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<title>Manipulating Filling and Adjustment (The GNU Troff Manual)</title>
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<hr>
<h3 class="section" id="Manipulating-Filling-and-Adjustment-1">5.9 Manipulating Filling and Adjustment</h3>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-manipulating-filling-and-adjustment"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-filling-and-adjustment_002c-manipulating"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-adjustment-and-filling_002c-manipulating"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-justifying-text"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-text_002c-justifying"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-break-1"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-line-break"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-bp-request_002c-causing-implicit-break"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-ce-request_002c-causing-implicit-break"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-cf-request_002c-causing-implicit-break"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-fi-request_002c-causing-implicit-break"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-fl-request_002c-causing-implicit-break"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-in-request_002c-causing-implicit-break"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-nf-request_002c-causing-implicit-break"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-rj-request_002c-causing-implicit-break"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-sp-request_002c-causing-implicit-break"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-ti-request_002c-causing-implicit-break"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-trf-request_002c-causing-implicit-break"></a>
<p>When an output line is pending (see below), a break moves the drawing
position to the beginning of the next text baseline, interrupting
filling. Various ways of causing breaks were shown in <a class="ref" href="Breaking.html">Breaking</a>.
The <code class="code">br</code> request likewise causes a break. Several other requests
imply breaks: <code class="code">bp</code>, <code class="code">ce</code>, <code class="code">cf</code>, <code class="code">fi</code>, <code class="code">fl</code>,
<code class="code">in</code>, <code class="code">nf</code>, <code class="code">rj</code>, <code class="code">sp</code>, <code class="code">ti</code>, and <code class="code">trf</code>.
If the no-break control character is used with any of these requests,
GNU <code class="code">troff</code> suppresses the break; instead the requested operation
takes effect at the next break. ‘<samp class="samp">'br</samp>’ does nothing.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.ll 55n
This line is normally filled and adjusted.
.br
A line's alignment is decided
'ce \" Center the next input line (no break).
when it is output.
This line returns to normal filling and adjustment.
⇒ This line is normally filled and adjusted.
⇒ A line's alignment is decided when it is output.
⇒ This line returns to normal filling and adjustment.
</pre></div></div>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-pending-output-line"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-partially-collected-line"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-output-line-properties"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-properties-of-output-lines"></a>
<p>Output line properties like page offset, indentation, adjustment, and
even the location of its text baseline, are not determined until the
line has been broken. An output line is said to be <em class="dfn">pending</em> if
some input has been collected but an output line corresponding to it has
not yet been written; such an output line is also termed <em class="dfn">partially
collected</em>. If no output line is pending, it is as if a break has
already happened; additional breaks, whether explicit or implicit, have
no effect. If the vertical drawing position is negative—as it is when
the formatter starts up—a break starts a new page (even if no output
line is pending) unless an end-of-input macro is being interpreted.
See <a class="xref" href="End_002dof_002dinput-Traps.html">End-of-input Traps</a>.
</p>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002ebr"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.br</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002ebr'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-br"></a>
<p>Break the line: emit any pending output line without adjustment.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">foo bar
.br
baz
'br
qux
⇒ foo bar
⇒ baz qux
</pre></div></div>
</dd></dl>
<p>Sometimes you want to prevent a break within a phrase or between a
quantity and its units.
</p>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_005c_007e-1"><span class="category-def">Escape sequence: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\~</code><span class="r"><i class="slanted"></i></span><code class="t"></code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005c_007e-1'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005c_007e"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-unbreakable-space-_0028_005c_007e_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-space_002c-unbreakable-_0028_005c_007e_0029"></a>
<p>Insert an unbreakable space that is adjustable like an ordinary space.
It is discarded from the end of an output line if a break is forced.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">Set the output speed to\~1.
There are 1,024\~bytes in 1\~KiB.
J.\~F.\~Ossanna wrote the original CSTR\~#54.
</pre></div></div>
</dd></dl>
<p>By default, GNU <code class="code">troff</code> fills text and adjusts it to reach the
output line length. The <code class="code">nf</code> request disables filling; the
<code class="code">fi</code> request re�nables it.
</p>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002efi"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.fi</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002efi'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-fi"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005b_002eu_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[.u]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005b_002eu_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002eu"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-filling-of-output_002c-enabling-_0028fi_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-output_002c-filling_002c-enablement-of-_0028fi_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-fill-mode-_0028fi_0029_002c-enabling"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-mode_002c-fill-_0028fi_0029_002c-enabling"></a>
<p>Enable filling of output lines; a pending output line is broken. The
read-only register <code class="code">.u</code> is set to 1. The filling enablement
status, sometimes called <em class="dfn">fill mode</em>, is associated with the
environment (see <a class="pxref" href="Environments.html">Environments</a>). See <a class="xref" href="Line-Continuation.html">Line Continuation</a>, for
interaction with the <code class="code">\c</code> escape sequence.
</p></dd></dl>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002enf"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.nf</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002enf'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-nf"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-filling-of-output_002c-disabling-_0028nf_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-output_002c-filling_002c-disablement-of-_0028nf_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-no_002dfill-mode"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-mode_002c-no_002dfill"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-fill-mode_002c-disabling"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-mode_002c-fill_002c-disabling"></a>
<p>Disable filling of output lines: the output line length (see <a class="pxref" href="Line-Layout.html">Line Layout</a>) is ignored and output lines are broken where the input lines
are. A pending output line is broken and adjustment is suppressed. The
read-only register <code class="code">.u</code> is set to 0. The filling enablement
status is associated with the environment (see <a class="pxref" href="Environments.html">Environments</a>). See
<a class="ref" href="Line-Continuation.html">Line Continuation</a>, for interaction with the <code class="code">\c</code> escape
sequence.
</p></dd></dl>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002ead"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.ad</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[<span class="r"><i class="slanted">mode</i></span>]</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002ead'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-ad"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005b_002ej_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[.j]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005b_002ej_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002ej"></a>
<p>Enable output line adjustment in <var class="var">mode</var>, taking effect when the
pending (or next) output line is broken. Adjustment is suppressed when
filling is. <var class="var">mode</var> can have one of the following values.
</p>
<dl class="table">
<dt><code class="code">b</code></dt>
<dt><code class="code">n</code></dt>
<dd><p>Adjust “normally”: if the output line does not consume the distance
between the indentation and the configured output line length, GNU
<code class="code">troff</code> stretches adjustable spaces within the line until that
length is reached. When the indentation is zero, this mode spreads the
line to both the left and right margins. This is the GNU <code class="code">troff</code>
default.
</p>
</dd>
<dt id='index-centered-text-_0028filled_0029'><span><code class="code">c</code><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-centered-text-_0028filled_0029'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><p>Center filled text. Contrast with the <code class="code">ce</code> request, which centers
text <em class="emph">without</em> filling it.
</p>
</dd>
<dt id='index-ragged_002dright-text'><span><code class="code">l</code><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-ragged_002dright-text'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><p>Align text to the left without adjusting it.
</p>
</dd>
<dt id='index-ragged_002dleft-text'><span><code class="code">r</code><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-ragged_002dleft-text'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><p>Align text to the right without adjusting it.
</p></dd>
</dl>
<p><var class="var">mode</var> can also be a value previously stored in the <code class="code">.j</code>
register. Using <code class="code">ad</code> without an argument is the same as ‘<samp class="samp">.ad
\n[.j]</samp>’; unless filling is disabled, GNU <code class="code">troff</code> resumes adjusting
lines in the same way it did before adjustment was disabled by
invocation of the <code class="code">na</code> request.
</p>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-adjustment-mode-register-_0028_002ej_0029"></a>
<p>The adjustment mode and enablement status are encoded in the read-only
register <code class="code">.j</code>. These parameters are associated with the
environment (see <a class="pxref" href="Environments.html">Environments</a>).
</p>
<p>The value of <code class="code">.j</code> for any adjustment mode is an implementation
detail and should not be relied upon as a programmer’s interface. Do
not write logic to interpret or perform arithmetic on it.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.ll 48n
.de AD
. br
. ad \\$1
..
.de NA
. br
. na
..
left
.AD r
.nr ad \n(.j
right
.AD c
center
.NA
left
.AD
center
.AD \n(ad
right
</pre></div></div>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted"> ⇒ left
⇒ right
⇒ center
⇒ left
⇒ center
⇒ right
</pre></div></div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002ena"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.na</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002ena'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-na"></a>
<p>Disable output line adjustment. This produces the same output as
left-alignment, but the value of the adjustment mode register <code class="code">.j</code>
is altered differently. The adjustment mode and enablement status are
associated with the environment (see <a class="pxref" href="Environments.html">Environments</a>).
</p></dd></dl>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002ebrp"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.brp</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002ebrp'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-brp"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cp-1"><span class="category-def">Escape sequence: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\p</code><span class="r"><i class="slanted"></i></span><code class="t"></code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cp-1'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005cp"></a>
<p>Break, adjusting the line per the current adjustment mode. <code class="code">\p</code>
schedules a break with adjustment at the next word boundary. The escape
sequence is itself neither a break nor a space of any kind; it can thus
be placed in the middle of a word to cause a break at the end of that
word.
</p>
<p>Breaking with immediate adjustment can produce ugly results since GNU
<code class="code">troff</code> doesn’t have a sophisticated paragraph-building algorithm,
as TeX has, for example. Instead, GNU <code class="code">troff</code> fills and adjusts
a paragraph line by line.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.ll 4.5i
This is an uninteresting sentence.
This is an uninteresting sentence.\p
This is an uninteresting sentence.
</pre></div></div>
<p>is formatted as follows.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">This is an uninteresting sentence. This is
an uninteresting sentence.
This is an uninteresting sentence.
</pre></div></div>
</dd></dl>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-productive-input-line"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-input-line_002c-productive"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-line_002c-productive-input"></a>
<p>To clearly present the next couple of requests, we must introduce the
concept of “productive” input lines. A <em class="dfn">productive input line</em> is
one that directly produces formatted output. Text lines produce
output,<a class="footnote" id="DOCF53" href="groff.html_fot.html#FOOT53"><sup>53</sup></a> as do control
lines containing requests like <code class="code">tl</code> or escape sequences like
<code class="code">\D</code>. Macro calls are not <em class="emph">directly</em> productive, and thus not
counted, but their interpolated contents can be. Empty requests, and
requests and escape sequences that define registers or strings or alter
the formatting environment (as with changes to the size, face, height,
slant, or color of the type) are not productive. We will also preview
the output line continuation escape sequence, <code class="code">\c</code>, which
“connects” two input lines that would otherwise be counted separately.
<a class="footnote" id="DOCF54" href="groff.html_fot.html#FOOT54"><sup>54</sup></a>
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.de hello
Hello, world!
..
.ce \" center output of next productive input line
.
.nr junk-reg 1
.ft I
Chorus: \c
.ft
.hello
Went the day well?
⇒ <i class="slanted">Chorus:</i> Hello, world!
⇒ Went the day well?
</pre></div></div>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002ece"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.ce</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[<span class="r"><i class="slanted">n</i></span>]</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002ece'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-ce"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005b_002ece_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[.ce]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005b_002ece_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002ece-1"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-centered-text-_0028unfilled_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-centering-lines-_0028ce_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-lines_002c-centering-_0028ce_0029"></a>
<p>Break (unless the no-break control character is used), center the output
of the next <var class="var">n</var> productive input lines with respect to the line
length and indentation without filling, then break again regardless of
the invoking control character.
If the argument is not positive, centering is disabled. Omitting the
argument implies an <var class="var">n</var> of ‘<samp class="samp">1</samp>’. The count of lines remaining
to be centered is stored in the read-only register <code class="code">.ce</code> and is
associated with the environment (see <a class="pxref" href="Environments.html">Environments</a>).
</p>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-ce-request_002c-difference-from-_002ead-c"></a>
<p>While the ‘<samp class="samp">.ad c</samp>’<!-- /@w --> request also centers text, it fills the text
as well.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.de FR
This is a small text fragment that shows the differences
between the `.ce' and the `.ad c' requests.
..
.ll 4i
.ce 1000
.FR
.ce 0
.ad c
.FR
⇒ This is a small text fragment that shows
⇒ the differences
⇒ between the ‘.ce’ and the ‘.ad c’ requests.
⇒
⇒ This is a small text fragment that shows
⇒ the differences between the ‘.ce’ and
⇒ the ‘.ad c’ requests.
</pre></div></div>
<p>The previous example illustrates a common idiom of turning centering on
for a quantity of lines far in excess of what is required, and off again
after the text to be centered. This technique relieves humans of
counting lines for requests that take a count of input lines as an
argument.
</p></dd></dl>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002erj"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.rj</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[<span class="r"><i class="slanted">n</i></span>]</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002erj'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-rj"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005b_002erj_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[.rj]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005b_002erj_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002erj-1"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-justifying-text-_0028rj_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-text_002c-justifying-_0028rj_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-right_002djustifying-_0028rj_0029"></a>
<p>Break (unless the no-break control character is used), align the output
of the next <var class="var">n</var> productive input lines to the right margin without
filling, then break again regardless of the control character.
If the argument is not positive, right-alignment is disabled. Omitting
the argument implies an <var class="var">n</var> of ‘<samp class="samp">1</samp>’. The count of lines
remaining to be right-aligned is stored in the read-only register
<code class="code">.rj</code> and is associated with the environment
(see <a class="pxref" href="Environments.html">Environments</a>).
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.ll 49n
.rj 3
At first I hoped that such a technically unsound
project would collapse but I soon realized it was
doomed to success. \[em] C. A. R. Hoare
⇒ At first I hoped that such a technically unsound
⇒ project would collapse but I soon realized it was
⇒ doomed to success. -- C. A. R. Hoare
</pre></div></div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002ess"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.ss</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">word-space-size [<span class="r"><i class="slanted">additional-sentence-space-size</i></span>]</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002ess'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-ss"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005b_002ess_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[.ss]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005b_002ess_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002ess-1"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005b_002esss_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[.sss]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005b_002esss_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002esss"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-word-space-size-register-_0028_002ess_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-size-of-word-space-register-_0028_002ess_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-space-between-words-register-_0028_002ess_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-inter_002dsentence-space-size-register-_0028_002esss_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-sentence-space-size-register-_0028_002esss_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-size-of-sentence-space-register-_0028_002esss_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-space-between-sentences-register-_0028_002esss_0029"></a>
<p>Set the sizes of spaces between words and
sentences<a class="footnote" id="DOCF55" href="groff.html_fot.html#FOOT55"><sup>55</sup></a> in twelfths
of font’s space width (typically one-fourth to one-third em for Western
scripts). The default for both parameters is 12. Negative values
are erroneous.
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-inter_002dword-spacing_002c-minimal"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-minimal-inter_002dword-spacing"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-space_002c-between-words"></a>
The first argument is a minimum; if an output line undergoes adjustment,
such spaces may increase in width.
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-inter_002dsentence-space_002c-additional"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-additional-inter_002dsentence-space"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-space_002c-between-sentences"></a>
The optional second argument sets the amount of additional space
separating sentences on the same output line. If omitted, this amount
is set to <var class="var">word-space-size</var>. The request is ignored if there are no
parameters.
</p>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-filling_002c-and-inter_002dsentence-space"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-mode_002c-fill_002c-and-inter_002dsentence-space"></a>
<p>Additional inter-sentence space is used only if the output line is not
full when the end of a sentence occurs in the input. If a sentence ends
at the end of an input line, then both an inter-word space and an
inter-sentence space are added to the output; if two spaces follow the
end of a sentence in the middle of an input line, then the second space
becomes an inter-sentence space in the output. Additional
inter-sentence space is not adjusted, but the inter-word space that
always precedes it may be. Further input spaces after the second, if
present, are adjusted as normal.
</p>
<p>The read-only registers <code class="code">.ss</code> and <code class="code">.sss</code> hold the minimal
inter-word space and additional inter-sentence space amounts,
respectively. These parameters are part of the environment
(see <a class="pxref" href="Environments.html">Environments</a>), and rounded down to the nearest multiple
of 12 on terminals.
</p>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-discardable-horizontal-space"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-space_002c-discardable_002c-horizontal"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-horizontal-discardable-space"></a>
<p>The <code class="code">ss</code> request can insert discardable horizontal space; that is,
space that is discarded at a break. For example, some footnote styles
collect the notes into a single paragraph with large gaps between
each note.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.ll 48n
1.\~J. Fict. Ch. Soc. 6 (2020), 3\[en]14.
.ss 12 48 \" applies to next sentence ending
Reprints no longer available through FCS.
.ss 12 \" go back to normal
2.\~Better known for other work.
⇒ 1. J. Fict. Ch. Soc. 6 (2020), 3-14. Reprints
⇒ no longer available through FCS. 2. Better
⇒ known for other work.
</pre></div></div>
<p>If <em class="emph">undiscardable</em> space is required, use the <code class="code">\h</code> escape
sequence.
</p></dd></dl>
</div>
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<p>
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