Adding upstream version 5.10.209.upstream/5.10.209upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 1899 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c b/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c189f70c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1899 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) 2004 James Courtier-Dutton <James@superbug.demon.co.uk>
+ *  Driver CA0106 chips. e.g. Sound Blaster Audigy LS and Live 24bit
+ *  Version: 0.0.25
+ *
+ *  FEATURES currently supported:
+ *    Front, Rear and Center/LFE.
+ *    Surround40 and Surround51.
+ *    Capture from MIC an LINE IN input.
+ *    SPDIF digital playback of PCM stereo and AC3/DTS works.
+ *    (One can use a standard mono mini-jack to one RCA plugs cable.
+ *     or one can use a standard stereo mini-jack to two RCA plugs cable.
+ *     Plug one of the RCA plugs into the Coax input of the external decoder/receiver.)
+ *    ( In theory one could output 3 different AC3 streams at once, to 3 different SPDIF outputs. )
+ *    Notes on how to capture sound:
+ *      The AC97 is used in the PLAYBACK direction.
+ *      The output from the AC97 chip, instead of reaching the speakers, is fed into the Philips 1361T ADC.
+ *      So, to record from the MIC, set the MIC Playback volume to max,
+ *      unmute the MIC and turn up the MASTER Playback volume.
+ *      So, to prevent feedback when capturing, minimise the "Capture feedback into Playback" volume.
+ *   
+ *    The only playback controls that currently do anything are: -
+ *    Analog Front
+ *    Analog Rear
+ *    Analog Center/LFE
+ *    SPDIF Front
+ *    SPDIF Rear
+ *    SPDIF Center/LFE
+ *   
+ *    For capture from Mic in or Line in.
+ *    Digital/Analog ( switch must be in Analog mode for CAPTURE. )
+ * 
+ *    CAPTURE feedback into PLAYBACK
+ * 
+ *  Changelog:
+ *    Support interrupts per period.
+ *    Removed noise from Center/LFE channel when in Analog mode.
+ *    Rename and remove mixer controls.
+ *  0.0.6
+ *    Use separate card based DMA buffer for periods table list.
+ *  0.0.7
+ *    Change remove and rename ctrls into lists.
+ *  0.0.8
+ *    Try to fix capture sources.
+ *  0.0.9
+ *    Fix AC3 output.
+ *    Enable S32_LE format support.
+ *  0.0.10
+ *    Enable playback 48000 and 96000 rates. (Rates other that these do not work, even with "plug:front".)
+ *  0.0.11
+ *    Add Model name recognition.
+ *  0.0.12
+ *    Correct interrupt timing. interrupt at end of period, instead of in the middle of a playback period.
+ *    Remove redundent "voice" handling.
+ *  0.0.13
+ *    Single trigger call for multi channels.
+ *  0.0.14
+ *    Set limits based on what the sound card hardware can do.
+ *    playback periods_min=2, periods_max=8
+ *    capture hw constraints require period_size = n * 64 bytes.
+ *    playback hw constraints require period_size = n * 64 bytes.
+ *  0.0.15
+ *    Minor updates.
+ *  0.0.16
+ *    Implement 192000 sample rate.
+ *  0.0.17
+ *    Add support for SB0410 and SB0413.
+ *  0.0.18
+ *    Modified Copyright message.
+ *  0.0.19
+ *    Finally fix support for SB Live 24 bit. SB0410 and SB0413.
+ *    The output codec needs resetting, otherwise all output is muted.
+ *  0.0.20
+ *    Merge "pci_disable_device(pci);" fixes.
+ *  0.0.21
+ *    Add 4 capture channels. (SPDIF only comes in on channel 0. )
+ *    Add SPDIF capture using optional digital I/O module for SB Live 24bit. (Analog capture does not yet work.)
+ *  0.0.22
+ *    Add support for MSI K8N Diamond Motherboard with onboard SB Live 24bit without AC97. From kiksen, bug #901
+ *  0.0.23
+ *    Implement support for Line-in capture on SB Live 24bit.
+ *  0.0.24
+ *    Add support for mute control on SB Live 24bit (cards w/ SPI DAC)
+ *  0.0.25
+ *    Powerdown SPI DAC channels when not in use
+ *
+ *  BUGS:
+ *    Some stability problems when unloading the snd-ca0106 kernel module.
+ *    --
+ *
+ *  TODO:
+ *    4 Capture channels, only one implemented so far.
+ *    Other capture rates apart from 48khz not implemented.
+ *    MIDI
+ *    --
+ *  GENERAL INFO:
+ *    Model: SB0310
+ *    P17 Chip: CA0106-DAT
+ *    AC97 Codec: STAC 9721
+ *    ADC: Philips 1361T (Stereo 24bit)
+ *    DAC: WM8746EDS (6-channel, 24bit, 192Khz)
+ *
+ *  GENERAL INFO:
+ *    Model: SB0410
+ *    P17 Chip: CA0106-DAT
+ *    AC97 Codec: None
+ *    ADC: WM8775EDS (4 Channel)
+ *    DAC: CS4382 (114 dB, 24-Bit, 192 kHz, 8-Channel D/A Converter with DSD Support)
+ *    SPDIF Out control switches between Mic in and SPDIF out.
+ *    No sound out or mic input working yet.
+ * 
+ *  GENERAL INFO:
+ *    Model: SB0413
+ *    P17 Chip: CA0106-DAT
+ *    AC97 Codec: None.
+ *    ADC: Unknown
+ *    DAC: Unknown
+ *    Trying to handle it like the SB0410.
+ *
+ *  This code was initially based on code from ALSA's emu10k1x.c which is:
+ *  Copyright (c) by Francisco Moraes <fmoraes@nc.rr.com>
+ */
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/pci.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+#include <sound/ac97_codec.h>
+#include <sound/info.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("James Courtier-Dutton <James@superbug.demon.co.uk>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("CA0106");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_SUPPORTED_DEVICE("{{Creative,SB CA0106 chip}}");
+
+// module parameters (see "Module Parameters")
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_PNP;
+static uint subsystem[SNDRV_CARDS]; /* Force card subsystem model */
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for the CA0106 soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for the CA0106 soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable the CA0106 soundcard.");
+module_param_array(subsystem, uint, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(subsystem, "Force card subsystem model.");
+
+#include "ca0106.h"
+
+static const struct snd_ca0106_details ca0106_chip_details[] = {
+	 /* Sound Blaster X-Fi Extreme Audio. This does not have an AC97. 53SB079000000 */
+	 /* It is really just a normal SB Live 24bit. */
+	 /* Tested:
+	  * See ALSA bug#3251
+	  */
+	 { .serial = 0x10131102,
+	   .name   = "X-Fi Extreme Audio [SBxxxx]",
+	   .gpio_type = 1,
+	   .i2c_adc = 1 } ,
+	 /* Sound Blaster X-Fi Extreme Audio. This does not have an AC97. 53SB079000000 */
+	 /* It is really just a normal SB Live 24bit. */
+	 /*
+ 	  * CTRL:CA0111-WTLF
+	  * ADC: WM8775SEDS
+	  * DAC: CS4382-KQZ
+	  */
+	 /* Tested:
+	  * Playback on front, rear, center/lfe speakers
+	  * Capture from Mic in.
+	  * Not-Tested:
+	  * Capture from Line in.
+	  * Playback to digital out.
+	  */
+	 { .serial = 0x10121102,
+	   .name   = "X-Fi Extreme Audio [SB0790]",
+	   .gpio_type = 1,
+	   .i2c_adc = 1 } ,
+	 /* New Dell Sound Blaster Live! 7.1 24bit. This does not have an AC97.  */
+	 /* AudigyLS[SB0310] */
+	 { .serial = 0x10021102,
+	   .name   = "AudigyLS [SB0310]",
+	   .ac97   = 1 } , 
+	 /* Unknown AudigyLS that also says SB0310 on it */
+	 { .serial = 0x10051102,
+	   .name   = "AudigyLS [SB0310b]",
+	   .ac97   = 1 } ,
+	 /* New Sound Blaster Live! 7.1 24bit. This does not have an AC97. 53SB041000001 */
+	 { .serial = 0x10061102,
+	   .name   = "Live! 7.1 24bit [SB0410]",
+	   .gpio_type = 1,
+	   .i2c_adc = 1 } ,
+	 /* New Dell Sound Blaster Live! 7.1 24bit. This does not have an AC97.  */
+	 { .serial = 0x10071102,
+	   .name   = "Live! 7.1 24bit [SB0413]",
+	   .gpio_type = 1,
+	   .i2c_adc = 1 } ,
+	 /* New Audigy SE. Has a different DAC. */
+	 /* SB0570:
+	  * CTRL:CA0106-DAT
+	  * ADC: WM8775EDS
+	  * DAC: WM8768GEDS
+	  */
+	 { .serial = 0x100a1102,
+	   .name   = "Audigy SE [SB0570]",
+	   .gpio_type = 1,
+	   .i2c_adc = 1,
+	   .spi_dac = 0x4021 } ,
+	 /* New Audigy LS. Has a different DAC. */
+	 /* SB0570:
+	  * CTRL:CA0106-DAT
+	  * ADC: WM8775EDS
+	  * DAC: WM8768GEDS
+	  */
+	 { .serial = 0x10111102,
+	   .name   = "Audigy SE OEM [SB0570a]",
+	   .gpio_type = 1,
+	   .i2c_adc = 1,
+	   .spi_dac = 0x4021 } ,
+	/* Sound Blaster 5.1vx
+	 * Tested: Playback on front, rear, center/lfe speakers
+	 * Not-Tested: Capture
+	 */
+	{ .serial = 0x10041102,
+	  .name   = "Sound Blaster 5.1vx [SB1070]",
+	  .gpio_type = 1,
+	  .i2c_adc = 0,
+	  .spi_dac = 0x0124
+	 } ,
+	 /* MSI K8N Diamond Motherboard with onboard SB Live 24bit without AC97 */
+	 /* SB0438
+	  * CTRL:CA0106-DAT
+	  * ADC: WM8775SEDS
+	  * DAC: CS4382-KQZ
+	  */
+	 { .serial = 0x10091462,
+	   .name   = "MSI K8N Diamond MB [SB0438]",
+	   .gpio_type = 2,
+	   .i2c_adc = 1 } ,
+	 /* MSI K8N Diamond PLUS MB */
+	 { .serial = 0x10091102,
+	   .name   = "MSI K8N Diamond MB",
+	   .gpio_type = 2,
+	   .i2c_adc = 1,
+	   .spi_dac = 0x4021 } ,
+	/* Giga-byte GA-G1975X mobo
+	 * Novell bnc#395807
+	 */
+	/* FIXME: the GPIO and I2C setting aren't tested well */
+	{ .serial = 0x1458a006,
+	  .name = "Giga-byte GA-G1975X",
+	  .gpio_type = 1,
+	  .i2c_adc = 1 },
+	 /* Shuttle XPC SD31P which has an onboard Creative Labs
+	  * Sound Blaster Live! 24-bit EAX
+	  * high-definition 7.1 audio processor".
+	  * Added using info from andrewvegan in alsa bug #1298
+	  */
+	 { .serial = 0x30381297,
+	   .name   = "Shuttle XPC SD31P [SD31P]",
+	   .gpio_type = 1,
+	   .i2c_adc = 1 } ,
+	/* Shuttle XPC SD11G5 which has an onboard Creative Labs
+	 * Sound Blaster Live! 24-bit EAX
+	 * high-definition 7.1 audio processor".
+	 * Fixes ALSA bug#1600
+         */
+	{ .serial = 0x30411297,
+	  .name = "Shuttle XPC SD11G5 [SD11G5]",
+	  .gpio_type = 1,
+	  .i2c_adc = 1 } ,
+	 { .serial = 0,
+	   .name   = "AudigyLS [Unknown]" }
+};
+
+/* hardware definition */
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_ca0106_playback_hw = {
+	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | 
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START,
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE,
+	.rates =		(SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000 |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_RATE_192000),
+	.rate_min =		48000,
+	.rate_max =		192000,
+	.channels_min =		2,  //1,
+	.channels_max =		2,  //6,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	((65536 - 64) * 8),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(65536 - 64),
+	.periods_min =		2,
+	.periods_max =		8,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_ca0106_capture_hw = {
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | 
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE,
+#if 0 /* FIXME: looks like 44.1kHz capture causes noisy output on 48kHz */
+	.rates =		(SNDRV_PCM_RATE_44100 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000 |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_192000),
+	.rate_min =		44100,
+#else
+	.rates =		(SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000 |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_192000),
+	.rate_min =		48000,
+#endif /* FIXME */
+	.rate_max =		192000,
+	.channels_min =		2,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	65536 - 128,
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	32768 - 64,
+	.periods_min =		2,
+	.periods_max =		2,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+unsigned int snd_ca0106_ptr_read(struct snd_ca0106 * emu, 
+					  unsigned int reg, 
+					  unsigned int chn)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	unsigned int regptr, val;
+  
+	regptr = (reg << 16) | chn;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&emu->emu_lock, flags);
+	outl(regptr, emu->port + PTR);
+	val = inl(emu->port + DATA);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&emu->emu_lock, flags);
+	return val;
+}
+
+void snd_ca0106_ptr_write(struct snd_ca0106 *emu, 
+				   unsigned int reg, 
+				   unsigned int chn, 
+				   unsigned int data)
+{
+	unsigned int regptr;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	regptr = (reg << 16) | chn;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&emu->emu_lock, flags);
+	outl(regptr, emu->port + PTR);
+	outl(data, emu->port + DATA);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&emu->emu_lock, flags);
+}
+
+int snd_ca0106_spi_write(struct snd_ca0106 * emu,
+				   unsigned int data)
+{
+	unsigned int reset, set;
+	unsigned int reg, tmp;
+	int n, result;
+	reg = SPI;
+	if (data > 0xffff) /* Only 16bit values allowed */
+		return 1;
+	tmp = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, reg, 0);
+	reset = (tmp & ~0x3ffff) | 0x20000; /* Set xxx20000 */
+	set = reset | 0x10000; /* Set xxx1xxxx */
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, reg, 0, reset | data);
+	tmp = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, reg, 0); /* write post */
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, reg, 0, set | data);
+	result = 1;
+	/* Wait for status bit to return to 0 */
+	for (n = 0; n < 100; n++) {
+		udelay(10);
+		tmp = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, reg, 0);
+		if (!(tmp & 0x10000)) {
+			result = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if (result) /* Timed out */
+		return 1;
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, reg, 0, reset | data);
+	tmp = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, reg, 0); /* Write post */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* The ADC does not support i2c read, so only write is implemented */
+int snd_ca0106_i2c_write(struct snd_ca0106 *emu,
+				u32 reg,
+				u32 value)
+{
+	u32 tmp;
+	int timeout = 0;
+	int status;
+	int retry;
+	if ((reg > 0x7f) || (value > 0x1ff)) {
+		dev_err(emu->card->dev, "i2c_write: invalid values.\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	tmp = reg << 25 | value << 16;
+	/*
+	dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "I2C-write:reg=0x%x, value=0x%x\n", reg, value);
+	*/
+	/* Not sure what this I2C channel controls. */
+	/* snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, I2C_D0, 0, tmp); */
+
+	/* This controls the I2C connected to the WM8775 ADC Codec */
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, I2C_D1, 0, tmp);
+
+	for (retry = 0; retry < 10; retry++) {
+		/* Send the data to i2c */
+		//tmp = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, I2C_A, 0);
+		//tmp = tmp & ~(I2C_A_ADC_READ|I2C_A_ADC_LAST|I2C_A_ADC_START|I2C_A_ADC_ADD_MASK);
+		tmp = 0;
+		tmp = tmp | (I2C_A_ADC_LAST|I2C_A_ADC_START|I2C_A_ADC_ADD);
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, I2C_A, 0, tmp);
+
+		/* Wait till the transaction ends */
+		while (1) {
+			status = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, I2C_A, 0);
+			/*dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "I2C:status=0x%x\n", status);*/
+			timeout++;
+			if ((status & I2C_A_ADC_START) == 0)
+				break;
+
+			if (timeout > 1000)
+				break;
+		}
+		//Read back and see if the transaction is successful
+		if ((status & I2C_A_ADC_ABORT) == 0)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	if (retry == 10) {
+		dev_err(emu->card->dev, "Writing to ADC failed!\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+    
+    	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static void snd_ca0106_intr_enable(struct snd_ca0106 *emu, unsigned int intrenb)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	unsigned int intr_enable;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&emu->emu_lock, flags);
+	intr_enable = inl(emu->port + INTE) | intrenb;
+	outl(intr_enable, emu->port + INTE);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&emu->emu_lock, flags);
+}
+
+static void snd_ca0106_intr_disable(struct snd_ca0106 *emu, unsigned int intrenb)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	unsigned int intr_enable;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&emu->emu_lock, flags);
+	intr_enable = inl(emu->port + INTE) & ~intrenb;
+	outl(intr_enable, emu->port + INTE);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&emu->emu_lock, flags);
+}
+
+
+static void snd_ca0106_pcm_free_substream(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	kfree(runtime->private_data);
+}
+
+static const int spi_dacd_reg[] = {
+	SPI_DACD0_REG,
+	SPI_DACD1_REG,
+	SPI_DACD2_REG,
+	0,
+	SPI_DACD4_REG,
+};
+static const int spi_dacd_bit[] = {
+	SPI_DACD0_BIT,
+	SPI_DACD1_BIT,
+	SPI_DACD2_BIT,
+	0,
+	SPI_DACD4_BIT,
+};
+
+static void restore_spdif_bits(struct snd_ca0106 *chip, int idx)
+{
+	if (chip->spdif_str_bits[idx] != chip->spdif_bits[idx]) {
+		chip->spdif_str_bits[idx] = chip->spdif_bits[idx];
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, SPCS0 + idx, 0,
+				     chip->spdif_str_bits[idx]);
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_ca0106_channel_dac(struct snd_ca0106 *chip,
+				  const struct snd_ca0106_details *details,
+				  int channel_id)
+{
+	switch (channel_id) {
+	case PCM_FRONT_CHANNEL:
+		return (details->spi_dac & 0xf000) >> (4 * 3);
+	case PCM_REAR_CHANNEL:
+		return (details->spi_dac & 0x0f00) >> (4 * 2);
+	case PCM_CENTER_LFE_CHANNEL:
+		return (details->spi_dac & 0x00f0) >> (4 * 1);
+	case PCM_UNKNOWN_CHANNEL:
+		return (details->spi_dac & 0x000f) >> (4 * 0);
+	default:
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "ca0106: unknown channel_id %d\n",
+			   channel_id);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_power_dac(struct snd_ca0106 *chip, int channel_id,
+				    int power)
+{
+	if (chip->details->spi_dac) {
+		const int dac = snd_ca0106_channel_dac(chip, chip->details,
+						       channel_id);
+		const int reg = spi_dacd_reg[dac];
+		const int bit = spi_dacd_bit[dac];
+
+		if (power)
+			/* Power up */
+			chip->spi_dac_reg[reg] &= ~bit;
+		else
+			/* Power down */
+			chip->spi_dac_reg[reg] |= bit;
+		if (snd_ca0106_spi_write(chip, chip->spi_dac_reg[reg]) != 0)
+			return -ENXIO;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* open_playback callback */
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_open_playback_channel(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+						int channel_id)
+{
+	struct snd_ca0106 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+        struct snd_ca0106_channel *channel = &(chip->playback_channels[channel_id]);
+	struct snd_ca0106_pcm *epcm;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int err;
+
+	epcm = kzalloc(sizeof(*epcm), GFP_KERNEL);
+
+	if (epcm == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	epcm->emu = chip;
+	epcm->substream = substream;
+        epcm->channel_id=channel_id;
+  
+	runtime->private_data = epcm;
+	runtime->private_free = snd_ca0106_pcm_free_substream;
+  
+	runtime->hw = snd_ca0106_playback_hw;
+
+        channel->emu = chip;
+        channel->number = channel_id;
+
+	channel->use = 1;
+	/*
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "open:channel_id=%d, chip=%p, channel=%p\n",
+	       channel_id, chip, channel);
+	*/
+        //channel->interrupt = snd_ca0106_pcm_channel_interrupt;
+	channel->epcm = epcm;
+	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+                return err;
+	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, 64)) < 0)
+                return err;
+	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
+
+	/* Front channel dac should already be on */
+	if (channel_id != PCM_FRONT_CHANNEL) {
+		err = snd_ca0106_pcm_power_dac(chip, channel_id, 1);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	restore_spdif_bits(chip, channel_id);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* close callback */
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_close_playback(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_ca0106 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+        struct snd_ca0106_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
+	chip->playback_channels[epcm->channel_id].use = 0;
+
+	restore_spdif_bits(chip, epcm->channel_id);
+
+	/* Front channel dac should stay on */
+	if (epcm->channel_id != PCM_FRONT_CHANNEL) {
+		int err;
+		err = snd_ca0106_pcm_power_dac(chip, epcm->channel_id, 0);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* FIXME: maybe zero others */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_open_playback_front(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	return snd_ca0106_pcm_open_playback_channel(substream, PCM_FRONT_CHANNEL);
+}
+
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_open_playback_center_lfe(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	return snd_ca0106_pcm_open_playback_channel(substream, PCM_CENTER_LFE_CHANNEL);
+}
+
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_open_playback_unknown(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	return snd_ca0106_pcm_open_playback_channel(substream, PCM_UNKNOWN_CHANNEL);
+}
+
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_open_playback_rear(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	return snd_ca0106_pcm_open_playback_channel(substream, PCM_REAR_CHANNEL);
+}
+
+/* open_capture callback */
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_open_capture_channel(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					       int channel_id)
+{
+	struct snd_ca0106 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+        struct snd_ca0106_channel *channel = &(chip->capture_channels[channel_id]);
+	struct snd_ca0106_pcm *epcm;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int err;
+
+	epcm = kzalloc(sizeof(*epcm), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!epcm)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	epcm->emu = chip;
+	epcm->substream = substream;
+        epcm->channel_id=channel_id;
+  
+	runtime->private_data = epcm;
+	runtime->private_free = snd_ca0106_pcm_free_substream;
+  
+	runtime->hw = snd_ca0106_capture_hw;
+
+        channel->emu = chip;
+        channel->number = channel_id;
+
+	channel->use = 1;
+	/*
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "open:channel_id=%d, chip=%p, channel=%p\n",
+	       channel_id, chip, channel);
+	*/
+        //channel->interrupt = snd_ca0106_pcm_channel_interrupt;
+        channel->epcm = epcm;
+	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
+                return err;
+	//snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE, &hw_constraints_capture_period_sizes);
+	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, 64)) < 0)
+                return err;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* close callback */
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_close_capture(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_ca0106 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+        struct snd_ca0106_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
+	chip->capture_channels[epcm->channel_id].use = 0;
+	/* FIXME: maybe zero others */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_open_0_capture(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	return snd_ca0106_pcm_open_capture_channel(substream, 0);
+}
+
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_open_1_capture(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	return snd_ca0106_pcm_open_capture_channel(substream, 1);
+}
+
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_open_2_capture(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	return snd_ca0106_pcm_open_capture_channel(substream, 2);
+}
+
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_open_3_capture(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	return snd_ca0106_pcm_open_capture_channel(substream, 3);
+}
+
+/* prepare playback callback */
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_prepare_playback(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_ca0106 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_ca0106_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
+	int channel = epcm->channel_id;
+	u32 *table_base = (u32 *)(emu->buffer.area+(8*16*channel));
+	u32 period_size_bytes = frames_to_bytes(runtime, runtime->period_size);
+	u32 hcfg_mask = HCFG_PLAYBACK_S32_LE;
+	u32 hcfg_set = 0x00000000;
+	u32 hcfg;
+	u32 reg40_mask = 0x30000 << (channel<<1);
+	u32 reg40_set = 0;
+	u32 reg40;
+	/* FIXME: Depending on mixer selection of SPDIF out or not, select the spdif rate or the DAC rate. */
+	u32 reg71_mask = 0x03030000 ; /* Global. Set SPDIF rate. We only support 44100 to spdif, not to DAC. */
+	u32 reg71_set = 0;
+	u32 reg71;
+	int i;
+	
+#if 0 /* debug */
+	dev_dbg(emu->card->dev,
+		   "prepare:channel_number=%d, rate=%d, format=0x%x, "
+		   "channels=%d, buffer_size=%ld, period_size=%ld, "
+		   "periods=%u, frames_to_bytes=%d\n",
+		   channel, runtime->rate, runtime->format,
+		   runtime->channels, runtime->buffer_size,
+		   runtime->period_size, runtime->periods,
+		   frames_to_bytes(runtime, 1));
+	dev_dbg(emu->card->dev,
+		"dma_addr=%x, dma_area=%p, table_base=%p\n",
+		   runtime->dma_addr, runtime->dma_area, table_base);
+	dev_dbg(emu->card->dev,
+		"dma_addr=%x, dma_area=%p, dma_bytes(size)=%x\n",
+		   emu->buffer.addr, emu->buffer.area, emu->buffer.bytes);
+#endif /* debug */
+	/* Rate can be set per channel. */
+	/* reg40 control host to fifo */
+	/* reg71 controls DAC rate. */
+	switch (runtime->rate) {
+	case 44100:
+		reg40_set = 0x10000 << (channel<<1);
+		reg71_set = 0x01010000; 
+		break;
+        case 48000:
+		reg40_set = 0;
+		reg71_set = 0; 
+		break;
+	case 96000:
+		reg40_set = 0x20000 << (channel<<1);
+		reg71_set = 0x02020000; 
+		break;
+	case 192000:
+		reg40_set = 0x30000 << (channel<<1);
+		reg71_set = 0x03030000; 
+		break;
+	default:
+		reg40_set = 0;
+		reg71_set = 0; 
+		break;
+	}
+	/* Format is a global setting */
+	/* FIXME: Only let the first channel accessed set this. */
+	switch (runtime->format) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE:
+		hcfg_set = 0;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S32_LE:
+		hcfg_set = HCFG_PLAYBACK_S32_LE;
+		break;
+	default:
+		hcfg_set = 0;
+		break;
+	}
+	hcfg = inl(emu->port + HCFG) ;
+	hcfg = (hcfg & ~hcfg_mask) | hcfg_set;
+	outl(hcfg, emu->port + HCFG);
+	reg40 = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, 0x40, 0);
+	reg40 = (reg40 & ~reg40_mask) | reg40_set;
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, 0x40, 0, reg40);
+	reg71 = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, 0x71, 0);
+	reg71 = (reg71 & ~reg71_mask) | reg71_set;
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, 0x71, 0, reg71);
+
+	/* FIXME: Check emu->buffer.size before actually writing to it. */
+        for(i=0; i < runtime->periods; i++) {
+		table_base[i*2] = runtime->dma_addr + (i * period_size_bytes);
+		table_base[i*2+1] = period_size_bytes << 16;
+	}
+ 
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, PLAYBACK_LIST_ADDR, channel, emu->buffer.addr+(8*16*channel));
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, PLAYBACK_LIST_SIZE, channel, (runtime->periods - 1) << 19);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, PLAYBACK_LIST_PTR, channel, 0);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, PLAYBACK_DMA_ADDR, channel, runtime->dma_addr);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, PLAYBACK_PERIOD_SIZE, channel, frames_to_bytes(runtime, runtime->period_size)<<16); // buffer size in bytes
+	/* FIXME  test what 0 bytes does. */
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, PLAYBACK_PERIOD_SIZE, channel, 0); // buffer size in bytes
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, PLAYBACK_POINTER, channel, 0);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, 0x07, channel, 0x0);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, 0x08, channel, 0);
+        snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, PLAYBACK_MUTE, 0x0, 0x0); /* Unmute output */
+#if 0
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, SPCS0, 0,
+			       SPCS_CLKACCY_1000PPM | SPCS_SAMPLERATE_48 |
+			       SPCS_CHANNELNUM_LEFT | SPCS_SOURCENUM_UNSPEC |
+			       SPCS_GENERATIONSTATUS | 0x00001200 |
+			       0x00000000 | SPCS_EMPHASIS_NONE | SPCS_COPYRIGHT );
+#endif
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* prepare capture callback */
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_prepare_capture(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_ca0106 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_ca0106_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
+	int channel = epcm->channel_id;
+	u32 hcfg_mask = HCFG_CAPTURE_S32_LE;
+	u32 hcfg_set = 0x00000000;
+	u32 hcfg;
+	u32 over_sampling=0x2;
+	u32 reg71_mask = 0x0000c000 ; /* Global. Set ADC rate. */
+	u32 reg71_set = 0;
+	u32 reg71;
+	
+#if 0 /* debug */
+	dev_dbg(emu->card->dev,
+		   "prepare:channel_number=%d, rate=%d, format=0x%x, "
+		   "channels=%d, buffer_size=%ld, period_size=%ld, "
+		   "periods=%u, frames_to_bytes=%d\n",
+		   channel, runtime->rate, runtime->format,
+		   runtime->channels, runtime->buffer_size,
+		   runtime->period_size, runtime->periods,
+		   frames_to_bytes(runtime, 1));
+	dev_dbg(emu->card->dev,
+		"dma_addr=%x, dma_area=%p, table_base=%p\n",
+		   runtime->dma_addr, runtime->dma_area, table_base);
+	dev_dbg(emu->card->dev,
+		"dma_addr=%x, dma_area=%p, dma_bytes(size)=%x\n",
+		   emu->buffer.addr, emu->buffer.area, emu->buffer.bytes);
+#endif /* debug */
+	/* reg71 controls ADC rate. */
+	switch (runtime->rate) {
+	case 44100:
+		reg71_set = 0x00004000;
+		break;
+        case 48000:
+		reg71_set = 0; 
+		break;
+	case 96000:
+		reg71_set = 0x00008000;
+		over_sampling=0xa;
+		break;
+	case 192000:
+		reg71_set = 0x0000c000; 
+		over_sampling=0xa;
+		break;
+	default:
+		reg71_set = 0; 
+		break;
+	}
+	/* Format is a global setting */
+	/* FIXME: Only let the first channel accessed set this. */
+	switch (runtime->format) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE:
+		hcfg_set = 0;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S32_LE:
+		hcfg_set = HCFG_CAPTURE_S32_LE;
+		break;
+	default:
+		hcfg_set = 0;
+		break;
+	}
+	hcfg = inl(emu->port + HCFG) ;
+	hcfg = (hcfg & ~hcfg_mask) | hcfg_set;
+	outl(hcfg, emu->port + HCFG);
+	reg71 = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, 0x71, 0);
+	reg71 = (reg71 & ~reg71_mask) | reg71_set;
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, 0x71, 0, reg71);
+        if (emu->details->i2c_adc == 1) { /* The SB0410 and SB0413 use I2C to control ADC. */
+	        snd_ca0106_i2c_write(emu, ADC_MASTER, over_sampling); /* Adjust the over sampler to better suit the capture rate. */
+	}
+
+
+	/*
+	dev_dbg(emu->card->dev,
+	       "prepare:channel_number=%d, rate=%d, format=0x%x, channels=%d, "
+	       "buffer_size=%ld, period_size=%ld, frames_to_bytes=%d\n",
+	       channel, runtime->rate, runtime->format, runtime->channels,
+	       runtime->buffer_size, runtime->period_size,
+	       frames_to_bytes(runtime, 1));
+	*/
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, 0x13, channel, 0);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, CAPTURE_DMA_ADDR, channel, runtime->dma_addr);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, CAPTURE_BUFFER_SIZE, channel, frames_to_bytes(runtime, runtime->buffer_size)<<16); // buffer size in bytes
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, CAPTURE_POINTER, channel, 0);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* trigger_playback callback */
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_trigger_playback(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				    int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_ca0106 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	struct snd_ca0106_pcm *epcm;
+	int channel;
+	int result = 0;
+        struct snd_pcm_substream *s;
+	u32 basic = 0;
+	u32 extended = 0;
+	u32 bits;
+	int running = 0;
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
+		running = 1;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
+	default:
+		running = 0;
+		break;
+	}
+        snd_pcm_group_for_each_entry(s, substream) {
+		if (snd_pcm_substream_chip(s) != emu ||
+		    s->stream != SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
+			continue;
+		runtime = s->runtime;
+		epcm = runtime->private_data;
+		channel = epcm->channel_id;
+		/* dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "channel=%d\n", channel); */
+		epcm->running = running;
+		basic |= (0x1 << channel);
+		extended |= (0x10 << channel);
+                snd_pcm_trigger_done(s, substream);
+        }
+	/* dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "basic=0x%x, extended=0x%x\n",basic, extended); */
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
+		bits = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, EXTENDED_INT_MASK, 0);
+		bits |= extended;
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, EXTENDED_INT_MASK, 0, bits);
+		bits = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, BASIC_INTERRUPT, 0);
+		bits |= basic;
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, BASIC_INTERRUPT, 0, bits);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
+		bits = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, BASIC_INTERRUPT, 0);
+		bits &= ~basic;
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, BASIC_INTERRUPT, 0, bits);
+		bits = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, EXTENDED_INT_MASK, 0);
+		bits &= ~extended;
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, EXTENDED_INT_MASK, 0, bits);
+		break;
+	default:
+		result = -EINVAL;
+		break;
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+/* trigger_capture callback */
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm_trigger_capture(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				    int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_ca0106 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_ca0106_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
+	int channel = epcm->channel_id;
+	int result = 0;
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, EXTENDED_INT_MASK, 0, snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, EXTENDED_INT_MASK, 0) | (0x110000<<channel));
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, BASIC_INTERRUPT, 0, snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, BASIC_INTERRUPT, 0)|(0x100<<channel));
+		epcm->running = 1;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, BASIC_INTERRUPT, 0, snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, BASIC_INTERRUPT, 0) & ~(0x100<<channel));
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(emu, EXTENDED_INT_MASK, 0, snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, EXTENDED_INT_MASK, 0) & ~(0x110000<<channel));
+		epcm->running = 0;
+		break;
+	default:
+		result = -EINVAL;
+		break;
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+/* pointer_playback callback */
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t
+snd_ca0106_pcm_pointer_playback(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_ca0106 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_ca0106_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
+	unsigned int ptr, prev_ptr;
+	int channel = epcm->channel_id;
+	int timeout = 10;
+
+	if (!epcm->running)
+		return 0;
+
+	prev_ptr = -1;
+	do {
+		ptr = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, PLAYBACK_LIST_PTR, channel);
+		ptr = (ptr >> 3) * runtime->period_size;
+		ptr += bytes_to_frames(runtime,
+			snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, PLAYBACK_POINTER, channel));
+		if (ptr >= runtime->buffer_size)
+			ptr -= runtime->buffer_size;
+		if (prev_ptr == ptr)
+			return ptr;
+		prev_ptr = ptr;
+	} while (--timeout);
+	dev_warn(emu->card->dev, "ca0106: unstable DMA pointer!\n");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* pointer_capture callback */
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t
+snd_ca0106_pcm_pointer_capture(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_ca0106 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_ca0106_pcm *epcm = runtime->private_data;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t ptr, ptr1, ptr2 = 0;
+	int channel = epcm->channel_id;
+
+	if (!epcm->running)
+		return 0;
+
+	ptr1 = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(emu, CAPTURE_POINTER, channel);
+	ptr2 = bytes_to_frames(runtime, ptr1);
+	ptr=ptr2;
+        if (ptr >= runtime->buffer_size)
+		ptr -= runtime->buffer_size;
+	/*
+	dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "ptr1 = 0x%lx, ptr2=0x%lx, ptr=0x%lx, "
+	       "buffer_size = 0x%x, period_size = 0x%x, bits=%d, rate=%d\n",
+	       ptr1, ptr2, ptr, (int)runtime->buffer_size,
+	       (int)runtime->period_size, (int)runtime->frame_bits,
+	       (int)runtime->rate);
+	*/
+	return ptr;
+}
+
+/* operators */
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_ca0106_playback_front_ops = {
+	.open =        snd_ca0106_pcm_open_playback_front,
+	.close =       snd_ca0106_pcm_close_playback,
+	.prepare =     snd_ca0106_pcm_prepare_playback,
+	.trigger =     snd_ca0106_pcm_trigger_playback,
+	.pointer =     snd_ca0106_pcm_pointer_playback,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_ca0106_capture_0_ops = {
+	.open =        snd_ca0106_pcm_open_0_capture,
+	.close =       snd_ca0106_pcm_close_capture,
+	.prepare =     snd_ca0106_pcm_prepare_capture,
+	.trigger =     snd_ca0106_pcm_trigger_capture,
+	.pointer =     snd_ca0106_pcm_pointer_capture,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_ca0106_capture_1_ops = {
+	.open =        snd_ca0106_pcm_open_1_capture,
+	.close =       snd_ca0106_pcm_close_capture,
+	.prepare =     snd_ca0106_pcm_prepare_capture,
+	.trigger =     snd_ca0106_pcm_trigger_capture,
+	.pointer =     snd_ca0106_pcm_pointer_capture,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_ca0106_capture_2_ops = {
+	.open =        snd_ca0106_pcm_open_2_capture,
+	.close =       snd_ca0106_pcm_close_capture,
+	.prepare =     snd_ca0106_pcm_prepare_capture,
+	.trigger =     snd_ca0106_pcm_trigger_capture,
+	.pointer =     snd_ca0106_pcm_pointer_capture,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_ca0106_capture_3_ops = {
+	.open =        snd_ca0106_pcm_open_3_capture,
+	.close =       snd_ca0106_pcm_close_capture,
+	.prepare =     snd_ca0106_pcm_prepare_capture,
+	.trigger =     snd_ca0106_pcm_trigger_capture,
+	.pointer =     snd_ca0106_pcm_pointer_capture,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_ca0106_playback_center_lfe_ops = {
+        .open =         snd_ca0106_pcm_open_playback_center_lfe,
+        .close =        snd_ca0106_pcm_close_playback,
+        .prepare =      snd_ca0106_pcm_prepare_playback,     
+        .trigger =      snd_ca0106_pcm_trigger_playback,  
+        .pointer =      snd_ca0106_pcm_pointer_playback, 
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_ca0106_playback_unknown_ops = {
+        .open =         snd_ca0106_pcm_open_playback_unknown,
+        .close =        snd_ca0106_pcm_close_playback,
+        .prepare =      snd_ca0106_pcm_prepare_playback,     
+        .trigger =      snd_ca0106_pcm_trigger_playback,  
+        .pointer =      snd_ca0106_pcm_pointer_playback, 
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_ca0106_playback_rear_ops = {
+        .open =         snd_ca0106_pcm_open_playback_rear,
+        .close =        snd_ca0106_pcm_close_playback,
+        .prepare =      snd_ca0106_pcm_prepare_playback,     
+        .trigger =      snd_ca0106_pcm_trigger_playback,  
+        .pointer =      snd_ca0106_pcm_pointer_playback, 
+};
+
+
+static unsigned short snd_ca0106_ac97_read(struct snd_ac97 *ac97,
+					     unsigned short reg)
+{
+	struct snd_ca0106 *emu = ac97->private_data;
+	unsigned long flags;
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&emu->emu_lock, flags);
+	outb(reg, emu->port + AC97ADDRESS);
+	val = inw(emu->port + AC97DATA);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&emu->emu_lock, flags);
+	return val;
+}
+
+static void snd_ca0106_ac97_write(struct snd_ac97 *ac97,
+				    unsigned short reg, unsigned short val)
+{
+	struct snd_ca0106 *emu = ac97->private_data;
+	unsigned long flags;
+  
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&emu->emu_lock, flags);
+	outb(reg, emu->port + AC97ADDRESS);
+	outw(val, emu->port + AC97DATA);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&emu->emu_lock, flags);
+}
+
+static int snd_ca0106_ac97(struct snd_ca0106 *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97_bus *pbus;
+	struct snd_ac97_template ac97;
+	int err;
+	static const struct snd_ac97_bus_ops ops = {
+		.write = snd_ca0106_ac97_write,
+		.read = snd_ca0106_ac97_read,
+	};
+  
+	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	pbus->no_vra = 1; /* we don't need VRA */
+
+	memset(&ac97, 0, sizeof(ac97));
+	ac97.private_data = chip;
+	ac97.scaps = AC97_SCAP_NO_SPDIF;
+	return snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &chip->ac97);
+}
+
+static void ca0106_stop_chip(struct snd_ca0106 *chip);
+
+static int snd_ca0106_free(struct snd_ca0106 *chip)
+{
+	if (chip->res_port != NULL) {
+		/* avoid access to already used hardware */
+		ca0106_stop_chip(chip);
+	}
+	if (chip->irq >= 0)
+		free_irq(chip->irq, chip);
+	// release the data
+#if 1
+	if (chip->buffer.area)
+		snd_dma_free_pages(&chip->buffer);
+#endif
+
+	// release the i/o port
+	release_and_free_resource(chip->res_port);
+
+	pci_disable_device(chip->pci);
+	kfree(chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ca0106_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	struct snd_ca0106 *chip = device->device_data;
+	return snd_ca0106_free(chip);
+}
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_ca0106_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	unsigned int status;
+
+	struct snd_ca0106 *chip = dev_id;
+	int i;
+	int mask;
+        unsigned int stat76;
+	struct snd_ca0106_channel *pchannel;
+
+	status = inl(chip->port + IPR);
+	if (! status)
+		return IRQ_NONE;
+
+        stat76 = snd_ca0106_ptr_read(chip, EXTENDED_INT, 0);
+	/*
+	dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "interrupt status = 0x%08x, stat76=0x%08x\n",
+		   status, stat76);
+	dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "ptr=0x%08x\n",
+		   snd_ca0106_ptr_read(chip, PLAYBACK_POINTER, 0));
+	*/
+        mask = 0x11; /* 0x1 for one half, 0x10 for the other half period. */
+	for(i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+		pchannel = &(chip->playback_channels[i]);
+		if (stat76 & mask) {
+/* FIXME: Select the correct substream for period elapsed */
+			if(pchannel->use) {
+				snd_pcm_period_elapsed(pchannel->epcm->substream);
+				/* dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "interrupt [%d] used\n", i); */
+                        }
+		}
+		/*
+		dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "channel=%p\n", pchannel);
+		dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "interrupt stat76[%d] = %08x, use=%d, channel=%d\n", i, stat76, pchannel->use, pchannel->number);
+		*/
+		mask <<= 1;
+	}
+        mask = 0x110000; /* 0x1 for one half, 0x10 for the other half period. */
+	for(i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+		pchannel = &(chip->capture_channels[i]);
+		if (stat76 & mask) {
+/* FIXME: Select the correct substream for period elapsed */
+			if(pchannel->use) {
+				snd_pcm_period_elapsed(pchannel->epcm->substream);
+				/* dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "interrupt [%d] used\n", i); */
+                        }
+		}
+		/*
+		dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "channel=%p\n", pchannel);
+		dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "interrupt stat76[%d] = %08x, use=%d, channel=%d\n", i, stat76, pchannel->use, pchannel->number);
+		*/
+		mask <<= 1;
+	}
+
+        snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, EXTENDED_INT, 0, stat76);
+
+	if (chip->midi.dev_id &&
+	    (status & (chip->midi.ipr_tx|chip->midi.ipr_rx))) {
+		if (chip->midi.interrupt)
+			chip->midi.interrupt(&chip->midi, status);
+		else
+			chip->midi.interrupt_disable(&chip->midi, chip->midi.tx_enable | chip->midi.rx_enable);
+	}
+
+	// acknowledge the interrupt if necessary
+	outl(status, chip->port+IPR);
+
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_chmap_elem surround_map[] = {
+	{ .channels = 2,
+	  .map = { SNDRV_CHMAP_RL, SNDRV_CHMAP_RR } },
+	{ }
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_chmap_elem clfe_map[] = {
+	{ .channels = 2,
+	  .map = { SNDRV_CHMAP_FC, SNDRV_CHMAP_LFE } },
+	{ }
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_chmap_elem side_map[] = {
+	{ .channels = 2,
+	  .map = { SNDRV_CHMAP_SL, SNDRV_CHMAP_SR } },
+	{ }
+};
+
+static int snd_ca0106_pcm(struct snd_ca0106 *emu, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	const struct snd_pcm_chmap_elem *map = NULL;
+	int err;
+  
+	err = snd_pcm_new(emu->card, "ca0106", device, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+  
+	pcm->private_data = emu;
+
+	switch (device) {
+	case 0:
+	  snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_ca0106_playback_front_ops);
+	  snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_ca0106_capture_0_ops);
+	  map = snd_pcm_std_chmaps;
+          break;
+	case 1:
+	  snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_ca0106_playback_rear_ops);
+	  snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_ca0106_capture_1_ops);
+	  map = surround_map;
+          break;
+	case 2:
+	  snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_ca0106_playback_center_lfe_ops);
+	  snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_ca0106_capture_2_ops);
+	  map = clfe_map;
+          break;
+	case 3:
+	  snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_ca0106_playback_unknown_ops);
+	  snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_ca0106_capture_3_ops);
+	  map = side_map;
+          break;
+        }
+
+	pcm->info_flags = 0;
+	strcpy(pcm->name, "CA0106");
+
+	for(substream = pcm->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK].substream; 
+	    substream; 
+	    substream = substream->next) {
+		snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer(substream, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
+					   &emu->pci->dev,
+					   64*1024, 64*1024);
+	}
+
+	for (substream = pcm->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].substream; 
+	      substream; 
+	      substream = substream->next) {
+		snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer(substream, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
+					   &emu->pci->dev,
+					   64*1024, 64*1024);
+	}
+  
+	err = snd_pcm_add_chmap_ctls(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, map, 2,
+				     1 << 2, NULL);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	emu->pcm[device] = pcm;
+  
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define SPI_REG(reg, value)	(((reg) << SPI_REG_SHIFT) | (value))
+static const unsigned int spi_dac_init[] = {
+	SPI_REG(SPI_LDA1_REG,	SPI_DA_BIT_0dB), /* 0dB dig. attenuation */
+	SPI_REG(SPI_RDA1_REG,	SPI_DA_BIT_0dB),
+	SPI_REG(SPI_PL_REG,	SPI_PL_BIT_L_L | SPI_PL_BIT_R_R | SPI_IZD_BIT),
+	SPI_REG(SPI_FMT_REG,	SPI_FMT_BIT_I2S | SPI_IWL_BIT_24),
+	SPI_REG(SPI_LDA2_REG,	SPI_DA_BIT_0dB),
+	SPI_REG(SPI_RDA2_REG,	SPI_DA_BIT_0dB),
+	SPI_REG(SPI_LDA3_REG,	SPI_DA_BIT_0dB),
+	SPI_REG(SPI_RDA3_REG,	SPI_DA_BIT_0dB),
+	SPI_REG(SPI_MASTDA_REG,	SPI_DA_BIT_0dB),
+	SPI_REG(9,		0x00),
+	SPI_REG(SPI_MS_REG,	SPI_DACD0_BIT | SPI_DACD1_BIT | SPI_DACD2_BIT),
+	SPI_REG(12,		0x00),
+	SPI_REG(SPI_LDA4_REG,	SPI_DA_BIT_0dB),
+	SPI_REG(SPI_RDA4_REG,	SPI_DA_BIT_0dB | SPI_DA_BIT_UPDATE),
+	SPI_REG(SPI_DACD4_REG,	SPI_DACD4_BIT),
+};
+
+static const unsigned int i2c_adc_init[][2] = {
+	{ 0x17, 0x00 }, /* Reset */
+	{ 0x07, 0x00 }, /* Timeout */
+	{ 0x0b, 0x22 },  /* Interface control */
+	{ 0x0c, 0x22 },  /* Master mode control */
+	{ 0x0d, 0x08 },  /* Powerdown control */
+	{ 0x0e, 0xcf },  /* Attenuation Left  0x01 = -103dB, 0xff = 24dB */
+	{ 0x0f, 0xcf },  /* Attenuation Right 0.5dB steps */
+	{ 0x10, 0x7b },  /* ALC Control 1 */
+	{ 0x11, 0x00 },  /* ALC Control 2 */
+	{ 0x12, 0x32 },  /* ALC Control 3 */
+	{ 0x13, 0x00 },  /* Noise gate control */
+	{ 0x14, 0xa6 },  /* Limiter control */
+	{ 0x15, ADC_MUX_LINEIN },  /* ADC Mixer control */
+};
+
+static void ca0106_init_chip(struct snd_ca0106 *chip, int resume)
+{
+	int ch;
+	unsigned int def_bits;
+
+	outl(0, chip->port + INTE);
+
+	/*
+	 *  Init to 0x02109204 :
+	 *  Clock accuracy    = 0     (1000ppm)
+	 *  Sample Rate       = 2     (48kHz)
+	 *  Audio Channel     = 1     (Left of 2)
+	 *  Source Number     = 0     (Unspecified)
+	 *  Generation Status = 1     (Original for Cat Code 12)
+	 *  Cat Code          = 12    (Digital Signal Mixer)
+	 *  Mode              = 0     (Mode 0)
+	 *  Emphasis          = 0     (None)
+	 *  CP                = 1     (Copyright unasserted)
+	 *  AN                = 0     (Audio data)
+	 *  P                 = 0     (Consumer)
+	 */
+	def_bits =
+		SPCS_CLKACCY_1000PPM | SPCS_SAMPLERATE_48 |
+		SPCS_CHANNELNUM_LEFT | SPCS_SOURCENUM_UNSPEC |
+		SPCS_GENERATIONSTATUS | 0x00001200 |
+		0x00000000 | SPCS_EMPHASIS_NONE | SPCS_COPYRIGHT;
+	if (!resume) {
+		chip->spdif_str_bits[0] = chip->spdif_bits[0] = def_bits;
+		chip->spdif_str_bits[1] = chip->spdif_bits[1] = def_bits;
+		chip->spdif_str_bits[2] = chip->spdif_bits[2] = def_bits;
+		chip->spdif_str_bits[3] = chip->spdif_bits[3] = def_bits;
+	}
+	/* Only SPCS1 has been tested */
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, SPCS1, 0, chip->spdif_str_bits[1]);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, SPCS0, 0, chip->spdif_str_bits[0]);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, SPCS2, 0, chip->spdif_str_bits[2]);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, SPCS3, 0, chip->spdif_str_bits[3]);
+
+        snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, PLAYBACK_MUTE, 0, 0x00fc0000);
+        snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, CAPTURE_MUTE, 0, 0x00fc0000);
+
+        /* Write 0x8000 to AC97_REC_GAIN to mute it. */
+        outb(AC97_REC_GAIN, chip->port + AC97ADDRESS);
+        outw(0x8000, chip->port + AC97DATA);
+#if 0 /* FIXME: what are these? */
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, SPCS0, 0, 0x2108006);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, 0x42, 0, 0x2108006);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, 0x43, 0, 0x2108006);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, 0x44, 0, 0x2108006);
+#endif
+
+	/* OSS drivers set this. */
+	/* snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, SPDIF_SELECT2, 0, 0xf0f003f); */
+
+	/* Analog or Digital output */
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, SPDIF_SELECT1, 0, 0xf);
+	/* 0x0b000000 for digital, 0x000b0000 for analog, from win2000 drivers.
+	 * Use 0x000f0000 for surround71
+	 */
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, SPDIF_SELECT2, 0, 0x000f0000);
+
+	chip->spdif_enable = 0; /* Set digital SPDIF output off */
+	/*snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, 0x45, 0, 0);*/ /* Analogue out */
+	/*snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, 0x45, 0, 0xf00);*/ /* Digital out */
+
+	/* goes to 0x40c80000 when doing SPDIF IN/OUT */
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, CAPTURE_CONTROL, 0, 0x40c81000);
+	/* (Mute) CAPTURE feedback into PLAYBACK volume.
+	 * Only lower 16 bits matter.
+	 */
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, CAPTURE_CONTROL, 1, 0xffffffff);
+	/* SPDIF IN Volume */
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, CAPTURE_CONTROL, 2, 0x30300000);
+	/* SPDIF IN Volume, 0x70 = (vol & 0x3f) | 0x40 */
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, CAPTURE_CONTROL, 3, 0x00700000);
+
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, PLAYBACK_ROUTING1, 0, 0x32765410);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, PLAYBACK_ROUTING2, 0, 0x76767676);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, CAPTURE_ROUTING1, 0, 0x32765410);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, CAPTURE_ROUTING2, 0, 0x76767676);
+
+	for (ch = 0; ch < 4; ch++) {
+		/* Only high 16 bits matter */
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, CAPTURE_VOLUME1, ch, 0x30303030);
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, CAPTURE_VOLUME2, ch, 0x30303030);
+#if 0 /* Mute */
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, PLAYBACK_VOLUME1, ch, 0x40404040);
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, PLAYBACK_VOLUME2, ch, 0x40404040);
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, PLAYBACK_VOLUME1, ch, 0xffffffff);
+		snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, PLAYBACK_VOLUME2, ch, 0xffffffff);
+#endif
+	}
+	if (chip->details->i2c_adc == 1) {
+	        /* Select MIC, Line in, TAD in, AUX in */
+	        snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, CAPTURE_SOURCE, 0x0, 0x333300e4);
+		/* Default to CAPTURE_SOURCE to i2s in */
+		if (!resume)
+			chip->capture_source = 3;
+	} else if (chip->details->ac97 == 1) {
+	        /* Default to AC97 in */
+	        snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, CAPTURE_SOURCE, 0x0, 0x444400e4);
+		/* Default to CAPTURE_SOURCE to AC97 in */
+		if (!resume)
+			chip->capture_source = 4;
+	} else {
+	        /* Select MIC, Line in, TAD in, AUX in */
+	        snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, CAPTURE_SOURCE, 0x0, 0x333300e4);
+		/* Default to Set CAPTURE_SOURCE to i2s in */
+		if (!resume)
+			chip->capture_source = 3;
+	}
+
+	if (chip->details->gpio_type == 2) {
+		/* The SB0438 use GPIO differently. */
+		/* FIXME: Still need to find out what the other GPIO bits do.
+		 * E.g. For digital spdif out.
+		 */
+		outl(0x0, chip->port+GPIO);
+		/* outl(0x00f0e000, chip->port+GPIO); */ /* Analog */
+		outl(0x005f5301, chip->port+GPIO); /* Analog */
+	} else if (chip->details->gpio_type == 1) {
+		/* The SB0410 and SB0413 use GPIO differently. */
+		/* FIXME: Still need to find out what the other GPIO bits do.
+		 * E.g. For digital spdif out.
+		 */
+		outl(0x0, chip->port+GPIO);
+		/* outl(0x00f0e000, chip->port+GPIO); */ /* Analog */
+		outl(0x005f5301, chip->port+GPIO); /* Analog */
+	} else {
+		outl(0x0, chip->port+GPIO);
+		outl(0x005f03a3, chip->port+GPIO); /* Analog */
+		/* outl(0x005f02a2, chip->port+GPIO); */ /* SPDIF */
+	}
+	snd_ca0106_intr_enable(chip, 0x105); /* Win2000 uses 0x1e0 */
+
+	/* outl(HCFG_LOCKSOUNDCACHE|HCFG_AUDIOENABLE, chip->port+HCFG); */
+	/* 0x1000 causes AC3 to fails. Maybe it effects 24 bit output. */
+	/* outl(0x00001409, chip->port+HCFG); */
+	/* outl(0x00000009, chip->port+HCFG); */
+	/* AC97 2.0, Enable outputs. */
+	outl(HCFG_AC97 | HCFG_AUDIOENABLE, chip->port+HCFG);
+
+	if (chip->details->i2c_adc == 1) {
+		/* The SB0410 and SB0413 use I2C to control ADC. */
+		int size, n;
+
+		size = ARRAY_SIZE(i2c_adc_init);
+		/* dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "I2C:array size=0x%x\n", size); */
+		for (n = 0; n < size; n++)
+			snd_ca0106_i2c_write(chip, i2c_adc_init[n][0],
+					     i2c_adc_init[n][1]);
+		for (n = 0; n < 4; n++) {
+			chip->i2c_capture_volume[n][0] = 0xcf;
+			chip->i2c_capture_volume[n][1] = 0xcf;
+		}
+		chip->i2c_capture_source = 2; /* Line in */
+		/* Enable Line-in capture. MIC in currently untested. */
+		/* snd_ca0106_i2c_write(chip, ADC_MUX, ADC_MUX_LINEIN); */
+	}
+
+	if (chip->details->spi_dac) {
+		/* The SB0570 use SPI to control DAC. */
+		int size, n;
+
+		size = ARRAY_SIZE(spi_dac_init);
+		for (n = 0; n < size; n++) {
+			int reg = spi_dac_init[n] >> SPI_REG_SHIFT;
+
+			snd_ca0106_spi_write(chip, spi_dac_init[n]);
+			if (reg < ARRAY_SIZE(chip->spi_dac_reg))
+				chip->spi_dac_reg[reg] = spi_dac_init[n];
+		}
+
+		/* Enable front dac only */
+		snd_ca0106_pcm_power_dac(chip, PCM_FRONT_CHANNEL, 1);
+	}
+}
+
+static void ca0106_stop_chip(struct snd_ca0106 *chip)
+{
+	/* disable interrupts */
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, BASIC_INTERRUPT, 0, 0);
+	outl(0, chip->port + INTE);
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write(chip, EXTENDED_INT_MASK, 0, 0);
+	udelay(1000);
+	/* disable audio */
+	/* outl(HCFG_LOCKSOUNDCACHE, chip->port + HCFG); */
+	outl(0, chip->port + HCFG);
+	/* FIXME: We need to stop and DMA transfers here.
+	 *        But as I am not sure how yet, we cannot from the dma pages.
+	 * So we can fix: snd-malloc: Memory leak?  pages not freed = 8
+	 */
+}
+
+static int snd_ca0106_create(int dev, struct snd_card *card,
+					 struct pci_dev *pci,
+					 struct snd_ca0106 **rchip)
+{
+	struct snd_ca0106 *chip;
+	const struct snd_ca0106_details *c;
+	int err;
+	static const struct snd_device_ops ops = {
+		.dev_free = snd_ca0106_dev_free,
+	};
+
+	*rchip = NULL;
+
+	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (dma_set_mask(&pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32)) < 0 ||
+	    dma_set_coherent_mask(&pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32)) < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "error to set 32bit mask DMA\n");
+		pci_disable_device(pci);
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+
+	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (chip == NULL) {
+		pci_disable_device(pci);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	chip->card = card;
+	chip->pci = pci;
+	chip->irq = -1;
+
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->emu_lock);
+
+	chip->port = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
+	chip->res_port = request_region(chip->port, 0x20, "snd_ca0106");
+	if (!chip->res_port) {
+		snd_ca0106_free(chip);
+		dev_err(card->dev, "cannot allocate the port\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_ca0106_interrupt,
+			IRQF_SHARED, KBUILD_MODNAME, chip)) {
+		snd_ca0106_free(chip);
+		dev_err(card->dev, "cannot grab irq\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->irq = pci->irq;
+	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
+
+	/* This stores the periods table. */
+	if (snd_dma_alloc_pages(SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, &pci->dev,
+				1024, &chip->buffer) < 0) {
+		snd_ca0106_free(chip);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	pci_set_master(pci);
+	/* read serial */
+	pci_read_config_dword(pci, PCI_SUBSYSTEM_VENDOR_ID, &chip->serial);
+	pci_read_config_word(pci, PCI_SUBSYSTEM_ID, &chip->model);
+	dev_info(card->dev, "Model %04x Rev %08x Serial %08x\n",
+	       chip->model, pci->revision, chip->serial);
+	strcpy(card->driver, "CA0106");
+	strcpy(card->shortname, "CA0106");
+
+	for (c = ca0106_chip_details; c->serial; c++) {
+		if (subsystem[dev]) {
+			if (c->serial == subsystem[dev])
+				break;
+		} else if (c->serial == chip->serial)
+			break;
+	}
+	chip->details = c;
+	if (subsystem[dev]) {
+		dev_info(card->dev, "Sound card name=%s, "
+		       "subsystem=0x%x. Forced to subsystem=0x%x\n",
+		       c->name, chip->serial, subsystem[dev]);
+	}
+
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx irq %i",
+		c->name, chip->port, chip->irq);
+
+	ca0106_init_chip(chip, 0);
+
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_ca0106_free(chip);
+		return err;
+	}
+	*rchip = chip;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static void ca0106_midi_interrupt_enable(struct snd_ca_midi *midi, int intr)
+{
+	snd_ca0106_intr_enable((struct snd_ca0106 *)(midi->dev_id), intr);
+}
+
+static void ca0106_midi_interrupt_disable(struct snd_ca_midi *midi, int intr)
+{
+	snd_ca0106_intr_disable((struct snd_ca0106 *)(midi->dev_id), intr);
+}
+
+static unsigned char ca0106_midi_read(struct snd_ca_midi *midi, int idx)
+{
+	return (unsigned char)snd_ca0106_ptr_read((struct snd_ca0106 *)(midi->dev_id),
+						  midi->port + idx, 0);
+}
+
+static void ca0106_midi_write(struct snd_ca_midi *midi, int data, int idx)
+{
+	snd_ca0106_ptr_write((struct snd_ca0106 *)(midi->dev_id), midi->port + idx, 0, data);
+}
+
+static struct snd_card *ca0106_dev_id_card(void *dev_id)
+{
+	return ((struct snd_ca0106 *)dev_id)->card;
+}
+
+static int ca0106_dev_id_port(void *dev_id)
+{
+	return ((struct snd_ca0106 *)dev_id)->port;
+}
+
+static int snd_ca0106_midi(struct snd_ca0106 *chip, unsigned int channel)
+{
+	struct snd_ca_midi *midi;
+	char *name;
+	int err;
+
+	if (channel == CA0106_MIDI_CHAN_B) {
+		name = "CA0106 MPU-401 (UART) B";
+		midi =  &chip->midi2;
+		midi->tx_enable = INTE_MIDI_TX_B;
+		midi->rx_enable = INTE_MIDI_RX_B;
+		midi->ipr_tx = IPR_MIDI_TX_B;
+		midi->ipr_rx = IPR_MIDI_RX_B;
+		midi->port = MIDI_UART_B_DATA;
+	} else {
+		name = "CA0106 MPU-401 (UART)";
+		midi =  &chip->midi;
+		midi->tx_enable = INTE_MIDI_TX_A;
+		midi->rx_enable = INTE_MIDI_TX_B;
+		midi->ipr_tx = IPR_MIDI_TX_A;
+		midi->ipr_rx = IPR_MIDI_RX_A;
+		midi->port = MIDI_UART_A_DATA;
+	}
+
+	midi->reset = CA0106_MPU401_RESET;
+	midi->enter_uart = CA0106_MPU401_ENTER_UART;
+	midi->ack = CA0106_MPU401_ACK;
+
+	midi->input_avail = CA0106_MIDI_INPUT_AVAIL;
+	midi->output_ready = CA0106_MIDI_OUTPUT_READY;
+
+	midi->channel = channel;
+
+	midi->interrupt_enable = ca0106_midi_interrupt_enable;
+	midi->interrupt_disable = ca0106_midi_interrupt_disable;
+
+	midi->read = ca0106_midi_read;
+	midi->write = ca0106_midi_write;
+
+	midi->get_dev_id_card = ca0106_dev_id_card;
+	midi->get_dev_id_port = ca0106_dev_id_port;
+
+	midi->dev_id = chip;
+	
+	if ((err = ca_midi_init(chip, midi, 0, name)) < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int snd_ca0106_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+					const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_ca0106 *chip;
+	int i, err;
+
+	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	if (!enable[dev]) {
+		dev++;
+		return -ENOENT;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_card_new(&pci->dev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+			   0, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_ca0106_create(dev, card, pci, &chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+	card->private_data = chip;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+		err = snd_ca0106_pcm(chip, i);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto error;
+	}
+
+	if (chip->details->ac97 == 1) {
+		/* The SB0410 and SB0413 do not have an AC97 chip. */
+		err = snd_ca0106_ac97(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto error;
+	}
+	err = snd_ca0106_mixer(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	dev_dbg(card->dev, "probe for MIDI channel A ...");
+	err = snd_ca0106_midi(chip, CA0106_MIDI_CHAN_A);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+	dev_dbg(card->dev, " done.\n");
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_PROC_FS
+	snd_ca0106_proc_init(chip);
+#endif
+
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
+	dev++;
+	return 0;
+
+ error:
+	snd_card_free(card);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void snd_ca0106_remove(struct pci_dev *pci)
+{
+	snd_card_free(pci_get_drvdata(pci));
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
+static int snd_ca0106_suspend(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct snd_ca0106 *chip = card->private_data;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	if (chip->details->ac97)
+		snd_ac97_suspend(chip->ac97);
+	snd_ca0106_mixer_suspend(chip);
+
+	ca0106_stop_chip(chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ca0106_resume(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct snd_ca0106 *chip = card->private_data;
+	int i;
+
+	ca0106_init_chip(chip, 1);
+
+	if (chip->details->ac97)
+		snd_ac97_resume(chip->ac97);
+	snd_ca0106_mixer_resume(chip);
+	if (chip->details->spi_dac) {
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(chip->spi_dac_reg); i++)
+			snd_ca0106_spi_write(chip, chip->spi_dac_reg[i]);
+	}
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS(snd_ca0106_pm, snd_ca0106_suspend, snd_ca0106_resume);
+#define SND_CA0106_PM_OPS	&snd_ca0106_pm
+#else
+#define SND_CA0106_PM_OPS	NULL
+#endif
+
+// PCI IDs
+static const struct pci_device_id snd_ca0106_ids[] = {
+	{ PCI_VDEVICE(CREATIVE, 0x0007), 0 },	/* Audigy LS or Live 24bit */
+	{ 0, }
+};
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pci, snd_ca0106_ids);
+
+// pci_driver definition
+static struct pci_driver ca0106_driver = {
+	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
+	.id_table = snd_ca0106_ids,
+	.probe = snd_ca0106_probe,
+	.remove = snd_ca0106_remove,
+	.driver = {
+		.pm = SND_CA0106_PM_OPS,
+	},
+};
+
+module_pci_driver(ca0106_driver);