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Contents
1. Dovecot Logging
1. Internal Errors
2. Changing Log File Paths
3. Syslog Example
4. Rotating Logs
5. Logging verbosity
Dovecot Logging
===============
*Dovecot always logs a detailed error message* if something goes wrong. If it
doesn't, it's considered a bug and will be fixed. However, almost always the
problem is that *you're looking at the wrong log file*; error messages may be
logged to a different file than informational messages.
You can find the log file locations by running:
---%<-------------------------------------------------------------------------
doveadm log find
---%<-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dovecot log configuration is found in the conf.d/10-logging.conf file in the
dovecot configuration folder (usually */etc/dovecot* but may also be
*/usr/local/etc/dovecot*).
By default Dovecot logs to syslog using *mail* facility. You can change the
facility from 'syslog_facility' setting. The syslog configuration is often in
'/etc/syslog.conf' or '/etc/rsyslog*' files. You can also configure Dovecot to
write to log files directly, see below.
When using syslog, Dovecot uses 5 different logging levels:
* *debug*: Debug-level message.
* *info*: Informational messages.
* *warning*: Warnings that don't cause an actual error, but are useful to know
about.
* *err*: Non-fatal errors.
* *crit*: Fatal errors that cause the process to die.
Where exactly these messages are logged depends entirely on your syslog
configuration. Often everything is logged to '/var/log/mail.log' or
'/var/log/maillog', and *err* and *crit* are logged to '/var/log/mail.err'.
This is not necessarily true for your configuration though.
In an ideal configuration the errors would be logged to a separate file than
non-errors. For example you could set 'syslog_facility = local5' and set:
---%<-------------------------------------------------------------------------
local5.* -/var/log/dovecot.log
local5.warning;local5.error;local5.crit -/var/log/dovecot-errors.log
---%<-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Here all the Dovecot messages get logged into 'dovecot.log', while all the
important error/warning messages get logged into 'dovecot-errors.log'.
Internal Errors
---------------
If IMAP or POP3 processes encounter some error, they don't show the exact
reason for clients. Instead they show:
---%<-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Internal error occurred. Refer to server log for more information. [2006-01-07
22:35:11]
---%<-------------------------------------------------------------------------
The point is that whenever anything unexpected happens, Dovecot doesn't leak
any extra information about it to clients. They don't need it and they might
try to exploit it in some ways, so the less they know the better.
The real error message is written to the error log file. The timestamp is meant
for you to help you find it.
Changing Log File Paths
-----------------------
If you don't want to use syslog, or if you just can't find the Dovecot's error
logs, you can make Dovecot log elsewhere as well:
---%<-------------------------------------------------------------------------
log_path = /var/log/dovecot.log
# If you want everything in one file, just don't specify info_log_path and
debug_log_path
info_log_path = /var/log/dovecot-info.log
# Leave empty in order to send debug-level messages to info_log_path
debug_log_path = /var/log/dovecot-debug.log
---%<-------------------------------------------------------------------------
The warning and error messages will go to file specified by 'log_path', while
informative messages goes to 'info_log_path' and debug messages goes to
'debug_log_path'. If you do this, make sure you're really looking at the
'log_path' file for error messages, since the "Starting up" message is written
to 'info_log_path' file.
Syslog Example
--------------
Dovecot logging asynchronously via 'syslog_facility = local5' with basic rules:
---%<-------------------------------------------------------------------------
local5.* -/var/log/dovecot.log
local5.info -/var/log/dovecot.info
local5.warn -/var/log/dovecot.warn
local5.err -/var/log/dovecot.err
:msg,contains,"stored mail into mailbox"\
-/var/log/dovecot.lmtp
---%<-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rotating Logs
-------------
If you change from syslog to an external log file, you can use logrotate
(available on most recent linux distros) to maintain the Dovecot logfile so it
doesn't grow beyond a manageable size. Save the below scriptlet as
'/etc/logrotate.d/dovecot':
---%<-------------------------------------------------------------------------
/var/log/dovecot*.log {
weekly
rotate 4
missingok
notifempty
compress
delaycompress
sharedscripts
postrotate
doveadm log reopen
endscript
}
---%<-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Note:* doveadm is not working properly with SELinux (e.g. doveadm cannot read
config file when called from logrotate context). SELinux safe postrotate
alternative scriplet:
---%<-------------------------------------------------------------------------
postrotate
kill -s 0 `cat /var/run/dovecot/master.pid` || kill -s USR1 `cat
/var/run/dovecot/master.pid`
endscript
---%<-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Note 2:* When 'syslog_facility = local5' is used for logging (example above),
the line "/var/log/dovecot.log" should be added to the
'/etc/logrotate.d/syslog' file to enable rotation (no
'/etc/logrotate.d/dovecot' in this case!).
Logging verbosity
-----------------
There are several settings that control logging verbosity. By default they're
all disabled, but they may be useful for debugging.
* 'auth_verbose=yes' enables logging all failed authentication attempts.
* 'auth_debug=yes' enables all authentication debug logging (also enables
'auth_verbose'). Passwords are logged as '<hidden>'.
* 'auth_debug_passwords=yes' does everything that 'auth_debug=yes' does, but
it also removes password hiding (but only if you are not using PAM, since
PAM errors aren't written to Dovecot's own logs).
* 'mail_debug=yes' enables all kinds of mail related debug logging, such as
showing where Dovecot is looking for mails.
* 'verbose_ssl=yes' enables logging SSL errors and warnings. Even without this
setting if connection is closed because of an SSL error, the error is logged
as the disconnection reason.
* 'auth_verbose_passwords=no|plain|sha1' If authentication fails, this setting
logs the used password. If you don't really need to know what the password
itself was, but are more interested in knowing if the user is simply trying
to use the wrong password every single time or if it's a brute force attack,
you can set this to "sha1" and only the SHA1 of the password is logged.
That's enough to know if the password is same or different between login
attempts.
(This file was created from the wiki on 2019-06-19 12:42)
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