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+// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+// This example demonstrates a priority queue built using the heap interface.
+package heap_test
+
+import (
+ "container/heap"
+ "fmt"
+)
+
+// An Item is something we manage in a priority queue.
+type Item struct {
+ value string // The value of the item; arbitrary.
+ priority int // The priority of the item in the queue.
+ // The index is needed by update and is maintained by the heap.Interface methods.
+ index int // The index of the item in the heap.
+}
+
+// A PriorityQueue implements heap.Interface and holds Items.
+type PriorityQueue []*Item
+
+func (pq PriorityQueue) Len() int { return len(pq) }
+
+func (pq PriorityQueue) Less(i, j int) bool {
+ // We want Pop to give us the highest, not lowest, priority so we use greater than here.
+ return pq[i].priority > pq[j].priority
+}
+
+func (pq PriorityQueue) Swap(i, j int) {
+ pq[i], pq[j] = pq[j], pq[i]
+ pq[i].index = i
+ pq[j].index = j
+}
+
+func (pq *PriorityQueue) Push(x any) {
+ n := len(*pq)
+ item := x.(*Item)
+ item.index = n
+ *pq = append(*pq, item)
+}
+
+func (pq *PriorityQueue) Pop() any {
+ old := *pq
+ n := len(old)
+ item := old[n-1]
+ old[n-1] = nil // avoid memory leak
+ item.index = -1 // for safety
+ *pq = old[0 : n-1]
+ return item
+}
+
+// update modifies the priority and value of an Item in the queue.
+func (pq *PriorityQueue) update(item *Item, value string, priority int) {
+ item.value = value
+ item.priority = priority
+ heap.Fix(pq, item.index)
+}
+
+// This example creates a PriorityQueue with some items, adds and manipulates an item,
+// and then removes the items in priority order.
+func Example_priorityQueue() {
+ // Some items and their priorities.
+ items := map[string]int{
+ "banana": 3, "apple": 2, "pear": 4,
+ }
+
+ // Create a priority queue, put the items in it, and
+ // establish the priority queue (heap) invariants.
+ pq := make(PriorityQueue, len(items))
+ i := 0
+ for value, priority := range items {
+ pq[i] = &Item{
+ value: value,
+ priority: priority,
+ index: i,
+ }
+ i++
+ }
+ heap.Init(&pq)
+
+ // Insert a new item and then modify its priority.
+ item := &Item{
+ value: "orange",
+ priority: 1,
+ }
+ heap.Push(&pq, item)
+ pq.update(item, item.value, 5)
+
+ // Take the items out; they arrive in decreasing priority order.
+ for pq.Len() > 0 {
+ item := heap.Pop(&pq).(*Item)
+ fmt.Printf("%.2d:%s ", item.priority, item.value)
+ }
+ // Output:
+ // 05:orange 04:pear 03:banana 02:apple
+}