Adding upstream version 3.5.24.upstream/3.5.24upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 264 insertions, 0 deletions

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+PPoossttffiixx IIPPvv66 SSuuppppoorrtt
+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn
+
+Postfix 2.2 introduces support for the IPv6 (IP version 6) protocol. IPv6
+support for older Postfix versions was available as an add-on patch. The
+section "Compatibility with Postfix <2.2 IPv6 support" below discusses the
+differences between these implementations.
+
+The main feature of interest is that IPv6 uses 128-bit IP addresses instead of
+the 32-bit addresses used by IPv4. It can therefore accommodate a much larger
+number of hosts and networks without ugly kluges such as NAT. A side benefit of
+the much larger address space is that it makes random network scanning
+impractical.
+
+Postfix uses the same SMTP protocol over IPv6 as it already uses over the older
+IPv4 network, and does AAAA record lookups in the DNS in addition to the older
+A records. Information about IPv6 can be found at http://www.ipv6.org/.
+
+This document provides information on the following topics:
+
+  * Supported platforms
+  * Configuration
+  * Known limitations
+  * Compatibility with Postfix <2.2 IPv6 support
+  * IPv6 Support for unsupported platforms
+  * Credits
+
+SSuuppppoorrtteedd PPllaattffoorrmmss
+
+Postfix version 2.2 supports IPv4 and IPv6 on the following platforms:
+
+  * AIX 5.1+
+  * Darwin 7.3+
+  * FreeBSD 4+
+  * Linux 2.4+
+  * NetBSD 1.5+
+  * OpenBSD 2+
+  * Solaris 8+
+  * Tru64Unix V5.1+
+
+On other platforms Postfix will simply use IPv4 as it has always done.
+
+See below for tips how to port Postfix IPv6 support to other environments.
+
+CCoonnffiigguurraattiioonn
+
+Postfix IPv6 support introduces two new main.cf configuration parameters, and
+introduces an important change in address syntax notation in match lists such
+as mynetworks or debug_peer_list.
+
+Postfix IPv6 address syntax is a little tricky, because there are a few places
+where you must enclose an IPv6 address inside "[]" characters, and a few places
+where you must not. It is a good idea to use "[]" only in the few places where
+you have to. Check out the postconf(5) manual whenever you do IPv6 related
+configuration work with Postfix.
+
+  * Instead of hard-coding 127.0.0.1 and ::1 loopback addresses in master.cf,
+    specify "inet_interfaces = loopback-only" in main.cf. This way you can use
+    the same master.cf file regardless of whether or not Postfix will run on an
+    IPv6-enabled system.
+
+  * The first new parameter is called inet_protocols. This specifies what
+    protocols Postfix will use when it makes or accepts network connections,
+    and also controls what DNS lookups Postfix will use when it makes network
+    connections.
+
+        /etc/postfix/main.cf:
+            # You must stop/start Postfix after changing this parameter.
+            inet_protocols = ipv4       (DEFAULT: enable IPv4 only)
+            inet_protocols = all        (enable IPv4, and IPv6 if supported)
+            inet_protocols = ipv4, ipv6 (enable both IPv4 and IPv6)
+            inet_protocols = ipv6       (enable IPv6 only)
+
+    By default, Postfix uses IPv4 only, because most systems aren't attached to
+    an IPv6 network.
+
+      o On systems with combined IPv4/IPv6 stacks, attempts to deliver mail via
+        IPv6 would always fail with "network unreachable", and those attempts
+        would only slow down Postfix.
+
+      o Linux kernels don't even load IPv6 protocol support by default. Any
+        attempt to use it would fail immediately.
+
+    Note 1: you must stop and start Postfix after changing the inet_protocols
+    configuration parameter.
+
+    Note 2: if you see error messages like the following, then you're running
+    Linux and need to turn on IPv6 in the kernel: see http://www.ipv6.org/ for
+    hints and tips. Unlike other systems, Linux does not have a combined stack
+    for IPv4 and IPv6, and IPv6 protocol support is not loaded by default.
+
+        postconf: warning: inet_protocols: IPv6 support is disabled: Address
+        family not supported by protocol
+        postconf: warning: inet_protocols: configuring for IPv4 support only
+
+    Note 3: on older Linux and Solaris systems, the setting "inet_protocols =
+    ipv6" will not prevent Postfix from accepting IPv4 connections. Postfix
+    will present the client IP addresses in IPv6 format, though. In all other
+    cases, Postfix always presents IPv4 client IP addresses in the traditional
+    dotted quad IPv4 format.
+
+  * The other new parameter is smtp_bind_address6. This sets the local
+    interface address for outgoing IPv6 SMTP connections, just like the
+    smtp_bind_address parameter does for IPv4:
+
+        /etc/postfix/main.cf:
+            smtp_bind_address6 = 2001:240:587:0:250:56ff:fe89:1
+
+  * If you left the value of the mynetworks parameter at its default (i.e. no
+    mynetworks setting in main.cf) Postfix will figure out by itself what its
+    network addresses are. This is what a typical setting looks like:
+
+        % postconf mynetworks
+        mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 168.100.189.0/28 [::1]/128 [fe80::]/10 [2001:
+        240:587::]/64
+
+    If you did specify the mynetworks parameter value in main.cf, you need
+    update the mynetworks value to include the IPv6 networks the system is in.
+    Be sure to specify IPv6 address information inside "[]", like this:
+
+        /etc/postfix/main.cf:
+            mynetworks = ...IPv4 networks... [::1]/128 [2001:240:587::]/64 ...
+
+NNOOTTEE:: wwhheenn ccoonnffiigguurriinngg PPoossttffiixx mmaattcchh lliissttss ssuucchh aass mmyynneettwwoorrkkss oorr
+ddeebbuugg__ppeeeerr__lliisstt,, yyoouu mmuusstt ssppeecciiffyy IIPPvv66 aaddddrreessss iinnffoorrmmaattiioonn iinnssiiddee ""[[]]"" iinn tthhee
+mmaaiinn..ccff ppaarraammeetteerr vvaalluuee aanndd iinn ffiilleess ssppeecciiffiieedd wwiitthh aa ""//ffiillee//nnaammee"" ppaatttteerrnn..
+IIPPvv66 aaddddrreesssseess ccoonnttaaiinn tthhee ""::"" cchhaarraacctteerr,, aanndd wwoouulldd ootthheerrwwiissee bbee ccoonnffuusseedd wwiitthh
+aa ""ttyyppee::ttaabbllee"" ppaatttteerrnn..
+
+KKnnoowwnn LLiimmiittaattiioonnss
+
+  * Postfix SMTP clients before version 2.8 try to connect over IPv6 before
+    trying IPv4. With more recent Postfix versions, the order of IPv6 versus
+    IPv4 outgoing connection attempts is configurable with the
+    smtp_address_preference parameter.
+
+  * Postfix versions before 2.6 do not support DNSBL (real-time blackhole list)
+    lookups for IPv6 client IP addresses.
+
+  * IPv6 does not have class A, B, C, etc. networks. With IPv6 networks, the
+    setting "mynetworks_style = class" has the same effect as the setting
+    "mynetworks_style = subnet".
+
+  * On Tru64Unix and AIX, Postfix can't figure out the local subnet mask and
+    always assumes a /128 network. This is a problem only with
+    "mynetworks_style = subnet" and no explicit mynetworks setting in main.cf.
+
+CCoommppaattiibbiilliittyy wwiitthh PPoossttffiixx <<22..22 IIPPvv66 ssuuppppoorrtt
+
+Postfix version 2.2 IPv6 support is based on the Postfix/IPv6 patch by Dean
+Strik and others, but differs in a few minor ways.
+
+  * main.cf: The inet_interfaces parameter does not support the notation "ipv6:
+    all" or "ipv4:all". Use the inet_protocols parameter instead.
+
+  * main.cf: Specify "inet_protocols = all" or "inet_protocols = ipv4, ipv6" in
+    order to enable both IPv4 and IPv6 support.
+
+  * main.cf: The inet_protocols parameter also controls what DNS lookups
+    Postfix will attempt to make when delivering or receiving mail.
+
+  * main.cf: Specify "inet_interfaces = loopback-only" to listen on loopback
+    network interfaces only.
+
+  * The lmtp_bind_address and lmtp_bind_address6 features were omitted. The
+    Postfix LMTP client will be absorbed into the SMTP client, so there is no
+    reason to keep adding features to the LMTP client.
+
+  * The SMTP server now requires that IPv6 addresses in SMTP commands are
+    specified as [ipv6:ipv6address], as described in RFC 2821.
+
+  * The IPv6 network address matching code was rewritten from the ground up,
+    and is expected to be closer to the specification. The result may be
+    incompatible with the Postfix/IPv6 patch.
+
+IIPPvv66 SSuuppppoorrtt ffoorr uunnssuuppppoorrtteedd ppllaattffoorrmmss
+
+Getting Postfix IPv6 working on other platforms involves the following steps:
+
+  * Specify how Postfix should find the local network interfaces. Postfix needs
+    this information to avoid mailer loops and to find out if mail for user@
+    [ipaddress] is a local or remote destination.
+
+    If your system has the getifaddrs() routine then add the following to your
+    platform-specific section in src/util/sys_defs.h:
+
+        #ifndef NO_IPV6
+        # define HAS_IPV6
+        # define HAVE_GETIFADDRS
+        #endif
+
+    Otherwise, if your system has the SIOCGLIF ioctl() command in /usr/include/
+    */*.h, add the following to your platform-specific section in src/util/
+    sys_defs.h:
+
+        #ifndef NO_IPV6
+        # define HAS_IPV6
+        # define HAS_SIOCGLIF
+        #endif
+
+    Otherwise, Postfix will have to use the old SIOCGIF commands and get along
+    with reduced IPv6 functionality (it won't be able to figure out your IPv6
+    netmasks, which are needed for "mynetworks_style = subnet". Add this to
+    your platform-specific section in src/util/sys_defs.h:
+
+        #ifndef NO_IPV6
+        # define HAS_IPV6
+        #endif
+
+  * Test if Postfix can figure out its interface information.
+
+    After compiling Postfix in the usual manner, step into the src/util
+    directory and type "mmaakkee iinneett__aaddddrr__llooccaall". Running this file by hand should
+    produce all the interface addresses and network masks, for example:
+
+        % make
+        % cd src/util
+        % make inet_addr_local
+        [... some messages ...]
+        % ./inet_addr_local
+        [... some messages ...]
+        ./inet_addr_local: inet_addr_local: configured 2 IPv4 addresses
+        ./inet_addr_local: inet_addr_local: configured 4 IPv6 addresses
+        168.100.189.2/255.255.255.224
+        127.0.0.1/255.0.0.0
+        fe80:1::2d0:b7ff:fe88:2ca7/ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::
+        2001:240:587:0:2d0:b7ff:fe88:2ca7/ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::
+        fe80:5::1/ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::
+        ::1/ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff
+
+    The above is for an old FreeBSD machine. Other systems produce slightly
+    different results, but you get the idea.
+
+If none of all this produces a usable result, send email to the postfix-
+users@postfix.org mailing list and we'll try to help you through this.
+
+CCrreeddiittss
+
+The following information is in part based on information that was compiled by
+Dean Strik.
+
+  * Mark Huizer wrote the original Postfix IPv6 patch.
+
+  * Jun-ichiro 'itojun' Hagino of the KAME project made substantial
+    improvements. Since then, we speak of the KAME patch.
+
+  * The PLD Linux Distribution ported the code to other stacks (notably USAGI).
+    We speak of the PLD patch. A very important feature of the PLD patch was
+    that it can work with Lutz Jaenicke's TLS patch for Postfix.
+
+  * Dean Strik extended IPv6 support to platforms other than KAME and USAGI,
+    updated the patch to keep up with Postfix development, and provided a
+    combined IPv6 + TLS patch. Information about his effort can be found on
+    Dean Strik's Postfix website at http://www.ipnet6.org/postfix/.
+
+  * Wietse Venema took Dean Strik's IPv6 patch, merged it into Postfix 2.2, and
+    took the opportunity to eliminate all IPv4-specific code from Postfix that
+    could be removed. For systems without IPv6 support in the kernel and system
+    libraries, Postfix has a simple compatibility layer, so that it will use
+    IPv4 as before.
+