Adding upstream version 4.22.0.upstream/4.22.0

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 507 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/templates/man7/path_resolution.7.pot b/templates/man7/path_resolution.7.pot
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1776823b
--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1,507 @@
+# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
+# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-03-01 17:03+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
+"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
+"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
+"Language: \n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#. type: TH
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "path_resolution"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: TH
+#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "2023-10-31"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: TH
+#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: SH
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "NAME"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid "path_resolution - how a pathname is resolved to a file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: SH
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "DESCRIPTION"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"Some UNIX/Linux system calls have as parameter one or more filenames.  A "
+"filename (or pathname) is resolved as follows."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: SS
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "Step 1: start of the resolution process"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"If the pathname starts with the \\[aq]/\\[aq] character, the starting lookup "
+"directory is the root directory of the calling process.  A process inherits "
+"its root directory from its parent.  Usually this will be the root directory "
+"of the file hierarchy.  A process may get a different root directory by use "
+"of the B<chroot>(2)  system call, or may temporarily use a different root "
+"directory by using B<openat2>(2)  with the B<RESOLVE_IN_ROOT> flag set."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"A process may get an entirely private mount namespace in case it\\[em]or one "
+"of its ancestors\\[em]was started by an invocation of the B<clone>(2)  "
+"system call that had the B<CLONE_NEWNS> flag set.  This handles the \\[aq]/"
+"\\[aq] part of the pathname."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"If the pathname does not start with the \\[aq]/\\[aq] character, the "
+"starting lookup directory of the resolution process is the current working "
+"directory of the process \\[em] or in the case of B<openat>(2)-style system "
+"calls, the I<dfd> argument (or the current working directory if B<AT_FDCWD> "
+"is passed as the I<dfd> argument).  The current working directory is "
+"inherited from the parent, and can be changed by use of the B<chdir>(2)  "
+"system call."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"Pathnames starting with a \\[aq]/\\[aq] character are called absolute "
+"pathnames.  Pathnames not starting with a \\[aq]/\\[aq] are called relative "
+"pathnames."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: SS
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "Step 2: walk along the path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"Set the current lookup directory to the starting lookup directory.  Now, for "
+"each nonfinal component of the pathname, where a component is a substring "
+"delimited by \\[aq]/\\[aq] characters, this component is looked up in the "
+"current lookup directory."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"If the process does not have search permission on the current lookup "
+"directory, an B<EACCES> error is returned (\"Permission denied\")."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"If the component is not found, an B<ENOENT> error is returned (\"No such "
+"file or directory\")."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"If the component is found, but is neither a directory nor a symbolic link, "
+"an B<ENOTDIR> error is returned (\"Not a directory\")."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"If the component is found and is a directory, we set the current lookup "
+"directory to that directory, and go to the next component."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"If the component is found and is a symbolic link, we first resolve this "
+"symbolic link (with the current lookup directory as starting lookup "
+"directory).  Upon error, that error is returned.  If the result is not a "
+"directory, an B<ENOTDIR> error is returned.  If the resolution of the "
+"symbolic link is successful and returns a directory, we set the current "
+"lookup directory to that directory, and go to the next component.  Note that "
+"the resolution process here can involve recursion if the prefix ('dirname') "
+"component of a pathname contains a filename that is a symbolic link that "
+"resolves to a directory (where the prefix component of that directory may "
+"contain a symbolic link, and so on).  In order to protect the kernel against "
+"stack overflow, and also to protect against denial of service, there are "
+"limits on the maximum recursion depth, and on the maximum number of symbolic "
+"links followed.  An B<ELOOP> error is returned when the maximum is exceeded "
+"(\"Too many levels of symbolic links\")."
+msgstr ""
+
+#
+#.  presently: max recursion depth during symlink resolution: 5
+#.  max total number of symbolic links followed: 40
+#.  _POSIX_SYMLOOP_MAX is 8
+#.  MAXSYMLINKS is 40
+#.  MAX_NESTED_LINKS
+#.  commit 894bc8c4662ba9daceafe943a5ba0dd407da5cd3
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"As currently implemented on Linux, the maximum number of symbolic links that "
+"will be followed while resolving a pathname is 40.  Before Linux 2.6.18, the "
+"limit on the recursion depth was 5.  Starting with Linux 2.6.18, this limit "
+"was raised to 8.  In Linux 4.2, the kernel's pathname-resolution code was "
+"reworked to eliminate the use of recursion, so that the only limit that "
+"remains is the maximum of 40 resolutions for the entire pathname."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"The resolution of symbolic links during this stage can be blocked by using "
+"B<openat2>(2), with the B<RESOLVE_NO_SYMLINKS> flag set."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: SS
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "Step 3: find the final entry"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"The lookup of the final component of the pathname goes just like that of all "
+"other components, as described in the previous step, with two differences: "
+"(i) the final component need not be a directory (at least as far as the path "
+"resolution process is concerned\\[em]it may have to be a directory, or a "
+"nondirectory, because of the requirements of the specific system call), and "
+"(ii) it is not necessarily an error if the component is not found\\[em]maybe "
+"we are just creating it.  The details on the treatment of the final entry "
+"are described in the manual pages of the specific system calls."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: SS
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid ". and .."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"By convention, every directory has the entries \".\" and \"..\", which refer "
+"to the directory itself and to its parent directory, respectively."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"The path resolution process will assume that these entries have their "
+"conventional meanings, regardless of whether they are actually present in "
+"the physical filesystem."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid "One cannot walk up past the root: \"/..\" is the same as \"/\"."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: SS
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "Mount points"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"After a I<mount dev path> command, the pathname \"path\" refers to the root "
+"of the filesystem hierarchy on the device \"dev\", and no longer to whatever "
+"it referred to earlier."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"One can walk out of a mounted filesystem: \"path/..\" refers to the parent "
+"directory of \"path\", outside of the filesystem hierarchy on \"dev\"."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"Traversal of mount points can be blocked by using B<openat2>(2), with the "
+"B<RESOLVE_NO_XDEV> flag set (though note that this also restricts bind mount "
+"traversal)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: SS
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "Trailing slashes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"If a pathname ends in a \\[aq]/\\[aq], that forces resolution of the "
+"preceding component as in Step 2: the component preceding the slash either "
+"exists and resolves to a directory or it names a directory that is to be "
+"created immediately after the pathname is resolved.  Otherwise, a trailing "
+"\\[aq]/\\[aq] is ignored."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: SS
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "Final symbolic link"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"If the last component of a pathname is a symbolic link, then it depends on "
+"the system call whether the file referred to will be the symbolic link or "
+"the result of path resolution on its contents.  For example, the system call "
+"B<lstat>(2)  will operate on the symbolic link, while B<stat>(2)  operates "
+"on the file pointed to by the symbolic link."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: SS
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "Length limit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"There is a maximum length for pathnames.  If the pathname (or some "
+"intermediate pathname obtained while resolving symbolic links)  is too long, "
+"an B<ENAMETOOLONG> error is returned (\"Filename too long\")."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: SS
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "Empty pathname"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"In the original UNIX, the empty pathname referred to the current directory.  "
+"Nowadays POSIX decrees that an empty pathname must not be resolved "
+"successfully.  Linux returns B<ENOENT> in this case."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: SS
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "Permissions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"The permission bits of a file consist of three groups of three bits; see "
+"B<chmod>(1)  and B<stat>(2).  The first group of three is used when the "
+"effective user ID of the calling process equals the owner ID of the file.  "
+"The second group of three is used when the group ID of the file either "
+"equals the effective group ID of the calling process, or is one of the "
+"supplementary group IDs of the calling process (as set by B<setgroups>(2)).  "
+"When neither holds, the third group is used."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"Of the three bits used, the first bit determines read permission, the second "
+"write permission, and the last execute permission in case of ordinary files, "
+"or search permission in case of directories."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"Linux uses the fsuid instead of the effective user ID in permission checks.  "
+"Ordinarily the fsuid will equal the effective user ID, but the fsuid can be "
+"changed by the system call B<setfsuid>(2)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"(Here \"fsuid\" stands for something like \"filesystem user ID\".  The "
+"concept was required for the implementation of a user space NFS server at a "
+"time when processes could send a signal to a process with the same effective "
+"user ID.  It is obsolete now.  Nobody should use B<setfsuid>(2).)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#.  FIXME . say something about filesystem mounted read-only ?
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"Similarly, Linux uses the fsgid (\"filesystem group ID\")  instead of the "
+"effective group ID.  See B<setfsgid>(2)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: SS
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "Bypassing permission checks: superuser and capabilities"
+msgstr ""
+
+#.  (but for exec at least one x bit must be set) -- AEB
+#.  but there is variation across systems on this point: for
+#.  example, HP-UX and Tru64 are as described by AEB.  However,
+#.  on some implementations (e.g., Solaris, FreeBSD),
+#.  access(X_OK) by superuser will report success, regardless
+#.  of the file's execute permission bits. -- MTK (Oct 05)
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"On a traditional UNIX system, the superuser (I<root>, user ID 0) is all-"
+"powerful, and bypasses all permissions restrictions when accessing files."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"On Linux, superuser privileges are divided into capabilities (see "
+"B<capabilities>(7)).  Two capabilities are relevant for file permissions "
+"checks: B<CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE> and B<CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH>.  (A process has "
+"these capabilities if its fsuid is 0.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"The B<CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE> capability overrides all permission checking, but "
+"grants execute permission only when at least one of the file's three execute "
+"permission bits is set."
+msgstr ""
+
+#.  FIXME . say something about immutable files
+#.  FIXME . say something about ACLs
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid ""
+"The B<CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH> capability grants read and search permission on "
+"directories, and read permission on ordinary files."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: SH
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "SEE ALSO"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
+#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+msgid "B<readlink>(2), B<capabilities>(7), B<credentials>(7), B<symlink>(7)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: TH
+#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "2023-02-05"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: TH
+#: debian-bookworm
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "Linux man-pages 6.03"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: TH
+#: debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "Linux man-pages 6.05.01"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: TH
+#: opensuse-leap-15-6
+#, no-wrap
+msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04"
+msgstr ""