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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
Copyright (c) 1991 , Julianne Frances Haugh
Copyright (c) 2007 - 2008, Nicolas François
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
3. The name of the copyright holders or contributors may not be used to
endorse or promote products derived from this software without
specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-->
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.5//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY SYSLOG_SG_ENAB SYSTEM "login.defs.d/SYSLOG_SG_ENAB.xml">
<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE -->
]>
<refentry id='newgrp.1'>
<!-- $Id$ -->
<refentryinfo>
<author>
<firstname>Julianne Frances</firstname>
<surname>Haugh</surname>
<contrib>Creation, 1991</contrib>
</author>
<author>
<firstname>Thomas</firstname>
<surname>Kłoczko</surname>
<email>kloczek@pld.org.pl</email>
<contrib>shadow-utils maintainer, 2000 - 2007</contrib>
</author>
<author>
<firstname>Nicolas</firstname>
<surname>François</surname>
<email>nicolas.francois@centraliens.net</email>
<contrib>shadow-utils maintainer, 2007 - now</contrib>
</author>
</refentryinfo>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>newgrp</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
<refmiscinfo class="sectdesc">User Commands</refmiscinfo>
<refmiscinfo class="source">shadow-utils</refmiscinfo>
<refmiscinfo class="version">&SHADOW_UTILS_VERSION;</refmiscinfo>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv id='name'>
<refname>newgrp</refname>
<refpurpose>log in to a new group</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<!-- body begins here -->
<refsynopsisdiv id='synopsis'>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>newgrp</command> <arg choice='opt'>- </arg>
<arg choice='opt'><replaceable>group</replaceable></arg>
</cmdsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1 id='description'>
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
<para>
The <command>newgrp</command> command is used to change the current
group ID during a login session. If the optional <option>-</option>
flag is given, the user's environment will be reinitialized as though
the user had logged in, otherwise the current environment, including
current working directory, remains unchanged.
</para>
<para>
<command>newgrp</command> changes the current real group ID to the
named group, or to the default group listed in
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> if no group name is given.
<command>newgrp</command> also tries to add the group to the user
groupset. If not root, the user will be prompted for a password if she
does not have a password (in <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> if this
user has an entry in the shadowed password file, or in
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> otherwise) and the group does, or if
the user is not listed as a member and the group has a password. The
user will be denied access if the group password is empty and the user
is not listed as a member.
</para>
<para condition="gshadow">
If there is an entry for this group in
<filename>/etc/gshadow</filename>, then the list of members and the
password of this group will be taken from this file, otherwise, the
entry in <filename>/etc/group</filename> is considered.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='configuration'>
<title>CONFIGURATION</title>
<para>
The following configuration variables in
<filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> change the behavior of this
tool:
</para>
<variablelist>
&SYSLOG_SG_ENAB;
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='files'>
<title>FILES</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/passwd</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>User account information.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/shadow</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>Secure user account information.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/group</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>Group account information.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry condition="gshadow">
<term><filename>/etc/gshadow</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>Secure group account information.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='see_also'>
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
<para>
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>id</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>su</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>sg</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>gpasswd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</citerefentry><phrase condition="gshadow">,
<citerefentry condition="gshadow">
<refentrytitle>gshadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>
</phrase>.
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
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