, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Surround Down Mix", AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 1, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Center/LFE Down Mix", AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 2, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Exchange Center/LFE", AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 3, 1, 0),
+	/* 4: Analog Input To Surround */
+	/* 5: Analog Input To Center/LFE */
+	/* 6: Independent Master Volume Right */
+	/* 7: Independent Master Volume Left */
+	/* 8: reserved */
+	/* 9: Line-In/Surround share */
+	/* 10: Mic/CLFE share */
+	/* 11-13: in IEC958 controls */
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = "Swap Surround Slot",
+		.info = snd_ac97_info_volsw,
+		.get = snd_ac97_get_volsw,
+		.put = alc650_swap_surround_put,
+		.private_value =  AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 14, 1, 0),
+	},
+#if 0 /* always set in patch_alc650 */
+	AC97_SINGLE("IEC958 Input Clock Enable", AC97_ALC650_CLOCK, 0, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("IEC958 Input Pin Enable", AC97_ALC650_CLOCK, 1, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Surround DAC Switch", AC97_ALC650_SURR_DAC_VOL, 15, 1, 1),
+	AC97_DOUBLE("Surround DAC Volume", AC97_ALC650_SURR_DAC_VOL, 8, 0, 31, 1),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Center/LFE DAC Switch", AC97_ALC650_LFE_DAC_VOL, 15, 1, 1),
+	AC97_DOUBLE("Center/LFE DAC Volume", AC97_ALC650_LFE_DAC_VOL, 8, 0, 31, 1),
+#endif
+	AC97_SURROUND_JACK_MODE_CTL,
+	AC97_CHANNEL_MODE_CTL,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc650[] = {
+        AC97_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",CAPTURE,SWITCH), AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 11, 1, 0),
+        AC97_SINGLE("Analog to IEC958 Output", AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 12, 1, 0),
+	/* disable this controls since it doesn't work as expected */
+	/* AC97_SINGLE("IEC958 Input Monitor", AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 13, 1, 0), */
+};
+
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_5bit_3db_max, -4350, 150, 0);
+
+static int patch_alc650_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_alc650, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_alc650))) < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF) {
+		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc650, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc650))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	if (ac97->id != AC97_ID_ALC650F)
+		reset_tlv(ac97, "Master Playback Volume",
+			  db_scale_5bit_3db_max);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_alc650_ops = {
+	.build_specific	= patch_alc650_specific,
+	.update_jacks = alc650_update_jacks
+};
+
+static int patch_alc650(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_alc650_ops;
+
+	/* determine the revision */
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_ALC650_REVISION) & 0x3f;
+	if (val < 3)
+		ac97->id = 0x414c4720;          /* Old version */
+	else if (val < 0x10)
+		ac97->id = 0x414c4721;          /* D version */
+	else if (val < 0x20)
+		ac97->id = 0x414c4722;          /* E version */
+	else if (val < 0x30)
+		ac97->id = 0x414c4723;          /* F version */
+
+	/* revision E or F */
+	/* FIXME: what about revision D ? */
+	ac97->spec.dev_flags = (ac97->id == 0x414c4722 ||
+				ac97->id == 0x414c4723);
+
+	/* enable AC97_ALC650_GPIO_SETUP, AC97_ALC650_CLOCK for R/W */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_ALC650_GPIO_STATUS, 
+		snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_ALC650_GPIO_STATUS) | 0x8000);
+
+	/* Enable SPDIF-IN only on Rev.E and above */
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_ALC650_CLOCK);
+	/* SPDIF IN with pin 47 */
+	if (ac97->spec.dev_flags &&
+	    /* ASUS A6KM requires EAPD */
+	    ! (ac97->subsystem_vendor == 0x1043 &&
+	       ac97->subsystem_device == 0x1103))
+		val |= 0x03; /* enable */
+	else
+		val &= ~0x03; /* disable */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_ALC650_CLOCK, val);
+
+	/* set default: slot 3,4,7,8,6,9
+	   spdif-in monitor off, analog-spdif off, spdif-in off
+	   center on mic off, surround on line-in off
+	   downmix off, duplicate front off
+	*/
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 0);
+
+	/* set GPIO0 for mic bias */
+	/* GPIO0 pin output, no interrupt, high */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_ALC650_GPIO_SETUP,
+			     snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_ALC650_GPIO_SETUP) | 0x01);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_ALC650_GPIO_STATUS,
+			     (snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_ALC650_GPIO_STATUS) | 0x100) & ~0x10);
+
+	/* full DAC volume */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_ALC650_SURR_DAC_VOL, 0x0808);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_ALC650_LFE_DAC_VOL, 0x0808);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void alc655_update_jacks(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	int shared;
+	
+	/* shared Line-In / Surround Out */
+	shared = is_shared_surrout(ac97);
+	ac97_update_bits_page(ac97, AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 1 << 9,
+			      shared ? (1 << 9) : 0, 0);
+	/* update shared Mic In / Center/LFE Out */
+	shared = is_shared_clfeout(ac97);
+	/* misc control; vrefout disable */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_ALC650_CLOCK, 1 << 12,
+			     shared ? (1 << 12) : 0);
+	ac97_update_bits_page(ac97, AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 1 << 10,
+			      shared ? (1 << 10) : 0, 0);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_alc655[] = {
+	AC97_PAGE_SINGLE("Duplicate Front", AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 0, 1, 0, 0),
+	AC97_SURROUND_JACK_MODE_CTL,
+	AC97_CHANNEL_MODE_CTL,
+};
+
+static int alc655_iec958_route_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts_655[3] = {
+		"PCM", "Analog In", "IEC958 In"
+	};
+	static const char * const texts_658[4] = {
+		"PCM", "Analog1 In", "Analog2 In", "IEC958 In"
+	};
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	if (ac97->spec.dev_flags)
+		return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 4, texts_658);
+	else
+		return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 3, texts_655);
+}
+
+static int alc655_iec958_route_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	val = ac97->regs[AC97_ALC650_MULTICH];
+	val = (val >> 12) & 3;
+	if (ac97->spec.dev_flags && val == 3)
+		val = 0;
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = val;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int alc655_iec958_route_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	return ac97_update_bits_page(ac97, AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 3 << 12,
+				     (unsigned short)ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] << 12,
+				     0);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc655[] = {
+        AC97_PAGE_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",CAPTURE,SWITCH), AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 11, 1, 0, 0),
+	/* disable this controls since it doesn't work as expected */
+        /* AC97_PAGE_SINGLE("IEC958 Input Monitor", AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 14, 1, 0, 0), */
+	{
+		.iface  = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name   = SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,NONE) "Source",
+		.info   = alc655_iec958_route_info,
+		.get    = alc655_iec958_route_get,
+		.put    = alc655_iec958_route_put,
+	},
+};
+
+static int patch_alc655_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_alc655, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_alc655))) < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF) {
+		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc655, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc655))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_alc655_ops = {
+	.build_specific	= patch_alc655_specific,
+	.update_jacks = alc655_update_jacks
+};
+
+static int patch_alc655(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	unsigned int val;
+
+	if (ac97->id == AC97_ID_ALC658) {
+		ac97->spec.dev_flags = 1; /* ALC658 */
+		if ((snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_ALC650_REVISION) & 0x3f) == 2) {
+			ac97->id = AC97_ID_ALC658D;
+			ac97->spec.dev_flags = 2;
+		}
+	}
+
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_alc655_ops;
+
+	/* assume only page 0 for writing cache */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING, AC97_PAGE_MASK, AC97_PAGE_VENDOR);
+
+	/* adjust default values */
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, 0x7a); /* misc control */
+	if (ac97->spec.dev_flags) /* ALC658 */
+		val &= ~(1 << 1); /* Pin 47 is spdif input pin */
+	else { /* ALC655 */
+		if (ac97->subsystem_vendor == 0x1462 &&
+		    (ac97->subsystem_device == 0x0131 || /* MSI S270 laptop */
+		     ac97->subsystem_device == 0x0161 || /* LG K1 Express */
+		     ac97->subsystem_device == 0x0351 || /* MSI L725 laptop */
+		     ac97->subsystem_device == 0x0471 || /* MSI L720 laptop */
+		     ac97->subsystem_device == 0x0061))  /* MSI S250 laptop */
+			val &= ~(1 << 1); /* Pin 47 is EAPD (for internal speaker) */
+		else
+			val |= (1 << 1); /* Pin 47 is spdif input pin */
+		/* this seems missing on some hardwares */
+		ac97->ext_id |= AC97_EI_SPDIF;
+	}
+	val &= ~(1 << 12); /* vref enable */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x7a, val);
+	/* set default: spdif-in enabled,
+	   spdif-in monitor off, spdif-in PCM off
+	   center on mic off, surround on line-in off
+	   duplicate front off
+	*/
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 1<<15);
+
+	/* full DAC volume */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_ALC650_SURR_DAC_VOL, 0x0808);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_ALC650_LFE_DAC_VOL, 0x0808);
+
+	/* update undocumented bit... */
+	if (ac97->id == AC97_ID_ALC658D)
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, 0x74, 0x0800, 0x0800);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+#define AC97_ALC850_JACK_SELECT	0x76
+#define AC97_ALC850_MISC1	0x7a
+#define AC97_ALC850_MULTICH    0x6a
+
+static void alc850_update_jacks(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	int shared;
+	int aux_is_back_surround;
+	
+	/* shared Line-In / Surround Out */
+	shared = is_shared_surrout(ac97);
+	/* SURR 1kOhm (bit4), Amp (bit5) */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_ALC850_MISC1, (1<<4)|(1<<5),
+			     shared ? (1<<5) : (1<<4));
+	/* LINE-IN = 0, SURROUND = 2 */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_ALC850_JACK_SELECT, 7 << 12,
+			     shared ? (2<<12) : (0<<12));
+	/* update shared Mic In / Center/LFE Out */
+	shared = is_shared_clfeout(ac97);
+	/* Vref disable (bit12), 1kOhm (bit13) */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_ALC850_MISC1, (1<<12)|(1<<13),
+			     shared ? (1<<12) : (1<<13));
+	/* MIC-IN = 1, CENTER-LFE = 5 */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_ALC850_JACK_SELECT, 7 << 4,
+			     shared ? (5<<4) : (1<<4));
+
+	aux_is_back_surround = alc850_is_aux_back_surround(ac97);
+	/* Aux is Back Surround */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_ALC850_MULTICH, 1 << 10,
+				 aux_is_back_surround ? (1<<10) : (0<<10));
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_alc850[] = {
+	AC97_PAGE_SINGLE("Duplicate Front", AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 0, 1, 0, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Mic Front Input Switch", AC97_ALC850_JACK_SELECT, 15, 1, 1),
+	AC97_SURROUND_JACK_MODE_CTL,
+	AC97_CHANNEL_MODE_8CH_CTL,
+};
+
+static int patch_alc850_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_alc850, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_alc850))) < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF) {
+		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc655, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_spdif_controls_alc655))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_alc850_ops = {
+	.build_specific	= patch_alc850_specific,
+	.update_jacks = alc850_update_jacks
+};
+
+static int patch_alc850(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_alc850_ops;
+
+	ac97->spec.dev_flags = 0; /* for IEC958 playback route - ALC655 compatible */
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_HAS_8CH;
+
+	/* assume only page 0 for writing cache */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING, AC97_PAGE_MASK, AC97_PAGE_VENDOR);
+
+	/* adjust default values */
+	/* set default: spdif-in enabled,
+	   spdif-in monitor off, spdif-in PCM off
+	   center on mic off, surround on line-in off
+	   duplicate front off
+	   NB default bit 10=0 = Aux is Capture, not Back Surround
+	*/
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_ALC650_MULTICH, 1<<15);
+	/* SURR_OUT: on, Surr 1kOhm: on, Surr Amp: off, Front 1kOhm: off
+	 * Front Amp: on, Vref: enable, Center 1kOhm: on, Mix: on
+	 */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x7a, (1<<1)|(1<<4)|(0<<5)|(1<<6)|
+			     (1<<7)|(0<<12)|(1<<13)|(0<<14));
+	/* detection UIO2,3: all path floating, UIO3: MIC, Vref2: disable,
+	 * UIO1: FRONT, Vref3: disable, UIO3: LINE, Front-Mic: mute
+	 */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x76, (0<<0)|(0<<2)|(1<<4)|(1<<7)|(2<<8)|
+			     (1<<11)|(0<<12)|(1<<15));
+
+	/* full DAC volume */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_ALC650_SURR_DAC_VOL, 0x0808);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_ALC650_LFE_DAC_VOL, 0x0808);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int patch_aztech_azf3328_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl_3d_center =
+		snd_ac97_find_mixer_ctl(ac97, "3D Control - Center");
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl_3d_depth =
+		snd_ac97_find_mixer_ctl(ac97, "3D Control - Depth");
+
+	/*
+	 * 3D register is different from AC97 standard layout
+	 * (also do some renaming, to resemble Windows driver naming)
+	 */
+	if (kctl_3d_center) {
+		kctl_3d_center->private_value =
+			AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(AC97_3D_CONTROL, 1, 0x07, 0);
+		snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97,
+			"3D Control - Center", "3D Control - Width"
+		);
+	}
+	if (kctl_3d_depth)
+		kctl_3d_depth->private_value =
+			AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(AC97_3D_CONTROL, 8, 0x03, 0);
+
+	/* Aztech Windows driver calls the
+	   equivalent control "Modem Playback", thus rename it: */
+	snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97,
+		"Master Mono Playback", "Modem Playback"
+	);
+	snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97,
+		"Headphone Playback", "FM Synth Playback"
+	);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_aztech_azf3328_ops = {
+	.build_specific	= patch_aztech_azf3328_specific
+};
+
+static int patch_aztech_azf3328(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_aztech_azf3328_ops;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * C-Media CM97xx codecs
+ */
+static void cm9738_update_jacks(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	/* shared Line-In / Surround Out */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_CM9738_VENDOR_CTRL, 1 << 10,
+			     is_shared_surrout(ac97) ? (1 << 10) : 0);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_cm9738_controls[] = {
+	AC97_SINGLE("Duplicate Front", AC97_CM9738_VENDOR_CTRL, 13, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SURROUND_JACK_MODE_CTL,
+	AC97_CHANNEL_MODE_4CH_CTL,
+};
+
+static int patch_cm9738_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	return patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_cm9738_controls, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_cm9738_controls));
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_cm9738_ops = {
+	.build_specific	= patch_cm9738_specific,
+	.update_jacks = cm9738_update_jacks
+};
+
+static int patch_cm9738(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_cm9738_ops;
+	/* FIXME: can anyone confirm below? */
+	/* CM9738 has no PCM volume although the register reacts */
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_HAS_NO_PCM_VOL;
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_PCM, 0x8000);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_cmedia_spdif_playback_source_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[] = { "Analog", "Digital" };
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 2, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_cmedia_spdif_playback_source_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	val = ac97->regs[AC97_CM9739_SPDIF_CTRL];
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = (val >> 1) & 0x01;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_cmedia_spdif_playback_source_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	return snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_CM9739_SPDIF_CTRL,
+				    0x01 << 1, 
+				    (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] & 0x01) << 1);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_cm9739_controls_spdif[] = {
+	/* BIT 0: SPDI_EN - always true */
+	{ /* BIT 1: SPDIFS */
+		.iface	= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name	= SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,NONE) "Source",
+		.info	= snd_ac97_cmedia_spdif_playback_source_info,
+		.get	= snd_ac97_cmedia_spdif_playback_source_get,
+		.put	= snd_ac97_cmedia_spdif_playback_source_put,
+	},
+	/* BIT 2: IG_SPIV */
+	AC97_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",CAPTURE,NONE) "Valid Switch", AC97_CM9739_SPDIF_CTRL, 2, 1, 0),
+	/* BIT 3: SPI2F */
+	AC97_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",CAPTURE,NONE) "Monitor", AC97_CM9739_SPDIF_CTRL, 3, 1, 0), 
+	/* BIT 4: SPI2SDI */
+	AC97_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",CAPTURE,SWITCH), AC97_CM9739_SPDIF_CTRL, 4, 1, 0),
+	/* BIT 8: SPD32 - 32bit SPDIF - not supported yet */
+};
+
+static void cm9739_update_jacks(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	/* shared Line-In / Surround Out */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_CM9739_MULTI_CHAN, 1 << 10,
+			     is_shared_surrout(ac97) ? (1 << 10) : 0);
+	/* shared Mic In / Center/LFE Out **/
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_CM9739_MULTI_CHAN, 0x3000,
+			     is_shared_clfeout(ac97) ? 0x1000 : 0x2000);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_cm9739_controls[] = {
+	AC97_SURROUND_JACK_MODE_CTL,
+	AC97_CHANNEL_MODE_CTL,
+};
+
+static int patch_cm9739_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	return patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_cm9739_controls, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_cm9739_controls));
+}
+
+static int patch_cm9739_post_spdif(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	return patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_cm9739_controls_spdif, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_cm9739_controls_spdif));
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_cm9739_ops = {
+	.build_specific	= patch_cm9739_specific,
+	.build_post_spdif = patch_cm9739_post_spdif,
+	.update_jacks = cm9739_update_jacks
+};
+
+static int patch_cm9739(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_cm9739_ops;
+
+	/* CM9739/A has no Master and PCM volume although the register reacts */
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_HAS_NO_MASTER_VOL | AC97_HAS_NO_PCM_VOL;
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_MASTER, 0x8000);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_PCM, 0x8000);
+
+	/* check spdif */
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS);
+	if (val & AC97_EA_SPCV) {
+		/* enable spdif in */
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_CM9739_SPDIF_CTRL,
+				     snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_CM9739_SPDIF_CTRL) | 0x01);
+		ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_SPDIF] = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000; /* 48k only */
+	} else {
+		ac97->ext_id &= ~AC97_EI_SPDIF; /* disable extended-id */
+		ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_SPDIF] = 0;
+	}
+
+	/* set-up multi channel */
+	/* bit 14: 0 = SPDIF, 1 = EAPD */
+	/* bit 13: enable internal vref output for mic */
+	/* bit 12: disable center/lfe (switchable) */
+	/* bit 10: disable surround/line (switchable) */
+	/* bit 9: mix 2 surround off */
+	/* bit 4: undocumented; 0 mutes the CM9739A, which defaults to 1 */
+	/* bit 3: undocumented; surround? */
+	/* bit 0: dB */
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_CM9739_MULTI_CHAN) & (1 << 4);
+	val |= (1 << 3);
+	val |= (1 << 13);
+	if (! (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF))
+		val |= (1 << 14);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_CM9739_MULTI_CHAN, val);
+
+	/* FIXME: set up GPIO */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x70, 0x0100);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x72, 0x0020);
+	/* Special exception for ASUS W1000/CMI9739. It does not have an SPDIF in. */
+	if (ac97->pci &&
+	     ac97->subsystem_vendor == 0x1043 &&
+	     ac97->subsystem_device == 0x1843) {
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_CM9739_SPDIF_CTRL,
+			snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_CM9739_SPDIF_CTRL) & ~0x01);
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_CM9739_MULTI_CHAN,
+			snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_CM9739_MULTI_CHAN) | (1 << 14));
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define AC97_CM9761_MULTI_CHAN	0x64
+#define AC97_CM9761_FUNC	0x66
+#define AC97_CM9761_SPDIF_CTRL	0x6c
+
+static void cm9761_update_jacks(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	/* FIXME: check the bits for each model
+	 *        model 83 is confirmed to work
+	 */
+	static const unsigned short surr_on[3][2] = {
+		{ 0x0008, 0x0000 }, /* 9761-78 & 82 */
+		{ 0x0000, 0x0008 }, /* 9761-82 rev.B */
+		{ 0x0000, 0x0008 }, /* 9761-83 */
+	};
+	static const unsigned short clfe_on[3][2] = {
+		{ 0x0000, 0x1000 }, /* 9761-78 & 82 */
+		{ 0x1000, 0x0000 }, /* 9761-82 rev.B */
+		{ 0x0000, 0x1000 }, /* 9761-83 */
+	};
+	static const unsigned short surr_shared[3][2] = {
+		{ 0x0000, 0x0400 }, /* 9761-78 & 82 */
+		{ 0x0000, 0x0400 }, /* 9761-82 rev.B */
+		{ 0x0000, 0x0400 }, /* 9761-83 */
+	};
+	static const unsigned short clfe_shared[3][2] = {
+		{ 0x2000, 0x0880 }, /* 9761-78 & 82 */
+		{ 0x0000, 0x2880 }, /* 9761-82 rev.B */
+		{ 0x2000, 0x0800 }, /* 9761-83 */
+	};
+	unsigned short val = 0;
+
+	val |= surr_on[ac97->spec.dev_flags][is_surround_on(ac97)];
+	val |= clfe_on[ac97->spec.dev_flags][is_clfe_on(ac97)];
+	val |= surr_shared[ac97->spec.dev_flags][is_shared_surrout(ac97)];
+	val |= clfe_shared[ac97->spec.dev_flags][is_shared_clfeout(ac97)];
+
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_CM9761_MULTI_CHAN, 0x3c88, val);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_cm9761_controls[] = {
+	AC97_SURROUND_JACK_MODE_CTL,
+	AC97_CHANNEL_MODE_CTL,
+};
+
+static int cm9761_spdif_out_source_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[] = { "AC-Link", "ADC", "SPDIF-In" };
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 3, texts);
+}
+
+static int cm9761_spdif_out_source_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	if (ac97->regs[AC97_CM9761_FUNC] & 0x1)
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 2; /* SPDIF-loopback */
+	else if (ac97->regs[AC97_CM9761_SPDIF_CTRL] & 0x2)
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 1; /* ADC loopback */
+	else
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 0; /* AC-link */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int cm9761_spdif_out_source_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] == 2)
+		return snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_CM9761_FUNC, 0x1, 0x1);
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_CM9761_FUNC, 0x1, 0);
+	return snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_CM9761_SPDIF_CTRL, 0x2,
+				    ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] == 1 ? 0x2 : 0);
+}
+
+static const char * const cm9761_dac_clock[] = {
+	"AC-Link", "SPDIF-In", "Both"
+};
+static const struct ac97_enum cm9761_dac_clock_enum =
+	AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_CM9761_SPDIF_CTRL, 9, 3, cm9761_dac_clock);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_cm9761_controls_spdif[] = {
+	{ /* BIT 1: SPDIFS */
+		.iface	= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name	= SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,NONE) "Source",
+		.info = cm9761_spdif_out_source_info,
+		.get = cm9761_spdif_out_source_get,
+		.put = cm9761_spdif_out_source_put,
+	},
+	/* BIT 2: IG_SPIV */
+	AC97_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",CAPTURE,NONE) "Valid Switch", AC97_CM9761_SPDIF_CTRL, 2, 1, 0),
+	/* BIT 3: SPI2F */
+	AC97_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",CAPTURE,NONE) "Monitor", AC97_CM9761_SPDIF_CTRL, 3, 1, 0), 
+	/* BIT 4: SPI2SDI */
+	AC97_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",CAPTURE,SWITCH), AC97_CM9761_SPDIF_CTRL, 4, 1, 0),
+	/* BIT 9-10: DAC_CTL */
+	AC97_ENUM("DAC Clock Source", cm9761_dac_clock_enum),
+};
+
+static int patch_cm9761_post_spdif(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	return patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_cm9761_controls_spdif, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_cm9761_controls_spdif));
+}
+
+static int patch_cm9761_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	return patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_cm9761_controls, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_cm9761_controls));
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_cm9761_ops = {
+	.build_specific	= patch_cm9761_specific,
+	.build_post_spdif = patch_cm9761_post_spdif,
+	.update_jacks = cm9761_update_jacks
+};
+
+static int patch_cm9761(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	/* CM9761 has no PCM volume although the register reacts */
+	/* Master volume seems to have _some_ influence on the analog
+	 * input sounds
+	 */
+	ac97->flags |= /*AC97_HAS_NO_MASTER_VOL |*/ AC97_HAS_NO_PCM_VOL;
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_MASTER, 0x8808);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_PCM, 0x8808);
+
+	ac97->spec.dev_flags = 0; /* 1 = model 82 revision B, 2 = model 83 */
+	if (ac97->id == AC97_ID_CM9761_82) {
+		unsigned short tmp;
+		/* check page 1, reg 0x60 */
+		val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING);
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING, (val & ~0x0f) | 0x01);
+		tmp = snd_ac97_read(ac97, 0x60);
+		ac97->spec.dev_flags = tmp & 1; /* revision B? */
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING, val);
+	} else if (ac97->id == AC97_ID_CM9761_83)
+		ac97->spec.dev_flags = 2;
+
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_cm9761_ops;
+
+	/* enable spdif */
+	/* force the SPDIF bit in ext_id - codec doesn't set this bit! */
+        ac97->ext_id |= AC97_EI_SPDIF;
+	/* to be sure: we overwrite the ext status bits */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, 0x05c0);
+	/* Don't set 0x0200 here.  This results in the silent analog output */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_CM9761_SPDIF_CTRL, 0x0001); /* enable spdif-in */
+	ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_SPDIF] = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000; /* 48k only */
+
+	/* set-up multi channel */
+	/* bit 15: pc master beep off
+	 * bit 14: pin47 = EAPD/SPDIF
+	 * bit 13: vref ctl [= cm9739]
+	 * bit 12: CLFE control (reverted on rev B)
+	 * bit 11: Mic/center share (reverted on rev B)
+	 * bit 10: suddound/line share
+	 * bit  9: Analog-in mix -> surround
+	 * bit  8: Analog-in mix -> CLFE
+	 * bit  7: Mic/LFE share (mic/center/lfe)
+	 * bit  5: vref select (9761A)
+	 * bit  4: front control
+	 * bit  3: surround control (revereted with rev B)
+	 * bit  2: front mic
+	 * bit  1: stereo mic
+	 * bit  0: mic boost level (0=20dB, 1=30dB)
+	 */
+
+#if 0
+	if (ac97->spec.dev_flags)
+		val = 0x0214;
+	else
+		val = 0x321c;
+#endif
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_CM9761_MULTI_CHAN);
+	val |= (1 << 4); /* front on */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_CM9761_MULTI_CHAN, val);
+
+	/* FIXME: set up GPIO */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x70, 0x0100);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x72, 0x0020);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+       
+#define AC97_CM9780_SIDE	0x60
+#define AC97_CM9780_JACK	0x62
+#define AC97_CM9780_MIXER	0x64
+#define AC97_CM9780_MULTI_CHAN	0x66
+#define AC97_CM9780_SPDIF	0x6c
+
+static const char * const cm9780_ch_select[] = {
+	"Front", "Side", "Center/LFE", "Rear"
+};
+static const struct ac97_enum cm9780_ch_select_enum =
+	AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(AC97_CM9780_MULTI_CHAN, 6, 4, cm9780_ch_select);
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new cm9780_controls[] = {
+	AC97_DOUBLE("Side Playback Switch", AC97_CM9780_SIDE, 15, 7, 1, 1),
+	AC97_DOUBLE("Side Playback Volume", AC97_CM9780_SIDE, 8, 0, 31, 0),
+	AC97_ENUM("Side Playback Route", cm9780_ch_select_enum),
+};
+
+static int patch_cm9780_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	return patch_build_controls(ac97, cm9780_controls, ARRAY_SIZE(cm9780_controls));
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_cm9780_ops = {
+	.build_specific	= patch_cm9780_specific,
+	.build_post_spdif = patch_cm9761_post_spdif	/* identical with CM9761 */
+};
+
+static int patch_cm9780(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_cm9780_ops;
+
+	/* enable spdif */
+	if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF) {
+		ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_SPDIF] = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000; /* 48k only */
+		val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_CM9780_SPDIF);
+		val |= 0x1; /* SPDI_EN */
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_CM9780_SPDIF, val);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * VIA VT1613 codec
+ */
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_vt1613[] = {
+AC97_SINGLE("DC Offset removal", 0x5a, 10, 1, 0),
+};
+
+static int patch_vt1613_specific(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	return patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_controls_vt1613[0],
+				    ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_vt1613));
+};
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_vt1613_ops = {
+	.build_specific	= patch_vt1613_specific
+};
+
+static int patch_vt1613(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_vt1613_ops;
+
+	ac97->flags |= AC97_HAS_NO_VIDEO;
+	ac97->caps |= AC97_BC_HEADPHONE;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * VIA VT1616 codec
+ */
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_vt1616[] = {
+AC97_SINGLE("DC Offset removal", 0x5a, 10, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("Alternate Level to Surround Out", 0x5a, 15, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("Downmix LFE and Center to Front", 0x5a, 12, 1, 0),
+AC97_SINGLE("Downmix Surround to Front", 0x5a, 11, 1, 0),
+};
+
+static const char * const follower_vols_vt1616[] = {
+	"Front Playback Volume",
+	"Surround Playback Volume",
+	"Center Playback Volume",
+	"LFE Playback Volume",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static const char * const follower_sws_vt1616[] = {
+	"Front Playback Switch",
+	"Surround Playback Switch",
+	"Center Playback Switch",
+	"LFE Playback Switch",
+	NULL
+};
+
+/* find a mixer control element with the given name */
+static struct snd_kcontrol *snd_ac97_find_mixer_ctl(struct snd_ac97 *ac97,
+						    const char *name)
+{
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_id id;
+	memset(&id, 0, sizeof(id));
+	id.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+	strcpy(id.name, name);
+	return snd_ctl_find_id(ac97->bus->card, &id);
+}
+
+/* create a virtual master control and add followers */
+static int snd_ac97_add_vmaster(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, char *name,
+				const unsigned int *tlv,
+				const char * const *followers)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	const char * const *s;
+	int err;
+
+	kctl = snd_ctl_make_virtual_master(name, tlv);
+	if (!kctl)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	for (s = followers; *s; s++) {
+		struct snd_kcontrol *sctl;
+
+		sctl = snd_ac97_find_mixer_ctl(ac97, *s);
+		if (!sctl) {
+			dev_dbg(ac97->bus->card->dev,
+				"Cannot find follower %s, skipped\n", *s);
+			continue;
+		}
+		err = snd_ctl_add_follower(kctl, sctl);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int patch_vt1616_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	int err;
+
+	if (snd_ac97_try_bit(ac97, 0x5a, 9))
+		if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_controls_vt1616[0], 1)) < 0)
+			return err;
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_controls_vt1616[1], ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_vt1616) - 1)) < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* There is already a misnamed master switch.  Rename it.  */
+	kctl = snd_ac97_find_mixer_ctl(ac97, "Master Playback Volume");
+	if (!kctl)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(ac97, "Master Playback", "Front Playback");
+
+	err = snd_ac97_add_vmaster(ac97, "Master Playback Volume",
+				   kctl->tlv.p, follower_vols_vt1616);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_ac97_add_vmaster(ac97, "Master Playback Switch",
+				   NULL, follower_sws_vt1616);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_vt1616_ops = {
+	.build_specific	= patch_vt1616_specific
+};
+
+static int patch_vt1616(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_vt1616_ops;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * VT1617A codec
+ */
+
+/*
+ * unfortunately, the vt1617a stashes the twiddlers required for
+ * noodling the i/o jacks on 2 different regs. that means that we can't
+ * use the easy way provided by AC97_ENUM_DOUBLE() we have to write
+ * are own funcs.
+ *
+ * NB: this is absolutely and utterly different from the vt1618. dunno
+ * about the 1616.
+ */
+
+/* copied from ac97_surround_jack_mode_info() */
+static int snd_ac97_vt1617a_smart51_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					 struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	/* ordering in this list reflects vt1617a docs for Reg 20 and
+	 * 7a and Table 6 that lays out the matrix NB WRT Table6: SM51
+	 * is SM51EN *AND* it's Bit14, not Bit15 so the table is very
+	 * counter-intuitive */ 
+
+	static const char * const texts[] = {"LineIn Mic1", "LineIn Mic1 Mic3",
+				       "Surr LFE/C Mic3", "LineIn LFE/C Mic3",
+				       "LineIn Mic2", "LineIn Mic2 Mic1",
+				       "Surr LFE Mic1", "Surr LFE Mic1 Mic2"};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 8, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_vt1617a_smart51_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	ushort usSM51, usMS;  
+
+	struct snd_ac97 *pac97;
+	
+	pac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol); /* grab codec handle */
+
+	/* grab our desired bits, then mash them together in a manner
+	 * consistent with Table 6 on page 17 in the 1617a docs */
+ 
+	usSM51 = snd_ac97_read(pac97, 0x7a) >> 14;
+	usMS   = snd_ac97_read(pac97, 0x20) >> 8;
+  
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = (usSM51 << 1) + usMS;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_vt1617a_smart51_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	ushort usSM51, usMS, usReg;  
+
+	struct snd_ac97 *pac97;
+
+	pac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol); /* grab codec handle */
+
+	usSM51 = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] >> 1;
+	usMS   = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] &  1;
+
+	/* push our values into the register - consider that things will be left
+	 * in a funky state if the write fails */
+
+	usReg = snd_ac97_read(pac97, 0x7a);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(pac97, 0x7a, (usReg & 0x3FFF) + (usSM51 << 14));
+	usReg = snd_ac97_read(pac97, 0x20);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(pac97, 0x20, (usReg & 0xFEFF) + (usMS   <<  8));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_vt1617a[] = {
+
+	AC97_SINGLE("Center/LFE Exchange", 0x5a, 8, 1, 0),
+	/*
+	 * These are used to enable/disable surround sound on motherboards
+	 * that have 3 bidirectional analog jacks
+	 */
+	{
+		.iface         = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name          = "Smart 5.1 Select",
+		.info          = snd_ac97_vt1617a_smart51_info,
+		.get           = snd_ac97_vt1617a_smart51_get,
+		.put           = snd_ac97_vt1617a_smart51_put,
+	},
+};
+
+static int patch_vt1617a(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int val;
+
+	/* we choose to not fail out at this point, but we tell the
+	   caller when we return */
+
+	err = patch_build_controls(ac97, &snd_ac97_controls_vt1617a[0],
+				   ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_vt1617a));
+
+	/* bring analog power consumption to normal by turning off the
+	 * headphone amplifier, like WinXP driver for EPIA SP
+	 */
+	/* We need to check the bit before writing it.
+	 * On some (many?) hardwares, setting bit actually clears it!
+	 */
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, 0x5c);
+	if (!(val & 0x20))
+		snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x5c, 0x20);
+
+	ac97->ext_id |= AC97_EI_SPDIF;	/* force the detection of spdif */
+	ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_SPDIF] = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_44100 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000;
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_vt1616_ops;
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* VIA VT1618 8 CHANNEL AC97 CODEC
+ *
+ * VIA implements 'Smart 5.1' completely differently on the 1618 than
+ * it does on the 1617a. awesome! They seem to have sourced this
+ * particular revision of the technology from somebody else, it's
+ * called Universal Audio Jack and it shows up on some other folk's chips
+ * as well.
+ *
+ * ordering in this list reflects vt1618 docs for Reg 60h and
+ * the block diagram, DACs are as follows:
+ *
+ *        OUT_O -> Front,
+ *	  OUT_1 -> Surround,
+ *	  OUT_2 -> C/LFE
+ *
+ * Unlike the 1617a, each OUT has a consistent set of mappings
+ * for all bitpatterns other than 00:
+ *
+ *        01       Unmixed Output
+ *        10       Line In
+ *        11       Mic  In
+ *
+ * Special Case of 00:
+ *
+ *        OUT_0    Mixed Output
+ *        OUT_1    Reserved
+ *        OUT_2    Reserved
+ *
+ * I have no idea what the hell Reserved does, but on an MSI
+ * CN700T, i have to set it to get 5.1 output - YMMV, bad
+ * shit may happen.
+ *
+ * If other chips use Universal Audio Jack, then this code might be applicable
+ * to them.
+ */
+
+struct vt1618_uaj_item {
+	unsigned short mask;
+	unsigned short shift;
+	const char * const items[4];
+};
+
+/* This list reflects the vt1618 docs for Vendor Defined Register 0x60. */
+
+static const struct vt1618_uaj_item vt1618_uaj[3] = {
+	{
+		/* speaker jack */
+		.mask  = 0x03,
+		.shift = 0,
+		.items = {
+			"Speaker Out", "DAC Unmixed Out", "Line In", "Mic In"
+		}
+	},
+	{
+		/* line jack */
+		.mask  = 0x0c,
+		.shift = 2,
+		.items = {
+			"Surround Out", "DAC Unmixed Out", "Line In", "Mic In"
+		}
+	},
+	{
+		/* mic jack */
+		.mask  = 0x30,
+		.shift = 4,
+		.items = {
+			"Center LFE Out", "DAC Unmixed Out", "Line In", "Mic In"
+		},
+	},
+};
+
+static int snd_ac97_vt1618_UAJ_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				    struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 4,
+				 vt1618_uaj[kcontrol->private_value].items);
+}
+
+/* All of the vt1618 Universal Audio Jack twiddlers are on
+ * Vendor Defined Register 0x60, page 0. The bits, and thus
+ * the mask, are the only thing that changes
+ */
+static int snd_ac97_vt1618_UAJ_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	unsigned short datpag, uaj;
+	struct snd_ac97 *pac97 = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	mutex_lock(&pac97->page_mutex);
+
+	datpag = snd_ac97_read(pac97, AC97_INT_PAGING) & AC97_PAGE_MASK;
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(pac97, AC97_INT_PAGING, AC97_PAGE_MASK, 0);
+
+	uaj = snd_ac97_read(pac97, 0x60) &
+		vt1618_uaj[kcontrol->private_value].mask;
+
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(pac97, AC97_INT_PAGING, AC97_PAGE_MASK, datpag);
+	mutex_unlock(&pac97->page_mutex);
+
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = uaj >>
+		vt1618_uaj[kcontrol->private_value].shift;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_vt1618_UAJ_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	return ac97_update_bits_page(snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol), 0x60,
+				     vt1618_uaj[kcontrol->private_value].mask,
+				     ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0]<<
+				     vt1618_uaj[kcontrol->private_value].shift,
+				     0);
+}
+
+/* config aux in jack - not found on 3 jack motherboards or soundcards */
+
+static int snd_ac97_vt1618_aux_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				     struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const txt_aux[] = {"Aux In", "Back Surr Out"};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 2, txt_aux);
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_vt1618_aux_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] =
+		(snd_ac97_read(snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol), 0x5c) & 0x0008)>>3;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ac97_vt1618_aux_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	/* toggle surround rear dac power */
+
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol), 0x5c, 0x0008,
+			     ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] << 3);
+
+	/* toggle aux in surround rear out jack */
+
+	return snd_ac97_update_bits(snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol), 0x76, 0x0008,
+				    ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] << 3);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_vt1618[] = {
+	AC97_SINGLE("Exchange Center/LFE", 0x5a,  8, 1,     0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("DC Offset",           0x5a, 10, 1,     0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Soft Mute",           0x5c,  0, 1,     1),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Headphone Amp",       0x5c,  5, 1,     1),
+	AC97_DOUBLE("Back Surr Volume",    0x5e,  8, 0, 31, 1),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Back Surr Switch",    0x5e, 15, 1,     1),
+	{
+		.iface         = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name          = "Speaker Jack Mode",
+		.info          = snd_ac97_vt1618_UAJ_info,
+		.get           = snd_ac97_vt1618_UAJ_get,
+		.put           = snd_ac97_vt1618_UAJ_put,
+		.private_value = 0
+	},
+	{
+		.iface         = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name          = "Line Jack Mode",
+		.info          = snd_ac97_vt1618_UAJ_info,
+		.get           = snd_ac97_vt1618_UAJ_get,
+		.put           = snd_ac97_vt1618_UAJ_put,
+		.private_value = 1
+	},
+	{
+		.iface         = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name          = "Mic Jack Mode",
+		.info          = snd_ac97_vt1618_UAJ_info,
+		.get           = snd_ac97_vt1618_UAJ_get,
+		.put           = snd_ac97_vt1618_UAJ_put,
+		.private_value = 2
+	},
+	{
+		.iface         = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name          = "Aux Jack Mode",
+		.info          = snd_ac97_vt1618_aux_info,
+		.get           = snd_ac97_vt1618_aux_get,
+		.put           = snd_ac97_vt1618_aux_put,
+	}
+};
+
+static int patch_vt1618(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	return patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_vt1618,
+				    ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_vt1618));
+}
+
+/*
+ */
+static void it2646_update_jacks(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	/* shared Line-In / Surround Out */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, 0x76, 1 << 9,
+			     is_shared_surrout(ac97) ? (1<<9) : 0);
+	/* shared Mic / Center/LFE Out */
+	snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, 0x76, 1 << 10,
+			     is_shared_clfeout(ac97) ? (1<<10) : 0);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_it2646[] = {
+	AC97_SURROUND_JACK_MODE_CTL,
+	AC97_CHANNEL_MODE_CTL,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_spdif_controls_it2646[] = {
+	AC97_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",CAPTURE,SWITCH), 0x76, 11, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("Analog to IEC958 Output", 0x76, 12, 1, 0),
+	AC97_SINGLE("IEC958 Input Monitor", 0x76, 13, 1, 0),
+};
+
+static int patch_it2646_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int err;
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_controls_it2646, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_it2646))) < 0)
+		return err;
+	if ((err = patch_build_controls(ac97, snd_ac97_spdif_controls_it2646, ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_spdif_controls_it2646))) < 0)
+		return err;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_it2646_ops = {
+	.build_specific	= patch_it2646_specific,
+	.update_jacks = it2646_update_jacks
+};
+
+static int patch_it2646(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_it2646_ops;
+	/* full DAC volume */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x5E, 0x0808);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x7A, 0x0808);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Si3036 codec
+ */
+
+#define AC97_SI3036_CHIP_ID     0x5a
+#define AC97_SI3036_LINE_CFG    0x5c
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_si3036[] = {
+AC97_DOUBLE("Modem Speaker Volume", 0x5c, 14, 12, 3, 1)
+};
+
+static int patch_si3036_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int idx, err;
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_si3036); idx++)
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ac97_controls_si3036[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_si3036_ops = {
+	.build_specific	= patch_si3036_specific,
+};
+
+static int mpatch_si3036(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_si3036_ops;
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x5c, 0xf210 );
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x68, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * LM 4550 Codec
+ *
+ * We use a static resolution table since LM4550 codec cannot be
+ * properly autoprobed to determine the resolution via
+ * check_volume_resolution().
+ */
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_res_table lm4550_restbl[] = {
+	{ AC97_MASTER, 0x1f1f },
+	{ AC97_HEADPHONE, 0x1f1f },
+	{ AC97_MASTER_MONO, 0x001f },
+	{ AC97_PC_BEEP, 0x001f },	/* LSB is ignored */
+	{ AC97_PHONE, 0x001f },
+	{ AC97_MIC, 0x001f },
+	{ AC97_LINE, 0x1f1f },
+	{ AC97_CD, 0x1f1f },
+	{ AC97_VIDEO, 0x1f1f },
+	{ AC97_AUX, 0x1f1f },
+	{ AC97_PCM, 0x1f1f },
+	{ AC97_REC_GAIN, 0x0f0f },
+	{ } /* terminator */
+};
+
+static int patch_lm4550(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	ac97->res_table = lm4550_restbl;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* 
+ *  UCB1400 codec (http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat_download/datasheets/UCB1400-02.pdf)
+ */
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_ucb1400[] = {
+/* enable/disable headphone driver which allows direct connection to
+   stereo headphone without the use of external DC blocking
+   capacitors */
+AC97_SINGLE("Headphone Driver", 0x6a, 6, 1, 0),
+/* Filter used to compensate the DC offset is added in the ADC to remove idle
+   tones from the audio band. */
+AC97_SINGLE("DC Filter", 0x6a, 4, 1, 0),
+/* Control smart-low-power mode feature. Allows automatic power down
+   of unused blocks in the ADC analog front end and the PLL. */
+AC97_SINGLE("Smart Low Power Mode", 0x6c, 4, 3, 0),
+};
+
+static int patch_ucb1400_specific(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	int idx, err;
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ac97_controls_ucb1400); idx++)
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(ac97->bus->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ac97_controls_ucb1400[idx], ac97))) < 0)
+			return err;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ac97_build_ops patch_ucb1400_ops = {
+	.build_specific	= patch_ucb1400_specific,
+};
+
+static int patch_ucb1400(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	ac97->build_ops = &patch_ucb1400_ops;
+	/* enable headphone driver and smart low power mode by default */
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x6a, 0x0050);
+	snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, 0x6c, 0x0030);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_patch.h b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_patch.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a8cd89cfd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_patch.h
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Universal interface for Audio Codec '97
+ *
+ *  For more details look to AC '97 component specification revision 2.2
+ *  by Intel Corporation (http://developer.intel.com).
+ */
+
+#define AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(reg,shift,mask,invert) \
+	((reg) | ((shift) << 8) | ((shift) << 12) | ((mask) << 16) | \
+	 ((invert) << 24))
+#define AC97_PAGE_SINGLE_VALUE(reg,shift,mask,invert,page) \
+	(AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(reg,shift,mask,invert) | (1<<25) | ((page) << 26))
+#define AC97_SINGLE(xname, reg, shift, mask, invert) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, \
+  .info = snd_ac97_info_volsw,		\
+  .get = snd_ac97_get_volsw, .put = snd_ac97_put_volsw, \
+  .private_value =  AC97_SINGLE_VALUE(reg, shift, mask, invert) }
+#define AC97_PAGE_SINGLE(xname, reg, shift, mask, invert, page)		\
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, \
+  .info = snd_ac97_info_volsw,		\
+  .get = snd_ac97_get_volsw, .put = snd_ac97_put_volsw, \
+  .private_value =  AC97_PAGE_SINGLE_VALUE(reg, shift, mask, invert, page) }
+#define AC97_DOUBLE(xname, reg, shift_left, shift_right, mask, invert) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = (xname), \
+  .info = snd_ac97_info_volsw,		\
+  .get = snd_ac97_get_volsw, .put = snd_ac97_put_volsw, \
+  .private_value = (reg) | ((shift_left) << 8) | ((shift_right) << 12) | ((mask) << 16) | ((invert) << 24) }
+
+/* enum control */
+struct ac97_enum {
+	unsigned char reg;
+	unsigned char shift_l;
+	unsigned char shift_r;
+	unsigned short mask;
+	const char * const *texts;
+};
+
+#define AC97_ENUM_DOUBLE(xreg, xshift_l, xshift_r, xmask, xtexts) \
+{ .reg = xreg, .shift_l = xshift_l, .shift_r = xshift_r, \
+  .mask = xmask, .texts = xtexts }
+#define AC97_ENUM_SINGLE(xreg, xshift, xmask, xtexts) \
+	AC97_ENUM_DOUBLE(xreg, xshift, xshift, xmask, xtexts)
+#define AC97_ENUM(xname, xenum) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, \
+  .info = snd_ac97_info_enum_double,		    \
+  .get = snd_ac97_get_enum_double, .put = snd_ac97_put_enum_double, \
+  .private_value = (unsigned long)&xenum }
+
+/* ac97_codec.c */
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_3d[];
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ac97_controls_spdif[];
+static struct snd_kcontrol *snd_ac97_cnew(const struct snd_kcontrol_new *_template,
+					  struct snd_ac97 * ac97);
+static int snd_ac97_info_volsw(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			       struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo);
+static int snd_ac97_get_volsw(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol);
+static int snd_ac97_put_volsw(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol);
+static int snd_ac97_try_bit(struct snd_ac97 * ac97, int reg, int bit);
+static int snd_ac97_remove_ctl(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, const char *name,
+			       const char *suffix);
+static int snd_ac97_rename_ctl(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, const char *src,
+			       const char *dst, const char *suffix);
+static int snd_ac97_swap_ctl(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, const char *s1,
+			     const char *s2, const char *suffix);
+static void snd_ac97_rename_vol_ctl(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, const char *src,
+				    const char *dst);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static void snd_ac97_restore_status(struct snd_ac97 *ac97);
+static void snd_ac97_restore_iec958(struct snd_ac97 *ac97);
+#endif
+static int snd_ac97_info_enum_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				     struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo);
+static int snd_ac97_get_enum_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol);
+static int snd_ac97_put_enum_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol);
diff --git a/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_pcm.c b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_pcm.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..491de1a62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_pcm.c
@@ -0,0 +1,737 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Universal interface for Audio Codec '97
+ *
+ *  For more details look to AC '97 component specification revision 2.2
+ *  by Intel Corporation (http://developer.intel.com) and to datasheets
+ *  for specific codecs.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/export.h>
+
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include <sound/ac97_codec.h>
+#include <sound/asoundef.h>
+#include "ac97_id.h"
+#include "ac97_local.h"
+
+/*
+ *  PCM support
+ */
+
+static const unsigned char rate_reg_tables[2][4][9] = {
+{
+  /* standard rates */
+  {
+  	/* 3&4 front, 7&8 rear, 6&9 center/lfe */
+	AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE,	/* slot 3 */
+	AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE,	/* slot 4 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 5 */
+	AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 6 */
+	AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 7 */
+	AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 8 */
+	AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 9 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 10 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 11 */
+  },
+  {
+  	/* 7&8 front, 6&9 rear, 10&11 center/lfe */
+	0xff,				/* slot 3 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 4 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 5 */
+	AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 6 */
+	AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE,	/* slot 7 */
+	AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE,	/* slot 8 */
+	AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 9 */
+	AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 10 */
+	AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 11 */
+  },
+  {
+  	/* 6&9 front, 10&11 rear, 3&4 center/lfe */
+	AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 3 */
+	AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 4 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 5 */
+	AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE,	/* slot 6 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 7 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 8 */
+	AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE,	/* slot 9 */
+	AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 10 */
+	AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 11 */
+  },
+  {
+  	/* 10&11 front, 3&4 rear, 7&8 center/lfe */
+	AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 3 */
+	AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 4 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 5 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 6 */
+	AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 7 */
+	AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE,		/* slot 8 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 9 */
+	AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE,	/* slot 10 */
+	AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE,	/* slot 11 */
+  },
+},
+{
+  /* double rates */
+  {
+  	/* 3&4 front, 7&8 front (t+1) */
+	AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE,	/* slot 3 */
+	AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE,	/* slot 4 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 5 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 6 */
+	AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE,	/* slot 7 */
+	AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE,	/* slot 8 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 9 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 10 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 11 */
+  },
+  {
+	/* not specified in the specification */
+	0xff,				/* slot 3 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 4 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 5 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 6 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 7 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 8 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 9 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 10 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 11 */
+  },
+  {
+	0xff,				/* slot 3 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 4 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 5 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 6 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 7 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 8 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 9 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 10 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 11 */
+  },
+  {
+	0xff,				/* slot 3 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 4 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 5 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 6 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 7 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 8 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 9 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 10 */
+	0xff,				/* slot 11 */
+  }
+}};
+
+/* FIXME: more various mappings for ADC? */
+static const unsigned char rate_cregs[9] = {
+	AC97_PCM_LR_ADC_RATE,	/* 3 */
+	AC97_PCM_LR_ADC_RATE,	/* 4 */
+	0xff,			/* 5 */
+	AC97_PCM_MIC_ADC_RATE,	/* 6 */
+	0xff,			/* 7 */
+	0xff,			/* 8 */
+	0xff,			/* 9 */
+	0xff,			/* 10 */
+	0xff,			/* 11 */
+};
+
+static unsigned char get_slot_reg(struct ac97_pcm *pcm, unsigned short cidx,
+				  unsigned short slot, int dbl)
+{
+	if (slot < 3)
+		return 0xff;
+	if (slot > 11)
+		return 0xff;
+	if (pcm->spdif)
+		return AC97_SPDIF; /* pseudo register */
+	if (pcm->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
+		return rate_reg_tables[dbl][pcm->r[dbl].rate_table[cidx]][slot - 3];
+	else
+		return rate_cregs[slot - 3];
+}
+
+static int set_spdif_rate(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short rate)
+{
+	unsigned short old, bits, reg, mask;
+	unsigned int sbits;
+
+	if (! (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF))
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	/* TODO: double rate support */
+	if (ac97->flags & AC97_CS_SPDIF) {
+		switch (rate) {
+		case 48000: bits = 0; break;
+		case 44100: bits = 1 << AC97_SC_SPSR_SHIFT; break;
+		default: /* invalid - disable output */
+			snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, AC97_EA_SPDIF, 0);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		reg = AC97_CSR_SPDIF;
+		mask = 1 << AC97_SC_SPSR_SHIFT;
+	} else {
+		if (ac97->id == AC97_ID_CM9739 && rate != 48000) {
+			snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, AC97_EA_SPDIF, 0);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		switch (rate) {
+		case 44100: bits = AC97_SC_SPSR_44K; break;
+		case 48000: bits = AC97_SC_SPSR_48K; break;
+		case 32000: bits = AC97_SC_SPSR_32K; break;
+		default: /* invalid - disable output */
+			snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, AC97_EA_SPDIF, 0);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		reg = AC97_SPDIF;
+		mask = AC97_SC_SPSR_MASK;
+	}
+
+	mutex_lock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+	old = snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg) & mask;
+	if (old != bits) {
+		snd_ac97_update_bits_nolock(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, AC97_EA_SPDIF, 0);
+		snd_ac97_update_bits_nolock(ac97, reg, mask, bits);
+		/* update the internal spdif bits */
+		sbits = ac97->spdif_status;
+		if (sbits & IEC958_AES0_PROFESSIONAL) {
+			sbits &= ~IEC958_AES0_PRO_FS;
+			switch (rate) {
+			case 44100: sbits |= IEC958_AES0_PRO_FS_44100; break;
+			case 48000: sbits |= IEC958_AES0_PRO_FS_48000; break;
+			case 32000: sbits |= IEC958_AES0_PRO_FS_32000; break;
+			}
+		} else {
+			sbits &= ~(IEC958_AES3_CON_FS << 24);
+			switch (rate) {
+			case 44100: sbits |= IEC958_AES3_CON_FS_44100<<24; break;
+			case 48000: sbits |= IEC958_AES3_CON_FS_48000<<24; break;
+			case 32000: sbits |= IEC958_AES3_CON_FS_32000<<24; break;
+			}
+		}
+		ac97->spdif_status = sbits;
+	}
+	snd_ac97_update_bits_nolock(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, AC97_EA_SPDIF, AC97_EA_SPDIF);
+	mutex_unlock(&ac97->reg_mutex);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_set_rate - change the rate of the given input/output.
+ * @ac97: the ac97 instance
+ * @reg: the register to change
+ * @rate: the sample rate to set
+ *
+ * Changes the rate of the given input/output on the codec.
+ * If the codec doesn't support VAR, the rate must be 48000 (except
+ * for SPDIF).
+ *
+ * The valid registers are AC97_PMC_MIC_ADC_RATE,
+ * AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE, AC97_PCM_LR_ADC_RATE.
+ * AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE and AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE are accepted
+ * if the codec supports them.
+ * AC97_SPDIF is accepted as a pseudo register to modify the SPDIF
+ * status bits.
+ *
+ * Return: Zero if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_ac97_set_rate(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, int reg, unsigned int rate)
+{
+	int dbl;
+	unsigned int tmp;
+	
+	dbl = rate > 48000;
+	if (dbl) {
+		if (!(ac97->flags & AC97_DOUBLE_RATE))
+			return -EINVAL;
+		if (reg != AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE)
+			return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	snd_ac97_update_power(ac97, reg, 1);
+	switch (reg) {
+	case AC97_PCM_MIC_ADC_RATE:
+		if ((ac97->regs[AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS] & AC97_EA_VRM) == 0)	/* MIC VRA */
+			if (rate != 48000)
+				return -EINVAL;
+		break;
+	case AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE:
+	case AC97_PCM_LR_ADC_RATE:
+		if ((ac97->regs[AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS] & AC97_EA_VRA) == 0)	/* VRA */
+			if (rate != 48000 && rate != 96000)
+				return -EINVAL;
+		break;
+	case AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE:
+		if (! (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SURROUND_DAC))
+			return -EINVAL;
+		break;
+	case AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE:
+		if (! (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_CENTER_LFE_DAC))
+			return -EINVAL;
+		break;
+	case AC97_SPDIF:
+		/* special case */
+		return set_spdif_rate(ac97, rate);
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (dbl)
+		rate /= 2;
+	tmp = (rate * ac97->bus->clock) / 48000;
+	if (tmp > 65535)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if ((ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_DRA) && reg == AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE)
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS,
+				     AC97_EA_DRA, dbl ? AC97_EA_DRA : 0);
+	snd_ac97_update(ac97, reg, tmp & 0xffff);
+	snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg);
+	if ((ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_DRA) && reg == AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE) {
+		/* Intel controllers require double rate data to be put in
+		 * slots 7+8
+		 */
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE,
+				     AC97_GP_DRSS_MASK,
+				     dbl ? AC97_GP_DRSS_78 : 0);
+		snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_set_rate);
+
+static unsigned short get_pslots(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned char *rate_table, unsigned short *spdif_slots)
+{
+	if (!ac97_is_audio(ac97))
+		return 0;
+	if (ac97_is_rev22(ac97) || ac97_can_amap(ac97)) {
+		unsigned short slots = 0;
+		if (ac97_is_rev22(ac97)) {
+			/* Note: it's simply emulation of AMAP behaviour */
+			u16 es;
+			es = ac97->regs[AC97_EXTENDED_ID] &= ~AC97_EI_DACS_SLOT_MASK;
+			switch (ac97->addr) {
+			case 1:
+			case 2: es |= (1<<AC97_EI_DACS_SLOT_SHIFT); break;
+			case 3: es |= (2<<AC97_EI_DACS_SLOT_SHIFT); break;
+			}
+			snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_ID, es);
+		}
+		switch (ac97->addr) {
+		case 0:
+			slots |= (1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_LEFT)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_RIGHT);
+			if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SURROUND_DAC)
+				slots |= (1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_SLEFT)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_SRIGHT);
+			if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_CENTER_LFE_DAC)
+				slots |= (1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_CENTER)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_LFE);
+			if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF) {
+				if (!(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SURROUND_DAC))
+					*spdif_slots = (1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_LEFT)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_RIGHT);
+				else if (!(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_CENTER_LFE_DAC))
+					*spdif_slots = (1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_LEFT1)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_RIGHT1);
+				else
+					*spdif_slots = (1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_LEFT2)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_RIGHT2);
+			}
+			*rate_table = 0;
+			break;
+		case 1:
+		case 2:
+			slots |= (1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_SLEFT)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_SRIGHT);
+			if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SURROUND_DAC)
+				slots |= (1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_CENTER)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_LFE);
+			if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF) {
+				if (!(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SURROUND_DAC))
+					*spdif_slots = (1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_LEFT1)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_RIGHT1);
+				else
+					*spdif_slots = (1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_LEFT2)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_RIGHT2);
+			}
+			*rate_table = 1;
+			break;
+		case 3:
+			slots |= (1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_CENTER)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_LFE);
+			if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF)
+				*spdif_slots = (1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_LEFT2)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_RIGHT2);
+			*rate_table = 2;
+			break;
+		}
+		return slots;
+	} else {
+		unsigned short slots;
+		slots = (1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_LEFT)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_RIGHT);
+		if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SURROUND_DAC)
+			slots |= (1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_SLEFT)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_SRIGHT);
+		if (ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_CENTER_LFE_DAC)
+			slots |= (1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_CENTER)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_LFE);
+		if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF) {
+			if (!(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_SURROUND_DAC))
+				*spdif_slots = (1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_LEFT)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_RIGHT);
+			else if (!(ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_CENTER_LFE_DAC))
+				*spdif_slots = (1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_LEFT1)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_RIGHT1);
+			else
+				*spdif_slots = (1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_LEFT2)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_SPDIF_RIGHT2);
+		}
+		*rate_table = 0;
+		return slots;
+	}
+}
+
+static unsigned short get_cslots(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	unsigned short slots;
+
+	if (!ac97_is_audio(ac97))
+		return 0;
+	slots = (1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_LEFT)|(1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_RIGHT);
+	slots |= (1<<AC97_SLOT_MIC);
+	return slots;
+}
+
+static unsigned int get_rates(struct ac97_pcm *pcm, unsigned int cidx, unsigned short slots, int dbl)
+{
+	int i, idx;
+	unsigned int rates = ~0;
+	unsigned char reg;
+
+	for (i = 3; i < 12; i++) {
+		if (!(slots & (1 << i)))
+			continue;
+		reg = get_slot_reg(pcm, cidx, i, dbl);
+		switch (reg) {
+		case AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE:	idx = AC97_RATES_FRONT_DAC; break;
+		case AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE:	idx = AC97_RATES_SURR_DAC; break;
+		case AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE:	idx = AC97_RATES_LFE_DAC; break;
+		case AC97_PCM_LR_ADC_RATE:	idx = AC97_RATES_ADC; break;
+		case AC97_PCM_MIC_ADC_RATE:	idx = AC97_RATES_MIC_ADC; break;
+		default:			idx = AC97_RATES_SPDIF; break;
+		}
+		rates &= pcm->r[dbl].codec[cidx]->rates[idx];
+	}
+	if (!dbl)
+		rates &= ~(SNDRV_PCM_RATE_64000 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_88200 |
+			   SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000);
+	return rates;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_pcm_assign - assign AC97 slots to given PCM streams
+ * @bus: the ac97 bus instance
+ * @pcms_count: count of PCMs to be assigned
+ * @pcms: PCMs to be assigned
+ *
+ * It assigns available AC97 slots for given PCMs. If none or only
+ * some slots are available, pcm->xxx.slots and pcm->xxx.rslots[] members
+ * are reduced and might be zero.
+ *
+ * Return: Zero if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_ac97_pcm_assign(struct snd_ac97_bus *bus,
+			unsigned short pcms_count,
+			const struct ac97_pcm *pcms)
+{
+	int i, j, k;
+	const struct ac97_pcm *pcm;
+	struct ac97_pcm *rpcms, *rpcm;
+	unsigned short avail_slots[2][4];
+	unsigned char rate_table[2][4];
+	unsigned short tmp, slots;
+	unsigned short spdif_slots[4];
+	unsigned int rates;
+	struct snd_ac97 *codec;
+
+	rpcms = kcalloc(pcms_count, sizeof(struct ac97_pcm), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (rpcms == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	memset(avail_slots, 0, sizeof(avail_slots));
+	memset(rate_table, 0, sizeof(rate_table));
+	memset(spdif_slots, 0, sizeof(spdif_slots));
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+		codec = bus->codec[i];
+		if (!codec)
+			continue;
+		avail_slots[0][i] = get_pslots(codec, &rate_table[0][i], &spdif_slots[i]);
+		avail_slots[1][i] = get_cslots(codec);
+		if (!(codec->scaps & AC97_SCAP_INDEP_SDIN)) {
+			for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
+				if (bus->codec[j])
+					avail_slots[1][i] &= ~avail_slots[1][j];
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	/* first step - exclusive devices */
+	for (i = 0; i < pcms_count; i++) {
+		pcm = &pcms[i];
+		rpcm = &rpcms[i];
+		/* low-level driver thinks that it's more clever */
+		if (pcm->copy_flag) {
+			*rpcm = *pcm;
+			continue;
+		}
+		rpcm->stream = pcm->stream;
+		rpcm->exclusive = pcm->exclusive;
+		rpcm->spdif = pcm->spdif;
+		rpcm->private_value = pcm->private_value;
+		rpcm->bus = bus;
+		rpcm->rates = ~0;
+		slots = pcm->r[0].slots;
+		for (j = 0; j < 4 && slots; j++) {
+			if (!bus->codec[j])
+				continue;
+			rates = ~0;
+			if (pcm->spdif && pcm->stream == 0)
+				tmp = spdif_slots[j];
+			else
+				tmp = avail_slots[pcm->stream][j];
+			if (pcm->exclusive) {
+				/* exclusive access */
+				tmp &= slots;
+				for (k = 0; k < i; k++) {
+					if (rpcm->stream == rpcms[k].stream)
+						tmp &= ~rpcms[k].r[0].rslots[j];
+				}
+			} else {
+				/* non-exclusive access */
+				tmp &= pcm->r[0].slots;
+			}
+			if (tmp) {
+				rpcm->r[0].rslots[j] = tmp;
+				rpcm->r[0].codec[j] = bus->codec[j];
+				rpcm->r[0].rate_table[j] = rate_table[pcm->stream][j];
+				if (bus->no_vra)
+					rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000;
+				else
+					rates = get_rates(rpcm, j, tmp, 0);
+				if (pcm->exclusive)
+					avail_slots[pcm->stream][j] &= ~tmp;
+			}
+			slots &= ~tmp;
+			rpcm->r[0].slots |= tmp;
+			rpcm->rates &= rates;
+		}
+		/* for double rate, we check the first codec only */
+		if (pcm->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK &&
+		    bus->codec[0] && (bus->codec[0]->flags & AC97_DOUBLE_RATE) &&
+		    rate_table[pcm->stream][0] == 0) {
+			tmp = (1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_LEFT) | (1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_RIGHT) |
+			      (1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_LEFT_0) | (1<<AC97_SLOT_PCM_RIGHT_0);
+			if ((tmp & pcm->r[1].slots) == tmp) {
+				rpcm->r[1].slots = tmp;
+				rpcm->r[1].rslots[0] = tmp;
+				rpcm->r[1].rate_table[0] = 0;
+				rpcm->r[1].codec[0] = bus->codec[0];
+				if (pcm->exclusive)
+					avail_slots[pcm->stream][0] &= ~tmp;
+				if (bus->no_vra)
+					rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000;
+				else
+					rates = get_rates(rpcm, 0, tmp, 1);
+				rpcm->rates |= rates;
+			}
+		}
+		if (rpcm->rates == ~0)
+			rpcm->rates = 0; /* not used */
+	}
+	bus->pcms_count = pcms_count;
+	bus->pcms = rpcms;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_pcm_assign);
+
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_pcm_open - opens the given AC97 pcm
+ * @pcm: the ac97 pcm instance
+ * @rate: rate in Hz, if codec does not support VRA, this value must be 48000Hz
+ * @cfg: output stream characteristics
+ * @slots: a subset of allocated slots (snd_ac97_pcm_assign) for this pcm
+ *
+ * It locks the specified slots and sets the given rate to AC97 registers.
+ *
+ * Return: Zero if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_ac97_pcm_open(struct ac97_pcm *pcm, unsigned int rate,
+		      enum ac97_pcm_cfg cfg, unsigned short slots)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97_bus *bus;
+	int i, cidx, r, ok_flag;
+	unsigned int reg_ok[4] = {0,0,0,0};
+	unsigned char reg;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	r = rate > 48000;
+	bus = pcm->bus;
+	if (cfg == AC97_PCM_CFG_SPDIF) {
+		for (cidx = 0; cidx < 4; cidx++)
+			if (bus->codec[cidx] && (bus->codec[cidx]->ext_id & AC97_EI_SPDIF)) {
+				err = set_spdif_rate(bus->codec[cidx], rate);
+				if (err < 0)
+					return err;
+			}
+	}
+	spin_lock_irq(&pcm->bus->bus_lock);
+	for (i = 3; i < 12; i++) {
+		if (!(slots & (1 << i)))
+			continue;
+		ok_flag = 0;
+		for (cidx = 0; cidx < 4; cidx++) {
+			if (bus->used_slots[pcm->stream][cidx] & (1 << i)) {
+				spin_unlock_irq(&pcm->bus->bus_lock);
+				err = -EBUSY;
+				goto error;
+			}
+			if (pcm->r[r].rslots[cidx] & (1 << i)) {
+				bus->used_slots[pcm->stream][cidx] |= (1 << i);
+				ok_flag++;
+			}
+		}
+		if (!ok_flag) {
+			spin_unlock_irq(&pcm->bus->bus_lock);
+			dev_err(bus->card->dev,
+				"cannot find configuration for AC97 slot %i\n",
+				i);
+			err = -EAGAIN;
+			goto error;
+		}
+	}
+	pcm->cur_dbl = r;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&pcm->bus->bus_lock);
+	for (i = 3; i < 12; i++) {
+		if (!(slots & (1 << i)))
+			continue;
+		for (cidx = 0; cidx < 4; cidx++) {
+			if (pcm->r[r].rslots[cidx] & (1 << i)) {
+				reg = get_slot_reg(pcm, cidx, i, r);
+				if (reg == 0xff) {
+					dev_err(bus->card->dev,
+						"invalid AC97 slot %i?\n", i);
+					continue;
+				}
+				if (reg_ok[cidx] & (1 << (reg - AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE)))
+					continue;
+				dev_dbg(bus->card->dev,
+					"setting ac97 reg 0x%x to rate %d\n",
+					reg, rate);
+				err = snd_ac97_set_rate(pcm->r[r].codec[cidx], reg, rate);
+				if (err < 0)
+					dev_err(bus->card->dev,
+						"error in snd_ac97_set_rate: cidx=%d, reg=0x%x, rate=%d, err=%d\n",
+						cidx, reg, rate, err);
+				else
+					reg_ok[cidx] |= (1 << (reg - AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE));
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	pcm->aslots = slots;
+	return 0;
+
+ error:
+	pcm->aslots = slots;
+	snd_ac97_pcm_close(pcm);
+	return err;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_pcm_open);
+
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_pcm_close - closes the given AC97 pcm
+ * @pcm: the ac97 pcm instance
+ *
+ * It frees the locked AC97 slots.
+ *
+ * Return: Zero.
+ */
+int snd_ac97_pcm_close(struct ac97_pcm *pcm)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97_bus *bus;
+	unsigned short slots = pcm->aslots;
+	int i, cidx;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_AC97_POWER_SAVE
+	int r = pcm->cur_dbl;
+	for (i = 3; i < 12; i++) {
+		if (!(slots & (1 << i)))
+			continue;
+		for (cidx = 0; cidx < 4; cidx++) {
+			if (pcm->r[r].rslots[cidx] & (1 << i)) {
+				int reg = get_slot_reg(pcm, cidx, i, r);
+				snd_ac97_update_power(pcm->r[r].codec[cidx],
+						      reg, 0);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+
+	bus = pcm->bus;
+	spin_lock_irq(&pcm->bus->bus_lock);
+	for (i = 3; i < 12; i++) {
+		if (!(slots & (1 << i)))
+			continue;
+		for (cidx = 0; cidx < 4; cidx++)
+			bus->used_slots[pcm->stream][cidx] &= ~(1 << i);
+	}
+	pcm->aslots = 0;
+	pcm->cur_dbl = 0;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&pcm->bus->bus_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_pcm_close);
+
+static int double_rate_hw_constraint_rate(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+					  struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_interval *channels = hw_param_interval(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS);
+	if (channels->min > 2) {
+		static const struct snd_interval single_rates = {
+			.min = 1,
+			.max = 48000,
+		};
+		struct snd_interval *rate = hw_param_interval(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE);
+		return snd_interval_refine(rate, &single_rates);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int double_rate_hw_constraint_channels(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+					      struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_interval *rate = hw_param_interval(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE);
+	if (rate->min > 48000) {
+		static const struct snd_interval double_rate_channels = {
+			.min = 2,
+			.max = 2,
+		};
+		struct snd_interval *channels = hw_param_interval(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS);
+		return snd_interval_refine(channels, &double_rate_channels);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_ac97_pcm_double_rate_rules - set double rate constraints
+ * @runtime: the runtime of the ac97 front playback pcm
+ *
+ * Installs the hardware constraint rules to prevent using double rates and
+ * more than two channels at the same time.
+ *
+ * Return: Zero if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_ac97_pcm_double_rate_rules(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
+				  double_rate_hw_constraint_rate, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+				  double_rate_hw_constraint_channels, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, -1);
+	return err;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ac97_pcm_double_rate_rules);
diff --git a/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_proc.c b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_proc.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5426f7bc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/ac97/ac97_proc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,467 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Universal interface for Audio Codec '97
+ *
+ *  For more details look to AC '97 component specification revision 2.2
+ *  by Intel Corporation (http://developer.intel.com).
+ */
+
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/ac97_codec.h>
+#include <sound/asoundef.h>
+#include "ac97_local.h"
+#include "ac97_id.h"
+
+/*
+ * proc interface
+ */
+
+static void snd_ac97_proc_read_functions(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
+{
+	int header = 0, function;
+	unsigned short info, sense_info;
+	static const char *function_names[12] = {
+		"Master Out", "AUX Out", "Center/LFE Out", "SPDIF Out",
+		"Phone In", "Mic 1", "Mic 2", "Line In", "CD In", "Video In",
+		"Aux In", "Mono Out"
+	};
+	static const char *locations[8] = {
+		"Rear I/O Panel", "Front Panel", "Motherboard", "Dock/External",
+		"reserved", "reserved", "reserved", "NC/unused"
+	};
+
+	for (function = 0; function < 12; ++function) {
+		snd_ac97_write(ac97, AC97_FUNC_SELECT, function << 1);
+		info = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_FUNC_INFO);
+		if (!(info & 0x0001))
+			continue;
+		if (!header) {
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "\n                    Gain     Inverted  Buffer delay  Location\n");
+			header = 1;
+		}
+		sense_info = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_SENSE_INFO);
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "%-17s: %3d.%d dBV    %c      %2d/fs         %s\n",
+			    function_names[function],
+			    (info & 0x8000 ? -1 : 1) * ((info & 0x7000) >> 12) * 3 / 2,
+			    ((info & 0x0800) >> 11) * 5,
+			    info & 0x0400 ? 'X' : '-',
+			    (info & 0x03e0) >> 5,
+			    locations[sense_info >> 13]);
+	}
+}
+
+static const char *snd_ac97_stereo_enhancements[] =
+{
+  /*   0 */ "No 3D Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*   1 */ "Analog Devices Phat Stereo",
+  /*   2 */ "Creative Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*   3 */ "National Semi 3D Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*   4 */ "YAMAHA Ymersion",
+  /*   5 */ "BBE 3D Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*   6 */ "Crystal Semi 3D Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*   7 */ "Qsound QXpander",
+  /*   8 */ "Spatializer 3D Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*   9 */ "SRS 3D Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*  10 */ "Platform Tech 3D Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*  11 */ "AKM 3D Audio",
+  /*  12 */ "Aureal Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*  13 */ "Aztech 3D Enhancement",
+  /*  14 */ "Binaura 3D Audio Enhancement",
+  /*  15 */ "ESS Technology Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*  16 */ "Harman International VMAx",
+  /*  17 */ "Nvidea/IC Ensemble/KS Waves 3D Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*  18 */ "Philips Incredible Sound",
+  /*  19 */ "Texas Instruments 3D Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*  20 */ "VLSI Technology 3D Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*  21 */ "TriTech 3D Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*  22 */ "Realtek 3D Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*  23 */ "Samsung 3D Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*  24 */ "Wolfson Microelectronics 3D Enhancement",
+  /*  25 */ "Delta Integration 3D Enhancement",
+  /*  26 */ "SigmaTel 3D Enhancement",
+  /*  27 */ "IC Ensemble/KS Waves",
+  /*  28 */ "Rockwell 3D Stereo Enhancement",
+  /*  29 */ "Reserved 29",
+  /*  30 */ "Reserved 30",
+  /*  31 */ "Reserved 31"
+};
+
+static void snd_ac97_proc_read_main(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, struct snd_info_buffer *buffer, int subidx)
+{
+	char name[64];
+	unsigned short val, tmp, ext, mext;
+	static const char *spdif_slots[4] = { " SPDIF=3/4", " SPDIF=7/8", " SPDIF=6/9", " SPDIF=10/11" };
+	static const char *spdif_rates[4] = { " Rate=44.1kHz", " Rate=res", " Rate=48kHz", " Rate=32kHz" };
+	static const char *spdif_rates_cs4205[4] = { " Rate=48kHz", " Rate=44.1kHz", " Rate=res", " Rate=res" };
+	static const char *double_rate_slots[4] = { "10/11", "7/8", "reserved", "reserved" };
+
+	snd_ac97_get_name(NULL, ac97->id, name, 0);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "%d-%d/%d: %s\n\n", ac97->addr, ac97->num, subidx, name);
+
+	if ((ac97->scaps & AC97_SCAP_AUDIO) == 0)
+		goto __modem;
+
+        snd_iprintf(buffer, "PCI Subsys Vendor: 0x%04x\n",
+	            ac97->subsystem_vendor);
+        snd_iprintf(buffer, "PCI Subsys Device: 0x%04x\n\n",
+                    ac97->subsystem_device);
+
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "Flags: %x\n", ac97->flags);
+
+	if ((ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_REV_MASK) >= AC97_EI_REV_23) {
+		val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING);
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING,
+				     AC97_PAGE_MASK, AC97_PAGE_1);
+		tmp = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_CODEC_CLASS_REV);
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Revision         : 0x%02x\n", tmp & 0xff);
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Compat. Class    : 0x%02x\n", (tmp >> 8) & 0x1f);
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Subsys. Vendor ID: 0x%04x\n",
+			    snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_PCI_SVID));
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Subsys. ID       : 0x%04x\n\n",
+			    snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_PCI_SID));
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING,
+				     AC97_PAGE_MASK, val & AC97_PAGE_MASK);
+	}
+
+	// val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_RESET);
+	val = ac97->caps;
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "Capabilities     :%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
+	    	    val & AC97_BC_DEDICATED_MIC ? " -dedicated MIC PCM IN channel-" : "",
+		    val & AC97_BC_RESERVED1 ? " -reserved1-" : "",
+		    val & AC97_BC_BASS_TREBLE ? " -bass & treble-" : "",
+		    val & AC97_BC_SIM_STEREO ? " -simulated stereo-" : "",
+		    val & AC97_BC_HEADPHONE ? " -headphone out-" : "",
+		    val & AC97_BC_LOUDNESS ? " -loudness-" : "");
+	tmp = ac97->caps & AC97_BC_DAC_MASK;
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "DAC resolution   : %s%s%s%s\n",
+		    tmp == AC97_BC_16BIT_DAC ? "16-bit" : "",
+		    tmp == AC97_BC_18BIT_DAC ? "18-bit" : "",
+		    tmp == AC97_BC_20BIT_DAC ? "20-bit" : "",
+		    tmp == AC97_BC_DAC_MASK ? "???" : "");
+	tmp = ac97->caps & AC97_BC_ADC_MASK;
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "ADC resolution   : %s%s%s%s\n",
+		    tmp == AC97_BC_16BIT_ADC ? "16-bit" : "",
+		    tmp == AC97_BC_18BIT_ADC ? "18-bit" : "",
+		    tmp == AC97_BC_20BIT_ADC ? "20-bit" : "",
+		    tmp == AC97_BC_ADC_MASK ? "???" : "");
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "3D enhancement   : %s\n",
+		snd_ac97_stereo_enhancements[(val >> 10) & 0x1f]);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "\nCurrent setup\n");
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_MIC);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "Mic gain         : %s [%s]\n", val & 0x0040 ? "+20dB" : "+0dB", ac97->regs[AC97_MIC] & 0x0040 ? "+20dB" : "+0dB");
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_GENERAL_PURPOSE);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "POP path         : %s 3D\n"
+		    "Sim. stereo      : %s\n"
+		    "3D enhancement   : %s\n"
+		    "Loudness         : %s\n"
+		    "Mono output      : %s\n"
+		    "Mic select       : %s\n"
+		    "ADC/DAC loopback : %s\n",
+		    val & 0x8000 ? "post" : "pre",
+		    val & 0x4000 ? "on" : "off",
+		    val & 0x2000 ? "on" : "off",
+		    val & 0x1000 ? "on" : "off",
+		    val & 0x0200 ? "Mic" : "MIX",
+		    val & 0x0100 ? "Mic2" : "Mic1",
+		    val & 0x0080 ? "on" : "off");
+	if (ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_DRA)
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Double rate slots: %s\n",
+			    double_rate_slots[(val >> 10) & 3]);
+
+	ext = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_ID);
+	if (ext == 0)
+		goto __modem;
+		
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "Extended ID      : codec=%i rev=%i%s%s%s%s DSA=%i%s%s%s%s\n",
+			(ext & AC97_EI_ADDR_MASK) >> AC97_EI_ADDR_SHIFT,
+			(ext & AC97_EI_REV_MASK) >> AC97_EI_REV_SHIFT,
+			ext & AC97_EI_AMAP ? " AMAP" : "",
+			ext & AC97_EI_LDAC ? " LDAC" : "",
+			ext & AC97_EI_SDAC ? " SDAC" : "",
+			ext & AC97_EI_CDAC ? " CDAC" : "",
+			(ext & AC97_EI_DACS_SLOT_MASK) >> AC97_EI_DACS_SLOT_SHIFT,
+			ext & AC97_EI_VRM ? " VRM" : "",
+			ext & AC97_EI_SPDIF ? " SPDIF" : "",
+			ext & AC97_EI_DRA ? " DRA" : "",
+			ext & AC97_EI_VRA ? " VRA" : "");
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "Extended status  :%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
+			val & AC97_EA_PRL ? " PRL" : "",
+			val & AC97_EA_PRK ? " PRK" : "",
+			val & AC97_EA_PRJ ? " PRJ" : "",
+			val & AC97_EA_PRI ? " PRI" : "",
+			val & AC97_EA_SPCV ? " SPCV" : "",
+			val & AC97_EA_MDAC ? " MADC" : "",
+			val & AC97_EA_LDAC ? " LDAC" : "",
+			val & AC97_EA_SDAC ? " SDAC" : "",
+			val & AC97_EA_CDAC ? " CDAC" : "",
+			ext & AC97_EI_SPDIF ? spdif_slots[(val & AC97_EA_SPSA_SLOT_MASK) >> AC97_EA_SPSA_SLOT_SHIFT] : "",
+			val & AC97_EA_VRM ? " VRM" : "",
+			val & AC97_EA_SPDIF ? " SPDIF" : "",
+			val & AC97_EA_DRA ? " DRA" : "",
+			val & AC97_EA_VRA ? " VRA" : "");
+	if (ext & AC97_EI_VRA) {	/* VRA */
+		val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE);
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "PCM front DAC    : %iHz\n", val);
+		if (ext & AC97_EI_SDAC) {
+			val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE);
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "PCM Surr DAC     : %iHz\n", val);
+		}
+		if (ext & AC97_EI_LDAC) {
+			val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE);
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "PCM LFE DAC      : %iHz\n", val);
+		}
+		val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_PCM_LR_ADC_RATE);
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "PCM ADC          : %iHz\n", val);
+	}
+	if (ext & AC97_EI_VRM) {
+		val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_PCM_MIC_ADC_RATE);
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "PCM MIC ADC      : %iHz\n", val);
+	}
+	if ((ext & AC97_EI_SPDIF) || (ac97->flags & AC97_CS_SPDIF) ||
+	    (ac97->id == AC97_ID_YMF743)) {
+	        if (ac97->flags & AC97_CS_SPDIF)
+			val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_CSR_SPDIF);
+		else if (ac97->id == AC97_ID_YMF743) {
+			val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_YMF7X3_DIT_CTRL);
+			val = 0x2000 | (val & 0xff00) >> 4 | (val & 0x38) >> 2;
+		} else
+			val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_SPDIF);
+
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "SPDIF Control    :%s%s%s%s Category=0x%x Generation=%i%s%s%s\n",
+			val & AC97_SC_PRO ? " PRO" : " Consumer",
+			val & AC97_SC_NAUDIO ? " Non-audio" : " PCM",
+			val & AC97_SC_COPY ? "" : " Copyright",
+			val & AC97_SC_PRE ? " Preemph50/15" : "",
+			(val & AC97_SC_CC_MASK) >> AC97_SC_CC_SHIFT,
+			(val & AC97_SC_L) >> 11,
+			(ac97->flags & AC97_CS_SPDIF) ?
+			    spdif_rates_cs4205[(val & AC97_SC_SPSR_MASK) >> AC97_SC_SPSR_SHIFT] :
+			    spdif_rates[(val & AC97_SC_SPSR_MASK) >> AC97_SC_SPSR_SHIFT],
+			(ac97->flags & AC97_CS_SPDIF) ?
+			    (val & AC97_SC_DRS ? " Validity" : "") :
+			    (val & AC97_SC_DRS ? " DRS" : ""),
+			(ac97->flags & AC97_CS_SPDIF) ?
+			    (val & AC97_SC_V ? " Enabled" : "") :
+			    (val & AC97_SC_V ? " Validity" : ""));
+		/* ALC650 specific*/
+		if ((ac97->id & 0xfffffff0) == 0x414c4720 &&
+		    (snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_ALC650_CLOCK) & 0x01)) {
+			val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_ALC650_SPDIF_INPUT_STATUS2);
+			if (val & AC97_ALC650_CLOCK_LOCK) {
+				val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_ALC650_SPDIF_INPUT_STATUS1);
+				snd_iprintf(buffer, "SPDIF In Status  :%s%s%s%s Category=0x%x Generation=%i",
+					    val & AC97_ALC650_PRO ? " PRO" : " Consumer",
+					    val & AC97_ALC650_NAUDIO ? " Non-audio" : " PCM",
+					    val & AC97_ALC650_COPY ? "" : " Copyright",
+					    val & AC97_ALC650_PRE ? " Preemph50/15" : "",
+					    (val & AC97_ALC650_CC_MASK) >> AC97_ALC650_CC_SHIFT,
+					    (val & AC97_ALC650_L) >> 15);
+				val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_ALC650_SPDIF_INPUT_STATUS2);
+				snd_iprintf(buffer, "%s Accuracy=%i%s%s\n",
+					    spdif_rates[(val & AC97_ALC650_SPSR_MASK) >> AC97_ALC650_SPSR_SHIFT],
+					    (val & AC97_ALC650_CLOCK_ACCURACY) >> AC97_ALC650_CLOCK_SHIFT,
+					    (val & AC97_ALC650_CLOCK_LOCK ? " Locked" : " Unlocked"),
+					    (val & AC97_ALC650_V ? " Validity?" : ""));
+			} else {
+				snd_iprintf(buffer, "SPDIF In Status  : Not Locked\n");
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if ((ac97->ext_id & AC97_EI_REV_MASK) >= AC97_EI_REV_23) {
+		val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING);
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING,
+				     AC97_PAGE_MASK, AC97_PAGE_1);
+		snd_ac97_proc_read_functions(ac97, buffer);
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_INT_PAGING,
+				     AC97_PAGE_MASK, val & AC97_PAGE_MASK);
+	}
+
+
+      __modem:
+	mext = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MID);
+	if (mext == 0)
+		return;
+	
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "Extended modem ID: codec=%i%s%s%s%s%s\n",
+			(mext & AC97_MEI_ADDR_MASK) >> AC97_MEI_ADDR_SHIFT,
+			mext & AC97_MEI_CID2 ? " CID2" : "",
+			mext & AC97_MEI_CID1 ? " CID1" : "",
+			mext & AC97_MEI_HANDSET ? " HSET" : "",
+			mext & AC97_MEI_LINE2 ? " LIN2" : "",
+			mext & AC97_MEI_LINE1 ? " LIN1" : "");
+	val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_MSTATUS);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "Modem status     :%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
+			val & AC97_MEA_GPIO ? " GPIO" : "",
+			val & AC97_MEA_MREF ? " MREF" : "",
+			val & AC97_MEA_ADC1 ? " ADC1" : "",
+			val & AC97_MEA_DAC1 ? " DAC1" : "",
+			val & AC97_MEA_ADC2 ? " ADC2" : "",
+			val & AC97_MEA_DAC2 ? " DAC2" : "",
+			val & AC97_MEA_HADC ? " HADC" : "",
+			val & AC97_MEA_HDAC ? " HDAC" : "",
+			val & AC97_MEA_PRA ? " PRA(GPIO)" : "",
+			val & AC97_MEA_PRB ? " PRB(res)" : "",
+			val & AC97_MEA_PRC ? " PRC(ADC1)" : "",
+			val & AC97_MEA_PRD ? " PRD(DAC1)" : "",
+			val & AC97_MEA_PRE ? " PRE(ADC2)" : "",
+			val & AC97_MEA_PRF ? " PRF(DAC2)" : "",
+			val & AC97_MEA_PRG ? " PRG(HADC)" : "",
+			val & AC97_MEA_PRH ? " PRH(HDAC)" : "");
+	if (mext & AC97_MEI_LINE1) {
+		val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_LINE1_RATE);
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Line1 rate       : %iHz\n", val);
+	}
+	if (mext & AC97_MEI_LINE2) {
+		val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_LINE2_RATE);
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Line2 rate       : %iHz\n", val);
+	}
+	if (mext & AC97_MEI_HANDSET) {
+		val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, AC97_HANDSET_RATE);
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Headset rate     : %iHz\n", val);
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_ac97_proc_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry, struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = entry->private_data;
+	
+	mutex_lock(&ac97->page_mutex);
+	if ((ac97->id & 0xffffff40) == AC97_ID_AD1881) {	// Analog Devices AD1881/85/86
+		int idx;
+		for (idx = 0; idx < 3; idx++)
+			if (ac97->spec.ad18xx.id[idx]) {
+				/* select single codec */
+				snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 0x7000,
+						     ac97->spec.ad18xx.unchained[idx] | ac97->spec.ad18xx.chained[idx]);
+				snd_ac97_proc_read_main(ac97, buffer, idx);
+				snd_iprintf(buffer, "\n\n");
+			}
+		/* select all codecs */
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 0x7000, 0x7000);
+		
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "\nAD18XX configuration\n");
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Unchained        : 0x%04x,0x%04x,0x%04x\n",
+			ac97->spec.ad18xx.unchained[0],
+			ac97->spec.ad18xx.unchained[1],
+			ac97->spec.ad18xx.unchained[2]);
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Chained          : 0x%04x,0x%04x,0x%04x\n",
+			ac97->spec.ad18xx.chained[0],
+			ac97->spec.ad18xx.chained[1],
+			ac97->spec.ad18xx.chained[2]);
+	} else {
+		snd_ac97_proc_read_main(ac97, buffer, 0);
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&ac97->page_mutex);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+/* direct register write for debugging */
+static void snd_ac97_proc_regs_write(struct snd_info_entry *entry, struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = entry->private_data;
+	char line[64];
+	unsigned int reg, val;
+	mutex_lock(&ac97->page_mutex);
+	while (!snd_info_get_line(buffer, line, sizeof(line))) {
+		if (sscanf(line, "%x %x", &reg, &val) != 2)
+			continue;
+		/* register must be even */
+		if (reg < 0x80 && (reg & 1) == 0 && val <= 0xffff)
+			snd_ac97_write_cache(ac97, reg, val);
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&ac97->page_mutex);
+}
+#endif
+
+static void snd_ac97_proc_regs_read_main(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, struct snd_info_buffer *buffer, int subidx)
+{
+	int reg, val;
+
+	for (reg = 0; reg < 0x80; reg += 2) {
+		val = snd_ac97_read(ac97, reg);
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "%i:%02x = %04x\n", subidx, reg, val);
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_ac97_proc_regs_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry, 
+				    struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97 = entry->private_data;
+
+	mutex_lock(&ac97->page_mutex);
+	if ((ac97->id & 0xffffff40) == AC97_ID_AD1881) {	// Analog Devices AD1881/85/86
+
+		int idx;
+		for (idx = 0; idx < 3; idx++)
+			if (ac97->spec.ad18xx.id[idx]) {
+				/* select single codec */
+				snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 0x7000,
+						     ac97->spec.ad18xx.unchained[idx] | ac97->spec.ad18xx.chained[idx]);
+				snd_ac97_proc_regs_read_main(ac97, buffer, idx);
+			}
+		/* select all codecs */
+		snd_ac97_update_bits(ac97, AC97_AD_SERIAL_CFG, 0x7000, 0x7000);
+	} else {
+		snd_ac97_proc_regs_read_main(ac97, buffer, 0);
+	}	
+	mutex_unlock(&ac97->page_mutex);
+}
+
+void snd_ac97_proc_init(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	struct snd_info_entry *entry;
+	char name[32];
+	const char *prefix;
+
+	if (ac97->bus->proc == NULL)
+		return;
+	prefix = ac97_is_audio(ac97) ? "ac97" : "mc97";
+	sprintf(name, "%s#%d-%d", prefix, ac97->addr, ac97->num);
+	entry = snd_info_create_card_entry(ac97->bus->card, name,
+					   ac97->bus->proc);
+	if (entry)
+		snd_info_set_text_ops(entry, ac97, snd_ac97_proc_read);
+	ac97->proc = entry;
+	sprintf(name, "%s#%d-%d+regs", prefix, ac97->addr, ac97->num);
+	entry = snd_info_create_card_entry(ac97->bus->card, name,
+					   ac97->bus->proc);
+	if (entry) {
+		snd_info_set_text_ops(entry, ac97, snd_ac97_proc_regs_read);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+		entry->mode |= 0200;
+		entry->c.text.write = snd_ac97_proc_regs_write;
+#endif
+	}
+	ac97->proc_regs = entry;
+}
+
+void snd_ac97_proc_done(struct snd_ac97 * ac97)
+{
+	snd_info_free_entry(ac97->proc_regs);
+	ac97->proc_regs = NULL;
+	snd_info_free_entry(ac97->proc);
+	ac97->proc = NULL;
+}
+
+void snd_ac97_bus_proc_init(struct snd_ac97_bus * bus)
+{
+	struct snd_info_entry *entry;
+	char name[32];
+
+	sprintf(name, "codec97#%d", bus->num);
+	entry = snd_info_create_card_entry(bus->card, name,
+					   bus->card->proc_root);
+	if (entry)
+		entry->mode = S_IFDIR | 0555;
+	bus->proc = entry;
+}
+
+void snd_ac97_bus_proc_done(struct snd_ac97_bus * bus)
+{
+	snd_info_free_entry(bus->proc);
+	bus->proc = NULL;
+}