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authorDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-04-19 01:47:29 +0000
committerDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-04-19 01:47:29 +0000
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+# WebRTC iOS development
+
+## Development Environment
+
+In case you need to build the framework manually or you want to try out the
+demo application AppRTCMobile, follow the instructions illustrated bellow.
+
+A macOS machine is required for iOS development. While it's possible to
+develop purely from the command line with text editors, it's easiest to use
+Xcode. Both methods will be illustrated here.
+
+_NOTICE:_ You will need to install [Chromium depot_tools][webrtc-prerequisite-sw].
+
+## Getting the Code
+
+Create a working directory, enter it, and run:
+
+```
+$ fetch --nohooks webrtc_ios
+$ gclient sync
+```
+
+This will fetch a regular WebRTC checkout with the iOS-specific parts
+added. Notice the size is quite large: about 6GB. The same checkout can be used
+for both Mac and iOS development, since GN allows you to generate your
+[Ninja][ninja] project files in different directories for each build config.
+
+You may want to disable Spotlight indexing for the checkout to speed up
+file operations.
+
+Note that the git repository root is in `src`.
+
+From here you can check out a new local branch with:
+
+```
+$ git new-branch <branch name>
+```
+
+See [Development][webrtc-development] for generic instructions on how
+to update the code in your checkout.
+
+
+## Generating project files
+
+[GN][gn] is used to generate [Ninja][ninja] project files. In order to configure
+[GN][gn] to generate build files for iOS certain variables need to be set.
+Those variables can be edited for the various build configurations as needed.
+
+The variables you should care about are the following:
+
+* `target_os`:
+ - To build for iOS this should be set as `target_os="ios"` in your `gn args`.
+ The default is whatever OS you are running the script on, so this can be
+ omitted when generating build files for macOS.
+* `target_cpu`:
+ - For builds targeting iOS devices, this should be set to either `"arm"` or
+ `"arm64"`, depending on the architecture of the device. For builds to run in
+ the simulator, this should be set to `"x64"`.
+* `is_debug`:
+ - Debug builds are the default. When building for release, specify `false`.
+
+The component build is the default for Debug builds, which are also enabled by
+default unless `is_debug=false` is specified.
+
+The [GN][gn] command for generating build files is `gn gen <output folder>`.
+
+After you've generated your build files once, subsequent invocations of `gn gen`
+with the same output folder will use the same arguments as first supplied.
+To edit these at any time use `gn args <output folder>`. This will open up
+a file in `$EDITOR` where you can edit the arguments. When you've made
+changes and save the file, `gn` will regenerate your project files for you
+with the new arguments.
+
+### Examples
+
+```
+$ # debug build for 64-bit iOS
+$ gn gen out/ios_64 --args='target_os="ios" target_cpu="arm64"'
+
+$ # debug build for simulator
+$ gn gen out/ios_sim --args='target_os="ios" target_cpu="x64"'
+```
+
+## Compiling with ninja
+
+To compile, just run ninja on the appropriate target. For example:
+
+```
+$ ninja -C out/ios_64 AppRTCMobile
+```
+
+Replace `AppRTCMobile` in the command above with the target you
+are interested in.
+
+To see a list of available targets, run `gn ls out/<output folder>`.
+
+## Using Xcode
+
+Xcode is the default and preferred IDE to develop for the iOS platform.
+
+*Generating an Xcode project*
+
+To have GN generate Xcode project files, pass the argument `--ide=xcode`
+when running `gn gen`. This will result in a file named `all.xcodeproj`
+placed in your specified output directory.
+
+Example:
+
+```
+$ gn gen out/ios --args='target_os="ios" target_cpu="arm64"' --ide=xcode
+$ open -a Xcode.app out/ios/all.xcodeproj
+```
+
+*Compile and run with Xcode*
+
+Compiling with Xcode is not supported! What we do instead is compile using a
+script that runs ninja from Xcode. This is done with a custom _run script_
+action in the build phases of the generated project. This script will simply
+call ninja as you would when building from the command line.
+
+This gives us access to the usual deployment/debugging workflow iOS developers
+are used to in Xcode, without sacrificing the build speed of Ninja.
+
+## Running the tests
+
+There are several test targets in WebRTC. To run the tests, you must deploy the
+`.app` bundle to a device (see next section) and run them from there.
+To run a specific test or collection of tests, normally with gtest one would pass
+the `--gtest_filter` argument to the test binary when running. To do this when
+running the tests from Xcode, from the targets menu, select the test bundle
+and press _edit scheme..._ at the bottom of the target dropdown menu. From there
+click _Run_ in the sidebar and add `--gtest_filter` to the _Arguments passed on
+Launch_ list.
+
+If deploying to a device via the command line using [`ios-deploy`][ios-deploy],
+use the `-a` flag to pass arguments to the executable on launch.
+
+## Deploying to Device
+
+It's easiest to deploy to a device using Xcode. Other command line tools exist
+as well, e.g. [`ios-deploy`][ios-deploy].
+
+**NOTICE:** To deploy to an iOS device you must have a valid signing identity
+set up. You can verify this by running:
+
+```
+$ xcrun security find-identity -v -p codesigning
+```
+
+If you don't have a valid signing identity, you can still build for ARM,
+but you won't be able to deploy your code to an iOS device. To do this,
+add the flag `ios_enable_code_signing=false` to the `gn gen` args when you
+generate the build files.
+
+## Using WebRTC in your app
+
+To build WebRTC for use in a native iOS app, it's easiest to build
+`WebRTC.framework`. This can be done with ninja as follows, replacing `ios`
+with the actual location of your generated build files.
+
+```
+ninja -C out/ios framework_objc
+```
+
+This should result in a `.framework` bundle being generated in `out/ios`.
+This bundle can now be directly included in another app.
+
+If you need a FAT `.framework`, that is, a binary that contains code for
+multiple architectures, and will work both on device and in the simulator,
+a script is available [here][framework-script]
+
+The resulting framework can be found in out_ios_libs/.
+
+Please note that you can not ship the FAT framework binary with your app
+if you intend to distribute it through the app store.
+To solve this either remove "x86-64" from the list of architectures in
+the [build script][framework-script] or split the binary and recreate it without x86-64.
+For instructions on how to do this see [here][strip-arch].
+
+
+[cocoapods]: https://cocoapods.org/pods/GoogleWebRTC
+[webrtc-prerequisite-sw]: https://webrtc.googlesource.com/src/+/main/docs/native-code/development/prerequisite-sw/index.md
+[webrtc-development]: https://webrtc.googlesource.com/src/+/main/docs/native-code/development/index.md
+[framework-script]: https://webrtc.googlesource.com/src/+/main/tools_webrtc/ios/build_ios_libs.py
+[ninja]: https://ninja-build.org/
+[gn]: https://gn.googlesource.com/gn/+/main/README.md
+[ios-deploy]: https://github.com/phonegap/ios-deploy
+[strip-arch]: http://ikennd.ac/blog/2015/02/stripping-unwanted-architectures-from-dynamic-libraries-in-xcode/