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diff --git a/doc/webpage.ms b/doc/webpage.ms new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c5697d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/webpage.ms @@ -0,0 +1,2580 @@ +.\" This file gives a small example how a web page could look like if +.\" created with groff. +.\" +.\" +.\" To make it work with other output devices also, we include +.\" www.tmac directly. +.\" +.am pspic*error-hook +. ab \\n[.F]:\\n[.c]: fatal error: PSPIC failed to include '\\$1' +.. +. +.nr PS 10 +.nr VS 12 +.if '\*[.T]'html' .nr LL 10i +.if r ps4html .nr LL 10i +. +.mso www.tmac +. +.HEAD "<link rel=""stylesheet"" type=""text/css"" href=""groff.css"" >" +.\" .HEAD "<link rel=""icon"" type=""image/png"" href=""http://www.gnu.org/graphics/gnu-mini.png"" >" +. +.ALN "#eeeeee" 30 +. +.de blm-macro +. nr tmp \\n[.i] +. LP +. in \\n[tmp]u +.. +.blm blm-macro +. +.HX 1 +. +.defcolor mydarkred rgb 0.65f 0.1f 0.2f +.defcolor mydarkgreen rgb 0.1f 0.5f 0.2f +.defcolor mydarkblue rgb 0.1f 0.2f 0.6f +. +.ds GNU \m[mydarkred]G\m[]\m[mydarkgreen]N\m[]\m[mydarkblue]U\m[] +. +.NHR +.HTL +. +Home of Groff (GNU Troff). +. +.HTML-IMAGE-LEFT +.PSPIC -L gnu.eps 2i 2i +.ie r ps4html \{\ +. ll 10i +. br +. nop \v'-0.66i'\h'2.0i'\s[80]\*[GNU] Troff\s0 +. ll +.\} +.el \ +. nop \v'-0.66i'\h'2.0i'\s[60]\*[GNU] Troff\s0 +.HTML-IMAGE-END +. +.HR +. +.LNS +. +.DC T HIS mydarkred +is the home page for groff (\c +.URL http://\:www.gnu.org/ GNU +Troff), which is a software typesetting package +that reads plain text mixed with formatting commands +and produces formatted output. +. +Output may be PostScript or PDF, html, +or ASCII/UTF8 for display at the terminal. +. +Formatting commands may be either low-level typesetting requests +(\[lq]primitives\[rq]) or macros from a supplied set. +. +Users may also write their own macros. +. +All three may be combined. + +Present on most Unix systems owing to its long association +with Unix manuals (man pages), +groff is capable of producing typographically sophisticated documents +while consuming only minimal system resources. + +The source code of the currently released versions of groff is +available at the +.URL "http://\:ftp.gnu.org/\:gnu/\:groff/" "GNU host" +and its mirrors; +the current development version is available from a +.URL "https://\:savannah.gnu.org/\:git/\:?group=groff" "git repository" . +. +The current version is 1.23.0 (March 2023). + +To view the git repository in your browser, use +.URL "http://\:git.savannah.gnu.org/\:cgit/\:groff.git" \ + "Savannah's cgit interface" . + +Additional contributions can be found +.URL "http://\:groff.ffii.org/\:groff/\:contrib/" here . + +For a special version of groff on the Microsoft operating systems, see +.URL "https://\:sf.net/\:projects/\:ezwinports/\:files/" \ + "Groff for Windows" +(version 1.21). + +Groff was originally written and maintained by James Clark; it +is now maintained by the team at +.MTO groff@\:gnu.org "" . +. +.HR +. +\s[-2]\f[I]This document was produced using +.URL http://\:www.gnu.org/\:software/\:groff groff\~\n[.x].\n[.y].\n[.Y] . +.br +The image at the top has been contributed by Imogen Mulley, +based on a similar picture found on the +.URL http://\:www.gnu.org "GNU server" . +. +. +.SH +License +.LP +GNU troff is released under the +.URL http://\:www.gnu.org/\:copyleft/\:gpl.html "GNU Copyright License" . +The documentation is released under the +.URL http://\:www.gnu.org/\:copyleft/\:fdl.html "Free Documentation License" . +. +. +.SH +README +.LP +This is the GNU groff document formatting system. +The version number is given in the file VERSION. + +Included in this release are implementations of `troff', `pic', `eqn', +`tbl', `grn', `refer', `\-man', `\-mdoc', `\-mom', and `\-ms' macros, and +drivers for `PostScript', `PDF', `TeX DVI' format, `HP LaserJet\~4' +printers, `Canon CaPSL' printers, `HTML' and `XHTML' formats (beta status), +and typewriter-like devices. +Also included is a modified version of the Berkeley `\-me' macros, the +enhanced version `gxditview' of the X11 `xditview' previewer, and an +implementation of the `\-mm' macros contributed by J\[:o]rgen H\[:a]gg. + +See the file `INSTALL' for installation instructions on how to install from +a release. +You require a C++ compiler. + +The file `INSTALL.REPO' contains supplementary instructions for building +directly from a clone of the repository. + +The file `NEWS' describes recent user-visible changes to `groff'. + +`groff' is free software. +See the file `COPYING' for copying permission. + +The file `PROBLEMS' describes various problems that have been encountered in +compiling, installing, and running `groff'. + +The file `MORE.STUFF' contains information about add-on packages useful for +`groff'. +. +. +.SH +Repository and FTP access +.LP +The most recent released version of `groff' is always available by +.URL "ftp://\:ftp.gnu.org/\:gnu/\:groff" "anonymous ftp" . + +The current development version of `groff' is available from a +.URL http://\:savannah.gnu.org/\:git/\:?group=groff "git repository" . + +To view the git repository in your browser, go to its +.URL http://\:git.savannah.gnu.org/\:cgit/\:groff.git "browser interface" . +. +. +.SH +Groff dependencies +.LP +Depending on your requirements, you may need at least some of the +following tools to build `groff' directly from its source: + +.in 2m +.nf +perl \[>=] v5.6.1 (see macro GROFF_PERL in file `m4/groff.m4') +ghostscript +the psutils package +the netpbm package +texinfo 5.0 +bison \[>=] 1.875b or byacc +.fi +.in + +Note that `texinfo' and `bison' or `byacc' are required only for building +from repository sources (a checked-out working copy). +They are not required for building from a stable release tarball. +Also note that the version numbers stated are the minimum supported. +No version of `texinfo' < 5.0 works, and the original release of `bison' +1.875 is known not to work; you \fImay\fP find that `bison' releases < 1.875 +work, but in case of difficulty, please update to a later version +\fIbefore\fP posting a bug report. +For \fIall\fP sources, you need `ghostscript' for creation of either `PDF' +or `HTML' output; the `netpbm' and `psutils' packages are required only for +`HTML' output. +If you don't intend to produce output in either of these formats, then +these packages are unnecessary. + +Additionally, producing `PDF' output directly with the `gropdf' device needs +a working installation of `perl'. +The same is true for some other preprocessors like `chem'. + +The `groff' configure script searches for the X11 headers and libraries +`Xaw' and `Xmu'. +So the corresponding developer packages of your system must be installed, +otherwise `groff' does not install `gxditview' and the `\-TX*' devices. +In Debian, the developer packages are `libxaw7\-dev' and `libxmu\-dev'. +. +. +.SH +Bug reports +.LP +Please report bugs using the project's +.URL https://\:savannah.gnu.org/\:projects/\:groff "bug tracker" . + +You may use the form in the file `BUG\-REPORT'; the idea of this is to +make sure that FSF has all the information it needs to fix the bug. +At the very least, read the `BUG\-REPORT' form and make sure that you supply +all the information that it asks for. +Even if you are not sure that something is a bug, report it: +this enables us to determine whether it really is a bug. +. +. +.SH +Mailing lists +.LP +Three mailing lists are available: + +.ULS +.LI +.MTO bug\-groff@\:gnu.org +for following bug reports; + +.LI +.MTO groff@\:gnu.org +for general discussion of groff; and + +.LI +.MTO groff\-commit@\:gnu.org "" , +a read-only list showing commits to the git repository. +.ULE + +To subscribe, send a mail to \[la]list\[ra]\-request@\[la]domain\[ra] +(example: +.MTO groff\-request@\:gnu.org +for the `groff' list) with the word `subscribe' in either the +subject or body of the e-mail (don't include the quotes). +Alternatively, you may subscribe by visiting the web pages at + +.in 2m +.nf +.URL http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/bug\-groff +.URL http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/groff +.URL http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/groff\-commit +.fi +.in + +Each of these web pages also provides a link to a browseable archive of +postings to the corresponding mailing list. +. +. +.SH +NEWS VERSION 1.22.3 +.LP +.SH 2 +gxditview + +.ULS +.LI +X11 resources for gxditview, which were previously installed in +/usr/X11/lib/X11/app\-defaults no matter which `prefix' was set, are +now installed in appresdir=$prefix/lib/X11/app\-defaults. +If `appresdir' is not a standard X11 resource directory, the environment +variable XFILESEARCHPATH should be set to this path. +The standard default directories depends on the system `libXt'. +Common directories include: + +.in 2m +.nf +/usr/lib/X11/app\-defaults +/usr/share/X11/app\-defaults +/etc/X11/app\-defaults +.fi +.in + +Note that if the option `\-\-with\-appresdir' is passed to `configure', the +`prefix' will not be added to `appresdir'. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +glilypond + +.ULS +.LI +This new preprocessor (contributed by Bernd Warken) allows embedding of code +for +.URL http://\:www.lilypond.org "GNU LilyPond" , +a music typesetter. +The data gets automatically processed and embedded as EPS images. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +gperl + +.ULS +.LI +Bernd Warken contributed a new preprocessor to handle Perl code that can be +evaluated and then processed by groff. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +gpinyin + +.ULS +.LI +Another preprocessor from Bernd Warken to pretty-print Pinyin syllables like +`guo2wang2' as `gu\['o]w\['a]ng'. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +pdfroff + +.ULS +.LI +The pdfroff utility script now activates its `\-\-no\-toc\-relocation' +option by default, unless a request similar to: + +.in 2m +.nf +\&.if !\en[PHASE] .tm pdfroff\-option:set toc_relocation=enabled +.fi +.in + +is invoked during input file processing; (`.if !\en[PHASE] \&.\|.\|.\&' +ensures that the effect of the `.tm' request is restricted to the +document setup phase of processing, as pdfroff sets it to 1 or\~2 in the +output phase, but leaves it unset in the setup phase). + +The bundled `spdf.tmac' macro package, which implicitly activates +`\-mpdfmark' for `ms' macro users, ensures that TOC relocation is +appropriately enabled, when the `.TC' macro is invoked. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +macro packages + +.ULS +.LI +The \-mom macro package now has full support for eqn, pic, and tbl, as well +as captioning and labelling of pdf images and preprocessor output. +Lists of Figures, Equations, and Tables can now be autogenerated. +PDF_IMAGE has a new FRAME option. + +.LI +A French introduction to the \-me macro package has been added (file +`meintro_fr.me'). + +.LI +In \-mdoc, command %C is now available, providing a city or place reference. +.ULE +. +. +.SH +NEWS VERSION 1.22.2 +.LP +.SH 2 +tbl + +.ULS +.LI +The character `#' can now be used as an eqn delimiter within tables. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +eqn + +.ULS +.LI +A GNU extension + +.in 2m +.nf +.ft C +delim on +.ft P +.fi +.in + +has been added to reactivate delimiters which have been disabled with +`delim off'. +.ULE +. +. +.SH +NEWS VERSION 1.22.1 +.LP +(There was no release 1.22.) +.LP +.SH 2 +groff + +.ULS +.LI +A new option `\-j' has been added to call the `chem' preprocessor. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +tbl + +.ULS +.LI +Improved line numbering support. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +macro packages + +.ULS +.LI +Support for the `refer' preprocessor has been added to the \-mm macro +package. + +.LI +In \-me, the `TH' macro was changed for compatibility with line number +support in tables. + +`bl' now works inside of blocks. + +The behaviour of centered blocks has been improved. + +Line numbering support has been improved. + +.LI +The \-mom macro package has reached version 2.0, focusing on PDF output +with gropdf (using the new `pdfmom' wrapper script). +See the file `version\-2.html' of the \-mom documentation for a list of the +many changes. + +.LI +Some generic Unicode fallback characters (mainly Roman numerals) have been +added. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +tbl + +.ULS +.LI +Added numbered line support in tables. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +gropdf + +.ULS +.LI +A new driver for generating PDF output directly, contributed by +.MTO deri@\:chuzzlewit.myzen.co.uk "Deri James" . + +Note that this driver is written in Perl; you need a working Perl +installation to run this output device. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +pdfmom + +.ULS +.LI +A new wrapper around groff that facilitates the production of PDF documents +from files formatted with the \-mom macros. +.ULE +. +. +.SH +NEWS VERSION 1.21 +.LP +.SH 2 +troff + +.ULS +.LI +The new `lsm' request specifies a macro to be invoked when leading +spaces in an input line are encountered (which are removed then). +Number registers `lsn' and `lss' hold the number of removed leading +spaces and the corresponding horizontal space, respectively. + +.LI +There is a new warning category `file', enabled by default. +The `mso' request emits warnings in this category when the requested +macro file does not exist. + +.LI +The new `class' request assigns a short name to a set of characters +which can be referred to in the `cflags' request. +This is especially useful to control line-breaking and hyphenation +rules in CJK languages. + +.LI +Three new values for the `cflags' request have been added, which are +needed for proper CJK support. + +.in 2m +128 prohibit before but allow break after character +.br +256 prohibit after but allow break before character +.br +512 allow break before and after character +.in +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +tbl + +.ULS +.LI +A new global option `nowarn' suppresses warnings if tables are longer +than the current line width. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +afmtodit + +.ULS +.LI +New option `\-o' to specify the name of the output file. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +macro packages + +.ULS +.LI +A new macro `%U' has been added to the mdoc package to indicate a URL +reference within an \&.Rs/.Re environment. + +.LI +Rudimentary support for the Japanese script has been added, most +suitable for man page handling as output by grotty. +The file `ja.tmac' contains the necessary setup to allow line breaks +before and after CJK characters (with proper exceptions). +Note, however, that no inter-character spacing is implemented yet \[en] +this usually causes many warnings about bad line breaks. +.ULE +. +. +.SH +NEWS VERSION 1.20.1 +.LP +A packaging error made it necessary to publish this release. +No user-visible changes. +. +. +.SH +NEWS VERSION 1.20 +.LP +.SH 2 +groff + +.ULS +.LI +XHTML support has been added to grohtml and can be specified by +\-Txhtml. +This option also utilizes the MathML capability of +eqn and combines the outputs of both in the final XHTML file. +Users can also specify the `\-P\-V' option together with `\-Txhtml' +in groff. +This has the effect of creating an XHTML validator +button at the bottom of each page. + +.LI +Some options have been added to control a new preprocessor, +`preconv' (see below): `\-k' activates it, `\-K' sets the input +encoding, and `\-D' sets the default encoding. + +.LI +A new environment variable `GROFF_ENCODING' sets the encoding +of input files; it implies command option `\-k'. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +troff + +.ULS +.LI +Two new requests `device' and `devicem' have been added which are +equivalents to the \eX and \eY escapes, respectively. + +.LI +A new read-only number register `.br' is available which is set to\~1 +if a macro is called as \&.foo and to\~0 if called as \&'foo. +This allows reliable modification of requests. + +.in 2m +.nf +.ft C +\&.als bp@orig bp +\&.de bp +\&.\& tm before bp +\&.\& ie \e\en[.br] .bp@orig +\&.\& el \[aq]bp@orig +\&.\& tm after bp +\&.. +.ft P +.fi +.in + +.LI +A new request `fzoom' has been added to adjust the optical size of a +font in relation to the others. +The zoom factor is given in integer multiples of 1/1000th. +In the following example, the CR font is magnified by 10% (the zoom +factor is 1.1). + +.in 2m +.nf +.ft C +\&.fam P +\&.fzoom CR 1100 +\&.ps 12 +\&Palatino and \ef[CR]Courier\ef[] +.ft P +.fi +.in + +The new number register `.zoom' holds the zoom value of the current font, +in multiples of 1/1000th. + +.LI +The `cflags' request has been extended with a new flag value 64, to be +used in combination with values\~2 (break before character) and\~4 (break +after character). +If set, the hyphenation codes of the surrounding characters are ignored. + +.LI +A new debugging request, `pev', has been added to print all of the current +known environments to stderr. +It first prints the state of the current environment, then iterates +through all of the known environments, printing each except the one that +is current. + +.LI +A new escape `\e$^' has been added. +It represents the parameters of a macro as if they were an argument to +the `ds' request. +This is used by `trace.tmac'. + +.LI +A new read-only number register `.O' is available which returns the +current suppression level as set by the `\eO' escape. + +.LI +The space width emitted by the `\e|' and `\e^' escape sequences can be +controlled on a per-font basis. +If there is a glyph named `\e|' or `\e^', respectively (note the leading +backslash), defined in the current font file, use this glyph's width +instead of the default value. + +This behaviour is not new, but hasn't been documented before. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +nroff + +.ULS +.LI +Two new command-line options `\-w' and `\-W' are accepted and passed to +groff to enable and disable warning messages, respectively. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +preconv + +.ULS +.LI +This is a new preprocessor to convert various input encodings to something +groff understands (this is, ASCII and \e[uXXXX] entities, with `XXXX' a +hexadecimal number with 4 to 6 digits, representing a Unicode input code). +Normally, preconv should be invoked with options `\-k' and `\-K' of groff. +See the preconv man page for details. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +pic + +.ULS +.LI +int(x) now really behaves as documented: It truncates the non-integer part +of\~x, this is, it rounds towards zero and not towards the next integer +less than or equal to\~x. + +.LI +Pic now supports up to 32 macro arguments (and up to 16 on EBCDIC +platforms). + +.LI +Heinz-J\[:u]rgen \[:O]rtel contributed code for two new keywords, +`xslanted' and `yslanted', which can change the shape of boxes into +arbitrary parallelograms. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +tbl + +.ULS +.LI +Latest versions of DWB tbl introduced an `x' column specifier for a single +column expanded to the line width. +GNU tbl has now been extended to support even multiple `x' specifiers +within a table. + +.LI +To avoid collision with the new `x' specifier, a block formatting macro +must now be selected with specifier letter `m'. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +eqn + +.ULS +.LI +Eric S.\& Raymond has added a new device type to eqn, MathML. +When \-TMathML is enabled, eqn now emits MathML formula markup rather than +groff commands. +The new groff \-Txhtml device uses this. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +chem + +.ULS +.LI +The preprocessor `chem' was added. +`chem' is a roff language to generate chemical structure diagrams. +It generates `pic' output. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +grops + +.ULS +.LI +The PS font definition files have been regenerated with newer AFM versions +from Adobe's 35 core fonts as present in most Level\~2 PS printers. +The changes are minor (most notably, the addition of the `Euro' glyph and an +extended set of kerning values). + +For backwards compatibility, the old set of font definition files is still +available; for details please read the man page of grops. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +grotty + +.ULS +.LI +\eD'p.\|.\|.\&' is now supported if the polygon consists entirely of +horizontal and vertical lines. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +grohtml + +.ULS +.LI +XHTML support has been added. + +.LI +New command-line option `\-V' (to be used in XHTML mode) to produce an +XHTML validator button. + +.LI +New command-line option `\-y' to produce a right-justified groff signature +at the end of the document (in combination with option `\-V'). +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +gxditview + +.ULS +.LI +Support for keyboard navigation has been improved. + +.LI +Similar to other X11 applications, there are now two resource files, +`GXditview' and `GXditview\-color'. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +groffer + +.ULS +.LI +`groffer' version 1.* exists now in a shell and a Perl version. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +afmtodit + +.ULS +.LI +New option `\-c' to output more font information as comments. + +.LI +New option `\-k' to suppress output of kerning data. + +.LI +New option `\-f NAME' to set the internal name of the groff font. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +macro packages + +.ULS +.LI +Joachim Walsdorff contributed the `hdtbl' package for the generation of +tables, using a syntax very similar to the HTML table model. +For example, a table with two cells and two rows looks like this: + +.in 2m +.nf +.ft C +\&.TBL cols=2 +\&.\& TR .TD 1*1 .TD 1*2 +\&.\& TR .TD 2*1 .TD 2*2 +\&.ETB +.ft P +.fi +.in + +Here the same table using a more expanded syntax: + + +.in 2m +.nf +.ft C +\&.TBL cols=2 +\&.\& TR +\&.\& TD 1*1 +\&.\& TD 1*2 +\&.\& TR +\&.\& TD 2*1 +\&.\& TD 2*2 +\&.ETB +.ft P +.fi +.in + +Tables can be nested; `hdtbl' works without a preprocessor so that the +full capability of groff's macro engine is available. + +This package currently works with `\-Tps' only. + +.LI +\-mandoc now supports multiple man pages (in either man or mdoc format). + +.LI +Fabrice M\['e]nard contributed locales support. +In particular, it is now possible to get French localization of the main +macro packages (\-ms, \-mm, \-me, and \-mom, but not \-man and \-mdoc +which are localized differently) by appending `\-mfr' to the list of macro +packages. +Example: + +.in 2m +.ft C +.nf +groff \-ms \-mfr foo > foo.ps +.fi +.ft P +.in + +Note that latin-9 input encoding is used for French (to support the `oe' +ligature). + +.LI +Swedish macro localization (with `\-msv') has been added. + +.LI +German macro localization (with `\-mde' and `\-mden' for traditional and +new orthography, respectively) has been added. + +.LI +Czech macro localization (with `\-mcs') has been added. + +Note that latin-2 input encoding is used for Czech. + +.LI +A new macro `Dx' has been added to the mdoc package which identifies the +DragonFly OS. + +.LI +If mdoc is used to print multiple man pages (together with the \-rcR=0 +command-line option), each man page now starts a new page. + +.LI +\-mtrace has been considerably improved, now showing number and string +register assignments, among other things. +See the groff_trace man page for details. + +.LI +The PSPIC macro now works with all devices (producing a hollow +rectangle on devices which don't support inclusion of PS images) and +is loaded in troffrc at start-up. + +.LI +A new auxiliary macro package `62bit' has been added which provides some +macros for adding, multiplying, and dividing signed 62-bit integers (mainly +to handle normal groff number operations without risking overflow errors). + +.LI +For \-ms, Eric S.\& Raymond contributed support for ancient Bell Labs +localisms `.SC', `.UC', `.P1', and `.P2'. +The latter three are enabled only after \&.SC is called. + +.LI +A new string, `SN-STYLE', has been added to the ms macros, controlling +the formatting of section numbers in headings defined by `.NH'. + +.LI +The new macro package `ptx' provides a template definition for the `.xx' +macro as needed by GNU ptx (for creating permuted indices). +.ULE +. +. +.SH +NEWS VERSION 1.19.2 +.LP +.SH 2 +troff + +.ULS +.LI +Analogously to the \&.ft and \ef pair, two new requests `gcolor' and +`fcolor' (which pair with \em and \eM, respectively) have been added to +set the glyph and background colours. + +.LI +A new read-only, string-valued register `.sty' returns the name of the +current style. + +.LI +Two new conditional operators `F\~\[la]name\[ra]' and `S\~\[la]name\[ra]' +have been added. +`F' is true if a font \[la]name\[ra] exists. +`S' is true if a style \[la]name\[ra] has been registered. + +.LI +Cyrillic characters have been added to the `utf8' and `html' output +devices. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +pic + +.ULS +.LI +The `by' argument in a `for' loop can now be negative if it is additive. +For the multiplicative case, it must be greater than zero. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +eqn + +.ULS +.LI +The following keywords aren't new but haven't been documented previously: + +.in 2m +.B undef +.I name +(to undefine a macro) +.br +.B +copy +.I file \[dq] \[dq] +.R +a synonym for `include') +.br +.B space +.I n +(to modify the vertical spacing before and after an equation) +.in + +.LI +The following macros aren't new but haven't been documented previously: + +.in 2m +.B Alpha , +\&\.\.\., +.B Omega +(the same as +.B ALPHA , +\&\.\.\., +.B OMEGA ) +.br +\fBldots\fP (three dots on the baseline) +.br +\fBdollar\fP (a dollar glyph) +.in + +.LI +The following keywords have been extended. +Again, this isn't new but hasn't been documented previously: + +.in 2m +.B col +.I n +.B { +\&\.\.\.\& +.B } +.br +.B lcol +.I n +.B { +\&\.\.\.\& +.B } +.br +.B rcol +.I n +.B { +\&\.\.\.\& +.B } +.br +.B ccol +.I n +.B { +\&\.\.\.\& +.B } +.br +.B pile +.I n +.B { +\&\.\.\.\& +.B } +.br +.B lpile +.I n +.B { +\&\.\.\.\& +.B } +.br +.B rpile +.I n +.B { +\&\.\.\.\& +.B } +.br +.B cpile +.I n +.B { +\&\.\.\.\& +.B } +.br +The above all set the vertical spacing between rows to\~\c +.I n ). +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +grohtml + +.ULS +.LI +This device driver has been raised to beta stage; its set of tags should +be stable now. + +.LI +New command-line option `\-s' to set the base point size. + +.LI +New command-line option `\-S' to set the split level while generating +multiple files. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +grotty + +.ULS +.LI +Experimental support for zero-width and double-width characters. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +gxditview + +.ULS +.LI +On platforms which have the X\~Window System this program is now built and +installed automatically. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +xtotroff + +.ULS +.LI +This program to create font definition files for xditview isn't new but +hasn't been installed previously. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +groffer + +.ULS +.LI +A security problem (reported as CAN-2004-0969) has been fixed. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +gdiffmk + +.ULS +.LI +A new script contributed by Mike Bianchi. +It compares two groff, nroff, or troff documents and creates an output with +added margin characters (using `.mc') to indicate the differences. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +pdfroff + +.ULS +.LI +A new wrapper script contributed by Keith Marshall to easily create PDF +documents with groff. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +macro packages + +.ULS +.LI +ms.tmac + +.ULS +.LI +Support for fractional point sizes: A value for the `PS', `VS', `FPS', +and `VPS' register larger than or equal to 1000 is always divided by 1000. +For example, `.nr\~PS\~10250' sets the document's font size to 10.25 points. + +.LI +The `Ds' and `De' macros provided in ms since groff version 1.19 have +been removed; the equivalent `DS' and `DE' macros should be used instead. +X11 documents which actually use `Ds' and `De' always load a +specific macro file from the X11 distribution (`macros.t') which +provides proper definitions for the two macros. + +.LI +The following registers have been added for improving layout control: + +.IP PORPHANS +Defines number of lines following `LP', `PP', `QP', `IP' or `XP' which +must be kept together, before any automatic page break. + +.IP HORPHANS +Sets number of lines of following paragraph which must be kept with a +heading, defined by `NH' or `SH', before any automatic page break. + +.IP GROWPS +Sets the first level of heading (set with `NH') which keeps the +same point size as body text. + +.IP PSINCR +Sets the point size increment for each level of heading (set with +`NH'), below the threshold level set by `GROWPS'; e.g., if +\en[PS]\~=\~10, \en[GROWPS]\~=\~3 and \en[PSINCR]\~=\~2.0p, then `.NH\~1' +produces 14-point headings, `.NH\~2' produces 12-point, +and all other levels +remain at 10\~points (because \en[PS]\~=\~10). + +.LI +The `SH' macro now accepts a numeric argument, to make heading size +match that of `NH' with same argument value when the `GROWPS'/`PSINCR' +feature is enabled. +.ULE + +Please refer to the documentation of the ms package for other, minor +improvements. + +.LI +me.tmac + +The section type set with the `++' request is available in the `_M' +register. +This isn't new but hasn't been documented before. + +.LI +www.tmac + +The `HR' macro no longer causes an empty line for non-HTML devices. + +A new macro `HEAD' has been added to directly add data to the +<head>.\|.\|.</head> block. + +New macros `OLS' and `OLE' to start and end an ordered list. + +New macros `DLS' and `DLE' to start and end a definition list. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +pdfmark + +.ULS +.LI +A new macro package contributed by Keith Marshall which implements PDF +marks. +This is in alpha stage currently. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +miscellaneous + +.ULS +.LI +Two new keywords to the DESC file have been added which are needed for +grohtml: `image_generator' and `unscaled_charwidths'. +The former gives the name of the program which creates PNG images, +and the latter makes troff always use unscaled character widths. +.ULE +. +. +.SH +NEWS VERSION 1.19.1 +.LP +.SH 2 +groff + +.ULS +.LI +The argument of the command-line option `\-I' is now also passed to troff +and grops, specifying a directory to search for files on the command line, +files named in `so' and `psbb' requests, and files named in \eX'ps:\~file' +and \eX'ps:\~import' escapes. + +.LI +If option `\-V' is used more than once, the commands are both printed +on standard error and run. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +troff + +.ULS +.LI +Two new read-only, string-valued registers `.m' and `.M' return the +name of the current drawing and background color, respectively. + +.LI +New read-only register `.U' which is set to\~1 if in unsafe mode and +0\~otherwise. + +.LI +An input encoding file for \%latin-5 (a.k.a.\& ISO \%8859-9) has been +added. +Example use: + +.in 2m +.ft C +groff \-Tdvi \-mlatin5 my_file > my_file.dvi +.ft R +.in + +Note that some output devices don't support all glyphs of this encoding. + +.LI +If the `return' request is called with an argument, it exits twice, +namely the current macro and the macro one level higher. +This is used to define a wrapper macro for `return' in trace.tmac. + +.LI +For completeness, two new requests have been added: `dei1' and `ami1'. +They are equivalent to `dei' and `ami', respectively, but the macros +are executed with compatibility mode off (similar to `de1' and `am1'). + +.LI +New command-line option `\-I' to specify a directory for files (both +those on the command line and those named in `psbb' requests). +This is also handled by the groff wrapper program. + +.LI +Since version 1.19 you can say `.vs\~0'. +Older versions emit a warning and convert this to `.vs\~\en[.V]'. + +This hasn't been documented properly. +Note that `.vs\~0' isn't saved in a diversion since it doesn't result +in vertical motion. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +pic + +.ULS +.LI +Dashed and dotted ellipses have been implemented. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +tbl + +.ULS +.LI +New key character `x' to make tbl call a user-defined macro on a table +cell. +Patch by +.MTO hj.oertel@\:surfeu.de "Heinz-J\[:u]rgen Oertel" . +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +grap2graph + +.ULS +.LI +A new script contributed by +.MTO esr@\:thyrsus.com "Eric S.\& Raymond" . +It converts a grap diagram into a cropped image. +Since it uses gs and the PNM library, virtually all graphics formats +are available for output. +[Note that the grap program itself isn't part of the groff package; +see the file MORE.STUFF how to obtain grap.] +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +grohtml + +.ULS +.LI +New option `\-j' to emit output split into multiple files. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +grops + +.ULS +.LI +New command-line option `\-I' to specify a directory to search for files +on the command line and files named in \eX'ps:\~import' and \eX'ps:\~file' +escapes. +This is also handled by the groff wrapper program. + +.LI +The default value for the `broken' keyword in the DESC file is now\~0. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +grolj4 + +.ULS +.LI +A new man page +.I lj4_font (5) +documents how fonts are accessed with +grolj4. + +.LI +The built-in fonts for LJ4 and newer PCL\~5 devices have been completely +revised, mainly to access as much glyphs as possible. +The provided metric files should be compatible with recent PCL\~5 printers +also. +Additionally, font description files have been added for the Arial and +Times New Roman family, the MS symbol, and Wingdings fonts. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +afmtodit + +.ULS +.LI +New option `\-x' to prevent use of built-in Adobe Glyph List. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +hpftodit + +.ULS +.LI +Completely revised to handle HP TrueType metric files also. +See the hpftodit manual page for more details. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +groffer + +.ULS +.LI +This version is a rewrite of groffer in many parts, but it is kept in +the old single script style. + +.ULS +.LI +New options: \-\-text (\-\-mode\~text), \-\-tty\-viewer, \-\-X (\-\-mode\~X), +\-\-X\-viewer, \-\-html (\-\-mode\~html), \-\-html\-view, \-\-apropos\-data, +\-\-apropos\-devel, \-\-apropos\-progs. + +.LI +New documentation file README_SH. + +.LI +Enhancement of the configuration files and the `apropos' handling. +.ULE +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +macro packages + +.ULS +.LI +www.tmac: New macro `JOBNAME' to split output into multiple files. + +.LI +In mdoc, multiple calls to `.Lb' are now supported in the LIBRARY +section. +.ULE +. +. +.SH +NEWS VERSION 1.19 +.LP +.SH 2 +troff + +.ULS +.LI +Input encoding files for \%latin-9 (a.k.a.\& \%latin-0 and ISO \%8859-15) +and \%latin-2 (ISO \%8859-2) have been added. +Example use: + +.in 2m +.ft C +groff \-Tdvi \-mlatin9 my_file > my_file.dvi +.ft P +.in + +You still need proper fonts with the necessary glyphs. +Out of the box, the groff package supports \%latin-9 only for \-Tps, +\-Tdvi, and \-Tutf8, and \%latin-2 only for \-Tdvi and \-Tutf8. + +.LI +Composite glyphs are now supported. +To do this, a subset of the Adobe Glyph List (AGL) Algorithm as described in +.URL http://\:partners.adobe.com/\:public/\:developer/\:opentype/\:index_glyph.html \ + http://\:partners.adobe.com/\:public/\:developer/\:opentype/\:index_glyph.html +is used to construct glyph names based on Unicode character codes. +The existing groff glyph names are frozen; no glyph names which can't be +constructed algorithmically will be added in the future. + +The \e[.\|.\|.\&] escape sequence has been extended to specify multiple +glyph components. +Example: + +.in 2m +.ft C +\e[A ho] +.ft R +.in + +this accesses a glyph with the name `u0041_0328'. + +Some groff glyphs which are useful as composites map to `wrong' Unicode +code points. +For example, `ho' maps to U+02DB which is a spacing ogonek, whereas a +non-spacing ogonek U+0328 is needed for composite glyphs. +The new request + +.in 2m +.ft C +\&.composite from to +.ft R +.in + +changes the mapping while a composite glyph name is constructed. +To make \e[A\~ho] yield the expected result, + +.in 2m +.ft C +\&.composite ho u0328 +.ft R +.in + +is needed. +[The new file `composite.tmac' loaded at start-up already +contains proper calls to `.composite'.] + +Please refer to the info pages of groff and to the groff_char man page +for more details. + +.LI +A new request `fschar' has been added to define font-specific fallback +characters. +They are searched after the list of fonts declared with the +`fspecial' request but before the list of fonts declared with `special'. + +.LI +Fallback characters defined with `fschar' can be removed with the +new `rfschar' request. + +.LI +A new request `schar' has been added to define global fallback +characters. +They are searched after the list of fonts declared with the +`special' request but before the already mounted special fonts. + +.LI +In groff versions 1.18 and 1.18.1, \eD'f\~.\|.\|.\&' didn't move the +current point horizontally. +Despite of being silly, this change has been reverted for backwards +compatibility. +Consequently, the intermediate output command `Df' also moves the +position horizontally again. + +\eD'f\~.\|.\|.\&' is deprecated since it depends on the horizontal +motion quanum of the output device (given with the `hor' parameter in +the DESC file). +Use the new \eD'Fg\~.\|.\|.\&' escape instead. + +.LI +For orthogonality, new \eD subcommands to change the fill color are +available: + +.in 2m +.ft C +\eD\[aq]Fr \&.\|.\|.\&\[aq] \f[R](rgb)\f[] +.br +\eD\[aq]Fc \&.\|.\|.\&\[aq] \f[R](cmy)\f[] +.br +\eD\[aq]Fg \&.\|.\|.\&\[aq] \f[R](gray)\f[] +.br +\eD\[aq]Fk \&.\|.\|.\&\[aq] \f[R](cmyk)\f[] +.br +\eD\[aq]Fd\[aq] \f[R](default color)\f[] +.ft R +.in + +The arguments are the same as with the `defcolor' request. +The current position is \f[I]not\f[] changed. + +.LI +The values set with \eH and \eS are now available in number registers +\en[.height] and \en[.slant], respectively. + +.LI +The `.pe' number register isn't new but hasn't been documented before. +It is set to\~1 during a page ejection caused by the `bp' request. + +.LI +The new glyph symbol `tno' is a textual variant of `no'. + +.LI +The new glyph symbol `+e' represents U+03F5, GREEK LUNATE EPSILON SYMBOL. +(Well, it is not really new since it has been previously supported by +grolj4.) +The mapping for both the dvi and lj4 symbol font has been +changed accordingly so that Greek small letter epsilon, `*e', has the +same glyph shape as with other devices. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +grops + +.ULS +.LI +The font `freeeuro.pfa' has been added to provide various default glyph +shapes for `eu' and `Eu'. + +.LI +It is now possible to access all glyphs in a Type\~1 font, not only 256 +(provided the font file created by afmtodit has proper entries). +grops constructs additional encoding vectors on the fly if necessary. + +.LI +The paper size is now emitted via the %%DocumentMedia and PageSize +mechanisms so that it is no longer required to tell `gv' or `ps2pdf' +about the paper size. +The `broken' flag value\~16 omits this feature +(the used PostScript command `setpagedevice' is a LanguageLevel\~2 +extension). +Patch by +.MTO egil@\:kvaleberg.no "Egil Kvaleberg" . + +.LI +Non-slanted PostScript metrics have been changed again; they no longer +contain negative left italic correction values. +This assures correct spacing with eqn. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +grodvi + +.ULS +.LI +The font cmtex10 has been added as the special font `SC' to the DVI fonts. +It is used as a font-specific special font for CW and CWI. + +.LI +New options \-l and \-p to set landscape orientation and the paper size. +grodvi now emits a `papersize' special which is understood by DVI drivers +like dvips. + +Consequently, the DESC file should contain a `papersize' keyword. + +.LI +The glyph shapes for \e[*f] and \e[*e] have been exchanged with \e[+f] and +\e[+e], respectively, to be in sync with all other devices. + +.LI +Glyphs \e[HE] and \e[DI] have been replaced with \e[u2662] and \e[u2661], +respectively, since the former two glyphs have a black (filled) shape +which grodvi doesn't provide by default (it never has actually). +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +grolj4 + +.ULS +.LI +The glyphs \e[*e] and \e[+e] have been exchanged to be in sync with +all other devices. + +.LI +The glyph \e[\[ti]=] is now called \e[|=]. +Similar to other devices, +\e[\[ti]=] is now another name for glyph \e[\[ti]\[ti]]. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +grotty + +.ULS +.LI +New option `\-r'. +It is similar to the \-i option except it tells grotty to +use the `reverse video' attribute to render italic fonts. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +pic + +.ULS +.LI +New command `figname' to set the name of a picture's output box in TeX +mode. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +refer + +.ULS +.LI +The environment variable `REFER' to override the name of the default +database isn't new but hasn't been documented before. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +soelim + +.ULS +.LI +New option `\-r' to avoid emission of `.lf' lines. + +.LI +New option `\-t' to emit TeX comment lines (giving current file and the +line number) instead of `.lf' lines. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +afmtodit + +.ULS +.LI +Unencoded glyphs in an AFM file are output also (since grops can now emit +multiple encoding vectors for a single font). + +.LI +New option `\-m' to prevent negative left italic correction values. + +.LI +The mapping and encoding file together with file `DESC' are now searched +in the default font directory also. +Please refer to the man page of afmtodit for more details. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +macro packages + +.ULS +.LI +.MTO kollar@\:alltel.net "Larry Kollar" +and others made the man macros more customizable. + +.ULS +.LI +New command-line options \-rFT, \-rIN, and \-rSN to set the vertical +location of the footer line, the body text indentation, and the +sub-subheading indentation. + +.LI +New command-line option \-rHY (similar to the ms macros) to control +hyphenation. + +.LI +New macros `.PT' and `.BT' to print the header and footer strings. +They can be replaced with a customized version in `man.local'. + +.LI +The string `HF' now holds the typeface to print headings and +subheadings. + +.LI +Similar to the ms macros, the LT register now defaults to LL if not +explicitly specified on the command line. +.ULE + +.LI +troff's start-up file `troffrc' now includes `papersize.tmac' to set +the paper size with the command-line option `\-dpaper=<size>'. + +Possible values for `<size>' are the same as the predefined `papersize' +values in the DESC file (only lowercase; see the groff_font man page) +except \%a7\[en]d7. +An appended `l' (ell) character denotes landscape orientation. +Examples: `a4l', `c3l', `letterl'. + +Most output drivers need additional command-line switches `\-p' and +`\-l' to override the default paper length and orientation as set in +the driver specific DESC file. + +For example, use the following for PS output on A4 paper in landscape +orientation: + +.in 2m +.ft C +groff \-Tps \-dpaper=a4l \-P\-pa4 \-P\-l \-ms foo.ms > foo.ps +.ft R +.in +.ULE +. +. +.SH +NEWS VERSION 1.18.1 +.LP +.SH 2 +troff + +.ULS +.LI +The non-slanted PostScript font definition files have been regenerated to +include left and right italic correction values. +Applying those to a glyph (this is, prepending the glyph with `\e,' and +appending `\e/' to the glyph) sets the glyph width to the real value given +by the horizontal bounding box values. +Without those escapes, the advance width for the particular glyph is used +(which can differ considerably). + +Most users will neither need this feature nor notice a difference in +existing documents (provided \e, and \e/ is used as advertised, namely for +italic fonts only); its main goal is to improve image generation with +grohtml. + +This is an experimental change, and feedback is welcome. +.ULE +. +.SH 2 +tbl + +.ULS +.LI +Added global option `nospaces' to ignore leading and trailing spaces in data +items. +.ULE +. +.SH 2 +grolbp + +.ULS +.LI +The option \-w (\-\-linewidth) has been added (similar to other device +drivers) to set the default line width. +.ULE +. +.SH 2 +grn + +.ULS +.LI +Support for b-spline and Bezier curves has been added. +.ULE +. +.SH 2 +groffer + +.ULS +.LI +New option \-\-shell to select the shell under which groffer shall run. +.ULE +. +.SH 2 +Macro Packages + +.ULS +.LI +The string `Am' (producing an ampersand) has been added to mdoc for +compatibility with NetBSD. + +.LI +`.IX' is now deprecated for mom; you should use `.IQ' (Indent Quit) +instead. + +.LI +In mom, new inlines `FWD', `BCK', `UP', and `DOWN' deal with horizontal +and vertical movements; please refer to contrib/mom/NEWS for more +details. + +.LI +New macro ENDNOTES_HDRFTR_CENTER for mom to better control headers. +.ULE +. +.SH 2 +Miscellaneous + +.ULS +.LI +The `papersize' keyword in the DESC file now accepts multiple arguments. +It is scanned from left to the right, and the first valid argument is used. +This makes it possible to provide a fallback paper size. + +Example: + +.in 2m +.ft C +papersize /etc/papersize a4 +.ft P +.in + +.LI +A local font directory has been prepended to the default font path; it +defaults to /usr/local/share/groff/site\-font. +Similar to the normal font searching process, files must be placed into +a \%dev\c +.I XXX +subdirectory, e.g., + +.in 2m +.ft C +/usr/local/share/groff/site\-font/devps/FOO +.ft P +.in + +for a PostScript font definition file FOO. +.ULE +. +. +.SH +NEWS VERSION 1.18 +.LP +This section describes recent user-visible changes in groff. +Bug fixes are not described. +There are more details in the man pages. + +.ad c +\s[+5]\m[red]\ +Please read the changes below regarding +.ie '\*[.T]'html' \ +. URL #grotty grotty , +.el \ +. nop grotty, +groff's tty frontend.\ +\m[]\s[0] +.br +.ad n +. +.SH 2 +Troff + +.ULS +.LI +Color support has been added to troff and pic (and to the device drivers +grops, grodvi, grotty, and grohtml \[en] other preprocessors and drivers will +follow). +A new function `defcolor' defines colors; the escape sequence `\em' sets the +drawing color, the escape sequence `\eM' specifies the background color for +closed objects created with \eD'.\|.\|.\&' commands. +`\em[]' and `\eM[]' switch back to the previous color. +`\em' and `\eM' correspond to the new troff output command sets starting +with `m' and `DF'. +The device-specific default color is called `default' and can't be +redefined. + +Use the `color' request to toggle the usage of colors (default is on); the +read-only register `.color' is\~0 if colors are not active, and non-zero +otherwise. + +The old `Df' output command is mapped onto `DFg'; all color output +commands don't change the current font position (consequently, `Df' +doesn't either). + +Outputting color can be disabled in troff and groff with the option\~\-c +(it is always disabled in compatibility mode). +See the section on grotty for the +.ie '\*[.T]'html' \ +. URL #GROFF_NO_SGR GROFF_NO_SGR +.el \ +. nop GROFF_NO_SGR +environment variable also. + +For defining color components as fractions between 0 and\~1, a new +scaling unit `f' has been defined: 1f\~=\~65536u. +For testing whether a color is defined (with \&.if and \&.ie), a new +conditional operator `m' is available. + +More details can be found in the groff_diff.7 manual page and in +groff.texinfo. + +.LI +Similar to \em and \eM, \ef[] switches back to the previous font. +\efP (and \ef[P]) is still valid for backwards compatibility. + +.LI +The new escape \eF is the same as `.fam'; \eF[] switches back to previous +family \[en] \eF[P] selects family `P'. + +.LI +Two new glyph symbols are available: `eu' is the official Euro symbol; +`Eu' is a font-specific glyph variant. + +.LI +The new glyph symbols `t+\-', `tdi', and `tmu' are textual variants of +`+\-', `di', and `mu', respectively. + +.LI +Latin-1 character 181 (PS name `mu', Unicode name U+00B5 MICRO SIGN) has +got the troff glyph name `mc'. + +.LI +\-Tutf8 is now available on EBCDIC hosts. + +.LI +Strings can take arguments, using this syntax: \e*[foo\~arg1\~arg2\~.\|.\|.]. +Example: + +.in 2m +.nf +.ft C +\&.ds xxx This is a \e\e$1 test. +\e*[xxx nice] +.ft P +.fi +.in + +.LI +It is now possible to have whitespace between the first and second dot (or +the name of the ending macro) to end a macro definition. +Example: + +.in 2m +.nf +.ft C +\&.de ! +\&.. +\&. +\&.de foo +\&.\& nop Hello, I\[aq]m \[aq]foo\[aq]. +\&.\& nop I will now define \[aq]bar\[aq]. +\&.\& de bar ! +\&.\& nop Hello, I\[aq]m \[aq]bar\[aq]. +\&.\& ! +\&.. +.ft P +.fi +.in + +.LI +`.fn' is a new string-valued register which returns the (internal) real +font name; styles and families are properly concatenated. + +.LI +Three new read/write registers `seconds', `minutes', and `hours' contain +the current time, set at start-up of troff. +Use the `af' request to control their output format. + +.LI +The new request `fchar' can be used to provide fallback characters. +It has the same syntax as the `char' request; the only difference is that +a character defined with `.char' hides the glyph with the same name in the +current font, whereas a character defined with `.fchar' is checked only if +the particular glyph isn't found in the current font. +This test happens before checking special fonts. + +.LI +In analogy to the `tmc' request, `.writec' is the same as `.write' but +doesn't emit a final newline. + +.LI +The new request `itc' is a variant of `.it' for which a line interrupted +with \ec counts as one input line. + +.LI +Two new requests `ds1' and `as1' which are similar to `ds' and `as' but +with compatibility mode disabled during expansion of strings defined by +them. + +.LI +The syntax of the `substring' request has been changed: +The first character in a string now has index\~0, the last character +has index\~\-1. +Note that this is an incompatible change. + +.LI +To emit strings directly to the intermediate output, a new `output' +request has been added; it is similar to `\e!' used at the top level. + +.LI +`.hpf' has been extended. +It can now handle most TeX hyphenation pattern files without +modification. +To do that, the commands \epatterns, \ehyphenation, and \eendinput are +recognized. +Please refer to groff_diff.7 for more information. + +.LI +`hpfcode' is a new request to provide an input encoding mapping for the +`hpf' request. + +.LI +The new request `hpfa' appends hyphenation patterns (`hpf' replaces +already existing patterns). + +.LI +A new request `ami' (append macro indirect) has been added. +The first and second parameter of `ami' are taken from string registers +rather than directly; this very special request is needed to make +`trace.tmac' independent from the escape character (which might even +be disabled). + +.LI +The new request `sizes' is similar to the `sizes' command in DESC files. +It expects the same syntax; the data must be on a single line, and the +final `0' can be omitted. + +.LI +`trin' (translate input) is a new request which is similar to `tr' with +the exception that the `asciify' request uses the character code (if +any) before the character translation. +Example: + +.in 2m +.nf +.ft C +\&.trin ax +\&.di xxx +a +\&.br +\&.di +\&.xxx +\&.trin aa +\&.asciify xxx +\&.xxx +.ft P +.fi +.in + +The result is `x\~a'. +Using `tr', the result would be `x\~x'. + +.LI +The request `pvs' isn't new, but hasn't been documented before. +It adds vertical space after a line has been output. +This makes it an alternative to the `ls' request to produce +double-spaced documents. +The read-only register `.pvs' holds the current amount of the +post-vertical line space. + +.LI +For compatibility with plan 9's troff, multiple `pi' requests are +supported: + +.in 2m +.nf +.ft C +\&.pi foo +\&.pi bar +.ft P +.fi +.in + +is now equivalent to + +.in 2m +.ft C +\&.pi foo | bar +.ft P +.in + +.LI +A new escape sequence `\eO' is available to disable and enable glyph +output. +Please see groff_diff.man and groff.texinfo for more details. + +.LI +The escapes `\e%', `\e&', `\e)', and `\e:' no longer cause an error in \eX; +they are ignored now. +Additionally `\e\~' (space) and `\e\[ti]' are converted to single space +characters. + +.LI +The default tab distance in nroff mode is now 0.8i\~(inches) to be compatible +with Unix troff. + +.LI +Using the latin-1 input character 0xAD (soft hyphen) for the `shc' +request was a bad idea. +Instead, it is now translated to `\e%', and the default hyphenation +character is again \e[hy]. +Note that the glyph \e[shc] is not useful for typographic purposes; +it only exists to have glyph names for all latin-1 characters. +.ULE +. +.SH 2 +Macro Packages + +.ULS +.LI +.MTO df191@\:ncf.ca "Peter Schaffter" +has contributed a new major macro package called `mom', mainly for +non-scientific writers, which takes care of many typographic issues. +It comes with a complete reference (in HTML format) and some examples. +`mom' has been designed to format documents for PostScript output only. + +.LI +Two macros `AT' (AT&T) and `UC' (Univ.\& of California) have been added to +the man macros for compatibility with older BSD releases. + +.LI +Both the man and mdoc macro packages now use the LL and LT registers for +setting the line and title length, respectively (similar to those +registers in the ms macro package). +If not set on the command line or in a macro file loaded before the macro +package itself, they default to 78n\~(ens) in nroff mode and +6.5i\~(inches) in troff mode. + +.LI +The `\-xwidth' specifier in the mdoc macro package has been removed. +Its functionality is now integrated directly into `\-width'. +Similarly, `\-column' has been extended to has this functionality also. + +.LI +A new macro `Ex' has been added to the mdoc macro package to document an +exit status. + +.LI +`troff.man' has been split. +Differences to Unix troff are now documented in the new man page +`groff_diff.man'. + +.LI +The PSPIC macro has been extended to work with DVI output (`pspic.tmac' is +now automatically loaded for \-Tdvi), using a dvips special to load the EPS +file. + +.LI +The trace.tmac package now traces calls to `am' also. +Additionally, it works in compatibility mode. + +.LI +`troff.1' has been split. +Differences to Unix troff are now documented in the new man page +`groff_diff.7'. + +.LI +`groff_mwww.7' has been renamed to `groff_www.7'. +The file mwww.tmac has been removed. + +.LI +`groff_ms.7' has been completely rewritten. +It now contains a complete reference to the ms macros. + +.LI +`groff_trace.7' documents the trace macro package. + +.LI +Changes in www.tmac + +Note that HTML support is still in alpha change, so it is rather likely +that both macro names and macro syntax will change. +Some of the macros mentioned below aren't really new but haven't been +documented properly before. + +.ULS +.LI +The following macros have been renamed: + +.in 2m +.nf +MAILTO \-> MTO +IMAGE \-> IMG +LINE \-> HR +.fi +.in + +.LI +For consistency, the macros `URL', `FTL', and `MTO' now all have the +address as the first parameter followed by the description. + +.LI +By default, grohtml generates links to all section headings at the top +of the document. +Use the new `LK' macro to specify a different place. + +.LI +For specifying the background color and a background image, use the +new macros `BCL' and `BGIMG', respectively. + +.LI +The macro `NHR' has been added; it suppresses the generation of top and +bottom rules which grohtml emits by default. + +.LI +The new macro `HX' determines the cut-off point for automatic link +generation to headings. + +.LI +The image position parameter names in `IMG' have been changed to `\-L', +`\-R', and `\-C'. + +.LI +New macro `PIMG' for inclusion of a PNG image (it automatically +converts it into an EPS file if not \-Thtml is used). + +.LI +New macro `MPIMG' for putting a PNG image into the left or right margin +(it automatically converts it into an EPS file if not \-Thtml is used). + +.LI +New macros `HnS', `HnE' to start and end a header line block. + +.LI +New macro `DC' to produce dropcap characters. + +.LI +New macro `HTL' to generate an HTML title line only but no H1 heading. + +.LI +New macros `ULS' and `ULE' to start and end an unordered list. +The new macro `LI' inserts a list item. +.ULE +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +groff + +.ULS +.LI +The new command-line option `\-c' disables color output (which is always +disabled in compatibility mode). +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +Nroff + +.ULS +.LI +Two new command-line options `\-c' and `\-C'; the former passes `\-c' to +grotty (switching to the old output scheme); the latter passes `\-C' to +groff (enabling compatibility mode). +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +pic + +.ULS +.LI +New keywords `color' (or `colour', `colored', `coloured'), `outline' (or +`outlined'), and `shaded' are available. +`outline' sets the color of the outline, `shaded' the fill color, and +`color' sets both. +Example: + +.in 2m +.ft C +circle shaded "green" outline "black" ; +.ft P +.in + +Filled arrows always use the outline color for filling. + +Color support for TeX output is not implemented yet. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +Pic2graph + +.ULS +.LI +A new script contributed by +.MTO esr@\:thyrsus.com "Eric S.\& Raymond" . +It converts a PIC diagram into a cropped image. +Since it uses gs and the PNM library, virtually all graphics formats +are available for output. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +Eqn2graph + +.ULS +.LI +A new script contributed by +.MTO esr@\:thyrsus.com "Eric S.\& Raymond" . +It converts an EQN diagram into a cropped image. +Since it uses gs and the PNM library, virtually all graphics formats +are available for output. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +Groffer + +.ULS +.LI +A new script contributed by +.MTO groff\-bernd.warken\-72@web.de "Bernd Warken" . +It displays groff files and man pages on X and tty, taking care of most +parameters automatically. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +Grog + +.ULS +.LI +Documents using the mom macro package are recognized. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +grops + +.ULS +.LI +Color support has been added. + +.LI +A new option `\-p' is available to select the output paper size. +It has the same syntax as the new `papersize' keyword in the DESC file. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +Grodvi + +.ULS +.LI +By default, +font sizes are now available in the range 5\[en]10000p\~(points), +similar to PS fonts. +If you want the old behaviour (i.e., font sizes at discrete values only), +insert the following at the start of your document: + +.in 2m +.nf +.ft C +\&.if \[aq]\e*[.T]\[aq]dvi\[aq] \e +\&.\& sizes 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1095 1200 1400 1440 1600 \e +\& 1728 1800 2000 2074 2200 2400 2488 2800 3600 +.ft P +.fi +.in + +.LI +A new font file HBI (using cmssbxo10; this is slanted sans serif bold +extended) has been added. + +.LI +Two font families are now available: `T' and `H'. + +.LI +EC and TC fonts have been integrated. +Use `\-mec' (calling the file ec.tmac) to switch to them. +Those fonts give a much better coverage of the symbols defined by groff +than the CM fonts. + +Note that ec.tmac must be called before any language-specific files; it +doesn't take care of hcode values. + +.LI +Color support has been added. +For drawing commands, colors are translated to gray values currently. +.ULE +. +. +.TAG grotty +.SH 2 +Grotty + +.ULS +.LI +Color support has been added, using the SGR (ISO\~6429, sometimes called +ANSI color) escape sequences. + +.LI +SGR escape sequences are now used by default for underlining and bold +printing also, no longer using the backspace character trick. +To revert to the old behaviour, use the `\-c' switch. + +Note that you have to use the `\-R' option of `less' to make SGR escapes +display correctly. +On the other hand, terminal programs and consoles like `xterm' which +support SGR sequences natively can directly display the output of grotty. +Consequently, the options `\-b', `\-B', `\-u', and `\-U' work only in +combination with `\-c' and are ignored silently otherwise. + +For the `man' program, it may be necessary to add the `\-R' option of +`less' to the $PAGER environment variable (or $MANPAGER, depending on the +used version of `man'); alternatively, you can use `man's `\-P' option (or +adapt its configuration file accordingly). +See +.I man (1) +for more details. + +.TAG GROFF_NO_SGR +.LI +If the environment variable GROFF_NO_SGR is set, SGR output is disabled, +reverting to the old behaviour. + +.LI +A new special \eX'tty:\~sgr\~n' has been added; if n is non-zero or missing, +enable SGR output (the default). + +.LI +If the new option `\-i' is used (only in SGR mode), grotty sends escape +sequences to set the italic font attribute instead of the underline +attribute for italic fonts. +Note that many terminals don't have support for this (including xterm). +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +grohtml + +.ULS +.LI +Color support for glyphs has been added. + +.LI +New option `\-h' to select the style of headings in HTML output. + +.LI +New option `\-b' to set the background colour to white. + +.LI +New options `\-a' and `\-g' to control the number of bits for anti-aliasing +used for text and graphics, respectively. +Default value is\~4; 0\~means no anti-aliasing. + +.LI +groff character/glyph entities now map onto HTML\~4 character entities. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +Grolbp + +.ULS +.LI +Valid paper sizes are now specified as with the new `papersize' keyword +in the DESC file. +Specifically, the old custom paper type format `custAAAxBBB' is no longer +supported. +.ULE +. +. +.SH 2 +Miscellaneous + +.ULS +.LI +A new manual page `ditroff.7' is available. + +.LI +The groff texinfo manual is now installed, together with a bunch +of examples. + +.LI +A new keyword `papersize' has been added to the DESC file format. +Its argument is either + +.ULS +.LI +a predefined paper format (e.g., `A4' or `letter') + +.LI +a file name pointing to a file which must contain a paper size +specification in its first line (e.g., `/etc/papersize') + +.LI +a custom paper size definition like `35c,4i' +.ULE + +See +.I groff_font (5) +for more details. +This keyword only affects the physical dimensions of the output medium; +grops, grolj4, and grolbp use it currently. +troff completely ignores it. +.ULE +. +.LNE +. +.\" EOF +.\" Local Variables: +.\" mode: nroff +.\" End: +.\" vim: filetype=groff: |