Adding upstream version 6.6.15.upstream/6.6.15

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 260 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/leds/leds-class.rst b/Documentation/leds/leds-class.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5db620ed2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/leds/leds-class.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+========================
+LED handling under Linux
+========================
+
+In its simplest form, the LED class just allows control of LEDs from
+userspace. LEDs appear in /sys/class/leds/. The maximum brightness of the
+LED is defined in max_brightness file. The brightness file will set the brightness
+of the LED (taking a value 0-max_brightness). Most LEDs don't have hardware
+brightness support so will just be turned on for non-zero brightness settings.
+
+The class also introduces the optional concept of an LED trigger. A trigger
+is a kernel based source of led events. Triggers can either be simple or
+complex. A simple trigger isn't configurable and is designed to slot into
+existing subsystems with minimal additional code. Examples are the disk-activity,
+nand-disk and sharpsl-charge triggers. With led triggers disabled, the code
+optimises away.
+
+Complex triggers while available to all LEDs have LED specific
+parameters and work on a per LED basis. The timer trigger is an example.
+The timer trigger will periodically change the LED brightness between
+LED_OFF and the current brightness setting. The "on" and "off" time can
+be specified via /sys/class/leds/<device>/delay_{on,off} in milliseconds.
+You can change the brightness value of a LED independently of the timer
+trigger. However, if you set the brightness value to LED_OFF it will
+also disable the timer trigger.
+
+You can change triggers in a similar manner to the way an IO scheduler
+is chosen (via /sys/class/leds/<device>/trigger). Trigger specific
+parameters can appear in /sys/class/leds/<device> once a given trigger is
+selected.
+
+
+Design Philosophy
+=================
+
+The underlying design philosophy is simplicity. LEDs are simple devices
+and the aim is to keep a small amount of code giving as much functionality
+as possible.  Please keep this in mind when suggesting enhancements.
+
+
+LED Device Naming
+=================
+
+Is currently of the form:
+
+	"devicename:color:function"
+
+- devicename:
+        it should refer to a unique identifier created by the kernel,
+        like e.g. phyN for network devices or inputN for input devices, rather
+        than to the hardware; the information related to the product and the bus
+        to which given device is hooked is available in sysfs and can be
+        retrieved using get_led_device_info.sh script from tools/leds; generally
+        this section is expected mostly for LEDs that are somehow associated with
+        other devices.
+
+- color:
+        one of LED_COLOR_ID_* definitions from the header
+        include/dt-bindings/leds/common.h.
+
+- function:
+        one of LED_FUNCTION_* definitions from the header
+        include/dt-bindings/leds/common.h.
+
+If required color or function is missing, please submit a patch
+to linux-leds@vger.kernel.org.
+
+It is possible that more than one LED with the same color and function will
+be required for given platform, differing only with an ordinal number.
+In this case it is preferable to just concatenate the predefined LED_FUNCTION_*
+name with required "-N" suffix in the driver. fwnode based drivers can use
+function-enumerator property for that and then the concatenation will be handled
+automatically by the LED core upon LED class device registration.
+
+LED subsystem has also a protection against name clash, that may occur
+when LED class device is created by a driver of hot-pluggable device and
+it doesn't provide unique devicename section. In this case numerical
+suffix (e.g. "_1", "_2", "_3" etc.) is added to the requested LED class
+device name.
+
+There might be still LED class drivers around using vendor or product name
+for devicename, but this approach is now deprecated as it doesn't convey
+any added value. Product information can be found in other places in sysfs
+(see tools/leds/get_led_device_info.sh).
+
+Examples of proper LED names:
+
+  - "red:disk"
+  - "white:flash"
+  - "red:indicator"
+  - "phy1:green:wlan"
+  - "phy3::wlan"
+  - ":kbd_backlight"
+  - "input5::kbd_backlight"
+  - "input3::numlock"
+  - "input3::scrolllock"
+  - "input3::capslock"
+  - "mmc1::status"
+  - "white:status"
+
+get_led_device_info.sh script can be used for verifying if the LED name
+meets the requirements pointed out here. It performs validation of the LED class
+devicename sections and gives hints on expected value for a section in case
+the validation fails for it. So far the script supports validation
+of associations between LEDs and following types of devices:
+
+        - input devices
+        - ieee80211 compliant USB devices
+
+The script is open to extensions.
+
+There have been calls for LED properties such as color to be exported as
+individual led class attributes. As a solution which doesn't incur as much
+overhead, I suggest these become part of the device name. The naming scheme
+above leaves scope for further attributes should they be needed. If sections
+of the name don't apply, just leave that section blank.
+
+
+Brightness setting API
+======================
+
+LED subsystem core exposes following API for setting brightness:
+
+    - led_set_brightness:
+		it is guaranteed not to sleep, passing LED_OFF stops
+		blinking,
+
+    - led_set_brightness_sync:
+		for use cases when immediate effect is desired -
+		it can block the caller for the time required for accessing
+		device registers and can sleep, passing LED_OFF stops hardware
+		blinking, returns -EBUSY if software blink fallback is enabled.
+
+
+LED registration API
+====================
+
+A driver wanting to register a LED classdev for use by other drivers /
+userspace needs to allocate and fill a led_classdev struct and then call
+`[devm_]led_classdev_register`. If the non devm version is used the driver
+must call led_classdev_unregister from its remove function before
+free-ing the led_classdev struct.
+
+If the driver can detect hardware initiated brightness changes and thus
+wants to have a brightness_hw_changed attribute then the LED_BRIGHT_HW_CHANGED
+flag must be set in flags before registering. Calling
+led_classdev_notify_brightness_hw_changed on a classdev not registered with
+the LED_BRIGHT_HW_CHANGED flag is a bug and will trigger a WARN_ON.
+
+Hardware accelerated blink of LEDs
+==================================
+
+Some LEDs can be programmed to blink without any CPU interaction. To
+support this feature, a LED driver can optionally implement the
+blink_set() function (see <linux/leds.h>). To set an LED to blinking,
+however, it is better to use the API function led_blink_set(), as it
+will check and implement software fallback if necessary.
+
+To turn off blinking, use the API function led_brightness_set()
+with brightness value LED_OFF, which should stop any software
+timers that may have been required for blinking.
+
+The blink_set() function should choose a user friendly blinking value
+if it is called with `*delay_on==0` && `*delay_off==0` parameters. In this
+case the driver should give back the chosen value through delay_on and
+delay_off parameters to the leds subsystem.
+
+Setting the brightness to zero with brightness_set() callback function
+should completely turn off the LED and cancel the previously programmed
+hardware blinking function, if any.
+
+Hardware driven LEDs
+====================
+
+Some LEDs can be programmed to be driven by hardware. This is not
+limited to blink but also to turn off or on autonomously.
+To support this feature, a LED needs to implement various additional
+ops and needs to declare specific support for the supported triggers.
+
+With hw control we refer to the LED driven by hardware.
+
+LED driver must define the following value to support hw control:
+
+    - hw_control_trigger:
+               unique trigger name supported by the LED in hw control
+               mode.
+
+LED driver must implement the following API to support hw control:
+    - hw_control_is_supported:
+                check if the flags passed by the supported trigger can
+                be parsed and activate hw control on the LED.
+
+                Return 0 if the passed flags mask is supported and
+                can be set with hw_control_set().
+
+                If the passed flags mask is not supported -EOPNOTSUPP
+                must be returned, the LED trigger will use software
+                fallback in this case.
+
+                Return a negative error in case of any other error like
+                device not ready or timeouts.
+
+     - hw_control_set:
+                activate hw control. LED driver will use the provided
+                flags passed from the supported trigger, parse them to
+                a set of mode and setup the LED to be driven by hardware
+                following the requested modes.
+
+                Set LED_OFF via the brightness_set to deactivate hw control.
+
+                Return 0 on success, a negative error number on failing to
+                apply flags.
+
+    - hw_control_get:
+                get active modes from a LED already in hw control, parse
+                them and set in flags the current active flags for the
+                supported trigger.
+
+                Return 0 on success, a negative error number on failing
+                parsing the initial mode.
+                Error from this function is NOT FATAL as the device may
+                be in a not supported initial state by the attached LED
+                trigger.
+
+    - hw_control_get_device:
+                return the device associated with the LED driver in
+                hw control. A trigger might use this to match the
+                returned device from this function with a configured
+                device for the trigger as the source for blinking
+                events and correctly enable hw control.
+                (example a netdev trigger configured to blink for a
+                particular dev match the returned dev from get_device
+                to set hw control)
+
+                Returns a pointer to a struct device or NULL if nothing
+                is currently attached.
+
+LED driver can activate additional modes by default to workaround the
+impossibility of supporting each different mode on the supported trigger.
+Examples are hardcoding the blink speed to a set interval, enable special
+feature like bypassing blink if some requirements are not met.
+
+A trigger should first check if the hw control API are supported by the LED
+driver and check if the trigger is supported to verify if hw control is possible,
+use hw_control_is_supported to check if the flags are supported and only at
+the end use hw_control_set to activate hw control.
+
+A trigger can use hw_control_get to check if a LED is already in hw control
+and init their flags.
+
+When the LED is in hw control, no software blink is possible and doing so
+will effectively disable hw control.
+
+Known Issues
+============
+
+The LED Trigger core cannot be a module as the simple trigger functions
+would cause nightmare dependency issues. I see this as a minor issue
+compared to the benefits the simple trigger functionality brings. The
+rest of the LED subsystem can be modular.