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+<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+<html> <head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
+<title> Postfix manual - pgsql_table(5) </title>
+</head> <body> <pre>
+PGSQL_TABLE(5) PGSQL_TABLE(5)
+
+<b>NAME</b>
+ pgsql_table - Postfix PostgreSQL client configuration
+
+<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
+ <b>postmap -q "</b><i>string</i><b>" <a href="pgsql_table.5.html">pgsql</a>:/etc/postfix/</b><i>filename</i>
+
+ <b>postmap -q - <a href="pgsql_table.5.html">pgsql</a>:/etc/postfix/</b><i>filename</i> &lt;<i>inputfile</i>
+
+<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
+ The Postfix mail system uses optional tables for address rewriting or
+ mail routing. These tables are usually in <b>dbm</b> or <b>db</b> format.
+
+ Alternatively, lookup tables can be specified as PostgreSQL databases.
+ In order to use PostgreSQL lookups, define a PostgreSQL source as a
+ lookup table in <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a>, for example:
+ <a href="postconf.5.html#alias_maps">alias_maps</a> = <a href="pgsql_table.5.html">pgsql</a>:/etc/pgsql-aliases.cf
+
+ The file /etc/postfix/pgsql-aliases.cf has the same format as the Post-
+ fix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> file, and can specify the parameters described below.
+
+<b>LIST MEMBERSHIP</b>
+ When using SQL to store lists such as $<a href="postconf.5.html#mynetworks">mynetworks</a>, $<a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a>,
+ $<a href="postconf.5.html#relay_domains">relay_domains</a>, $<a href="postconf.5.html#local_recipient_maps">local_recipient_maps</a>, etc., it is important to under-
+ stand that the table must store each list member as a separate key. The
+ table lookup verifies the *existence* of the key. See "Postfix lists
+ versus tables" in the <a href="DATABASE_README.html">DATABASE_README</a> document for a discussion.
+
+ Do NOT create tables that return the full list of domains in $<a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydesti</a>-
+ <a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">nation</a> or $<a href="postconf.5.html#relay_domains">relay_domains</a> etc., or IP addresses in $<a href="postconf.5.html#mynetworks">mynetworks</a>.
+
+ DO create tables with each matching item as a key and with an arbitrary
+ value. With SQL databases it is not uncommon to return the key itself
+ or a constant value.
+
+<b>PGSQL PARAMETERS</b>
+ <b>hosts</b> The hosts that Postfix will try to connect to and query from.
+ Besides a <b>postgresql://</b> connection URI, this setting supports
+ the historical forms <b>unix:/</b><i>pathname</i> for UNIX-domain sockets and
+ <b>inet:</b><i>host:port</i> for TCP connections, where the <b>unix:</b> and <b>inet:</b>
+ prefixes are accepted and ignored for backwards compatibility.
+ Examples:
+ hosts = postgresql://username@example.com/tablename?sslmode=require
+ hosts = host1.some.domain host2.some.domain:port
+ hosts = unix:/file/name
+
+ The hosts are tried in random order. The connections are auto-
+ matically closed after being idle for about 1 minute, and are
+ re-opened as necessary.
+
+ <b>user, password</b>
+ The user name and password to log into the pgsql server. Exam-
+ ple:
+ user = someone
+ password = some_password
+
+ <b>dbname</b> The database name on the servers. Example:
+ dbname = customer_database
+
+ <b>query</b> The SQL query template used to search the database, where <b>%s</b> is
+ a substitute for the address Postfix is trying to resolve, e.g.
+ query = SELECT replacement FROM aliases WHERE mailbox = '%s'
+
+ This parameter supports the following '%' expansions:
+
+ <b>%%</b> This is replaced by a literal '%' character. (Postfix 2.2
+ and later)
+
+ <b>%s</b> This is replaced by the input key. SQL quoting is used
+ to make sure that the input key does not add unexpected
+ metacharacters.
+
+ <b>%u</b> When the input key is an address of the form user@domain,
+ <b>%u</b> is replaced by the SQL quoted local part of the
+ address. Otherwise, <b>%u</b> is replaced by the entire search
+ string. If the localpart is empty, the query is sup-
+ pressed and returns no results.
+
+ <b>%d</b> When the input key is an address of the form user@domain,
+ <b>%d</b> is replaced by the SQL quoted domain part of the
+ address. Otherwise, the query is suppressed and returns
+ no results.
+
+ <b>%[SUD]</b> The upper-case equivalents of the above expansions behave
+ in the <b>query</b> parameter identically to their lower-case
+ counter-parts. With the <b>result_format</b> parameter (see
+ below), they expand the input key rather than the result
+ value.
+
+ The above %S, %U and %D expansions are available with
+ Postfix 2.2 and later
+
+ <b>%[1-9]</b> The patterns %1, %2, ... %9 are replaced by the corre-
+ sponding most significant component of the input key's
+ domain. If the input key is <i>user@mail.example.com</i>, then
+ %1 is <b>com</b>, %2 is <b>example</b> and %3 is <b>mail</b>. If the input key
+ is unqualified or does not have enough domain components
+ to satisfy all the specified patterns, the query is sup-
+ pressed and returns no results.
+
+ The above %1, ... %9 expansions are available with Post-
+ fix 2.2 and later
+
+ The <b>domain</b> parameter described below limits the input keys to
+ addresses in matching domains. When the <b>domain</b> parameter is
+ non-empty, SQL queries for unqualified addresses or addresses in
+ non-matching domains are suppressed and return no results.
+
+ The precedence of this parameter has changed with Postfix 2.2,
+ in prior releases the precedence was, from highest to lowest,
+ <b>select_function</b>, <b>query</b>, <b>select_field</b>, ...
+
+ With Postfix 2.2 the <b>query</b> parameter has highest precedence, see
+ COMPATIBILITY above.
+
+ NOTE: DO NOT put quotes around the <b>query</b> parameter.
+
+ <b>result_format (default: %s</b>)
+ Format template applied to result attributes. Most commonly used
+ to append (or prepend) text to the result. This parameter sup-
+ ports the following '%' expansions:
+
+ <b>%%</b> This is replaced by a literal '%' character.
+
+ <b>%s</b> This is replaced by the value of the result attribute.
+ When result is empty it is skipped.
+
+ <b>%u</b> When the result attribute value is an address of the form
+ user@domain, <b>%u</b> is replaced by the local part of the
+ address. When the result has an empty localpart it is
+ skipped.
+
+ <b>%d</b> When a result attribute value is an address of the form
+ user@domain, <b>%d</b> is replaced by the domain part of the
+ attribute value. When the result is unqualified it is
+ skipped.
+
+ <b>%[SUD1-9]</b>
+ The upper-case and decimal digit expansions interpolate
+ the parts of the input key rather than the result. Their
+ behavior is identical to that described with <b>query</b>, and
+ in fact because the input key is known in advance,
+ queries whose key does not contain all the information
+ specified in the result template are suppressed and
+ return no results.
+
+ For example, using "result_format = <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp</a>:[%s]" allows one to use
+ a mailHost attribute as the basis of a <a href="transport.5.html">transport(5)</a> table. After
+ applying the result format, multiple values are concatenated as
+ comma separated strings. The expansion_limit and parameter
+ explained below allows one to restrict the number of values in
+ the result, which is especially useful for maps that must return
+ at most one value.
+
+ The default value <b>%s</b> specifies that each result value should be
+ used as is.
+
+ This parameter is available with Postfix 2.2 and later.
+
+ NOTE: DO NOT put quotes around the result format!
+
+ <b>domain (default: no domain list)</b>
+ This is a list of domain names, paths to files, or dictionaries.
+ When specified, only fully qualified search keys with a
+ *non-empty* localpart and a matching domain are eligible for
+ lookup: 'user' lookups, bare domain lookups and "@domain"
+ lookups are not performed. This can significantly reduce the
+ query load on the PostgreSQL server.
+ domain = postfix.org, <a href="DATABASE_README.html#types">hash</a>:/etc/postfix/searchdomains
+
+ It is best not to use SQL to store the domains eligible for SQL
+ lookups.
+
+ This parameter is available with Postfix 2.2 and later.
+
+ NOTE: DO NOT define this parameter for <a href="local.8.html">local(8)</a> aliases, because
+ the input keys are always unqualified.
+
+ <b>expansion_limit (default: 0)</b>
+ A limit on the total number of result elements returned (as a
+ comma separated list) by a lookup against the map. A setting of
+ zero disables the limit. Lookups fail with a temporary error if
+ the limit is exceeded. Setting the limit to 1 ensures that
+ lookups do not return multiple values.
+
+<b>OBSOLETE MAIN.CF PARAMETERS</b>
+ For compatibility with other Postfix lookup tables, PostgreSQL parame-
+ ters can also be defined in <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a>. In order to do that, specify as
+ PostgreSQL source a name that doesn't begin with a slash or a dot. The
+ PostgreSQL parameters will then be accessible as the name you've given
+ the source in its definition, an underscore, and the name of the param-
+ eter. For example, if the map is specified as "<a href="pgsql_table.5.html">pgsql</a>:<i>pgsqlname</i>", the
+ parameter "hosts" would be defined in <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> as "<i>pgsqlname</i>_hosts".
+
+ Note: with this form, the passwords for the PostgreSQL sources are
+ written in <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a>, which is normally world-readable. Support for this
+ form will be removed in a future Postfix version.
+
+<b>OBSOLETE QUERY INTERFACES</b>
+ This section describes query interfaces that are deprecated as of Post-
+ fix 2.2. Please migrate to the new <b>query</b> interface as the old inter-
+ faces are slated to be phased out.
+
+ <b>select_function</b>
+ This parameter specifies a database function name. Example:
+ select_function = my_lookup_user_alias
+
+ This is equivalent to:
+ query = SELECT my_lookup_user_alias('%s')
+
+ This parameter overrides the legacy table-related fields
+ (described below). With Postfix versions prior to 2.2, it also
+ overrides the <b>query</b> parameter. Starting with Postfix 2.2, the
+ <b>query</b> parameter has highest precedence, and the <b>select_function</b>
+ parameter is deprecated.
+
+ The following parameters (with lower precedence than the <b>select_func-</b>
+ <b>tion</b> interface described above) can be used to build the SQL select
+ statement as follows:
+
+ SELECT [<b>select_field</b>]
+ FROM [<b>table</b>]
+ WHERE [<b>where_field</b>] = '%s'
+ [<b>additional_conditions</b>]
+
+ The specifier %s is replaced with each lookup by the lookup key and is
+ escaped so if it contains single quotes or other odd characters, it
+ will not cause a parse error, or worse, a security problem.
+
+ Starting with Postfix 2.2, this interface is obsoleted by the more gen-
+ eral <b>query</b> interface described above. If higher precedence the <b>query</b> or
+ <b>select_function</b> parameters described above are defined, the parameters
+ described here are ignored.
+
+ <b>select_field</b>
+ The SQL "select" parameter. Example:
+ <b>select_field</b> = forw_addr
+
+ <b>table</b> The SQL "select .. from" table name. Example:
+ <b>table</b> = mxaliases
+
+ <b>where_field</b>
+ The SQL "select .. where" parameter. Example:
+ <b>where_field</b> = alias
+
+ <b>additional_conditions</b>
+ Additional conditions to the SQL query. Example:
+ <b>additional_conditions</b> = AND status = 'paid'
+
+<b>SEE ALSO</b>
+ <a href="postmap.1.html">postmap(1)</a>, Postfix lookup table manager
+ <a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters
+ <a href="ldap_table.5.html">ldap_table(5)</a>, LDAP lookup tables
+ <a href="mysql_table.5.html">mysql_table(5)</a>, MySQL lookup tables
+ <a href="sqlite_table.5.html">sqlite_table(5)</a>, SQLite lookup tables
+
+<b>README FILES</b>
+ <a href="DATABASE_README.html">DATABASE_README</a>, Postfix lookup table overview
+ <a href="PGSQL_README.html">PGSQL_README</a>, Postfix PostgreSQL client guide
+
+<b>LICENSE</b>
+ The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.
+
+<b>HISTORY</b>
+ PgSQL support was introduced with Postfix version 2.1.
+
+<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
+ Based on the MySQL client by:
+ Scott Cotton, Joshua Marcus
+ IC Group, Inc.
+
+ Ported to PostgreSQL by:
+ Aaron Sethman
+
+ Further enhanced by:
+ Liviu Daia
+ Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy
+ P.O. BOX 1-764
+ RO-014700 Bucharest, ROMANIA
+
+ PGSQL_TABLE(5)
+</pre> </body> </html>