Adding upstream version 1.22.1.upstream/1.22.1

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 2211 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/net/url/url_test.go b/src/net/url/url_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4aa20bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/net/url/url_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,2211 @@
+// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package url
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	encodingPkg "encoding"
+	"encoding/gob"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+type URLTest struct {
+	in        string
+	out       *URL   // expected parse
+	roundtrip string // expected result of reserializing the URL; empty means same as "in".
+}
+
+var urltests = []URLTest{
+	// no path
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "www.google.com",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// path
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "www.google.com",
+			Path:   "/",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// path with hex escaping
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/file%20one%26two",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:  "http",
+			Host:    "www.google.com",
+			Path:    "/file one&two",
+			RawPath: "/file%20one%26two",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// fragment with hex escaping
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/#file%20one%26two",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:      "http",
+			Host:        "www.google.com",
+			Path:        "/",
+			Fragment:    "file one&two",
+			RawFragment: "file%20one%26two",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// user
+	{
+		"ftp://webmaster@www.google.com/",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "ftp",
+			User:   User("webmaster"),
+			Host:   "www.google.com",
+			Path:   "/",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// escape sequence in username
+	{
+		"ftp://john%20doe@www.google.com/",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "ftp",
+			User:   User("john doe"),
+			Host:   "www.google.com",
+			Path:   "/",
+		},
+		"ftp://john%20doe@www.google.com/",
+	},
+	// empty query
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/?",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:     "http",
+			Host:       "www.google.com",
+			Path:       "/",
+			ForceQuery: true,
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// query ending in question mark (Issue 14573)
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/?foo=bar?",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "www.google.com",
+			Path:     "/",
+			RawQuery: "foo=bar?",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// query
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/?q=go+language",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "www.google.com",
+			Path:     "/",
+			RawQuery: "q=go+language",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// query with hex escaping: NOT parsed
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/?q=go%20language",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "www.google.com",
+			Path:     "/",
+			RawQuery: "q=go%20language",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// %20 outside query
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/a%20b?q=c+d",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "www.google.com",
+			Path:     "/a b",
+			RawQuery: "q=c+d",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// path without leading /, so no parsing
+	{
+		"http:www.google.com/?q=go+language",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Opaque:   "www.google.com/",
+			RawQuery: "q=go+language",
+		},
+		"http:www.google.com/?q=go+language",
+	},
+	// path without leading /, so no parsing
+	{
+		"http:%2f%2fwww.google.com/?q=go+language",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Opaque:   "%2f%2fwww.google.com/",
+			RawQuery: "q=go+language",
+		},
+		"http:%2f%2fwww.google.com/?q=go+language",
+	},
+	// non-authority with path; see golang.org/issue/46059
+	{
+		"mailto:/webmaster@golang.org",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "mailto",
+			Path:     "/webmaster@golang.org",
+			OmitHost: true,
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// non-authority
+	{
+		"mailto:webmaster@golang.org",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "mailto",
+			Opaque: "webmaster@golang.org",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// unescaped :// in query should not create a scheme
+	{
+		"/foo?query=http://bad",
+		&URL{
+			Path:     "/foo",
+			RawQuery: "query=http://bad",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// leading // without scheme should create an authority
+	{
+		"//foo",
+		&URL{
+			Host: "foo",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// leading // without scheme, with userinfo, path, and query
+	{
+		"//user@foo/path?a=b",
+		&URL{
+			User:     User("user"),
+			Host:     "foo",
+			Path:     "/path",
+			RawQuery: "a=b",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// Three leading slashes isn't an authority, but doesn't return an error.
+	// (We can't return an error, as this code is also used via
+	// ServeHTTP -> ReadRequest -> Parse, which is arguably a
+	// different URL parsing context, but currently shares the
+	// same codepath)
+	{
+		"///threeslashes",
+		&URL{
+			Path: "///threeslashes",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	{
+		"http://user:password@google.com",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			User:   UserPassword("user", "password"),
+			Host:   "google.com",
+		},
+		"http://user:password@google.com",
+	},
+	// unescaped @ in username should not confuse host
+	{
+		"http://j@ne:password@google.com",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			User:   UserPassword("j@ne", "password"),
+			Host:   "google.com",
+		},
+		"http://j%40ne:password@google.com",
+	},
+	// unescaped @ in password should not confuse host
+	{
+		"http://jane:p@ssword@google.com",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			User:   UserPassword("jane", "p@ssword"),
+			Host:   "google.com",
+		},
+		"http://jane:p%40ssword@google.com",
+	},
+	{
+		"http://j@ne:password@google.com/p@th?q=@go",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			User:     UserPassword("j@ne", "password"),
+			Host:     "google.com",
+			Path:     "/p@th",
+			RawQuery: "q=@go",
+		},
+		"http://j%40ne:password@google.com/p@th?q=@go",
+	},
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/?q=go+language#foo",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "www.google.com",
+			Path:     "/",
+			RawQuery: "q=go+language",
+			Fragment: "foo",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/?q=go+language#foo&bar",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "www.google.com",
+			Path:     "/",
+			RawQuery: "q=go+language",
+			Fragment: "foo&bar",
+		},
+		"http://www.google.com/?q=go+language#foo&bar",
+	},
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/?q=go+language#foo%26bar",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:      "http",
+			Host:        "www.google.com",
+			Path:        "/",
+			RawQuery:    "q=go+language",
+			Fragment:    "foo&bar",
+			RawFragment: "foo%26bar",
+		},
+		"http://www.google.com/?q=go+language#foo%26bar",
+	},
+	{
+		"file:///home/adg/rabbits",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "file",
+			Host:   "",
+			Path:   "/home/adg/rabbits",
+		},
+		"file:///home/adg/rabbits",
+	},
+	// "Windows" paths are no exception to the rule.
+	// See golang.org/issue/6027, especially comment #9.
+	{
+		"file:///C:/FooBar/Baz.txt",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "file",
+			Host:   "",
+			Path:   "/C:/FooBar/Baz.txt",
+		},
+		"file:///C:/FooBar/Baz.txt",
+	},
+	// case-insensitive scheme
+	{
+		"MaIlTo:webmaster@golang.org",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "mailto",
+			Opaque: "webmaster@golang.org",
+		},
+		"mailto:webmaster@golang.org",
+	},
+	// Relative path
+	{
+		"a/b/c",
+		&URL{
+			Path: "a/b/c",
+		},
+		"a/b/c",
+	},
+	// escaped '?' in username and password
+	{
+		"http://%3Fam:pa%3Fsword@google.com",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			User:   UserPassword("?am", "pa?sword"),
+			Host:   "google.com",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// host subcomponent; IPv4 address in RFC 3986
+	{
+		"http://192.168.0.1/",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "192.168.0.1",
+			Path:   "/",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// host and port subcomponents; IPv4 address in RFC 3986
+	{
+		"http://192.168.0.1:8080/",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "192.168.0.1:8080",
+			Path:   "/",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// host subcomponent; IPv6 address in RFC 3986
+	{
+		"http://[fe80::1]/",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "[fe80::1]",
+			Path:   "/",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// host and port subcomponents; IPv6 address in RFC 3986
+	{
+		"http://[fe80::1]:8080/",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "[fe80::1]:8080",
+			Path:   "/",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// host subcomponent; IPv6 address with zone identifier in RFC 6874
+	{
+		"http://[fe80::1%25en0]/", // alphanum zone identifier
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "[fe80::1%en0]",
+			Path:   "/",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// host and port subcomponents; IPv6 address with zone identifier in RFC 6874
+	{
+		"http://[fe80::1%25en0]:8080/", // alphanum zone identifier
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "[fe80::1%en0]:8080",
+			Path:   "/",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// host subcomponent; IPv6 address with zone identifier in RFC 6874
+	{
+		"http://[fe80::1%25%65%6e%301-._~]/", // percent-encoded+unreserved zone identifier
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "[fe80::1%en01-._~]",
+			Path:   "/",
+		},
+		"http://[fe80::1%25en01-._~]/",
+	},
+	// host and port subcomponents; IPv6 address with zone identifier in RFC 6874
+	{
+		"http://[fe80::1%25%65%6e%301-._~]:8080/", // percent-encoded+unreserved zone identifier
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "[fe80::1%en01-._~]:8080",
+			Path:   "/",
+		},
+		"http://[fe80::1%25en01-._~]:8080/",
+	},
+	// alternate escapings of path survive round trip
+	{
+		"http://rest.rsc.io/foo%2fbar/baz%2Fquux?alt=media",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "rest.rsc.io",
+			Path:     "/foo/bar/baz/quux",
+			RawPath:  "/foo%2fbar/baz%2Fquux",
+			RawQuery: "alt=media",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// issue 12036
+	{
+		"mysql://a,b,c/bar",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "mysql",
+			Host:   "a,b,c",
+			Path:   "/bar",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// worst case host, still round trips
+	{
+		"scheme://!$&'()*+,;=hello!:1/path",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "scheme",
+			Host:   "!$&'()*+,;=hello!:1",
+			Path:   "/path",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// worst case path, still round trips
+	{
+		"http://host/!$&'()*+,;=:@[hello]",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:  "http",
+			Host:    "host",
+			Path:    "/!$&'()*+,;=:@[hello]",
+			RawPath: "/!$&'()*+,;=:@[hello]",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// golang.org/issue/5684
+	{
+		"http://example.com/oid/[order_id]",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:  "http",
+			Host:    "example.com",
+			Path:    "/oid/[order_id]",
+			RawPath: "/oid/[order_id]",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// golang.org/issue/12200 (colon with empty port)
+	{
+		"http://192.168.0.2:8080/foo",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "192.168.0.2:8080",
+			Path:   "/foo",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	{
+		"http://192.168.0.2:/foo",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "192.168.0.2:",
+			Path:   "/foo",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	{
+		// Malformed IPv6 but still accepted.
+		"http://2b01:e34:ef40:7730:8e70:5aff:fefe:edac:8080/foo",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "2b01:e34:ef40:7730:8e70:5aff:fefe:edac:8080",
+			Path:   "/foo",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	{
+		// Malformed IPv6 but still accepted.
+		"http://2b01:e34:ef40:7730:8e70:5aff:fefe:edac:/foo",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "2b01:e34:ef40:7730:8e70:5aff:fefe:edac:",
+			Path:   "/foo",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	{
+		"http://[2b01:e34:ef40:7730:8e70:5aff:fefe:edac]:8080/foo",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "[2b01:e34:ef40:7730:8e70:5aff:fefe:edac]:8080",
+			Path:   "/foo",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	{
+		"http://[2b01:e34:ef40:7730:8e70:5aff:fefe:edac]:/foo",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "[2b01:e34:ef40:7730:8e70:5aff:fefe:edac]:",
+			Path:   "/foo",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// golang.org/issue/7991 and golang.org/issue/12719 (non-ascii %-encoded in host)
+	{
+		"http://hello.世界.com/foo",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "hello.世界.com",
+			Path:   "/foo",
+		},
+		"http://hello.%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C.com/foo",
+	},
+	{
+		"http://hello.%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c.com/foo",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "hello.世界.com",
+			Path:   "/foo",
+		},
+		"http://hello.%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C.com/foo",
+	},
+	{
+		"http://hello.%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C.com/foo",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "hello.世界.com",
+			Path:   "/foo",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// golang.org/issue/10433 (path beginning with //)
+	{
+		"http://example.com//foo",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "example.com",
+			Path:   "//foo",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// test that we can reparse the host names we accept.
+	{
+		"myscheme://authority<\"hi\">/foo",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "myscheme",
+			Host:   "authority<\"hi\">",
+			Path:   "/foo",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// spaces in hosts are disallowed but escaped spaces in IPv6 scope IDs are grudgingly OK.
+	// This happens on Windows.
+	// golang.org/issue/14002
+	{
+		"tcp://[2020::2020:20:2020:2020%25Windows%20Loves%20Spaces]:2020",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "tcp",
+			Host:   "[2020::2020:20:2020:2020%Windows Loves Spaces]:2020",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// test we can roundtrip magnet url
+	// fix issue https://golang.org/issue/20054
+	{
+		"magnet:?xt=urn:btih:c12fe1c06bba254a9dc9f519b335aa7c1367a88a&dn",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "magnet",
+			Host:     "",
+			Path:     "",
+			RawQuery: "xt=urn:btih:c12fe1c06bba254a9dc9f519b335aa7c1367a88a&dn",
+		},
+		"magnet:?xt=urn:btih:c12fe1c06bba254a9dc9f519b335aa7c1367a88a&dn",
+	},
+	{
+		"mailto:?subject=hi",
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "mailto",
+			Host:     "",
+			Path:     "",
+			RawQuery: "subject=hi",
+		},
+		"mailto:?subject=hi",
+	},
+}
+
+// more useful string for debugging than fmt's struct printer
+func ufmt(u *URL) string {
+	var user, pass any
+	if u.User != nil {
+		user = u.User.Username()
+		if p, ok := u.User.Password(); ok {
+			pass = p
+		}
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("opaque=%q, scheme=%q, user=%#v, pass=%#v, host=%q, path=%q, rawpath=%q, rawq=%q, frag=%q, rawfrag=%q, forcequery=%v, omithost=%t",
+		u.Opaque, u.Scheme, user, pass, u.Host, u.Path, u.RawPath, u.RawQuery, u.Fragment, u.RawFragment, u.ForceQuery, u.OmitHost)
+}
+
+func BenchmarkString(b *testing.B) {
+	b.StopTimer()
+	b.ReportAllocs()
+	for _, tt := range urltests {
+		u, err := Parse(tt.in)
+		if err != nil {
+			b.Errorf("Parse(%q) returned error %s", tt.in, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		if tt.roundtrip == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		b.StartTimer()
+		var g string
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			g = u.String()
+		}
+		b.StopTimer()
+		if w := tt.roundtrip; b.N > 0 && g != w {
+			b.Errorf("Parse(%q).String() == %q, want %q", tt.in, g, w)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParse(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tt := range urltests {
+		u, err := Parse(tt.in)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Parse(%q) returned error %v", tt.in, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		if !reflect.DeepEqual(u, tt.out) {
+			t.Errorf("Parse(%q):\n\tgot  %v\n\twant %v\n", tt.in, ufmt(u), ufmt(tt.out))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+const pathThatLooksSchemeRelative = "//not.a.user@not.a.host/just/a/path"
+
+var parseRequestURLTests = []struct {
+	url           string
+	expectedValid bool
+}{
+	{"http://foo.com", true},
+	{"http://foo.com/", true},
+	{"http://foo.com/path", true},
+	{"/", true},
+	{pathThatLooksSchemeRelative, true},
+	{"//not.a.user@%66%6f%6f.com/just/a/path/also", true},
+	{"*", true},
+	{"http://192.168.0.1/", true},
+	{"http://192.168.0.1:8080/", true},
+	{"http://[fe80::1]/", true},
+	{"http://[fe80::1]:8080/", true},
+
+	// Tests exercising RFC 6874 compliance:
+	{"http://[fe80::1%25en0]/", true},                 // with alphanum zone identifier
+	{"http://[fe80::1%25en0]:8080/", true},            // with alphanum zone identifier
+	{"http://[fe80::1%25%65%6e%301-._~]/", true},      // with percent-encoded+unreserved zone identifier
+	{"http://[fe80::1%25%65%6e%301-._~]:8080/", true}, // with percent-encoded+unreserved zone identifier
+
+	{"foo.html", false},
+	{"../dir/", false},
+	{" http://foo.com", false},
+	{"http://192.168.0.%31/", false},
+	{"http://192.168.0.%31:8080/", false},
+	{"http://[fe80::%31]/", false},
+	{"http://[fe80::%31]:8080/", false},
+	{"http://[fe80::%31%25en0]/", false},
+	{"http://[fe80::%31%25en0]:8080/", false},
+
+	// These two cases are valid as textual representations as
+	// described in RFC 4007, but are not valid as address
+	// literals with IPv6 zone identifiers in URIs as described in
+	// RFC 6874.
+	{"http://[fe80::1%en0]/", false},
+	{"http://[fe80::1%en0]:8080/", false},
+}
+
+func TestParseRequestURI(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, test := range parseRequestURLTests {
+		_, err := ParseRequestURI(test.url)
+		if test.expectedValid && err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("ParseRequestURI(%q) gave err %v; want no error", test.url, err)
+		} else if !test.expectedValid && err == nil {
+			t.Errorf("ParseRequestURI(%q) gave nil error; want some error", test.url)
+		}
+	}
+
+	url, err := ParseRequestURI(pathThatLooksSchemeRelative)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error %v", err)
+	}
+	if url.Path != pathThatLooksSchemeRelative {
+		t.Errorf("ParseRequestURI path:\ngot  %q\nwant %q", url.Path, pathThatLooksSchemeRelative)
+	}
+}
+
+var stringURLTests = []struct {
+	url  URL
+	want string
+}{
+	// No leading slash on path should prepend slash on String() call
+	{
+		url: URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "www.google.com",
+			Path:   "search",
+		},
+		want: "http://www.google.com/search",
+	},
+	// Relative path with first element containing ":" should be prepended with "./", golang.org/issue/17184
+	{
+		url: URL{
+			Path: "this:that",
+		},
+		want: "./this:that",
+	},
+	// Relative path with second element containing ":" should not be prepended with "./"
+	{
+		url: URL{
+			Path: "here/this:that",
+		},
+		want: "here/this:that",
+	},
+	// Non-relative path with first element containing ":" should not be prepended with "./"
+	{
+		url: URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "www.google.com",
+			Path:   "this:that",
+		},
+		want: "http://www.google.com/this:that",
+	},
+}
+
+func TestURLString(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tt := range urltests {
+		u, err := Parse(tt.in)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Parse(%q) returned error %s", tt.in, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		expected := tt.in
+		if tt.roundtrip != "" {
+			expected = tt.roundtrip
+		}
+		s := u.String()
+		if s != expected {
+			t.Errorf("Parse(%q).String() == %q (expected %q)", tt.in, s, expected)
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range stringURLTests {
+		if got := tt.url.String(); got != tt.want {
+			t.Errorf("%+v.String() = %q; want %q", tt.url, got, tt.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestURLRedacted(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name string
+		url  *URL
+		want string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "non-blank Password",
+			url: &URL{
+				Scheme: "http",
+				Host:   "host.tld",
+				Path:   "this:that",
+				User:   UserPassword("user", "password"),
+			},
+			want: "http://user:xxxxx@host.tld/this:that",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "blank Password",
+			url: &URL{
+				Scheme: "http",
+				Host:   "host.tld",
+				Path:   "this:that",
+				User:   User("user"),
+			},
+			want: "http://user@host.tld/this:that",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "nil User",
+			url: &URL{
+				Scheme: "http",
+				Host:   "host.tld",
+				Path:   "this:that",
+				User:   UserPassword("", "password"),
+			},
+			want: "http://:xxxxx@host.tld/this:that",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "blank Username, blank Password",
+			url: &URL{
+				Scheme: "http",
+				Host:   "host.tld",
+				Path:   "this:that",
+			},
+			want: "http://host.tld/this:that",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "empty URL",
+			url:  &URL{},
+			want: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "nil URL",
+			url:  nil,
+			want: "",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range cases {
+		t := t
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if g, w := tt.url.Redacted(), tt.want; g != w {
+				t.Fatalf("got: %q\nwant: %q", g, w)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+type EscapeTest struct {
+	in  string
+	out string
+	err error
+}
+
+var unescapeTests = []EscapeTest{
+	{
+		"",
+		"",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"abc",
+		"abc",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"1%41",
+		"1A",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"1%41%42%43",
+		"1ABC",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"%4a",
+		"J",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"%6F",
+		"o",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"%", // not enough characters after %
+		"",
+		EscapeError("%"),
+	},
+	{
+		"%a", // not enough characters after %
+		"",
+		EscapeError("%a"),
+	},
+	{
+		"%1", // not enough characters after %
+		"",
+		EscapeError("%1"),
+	},
+	{
+		"123%45%6", // not enough characters after %
+		"",
+		EscapeError("%6"),
+	},
+	{
+		"%zzzzz", // invalid hex digits
+		"",
+		EscapeError("%zz"),
+	},
+	{
+		"a+b",
+		"a b",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"a%20b",
+		"a b",
+		nil,
+	},
+}
+
+func TestUnescape(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tt := range unescapeTests {
+		actual, err := QueryUnescape(tt.in)
+		if actual != tt.out || (err != nil) != (tt.err != nil) {
+			t.Errorf("QueryUnescape(%q) = %q, %s; want %q, %s", tt.in, actual, err, tt.out, tt.err)
+		}
+
+		in := tt.in
+		out := tt.out
+		if strings.Contains(tt.in, "+") {
+			in = strings.ReplaceAll(tt.in, "+", "%20")
+			actual, err := PathUnescape(in)
+			if actual != tt.out || (err != nil) != (tt.err != nil) {
+				t.Errorf("PathUnescape(%q) = %q, %s; want %q, %s", in, actual, err, tt.out, tt.err)
+			}
+			if tt.err == nil {
+				s, err := QueryUnescape(strings.ReplaceAll(tt.in, "+", "XXX"))
+				if err != nil {
+					continue
+				}
+				in = tt.in
+				out = strings.ReplaceAll(s, "XXX", "+")
+			}
+		}
+
+		actual, err = PathUnescape(in)
+		if actual != out || (err != nil) != (tt.err != nil) {
+			t.Errorf("PathUnescape(%q) = %q, %s; want %q, %s", in, actual, err, out, tt.err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+var queryEscapeTests = []EscapeTest{
+	{
+		"",
+		"",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"abc",
+		"abc",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"one two",
+		"one+two",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"10%",
+		"10%25",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		" ?&=#+%!<>#\"{}|\\^[]`☺\t:/@$'()*,;",
+		"+%3F%26%3D%23%2B%25%21%3C%3E%23%22%7B%7D%7C%5C%5E%5B%5D%60%E2%98%BA%09%3A%2F%40%24%27%28%29%2A%2C%3B",
+		nil,
+	},
+}
+
+func TestQueryEscape(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tt := range queryEscapeTests {
+		actual := QueryEscape(tt.in)
+		if tt.out != actual {
+			t.Errorf("QueryEscape(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.in, actual, tt.out)
+		}
+
+		// for bonus points, verify that escape:unescape is an identity.
+		roundtrip, err := QueryUnescape(actual)
+		if roundtrip != tt.in || err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("QueryUnescape(%q) = %q, %s; want %q, %s", actual, roundtrip, err, tt.in, "[no error]")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+var pathEscapeTests = []EscapeTest{
+	{
+		"",
+		"",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"abc",
+		"abc",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"abc+def",
+		"abc+def",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"a/b",
+		"a%2Fb",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"one two",
+		"one%20two",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"10%",
+		"10%25",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		" ?&=#+%!<>#\"{}|\\^[]`☺\t:/@$'()*,;",
+		"%20%3F&=%23+%25%21%3C%3E%23%22%7B%7D%7C%5C%5E%5B%5D%60%E2%98%BA%09:%2F@$%27%28%29%2A%2C%3B",
+		nil,
+	},
+}
+
+func TestPathEscape(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tt := range pathEscapeTests {
+		actual := PathEscape(tt.in)
+		if tt.out != actual {
+			t.Errorf("PathEscape(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.in, actual, tt.out)
+		}
+
+		// for bonus points, verify that escape:unescape is an identity.
+		roundtrip, err := PathUnescape(actual)
+		if roundtrip != tt.in || err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("PathUnescape(%q) = %q, %s; want %q, %s", actual, roundtrip, err, tt.in, "[no error]")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+//var userinfoTests = []UserinfoTest{
+//	{"user", "password", "user:password"},
+//	{"foo:bar", "~!@#$%^&*()_+{}|[]\\-=`:;'\"<>?,./",
+//		"foo%3Abar:~!%40%23$%25%5E&*()_+%7B%7D%7C%5B%5D%5C-=%60%3A;'%22%3C%3E?,.%2F"},
+//}
+
+type EncodeQueryTest struct {
+	m        Values
+	expected string
+}
+
+var encodeQueryTests = []EncodeQueryTest{
+	{nil, ""},
+	{Values{}, ""},
+	{Values{"q": {"puppies"}, "oe": {"utf8"}}, "oe=utf8&q=puppies"},
+	{Values{"q": {"dogs", "&", "7"}}, "q=dogs&q=%26&q=7"},
+	{Values{
+		"a": {"a1", "a2", "a3"},
+		"b": {"b1", "b2", "b3"},
+		"c": {"c1", "c2", "c3"},
+	}, "a=a1&a=a2&a=a3&b=b1&b=b2&b=b3&c=c1&c=c2&c=c3"},
+}
+
+func TestEncodeQuery(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tt := range encodeQueryTests {
+		if q := tt.m.Encode(); q != tt.expected {
+			t.Errorf(`EncodeQuery(%+v) = %q, want %q`, tt.m, q, tt.expected)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+var resolvePathTests = []struct {
+	base, ref, expected string
+}{
+	{"a/b", ".", "/a/"},
+	{"a/b", "c", "/a/c"},
+	{"a/b", "..", "/"},
+	{"a/", "..", "/"},
+	{"a/", "../..", "/"},
+	{"a/b/c", "..", "/a/"},
+	{"a/b/c", "../d", "/a/d"},
+	{"a/b/c", ".././d", "/a/d"},
+	{"a/b", "./..", "/"},
+	{"a/./b", ".", "/a/"},
+	{"a/../", ".", "/"},
+	{"a/.././b", "c", "/c"},
+}
+
+func TestResolvePath(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, test := range resolvePathTests {
+		got := resolvePath(test.base, test.ref)
+		if got != test.expected {
+			t.Errorf("For %q + %q got %q; expected %q", test.base, test.ref, got, test.expected)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkResolvePath(b *testing.B) {
+	b.ReportAllocs()
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		resolvePath("a/b/c", ".././d")
+	}
+}
+
+var resolveReferenceTests = []struct {
+	base, rel, expected string
+}{
+	// Absolute URL references
+	{"http://foo.com?a=b", "https://bar.com/", "https://bar.com/"},
+	{"http://foo.com/", "https://bar.com/?a=b", "https://bar.com/?a=b"},
+	{"http://foo.com/", "https://bar.com/?", "https://bar.com/?"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar", "mailto:foo@example.com", "mailto:foo@example.com"},
+
+	// Path-absolute references
+	{"http://foo.com/bar", "/baz", "http://foo.com/baz"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar?a=b#f", "/baz", "http://foo.com/baz"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar?a=b", "/baz?", "http://foo.com/baz?"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar?a=b", "/baz?c=d", "http://foo.com/baz?c=d"},
+
+	// Multiple slashes
+	{"http://foo.com/bar", "http://foo.com//baz", "http://foo.com//baz"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar", "http://foo.com///baz/quux", "http://foo.com///baz/quux"},
+
+	// Scheme-relative
+	{"https://foo.com/bar?a=b", "//bar.com/quux", "https://bar.com/quux"},
+
+	// Path-relative references:
+
+	// ... current directory
+	{"http://foo.com", ".", "http://foo.com/"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar", ".", "http://foo.com/"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/", ".", "http://foo.com/bar/"},
+
+	// ... going down
+	{"http://foo.com", "bar", "http://foo.com/bar"},
+	{"http://foo.com/", "bar", "http://foo.com/bar"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux", "http://foo.com/bar/quux"},
+
+	// ... going up
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "../quux", "http://foo.com/quux"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "../../../../../quux", "http://foo.com/quux"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar", "..", "http://foo.com/"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "./..", "http://foo.com/"},
+	// ".." in the middle (issue 3560)
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/dotdot/../tail", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/tail"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/./dotdot/../tail", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/tail"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/./dotdot/.././tail", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/tail"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/./dotdot/./../tail", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/tail"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/./dotdot/dotdot/././../../tail", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/tail"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/./dotdot/dotdot/./.././../tail", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/tail"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/./dotdot/dotdot/dotdot/./../../.././././tail", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/tail"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/./dotdot/../dotdot/../dot/./tail/..", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/dot/"},
+
+	// Remove any dot-segments prior to forming the target URI.
+	// https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-5.2.4
+	{"http://foo.com/dot/./dotdot/../foo/bar", "../baz", "http://foo.com/dot/baz"},
+
+	// Triple dot isn't special
+	{"http://foo.com/bar", "...", "http://foo.com/..."},
+
+	// Fragment
+	{"http://foo.com/bar", ".#frag", "http://foo.com/#frag"},
+	{"http://example.org/", "#!$&%27()*+,;=", "http://example.org/#!$&%27()*+,;="},
+
+	// Paths with escaping (issue 16947).
+	{"http://foo.com/foo%2fbar/", "../baz", "http://foo.com/baz"},
+	{"http://foo.com/1/2%2f/3%2f4/5", "../../a/b/c", "http://foo.com/1/a/b/c"},
+	{"http://foo.com/1/2/3", "./a%2f../../b/..%2fc", "http://foo.com/1/2/b/..%2fc"},
+	{"http://foo.com/1/2%2f/3%2f4/5", "./a%2f../b/../c", "http://foo.com/1/2%2f/3%2f4/a%2f../c"},
+	{"http://foo.com/foo%20bar/", "../baz", "http://foo.com/baz"},
+	{"http://foo.com/foo", "../bar%2fbaz", "http://foo.com/bar%2fbaz"},
+	{"http://foo.com/foo%2dbar/", "./baz-quux", "http://foo.com/foo%2dbar/baz-quux"},
+
+	// RFC 3986: Normal Examples
+	// https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-5.4.1
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g:h", "g:h"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g", "http://a/b/c/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "./g", "http://a/b/c/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g/", "http://a/b/c/g/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "/g", "http://a/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "//g", "http://g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "?y", "http://a/b/c/d;p?y"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g?y", "http://a/b/c/g?y"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "#s", "http://a/b/c/d;p?q#s"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g#s", "http://a/b/c/g#s"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g?y#s", "http://a/b/c/g?y#s"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", ";x", "http://a/b/c/;x"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g;x", "http://a/b/c/g;x"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g;x?y#s", "http://a/b/c/g;x?y#s"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "", "http://a/b/c/d;p?q"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", ".", "http://a/b/c/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "./", "http://a/b/c/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "..", "http://a/b/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "../", "http://a/b/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "../g", "http://a/b/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "../..", "http://a/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "../../", "http://a/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "../../g", "http://a/g"},
+
+	// RFC 3986: Abnormal Examples
+	// https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-5.4.2
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "../../../g", "http://a/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "../../../../g", "http://a/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "/./g", "http://a/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "/../g", "http://a/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g.", "http://a/b/c/g."},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", ".g", "http://a/b/c/.g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g..", "http://a/b/c/g.."},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "..g", "http://a/b/c/..g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "./../g", "http://a/b/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "./g/.", "http://a/b/c/g/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g/./h", "http://a/b/c/g/h"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g/../h", "http://a/b/c/h"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g;x=1/./y", "http://a/b/c/g;x=1/y"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g;x=1/../y", "http://a/b/c/y"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g?y/./x", "http://a/b/c/g?y/./x"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g?y/../x", "http://a/b/c/g?y/../x"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g#s/./x", "http://a/b/c/g#s/./x"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g#s/../x", "http://a/b/c/g#s/../x"},
+
+	// Extras.
+	{"https://a/b/c/d;p?q", "//g?q", "https://g?q"},
+	{"https://a/b/c/d;p?q", "//g#s", "https://g#s"},
+	{"https://a/b/c/d;p?q", "//g/d/e/f?y#s", "https://g/d/e/f?y#s"},
+	{"https://a/b/c/d;p#s", "?y", "https://a/b/c/d;p?y"},
+	{"https://a/b/c/d;p?q#s", "?y", "https://a/b/c/d;p?y"},
+
+	// Empty path and query but with ForceQuery (issue 46033).
+	{"https://a/b/c/d;p?q#s", "?", "https://a/b/c/d;p?"},
+}
+
+func TestResolveReference(t *testing.T) {
+	mustParse := func(url string) *URL {
+		u, err := Parse(url)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Parse(%q) got err %v", url, err)
+		}
+		return u
+	}
+	opaque := &URL{Scheme: "scheme", Opaque: "opaque"}
+	for _, test := range resolveReferenceTests {
+		base := mustParse(test.base)
+		rel := mustParse(test.rel)
+		url := base.ResolveReference(rel)
+		if got := url.String(); got != test.expected {
+			t.Errorf("URL(%q).ResolveReference(%q)\ngot  %q\nwant %q", test.base, test.rel, got, test.expected)
+		}
+		// Ensure that new instances are returned.
+		if base == url {
+			t.Errorf("Expected URL.ResolveReference to return new URL instance.")
+		}
+		// Test the convenience wrapper too.
+		url, err := base.Parse(test.rel)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("URL(%q).Parse(%q) failed: %v", test.base, test.rel, err)
+		} else if got := url.String(); got != test.expected {
+			t.Errorf("URL(%q).Parse(%q)\ngot  %q\nwant %q", test.base, test.rel, got, test.expected)
+		} else if base == url {
+			// Ensure that new instances are returned for the wrapper too.
+			t.Errorf("Expected URL.Parse to return new URL instance.")
+		}
+		// Ensure Opaque resets the URL.
+		url = base.ResolveReference(opaque)
+		if *url != *opaque {
+			t.Errorf("ResolveReference failed to resolve opaque URL:\ngot  %#v\nwant %#v", url, opaque)
+		}
+		// Test the convenience wrapper with an opaque URL too.
+		url, err = base.Parse("scheme:opaque")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf(`URL(%q).Parse("scheme:opaque") failed: %v`, test.base, err)
+		} else if *url != *opaque {
+			t.Errorf("Parse failed to resolve opaque URL:\ngot  %#v\nwant %#v", opaque, url)
+		} else if base == url {
+			// Ensure that new instances are returned, again.
+			t.Errorf("Expected URL.Parse to return new URL instance.")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestQueryValues(t *testing.T) {
+	u, _ := Parse("http://x.com?foo=bar&bar=1&bar=2&baz")
+	v := u.Query()
+	if len(v) != 3 {
+		t.Errorf("got %d keys in Query values, want 3", len(v))
+	}
+	if g, e := v.Get("foo"), "bar"; g != e {
+		t.Errorf("Get(foo) = %q, want %q", g, e)
+	}
+	// Case sensitive:
+	if g, e := v.Get("Foo"), ""; g != e {
+		t.Errorf("Get(Foo) = %q, want %q", g, e)
+	}
+	if g, e := v.Get("bar"), "1"; g != e {
+		t.Errorf("Get(bar) = %q, want %q", g, e)
+	}
+	if g, e := v.Get("baz"), ""; g != e {
+		t.Errorf("Get(baz) = %q, want %q", g, e)
+	}
+	if h, e := v.Has("foo"), true; h != e {
+		t.Errorf("Has(foo) = %t, want %t", h, e)
+	}
+	if h, e := v.Has("bar"), true; h != e {
+		t.Errorf("Has(bar) = %t, want %t", h, e)
+	}
+	if h, e := v.Has("baz"), true; h != e {
+		t.Errorf("Has(baz) = %t, want %t", h, e)
+	}
+	if h, e := v.Has("noexist"), false; h != e {
+		t.Errorf("Has(noexist) = %t, want %t", h, e)
+	}
+	v.Del("bar")
+	if g, e := v.Get("bar"), ""; g != e {
+		t.Errorf("second Get(bar) = %q, want %q", g, e)
+	}
+}
+
+type parseTest struct {
+	query string
+	out   Values
+	ok    bool
+}
+
+var parseTests = []parseTest{
+	{
+		query: "a=1",
+		out:   Values{"a": []string{"1"}},
+		ok:    true,
+	},
+	{
+		query: "a=1&b=2",
+		out:   Values{"a": []string{"1"}, "b": []string{"2"}},
+		ok:    true,
+	},
+	{
+		query: "a=1&a=2&a=banana",
+		out:   Values{"a": []string{"1", "2", "banana"}},
+		ok:    true,
+	},
+	{
+		query: "ascii=%3Ckey%3A+0x90%3E",
+		out:   Values{"ascii": []string{"<key: 0x90>"}},
+		ok:    true,
+	}, {
+		query: "a=1;b=2",
+		out:   Values{},
+		ok:    false,
+	}, {
+		query: "a;b=1",
+		out:   Values{},
+		ok:    false,
+	}, {
+		query: "a=%3B", // hex encoding for semicolon
+		out:   Values{"a": []string{";"}},
+		ok:    true,
+	},
+	{
+		query: "a%3Bb=1",
+		out:   Values{"a;b": []string{"1"}},
+		ok:    true,
+	},
+	{
+		query: "a=1&a=2;a=banana",
+		out:   Values{"a": []string{"1"}},
+		ok:    false,
+	},
+	{
+		query: "a;b&c=1",
+		out:   Values{"c": []string{"1"}},
+		ok:    false,
+	},
+	{
+		query: "a=1&b=2;a=3&c=4",
+		out:   Values{"a": []string{"1"}, "c": []string{"4"}},
+		ok:    false,
+	},
+	{
+		query: "a=1&b=2;c=3",
+		out:   Values{"a": []string{"1"}},
+		ok:    false,
+	},
+	{
+		query: ";",
+		out:   Values{},
+		ok:    false,
+	},
+	{
+		query: "a=1;",
+		out:   Values{},
+		ok:    false,
+	},
+	{
+		query: "a=1&;",
+		out:   Values{"a": []string{"1"}},
+		ok:    false,
+	},
+	{
+		query: ";a=1&b=2",
+		out:   Values{"b": []string{"2"}},
+		ok:    false,
+	},
+	{
+		query: "a=1&b=2;",
+		out:   Values{"a": []string{"1"}},
+		ok:    false,
+	},
+}
+
+func TestParseQuery(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, test := range parseTests {
+		t.Run(test.query, func(t *testing.T) {
+			form, err := ParseQuery(test.query)
+			if test.ok != (err == nil) {
+				want := "<error>"
+				if test.ok {
+					want = "<nil>"
+				}
+				t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v, want %v", err, want)
+			}
+			if len(form) != len(test.out) {
+				t.Errorf("len(form) = %d, want %d", len(form), len(test.out))
+			}
+			for k, evs := range test.out {
+				vs, ok := form[k]
+				if !ok {
+					t.Errorf("Missing key %q", k)
+					continue
+				}
+				if len(vs) != len(evs) {
+					t.Errorf("len(form[%q]) = %d, want %d", k, len(vs), len(evs))
+					continue
+				}
+				for j, ev := range evs {
+					if v := vs[j]; v != ev {
+						t.Errorf("form[%q][%d] = %q, want %q", k, j, v, ev)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+type RequestURITest struct {
+	url *URL
+	out string
+}
+
+var requritests = []RequestURITest{
+	{
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "example.com",
+			Path:   "",
+		},
+		"/",
+	},
+	{
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "example.com",
+			Path:   "/a b",
+		},
+		"/a%20b",
+	},
+	// golang.org/issue/4860 variant 1
+	{
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "example.com",
+			Opaque: "/%2F/%2F/",
+		},
+		"/%2F/%2F/",
+	},
+	// golang.org/issue/4860 variant 2
+	{
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "example.com",
+			Opaque: "//other.example.com/%2F/%2F/",
+		},
+		"http://other.example.com/%2F/%2F/",
+	},
+	// better fix for issue 4860
+	{
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:  "http",
+			Host:    "example.com",
+			Path:    "/////",
+			RawPath: "/%2F/%2F/",
+		},
+		"/%2F/%2F/",
+	},
+	{
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:  "http",
+			Host:    "example.com",
+			Path:    "/////",
+			RawPath: "/WRONG/", // ignored because doesn't match Path
+		},
+		"/////",
+	},
+	{
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "example.com",
+			Path:     "/a b",
+			RawQuery: "q=go+language",
+		},
+		"/a%20b?q=go+language",
+	},
+	{
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "example.com",
+			Path:     "/a b",
+			RawPath:  "/a b", // ignored because invalid
+			RawQuery: "q=go+language",
+		},
+		"/a%20b?q=go+language",
+	},
+	{
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "example.com",
+			Path:     "/a?b",
+			RawPath:  "/a?b", // ignored because invalid
+			RawQuery: "q=go+language",
+		},
+		"/a%3Fb?q=go+language",
+	},
+	{
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "myschema",
+			Opaque: "opaque",
+		},
+		"opaque",
+	},
+	{
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:   "myschema",
+			Opaque:   "opaque",
+			RawQuery: "q=go+language",
+		},
+		"opaque?q=go+language",
+	},
+	{
+		&URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "example.com",
+			Path:   "//foo",
+		},
+		"//foo",
+	},
+	{
+		&URL{
+			Scheme:     "http",
+			Host:       "example.com",
+			Path:       "/foo",
+			ForceQuery: true,
+		},
+		"/foo?",
+	},
+}
+
+func TestRequestURI(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tt := range requritests {
+		s := tt.url.RequestURI()
+		if s != tt.out {
+			t.Errorf("%#v.RequestURI() == %q (expected %q)", tt.url, s, tt.out)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseFailure(t *testing.T) {
+	// Test that the first parse error is returned.
+	const url = "%gh&%ij"
+	_, err := ParseQuery(url)
+	errStr := fmt.Sprint(err)
+	if !strings.Contains(errStr, "%gh") {
+		t.Errorf(`ParseQuery(%q) returned error %q, want something containing %q"`, url, errStr, "%gh")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseErrors(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		in      string
+		wantErr bool
+	}{
+		{"http://[::1]", false},
+		{"http://[::1]:80", false},
+		{"http://[::1]:namedport", true}, // rfc3986 3.2.3
+		{"http://x:namedport", true},     // rfc3986 3.2.3
+		{"http://[::1]/", false},
+		{"http://[::1]a", true},
+		{"http://[::1]%23", true},
+		{"http://[::1%25en0]", false},    // valid zone id
+		{"http://[::1]:", false},         // colon, but no port OK
+		{"http://x:", false},             // colon, but no port OK
+		{"http://[::1]:%38%30", true},    // not allowed: % encoding only for non-ASCII
+		{"http://[::1%25%41]", false},    // RFC 6874 allows over-escaping in zone
+		{"http://[%10::1]", true},        // no %xx escapes in IP address
+		{"http://[::1]/%48", false},      // %xx in path is fine
+		{"http://%41:8080/", true},       // not allowed: % encoding only for non-ASCII
+		{"mysql://x@y(z:123)/foo", true}, // not well-formed per RFC 3986, golang.org/issue/33646
+		{"mysql://x@y(1.2.3.4:123)/foo", true},
+
+		{" http://foo.com", true},  // invalid character in schema
+		{"ht tp://foo.com", true},  // invalid character in schema
+		{"ahttp://foo.com", false}, // valid schema characters
+		{"1http://foo.com", true},  // invalid character in schema
+
+		{"http://[]%20%48%54%54%50%2f%31%2e%31%0a%4d%79%48%65%61%64%65%72%3a%20%31%32%33%0a%0a/", true}, // golang.org/issue/11208
+		{"http://a b.com/", true},    // no space in host name please
+		{"cache_object://foo", true}, // scheme cannot have _, relative path cannot have : in first segment
+		{"cache_object:foo", true},
+		{"cache_object:foo/bar", true},
+		{"cache_object/:foo/bar", false},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		u, err := Parse(tt.in)
+		if tt.wantErr {
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Errorf("Parse(%q) = %#v; want an error", tt.in, u)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Parse(%q) = %v; want no error", tt.in, err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Issue 11202
+func TestStarRequest(t *testing.T) {
+	u, err := Parse("*")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if got, want := u.RequestURI(), "*"; got != want {
+		t.Errorf("RequestURI = %q; want %q", got, want)
+	}
+}
+
+type shouldEscapeTest struct {
+	in     byte
+	mode   encoding
+	escape bool
+}
+
+var shouldEscapeTests = []shouldEscapeTest{
+	// Unreserved characters (§2.3)
+	{'a', encodePath, false},
+	{'a', encodeUserPassword, false},
+	{'a', encodeQueryComponent, false},
+	{'a', encodeFragment, false},
+	{'a', encodeHost, false},
+	{'z', encodePath, false},
+	{'A', encodePath, false},
+	{'Z', encodePath, false},
+	{'0', encodePath, false},
+	{'9', encodePath, false},
+	{'-', encodePath, false},
+	{'-', encodeUserPassword, false},
+	{'-', encodeQueryComponent, false},
+	{'-', encodeFragment, false},
+	{'.', encodePath, false},
+	{'_', encodePath, false},
+	{'~', encodePath, false},
+
+	// User information (§3.2.1)
+	{':', encodeUserPassword, true},
+	{'/', encodeUserPassword, true},
+	{'?', encodeUserPassword, true},
+	{'@', encodeUserPassword, true},
+	{'$', encodeUserPassword, false},
+	{'&', encodeUserPassword, false},
+	{'+', encodeUserPassword, false},
+	{',', encodeUserPassword, false},
+	{';', encodeUserPassword, false},
+	{'=', encodeUserPassword, false},
+
+	// Host (IP address, IPv6 address, registered name, port suffix; §3.2.2)
+	{'!', encodeHost, false},
+	{'$', encodeHost, false},
+	{'&', encodeHost, false},
+	{'\'', encodeHost, false},
+	{'(', encodeHost, false},
+	{')', encodeHost, false},
+	{'*', encodeHost, false},
+	{'+', encodeHost, false},
+	{',', encodeHost, false},
+	{';', encodeHost, false},
+	{'=', encodeHost, false},
+	{':', encodeHost, false},
+	{'[', encodeHost, false},
+	{']', encodeHost, false},
+	{'0', encodeHost, false},
+	{'9', encodeHost, false},
+	{'A', encodeHost, false},
+	{'z', encodeHost, false},
+	{'_', encodeHost, false},
+	{'-', encodeHost, false},
+	{'.', encodeHost, false},
+}
+
+func TestShouldEscape(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tt := range shouldEscapeTests {
+		if shouldEscape(tt.in, tt.mode) != tt.escape {
+			t.Errorf("shouldEscape(%q, %v) returned %v; expected %v", tt.in, tt.mode, !tt.escape, tt.escape)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+type timeoutError struct {
+	timeout bool
+}
+
+func (e *timeoutError) Error() string { return "timeout error" }
+func (e *timeoutError) Timeout() bool { return e.timeout }
+
+type temporaryError struct {
+	temporary bool
+}
+
+func (e *temporaryError) Error() string   { return "temporary error" }
+func (e *temporaryError) Temporary() bool { return e.temporary }
+
+type timeoutTemporaryError struct {
+	timeoutError
+	temporaryError
+}
+
+func (e *timeoutTemporaryError) Error() string { return "timeout/temporary error" }
+
+var netErrorTests = []struct {
+	err       error
+	timeout   bool
+	temporary bool
+}{{
+	err:       &Error{"Get", "http://google.com/", &timeoutError{timeout: true}},
+	timeout:   true,
+	temporary: false,
+}, {
+	err:       &Error{"Get", "http://google.com/", &timeoutError{timeout: false}},
+	timeout:   false,
+	temporary: false,
+}, {
+	err:       &Error{"Get", "http://google.com/", &temporaryError{temporary: true}},
+	timeout:   false,
+	temporary: true,
+}, {
+	err:       &Error{"Get", "http://google.com/", &temporaryError{temporary: false}},
+	timeout:   false,
+	temporary: false,
+}, {
+	err:       &Error{"Get", "http://google.com/", &timeoutTemporaryError{timeoutError{timeout: true}, temporaryError{temporary: true}}},
+	timeout:   true,
+	temporary: true,
+}, {
+	err:       &Error{"Get", "http://google.com/", &timeoutTemporaryError{timeoutError{timeout: false}, temporaryError{temporary: true}}},
+	timeout:   false,
+	temporary: true,
+}, {
+	err:       &Error{"Get", "http://google.com/", &timeoutTemporaryError{timeoutError{timeout: true}, temporaryError{temporary: false}}},
+	timeout:   true,
+	temporary: false,
+}, {
+	err:       &Error{"Get", "http://google.com/", &timeoutTemporaryError{timeoutError{timeout: false}, temporaryError{temporary: false}}},
+	timeout:   false,
+	temporary: false,
+}, {
+	err:       &Error{"Get", "http://google.com/", io.EOF},
+	timeout:   false,
+	temporary: false,
+}}
+
+// Test that url.Error implements net.Error and that it forwards
+func TestURLErrorImplementsNetError(t *testing.T) {
+	for i, tt := range netErrorTests {
+		err, ok := tt.err.(net.Error)
+		if !ok {
+			t.Errorf("%d: %T does not implement net.Error", i+1, tt.err)
+			continue
+		}
+		if err.Timeout() != tt.timeout {
+			t.Errorf("%d: err.Timeout(): got %v, want %v", i+1, err.Timeout(), tt.timeout)
+			continue
+		}
+		if err.Temporary() != tt.temporary {
+			t.Errorf("%d: err.Temporary(): got %v, want %v", i+1, err.Temporary(), tt.temporary)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestURLHostnameAndPort(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		in   string // URL.Host field
+		host string
+		port string
+	}{
+		{"foo.com:80", "foo.com", "80"},
+		{"foo.com", "foo.com", ""},
+		{"foo.com:", "foo.com", ""},
+		{"FOO.COM", "FOO.COM", ""}, // no canonicalization
+		{"1.2.3.4", "1.2.3.4", ""},
+		{"1.2.3.4:80", "1.2.3.4", "80"},
+		{"[1:2:3:4]", "1:2:3:4", ""},
+		{"[1:2:3:4]:80", "1:2:3:4", "80"},
+		{"[::1]:80", "::1", "80"},
+		{"[::1]", "::1", ""},
+		{"[::1]:", "::1", ""},
+		{"localhost", "localhost", ""},
+		{"localhost:443", "localhost", "443"},
+		{"some.super.long.domain.example.org:8080", "some.super.long.domain.example.org", "8080"},
+		{"[2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334]:17000", "2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334", "17000"},
+		{"[2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334]", "2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334", ""},
+
+		// Ensure that even when not valid, Host is one of "Hostname",
+		// "Hostname:Port", "[Hostname]" or "[Hostname]:Port".
+		// See https://golang.org/issue/29098.
+		{"[google.com]:80", "google.com", "80"},
+		{"google.com]:80", "google.com]", "80"},
+		{"google.com:80_invalid_port", "google.com:80_invalid_port", ""},
+		{"[::1]extra]:80", "::1]extra", "80"},
+		{"google.com]extra:extra", "google.com]extra:extra", ""},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		u := &URL{Host: tt.in}
+		host, port := u.Hostname(), u.Port()
+		if host != tt.host {
+			t.Errorf("Hostname for Host %q = %q; want %q", tt.in, host, tt.host)
+		}
+		if port != tt.port {
+			t.Errorf("Port for Host %q = %q; want %q", tt.in, port, tt.port)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+var _ encodingPkg.BinaryMarshaler = (*URL)(nil)
+var _ encodingPkg.BinaryUnmarshaler = (*URL)(nil)
+
+func TestJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	u, err := Parse("https://www.google.com/x?y=z")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	js, err := json.Marshal(u)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// If only we could implement TextMarshaler/TextUnmarshaler,
+	// this would work:
+	//
+	// if string(js) != strconv.Quote(u.String()) {
+	// 	t.Errorf("json encoding: %s\nwant: %s\n", js, strconv.Quote(u.String()))
+	// }
+
+	u1 := new(URL)
+	err = json.Unmarshal(js, u1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if u1.String() != u.String() {
+		t.Errorf("json decoded to: %s\nwant: %s\n", u1, u)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGob(t *testing.T) {
+	u, err := Parse("https://www.google.com/x?y=z")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	var w bytes.Buffer
+	err = gob.NewEncoder(&w).Encode(u)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	u1 := new(URL)
+	err = gob.NewDecoder(&w).Decode(u1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if u1.String() != u.String() {
+		t.Errorf("json decoded to: %s\nwant: %s\n", u1, u)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNilUser(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() {
+		if v := recover(); v != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected panic: %v", v)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	u, err := Parse("http://foo.com/")
+
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("parse err: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if v := u.User.Username(); v != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected empty username, got %s", v)
+	}
+
+	if v, ok := u.User.Password(); v != "" || ok {
+		t.Fatalf("expected empty password, got %s (%v)", v, ok)
+	}
+
+	if v := u.User.String(); v != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected empty string, got %s", v)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestInvalidUserPassword(t *testing.T) {
+	_, err := Parse("http://user^:passwo^rd@foo.com/")
+	if got, wantsub := fmt.Sprint(err), "net/url: invalid userinfo"; !strings.Contains(got, wantsub) {
+		t.Errorf("error = %q; want substring %q", got, wantsub)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRejectControlCharacters(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []string{
+		"http://foo.com/?foo\nbar",
+		"http\r://foo.com/",
+		"http://foo\x7f.com/",
+	}
+	for _, s := range tests {
+		_, err := Parse(s)
+		const wantSub = "net/url: invalid control character in URL"
+		if got := fmt.Sprint(err); !strings.Contains(got, wantSub) {
+			t.Errorf("Parse(%q) error = %q; want substring %q", s, got, wantSub)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// But don't reject non-ASCII CTLs, at least for now:
+	if _, err := Parse("http://foo.com/ctl\x80"); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("error parsing URL with non-ASCII control byte: %v", err)
+	}
+
+}
+
+var escapeBenchmarks = []struct {
+	unescaped string
+	query     string
+	path      string
+}{
+	{
+		unescaped: "one two",
+		query:     "one+two",
+		path:      "one%20two",
+	},
+	{
+		unescaped: "Фотки собак",
+		query:     "%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA",
+		path:      "%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA",
+	},
+
+	{
+		unescaped: "shortrun(break)shortrun",
+		query:     "shortrun%28break%29shortrun",
+		path:      "shortrun%28break%29shortrun",
+	},
+
+	{
+		unescaped: "longerrunofcharacters(break)anotherlongerrunofcharacters",
+		query:     "longerrunofcharacters%28break%29anotherlongerrunofcharacters",
+		path:      "longerrunofcharacters%28break%29anotherlongerrunofcharacters",
+	},
+
+	{
+		unescaped: strings.Repeat("padded/with+various%characters?that=need$some@escaping+paddedsowebreak/256bytes", 4),
+		query:     strings.Repeat("padded%2Fwith%2Bvarious%25characters%3Fthat%3Dneed%24some%40escaping%2Bpaddedsowebreak%2F256bytes", 4),
+		path:      strings.Repeat("padded%2Fwith+various%25characters%3Fthat=need$some@escaping+paddedsowebreak%2F256bytes", 4),
+	},
+}
+
+func BenchmarkQueryEscape(b *testing.B) {
+	for _, tc := range escapeBenchmarks {
+		b.Run("", func(b *testing.B) {
+			b.ReportAllocs()
+			var g string
+			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+				g = QueryEscape(tc.unescaped)
+			}
+			b.StopTimer()
+			if g != tc.query {
+				b.Errorf("QueryEscape(%q) == %q, want %q", tc.unescaped, g, tc.query)
+			}
+
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkPathEscape(b *testing.B) {
+	for _, tc := range escapeBenchmarks {
+		b.Run("", func(b *testing.B) {
+			b.ReportAllocs()
+			var g string
+			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+				g = PathEscape(tc.unescaped)
+			}
+			b.StopTimer()
+			if g != tc.path {
+				b.Errorf("PathEscape(%q) == %q, want %q", tc.unescaped, g, tc.path)
+			}
+
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkQueryUnescape(b *testing.B) {
+	for _, tc := range escapeBenchmarks {
+		b.Run("", func(b *testing.B) {
+			b.ReportAllocs()
+			var g string
+			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+				g, _ = QueryUnescape(tc.query)
+			}
+			b.StopTimer()
+			if g != tc.unescaped {
+				b.Errorf("QueryUnescape(%q) == %q, want %q", tc.query, g, tc.unescaped)
+			}
+
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkPathUnescape(b *testing.B) {
+	for _, tc := range escapeBenchmarks {
+		b.Run("", func(b *testing.B) {
+			b.ReportAllocs()
+			var g string
+			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+				g, _ = PathUnescape(tc.path)
+			}
+			b.StopTimer()
+			if g != tc.unescaped {
+				b.Errorf("PathUnescape(%q) == %q, want %q", tc.path, g, tc.unescaped)
+			}
+
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestJoinPath(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		base string
+		elem []string
+		out  string
+	}{
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com",
+			elem: []string{"go"},
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/go",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com/a/b/c",
+			elem: []string{"../../../go"},
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/go",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com/",
+			elem: []string{"../go"},
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/go",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com",
+			elem: []string{"../go"},
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/go",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com",
+			elem: []string{"../go", "../../go", "../../../go"},
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/go",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com/../go",
+			elem: nil,
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/go",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com/",
+			elem: []string{"./go"},
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/go",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com//",
+			elem: []string{"/go"},
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/go",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com//",
+			elem: []string{"/go", "a", "b", "c"},
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/go/a/b/c",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "http://[fe80::1%en0]:8080/",
+			elem: []string{"/go"},
+		},
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com",
+			elem: []string{"go/"},
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/go/",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com",
+			elem: []string{"go//"},
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/go/",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com",
+			elem: nil,
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com/",
+			elem: nil,
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com/a%2fb",
+			elem: []string{"c"},
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/a%2fb/c",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com/a%2fb",
+			elem: []string{"c%2fd"},
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/a%2fb/c%2fd",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "https://go.googlesource.com/a/b",
+			elem: []string{"/go"},
+			out:  "https://go.googlesource.com/a/b/go",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "/",
+			elem: nil,
+			out:  "/",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "a",
+			elem: nil,
+			out:  "a",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "a",
+			elem: []string{"b"},
+			out:  "a/b",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "a",
+			elem: []string{"../b"},
+			out:  "b",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "a",
+			elem: []string{"../../b"},
+			out:  "b",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "",
+			elem: []string{"a"},
+			out:  "a",
+		},
+		{
+			base: "",
+			elem: []string{"../a"},
+			out:  "a",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		wantErr := "nil"
+		if tt.out == "" {
+			wantErr = "non-nil error"
+		}
+		if out, err := JoinPath(tt.base, tt.elem...); out != tt.out || (err == nil) != (tt.out != "") {
+			t.Errorf("JoinPath(%q, %q) = %q, %v, want %q, %v", tt.base, tt.elem, out, err, tt.out, wantErr)
+		}
+		var out string
+		u, err := Parse(tt.base)
+		if err == nil {
+			u = u.JoinPath(tt.elem...)
+			out = u.String()
+		}
+		if out != tt.out || (err == nil) != (tt.out != "") {
+			t.Errorf("Parse(%q).JoinPath(%q) = %q, %v, want %q, %v", tt.base, tt.elem, out, err, tt.out, wantErr)
+		}
+	}
+}