Adding upstream version 4.22.0.upstream/4.22.0

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

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+.\" -*- nroff -*-
+.\" Copyright 1997 by Theodore Ts'o.  All Rights Reserved.
+.\" 
+.\" .TH RESIZE2FS 8 "February 2023" "E2fsprogs version 1.47.0"
+.TH RESIZE2FS 8 "February 2023" "E2fsprogs version 1.47.0"
+.SH NAME
+resize2fs \- ext2/ext3/ext4 file system resizer
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B resize2fs
+[
+.B \-fFpPMbs
+]
+[
+.B \-d
+.I debug-flags
+]
+[
+.B \-S
+.I RAID-stride
+]
+[
+.B \-z
+.I undo_file
+]
+.I device
+[
+.I size
+]
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The
+.B resize2fs
+program will resize ext2, ext3, or ext4 file systems.  It can be used to
+enlarge or shrink an unmounted file system located on
+.IR device .
+If the file system is mounted, it can be used to expand the size of the
+mounted file system, assuming the kernel and the file system supports
+on-line resizing.  (Modern Linux 2.6 kernels will support on-line resize
+for file systems mounted using ext3 and ext4; ext3 file systems will
+require the use of file systems with the resize_inode feature enabled.)
+.PP
+The
+.I size
+parameter specifies the requested new size of the file system.
+If no units are specified, the units of the
+.I size
+parameter shall be the file system blocksize of the file system.
+Optionally, the
+.I size
+parameter may be suffixed by one of the following units
+designators: 'K', 'M', 'G', 'T' (either upper-case or lower-case) or 's'
+for power-of-two kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes or 512 byte
+sectors respectively. The
+.I size
+of the file system may never be larger than the size of the partition.
+If
+.I size
+parameter is not specified, it will default to the size of the partition.
+.PP
+The
+.B resize2fs
+program does not manipulate the size of partitions.  If you wish to enlarge
+a file system, you must make sure you can expand the size of the
+underlying partition first.  This can be done using
+.BR fdisk (8)
+by deleting the partition and recreating it with a larger size or using
+.BR lvextend (8),
+if you're using the logical volume manager
+.BR lvm (8).
+When
+recreating the partition, make sure you create it with the same starting
+disk cylinder as before!  Otherwise, the resize operation will
+certainly not work, and you may lose your entire file system.
+After running
+.BR fdisk (8),
+run resize2fs to resize the ext2 file system
+to use all of the space in the newly enlarged partition.
+.PP
+If you wish to shrink an ext2 partition, first use
+.B resize2fs
+to shrink the size of file system.  Then you may use
+.BR fdisk (8)
+to shrink the size of the partition.  When shrinking the size of
+the partition, make sure you do not make it smaller than the new size
+of the ext2 file system!
+.PP
+The
+.B \-b
+and
+.B \-s
+options enable and disable the 64bit feature, respectively.  The resize2fs
+program will, of course, take care of resizing the block group descriptors
+and moving other data blocks out of the way, as needed.  It is not possible
+to resize the file system concurrent with changing the 64bit status.
+.SH OPTIONS
+.TP
+.B \-b
+Turns on the 64bit feature, resizes the group descriptors as necessary, and
+moves other metadata out of the way.
+.TP
+.B \-d \fIdebug-flags
+Turns on various resize2fs debugging features, if they have been compiled
+into the binary.
+.I debug-flags
+should be computed by adding the numbers of the desired features
+from the following list:
+.br
+	2	\-\ Debug block relocations
+.br
+	4	\-\ Debug inode relocations
+.br
+	8	\-\ Debug moving the inode table
+.br
+	16	\-\ Print timing information
+.br
+	32	\-\ Debug minimum file system size (\-M) calculation
+.TP
+.B \-f
+Forces resize2fs to proceed with the file system resize operation, overriding
+some safety checks which resize2fs normally enforces.
+.TP
+.B \-F
+Flush the file system device's buffer caches before beginning.  Only
+really useful for doing
+.B resize2fs
+time trials.
+.TP
+.B \-M
+Shrink the file system to minimize its size as much as possible,
+given the files stored in the file system.
+.TP
+.B \-p
+Print out percentage completion bars for each
+.B resize2fs
+phase during an offline (non-trivial) resize operation, so that the user
+can keep track of what the program is doing.  (For very fast resize
+operations, no progress bars may be displayed.)
+.TP
+.B \-P
+Print an estimate of the number of file system blocks in the file system
+if it is shrunk using
+.BR resize2fs 's
+.B \-M
+option and then exit.
+.TP
+.B \-s
+Turns off the 64bit feature and frees blocks that are no longer in use.
+.TP
+.B \-S \fIRAID-stride
+The
+.B resize2fs
+program will heuristically determine the RAID stride that was specified
+when the file system was created.  This option allows the user to
+explicitly specify a RAID stride setting to be used by resize2fs instead.
+.TP
+.BI \-z " undo_file"
+Before overwriting a file system block, write the old contents of the block to
+an undo file.  This undo file can be used with e2undo(8) to restore the old
+contents of the file system should something go wrong.  If the empty string is
+passed as the undo_file argument, the undo file will be written to a file named
+resize2fs-\fIdevice\fR.e2undo in the directory specified via the
+\fIE2FSPROGS_UNDO_DIR\fR environment variable.
+
+WARNING: The undo file cannot be used to recover from a power or system crash.
+.SH KNOWN BUGS
+The minimum size of the file system as estimated by resize2fs may be
+incorrect, especially for file systems with 1k and 2k blocksizes.
+.SH AUTHOR
+.B resize2fs
+was written by Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>.
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+Resize2fs is Copyright 1998 by Theodore Ts'o and PowerQuest, Inc.  All
+rights reserved.
+As of April, 2000
+.B Resize2fs
+may be redistributed under the terms of the GPL.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR fdisk (8),
+.BR e2fsck (8),
+.BR mke2fs (8),
+.BR lvm (8),
+.BR lvextend (8)