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<title>Font Families (The GNU Troff Manual)</title>
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<div class="subsection-level-extent" id="Font-Families">
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<p>
Next: <a href="Font-Positions.html" accesskey="n" rel="next">Font Positions</a>, Previous: <a href="Selecting-Fonts.html" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Selecting Fonts</a>, Up: <a href="Using-Fonts.html" accesskey="u" rel="up">Using Fonts</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Request-Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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<h4 class="subsection" id="Font-Families-1">5.19.2 Font Families</h4>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-font-families"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-families_002c-font"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-font-styles"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-styles_002c-font"></a>
<p>To accommodate the wide variety of fonts available, GNU <code class="code">troff</code>
distinguishes <em class="dfn">font families</em> and <em class="dfn">font styles</em>. A resolved
font name is the catenation of a font family and a style. Selecting an
abstract style causes GNU <code class="code">troff</code> to combine it with the default
font family.
</p>
<p>You can thus compose a document using abstract styles exclusively for
its body or running text, selecting a specific family only for titles or
examples, for instance, and change the default family on the command
line (recall <a class="ref" href="Groff-Options.html">Options</a>).
</p>
<p>Fonts for the devices <code class="code">ps</code>, <code class="code">pdf</code>, <code class="code">dvi</code>, <code class="code">lj4</code>,
<code class="code">lbp</code>, and the X11 devices support this mechanism. By default,
GNU <code class="code">troff</code> uses the Times family with the four styles ‘<samp class="samp">R</samp>’,
‘<samp class="samp">I</samp>’, ‘<samp class="samp">B</samp>’, and ‘<samp class="samp">BI</samp>’.
</p>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002efam"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.fam</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[<span class="r"><i class="slanted">family</i></span>]</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002efam'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-fam"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005b_002efam_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[.fam]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005b_002efam_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002efam-1"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cFf"><span class="category-def">Escape sequence: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\F</code><span class="r"><i class="slanted">f</i></span><code class="t"></code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cFf'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005cF"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cF_0028fm"><span class="category-def">Escape sequence: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\F(</code><span class="r"><i class="slanted">fm</i></span><code class="t"></code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cF_0028fm'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cF_005bfamily_005d"><span class="category-def">Escape sequence: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\F[</code><span class="r"><i class="slanted">family</i></span><code class="t">]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cF_005bfamily_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-changing-font-family-_0028fam_002c-_005cF_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-font-family_002c-changing-_0028fam_002c-_005cF_0029"></a>
<p>Set the default font family, used in combination with abstract styles to
construct a resolved font name, to <var class="var">family</var> (one-character
name <var class="var">f</var>, two-character name <var class="var">fm</var>). If no argument is
given, GNU <code class="code">troff</code> selects the previous font family; if there none,
is it falls back to the device’s default<a class="footnote" id="DOCF76" href="groff.html_fot.html#FOOT76"><sup>76</sup></a> or its own (‘<samp class="samp">T</samp>’).
</p>
<p>The <code class="code">\F</code> escape sequence works similarly. In disanalogy to
<code class="code">\f</code>, ‘<samp class="samp">\FP</samp>’ makes ‘<samp class="samp">P</samp>’ the default family. Use
‘<samp class="samp">\F[]</samp>’ to select the previous default family. The default font
family is available in the read-only string-valued register <code class="code">.fam</code>;
it is associated with the environment (see <a class="pxref" href="Environments.html">Environments</a>).
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">spam, \" startup defaults are T (Times) R (roman)
.fam H \" make Helvetica the default family
spam, \" family H + style R = HR
.ft B \" family H + style B = HB
spam,
.ft CR \" Courier roman (default family not changed)
spam,
.ft \" back to Helvetica bold
spam,
.fam T \" make Times the default family
spam, \" family T + style B = TB
.ft AR \" font AR (not a style)
baked beans,
.ft R \" family T + style R = TR
and spam.
</pre></div></div>
<p><code class="code">\F</code> doesn’t produce an input token in GNU <code class="code">troff</code>. As a
consequence, it can be used in requests like <code class="code">mc</code> (which expects
a single character as an argument) to change the font family on the fly.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.mc \F[P]x\F[]
</pre></div></div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002esty"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.sty</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">n style</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002esty'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-sty"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005b_002esty_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[.sty]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005b_002esty_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002esty-1"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-setting-up-an-abstract-font-style-_0028sty_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-abstract-font-style_002c-setting-up-_0028sty_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-font-style_002c-abstract_002c-setting-up-_0028sty_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-style_002c-font_002c-abstract_002c-setting-up-_0028sty_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-cs-request_002c-and-font-styles"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-bd-request_002c-and-font-styles"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-tkf-request_002c-and-font-styles"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-uf-request_002c-and-font-styles"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-fspecial-request_002c-and-font-styles"></a>
<p>Associate an abstract style <var class="var">style</var> with mounting
position <var class="var">n</var>, which must be a non-negative integer. If the
requests <code class="code">cs</code>, <code class="code">bd</code>, <code class="code">tkf</code>, <code class="code">uf</code>, or <code class="code">fspecial</code>
are applied to an abstract style, they are instead applied to the member
of the current family corresponding to that style.
</p>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-DESC-1"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-styles-1"></a>
<p>The default family can be set with the <samp class="option">-f</samp> option (see <a class="pxref" href="Groff-Options.html">Options</a>). The <code class="code">styles</code> command in the <samp class="file">DESC</samp> file controls
which font positions (if any) are initially associated with abstract
styles rather than fonts.
</p>
<p><strong class="strong">Caution:</strong> The <var class="var">style</var> argument is not validated.
Errors may occur later, when the formatter attempts to construct a
resolved font name, or format a character for output.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.nr BarPos \n[.fp]
.sty \n[.fp] Bar
.fam Foo
.ft \n[BarPos]
.tm .f=\n[.f]
A
error→ error: no font family named 'Foo' exists
error→ .f=41
error→ error: cannot format glyph: no current font
</pre></div></div>
<p>When an abstract style has been selected, the read-only string-valued
register ‘<samp class="samp">.sty</samp>’ interpolates its name; this datum is associated
with the environment (see <a class="pxref" href="Environments.html">Environments</a>). Otherwise, ‘<samp class="samp">.sty</samp>’
interpolates nothing.
</p></dd></dl>
</div>
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