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|
/*
* sandbox.c: Process sandboxing
*
* Copyright (C) 2017 Colin Watson.
*
* This file is part of man-db.
*
* man-db is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* man-db is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with man-db; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
*
* Some of the syscall lists in this file come from systemd, whose
* copyright/licensing statement is as follows. Per LGPLv2.1 s. 3, I have
* altered the original references to LGPLv2.1 to refer to GPLv2 instead.
*
* Copyright 2014 Lennart Poettering
*
* systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with systemd; If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
# include "config.h"
#endif /* HAVE_CONFIG_H */
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#ifdef HAVE_LIBSECCOMP
# include <sys/ioctl.h>
# include <sys/ipc.h>
# include <sys/mman.h>
# include <sys/prctl.h>
# include <sys/shm.h>
# include <sys/socket.h>
# include <termios.h>
# include <seccomp.h>
#endif /* HAVE_LIBSECCOMP */
#include "manconfig.h"
#include "error.h"
#include "sandbox.h"
struct man_sandbox {
#ifdef HAVE_LIBSECCOMP
scmp_filter_ctx ctx;
scmp_filter_ctx permissive_ctx;
#else /* !HAVE_LIBSECCOMP */
char dummy;
#endif /* HAVE_LIBSECCOMP */
};
#ifdef HAVE_LIBSECCOMP
static int seccomp_filter_unavailable = 0;
static void gripe_seccomp_filter_unavailable (void)
{
debug ("seccomp filtering requires a kernel configured with "
"CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER\n");
}
static bool search_ld_preload (const char *needle)
{
const char *ld_preload_env;
static char *ld_preload_file = NULL;
ld_preload_env = getenv ("LD_PRELOAD");
if (ld_preload_env && strstr (ld_preload_env, needle) != NULL)
return true;
if (!ld_preload_file) {
int fd;
struct stat st;
char *mapped = NULL;
fd = open ("/etc/ld.so.preload", O_RDONLY);
if (fd >= 0 && fstat (fd, &st) >= 0 && st.st_size)
mapped = mmap (NULL, st.st_size, PROT_READ,
MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_FILE, fd, 0);
if (mapped) {
ld_preload_file = xstrndup (mapped, st.st_size);
munmap (mapped, st.st_size);
} else
ld_preload_file = xstrdup ("");
if (fd >= 0)
close (fd);
}
/* This isn't very accurate: /etc/ld.so.preload may contain
* comments. On the other hand, glibc says "it should only be used
* for emergencies and testing". File a bug if this is a problem
* for you.
*/
if (strstr (ld_preload_file, needle) != NULL)
return true;
return false;
}
/* Can we load a seccomp filter into this process?
*
* This guard allows us to call sandbox_load in code paths that may
* conditionally do so again.
*/
static bool can_load_seccomp (void)
{
const char *man_disable_seccomp;
int seccomp_status;
if (seccomp_filter_unavailable) {
gripe_seccomp_filter_unavailable ();
return false;
}
man_disable_seccomp = getenv ("MAN_DISABLE_SECCOMP");
if (man_disable_seccomp && *man_disable_seccomp) {
debug ("seccomp filter disabled by user request\n");
return false;
}
/* Valgrind causes the child process to make some system calls we
* don't want to allow in general, so disable seccomp when running
* on Valgrind.
*
* The correct approach seems to be to either require valgrind.h at
* build-time or copy valgrind.h into this project and then use the
* RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND macro, but I'd really rather not add a
* build-dependency for this or take a copy of a >6000-line header
* file. Since the goal of this is only to disable the seccomp
* filter under Valgrind, this will do for now.
*/
if (search_ld_preload ("/vgpreload")) {
debug ("seccomp filter disabled while running under "
"Valgrind\n");
return false;
}
seccomp_status = prctl (PR_GET_SECCOMP);
if (seccomp_status == 0)
return true;
if (seccomp_status == -1) {
if (errno == EINVAL)
debug ("running kernel does not support seccomp\n");
else
debug ("unknown error getting seccomp status: %s\n",
strerror (errno));
} else if (seccomp_status == 2)
debug ("seccomp already enabled\n");
else
debug ("unknown return value from PR_GET_SECCOMP: %d\n",
seccomp_status);
return false;
}
#endif /* HAVE_LIBSECCOMP */
#ifdef HAVE_LIBSECCOMP
#define SC_ALLOW(name) \
do { \
int nr = seccomp_syscall_resolve_name (name); \
if (nr == __NR_SCMP_ERROR) \
break; \
if (seccomp_rule_add (ctx, SCMP_ACT_ALLOW, nr, 0) < 0) \
error (FATAL, errno, "can't add seccomp rule"); \
} while (0)
#define SC_ALLOW_ARG_1(name, cmp1) \
do { \
int nr = seccomp_syscall_resolve_name (name); \
if (nr == __NR_SCMP_ERROR) \
break; \
if (seccomp_rule_add (ctx, SCMP_ACT_ALLOW, nr, 1, cmp1) < 0) \
error (FATAL, errno, "can't add seccomp rule"); \
} while (0)
#define SC_ALLOW_ARG_2(name, cmp1, cmp2) \
do { \
int nr = seccomp_syscall_resolve_name (name); \
if (nr == __NR_SCMP_ERROR) \
break; \
if (seccomp_rule_add (ctx, SCMP_ACT_ALLOW, nr, \
2, cmp1, cmp2) < 0) \
error (FATAL, errno, "can't add seccomp rule"); \
} while (0)
/* Create a seccomp filter.
*
* If permissive is true, then the returned filter will allow limited file
* creation (although not making executable files). This obviously
* constitutes less effective confinement, but it's necessary for some
* subprocesses (such as groff) that need the ability to write to temporary
* files. Confining these further requires additional tools that can do
* path-based filtering or similar, such as AppArmor.
*/
static scmp_filter_ctx make_seccomp_filter (int permissive)
{
scmp_filter_ctx ctx;
mode_t mode_mask = S_ISUID | S_ISGID | S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH;
int create_mask = O_CREAT
#ifdef O_TMPFILE
| O_TMPFILE
#endif /* O_TMPFILE */
;
debug ("initialising seccomp filter (permissive: %d)\n", permissive);
ctx = seccomp_init (SCMP_ACT_ERRNO (ENOSYS));
if (!ctx)
error (FATAL, errno, "can't initialise seccomp filter");
/* Allow sibling architectures for x86, since people sometimes mix
* and match architectures there for performance reasons.
*/
switch (seccomp_arch_native ()) {
case SCMP_ARCH_X86:
seccomp_arch_add (ctx, SCMP_ARCH_X86_64);
seccomp_arch_add (ctx, SCMP_ARCH_X32);
break;
case SCMP_ARCH_X86_64:
seccomp_arch_add (ctx, SCMP_ARCH_X86);
seccomp_arch_add (ctx, SCMP_ARCH_X32);
break;
case SCMP_ARCH_X32:
seccomp_arch_add (ctx, SCMP_ARCH_X86);
seccomp_arch_add (ctx, SCMP_ARCH_X86_64);
break;
}
/* This sandbox is intended to allow operations that might
* reasonably be needed in simple data-transforming pipes: it should
* allow the process to do most reasonable things to itself, to read
* and write data from and to already-open file descriptors, to open
* files in read-only mode, and to fork new processes with the same
* restrictions. (If permissive is true, then it should also allow
* limited file creation; see the header comment above.)
*
* Since I currently know of no library with suitable syscall lists,
* the syscall lists here are taken from
* systemd:src/shared/seccomp-util.c, last updated from commit
* bca5a0eaccc849a669b4279e4bfcc6507083a07b (2019-08-01).
*/
/* systemd: SystemCallFilter=@default */
SC_ALLOW ("clock_getres");
SC_ALLOW ("clock_gettime");
SC_ALLOW ("clock_gettime64");
SC_ALLOW ("clock_nanosleep");
SC_ALLOW ("execve");
SC_ALLOW ("exit");
SC_ALLOW ("exit_group");
SC_ALLOW ("futex");
SC_ALLOW ("get_robust_list");
SC_ALLOW ("get_thread_area");
SC_ALLOW ("getegid");
SC_ALLOW ("getegid32");
SC_ALLOW ("geteuid");
SC_ALLOW ("geteuid32");
SC_ALLOW ("getgid");
SC_ALLOW ("getgid32");
SC_ALLOW ("getgroups");
SC_ALLOW ("getgroups32");
SC_ALLOW ("getpgid");
SC_ALLOW ("getpgrp");
SC_ALLOW ("getpid");
SC_ALLOW ("getppid");
SC_ALLOW ("getresgid");
SC_ALLOW ("getresgid32");
SC_ALLOW ("getresuid");
SC_ALLOW ("getresuid32");
SC_ALLOW ("getrlimit");
SC_ALLOW ("getsid");
SC_ALLOW ("gettid");
SC_ALLOW ("gettimeofday");
SC_ALLOW ("getuid");
SC_ALLOW ("getuid32");
SC_ALLOW ("membarrier");
SC_ALLOW ("nanosleep");
SC_ALLOW ("pause");
SC_ALLOW ("prlimit64");
SC_ALLOW ("restart_syscall");
SC_ALLOW ("rseq");
SC_ALLOW ("rt_sigreturn");
SC_ALLOW ("sched_yield");
SC_ALLOW ("set_robust_list");
SC_ALLOW ("set_thread_area");
SC_ALLOW ("set_tid_address");
SC_ALLOW ("set_tls");
SC_ALLOW ("sigreturn");
SC_ALLOW ("time");
SC_ALLOW ("ugetrlimit");
/* systemd: SystemCallFilter=@basic-io */
SC_ALLOW ("_llseek");
SC_ALLOW ("close");
SC_ALLOW ("dup");
SC_ALLOW ("dup2");
SC_ALLOW ("dup3");
SC_ALLOW ("lseek");
SC_ALLOW ("pread64");
SC_ALLOW ("preadv");
SC_ALLOW ("preadv2");
SC_ALLOW ("pwrite64");
SC_ALLOW ("pwritev");
SC_ALLOW ("pwritev2");
SC_ALLOW ("read");
SC_ALLOW ("readv");
SC_ALLOW ("write");
SC_ALLOW ("writev");
/* systemd: SystemCallFilter=@file-system (subset) */
SC_ALLOW ("access");
SC_ALLOW ("chdir");
if (permissive) {
SC_ALLOW_ARG_1 ("chmod",
SCMP_A1 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, mode_mask, 0));
SC_ALLOW_ARG_1 ("creat",
SCMP_A1 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, mode_mask, 0));
}
SC_ALLOW ("faccessat");
SC_ALLOW ("fallocate");
SC_ALLOW ("fchdir");
if (permissive) {
SC_ALLOW_ARG_1 ("fchmod",
SCMP_A1 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, mode_mask, 0));
SC_ALLOW_ARG_1 ("fchmodat",
SCMP_A2 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, mode_mask, 0));
}
SC_ALLOW ("fcntl");
SC_ALLOW ("fcntl64");
SC_ALLOW ("fstat");
SC_ALLOW ("fstat64");
SC_ALLOW ("fstatat64");
SC_ALLOW ("fstatfs");
SC_ALLOW ("fstatfs64");
SC_ALLOW ("ftruncate");
SC_ALLOW ("ftruncate64");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("futimesat");
SC_ALLOW ("getcwd");
SC_ALLOW ("getdents");
SC_ALLOW ("getdents64");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("link");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("linkat");
SC_ALLOW ("lstat");
SC_ALLOW ("lstat64");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("mkdir");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("mkdirat");
SC_ALLOW ("mmap");
SC_ALLOW ("mmap2");
SC_ALLOW ("munmap");
SC_ALLOW ("newfstatat");
SC_ALLOW ("oldfstat");
SC_ALLOW ("oldlstat");
SC_ALLOW ("oldstat");
if (permissive) {
SC_ALLOW_ARG_2 ("open",
SCMP_A1 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, O_CREAT, O_CREAT),
SCMP_A2 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, mode_mask, 0));
SC_ALLOW_ARG_2 ("openat",
SCMP_A2 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, O_CREAT, O_CREAT),
SCMP_A3 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, mode_mask, 0));
#ifdef O_TMPFILE
SC_ALLOW_ARG_2 ("open",
SCMP_A1 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ,
O_TMPFILE, O_TMPFILE),
SCMP_A2 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, mode_mask, 0));
SC_ALLOW_ARG_2 ("openat",
SCMP_A2 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ,
O_TMPFILE, O_TMPFILE),
SCMP_A3 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, mode_mask, 0));
#endif /* O_TMPFILE */
SC_ALLOW_ARG_1 ("open",
SCMP_A1 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, create_mask, 0));
SC_ALLOW_ARG_1 ("openat",
SCMP_A2 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, create_mask, 0));
} else {
SC_ALLOW_ARG_1 ("open",
SCMP_A1 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, O_ACCMODE,
O_RDONLY));
SC_ALLOW_ARG_1 ("openat",
SCMP_A2 (SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ, O_ACCMODE,
O_RDONLY));
}
SC_ALLOW ("readlink");
SC_ALLOW ("readlinkat");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("rename");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("renameat");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("renameat2");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("rmdir");
SC_ALLOW ("stat");
SC_ALLOW ("stat64");
SC_ALLOW ("statfs");
SC_ALLOW ("statfs64");
SC_ALLOW ("statx");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("symlink");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("symlinkat");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("truncate");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("truncateat");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("unlink");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("unlinkat");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("utime");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("utimensat");
if (permissive) SC_ALLOW ("utimes");
/* systemd: SystemCallFilter=@io-event */
SC_ALLOW ("_newselect");
SC_ALLOW ("epoll_create");
SC_ALLOW ("epoll_create1");
SC_ALLOW ("epoll_ctl");
SC_ALLOW ("epoll_ctl_old");
SC_ALLOW ("epoll_pwait");
SC_ALLOW ("epoll_wait");
SC_ALLOW ("epoll_wait_old");
SC_ALLOW ("eventfd");
SC_ALLOW ("eventfd2");
SC_ALLOW ("poll");
SC_ALLOW ("ppoll");
SC_ALLOW ("pselect6");
SC_ALLOW ("select");
/* systemd: SystemCallFilter=@ipc (subset) */
SC_ALLOW ("pipe");
SC_ALLOW ("pipe2");
/* systemd: SystemCallFilter=@process (subset) */
SC_ALLOW ("arch_prctl");
SC_ALLOW ("capget");
SC_ALLOW ("clone");
SC_ALLOW ("execveat");
SC_ALLOW ("fork");
SC_ALLOW ("getrusage");
SC_ALLOW ("prctl");
SC_ALLOW ("vfork");
SC_ALLOW ("wait4");
SC_ALLOW ("waitid");
SC_ALLOW ("waitpid");
/* systemd: SystemCallFilter=@signal */
SC_ALLOW ("rt_sigaction");
SC_ALLOW ("rt_sigpending");
SC_ALLOW ("rt_sigprocmask");
SC_ALLOW ("rt_sigsuspend");
SC_ALLOW ("rt_sigtimedwait");
SC_ALLOW ("sigaction");
SC_ALLOW ("sigaltstack");
SC_ALLOW ("signal");
SC_ALLOW ("signalfd");
SC_ALLOW ("signalfd4");
SC_ALLOW ("sigpending");
SC_ALLOW ("sigprocmask");
SC_ALLOW ("sigsuspend");
/* systemd: SystemCallFilter=@sync */
SC_ALLOW ("fdatasync");
SC_ALLOW ("fsync");
SC_ALLOW ("msync");
SC_ALLOW ("sync");
SC_ALLOW ("sync_file_range");
SC_ALLOW ("syncfs");
/* systemd: SystemCallFilter=@system-service (subset) */
SC_ALLOW ("brk");
SC_ALLOW ("fadvise64");
SC_ALLOW ("fadvise64_64");
SC_ALLOW ("getrandom");
if (permissive)
SC_ALLOW ("ioctl");
else {
SC_ALLOW_ARG_1 ("ioctl", SCMP_A1 (SCMP_CMP_EQ, TCGETS));
SC_ALLOW_ARG_1 ("ioctl", SCMP_A1 (SCMP_CMP_EQ, TIOCGWINSZ));
}
SC_ALLOW ("madvise");
SC_ALLOW ("mprotect");
SC_ALLOW ("mremap");
SC_ALLOW ("sched_getaffinity");
SC_ALLOW ("sysinfo");
SC_ALLOW ("uname");
/* Extra syscalls not in any of systemd's sets. */
SC_ALLOW ("arm_fadvise64_64");
SC_ALLOW ("arm_sync_file_range");
SC_ALLOW ("sync_file_range2");
/* Allow killing processes and threads. This is unfortunate but
* unavoidable: groff uses kill to explicitly pass on SIGPIPE to its
* child processes, and we can't do any more sophisticated filtering
* in seccomp.
*/
SC_ALLOW ("kill");
SC_ALLOW ("tgkill");
/* Allow some relatively harmless System V shared memory operations.
* These seem to be popular among the sort of program that wants to
* install itself in /etc/ld.so.preload or similar (e.g. antivirus
* programs and VPNs).
*/
SC_ALLOW_ARG_1 ("shmat", SCMP_A2 (SCMP_CMP_EQ, SHM_RDONLY));
SC_ALLOW_ARG_1 ("shmctl", SCMP_A1 (SCMP_CMP_EQ, IPC_STAT));
SC_ALLOW ("shmdt");
SC_ALLOW ("shmget");
/* Some antivirus programs use an LD_PRELOAD wrapper that wants to
* talk to a private daemon using a Unix-domain socket. We really
* don't want to allow these syscalls in general, but if such a
* thing is in use we probably have no choice.
*
* snoopy is an execve monitoring tool that may log messages to
* /dev/log.
*/
if (search_ld_preload ("libesets_pac.so") ||
search_ld_preload ("libscep_pac.so") ||
search_ld_preload ("libsnoopy.so")) {
SC_ALLOW ("connect");
SC_ALLOW ("recvmsg");
SC_ALLOW ("sendmsg");
SC_ALLOW ("sendto");
SC_ALLOW ("setsockopt");
SC_ALLOW_ARG_1 ("socket", SCMP_A0 (SCMP_CMP_EQ, AF_UNIX));
}
/* ESET sends messages to a System V message queue. */
if (search_ld_preload ("libesets_pac.so") ||
search_ld_preload ("libscep_pac.so")) {
SC_ALLOW_ARG_1 ("msgget", SCMP_A1 (SCMP_CMP_EQ, 0));
SC_ALLOW ("msgsnd");
}
return ctx;
}
#undef SC_ALLOW_ARG_2
#undef SC_ALLOW_ARG_1
#undef SC_ALLOW
#endif /* HAVE_LIBSECCOMP */
/* Create a sandbox for processing untrusted data.
*
* This only sets up data structures; the caller must call sandbox_load to
* actually enter the sandbox.
*/
man_sandbox *sandbox_init (void)
{
man_sandbox *sandbox = XZALLOC (man_sandbox);
#ifdef HAVE_LIBSECCOMP
sandbox->ctx = make_seccomp_filter (0);
sandbox->permissive_ctx = make_seccomp_filter (1);
#else /* !HAVE_LIBSECCOMP */
sandbox->dummy = 0;
#endif /* HAVE_LIBSECCOMP */
return sandbox;
}
#ifdef HAVE_LIBSECCOMP
static void _sandbox_load (man_sandbox *sandbox, int permissive) {
if (can_load_seccomp ()) {
scmp_filter_ctx ctx;
debug ("loading seccomp filter (permissive: %d)\n",
permissive);
if (permissive)
ctx = sandbox->permissive_ctx;
else
ctx = sandbox->ctx;
if (seccomp_load (ctx) < 0) {
if (errno == EINVAL || errno == EFAULT) {
/* The kernel doesn't give us particularly
* fine-grained errors. EINVAL could in
* theory be an invalid BPF program, but
* it's much more likely that the running
* kernel doesn't support seccomp filtering.
* EFAULT normally means a programming
* error, but it could also be returned here
* by some versions of qemu-user
* (https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1726394).
*/
gripe_seccomp_filter_unavailable ();
/* Don't try this again. */
seccomp_filter_unavailable = 1;
} else
error (FATAL, errno,
"can't load seccomp filter");
}
}
}
#else /* !HAVE_LIBSECCOMP */
static void _sandbox_load (man_sandbox *sandbox _GL_UNUSED,
int permissive _GL_UNUSED)
{
}
#endif /* HAVE_LIBSECCOMP */
/* Enter a sandbox for processing untrusted data. */
void sandbox_load (void *data)
{
man_sandbox *sandbox = data;
_sandbox_load (sandbox, 0);
}
/* Enter a sandbox for processing untrusted data, allowing limited file
* creation.
*/
void sandbox_load_permissive (void *data)
{
man_sandbox *sandbox = data;
_sandbox_load (sandbox, 1);
}
/* Free a sandbox for processing untrusted data. */
void sandbox_free (void *data) {
man_sandbox *sandbox = data;
#ifdef HAVE_LIBSECCOMP
seccomp_release (sandbox->ctx);
seccomp_release (sandbox->permissive_ctx);
#endif /* HAVE_LIBSECCOMP */
free (sandbox);
}
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