1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
|
// errorcheck -0 -l -d=wb
// Copyright 2015 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
// Test where write barriers are and are not emitted.
package p
import "unsafe"
func f(x **byte, y *byte) {
*x = y // no barrier (dead store)
z := y // no barrier
*x = z // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f1(x *[]byte, y []byte) {
*x = y // no barrier (dead store)
z := y // no barrier
*x = z // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f1a(x *[]byte, y *[]byte) {
*x = *y // ERROR "write barrier"
z := *y // no barrier
*x = z // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f2(x *interface{}, y interface{}) {
*x = y // no barrier (dead store)
z := y // no barrier
*x = z // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f2a(x *interface{}, y *interface{}) {
*x = *y // no barrier (dead store)
z := y // no barrier
*x = z // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f3(x *string, y string) {
*x = y // no barrier (dead store)
z := y // no barrier
*x = z // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f3a(x *string, y *string) {
*x = *y // ERROR "write barrier"
z := *y // no barrier
*x = z // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f4(x *[2]string, y [2]string) {
*x = y // ERROR "write barrier"
z := y // no barrier
*x = z // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f4a(x *[2]string, y *[2]string) {
*x = *y // ERROR "write barrier"
z := *y // no barrier
*x = z // ERROR "write barrier"
}
type T struct {
X *int
Y int
M map[int]int
}
func f5(t, u *T) {
t.X = &u.Y // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f6(t *T) {
t.M = map[int]int{1: 2} // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f7(x, y *int) []*int {
var z [3]*int
i := 0
z[i] = x // ERROR "write barrier"
i++
z[i] = y // ERROR "write barrier"
i++
return z[:i]
}
func f9(x *interface{}, v *byte) {
*x = v // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f10(x *byte, f func(interface{})) {
f(x)
}
func f11(x *unsafe.Pointer, y unsafe.Pointer) {
*x = unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(y) + 1) // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f12(x []*int, y *int) []*int {
// write barrier for storing y in x's underlying array
x = append(x, y) // ERROR "write barrier"
return x
}
func f12a(x []int, y int) []int {
// y not a pointer, so no write barriers in this function
x = append(x, y)
return x
}
func f13(x []int, y *[]int) {
*y = append(x, 1) // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f14(y *[]int) {
*y = append(*y, 1) // ERROR "write barrier"
}
type T1 struct {
X *int
}
func f15(x []T1, y T1) []T1 {
return append(x, y) // ERROR "write barrier"
}
type T8 struct {
X [8]*int
}
func f16(x []T8, y T8) []T8 {
return append(x, y) // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func t1(i interface{}) **int {
// From issue 14306, make sure we have write barriers in a type switch
// where the assigned variable escapes.
switch x := i.(type) {
case *int: // ERROR "write barrier"
return &x
}
switch y := i.(type) {
case **int: // no write barrier here
return y
}
return nil
}
type T17 struct {
f func(*T17)
}
func f17(x *T17) {
// Originally from golang.org/issue/13901, but the hybrid
// barrier requires both to have barriers.
x.f = f17 // ERROR "write barrier"
x.f = func(y *T17) { *y = *x } // ERROR "write barrier"
}
type T18 struct {
a []int
s string
}
func f18(p *T18, x *[]int) {
p.a = p.a[:5] // no barrier
*x = (*x)[0:5] // no barrier
p.a = p.a[3:5] // ERROR "write barrier"
p.a = p.a[1:2:3] // ERROR "write barrier"
p.s = p.s[8:9] // ERROR "write barrier"
*x = (*x)[3:5] // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f19(x, y *int, i int) int {
// Constructing a temporary slice on the stack should not
// require any write barriers. See issue 14263.
a := []*int{x, y} // no barrier
return *a[i]
}
func f20(x, y *int, i int) []*int {
// ... but if that temporary slice escapes, then the
// write barriers are necessary.
a := []*int{x, y} // ERROR "write barrier"
return a
}
var x21 *int
var y21 struct {
x *int
}
var z21 int
// f21x: Global -> heap pointer updates must have write barriers.
func f21a(x *int) {
x21 = x // ERROR "write barrier"
y21.x = x // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f21b(x *int) {
x21 = &z21 // ERROR "write barrier"
y21.x = &z21 // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f21c(x *int) {
y21 = struct{ x *int }{x} // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f22(x *int) (y *int) {
// pointer write on stack should have no write barrier.
// this is a case that the frontend failed to eliminate.
p := &y
*p = x // no barrier
return
}
type T23 struct {
p *int
a int
}
var t23 T23
var i23 int
// f23x: zeroing global needs write barrier for the hybrid barrier.
func f23a() {
t23 = T23{} // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f23b() {
// also test partial assignments
t23 = T23{a: 1} // ERROR "write barrier"
}
func f23c() {
t23 = T23{} // no barrier (dead store)
// also test partial assignments
t23 = T23{p: &i23} // ERROR "write barrier"
}
var g int
func f24() **int {
p := new(*int)
*p = &g // no write barrier here
return p
}
func f25() []string {
return []string{"abc", "def", "ghi"} // no write barrier here
}
type T26 struct {
a, b, c int
d, e, f *int
}
var g26 int
func f26(p *int) *T26 { // see issue 29573
return &T26{
a: 5,
b: 6,
c: 7,
d: &g26, // no write barrier: global ptr
e: nil, // no write barrier: nil ptr
f: p, // ERROR "write barrier"
}
}
func f27(p *int) []interface{} {
return []interface{}{
nil, // no write barrier: zeroed memory, nil ptr
(*T26)(nil), // no write barrier: zeroed memory, type ptr & nil ptr
&g26, // no write barrier: zeroed memory, type ptr & global ptr
7, // no write barrier: zeroed memory, type ptr & global ptr
p, // ERROR "write barrier"
}
}
var g28 [256]uint64
func f28() []interface{} {
return []interface{}{
false, // no write barrier
true, // no write barrier
0, // no write barrier
1, // no write barrier
uint8(127), // no write barrier
int8(-4), // no write barrier
&g28[5], // no write barrier
}
}
|
