path: root/storage/mozStorageService.cpp

/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
 * vim: sw=2 ts=2 et lcs=trail\:.,tab\:>~ :
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */

#include "BaseVFS.h"
#include "mozilla/Attributes.h"
#include "mozilla/DebugOnly.h"
#include "mozilla/SpinEventLoopUntil.h"
#include "nsIFile.h"
#include "nsIFileURL.h"
#include "mozStorageService.h"
#include "mozStorageConnection.h"
#include "nsComponentManagerUtils.h"
#include "nsEmbedCID.h"
#include "nsExceptionHandler.h"
#include "nsThreadUtils.h"
#include "mozStoragePrivateHelpers.h"
#include "nsIObserverService.h"
#include "nsIPropertyBag2.h"
#include "ObfuscatingVFS.h"
#include "QuotaVFS.h"
#include "mozilla/Services.h"
#include "mozilla/LateWriteChecks.h"
#include "mozIStorageCompletionCallback.h"
#include "mozIStoragePendingStatement.h"
#include "mozilla/StaticPrefs_storage.h"
#include "mozilla/intl/Collator.h"
#include "mozilla/intl/LocaleService.h"

#include "sqlite3.h"
#include "mozilla/AutoSQLiteLifetime.h"

#ifdef XP_WIN
// "windows.h" was included and it can #define lots of things we care about...
#  undef CompareString
#endif

using mozilla::intl::Collator;

namespace mozilla::storage {

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//// Memory Reporting

#ifdef MOZ_DMD
mozilla::Atomic<size_t> gSqliteMemoryUsed;
#endif

static int64_t StorageSQLiteDistinguishedAmount() {
  return ::sqlite3_memory_used();
}

/**
 * Passes a single SQLite memory statistic to a memory reporter callback.
 *
 * @param aHandleReport
 *        The callback.
 * @param aData
 *        The data for the callback.
 * @param aConn
 *        The SQLite connection.
 * @param aPathHead
 *        Head of the path for the memory report.
 * @param aKind
 *        The memory report statistic kind, one of "stmt", "cache" or
 *        "schema".
 * @param aDesc
 *        The memory report description.
 * @param aOption
 *        The SQLite constant for getting the measurement.
 * @param aTotal
 *        The accumulator for the measurement.
 */
static void ReportConn(nsIHandleReportCallback* aHandleReport,
                       nsISupports* aData, Connection* aConn,
                       const nsACString& aPathHead, const nsACString& aKind,
                       const nsACString& aDesc, int32_t aOption,
                       size_t* aTotal) {
  nsCString path(aPathHead);
  path.Append(aKind);
  path.AppendLiteral("-used");

  int32_t val = aConn->getSqliteRuntimeStatus(aOption);
  aHandleReport->Callback(""_ns, path, nsIMemoryReporter::KIND_HEAP,
                          nsIMemoryReporter::UNITS_BYTES, int64_t(val), aDesc,
                          aData);
  *aTotal += val;
}

// Warning: To get a Connection's measurements requires holding its lock.
// There may be a delay getting the lock if another thread is accessing the
// Connection.  This isn't very nice if CollectReports is called from the main
// thread!  But at the time of writing this function is only called when
// about:memory is loaded (not, for example, when telemetry pings occur) and
// any delays in that case aren't so bad.
NS_IMETHODIMP
Service::CollectReports(nsIHandleReportCallback* aHandleReport,
                        nsISupports* aData, bool aAnonymize) {
  size_t totalConnSize = 0;
  {
    nsTArray<RefPtr<Connection>> connections;
    getConnections(connections);

    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < connections.Length(); i++) {
      RefPtr<Connection>& conn = connections[i];

      // Someone may have closed the Connection, in which case we skip it.
      // Note that we have consumers of the synchronous API that are off the
      // main-thread, like the DOM Cache and IndexedDB, and as such we must be
      // sure that we have a connection.
      MutexAutoLock lockedAsyncScope(conn->sharedAsyncExecutionMutex);
      if (!conn->connectionReady()) {
        continue;
      }

      nsCString pathHead("explicit/storage/sqlite/");
      // This filename isn't privacy-sensitive, and so is never anonymized.
      pathHead.Append(conn->getFilename());
      pathHead.Append('/');

      SQLiteMutexAutoLock lockedScope(conn->sharedDBMutex);

      constexpr auto stmtDesc =
          "Memory (approximate) used by all prepared statements used by "
          "connections to this database."_ns;
      ReportConn(aHandleReport, aData, conn, pathHead, "stmt"_ns, stmtDesc,
                 SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED, &totalConnSize);

      constexpr auto cacheDesc =
          "Memory (approximate) used by all pager caches used by connections "
          "to this database."_ns;
      ReportConn(aHandleReport, aData, conn, pathHead, "cache"_ns, cacheDesc,
                 SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED, &totalConnSize);

      constexpr auto schemaDesc =
          "Memory (approximate) used to store the schema for all databases "
          "associated with connections to this database."_ns;
      ReportConn(aHandleReport, aData, conn, pathHead, "schema"_ns, schemaDesc,
                 SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED, &totalConnSize);
    }

#ifdef MOZ_DMD
    if (::sqlite3_memory_used() != int64_t(gSqliteMemoryUsed)) {
      NS_WARNING(
          "memory consumption reported by SQLite doesn't match "
          "our measurements");
    }
#endif
  }

  int64_t other = static_cast<int64_t>(::sqlite3_memory_used() - totalConnSize);

  MOZ_COLLECT_REPORT("explicit/storage/sqlite/other", KIND_HEAP, UNITS_BYTES,
                     other, "All unclassified sqlite memory.");

  return NS_OK;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//// Service

NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS(Service, mozIStorageService, nsIObserver, nsIMemoryReporter)

Service* Service::gService = nullptr;

already_AddRefed<Service> Service::getSingleton() {
  if (gService) {
    return do_AddRef(gService);
  }

  // The first reference to the storage service must be obtained on the
  // main thread.
  NS_ENSURE_TRUE(NS_IsMainThread(), nullptr);
  RefPtr<Service> service = new Service();
  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(service->initialize())) {
    // Note: This is cleared in the Service destructor.
    gService = service.get();
    return service.forget();
  }

  return nullptr;
}

int Service::AutoVFSRegistration::Init(UniquePtr<sqlite3_vfs> aVFS) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(!mVFS);
  if (aVFS) {
    mVFS = std::move(aVFS);
    return sqlite3_vfs_register(mVFS.get(), 0);
  }
  NS_WARNING("Failed to register VFS");
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

Service::AutoVFSRegistration::~AutoVFSRegistration() {
  if (mVFS) {
    int rc = sqlite3_vfs_unregister(mVFS.get());
    if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
      NS_WARNING("Failed to unregister sqlite vfs wrapper.");
    }
  }
}

Service::Service()
    : mMutex("Service::mMutex"),
      mRegistrationMutex("Service::mRegistrationMutex"),
      mLastSensitivity(mozilla::intl::Collator::Sensitivity::Base) {}

Service::~Service() {
  mozilla::UnregisterWeakMemoryReporter(this);
  mozilla::UnregisterStorageSQLiteDistinguishedAmount();

  gService = nullptr;
}

void Service::registerConnection(Connection* aConnection) {
  mRegistrationMutex.AssertNotCurrentThreadOwns();
  MutexAutoLock mutex(mRegistrationMutex);
  (void)mConnections.AppendElement(aConnection);
}

void Service::unregisterConnection(Connection* aConnection) {
  // If this is the last Connection it might be the only thing keeping Service
  // alive.  So ensure that Service is destroyed only after the Connection is
  // cleanly unregistered and destroyed.
  RefPtr<Service> kungFuDeathGrip(this);
  RefPtr<Connection> forgettingRef;
  {
    mRegistrationMutex.AssertNotCurrentThreadOwns();
    MutexAutoLock mutex(mRegistrationMutex);

    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < mConnections.Length(); ++i) {
      if (mConnections[i] == aConnection) {
        // Because dropping the final reference can potentially result in
        // spinning a nested event loop if the connection was not properly
        // shutdown, we want to do that outside this loop so that we can finish
        // mutating the array and drop our mutex.
        forgettingRef = std::move(mConnections[i]);
        mConnections.RemoveElementAt(i);
        break;
      }
    }
  }

  MOZ_ASSERT(forgettingRef,
             "Attempt to unregister unknown storage connection!");

  // Do not proxy the release anywhere, just let this reference drop here. (We
  // previously did proxy the release, but that was because we invoked Close()
  // in the destructor and Close() likes to complain if it's not invoked on the
  // opener event target, so it was essential that the last reference be dropped
  // on the opener event target.  We now enqueue Close() inside our caller,
  // Release(), so it doesn't actually matter what thread our reference drops
  // on.)
}

void Service::getConnections(
    /* inout */ nsTArray<RefPtr<Connection>>& aConnections) {
  mRegistrationMutex.AssertNotCurrentThreadOwns();
  MutexAutoLock mutex(mRegistrationMutex);
  aConnections.Clear();
  aConnections.AppendElements(mConnections);
}

void Service::minimizeMemory() {
  nsTArray<RefPtr<Connection>> connections;
  getConnections(connections);

  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < connections.Length(); i++) {
    RefPtr<Connection> conn = connections[i];
    // For non-main-thread owning/opening threads, we may be racing against them
    // closing their connection or their thread.  That's okay, see below.
    if (!conn->connectionReady()) {
      continue;
    }

    constexpr auto shrinkPragma = "PRAGMA shrink_memory"_ns;

    if (!conn->operationSupported(Connection::SYNCHRONOUS)) {
      // This is a mozIStorageAsyncConnection, it can only be used on the main
      // thread, so we can do a straight API call.
      nsCOMPtr<mozIStoragePendingStatement> ps;
      DebugOnly<nsresult> rv = conn->ExecuteSimpleSQLAsync(
          shrinkPragma, nullptr, getter_AddRefs(ps));
      MOZ_ASSERT(NS_SUCCEEDED(rv), "Should have purged sqlite caches");
    } else if (IsOnCurrentSerialEventTarget(conn->eventTargetOpenedOn)) {
      if (conn->isAsyncExecutionThreadAvailable()) {
        nsCOMPtr<mozIStoragePendingStatement> ps;
        DebugOnly<nsresult> rv = conn->ExecuteSimpleSQLAsync(
            shrinkPragma, nullptr, getter_AddRefs(ps));
        MOZ_ASSERT(NS_SUCCEEDED(rv), "Should have purged sqlite caches");
      } else {
        conn->ExecuteSimpleSQL(shrinkPragma);
      }
    } else {
      // We are on the wrong event target, the query should be executed on the
      // opener event target, so we must dispatch to it.
      // It's possible the connection is already closed or will be closed by the
      // time our runnable runs. ExecuteSimpleSQL will safely return with a
      // failure in that case. If the event target is shutting down or shut
      // down, the dispatch will fail and that's okay.
      nsCOMPtr<nsIRunnable> event = NewRunnableMethod<const nsCString>(
          "Connection::ExecuteSimpleSQL", conn, &Connection::ExecuteSimpleSQL,
          shrinkPragma);
      Unused << conn->eventTargetOpenedOn->Dispatch(event, NS_DISPATCH_NORMAL);
    }
  }
}

UniquePtr<sqlite3_vfs> ConstructReadOnlyNoLockVFS();

static const char* sObserverTopics[] = {"memory-pressure",
                                        "xpcom-shutdown-threads"};

nsresult Service::initialize() {
  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread(), "Must be initialized on the main thread");

  int rc = AutoSQLiteLifetime::getInitResult();
  if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
    return convertResultCode(rc);
  }

  /**
   *                    The virtual file system hierarchy
   *
   *                                 obfsvfs
   *                                    |
   *                                    |
   *                                    |
   *                                 quotavfs
   *                                   / \
   *                                 /     \
   *                               /         \
   *                             /             \
   *                           /                 \
   *                     base-vfs-excl        base-vfs
   *                          / \               / \
   *                        /     \           /     \
   *                      /         \       /         \
   *                 unix-excl     win32  unix       win32
   */

  rc = mBaseSqliteVFS.Init(basevfs::ConstructVFS(false));
  if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
    return convertResultCode(rc);
  }

  rc = mBaseExclSqliteVFS.Init(basevfs::ConstructVFS(true));
  if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
    return convertResultCode(rc);
  }

  rc = mQuotaSqliteVFS.Init(quotavfs::ConstructVFS(basevfs::GetVFSName(
      StaticPrefs::storage_sqlite_exclusiveLock_enabled())));
  if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
    return convertResultCode(rc);
  }

  rc =
      mObfuscatingSqliteVFS.Init(obfsvfs::ConstructVFS(quotavfs::GetVFSName()));
  if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
    return convertResultCode(rc);
  }

  rc = mReadOnlyNoLockSqliteVFS.Init(ConstructReadOnlyNoLockVFS());
  if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {
    return convertResultCode(rc);
  }

  nsCOMPtr<nsIObserverService> os = mozilla::services::GetObserverService();
  NS_ENSURE_TRUE(os, NS_ERROR_FAILURE);

  for (auto& sObserverTopic : sObserverTopics) {
    nsresult rv = os->AddObserver(this, sObserverTopic, false);
    if (NS_WARN_IF(NS_FAILED(rv))) {
      return rv;
    }
  }

  mozilla::RegisterWeakMemoryReporter(this);
  mozilla::RegisterStorageSQLiteDistinguishedAmount(
      StorageSQLiteDistinguishedAmount);

  return NS_OK;
}

int Service::localeCompareStrings(const nsAString& aStr1,
                                  const nsAString& aStr2,
                                  Collator::Sensitivity aSensitivity) {
  // The mozilla::intl::Collator is not thread safe, since the Collator::Options
  // can be changed.
  MutexAutoLock mutex(mMutex);

  Collator* collator = getCollator();
  if (!collator) {
    NS_ERROR("Storage service has no collation");
    return 0;
  }

  if (aSensitivity != mLastSensitivity) {
    Collator::Options options{};
    options.sensitivity = aSensitivity;
    auto result = mCollator->SetOptions(options);

    if (result.isErr()) {
      NS_WARNING("Could not configure the mozilla::intl::Collation.");
      return 0;
    }
    mLastSensitivity = aSensitivity;
  }

  return collator->CompareStrings(aStr1, aStr2);
}

Collator* Service::getCollator() {
  mMutex.AssertCurrentThreadOwns();

  if (mCollator) {
    return mCollator.get();
  }

  auto result = mozilla::intl::LocaleService::TryCreateComponent<Collator>();
  if (result.isErr()) {
    NS_WARNING("Could not create mozilla::intl::Collation.");
    return nullptr;
  }

  mCollator = result.unwrap();

  // Sort in a case-insensitive way, where "base" letters are considered
  // equal, e.g: a = á, a = A, a ≠ b.
  Collator::Options options{};
  options.sensitivity = Collator::Sensitivity::Base;
  auto optResult = mCollator->SetOptions(options);

  if (optResult.isErr()) {
    NS_WARNING("Could not configure the mozilla::intl::Collation.");
    mCollator = nullptr;
    return nullptr;
  }

  return mCollator.get();
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//// mozIStorageService

NS_IMETHODIMP
Service::OpenSpecialDatabase(const nsACString& aStorageKey,
                             const nsACString& aName, uint32_t aConnectionFlags,
                             mozIStorageConnection** _connection) {
  if (!aStorageKey.Equals(kMozStorageMemoryStorageKey)) {
    return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
  }

  const bool interruptible =
      aConnectionFlags & mozIStorageService::CONNECTION_INTERRUPTIBLE;

  int flags = SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE;

  if (!aName.IsEmpty()) {
    flags |= SQLITE_OPEN_URI;
  }

  RefPtr<Connection> msc =
      new Connection(this, flags, Connection::SYNCHRONOUS,
                     kMozStorageMemoryStorageKey, interruptible);
  const nsresult rv = msc->initialize(aStorageKey, aName);
  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);

  msc.forget(_connection);
  return NS_OK;
}

namespace {

class AsyncInitDatabase final : public Runnable {
 public:
  AsyncInitDatabase(Connection* aConnection, nsIFile* aStorageFile,
                    int32_t aGrowthIncrement,
                    mozIStorageCompletionCallback* aCallback)
      : Runnable("storage::AsyncInitDatabase"),
        mConnection(aConnection),
        mStorageFile(aStorageFile),
        mGrowthIncrement(aGrowthIncrement),
        mCallback(aCallback) {
    MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());
  }

  NS_IMETHOD Run() override {
    MOZ_ASSERT(!NS_IsMainThread());
    nsresult rv = mConnection->initializeOnAsyncThread(mStorageFile);
    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
      return DispatchResult(rv, nullptr);
    }

    if (mGrowthIncrement >= 0) {
      // Ignore errors. In the future, we might wish to log them.
      (void)mConnection->SetGrowthIncrement(mGrowthIncrement, ""_ns);
    }

    return DispatchResult(
        NS_OK, NS_ISUPPORTS_CAST(mozIStorageAsyncConnection*, mConnection));
  }

 private:
  nsresult DispatchResult(nsresult aStatus, nsISupports* aValue) {
    RefPtr<CallbackComplete> event =
        new CallbackComplete(aStatus, aValue, mCallback.forget());
    return NS_DispatchToMainThread(event);
  }

  ~AsyncInitDatabase() {
    NS_ReleaseOnMainThread("AsyncInitDatabase::mStorageFile",
                           mStorageFile.forget());
    NS_ReleaseOnMainThread("AsyncInitDatabase::mConnection",
                           mConnection.forget());

    // Generally, the callback will be released by CallbackComplete.
    // However, if for some reason Run() is not executed, we still
    // need to ensure that it is released here.
    NS_ReleaseOnMainThread("AsyncInitDatabase::mCallback", mCallback.forget());
  }

  RefPtr<Connection> mConnection;
  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> mStorageFile;
  int32_t mGrowthIncrement;
  RefPtr<mozIStorageCompletionCallback> mCallback;
};

}  // namespace

NS_IMETHODIMP
Service::OpenAsyncDatabase(nsIVariant* aDatabaseStore, uint32_t aOpenFlags,
                           uint32_t /* aConnectionFlags */,
                           mozIStorageCompletionCallback* aCallback) {
  if (!NS_IsMainThread()) {
    return NS_ERROR_NOT_SAME_THREAD;
  }
  NS_ENSURE_ARG(aDatabaseStore);
  NS_ENSURE_ARG(aCallback);

  const bool shared = aOpenFlags & mozIStorageService::OPEN_SHARED;
  const bool ignoreLockingMode =
      aOpenFlags & mozIStorageService::OPEN_IGNORE_LOCKING_MODE;
  // Specifying ignoreLockingMode will force use of the readOnly flag:
  const bool readOnly =
      ignoreLockingMode || (aOpenFlags & mozIStorageService::OPEN_READONLY);
  int flags = readOnly ? SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY : SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE;

  nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> storageFile;
  nsCOMPtr<nsISupports> dbStore;
  nsresult rv = aDatabaseStore->GetAsISupports(getter_AddRefs(dbStore));
  if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rv)) {
    // Generally, aDatabaseStore holds the database nsIFile.
    storageFile = do_QueryInterface(dbStore, &rv);
    if (NS_FAILED(rv)) {
      return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
    }

    nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> cloned;
    rv = storageFile->Clone(getter_AddRefs(cloned));
    MOZ_ASSERT(NS_SUCCEEDED(rv));
    storageFile = std::move(cloned);

    if (!readOnly) {
      // Ensure that SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE is passed in for compatibility reasons.
      flags |= SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE;
    }

    // Apply the shared-cache option.
    flags |= shared ? SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE : SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE;
  } else {
    // Sometimes, however, it's a special database name.
    nsAutoCString keyString;
    rv = aDatabaseStore->GetAsACString(keyString);
    if (NS_FAILED(rv) || !keyString.Equals(kMozStorageMemoryStorageKey)) {
      return NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG;
    }

    // Just fall through with nullptr storageFile, this will cause the storage
    // connection to use a memory DB.
  }

  // Create connection on this thread, but initialize it on its helper thread.
  nsAutoCString telemetryFilename;
  if (!storageFile) {
    telemetryFilename.Assign(kMozStorageMemoryStorageKey);
  } else {
    rv = storageFile->GetNativeLeafName(telemetryFilename);
    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
  }
  RefPtr<Connection> msc =
      new Connection(this, flags, Connection::ASYNCHRONOUS, telemetryFilename,
                     /* interruptible */ true, ignoreLockingMode);
  nsCOMPtr<nsIEventTarget> target = msc->getAsyncExecutionTarget();
  MOZ_ASSERT(target,
             "Cannot initialize a connection that has been closed already");

  RefPtr<AsyncInitDatabase> asyncInit = new AsyncInitDatabase(
      msc, storageFile, /* growthIncrement */ -1, aCallback);
  return target->Dispatch(asyncInit, nsIEventTarget::DISPATCH_NORMAL);
}

NS_IMETHODIMP
Service::OpenDatabase(nsIFile* aDatabaseFile, uint32_t aConnectionFlags,
                      mozIStorageConnection** _connection) {
  NS_ENSURE_ARG(aDatabaseFile);

  const bool interruptible =
      aConnectionFlags & mozIStorageService::CONNECTION_INTERRUPTIBLE;

  // Always ensure that SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE is passed in for compatibility
  // reasons.
  const int flags =
      SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE | SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE | SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE;
  nsAutoCString telemetryFilename;
  nsresult rv = aDatabaseFile->GetNativeLeafName(telemetryFilename);
  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
  RefPtr<Connection> msc = new Connection(this, flags, Connection::SYNCHRONOUS,
                                          telemetryFilename, interruptible);
  rv = msc->initialize(aDatabaseFile);
  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);

  msc.forget(_connection);
  return NS_OK;
}

NS_IMETHODIMP
Service::OpenUnsharedDatabase(nsIFile* aDatabaseFile, uint32_t aConnectionFlags,
                              mozIStorageConnection** _connection) {
  NS_ENSURE_ARG(aDatabaseFile);

  const bool interruptible =
      aConnectionFlags & mozIStorageService::CONNECTION_INTERRUPTIBLE;

  // Always ensure that SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE is passed in for compatibility
  // reasons.
  const int flags =
      SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE | SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE | SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE;
  nsAutoCString telemetryFilename;
  nsresult rv = aDatabaseFile->GetNativeLeafName(telemetryFilename);
  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
  RefPtr<Connection> msc = new Connection(this, flags, Connection::SYNCHRONOUS,
                                          telemetryFilename, interruptible);
  rv = msc->initialize(aDatabaseFile);
  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);

  msc.forget(_connection);
  return NS_OK;
}

NS_IMETHODIMP
Service::OpenDatabaseWithFileURL(nsIFileURL* aFileURL,
                                 const nsACString& aTelemetryFilename,
                                 uint32_t aConnectionFlags,
                                 mozIStorageConnection** _connection) {
  NS_ENSURE_ARG(aFileURL);

  const bool interruptible =
      aConnectionFlags & mozIStorageService::CONNECTION_INTERRUPTIBLE;

  // Always ensure that SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE is passed in for compatibility
  // reasons.
  const int flags = SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE | SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE |
                    SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE | SQLITE_OPEN_URI;
  nsresult rv;
  nsAutoCString telemetryFilename;
  if (!aTelemetryFilename.IsEmpty()) {
    telemetryFilename = aTelemetryFilename;
  } else {
    nsCOMPtr<nsIFile> databaseFile;
    rv = aFileURL->GetFile(getter_AddRefs(databaseFile));
    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
    rv = databaseFile->GetNativeLeafName(telemetryFilename);
    NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);
  }
  RefPtr<Connection> msc = new Connection(this, flags, Connection::SYNCHRONOUS,
                                          telemetryFilename, interruptible);
  rv = msc->initialize(aFileURL);
  NS_ENSURE_SUCCESS(rv, rv);

  msc.forget(_connection);
  return NS_OK;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//// nsIObserver

NS_IMETHODIMP
Service::Observe(nsISupports*, const char* aTopic, const char16_t*) {
  if (strcmp(aTopic, "memory-pressure") == 0) {
    minimizeMemory();
  } else if (strcmp(aTopic, "xpcom-shutdown-threads") == 0) {
    // The Service is kept alive by our strong observer references and
    // references held by Connection instances.  Since we're about to remove the
    // former and then wait for the latter ones to go away, it behooves us to
    // hold a strong reference to ourselves so our calls to getConnections() do
    // not happen on a deleted object.
    RefPtr<Service> kungFuDeathGrip = this;

    nsCOMPtr<nsIObserverService> os = mozilla::services::GetObserverService();

    for (auto& sObserverTopic : sObserverTopics) {
      (void)os->RemoveObserver(this, sObserverTopic);
    }

    SpinEventLoopUntil("storage::Service::Observe(xpcom-shutdown-threads)"_ns,
                       [&]() -> bool {
                         // We must wait until all the closing connections are
                         // closed.
                         nsTArray<RefPtr<Connection>> connections;
                         getConnections(connections);
                         for (auto& conn : connections) {
                           if (conn->isClosing()) {
                             return false;
                           }
                         }
                         return true;
                       });

#ifdef DEBUG
    nsTArray<RefPtr<Connection>> connections;
    getConnections(connections);
    for (uint32_t i = 0, n = connections.Length(); i < n; i++) {
      if (!connections[i]->isClosed()) {
        // getFilename is only the leaf name for the database file,
        // so it shouldn't contain privacy-sensitive information.
        CrashReporter::RecordAnnotationNSCString(
            CrashReporter::Annotation::StorageConnectionNotClosed,
            connections[i]->getFilename());
        printf_stderr("Storage connection not closed: %s",
                      connections[i]->getFilename().get());
        MOZ_CRASH();
      }
    }
#endif
  }

  return NS_OK;
}

}  // namespace mozilla::storage