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+/* $Id: kDefs.h 120 2022-02-18 02:00:53Z bird $ */
+/** @file
+ * kTypes - Defines and Macros.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2017 Knut St. Osmundsen <bird-kStuff-spamix@anduin.net>
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
+ * obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
+ * files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
+ * restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
+ * copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+ * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
+ * conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
+ * OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+ * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
+ * HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+ * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
+ * OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ___k_kDefs_h___
+#define ___k_kDefs_h___
+
+/** @defgroup grp_kDefs kDefs - Defines and Macros
+ * @{ */
+
+/** @name Operative System Identifiers.
+ * These are the value that the K_OS \#define can take.
+ * @{
+ */
+/** Unknown OS. */
+#define K_OS_UNKNOWN 0
+/** Darwin - aka Mac OS X. */
+#define K_OS_DARWIN 1
+/** DragonFly BSD. */
+#define K_OS_DRAGONFLY 2
+/** FreeBSD. */
+#define K_OS_FREEBSD 3
+/** GNU/Hurd. */
+#define K_OS_GNU_HURD 4
+/** GNU/kFreeBSD. */
+#define K_OS_GNU_KFBSD 5
+/** GNU/kNetBSD or GNU/NetBSD or whatever the decide to call it. */
+#define K_OS_GNU_KNBSD 6
+/** Haiku. */
+#define K_OS_HAIKU 7
+/** Linux. */
+#define K_OS_LINUX 8
+/** NetBSD. */
+#define K_OS_NETBSD 9
+/** NT (native). */
+#define K_OS_NT 10
+/** OpenBSD*/
+#define K_OS_OPENBSD 11
+/** OS/2 */
+#define K_OS_OS2 12
+/** Solaris */
+#define K_OS_SOLARIS 13
+/** Windows. */
+#define K_OS_WINDOWS 14
+/** The max K_OS_* value (exclusive). */
+#define K_OS_MAX 15
+/** @} */
+
+/** @def K_OS
+ * Indicates which OS we're targetting. It's a \#define with is
+ * assigned one of the K_OS_* defines above.
+ *
+ * So to test if we're on FreeBSD do the following:
+ * @code
+ * #if K_OS == K_OS_FREEBSD
+ * some_funky_freebsd_specific_stuff();
+ * #endif
+ * @endcode
+ */
+#ifndef K_OS
+# if defined(__APPLE__)
+# define K_OS K_OS_DARWIN
+# elif defined(__DragonFly__)
+# define K_OS K_OS_DRAGONFLY
+# elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+# define K_OS K_OS_FREEBSD
+# elif defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
+# define K_OS K_OS_GNU_KFBSD
+# elif defined(__gnu_hurd__)
+# define K_OS K_OS_GNU_HURD
+# elif defined(__gnu_linux__)
+# define K_OS K_OS_LINUX
+# elif defined(__NetBSD__) /*??*/
+# define K_OS K_OS_NETBSD
+# elif defined(__NetBSD_kernel__)
+# define K_OS K_OS_GNU_KNBSD
+# elif defined(__OpenBSD__) /*??*/
+# define K_OS K_OS_OPENBSD
+# elif defined(__OS2__)
+# define K_OS K_OS_OS2
+# elif defined(__sun__) || defined(__SunOS__) || defined(__sun) || defined(__SunOS)
+# define K_OS K_OS_SOLARIS
+# elif defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64)
+# define K_OS K_OS_WINDOWS
+# elif defined(__haiku__) || defined(__HAIKU__)
+# define K_OS K_OS_HAIKU
+# else
+# error "Port Me"
+# endif
+#endif
+#if K_OS < K_OS_UNKNOWN || K_OS >= K_OS_MAX
+# error "Invalid K_OS value."
+#endif
+
+
+
+/** @name Architecture bit width.
+ * @{ */
+#define K_ARCH_BIT_8 0x0100 /**< 8-bit */
+#define K_ARCH_BIT_16 0x0200 /**< 16-bit */
+#define K_ARCH_BIT_32 0x0400 /**< 32-bit */
+#define K_ARCH_BIT_64 0x0800 /**< 64-bit */
+#define K_ARCH_BIT_128 0x1000 /**< 128-bit */
+#define K_ARCH_BIT_MASK 0x1f00 /**< The bit mask. */
+#define K_ARCH_BIT_SHIFT 5 /**< Shift count for producing the width in bits. */
+#define K_ARCH_BYTE_SHIFT 8 /**< Shift count for producing the width in bytes. */
+/** @} */
+
+/** @name Architecture Endianness.
+ * @{ */
+#define K_ARCH_END_LITTLE 0x2000 /**< Little-endian. */
+#define K_ARCH_END_BIG 0x4000 /**< Big-endian. */
+#define K_ARCH_END_BI 0x6000 /**< Bi-endian, can be switched. */
+#define K_ARCH_END_MASK 0x6000 /**< The endian mask. */
+#define K_ARCH_END_SHIFT 13 /**< Shift count for converting between this K_ENDIAN_*. */
+/** @} */
+
+/** @name Architecture Identifiers.
+ * These are the value that the K_ARCH \#define can take.
+ *@{ */
+/** Unknown CPU architecture. */
+#define K_ARCH_UNKNOWN ( 0 )
+/** Clone or Intel 16-bit x86. */
+#define K_ARCH_X86_16 ( 1 | K_ARCH_BIT_16 | K_ARCH_END_LITTLE)
+/** Clone or Intel 32-bit x86. */
+#define K_ARCH_X86_32 ( 1 | K_ARCH_BIT_32 | K_ARCH_END_LITTLE)
+/** AMD64 (including clones). */
+#define K_ARCH_AMD64 ( 2 | K_ARCH_BIT_64 | K_ARCH_END_LITTLE)
+/** Itanic (64-bit). */
+#define K_ARCH_IA64 ( 3 | K_ARCH_BIT_64 | K_ARCH_END_BI)
+/** ALPHA (64-bit). */
+#define K_ARCH_ALPHA ( 4 | K_ARCH_BIT_64 | K_ARCH_END_BI)
+/** ALPHA limited to 32-bit. */
+#define K_ARCH_ALPHA_32 ( 4 | K_ARCH_BIT_32 | K_ARCH_END_BI)
+/** 32-bit ARM. */
+#define K_ARCH_ARM_32 ( 5 | K_ARCH_BIT_32 | K_ARCH_END_BI)
+/** 64-bit ARM. */
+#define K_ARCH_ARM_64 ( 5 | K_ARCH_BIT_64 | K_ARCH_END_BI)
+/** Motorola 68000 (32-bit). */
+#define K_ARCH_M68K ( 6 | K_ARCH_BIT_32 | K_ARCH_END_BIG)
+/** 32-bit MIPS. */
+#define K_ARCH_MIPS_32 ( 7 | K_ARCH_BIT_32 | K_ARCH_END_BI)
+/** 64-bit MIPS. */
+#define K_ARCH_MIPS_64 ( 7 | K_ARCH_BIT_64 | K_ARCH_END_BI)
+/** 32-bit PA-RISC. */
+#define K_ARCH_PARISC_32 ( 8 | K_ARCH_BIT_32 | K_ARCH_END_BI)
+/** 64-bit PA-RISC. */
+#define K_ARCH_PARISC_64 ( 8 | K_ARCH_BIT_64 | K_ARCH_END_BI)
+/** 32-bit PowerPC. */
+#define K_ARCH_POWERPC_32 ( 9 | K_ARCH_BIT_32 | K_ARCH_END_BI)
+/** 64-bit PowerPC. */
+#define K_ARCH_POWERPC_64 ( 9 | K_ARCH_BIT_64 | K_ARCH_END_BI)
+/** 32(31)-bit S390. */
+#define K_ARCH_S390_32 (10 | K_ARCH_BIT_32 | K_ARCH_END_BIG)
+/** 64-bit S390. */
+#define K_ARCH_S390_64 (10 | K_ARCH_BIT_64 | K_ARCH_END_BIG)
+/** 32-bit SuperH. */
+#define K_ARCH_SH_32 (11 | K_ARCH_BIT_32 | K_ARCH_END_BI)
+/** 64-bit SuperH. */
+#define K_ARCH_SH_64 (11 | K_ARCH_BIT_64 | K_ARCH_END_BI)
+/** 32-bit SPARC. */
+#define K_ARCH_SPARC_32 (12 | K_ARCH_BIT_32 | K_ARCH_END_BIG)
+/** 64-bit SPARC. */
+#define K_ARCH_SPARC_64 (12 | K_ARCH_BIT_64 | K_ARCH_END_BI)
+/** 32-bit RISC-V, little endian. */
+#define K_ARCH_RISCV_32 (13 | K_ARCH_BIT_32 | K_ARCH_END_LITTLE)
+/** 32-bit RISC-V, big endian. */
+#define K_ARCH_RISCV_32_BE (13 | K_ARCH_BIT_32 | K_ARCH_END_BIG)
+/** 64-bit RISC-V, little endian. */
+#define K_ARCH_RISCV_64 (13 | K_ARCH_BIT_64 | K_ARCH_END_LITTLE)
+/** 64-bit RISC-V, big endian. */
+#define K_ARCH_RISCV_64_BE (13 | K_ARCH_BIT_64 | K_ARCH_END_BIG)
+/** The end of the valid architecture values (exclusive). */
+#define K_ARCH_MAX (12+1)
+/** @} */
+
+
+/** @def K_ARCH
+ * The value of this \#define indicates which architecture we're targetting.
+ */
+#ifndef K_ARCH
+ /* detection based on compiler defines. */
+# if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__AMD64__) || defined(_M_X64) || defined(__amd64)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_AMD64
+# elif defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86__) || defined(__X86__) || defined(_M_IX86) || defined(__i386)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_X86_32
+# elif defined(__ia64__) || defined(__IA64__) || defined(_M_IA64)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_IA64
+# elif defined(__alpha__)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_ALPHA
+# elif defined(__arm__) || defined(__arm32__)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_ARM_32
+# elif defined(__aarch64__) || defined(__arm64__)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_ARM_64
+# elif defined(__hppa__) && defined(__LP64__)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_PARISC_64
+# elif defined(__hppa__)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_PARISC_32
+# elif defined(__m68k__)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_M68K
+# elif defined(__mips64)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_MIPS_64
+# elif defined(__mips__)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_MIPS_32
+# elif defined(__powerpc64__) || defined(__ppc64__) || defined(__PPC64__)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_POWERPC_64
+# elif defined(__powerpc__) || defined(__ppc__) || defined(__PPC__)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_POWERPC_32
+# elif defined(__riscv)
+# if __BYTE_ORDER__ == WORDS_BIG_ENDIAN
+# if defined(__riscv32) || __riscv_xlen+0 == 32
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_RISCV_32_BE
+# else
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_RISCV_64_BE
+# endif
+# elif defined(__riscv32) || __riscv_xlen+0 == 32
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_RISCV_32
+# else
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_RISCV_64
+# endif
+# elif defined(__sparcv9__) || defined(__sparcv9)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_SPARC_64
+# elif defined(__sparc__) || defined(__sparc)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_SPARC_32
+# elif defined(__s390x__)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_S390_64
+# elif defined(__s390__)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_S390_32
+# elif defined(__sh__)
+# if !defined(__SH5__)
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_SH_32
+# else
+# if __SH5__ == 64
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_SH_64
+# else
+# define K_ARCH K_ARCH_SH_32
+# endif
+# endif
+# else
+# error "Port Me"
+# endif
+#else
+ /* validate the user specified value. */
+# if (K_ARCH & K_ARCH_BIT_MASK) != K_ARCH_BIT_8 \
+ && (K_ARCH & K_ARCH_BIT_MASK) != K_ARCH_BIT_16 \
+ && (K_ARCH & K_ARCH_BIT_MASK) != K_ARCH_BIT_32 \
+ && (K_ARCH & K_ARCH_BIT_MASK) != K_ARCH_BIT_64 \
+ && (K_ARCH & K_ARCH_BIT_MASK) != K_ARCH_BIT_128
+# error "Invalid K_ARCH value (bit)"
+# endif
+# if (K_ARCH & K_ARCH_END_MASK) != K_ARCH_END_LITTLE \
+ && (K_ARCH & K_ARCH_END_MASK) != K_ARCH_END_BIG \
+ && (K_ARCH & K_ARCH_END_MASK) != K_ARCH_END_BI
+# error "Invalid K_ARCH value (endian)"
+# endif
+# if (K_ARCH & ~(K_ARCH_BIT_MASK | K_ARCH_BIT_END_MASK)) < K_ARCH_UNKNOWN \
+ || (K_ARCH & ~(K_ARCH_BIT_MASK | K_ARCH_BIT_END_MASK)) >= K_ARCH_MAX
+# error "Invalid K_ARCH value"
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/** @def K_ARCH_IS_VALID
+ * Check if the architecture identifier is valid.
+ * @param arch The K_ARCH_* define to examin.
+ */
+#define K_ARCH_IS_VALID(arch) ( ( ((arch) & K_ARCH_BIT_MASK) == K_ARCH_BIT_8 \
+ || ((arch) & K_ARCH_BIT_MASK) == K_ARCH_BIT_16 \
+ || ((arch) & K_ARCH_BIT_MASK) == K_ARCH_BIT_32 \
+ || ((arch) & K_ARCH_BIT_MASK) == K_ARCH_BIT_64 \
+ || ((arch) & K_ARCH_BIT_MASK) == K_ARCH_BIT_128) \
+ && \
+ ( ((arch) & K_ARCH_END_MASK) == K_ARCH_END_LITTLE \
+ || ((arch) & K_ARCH_END_MASK) == K_ARCH_END_BIG \
+ || ((arch) & K_ARCH_END_MASK) == K_ARCH_END_BI) \
+ && \
+ ( ((arch) & ~(K_ARCH_BIT_MASK | K_ARCH_END_MASK)) >= K_ARCH_UNKNOWN \
+ && ((arch) & ~(K_ARCH_BIT_MASK | K_ARCH_END_MASK)) < K_ARCH_MAX) \
+ )
+
+/** @def K_ARCH_BITS_EX
+ * Determin the architure byte width of the specified architecture.
+ * @param arch The K_ARCH_* define to examin.
+ */
+#define K_ARCH_BITS_EX(arch) ( ((arch) & K_ARCH_BIT_MASK) >> K_ARCH_BIT_SHIFT )
+
+/** @def K_ARCH_BYTES_EX
+ * Determin the architure byte width of the specified architecture.
+ * @param arch The K_ARCH_* define to examin.
+ */
+#define K_ARCH_BYTES_EX(arch) ( ((arch) & K_ARCH_BIT_MASK) >> K_ARCH_BYTE_SHIFT )
+
+/** @def K_ARCH_ENDIAN_EX
+ * Determin the K_ENDIAN value for the specified architecture.
+ * @param arch The K_ARCH_* define to examin.
+ */
+#define K_ARCH_ENDIAN_EX(arch) ( ((arch) & K_ARCH_END_MASK) >> K_ARCH_END_SHIFT )
+
+/** @def K_ARCH_BITS
+ * Determin the target architure bit width.
+ */
+#define K_ARCH_BITS K_ARCH_BITS_EX(K_ARCH)
+
+/** @def K_ARCH_BYTES
+ * Determin the target architure byte width.
+ */
+#define K_ARCH_BYTES K_ARCH_BYTES_EX(K_ARCH)
+
+/** @def K_ARCH_ENDIAN
+ * Determin the target K_ENDIAN value.
+ */
+#define K_ARCH_ENDIAN K_ARCH_ENDIAN_EX(K_ARCH)
+
+
+
+/** @name Endianness Identifiers.
+ * These are the value that the K_ENDIAN \#define can take.
+ * @{ */
+#define K_ENDIAN_LITTLE 1 /**< Little-endian. */
+#define K_ENDIAN_BIG 2 /**< Big-endian. */
+#define K_ENDIAN_BI 3 /**< Bi-endian, can be switched. Only used with K_ARCH. */
+/** @} */
+
+/** @def K_ENDIAN
+ * The value of this \#define indicates the target endianness.
+ *
+ * @remark It's necessary to define this (or add the necessary deduction here)
+ * on bi-endian architectures.
+ */
+#ifndef K_ENDIAN
+ /* use K_ARCH if possible. */
+# if K_ARCH_ENDIAN != K_ENDIAN_BI
+# define K_ENDIAN K_ARCH_ENDIAN
+# elif defined(__BYTE_ORDER__) && defined(__ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__) && defined(__ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__)
+# if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+# define K_ENDIAN K_ENDIAN_LITTLE
+# elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
+# define K_ENDIAN K_ENDIAN_BIG
+# else
+# error "Port Me or define K_ENDIAN."
+# endif
+# else
+# error "Port Me or define K_ENDIAN."
+# endif
+#else
+ /* validate the user defined value. */
+# if K_ENDIAN != K_ENDIAN_LITTLE \
+ && K_ENDIAN != K_ENDIAN_BIG
+# error "K_ENDIAN must either be defined as K_ENDIAN_LITTLE or as K_ENDIAN_BIG."
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/** @name Endian Conversion
+ * @{ */
+
+/** @def K_E2E_U16
+ * Convert the endian of an unsigned 16-bit value. */
+# define K_E2E_U16(u16) ( (KU16) (((u16) >> 8) | ((u16) << 8)) )
+/** @def K_E2E_U32
+ * Convert the endian of an unsigned 32-bit value. */
+# define K_E2E_U32(u32) ( ( ((u32) & KU32_C(0xff000000)) >> 24 ) \
+ | ( ((u32) & KU32_C(0x00ff0000)) >> 8 ) \
+ | ( ((u32) & KU32_C(0x0000ff00)) << 8 ) \
+ | ( ((u32) & KU32_C(0x000000ff)) << 24 ) \
+ )
+/** @def K_E2E_U64
+ * Convert the endian of an unsigned 64-bit value. */
+# define K_E2E_U64(u64) ( ( ((u64) & KU64_C(0xff00000000000000)) >> 56 ) \
+ | ( ((u64) & KU64_C(0x00ff000000000000)) >> 40 ) \
+ | ( ((u64) & KU64_C(0x0000ff0000000000)) >> 24 ) \
+ | ( ((u64) & KU64_C(0x000000ff00000000)) >> 8 ) \
+ | ( ((u64) & KU64_C(0x00000000ff000000)) << 8 ) \
+ | ( ((u64) & KU64_C(0x0000000000ff0000)) << 24 ) \
+ | ( ((u64) & KU64_C(0x000000000000ff00)) << 40 ) \
+ | ( ((u64) & KU64_C(0x00000000000000ff)) << 56 ) \
+ )
+
+/** @def K_LE2H_U16
+ * Unsigned 16-bit little-endian to host endian. */
+/** @def K_LE2H_U32
+ * Unsigned 32-bit little-endian to host endian. */
+/** @def K_LE2H_U64
+ * Unsigned 64-bit little-endian to host endian. */
+/** @def K_BE2H_U16
+ * Unsigned 16-bit big-endian to host endian. */
+/** @def K_BE2H_U32
+ * Unsigned 32-bit big-endian to host endian. */
+/** @def K_BE2H_U64
+ * Unsigned 64-bit big-endian to host endian. */
+#if K_ENDIAN == K_ENDIAN_LITTLE
+# define K_LE2H_U16(u16) ((KU16)(u16))
+# define K_LE2H_U32(u32) ((KU32)(u32))
+# define K_LE2H_U64(u64) ((KU64)(u32))
+# define K_BE2H_U16(u16) K_E2E_U16(u16)
+# define K_BE2H_U32(u32) K_E2E_U32(u32)
+# define K_BE2H_U64(u64) K_E2E_U64(u64)
+#else
+# define K_LE2H_U16(u16) K_E2E_U16(u16)
+# define K_LE2H_U32(u32) K_E2E_U32(u32)
+# define K_LE2H_U64(u64) K_E2E_U64(u64)
+# define K_BE2H_U16(u16) ((KU16)(u16))
+# define K_BE2H_U32(u32) ((KU32)(u32))
+# define K_BE2H_U64(u64) ((KU64)(u32))
+#endif
+
+
+
+/** @def K_INLINE
+ * How to say 'inline' in both C and C++ dialects.
+ * @param type The return type.
+ */
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+# if defined(__GNUC__)
+# define K_INLINE static inline
+# else
+# define K_INLINE inline
+# endif
+#else
+# if defined(__GNUC__)
+# define K_INLINE static __inline__
+# elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+# define K_INLINE static __inline
+# else
+# error "Port Me"
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/** @def K_EXPORT
+ * What to put in front of an exported function.
+ */
+#if K_OS == K_OS_OS2 || K_OS == K_OS_WINDOWS
+# define K_EXPORT __declspec(dllexport)
+#else
+# define K_EXPORT
+#endif
+
+/** @def K_IMPORT
+ * What to put in front of an imported function.
+ */
+#if K_OS == K_OS_OS2 || K_OS == K_OS_WINDOWS
+# define K_IMPORT __declspec(dllimport)
+#else
+# define K_IMPORT extern
+#endif
+
+/** @def K_DECL_EXPORT
+ * Declare an exported function.
+ * @param type The return type.
+ */
+#define K_DECL_EXPORT(type) K_EXPORT type
+
+/** @def K_DECL_IMPORT
+ * Declare an import function.
+ * @param type The return type.
+ */
+#define K_DECL_IMPORT(type) K_IMPORT type
+
+/** @def K_DECL_INLINE
+ * Declare an inline function.
+ * @param type The return type.
+ * @remark Don't use on (class) methods.
+ */
+#define K_DECL_INLINE(type) K_INLINE type
+
+
+/** Get the minimum of two values. */
+#define K_MIN(a, b) ( (a) <= (b) ? (a) : (b) )
+/** Get the maximum of two values. */
+#define K_MAX(a, b) ( (a) >= (b) ? (a) : (b) )
+/** Calculate the offset of a structure member. */
+#define K_OFFSETOF(strct, memb) ( (KSIZE)( &((strct *)0)->memb ) )
+/** Align a size_t value. */
+#define K_ALIGN_Z(val, align) ( ((val) + ((align) - 1)) & ~(KSIZE)((align) - 1) )
+/** Align a void * value. */
+#define K_ALIGN_P(pv, align) ( (void *)( ((KUPTR)(pv) + ((align) - 1)) & ~(KUPTR)((align) - 1) ) )
+/** Number of elements in an array. */
+#define K_ELEMENTS(a) ( sizeof(a) / sizeof((a)[0]) )
+/** Checks if the specified pointer is a valid address or not. */
+#define K_VALID_PTR(ptr) ( (KUPTR)(ptr) + 0x1000U >= 0x2000U )
+/** Makes a 32-bit bit mask. */
+#define K_BIT32(bit) ( KU32_C(1) << (bit))
+/** Makes a 64-bit bit mask. */
+#define K_BIT64(bit) ( KU64_C(1) << (bit))
+/** Shuts up unused parameter and unused variable warnings. */
+#define K_NOREF(var) ( (void)(var) )
+
+
+/** @name Parameter validation macros
+ * @{ */
+
+/** Return/Crash validation of a string argument. */
+#define K_VALIDATE_STRING(str) \
+ do { \
+ if (!K_VALID_PTR(str)) \
+ return KERR_INVALID_POINTER; \
+ kHlpStrLen(str); \
+ } while (0)
+
+/** Return/Crash validation of an optional string argument. */
+#define K_VALIDATE_OPTIONAL_STRING(str) \
+ do { \
+ if (str) \
+ K_VALIDATE_STRING(str); \
+ } while (0)
+
+/** Return/Crash validation of an output buffer. */
+#define K_VALIDATE_BUFFER(buf, cb) \
+ do { \
+ if (!K_VALID_PTR(buf)) \
+ return KERR_INVALID_POINTER; \
+ if ((cb) != 0) \
+ { \
+ KU8 __b; \
+ KU8 volatile *__pb = (KU8 volatile *)(buf); \
+ KSIZE __cbPage1 = 0x1000 - ((KUPTR)(__pb) & 0xfff); /* ASSUMES page size! */ \
+ __b = *__pb; *__pb = 0xff; *__pb = __b; \
+ if ((cb) > __cbPage1) \
+ { \
+ KSIZE __cb = (cb) - __cbPage1; \
+ __pb -= __cbPage1; \
+ for (;;) \
+ { \
+ __b = *__pb; *__pb = 0xff; *__pb = __b; \
+ if (__cb < 0x1000) \
+ break; \
+ __pb += 0x1000; \
+ __cb -= 0x1000; \
+ } \
+ } \
+ } \
+ else \
+ return KERR_INVALID_PARAMETER; \
+ } while (0)
+
+/** Return/Crash validation of an optional output buffer. */
+#define K_VALIDATE_OPTIONAL_BUFFER(buf, cb) \
+ do { \
+ if ((buf) && (cb) != 0) \
+ K_VALIDATE_BUFFER(buf, cb); \
+ } while (0)
+
+/** Return validation of an enum argument. */
+#define K_VALIDATE_ENUM(arg, enumname) \
+ do { \
+ if ((arg) <= enumname##_INVALID || (arg) >= enumname##_END) \
+ return KERR_INVALID_PARAMETER; \
+ } while (0)
+
+/** Return validation of a flags argument. */
+#define K_VALIDATE_FLAGS(arg, AllowedMask) \
+ do { \
+ if ((arg) & ~(AllowedMask)) \
+ return KERR_INVALID_PARAMETER; \
+ } while (0)
+
+/** @} */
+
+/** @def NULL
+ * The nil pointer value. */
+#ifndef NULL
+# ifdef __cplusplus
+# define NULL 0
+# else
+# define NULL ((void *)0)
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/** @} */
+
+#endif
+