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diff --git a/po/de/man2/close.2.po b/po/de/man2/close.2.po new file mode 100644 index 00000000..5dc49a2a --- /dev/null +++ b/po/de/man2/close.2.po @@ -0,0 +1,710 @@ +# German translation of manpages +# This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package. +# Copyright © of this file: +# Ralf Demmer <rdemmer@rdemmer.de> +# Martin Eberhard Schauer <Martin.E.Schauer@gmx.de>, 2010. +# Mario Blättermann <mario.blaettermann@gmail.com>, 2013-2014, 2019, 2021, 2023. +# Helge Kreutzmann <debian@helgefjell.de>, 2020, 2024. +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: manpages-l10n 4.21.0\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-03-01 16:54+0100\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2024-02-22 19:32+0100\n" +"Last-Translator: Mario Blättermann <mario.blaettermann@gmail.com>\n" +"Language-Team: German <debian-l10n-german@lists.debian.org>\n" +"Language: de\n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Generator: Lokalize 22.12.0\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n" + +#. type: TH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "close" +msgstr "close" + +#. type: TH +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#, no-wrap +msgid "2023-10-31" +msgstr "31. Oktober 2023" + +#. type: TH +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#, no-wrap +msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06" +msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.06" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "NAME" +msgstr "BEZEICHNUNG" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "close - close a file descriptor" +msgstr "close - Dateideskriptor schließen" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "LIBRARY" +msgstr "BIBLIOTHEK" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Standard C library (I<libc>, I<-lc>)" +msgstr "Standard-C-Bibliothek (I<libc>, I<-lc>)" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "SYNOPSIS" +msgstr "ÜBERSICHT" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>>\n" +msgstr "B<#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>>\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<int close(int >I<fd>B<);>\n" +msgstr "B<int close(int >I<dd>B<);>\n" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "DESCRIPTION" +msgstr "BESCHREIBUNG" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +msgid "" +"B<close>() closes a file descriptor, so that it no longer refers to any " +"file and may be reused. Any record locks (see B<fcntl>(2)) held on the " +"file it was associated with, and owned by the process, are removed " +"regardless of the file descriptor that was used to obtain the lock. This " +"has some unfortunate consequences and one should be extra careful when using " +"advisory record locking. See B<fcntl>(2) for discussion of the risks and " +"consequences as well as for the (probably preferred) open file description " +"locks." +msgstr "" +"B<close>() schließt einen Dateideskriptor, so dass dieser nicht mehr zu " +"einer Datei gehört und wieder verwendet werden kann. Alle zum Prozess " +"gehörenden Datensatz-Sperren (siehe B<fcntl>(2)) der mit dem Deskriptor " +"verbundenen Datei werden aufgehoben. Die Aufhebung der Sperren erfolgt " +"unabhängig von dem Deskriptor, mit dem die Sperre eingerichtet wurde. Dies " +"hat einige unglückliche Konsequenzen und Sie sollten besonders vorsichtig " +"beim Einsatz von empfohlenen Datensatzsperren sein. In B<fcntl>(2) werden " +"die Risiken und Konsequenzen diskutiert sowie die (wahrscheinlich zu " +"bevorzugenden) Deskriptorensperren für offene Dateien." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If I<fd> is the last file descriptor referring to the underlying open file " +"description (see B<open>(2)), the resources associated with the open file " +"description are freed; if the file descriptor was the last reference to a " +"file which has been removed using B<unlink>(2), the file is deleted." +msgstr "" +"Wenn I<dd> der letzte Deskriptor der zugehörigen offenen Datei ist (siehe " +"B<open>(2)), werden die zugehörigen Ressourcen freigegeben. War der Datei-" +"Deskriptor der letzte Verweis auf eine Datei, die mittels B<unlink>(2) " +"entfernt wurde, wird die Datei gelöscht." + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "RETURN VALUE" +msgstr "RÜCKGABEWERT" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"B<close>() returns zero on success. On error, -1 is returned, and I<errno> " +"is set to indicate the error." +msgstr "" +"Nach erfolgreicher Ausführung gibt B<close>() 0 zurück. Bei Fehlern wird -1 " +"zurückgegeben und I<errno> gesetzt, um den Fehler anzuzeigen." + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "ERRORS" +msgstr "FEHLER" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<EBADF>" +msgstr "B<EBADF>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "I<fd> isn't a valid open file descriptor." +msgstr "I<dd> ist kein gültiger Deskriptor für eine geöffnete Datei." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<EINTR>" +msgstr "B<EINTR>" + +#. Though, it's in doubt whether this error can ever occur; see +#. https://lwn.net/Articles/576478/ "Returning EINTR from close()" +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "The B<close>() call was interrupted by a signal; see B<signal>(7)." +msgstr "" +"Der Aufruf von B<close>() wurde von einem Signal unterbrochen (siehe " +"B<signal>(7))." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<EIO>" +msgstr "B<EIO>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "An I/O error occurred." +msgstr "Es ist ein E/A-Fehler (engl. I/O) aufgetreten." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<ENOSPC>" +msgstr "B<ENOSPC>" + +#. type: TQ +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<EDQUOT>" +msgstr "B<EDQUOT>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"On NFS, these errors are not normally reported against the first write which " +"exceeds the available storage space, but instead against a subsequent " +"B<write>(2), B<fsync>(2), or B<close>()." +msgstr "" +"Auf NFS werden diese Fehler normalerweise nicht beim ersten Schreibversuch, " +"der den verfügbaren Speicherplatz überschreitet, berichtet, sondern " +"stattdessen an nachfolgende B<write>(2), B<fsync>(2) oder B<close>(2)." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"See NOTES for a discussion of why B<close>() should not be retried after an " +"error." +msgstr "" +"Siehe ANMERKUNGEN für eine Diskussion, warum B<close>() nach einem Fehler " +"nicht erneut versucht werden sollte." + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "STANDARDS" +msgstr "STANDARDS" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "POSIX.1-2008." +msgstr "POSIX.1-2008." + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "HISTORY" +msgstr "GESCHICHTE" + +#. SVr4 documents an additional ENOLINK error condition. +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "POSIX.1-2001, SVr4, 4.3BSD." +msgstr "POSIX.1-2001, SVr4, 4.3BSD." + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "NOTES" +msgstr "ANMERKUNGEN" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"A successful close does not guarantee that the data has been successfully " +"saved to disk, as the kernel uses the buffer cache to defer writes. " +"Typically, filesystems do not flush buffers when a file is closed. If you " +"need to be sure that the data is physically stored on the underlying disk, " +"use B<fsync>(2). (It will depend on the disk hardware at this point.)" +msgstr "" +"Ein erfolgreiches »close« garantiert nicht, dass die Daten erfolgreich auf " +"der Festplatte gespeichert wurden, weil der Kernel den " +"Pufferzwischenspeicher verwendet, um verzögert zu schreiben. Typischerweise " +"leeren Dateisysteme ihre Puffer beim Schließen einer Datei nicht. Wenn Sie " +"sicher sein müssen, dass die Daten physisch auf der darunterliegenen Platte " +"gespeichert sind, verwenden Sie B<fsync>(2). (Hierbei kommt es auf die " +"Hardware Ihrer Festplatte an.)" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The close-on-exec file descriptor flag can be used to ensure that a file " +"descriptor is automatically closed upon a successful B<execve>(2); see " +"B<fcntl>(2) for details." +msgstr "" +"Der Dateideskriptor close-on-exec kann dazu verwandt werden, " +"sicherzustellen, dass ein Dateideskriptor automatisch bei einem " +"erfolgreichen B<execve>(2) geschlossen wird; siehe B<fcntl>(2) für Details." + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Multithreaded processes and close()" +msgstr "Multithreaded-Prozesse und close()" + +#. #-#-#-#-# archlinux: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 13:57:35 +0200 +#. From: Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org> +#. One such race involves signals and ERESTARTSYS. If a file descriptor +#. in use by a system call is closed and then reused by e.g. an +#. independent open() in some unrelated thread, before the original system +#. call has restarted after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will +#. later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a +#. serious programming error. +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# debian-bookworm: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 13:57:35 +0200 +#. From: Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org> +#. One such race involves signals and ERESTARTSYS. If a file descriptor +#. in use by a system call is closed and then reused by e.g. an +#. independent open() in some unrelated thread, before the original system +#. call has restarted after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will +#. later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a +#. serious programming error. +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# debian-unstable: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 13:57:35 +0200 +#. From: Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org> +#. One such race involves signals and ERESTARTSYS. If a file descriptor +#. in use by a system call is closed and then reused by e.g. an +#. independent open() in some unrelated thread, before the original system +#. call has restarted after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will +#. later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a +#. serious programming error. +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# fedora-40: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# fedora-rawhide: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# mageia-cauldron: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 13:57:35 +0200 +#. From: Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org> +#. One such race involves signals and ERESTARTSYS. If a file descriptor +#. in use by a system call is closed and then reused by e.g. an +#. independent open() in some unrelated thread, before the original system +#. call has restarted after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will +#. later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a +#. serious programming error. +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# opensuse-leap-15-6: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 13:57:35 +0200 +#. From: Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org> +#. One such race involves signals and ERESTARTSYS. If a file descriptor +#. in use by a system call is closed and then reused by e.g. an +#. independent open() in some unrelated thread, before the original system +#. call has restarted after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will +#. later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a +#. serious programming error. +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# opensuse-tumbleweed: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 13:57:35 +0200 +#. From: Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org> +#. One such race involves signals and ERESTARTSYS. If a file descriptor +#. in use by a system call is closed and then reused by e.g. an +#. independent open() in some unrelated thread, before the original system +#. call has restarted after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will +#. later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a +#. serious programming error. +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"It is probably unwise to close file descriptors while they may be in use by " +"system calls in other threads in the same process. Since a file descriptor " +"may be reused, there are some obscure race conditions that may cause " +"unintended side effects." +msgstr "" +"Wahrscheinlich ist es unklug, Dateideskriptoren zu schließen, die " +"möglicherweise noch durch Systemaufrufe in anderen Threads desselben " +"Prozesses belegt sein können. Da Dateideskriptoren wiederverwendet werden " +"können, kann dies zu undurchsichtigen »Race Conditions« mit unbeabsichtigten " +"Nebenwirkungen führen." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Furthermore, consider the following scenario where two threads are " +"performing operations on the same file descriptor:" +msgstr "" +"Betrachten Sie des Weiteren folgendes Szenario, bei dem zwei Threads " +"Aktionen auf den gleichen Dateideskriptor ausführen:" + +#. type: IP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "(1)" +msgstr "(1)" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"One thread is blocked in an I/O system call on the file descriptor. For " +"example, it is trying to B<write>(2) to a pipe that is already full, or " +"trying to B<read>(2) from a stream socket which currently has no available " +"data." +msgstr "" +"Ein Thread blockiert auf einem E/A-Systemaufruf auf dem Dateideskriptor. " +"Beispielsweise versucht er in eine Pipe zu schreiben (B<write>(2)), die " +"bereits voll ist, oder versucht aus einem Datenstrom-Socket zu lesen " +"(B<read>(2)), der derzeit über keine Daten verfügt." + +#. type: IP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "(2)" +msgstr "(2)" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Another thread closes the file descriptor." +msgstr "Ein anderer Thread schließt den Dateideskriptor." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The behavior in this situation varies across systems. On some systems, when " +"the file descriptor is closed, the blocking system call returns immediately " +"with an error." +msgstr "" +"Das Verhalten in dieser Situation unterscheidet sich zwischen Systemen. Auf " +"einigen Systemen kehrt der blockierte Systemaufruf sofort mit einem Fehler " +"zurück, wenn der Dateideskriptor geschlossen wird." + +#. 'struct file' in kernel-speak +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"On Linux (and possibly some other systems), the behavior is different: the " +"blocking I/O system call holds a reference to the underlying open file " +"description, and this reference keeps the description open until the I/O " +"system call completes. (See B<open>(2) for a discussion of open file " +"descriptions.) Thus, the blocking system call in the first thread may " +"successfully complete after the B<close>() in the second thread." +msgstr "" +"Unter Linux (und möglicherweise einigen anderen Systemen) ist das Verhalten " +"anders: Der blockierende E/A-Systemaufruf hält eine Referenz auf die " +"zugrundeliegende offene Dateideskription und diese Referenz hält die " +"Deskription offen, bis der E/A-Systemaufruf abschließt. (Siehe B<open>(2) " +"für eine Diskussion von offenen Dateideskriptionen). Daher kann sich der " +"blockierende Systemaufruf in dem ersten Thread nach einem B<close>() in dem " +"zweiten Thread erfolgreich beenden." + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Dealing with error returns from close()" +msgstr "Umgang mit von close() zurückgelieferten Fehlern" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"A careful programmer will check the return value of B<close>(), since it is " +"quite possible that errors on a previous B<write>(2) operation are reported " +"only on the final B<close>() that releases the open file description. " +"Failing to check the return value when closing a file may lead to I<silent> " +"loss of data. This can especially be observed with NFS and with disk quota." +msgstr "" +"Ein sorgfältiger Programmierer prüft den Rückgabewert von B<close>(), da es " +"durchaus möglich ist, dass Fehler bei einer früheren B<write>(2)-Operation " +"erst bei dem abschließenden B<close>()-Zugriff, bei dem die offenen " +"Dateideskriptoren freigegeben werden, gemeldet werden. Wird der Rückgabewert " +"beim Schließen einer Datei nicht geprüft, kann dies zu I<unbemerktem> " +"Datenverlust führen. Dies kann vor allem mit NFS und Plattenkontingenten " +"beobachtet werden." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Note, however, that a failure return should be used only for diagnostic " +"purposes (i.e., a warning to the application that there may still be I/O " +"pending or there may have been failed I/O) or remedial purposes (e.g., " +"writing the file once more or creating a backup)." +msgstr "" +"Beachten Sie allerdings, dass ein zurückgelieferter Fehler nur für " +"diagnostische Zwecke (d.h. einer Warnung an die Anwendung, dass E/A noch in " +"Verarbeitung ist, oder dass es fehlgeschlagene E/A gegeben haben könnte) " +"oder für abhelfende Zwecke (z.B. dem erneuten Schreiben der Datei oder dem " +"Erstellen einer Sicherungskopie) verwandt werden sollte." + +# +#. The file descriptor is released early in close(); +#. close() ==> __close_fd(): +#. __put_unused_fd() ==> __clear_open_fd() +#. return filp_close(file, files); +#. The errors are returned by filp_close() after the FD has been +#. cleared for re-use. +#. filp_close() +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Retrying the B<close>() after a failure return is the wrong thing to do, " +"since this may cause a reused file descriptor from another thread to be " +"closed. This can occur because the Linux kernel I<always> releases the file " +"descriptor early in the close operation, freeing it for reuse; the steps " +"that may return an error, such as flushing data to the filesystem or device, " +"occur only later in the close operation." +msgstr "" +"Es ist falsch, nach einer Rückgabe eines Fehlers B<close>() erneut zu " +"versuchen, da es dazu führen könnte, dass ein wiederverwandter " +"Dateideskriptor von einem anderen Thread geschlossen werden könnte. Dies " +"kann auftreten, da der Linux-Kernel Dateideskriptoren I<immer> früh in der " +"Close-Aktion für die Wiederbenutzung freigibt und die Schritte, die einen " +"Fehler liefern können, wie das Rausschreiben von Daten zu dem Dateisystem " +"oder Gerät, erst später in der Close-Aktion vorkommen." + +#. FreeBSD documents this explicitly. From the look of the source code +#. SVR4, ancient SunOS, later Solaris, and AIX all do this. +#. Issue 8 +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Many other implementations similarly always close the file descriptor " +"(except in the case of B<EBADF>, meaning that the file descriptor was " +"invalid) even if they subsequently report an error on return from " +"B<close>(). POSIX.1 is currently silent on this point, but there are plans " +"to mandate this behavior in the next major release of the standard." +msgstr "" +"Viele andere Implementierunngen schließen den Dateideskriptor ähnlich (außer " +"im Falle von B<EBADF>, der bedeutet, dass der Dateideskriptor ungültig war), " +"selbst falls sie im folgenden einen Fehler bei der Rückkehr von B<close>() " +"berichten. POSIX.1 sagt derzeit zu diesem Punkt nichts aus, aber es gibt " +"Überlegungen, dieses Verhalten in der nächsten großen Veröffentlichung " +"dieses Standards zu verpflichten." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"A careful programmer who wants to know about I/O errors may precede " +"B<close>() with a call to B<fsync>(2)." +msgstr "" +"Ein sorgfältiger Programmierer, der über E/A-Fehler Bescheid wissen möchte, " +"kann B<close>() einen Aufruf von B<fsync>(2) vorschalten." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The B<EINTR> error is a somewhat special case. Regarding the B<EINTR> " +"error, POSIX.1-2008 says:" +msgstr "" +"Der Fehler B<EINTR> ist etwas speziell. Bezüglich des Fehlers B<EINTR> sagt " +"POSIX.1-2008:" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If B<close>() is interrupted by a signal that is to be caught, it shall " +"return -1 with I<errno> set to B<EINTR> and the state of I<fildes> is " +"unspecified." +msgstr "" +"Falls B<close>() von einem Signal unterbrochen wird, das gefangen werden " +"soll, muss es -1 zurückliefern, wobei I<errno> auf B<EINTR> gesetzt werden " +"soll und der Zustand von I<fildes> nicht festgelegt ist." + +# +#. FIXME . for later review when Issue 8 is one day released... +#. POSIX proposes further changes for EINTR +#. http://austingroupbugs.net/tag_view_page.php?tag_id=8 +#. http://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=529 +#. FIXME . +#. Review the following glibc bug later +#. https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=14627 +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This permits the behavior that occurs on Linux and many other " +"implementations, where, as with other errors that may be reported by " +"B<close>(), the file descriptor is guaranteed to be closed. However, it " +"also permits another possibility: that the implementation returns an " +"B<EINTR> error and keeps the file descriptor open. (According to its " +"documentation, HP-UX's B<close>() does this.) The caller must then once " +"more use B<close>() to close the file descriptor, to avoid file descriptor " +"leaks. This divergence in implementation behaviors provides a difficult " +"hurdle for portable applications, since on many implementations, B<close>() " +"must not be called again after an B<EINTR> error, and on at least one, " +"B<close>() must be called again. There are plans to address this conundrum " +"for the next major release of the POSIX.1 standard." +msgstr "" +"Dies erlaubt das Verhalten, das auf Linux und vielen anderen " +"Implementierungen auftritt, bei dem, wie auch bei anderen von B<close>() " +"berichteten Fehlern, garantiert wird, dass der Dateideskriptor geschlossen " +"ist. Es erlaubt allerdings auch eine andere Möglichkeit: dass die " +"Implementierung einen Fehler B<EINTR> zurückliefert und den Dateideskriptor " +"offen hält. (Laut seiner Beschreibung ist dies für B<close>() unter HP-UX " +"der Fall.) Der Aufrufende muss dann erneut B<close>() verwenden, um den " +"Dateideskriptor zu schließen und Lecks bei Dateideskriptoren zu vermeiden. " +"Diese Divergenz in Implementierungsverhalten stellt eine schwierige Hürde " +"für portable Anwendungen dar, da unter vielen Implementierungen B<close>() " +"nicht nach einem Fehler B<EINTR> erneut aufgerufen werden darf, und bei " +"mindestens einer B<close>() erneut aufgerufen werden muss. Es gibt " +"Überlegungen, dieses Puzzle für die nächste Hauptveröffentlichung des " +"Standards POSIX.1 zu lösen." + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "SEE ALSO" +msgstr "SIEHE AUCH" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"B<close_range>(2), B<fcntl>(2), B<fsync>(2), B<open>(2), B<shutdown>(2), " +"B<unlink>(2), B<fclose>(3)" +msgstr "" +"B<close_range>(2), B<fcntl>(2), B<fsync>(2), B<open>(2), B<shutdown>(2), " +"B<unlink>(2), B<fclose>(3)" + +#. type: TH +#: debian-bookworm +#, no-wrap +msgid "2022-10-30" +msgstr "30. Oktober 2022" + +#. type: TH +#: debian-bookworm +#, no-wrap +msgid "Linux man-pages 6.03" +msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.03" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"B<close>() closes a file descriptor, so that it no longer refers to any " +"file and may be reused. Any record locks (see B<fcntl>(2)) held on the " +"file it was associated with, and owned by the process, are removed " +"(regardless of the file descriptor that was used to obtain the lock)." +msgstr "" +"B<close>() schließt einen Dateideskriptor, so dass dieser nicht mehr zu " +"einer Datei gehört und wieder verwendet werden kann. Alle zum Prozess " +"gehörenden Datensatz-Sperren (siehe B<fcntl>(2)) der mit dem Deskriptor " +"verbundenen Datei werden aufgehoben. Die Aufhebung der Sperren erfolgt " +"unabhängig von dem Deskriptor, mit dem die Sperre eingerichtet wurde." + +#. type: TP +#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<ENOSPC>, B<EDQUOT>" +msgstr "B<ENOSPC>, B<EDQUOT>" + +#. SVr4 documents an additional ENOLINK error condition. +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, SVr4, 4.3BSD." +msgstr "POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, SVr4, 4.3BSD." + +#. type: TH +#: debian-unstable opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "2023-03-30" +msgstr "30. März 2023" + +#. type: TH +#: debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Linux man-pages 6.05.01" +msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.05.01" + +#. Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 13:57:35 +0200 +#. From: Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org> +#. One such race involves signals and ERESTARTSYS. If a file descriptor +#. in use by a system call is closed and then reused by e.g. an +#. independent open() in some unrelated thread, before the original system +#. call has restarted after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will +#. later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a +#. serious programming error. +#. type: Plain text +#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +msgid "" +"When dealing with sockets, you have to be sure that there is no B<recv>(2) " +"still blocking on it on another thread, otherwise it might block forever, " +"since no more messages will be send via the socket. Be sure to use " +"B<shutdown>(2) to shut down all parts the connection before closing the " +"socket." +msgstr "" +"Beim Umgang mit Sockets müssen Sie sicherstellen, dass darauf kein " +"B<recv>(2) in einem anderen Thread blockiert, da dieser andernfalls für " +"immer blockiert, da über diesen Socket keine Meldungen mehr versandt werden. " +"Verwenden Sie daher B<shutdown>(2), um alle Verbindungsanteile " +"herunterzufahren, bevor Sie den Socket schließen." + +#. type: TH +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04" +msgstr "Linux-Handbuchseiten 6.04" |