Adding upstream version 18.2.2.upstream/18.2.2

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

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+### Generic Build Instructions
+
+#### Setup
+
+To build Google Test and your tests that use it, you need to tell your build
+system where to find its headers and source files. The exact way to do it
+depends on which build system you use, and is usually straightforward.
+
+#### Build
+
+Suppose you put Google Test in directory `${GTEST_DIR}`. To build it, create a
+library build target (or a project as called by Visual Studio and Xcode) to
+compile
+
+    ${GTEST_DIR}/src/gtest-all.cc
+
+with `${GTEST_DIR}/include` in the system header search path and `${GTEST_DIR}`
+in the normal header search path. Assuming a Linux-like system and gcc,
+something like the following will do:
+
+    g++ -isystem ${GTEST_DIR}/include -I${GTEST_DIR} \
+        -pthread -c ${GTEST_DIR}/src/gtest-all.cc
+    ar -rv libgtest.a gtest-all.o
+
+(We need `-pthread` as Google Test uses threads.)
+
+Next, you should compile your test source file with `${GTEST_DIR}/include` in
+the system header search path, and link it with gtest and any other necessary
+libraries:
+
+    g++ -isystem ${GTEST_DIR}/include -pthread path/to/your_test.cc libgtest.a \
+        -o your_test
+
+As an example, the make/ directory contains a Makefile that you can use to build
+Google Test on systems where GNU make is available (e.g. Linux, Mac OS X, and
+Cygwin). It doesn't try to build Google Test's own tests. Instead, it just
+builds the Google Test library and a sample test. You can use it as a starting
+point for your own build script.
+
+If the default settings are correct for your environment, the following commands
+should succeed:
+
+    cd ${GTEST_DIR}/make
+    make
+    ./sample1_unittest
+
+If you see errors, try to tweak the contents of `make/Makefile` to make them go
+away. There are instructions in `make/Makefile` on how to do it.
+
+### Using CMake
+
+Google Test comes with a CMake build script (
+[CMakeLists.txt](https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt))
+that can be used on a wide range of platforms ("C" stands for cross-platform.).
+If you don't have CMake installed already, you can download it for free from
+<http://www.cmake.org/>.
+
+CMake works by generating native makefiles or build projects that can be used in
+the compiler environment of your choice. You can either build Google Test as a
+standalone project or it can be incorporated into an existing CMake build for
+another project.
+
+#### Standalone CMake Project
+
+When building Google Test as a standalone project, the typical workflow starts
+with:
+
+    mkdir mybuild       # Create a directory to hold the build output.
+    cd mybuild
+    cmake ${GTEST_DIR}  # Generate native build scripts.
+
+If you want to build Google Test's samples, you should replace the last command
+with
+
+    cmake -Dgtest_build_samples=ON ${GTEST_DIR}
+
+If you are on a \*nix system, you should now see a Makefile in the current
+directory. Just type 'make' to build gtest.
+
+If you use Windows and have Visual Studio installed, a `gtest.sln` file and
+several `.vcproj` files will be created. You can then build them using Visual
+Studio.
+
+On Mac OS X with Xcode installed, a `.xcodeproj` file will be generated.
+
+#### Incorporating Into An Existing CMake Project
+
+If you want to use gtest in a project which already uses CMake, then a more
+robust and flexible approach is to build gtest as part of that project directly.
+This is done by making the GoogleTest source code available to the main build
+and adding it using CMake's `add_subdirectory()` command. This has the
+significant advantage that the same compiler and linker settings are used
+between gtest and the rest of your project, so issues associated with using
+incompatible libraries (eg debug/release), etc. are avoided. This is
+particularly useful on Windows. Making GoogleTest's source code available to the
+main build can be done a few different ways:
+
+*   Download the GoogleTest source code manually and place it at a known
+    location. This is the least flexible approach and can make it more difficult
+    to use with continuous integration systems, etc.
+*   Embed the GoogleTest source code as a direct copy in the main project's
+    source tree. This is often the simplest approach, but is also the hardest to
+    keep up to date. Some organizations may not permit this method.
+*   Add GoogleTest as a git submodule or equivalent. This may not always be
+    possible or appropriate. Git submodules, for example, have their own set of
+    advantages and drawbacks.
+*   Use CMake to download GoogleTest as part of the build's configure step. This
+    is just a little more complex, but doesn't have the limitations of the other
+    methods.
+
+The last of the above methods is implemented with a small piece of CMake code in
+a separate file (e.g. `CMakeLists.txt.in`) which is copied to the build area and
+then invoked as a sub-build _during the CMake stage_. That directory is then
+pulled into the main build with `add_subdirectory()`. For example:
+
+New file `CMakeLists.txt.in`:
+
+    cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.2)
+
+    project(googletest-download NONE)
+
+    include(ExternalProject)
+    ExternalProject_Add(googletest
+      GIT_REPOSITORY    https://github.com/google/googletest.git
+      GIT_TAG           master
+      SOURCE_DIR        "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-src"
+      BINARY_DIR        "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-build"
+      CONFIGURE_COMMAND ""
+      BUILD_COMMAND     ""
+      INSTALL_COMMAND   ""
+      TEST_COMMAND      ""
+    )
+
+Existing build's `CMakeLists.txt`:
+
+    # Download and unpack googletest at configure time
+    configure_file(CMakeLists.txt.in googletest-download/CMakeLists.txt)
+    execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -G "${CMAKE_GENERATOR}" .
+      RESULT_VARIABLE result
+      WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-download )
+    if(result)
+      message(FATAL_ERROR "CMake step for googletest failed: ${result}")
+    endif()
+    execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} --build .
+      RESULT_VARIABLE result
+      WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-download )
+    if(result)
+      message(FATAL_ERROR "Build step for googletest failed: ${result}")
+    endif()
+
+    # Prevent overriding the parent project's compiler/linker
+    # settings on Windows
+    set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+
+    # Add googletest directly to our build. This defines
+    # the gtest and gtest_main targets.
+    add_subdirectory(${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-src
+                     ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-build
+                     EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
+
+    # The gtest/gtest_main targets carry header search path
+    # dependencies automatically when using CMake 2.8.11 or
+    # later. Otherwise we have to add them here ourselves.
+    if (CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS 2.8.11)
+      include_directories("${gtest_SOURCE_DIR}/include")
+    endif()
+
+    # Now simply link against gtest or gtest_main as needed. Eg
+    add_executable(example example.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(example gtest_main)
+    add_test(NAME example_test COMMAND example)
+
+Note that this approach requires CMake 2.8.2 or later due to its use of the
+`ExternalProject_Add()` command. The above technique is discussed in more detail
+in [this separate article](http://crascit.com/2015/07/25/cmake-gtest/) which
+also contains a link to a fully generalized implementation of the technique.
+
+##### Visual Studio Dynamic vs Static Runtimes
+
+By default, new Visual Studio projects link the C runtimes dynamically but
+Google Test links them statically. This will generate an error that looks
+something like the following: gtest.lib(gtest-all.obj) : error LNK2038: mismatch
+detected for 'RuntimeLibrary': value 'MTd_StaticDebug' doesn't match value
+'MDd_DynamicDebug' in main.obj
+
+Google Test already has a CMake option for this: `gtest_force_shared_crt`
+
+Enabling this option will make gtest link the runtimes dynamically too, and
+match the project in which it is included.
+
+### Legacy Build Scripts
+
+Before settling on CMake, we have been providing hand-maintained build
+projects/scripts for Visual Studio, Xcode, and Autotools. While we continue to
+provide them for convenience, they are not actively maintained any more. We
+highly recommend that you follow the instructions in the above sections to
+integrate Google Test with your existing build system.
+
+If you still need to use the legacy build scripts, here's how:
+
+The msvc\ folder contains two solutions with Visual C++ projects. Open the
+`gtest.sln` or `gtest-md.sln` file using Visual Studio, and you are ready to
+build Google Test the same way you build any Visual Studio project. Files that
+have names ending with -md use DLL versions of Microsoft runtime libraries (the
+/MD or the /MDd compiler option). Files without that suffix use static versions
+of the runtime libraries (the /MT or the /MTd option). Please note that one must
+use the same option to compile both gtest and the test code. If you use Visual
+Studio 2005 or above, we recommend the -md version as /MD is the default for new
+projects in these versions of Visual Studio.
+
+On Mac OS X, open the `gtest.xcodeproj` in the `xcode/` folder using Xcode.
+Build the "gtest" target. The universal binary framework will end up in your
+selected build directory (selected in the Xcode "Preferences..." -> "Building"
+pane and defaults to xcode/build). Alternatively, at the command line, enter:
+
+    xcodebuild
+
+This will build the "Release" configuration of gtest.framework in your default
+build location. See the "xcodebuild" man page for more information about
+building different configurations and building in different locations.
+
+If you wish to use the Google Test Xcode project with Xcode 4.x and above, you
+need to either:
+
+*   update the SDK configuration options in xcode/Config/General.xconfig.
+    Comment options `SDKROOT`, `MACOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET`, and `GCC_VERSION`. If
+    you choose this route you lose the ability to target earlier versions of
+    MacOS X.
+*   Install an SDK for an earlier version. This doesn't appear to be supported
+    by Apple, but has been reported to work
+    (http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5378518).
+
+### Tweaking Google Test
+
+Google Test can be used in diverse environments. The default configuration may
+not work (or may not work well) out of the box in some environments. However,
+you can easily tweak Google Test by defining control macros on the compiler
+command line. Generally, these macros are named like `GTEST_XYZ` and you define
+them to either 1 or 0 to enable or disable a certain feature.
+
+We list the most frequently used macros below. For a complete list, see file
+[include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h](https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h).
+
+### Choosing a TR1 Tuple Library
+
+Some Google Test features require the C++ Technical Report 1 (TR1) tuple
+library, which is not yet available with all compilers. The good news is that
+Google Test implements a subset of TR1 tuple that's enough for its own need, and
+will automatically use this when the compiler doesn't provide TR1 tuple.
+
+Usually you don't need to care about which tuple library Google Test uses.
+However, if your project already uses TR1 tuple, you need to tell Google Test to
+use the same TR1 tuple library the rest of your project uses, or the two tuple
+implementations will clash. To do that, add
+
+    -DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=0
+
+to the compiler flags while compiling Google Test and your tests. If you want to
+force Google Test to use its own tuple library, just add
+
+    -DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=1
+
+to the compiler flags instead.
+
+If you don't want Google Test to use tuple at all, add
+
+    -DGTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE=0
+
+and all features using tuple will be disabled.
+
+### Multi-threaded Tests
+
+Google Test is thread-safe where the pthread library is available. After
+`#include "gtest/gtest.h"`, you can check the `GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE` macro to see
+whether this is the case (yes if the macro is `#defined` to 1, no if it's
+undefined.).
+
+If Google Test doesn't correctly detect whether pthread is available in your
+environment, you can force it with
+
+    -DGTEST_HAS_PTHREAD=1
+
+or
+
+    -DGTEST_HAS_PTHREAD=0
+
+When Google Test uses pthread, you may need to add flags to your compiler and/or
+linker to select the pthread library, or you'll get link errors. If you use the
+CMake script or the deprecated Autotools script, this is taken care of for you.
+If you use your own build script, you'll need to read your compiler and linker's
+manual to figure out what flags to add.
+
+### As a Shared Library (DLL)
+
+Google Test is compact, so most users can build and link it as a static library
+for the simplicity. You can choose to use Google Test as a shared library (known
+as a DLL on Windows) if you prefer.
+
+To compile *gtest* as a shared library, add
+
+    -DGTEST_CREATE_SHARED_LIBRARY=1
+
+to the compiler flags. You'll also need to tell the linker to produce a shared
+library instead - consult your linker's manual for how to do it.
+
+To compile your *tests* that use the gtest shared library, add
+
+    -DGTEST_LINKED_AS_SHARED_LIBRARY=1
+
+to the compiler flags.
+
+Note: while the above steps aren't technically necessary today when using some
+compilers (e.g. GCC), they may become necessary in the future, if we decide to
+improve the speed of loading the library (see
+<http://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/Visibility> for details). Therefore you are recommended
+to always add the above flags when using Google Test as a shared library.
+Otherwise a future release of Google Test may break your build script.
+
+### Avoiding Macro Name Clashes
+
+In C++, macros don't obey namespaces. Therefore two libraries that both define a
+macro of the same name will clash if you `#include` both definitions. In case a
+Google Test macro clashes with another library, you can force Google Test to
+rename its macro to avoid the conflict.
+
+Specifically, if both Google Test and some other code define macro FOO, you can
+add
+
+    -DGTEST_DONT_DEFINE_FOO=1
+
+to the compiler flags to tell Google Test to change the macro's name from `FOO`
+to `GTEST_FOO`. Currently `FOO` can be `FAIL`, `SUCCEED`, or `TEST`. For
+example, with `-DGTEST_DONT_DEFINE_TEST=1`, you'll need to write
+
+    GTEST_TEST(SomeTest, DoesThis) { ... }
+
+instead of
+
+    TEST(SomeTest, DoesThis) { ... }
+
+in order to define a test.