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diff --git a/testing/web-platform/tests/css/css-view-transitions/only-child-on-root-element-with-view-transition.html b/testing/web-platform/tests/css/css-view-transitions/only-child-on-root-element-with-view-transition.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8b81c35ff6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/testing/web-platform/tests/css/css-view-transitions/only-child-on-root-element-with-view-transition.html
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html class="reftest-wait foo">
+<title>View transitions: ensure :only-child is supported on view-transition</title>
+<link rel="help" href="https://github.com/WICG/view-transitions">
+<link rel="author" href="mailto:khushalsagar@chromium.org">
+
+<script src="/resources/testharness.js"></script>
+<script src="/resources/testharnessreport.js"></script>
+
+<style>
+::view-transition {
+  background-color: red;
+}
+
+html:only-child {
+  background-color: blue;
+}
+
+:root:only-child {
+  background-color: blue;
+}
+
+:only-child {
+  background-color: blue;
+}
+
+.foo:only-child {
+  background-color: blue;
+}
+</style>
+
+<script>
+promise_test(() => {
+  assert_implements(document.startViewTransition, "Missing document.startViewTransition");
+  return new Promise(async (resolve, reject) => {
+    let transition = document.startViewTransition();
+    transition.ready.then(() => {
+      let style = getComputedStyle(
+        document.documentElement, "::view-transition");
+      if (style.backgroundColor == "rgb(255, 0, 0)")
+        resolve();
+      else
+        reject(style.backgroundColor);
+    });
+  });
+}, ":only-child is not supported on view-transition");
+</script>