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diff --git a/templates/man5/nfs.5.pot b/templates/man5/nfs.5.pot new file mode 100644 index 00000000..61b67250 --- /dev/null +++ b/templates/man5/nfs.5.pot @@ -0,0 +1,3390 @@ +# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE +# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package. +# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR. +# +#, fuzzy +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-02-15 18:05+0100\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n" +"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n" +"Language: \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" + +#. type: TH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "NFS" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "9 October 2012" +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "NAME" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "nfs - fstab format and options for the B<nfs> file systems" +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "SYNOPSIS" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "I</etc/fstab>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "DESCRIPTION" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"NFS is an Internet Standard protocol created by Sun Microsystems in 1984. " +"NFS was developed to allow file sharing between systems residing on a local " +"area network. Depending on kernel configuration, the Linux NFS client may " +"support NFS versions 3, 4.0, 4.1, or 4.2." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The B<mount>(8) command attaches a file system to the system's name space " +"hierarchy at a given mount point. The I</etc/fstab> file describes how " +"B<mount>(8) should assemble a system's file name hierarchy from various " +"independent file systems (including file systems exported by NFS servers). " +"Each line in the I</etc/fstab> file describes a single file system, its " +"mount point, and a set of default mount options for that mount point." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"For NFS file system mounts, a line in the I</etc/fstab> file specifies the " +"server name, the path name of the exported server directory to mount, the " +"local directory that is the mount point, the type of file system that is " +"being mounted, and a list of mount options that control the way the " +"filesystem is mounted and how the NFS client behaves when accessing files on " +"this mount point. The fifth and sixth fields on each line are not used by " +"NFS, thus conventionally each contain the digit zero. For example:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: ta +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "8n +14n +14n +9n +20n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "\tserver:path\t/mountpoint\tfstype\toption,option,...\t0 0\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The server's hostname and export pathname are separated by a colon, while " +"the mount options are separated by commas. The remaining fields are " +"separated by blanks or tabs." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The server's hostname can be an unqualified hostname, a fully qualified " +"domain name, a dotted quad IPv4 address, or an IPv6 address enclosed in " +"square brackets. Link-local and site-local IPv6 addresses must be " +"accompanied by an interface identifier. See B<ipv6>(7) for details on " +"specifying raw IPv6 addresses." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The I<fstype> field contains \"nfs\". Use of the \"nfs4\" fstype in I</etc/" +"fstab> is deprecated." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "MOUNT OPTIONS" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Refer to B<mount>(8) for a description of generic mount options available " +"for all file systems. If you do not need to specify any mount options, use " +"the generic option B<defaults> in I</etc/fstab>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Options supported by all versions" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "These options are valid to use with any NFS version." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<nfsvers=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The NFS protocol version number used to contact the server's NFS service. " +"If the server does not support the requested version, the mount request " +"fails. If this option is not specified, the client tries version 4.2 first, " +"then negotiates down until it finds a version supported by the server." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<vers=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This option is an alternative to the B<nfsvers> option. It is included for " +"compatibility with other operating systems" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<soft> / B<softerr> / B<hard>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +msgid "" +"Determines the recovery behavior of the NFS client after an NFS request " +"times out. If no option is specified (or if the B<hard> option is " +"specified), NFS requests are retried indefinitely. If either the B<soft> or " +"B<softerr> option is specified, then the NFS client fails an NFS request " +"after B<retrans> retransmissions have been sent, causing the NFS client to " +"return either the error B<EIO> (for the B<soft> option) or B<ETIMEDOUT> (for " +"the B<softerr> option) to the calling application." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +msgid "" +"I<NB:> A so-called \"soft\" timeout can cause silent data corruption in " +"certain cases. As such, use the B<soft> or B<softerr> option only when " +"client responsiveness is more important than data integrity. Using NFS over " +"TCP or increasing the value of the B<retrans> option may mitigate some of " +"the risks of using the B<soft> or B<softerr> option." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<softreval> / B<nosoftreval>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"In cases where the NFS server is down, it may be useful to allow the NFS " +"client to continue to serve up paths and attributes from cache after " +"B<retrans> attempts to revalidate that cache have timed out. This may, for " +"instance, be helpful when trying to unmount a filesystem tree from a server " +"that is permanently down." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"It is possible to combine B<softreval> with the B<soft> mount option, in " +"which case operations that cannot be served up from cache will time out and " +"return an error after B<retrans> attempts. The combination with the default " +"B<hard> mount option implies those uncached operations will continue to " +"retry until a response is received from the server." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Note: the default mount option is B<nosoftreval> which disallows fallback to " +"cache when revalidation fails, and instead follows the behavior dictated by " +"the B<hard> or B<soft> mount option." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<intr> / B<nointr>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This option is provided for backward compatibility. It is ignored after " +"kernel 2.6.25." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<timeo=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The time in deciseconds (tenths of a second) the NFS client waits for a " +"response before it retries an NFS request." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"For NFS over TCP the default B<timeo> value is 600 (60 seconds). The NFS " +"client performs linear backoff: After each retransmission the timeout is " +"increased by B<timeo> up to the maximum of 600 seconds." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"However, for NFS over UDP, the client uses an adaptive algorithm to estimate " +"an appropriate timeout value for frequently used request types (such as READ " +"and WRITE requests), but uses the B<timeo> setting for infrequently used " +"request types (such as FSINFO requests). If the B<timeo> option is not " +"specified, infrequently used request types are retried after 1.1 seconds. " +"After each retransmission, the NFS client doubles the timeout for that " +"request, up to a maximum timeout length of 60 seconds." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<retrans=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The number of times the NFS client retries a request before it attempts " +"further recovery action. If the B<retrans> option is not specified, the NFS " +"client tries each UDP request three times and each TCP request twice." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The NFS client generates a \"server not responding\" message after " +"B<retrans> retries, then attempts further recovery (depending on whether the " +"B<hard> mount option is in effect)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<rsize=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The maximum number of bytes in each network READ request that the NFS client " +"can receive when reading data from a file on an NFS server. The actual data " +"payload size of each NFS READ request is equal to or smaller than the " +"B<rsize> setting. The largest read payload supported by the Linux NFS client " +"is 1,048,576 bytes (one megabyte)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The B<rsize> value is a positive integral multiple of 1024. Specified " +"B<rsize> values lower than 1024 are replaced with 4096; values larger than " +"1048576 are replaced with 1048576. If a specified value is within the " +"supported range but not a multiple of 1024, it is rounded down to the " +"nearest multiple of 1024." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If an B<rsize> value is not specified, or if the specified B<rsize> value is " +"larger than the maximum that either client or server can support, the client " +"and server negotiate the largest B<rsize> value that they can both support." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The B<rsize> mount option as specified on the B<mount>(8) command line " +"appears in the I</etc/mtab> file. However, the effective B<rsize> value " +"negotiated by the client and server is reported in the I</proc/mounts> file." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<wsize=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The maximum number of bytes per network WRITE request that the NFS client " +"can send when writing data to a file on an NFS server. The actual data " +"payload size of each NFS WRITE request is equal to or smaller than the " +"B<wsize> setting. The largest write payload supported by the Linux NFS " +"client is 1,048,576 bytes (one megabyte)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Similar to B<rsize> , the B<wsize> value is a positive integral multiple of " +"1024. Specified B<wsize> values lower than 1024 are replaced with 4096; " +"values larger than 1048576 are replaced with 1048576. If a specified value " +"is within the supported range but not a multiple of 1024, it is rounded down " +"to the nearest multiple of 1024." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If a B<wsize> value is not specified, or if the specified B<wsize> value is " +"larger than the maximum that either client or server can support, the client " +"and server negotiate the largest B<wsize> value that they can both support." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The B<wsize> mount option as specified on the B<mount>(8) command line " +"appears in the I</etc/mtab> file. However, the effective B<wsize> value " +"negotiated by the client and server is reported in the I</proc/mounts> file." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<ac> / B<noac>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Selects whether the client may cache file attributes. If neither option is " +"specified (or if B<ac> is specified), the client caches file attributes." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"To improve performance, NFS clients cache file attributes. Every few " +"seconds, an NFS client checks the server's version of each file's attributes " +"for updates. Changes that occur on the server in those small intervals " +"remain undetected until the client checks the server again. The B<noac> " +"option prevents clients from caching file attributes so that applications " +"can more quickly detect file changes on the server." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"In addition to preventing the client from caching file attributes, the " +"B<noac> option forces application writes to become synchronous so that local " +"changes to a file become visible on the server immediately. That way, other " +"clients can quickly detect recent writes when they check the file's " +"attributes." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Using the B<noac> option provides greater cache coherence among NFS clients " +"accessing the same files, but it extracts a significant performance " +"penalty. As such, judicious use of file locking is encouraged instead. The " +"DATA AND METADATA COHERENCE section contains a detailed discussion of these " +"trade-offs." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<acregmin=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The minimum time (in seconds) that the NFS client caches attributes of a " +"regular file before it requests fresh attribute information from a server. " +"If this option is not specified, the NFS client uses a 3-second minimum. " +"See the DATA AND METADATA COHERENCE section for a full discussion of " +"attribute caching." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<acregmax=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The maximum time (in seconds) that the NFS client caches attributes of a " +"regular file before it requests fresh attribute information from a server. " +"If this option is not specified, the NFS client uses a 60-second maximum. " +"See the DATA AND METADATA COHERENCE section for a full discussion of " +"attribute caching." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<acdirmin=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The minimum time (in seconds) that the NFS client caches attributes of a " +"directory before it requests fresh attribute information from a server. If " +"this option is not specified, the NFS client uses a 30-second minimum. See " +"the DATA AND METADATA COHERENCE section for a full discussion of attribute " +"caching." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<acdirmax=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The maximum time (in seconds) that the NFS client caches attributes of a " +"directory before it requests fresh attribute information from a server. If " +"this option is not specified, the NFS client uses a 60-second maximum. See " +"the DATA AND METADATA COHERENCE section for a full discussion of attribute " +"caching." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<actimeo=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Using B<actimeo> sets all of B<acregmin>, B<acregmax>, B<acdirmin>, and " +"B<acdirmax> to the same value. If this option is not specified, the NFS " +"client uses the defaults for each of these options listed above." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<bg> / B<fg>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Determines how the B<mount>(8) command behaves if an attempt to mount an " +"export fails. The B<fg> option causes B<mount>(8) to exit with an error " +"status if any part of the mount request times out or fails outright. This " +"is called a \"foreground\" mount, and is the default behavior if neither the " +"B<fg> nor B<bg> mount option is specified." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If the B<bg> option is specified, a timeout or failure causes the " +"B<mount>(8) command to fork a child which continues to attempt to mount the " +"export. The parent immediately returns with a zero exit code. This is " +"known as a \"background\" mount." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If the local mount point directory is missing, the B<mount>(8) command acts " +"as if the mount request timed out. This permits nested NFS mounts specified " +"in I</etc/fstab> to proceed in any order during system initialization, even " +"if some NFS servers are not yet available. Alternatively these issues can " +"be addressed using an automounter (refer to B<automount>(8) for details)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<nconnect=>n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When using a connection oriented protocol such as TCP, it may sometimes be " +"advantageous to set up multiple connections between the client and server. " +"For instance, if your clients and/or servers are equipped with multiple " +"network interface cards (NICs), using multiple connections to spread the " +"load may improve overall performance. In such cases, the B<nconnect> option " +"allows the user to specify the number of connections that should be " +"established between the client and server up to a limit of 16." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Note that the B<nconnect> option may also be used by some pNFS drivers to " +"decide how many connections to set up to the data servers." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<rdirplus> / B<nordirplus>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Selects whether to use NFS v3 or v4 READDIRPLUS requests. If this option is " +"not specified, the NFS client uses READDIRPLUS requests on NFS v3 or v4 " +"mounts to read small directories. Some applications perform better if the " +"client uses only READDIR requests for all directories." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<retry=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The number of minutes that the B<mount>(8) command retries an NFS mount " +"operation in the foreground or background before giving up. If this option " +"is not specified, the default value for foreground mounts is 2 minutes, and " +"the default value for background mounts is 10000 minutes (80 minutes shy of " +"one week). If a value of zero is specified, the B<mount>(8) command exits " +"immediately after the first failure." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Note that this only affects how many retries are made and doesn't affect the " +"delay caused by each retry. For UDP each retry takes the time determined by " +"the B<timeo> and B<retrans> options, which by default will be about 7 " +"seconds. For TCP the default is 3 minutes, but system TCP connection " +"timeouts will sometimes limit the timeout of each retransmission to around 2 " +"minutes." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<sec=>I<flavors>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"A colon-separated list of one or more security flavors to use for accessing " +"files on the mounted export. If the server does not support any of these " +"flavors, the mount operation fails. If B<sec=> is not specified, the client " +"attempts to find a security flavor that both the client and the server " +"supports. Valid I<flavors> are B<none>, B<sys>, B<krb5>, B<krb5i>, and " +"B<krb5p>. Refer to the SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS section for details." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<sharecache> / B<nosharecache>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Determines how the client's data cache and attribute cache are shared when " +"mounting the same export more than once concurrently. Using the same cache " +"reduces memory requirements on the client and presents identical file " +"contents to applications when the same remote file is accessed via different " +"mount points." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If neither option is specified, or if the B<sharecache> option is specified, " +"then a single cache is used for all mount points that access the same " +"export. If the B<nosharecache> option is specified, then that mount point " +"gets a unique cache. Note that when data and attribute caches are shared, " +"the mount options from the first mount point take effect for subsequent " +"concurrent mounts of the same export." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"As of kernel 2.6.18, the behavior specified by B<nosharecache> is legacy " +"caching behavior. This is considered a data risk since multiple cached " +"copies of the same file on the same client can become out of sync following " +"a local update of one of the copies." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<resvport> / B<noresvport>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Specifies whether the NFS client should use a privileged source port when " +"communicating with an NFS server for this mount point. If this option is " +"not specified, or the B<resvport> option is specified, the NFS client uses a " +"privileged source port. If the B<noresvport> option is specified, the NFS " +"client uses a non-privileged source port. This option is supported in " +"kernels 2.6.28 and later." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Using non-privileged source ports helps increase the maximum number of NFS " +"mount points allowed on a client, but NFS servers must be configured to " +"allow clients to connect via non-privileged source ports." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Refer to the SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS section for important details." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<lookupcache=>I<mode>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Specifies how the kernel manages its cache of directory entries for a given " +"mount point. I<mode> can be one of B<all>, B<none>, B<pos>, or " +"B<positive>. This option is supported in kernels 2.6.28 and later." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The Linux NFS client caches the result of all NFS LOOKUP requests. If the " +"requested directory entry exists on the server, the result is referred to as " +"I<positive>. If the requested directory entry does not exist on the server, " +"the result is referred to as I<negative>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If this option is not specified, or if B<all> is specified, the client " +"assumes both types of directory cache entries are valid until their parent " +"directory's cached attributes expire." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If B<pos> or B<positive> is specified, the client assumes positive entries " +"are valid until their parent directory's cached attributes expire, but " +"always revalidates negative entires before an application can use them." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If B<none> is specified, the client revalidates both types of directory " +"cache entries before an application can use them. This permits quick " +"detection of files that were created or removed by other clients, but can " +"impact application and server performance." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The DATA AND METADATA COHERENCE section contains a detailed discussion of " +"these trade-offs." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<fsc> / B<nofsc>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Enable/Disables the cache of (read-only) data pages to the local disk using " +"the FS-Cache facility. See cachefilesd(8) and E<lt>kernel_sourceE<gt>/" +"Documentation/filesystems/caching for detail on how to configure the FS-" +"Cache facility. Default value is nofsc." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<sloppy>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The B<sloppy> option is an alternative to specifying B<mount.nfs> -s " +"B<option.>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<xprtsec=>I<policy>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Specifies the use of transport layer security to protect NFS network traffic " +"on behalf of this mount point. I<policy> can be one of B<none>, B<tls>, or " +"B<mtls>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +msgid "" +"If B<none> is specified, transport layer security is forced off, even if the " +"NFS server supports transport layer security." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +msgid "" +"If B<tls> is specified, the client uses RPC-with-TLS to provide in-transit " +"confidentiality." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +msgid "" +"If B<mtls> is specified, the client uses RPC-with-TLS to authenticate itself " +"and to provide in-transit confidentiality." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +msgid "" +"If either B<tls> or B<mtls> is specified and the server does not support RPC-" +"with-TLS or peer authentication fails, the mount attempt fails." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +msgid "" +"If the B<xprtsec=> option is not specified, the default behavior depends on " +"the kernel version, but is usually equivalent to B<xprtsec=none>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Options for NFS versions 2 and 3 only" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Use these options, along with the options in the above subsection, for NFS " +"versions 2 and 3 only." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<proto=>I<netid>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The I<netid> determines the transport that is used to communicate with the " +"NFS server. Available options are B<udp>, B<udp6>, B<tcp>, B<tcp6>, " +"B<rdma>, and B<rdma6>. Those which end in B<6> use IPv6 addresses and are " +"only available if support for TI-RPC is built in. Others use IPv4 addresses." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Each transport protocol uses different default B<retrans> and B<timeo> " +"settings. Refer to the description of these two mount options for details." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"In addition to controlling how the NFS client transmits requests to the " +"server, this mount option also controls how the B<mount>(8) command " +"communicates with the server's rpcbind and mountd services. Specifying a " +"netid that uses TCP forces all traffic from the B<mount>(8) command and the " +"NFS client to use TCP. Specifying a netid that uses UDP forces all traffic " +"types to use UDP." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "B<Before using NFS over UDP, refer to the TRANSPORT METHODS section.>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If the B<proto> mount option is not specified, the B<mount>(8) command " +"discovers which protocols the server supports and chooses an appropriate " +"transport for each service. Refer to the TRANSPORT METHODS section for more " +"details." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<udp>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The B<udp> option is an alternative to specifying B<proto=udp.> It is " +"included for compatibility with other operating systems." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<tcp>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The B<tcp> option is an alternative to specifying B<proto=tcp.> It is " +"included for compatibility with other operating systems." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<rdma>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "The B<rdma> option is an alternative to specifying B<proto=rdma.>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<port=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The numeric value of the server's NFS service port. If the server's NFS " +"service is not available on the specified port, the mount request fails." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If this option is not specified, or if the specified port value is 0, then " +"the NFS client uses the NFS service port number advertised by the server's " +"rpcbind service. The mount request fails if the server's rpcbind service is " +"not available, the server's NFS service is not registered with its rpcbind " +"service, or the server's NFS service is not available on the advertised port." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<mountport=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The numeric value of the server's mountd port. If the server's mountd " +"service is not available on the specified port, the mount request fails." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If this option is not specified, or if the specified port value is 0, then " +"the B<mount>(8) command uses the mountd service port number advertised by " +"the server's rpcbind service. The mount request fails if the server's " +"rpcbind service is not available, the server's mountd service is not " +"registered with its rpcbind service, or the server's mountd service is not " +"available on the advertised port." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This option can be used when mounting an NFS server through a firewall that " +"blocks the rpcbind protocol." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<mountproto=>I<netid>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The transport the NFS client uses to transmit requests to the NFS server's " +"mountd service when performing this mount request, and when later unmounting " +"this mount point." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"I<netid> may be one of B<udp>, and B<tcp> which use IPv4 address or, if TI-" +"RPC is built into the B<mount.nfs> command, B<udp6>, and B<tcp6> which use " +"IPv6 addresses." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This option can be used when mounting an NFS server through a firewall that " +"blocks a particular transport. When used in combination with the B<proto> " +"option, different transports for mountd requests and NFS requests can be " +"specified. If the server's mountd service is not available via the " +"specified transport, the mount request fails." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Refer to the TRANSPORT METHODS section for more on how the B<mountproto> " +"mount option interacts with the B<proto> mount option." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<mounthost=>I<name>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The hostname of the host running mountd. If this option is not specified, " +"the B<mount>(8) command assumes that the mountd service runs on the same " +"host as the NFS service." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<mountvers=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The RPC version number used to contact the server's mountd. If this option " +"is not specified, the client uses a version number appropriate to the " +"requested NFS version. This option is useful when multiple NFS services are " +"running on the same remote server host." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<namlen=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The maximum length of a pathname component on this mount. If this option is " +"not specified, the maximum length is negotiated with the server. In most " +"cases, this maximum length is 255 characters." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some early versions of NFS did not support this negotiation. Using this " +"option ensures that B<pathconf>(3) reports the proper maximum component " +"length to applications in such cases." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<lock> / B<nolock>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Selects whether to use the NLM sideband protocol to lock files on the " +"server. If neither option is specified (or if B<lock> is specified), NLM " +"locking is used for this mount point. When using the B<nolock> option, " +"applications can lock files, but such locks provide exclusion only against " +"other applications running on the same client. Remote applications are not " +"affected by these locks." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"NLM locking must be disabled with the B<nolock> option when using NFS to " +"mount I</var> because I</var> contains files used by the NLM implementation " +"on Linux. Using the B<nolock> option is also required when mounting exports " +"on NFS servers that do not support the NLM protocol." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<cto> / B<nocto>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Selects whether to use close-to-open cache coherence semantics. If neither " +"option is specified (or if B<cto> is specified), the client uses close-to-" +"open cache coherence semantics. If the B<nocto> option is specified, the " +"client uses a non-standard heuristic to determine when files on the server " +"have changed." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Using the B<nocto> option may improve performance for read-only mounts, but " +"should be used only if the data on the server changes only occasionally. " +"The DATA AND METADATA COHERENCE section discusses the behavior of this " +"option in more detail." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<acl> / B<noacl>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Selects whether to use the NFSACL sideband protocol on this mount point. " +"The NFSACL sideband protocol is a proprietary protocol implemented in " +"Solaris that manages Access Control Lists. NFSACL was never made a standard " +"part of the NFS protocol specification." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If neither B<acl> nor B<noacl> option is specified, the NFS client " +"negotiates with the server to see if the NFSACL protocol is supported, and " +"uses it if the server supports it. Disabling the NFSACL sideband protocol " +"may be necessary if the negotiation causes problems on the client or " +"server. Refer to the SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS section for more details." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<local_lock=>mechanism" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Specifies whether to use local locking for any or both of the flock and the " +"POSIX locking mechanisms. I<mechanism> can be one of B<all>, B<flock>, " +"B<posix>, or B<none>. This option is supported in kernels 2.6.37 and later." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The Linux NFS client provides a way to make locks local. This means, the " +"applications can lock files, but such locks provide exclusion only against " +"other applications running on the same client. Remote applications are not " +"affected by these locks." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If this option is not specified, or if B<none> is specified, the client " +"assumes that the locks are not local." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If B<all> is specified, the client assumes that both flock and POSIX locks " +"are local." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If B<flock> is specified, the client assumes that only flock locks are local " +"and uses NLM sideband protocol to lock files when POSIX locks are used." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If B<posix> is specified, the client assumes that POSIX locks are local and " +"uses NLM sideband protocol to lock files when flock locks are used." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"To support legacy flock behavior similar to that of NFS clients E<lt> " +"2.6.12, use 'local_lock=flock'. This option is required when exporting NFS " +"mounts via Samba as Samba maps Windows share mode locks as flock. Since NFS " +"clients E<gt> 2.6.12 implement flock by emulating POSIX locks, this will " +"result in conflicting locks." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"NOTE: When used together, the 'local_lock' mount option will be overridden " +"by 'nolock'/'lock' mount option." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Options for NFS version 4 only" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Use these options, along with the options in the first subsection above, for " +"NFS version 4.0 and newer." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The I<netid> determines the transport that is used to communicate with the " +"NFS server. Supported options are B<tcp>, B<tcp6>, B<rdma>, and B<rdma6>. " +"B<tcp6> use IPv6 addresses and is only available if support for TI-RPC is " +"built in. Both others use IPv4 addresses." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"All NFS version 4 servers are required to support TCP, so if this mount " +"option is not specified, the NFS version 4 client uses the TCP protocol. " +"Refer to the TRANSPORT METHODS section for more details." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<minorversion=>I<n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Specifies the protocol minor version number. NFSv4 introduces \"minor " +"versioning,\" where NFS protocol enhancements can be introduced without " +"bumping the NFS protocol version number. Before kernel 2.6.38, the minor " +"version is always zero, and this option is not recognized. After this " +"kernel, specifying \"minorversion=1\" enables a number of advanced features, " +"such as NFSv4 sessions." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Recent kernels allow the minor version to be specified using the B<vers=> " +"option. For example, specifying B<vers=4.1> is the same as specifying " +"B<vers=4,minorversion=1>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If this mount option is not specified, the NFS client uses the standard NFS " +"port number of 2049 without first checking the server's rpcbind service. " +"This allows an NFS version 4 client to contact an NFS version 4 server " +"through a firewall that may block rpcbind requests." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If the specified port value is 0, then the NFS client uses the NFS service " +"port number advertised by the server's rpcbind service. The mount request " +"fails if the server's rpcbind service is not available, the server's NFS " +"service is not registered with its rpcbind service, or the server's NFS " +"service is not available on the advertised port." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Selects whether to use close-to-open cache coherence semantics for NFS " +"directories on this mount point. If neither B<cto> nor B<nocto> is " +"specified, the default is to use close-to-open cache coherence semantics for " +"directories." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"File data caching behavior is not affected by this option. The DATA AND " +"METADATA COHERENCE section discusses the behavior of this option in more " +"detail." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<clientaddr=>I<n.n.n.n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<clientaddr=>I<n:n:>B<...>I<:n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Specifies a single IPv4 address (in dotted-quad form), or a non-link-local " +"IPv6 address, that the NFS client advertises to allow servers to perform NFS " +"version 4.0 callback requests against files on this mount point. If the " +"server is unable to establish callback connections to clients, performance " +"may degrade, or accesses to files may temporarily hang. Can specify a value " +"of IPv4_ANY (0.0.0.0) or equivalent IPv6 any address which will signal to " +"the NFS server that this NFS client does not want delegations." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If this option is not specified, the B<mount>(8) command attempts to " +"discover an appropriate callback address automatically. The automatic " +"discovery process is not perfect, however. In the presence of multiple " +"client network interfaces, special routing policies, or atypical network " +"topologies, the exact address to use for callbacks may be nontrivial to " +"determine." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"NFS protocol versions 4.1 and 4.2 use the client-established TCP connection " +"for callback requests, so do not require the server to connect to the " +"client. This option is therefore only affect NFS version 4.0 mounts." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<migration> / B<nomigration>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Selects whether the client uses an identification string that is compatible " +"with NFSv4 Transparent State Migration (TSM). If the mounted server " +"supports NFSv4 migration with TSM, specify the B<migration> option." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 +#: opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some server features misbehave in the face of a migration-compatible " +"identification string. The B<nomigration> option retains the use of a " +"traditional client indentification string which is compatible with legacy " +"NFS servers. This is also the behavior if neither option is specified. A " +"client's open and lock state cannot be migrated transparently when it " +"identifies itself via a traditional identification string." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This mount option has no effect with NFSv4 minor versions newer than zero, " +"which always use TSM-compatible client identification strings." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<max_connect=>n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"While B<nconnect> option sets a limit on the number of connections that can " +"be established to a given server IP, B<max_connect> option allows the user " +"to specify maximum number of connections to different server IPs that belong " +"to the same NFSv4.1+ server (session trunkable connections) up to a limit of " +"16. When client discovers that it established a client ID to an already " +"existing server, instead of dropping the newly created network transport, " +"the client will add this new connection to the list of available transports " +"for that RPC client." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<trunkdiscovery> / B<notrunkdiscovery>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +msgid "" +"When the client discovers a new filesystem on a NFSv4.1+ server, the " +"B<trunkdiscovery> mount option will cause it to send a GETATTR for the " +"fs_locations attribute. If is receives a non-zero length reply, it will " +"iterate through the response, and for each server location it will establish " +"a connection, send an EXCHANGE_ID, and test for session trunking. If the " +"trunking test succeeds, the connection will be added to the existing set of " +"transports for the server, subject to the limit specified by the " +"B<max_connect> option. The default is B<notrunkdiscovery>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "nfs4 FILE SYSTEM TYPE" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The B<nfs4> file system type is an old syntax for specifying NFSv4 usage. It " +"can still be used with all NFSv4-specific and common options, excepted the " +"B<nfsvers> mount option." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "MOUNT CONFIGURATION FILE" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If the mount command is configured to do so, all of the mount options " +"described in the previous section can also be configured in the I</etc/" +"nfsmount.conf> file. See B<nfsmount.conf(5)> for details." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "EXAMPLES" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +msgid "" +"To mount using NFS version 3, use the B<nfs> file system type and specify " +"the B<nfsvers=3> mount option. To mount using NFS version 4, use either the " +"B<nfs> file system type, with the B<nfsvers=4> mount option, or the B<nfs4> " +"file system type." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The following example from an I</etc/fstab> file causes the mount command to " +"negotiate reasonable defaults for NFS behavior." +msgstr "" + +#. type: ta +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "8n +16n +6n +6n +30n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "\tserver:/export\t/mnt\tnfs\tdefaults\t0 0\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This example shows how to mount using NFS version 4 over TCP with Kerberos 5 " +"mutual authentication." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "\tserver:/export\t/mnt\tnfs4\tsec=krb5\t0 0\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This example shows how to mount using NFS version 4 over TCP with Kerberos 5 " +"privacy or data integrity mode." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "\tserver:/export\t/mnt\tnfs4\tsec=krb5p:krb5i\t0 0\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "This example can be used to mount /usr over NFS." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "\tserver:/export\t/usr\tnfs\tro,nolock,nocto,actimeo=3600\t0 0\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This example shows how to mount an NFS server using a raw IPv6 link-local " +"address." +msgstr "" + +#. type: ta +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "8n +40n +5n +4n +9n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "\t[fe80::215:c5ff:fb3e:e2b1%eth0]:/export\t/mnt\tnfs\tdefaults\t0 0\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "TRANSPORT METHODS" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"NFS clients send requests to NFS servers via Remote Procedure Calls, or " +"I<RPCs>. The RPC client discovers remote service endpoints automatically, " +"handles per-request authentication, adjusts request parameters for different " +"byte endianness on client and server, and retransmits requests that may have " +"been lost by the network or server. RPC requests and replies flow over a " +"network transport." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"In most cases, the B<mount>(8) command, NFS client, and NFS server can " +"automatically negotiate proper transport and data transfer size settings for " +"a mount point. In some cases, however, it pays to specify these settings " +"explicitly using mount options." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Traditionally, NFS clients used the UDP transport exclusively for " +"transmitting requests to servers. Though its implementation is simple, NFS " +"over UDP has many limitations that prevent smooth operation and good " +"performance in some common deployment environments. Even an insignificant " +"packet loss rate results in the loss of whole NFS requests; as such, " +"retransmit timeouts are usually in the subsecond range to allow clients to " +"recover quickly from dropped requests, but this can result in extraneous " +"network traffic and server load." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"However, UDP can be quite effective in specialized settings where the " +"networks MTU is large relative to NFSs data transfer size (such as network " +"environments that enable jumbo Ethernet frames). In such environments, " +"trimming the B<rsize> and B<wsize> settings so that each NFS read or write " +"request fits in just a few network frames (or even in a single frame) is " +"advised. This reduces the probability that the loss of a single MTU-sized " +"network frame results in the loss of an entire large read or write request." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"TCP is the default transport protocol used for all modern NFS " +"implementations. It performs well in almost every conceivable network " +"environment and provides excellent guarantees against data corruption caused " +"by network unreliability. TCP is often a requirement for mounting a server " +"through a network firewall." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Under normal circumstances, networks drop packets much more frequently than " +"NFS servers drop requests. As such, an aggressive retransmit timeout " +"setting for NFS over TCP is unnecessary. Typical timeout settings for NFS " +"over TCP are between one and ten minutes. After the client exhausts its " +"retransmits (the value of the B<retrans> mount option), it assumes a network " +"partition has occurred, and attempts to reconnect to the server on a fresh " +"socket. Since TCP itself makes network data transfer reliable, B<rsize> and " +"B<wsize> can safely be allowed to default to the largest values supported by " +"both client and server, independent of the network's MTU size." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Using the mountproto mount option" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This section applies only to NFS version 3 mounts since NFS version 4 does " +"not use a separate protocol for mount requests." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The Linux NFS client can use a different transport for contacting an NFS " +"server's rpcbind service, its mountd service, its Network Lock Manager (NLM) " +"service, and its NFS service. The exact transports employed by the Linux " +"NFS client for each mount point depends on the settings of the transport " +"mount options, which include B<proto>, B<mountproto>, B<udp>, and B<tcp>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The client sends Network Status Manager (NSM) notifications via UDP no " +"matter what transport options are specified, but listens for server NSM " +"notifications on both UDP and TCP. The NFS Access Control List (NFSACL) " +"protocol shares the same transport as the main NFS service." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If no transport options are specified, the Linux NFS client uses UDP to " +"contact the server's mountd service, and TCP to contact its NLM and NFS " +"services by default." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If the server does not support these transports for these services, the " +"B<mount>(8) command attempts to discover what the server supports, and then " +"retries the mount request once using the discovered transports. If the " +"server does not advertise any transport supported by the client or is " +"misconfigured, the mount request fails. If the B<bg> option is in effect, " +"the mount command backgrounds itself and continues to attempt the specified " +"mount request." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When the B<proto> option, the B<udp> option, or the B<tcp> option is " +"specified but the B<mountproto> option is not, the specified transport is " +"used to contact both the server's mountd service and for the NLM and NFS " +"services." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If the B<mountproto> option is specified but none of the B<proto>, B<udp> or " +"B<tcp> options are specified, then the specified transport is used for the " +"initial mountd request, but the mount command attempts to discover what the " +"server supports for the NFS protocol, preferring TCP if both transports are " +"supported." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If both the B<mountproto> and B<proto> (or B<udp> or B<tcp>) options are " +"specified, then the transport specified by the B<mountproto> option is used " +"for the initial mountd request, and the transport specified by the B<proto> " +"option (or the B<udp> or B<tcp> options) is used for NFS, no matter what " +"order these options appear. No automatic service discovery is performed if " +"these options are specified." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If any of the B<proto>, B<udp>, B<tcp>, or B<mountproto> options are " +"specified more than once on the same mount command line, then the value of " +"the rightmost instance of each of these options takes effect." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Using NFS over UDP on high-speed links" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Using NFS over UDP on high-speed links such as Gigabit B<can cause silent " +"data corruption>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The problem can be triggered at high loads, and is caused by problems in IP " +"fragment reassembly. NFS read and writes typically transmit UDP packets of 4 " +"Kilobytes or more, which have to be broken up into several fragments in " +"order to be sent over the Ethernet link, which limits packets to 1500 bytes " +"by default. This process happens at the IP network layer and is called " +"fragmentation." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"In order to identify fragments that belong together, IP assigns a 16bit I<IP " +"ID> value to each packet; fragments generated from the same UDP packet will " +"have the same IP ID. The receiving system will collect these fragments and " +"combine them to form the original UDP packet. This process is called " +"reassembly. The default timeout for packet reassembly is 30 seconds; if the " +"network stack does not receive all fragments of a given packet within this " +"interval, it assumes the missing fragment(s) got lost and discards those it " +"already received." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The problem this creates over high-speed links is that it is possible to " +"send more than 65536 packets within 30 seconds. In fact, with heavy NFS " +"traffic one can observe that the IP IDs repeat after about 5 seconds." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This has serious effects on reassembly: if one fragment gets lost, another " +"fragment I<from a different packet> but with the I<same IP ID> will arrive " +"within the 30 second timeout, and the network stack will combine these " +"fragments to form a new packet. Most of the time, network layers above IP " +"will detect this mismatched reassembly - in the case of UDP, the UDP " +"checksum, which is a 16 bit checksum over the entire packet payload, will " +"usually not match, and UDP will discard the bad packet." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"However, the UDP checksum is 16 bit only, so there is a chance of 1 in 65536 " +"that it will match even if the packet payload is completely random (which " +"very often isn't the case). If that is the case, silent data corruption will " +"occur." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This potential should be taken seriously, at least on Gigabit Ethernet. " +"Network speeds of 100Mbit/s should be considered less problematic, because " +"with most traffic patterns IP ID wrap around will take much longer than 30 " +"seconds." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"It is therefore strongly recommended to use B<NFS over TCP where possible>, " +"since TCP does not perform fragmentation." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If you absolutely have to use NFS over UDP over Gigabit Ethernet, some steps " +"can be taken to mitigate the problem and reduce the probability of " +"corruption:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<Jumbo frames:>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Many Gigabit network cards are capable of transmitting frames bigger than " +"the 1500 byte limit of traditional Ethernet, typically 9000 bytes. Using " +"jumbo frames of 9000 bytes will allow you to run NFS over UDP at a page size " +"of 8K without fragmentation. Of course, this is only feasible if all " +"involved stations support jumbo frames." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"To enable a machine to send jumbo frames on cards that support it, it is " +"sufficient to configure the interface for a MTU value of 9000." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<Lower reassembly timeout:>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"By lowering this timeout below the time it takes the IP ID counter to wrap " +"around, incorrect reassembly of fragments can be prevented as well. To do " +"so, simply write the new timeout value (in seconds) to the file B</proc/sys/" +"net/ipv4/ipfrag_time>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"A value of 2 seconds will greatly reduce the probability of IPID clashes on " +"a single Gigabit link, while still allowing for a reasonable timeout when " +"receiving fragmented traffic from distant peers." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "DATA AND METADATA COHERENCE" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some modern cluster file systems provide perfect cache coherence among their " +"clients. Perfect cache coherence among disparate NFS clients is expensive " +"to achieve, especially on wide area networks. As such, NFS settles for " +"weaker cache coherence that satisfies the requirements of most file sharing " +"types." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Close-to-open cache consistency" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Typically file sharing is completely sequential. First client A opens a " +"file, writes something to it, then closes it. Then client B opens the same " +"file, and reads the changes." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When an application opens a file stored on an NFS version 3 server, the NFS " +"client checks that the file exists on the server and is permitted to the " +"opener by sending a GETATTR or ACCESS request. The NFS client sends these " +"requests regardless of the freshness of the file's cached attributes." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When the application closes the file, the NFS client writes back any pending " +"changes to the file so that the next opener can view the changes. This also " +"gives the NFS client an opportunity to report write errors to the " +"application via the return code from B<close>(2)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The behavior of checking at open time and flushing at close time is referred " +"to as I<close-to-open cache consistency>, or I<CTO>. It can be disabled for " +"an entire mount point using the B<nocto> mount option." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Weak cache consistency" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"There are still opportunities for a client's data cache to contain stale " +"data. The NFS version 3 protocol introduced \"weak cache " +"consistency\" (also known as WCC) which provides a way of efficiently " +"checking a file's attributes before and after a single request. This allows " +"a client to help identify changes that could have been made by other clients." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When a client is using many concurrent operations that update the same file " +"at the same time (for example, during asynchronous write behind), it is " +"still difficult to tell whether it was that client's updates or some other " +"client's updates that altered the file." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Attribute caching" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Use the B<noac> mount option to achieve attribute cache coherence among " +"multiple clients. Almost every file system operation checks file attribute " +"information. The client keeps this information cached for a period of time " +"to reduce network and server load. When B<noac> is in effect, a client's " +"file attribute cache is disabled, so each operation that needs to check a " +"file's attributes is forced to go back to the server. This permits a client " +"to see changes to a file very quickly, at the cost of many extra network " +"operations." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Be careful not to confuse the B<noac> option with \"no data caching.\" The " +"B<noac> mount option prevents the client from caching file metadata, but " +"there are still races that may result in data cache incoherence between " +"client and server." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The NFS protocol is not designed to support true cluster file system cache " +"coherence without some type of application serialization. If absolute cache " +"coherence among clients is required, applications should use file locking. " +"Alternatively, applications can also open their files with the O_DIRECT flag " +"to disable data caching entirely." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "File timestamp maintenance" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"NFS servers are responsible for managing file and directory timestamps " +"(B<atime>, B<ctime>, and B<mtime>). When a file is accessed or updated on " +"an NFS server, the file's timestamps are updated just like they would be on " +"a filesystem local to an application." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"NFS clients cache file attributes, including timestamps. A file's " +"timestamps are updated on NFS clients when its attributes are retrieved from " +"the NFS server. Thus there may be some delay before timestamp updates on an " +"NFS server appear to applications on NFS clients." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"To comply with the POSIX filesystem standard, the Linux NFS client relies on " +"NFS servers to keep a file's B<mtime> and B<ctime> timestamps properly up to " +"date. It does this by flushing local data changes to the server before " +"reporting B<mtime> to applications via system calls such as B<stat>(2)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The Linux client handles B<atime> updates more loosely, however. NFS " +"clients maintain good performance by caching data, but that means that " +"application reads, which normally update B<atime>, are not reflected to the " +"server where a file's B<atime> is actually maintained." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Because of this caching behavior, the Linux NFS client does not support " +"generic atime-related mount options. See B<mount>(8) for details on these " +"options." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"In particular, the B<atime>/B<noatime>, B<diratime>/B<nodiratime>, " +"B<relatime>/B<norelatime>, and B<strictatime>/B<nostrictatime> mount options " +"have no effect on NFS mounts." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"I</proc/mounts> may report that the B<relatime> mount option is set on NFS " +"mounts, but in fact the B<atime> semantics are always as described here, and " +"are not like B<relatime> semantics." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Directory entry caching" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The Linux NFS client caches the result of all NFS LOOKUP requests. If the " +"requested directory entry exists on the server, the result is referred to as " +"a I<positive> lookup result. If the requested directory entry does not " +"exist on the server (that is, the server returned ENOENT), the result is " +"referred to as I<negative> lookup result." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"To detect when directory entries have been added or removed on the server, " +"the Linux NFS client watches a directory's mtime. If the client detects a " +"change in a directory's mtime, the client drops all cached LOOKUP results " +"for that directory. Since the directory's mtime is a cached attribute, it " +"may take some time before a client notices it has changed. See the " +"descriptions of the B<acdirmin>, B<acdirmax>, and B<noac> mount options for " +"more information about how long a directory's mtime is cached." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Caching directory entries improves the performance of applications that do " +"not share files with applications on other clients. Using cached " +"information about directories can interfere with applications that run " +"concurrently on multiple clients and need to detect the creation or removal " +"of files quickly, however. The B<lookupcache> mount option allows some " +"tuning of directory entry caching behavior." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Before kernel release 2.6.28, the Linux NFS client tracked only positive " +"lookup results. This permitted applications to detect new directory entries " +"created by other clients quickly while still providing some of the " +"performance benefits of caching. If an application depends on the previous " +"lookup caching behavior of the Linux NFS client, you can use " +"B<lookupcache=positive>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If the client ignores its cache and validates every application lookup " +"request with the server, that client can immediately detect when a new " +"directory entry has been either created or removed by another client. You " +"can specify this behavior using B<lookupcache=none>. The extra NFS requests " +"needed if the client does not cache directory entries can exact a " +"performance penalty. Disabling lookup caching should result in less of a " +"performance penalty than using B<noac>, and has no effect on how the NFS " +"client caches the attributes of files." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "The sync mount option" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The NFS client treats the B<sync> mount option differently than some other " +"file systems (refer to B<mount>(8) for a description of the generic B<sync> " +"and B<async> mount options). If neither B<sync> nor B<async> is specified " +"(or if the B<async> option is specified), the NFS client delays sending " +"application writes to the server until any of these events occur:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Memory pressure forces reclamation of system memory resources." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"An application flushes file data explicitly with B<sync>(2), B<msync>(2), or " +"B<fsync>(3)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "An application closes a file with B<close>(2)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "The file is locked/unlocked via B<fcntl>(2)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"In other words, under normal circumstances, data written by an application " +"may not immediately appear on the server that hosts the file." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If the B<sync> option is specified on a mount point, any system call that " +"writes data to files on that mount point causes that data to be flushed to " +"the server before the system call returns control to user space. This " +"provides greater data cache coherence among clients, but at a significant " +"performance cost." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Applications can use the O_SYNC open flag to force application writes to " +"individual files to go to the server immediately without the use of the " +"B<sync> mount option." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Using file locks with NFS" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The Network Lock Manager protocol is a separate sideband protocol used to " +"manage file locks in NFS version 3. To support lock recovery after a client " +"or server reboot, a second sideband protocol -- known as the Network Status " +"Manager protocol -- is also required. In NFS version 4, file locking is " +"supported directly in the main NFS protocol, and the NLM and NSM sideband " +"protocols are not used." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"In most cases, NLM and NSM services are started automatically, and no extra " +"configuration is required. Configure all NFS clients with fully-qualified " +"domain names to ensure that NFS servers can find clients to notify them of " +"server reboots." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"NLM supports advisory file locks only. To lock NFS files, use B<fcntl>(2) " +"with the F_GETLK and F_SETLK commands. The NFS client converts file locks " +"obtained via B<flock>(2) to advisory locks." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When mounting servers that do not support the NLM protocol, or when mounting " +"an NFS server through a firewall that blocks the NLM service port, specify " +"the B<nolock> mount option. NLM locking must be disabled with the B<nolock> " +"option when using NFS to mount I</var> because I</var> contains files used " +"by the NLM implementation on Linux." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Specifying the B<nolock> option may also be advised to improve the " +"performance of a proprietary application which runs on a single client and " +"uses file locks extensively." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "NFS version 4 caching features" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The data and metadata caching behavior of NFS version 4 clients is similar " +"to that of earlier versions. However, NFS version 4 adds two features that " +"improve cache behavior: I<change attributes> and I<file delegation>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The I<change attribute> is a new part of NFS file and directory metadata " +"which tracks data changes. It replaces the use of a file's modification and " +"change time stamps as a way for clients to validate the content of their " +"caches. Change attributes are independent of the time stamp resolution on " +"either the server or client, however." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"A I<file delegation> is a contract between an NFS version 4 client and " +"server that allows the client to treat a file temporarily as if no other " +"client is accessing it. The server promises to notify the client (via a " +"callback request) if another client attempts to access that file. Once a " +"file has been delegated to a client, the client can cache that file's data " +"and metadata aggressively without contacting the server." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"File delegations come in two flavors: I<read> and I<write>. A I<read> " +"delegation means that the server notifies the client about any other clients " +"that want to write to the file. A I<write> delegation means that the client " +"gets notified about either read or write accessors." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Servers grant file delegations when a file is opened, and can recall " +"delegations at any time when another client wants access to the file that " +"conflicts with any delegations already granted. Delegations on directories " +"are not supported." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"In order to support delegation callback, the server checks the network " +"return path to the client during the client's initial contact with the " +"server. If contact with the client cannot be established, the server simply " +"does not grant any delegations to that client." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"NFS servers control access to file data, but they depend on their RPC " +"implementation to provide authentication of NFS requests. Traditional NFS " +"access control mimics the standard mode bit access control provided in local " +"file systems. Traditional RPC authentication uses a number to represent " +"each user (usually the user's own uid), a number to represent the user's " +"group (the user's gid), and a set of up to 16 auxiliary group numbers to " +"represent other groups of which the user may be a member." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Typically, file data and user ID values appear unencrypted (i.e. \"in the " +"clear\") on the network. Moreover, NFS versions 2 and 3 use separate " +"sideband protocols for mounting, locking and unlocking files, and reporting " +"system status of clients and servers. These auxiliary protocols use no " +"authentication." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"In addition to combining these sideband protocols with the main NFS " +"protocol, NFS version 4 introduces more advanced forms of access control, " +"authentication, and in-transit data protection. The NFS version 4 " +"specification mandates support for strong authentication and security " +"flavors that provide per-RPC integrity checking and encryption. Because NFS " +"version 4 combines the function of the sideband protocols into the main NFS " +"protocol, the new security features apply to all NFS version 4 operations " +"including mounting, file locking, and so on. RPCGSS authentication can also " +"be used with NFS versions 2 and 3, but it does not protect their sideband " +"protocols." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The B<sec> mount option specifies the security flavor used for operations on " +"behalf of users on that NFS mount point. Specifying B<sec=krb5> provides " +"cryptographic proof of a user's identity in each RPC request. This provides " +"strong verification of the identity of users accessing data on the server. " +"Note that additional configuration besides adding this mount option is " +"required in order to enable Kerberos security. Refer to the B<rpc.gssd>(8) " +"man page for details." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Two additional flavors of Kerberos security are supported: B<krb5i> and " +"B<krb5p>. The B<krb5i> security flavor provides a cryptographically strong " +"guarantee that the data in each RPC request has not been tampered with. The " +"B<krb5p> security flavor encrypts every RPC request to prevent data exposure " +"during network transit; however, expect some performance impact when using " +"integrity checking or encryption. Similar support for other forms of " +"cryptographic security is also available." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "NFS version 4 filesystem crossing" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The NFS version 4 protocol allows a client to renegotiate the security " +"flavor when the client crosses into a new filesystem on the server. The " +"newly negotiated flavor effects only accesses of the new filesystem." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Such negotiation typically occurs when a client crosses from a server's " +"pseudo-fs into one of the server's exported physical filesystems, which " +"often have more restrictive security settings than the pseudo-fs." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "NFS version 4 Leases" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"In NFS version 4, a lease is a period during which a server irrevocably " +"grants a client file locks. Once the lease expires, the server may revoke " +"those locks. Clients periodically renew their leases to prevent lock " +"revocation." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"After an NFS version 4 server reboots, each client tells the server about " +"existing file open and lock state under its lease before operation can " +"continue. If a client reboots, the server frees all open and lock state " +"associated with that client's lease." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When establishing a lease, therefore, a client must identify itself to a " +"server. Each client presents an arbitrary string to distinguish itself from " +"other clients. The client administrator can supplement the default identity " +"string using the I<nfs4.nfs4_unique_id> module parameter to avoid collisions " +"with other client identity strings." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"A client also uses a unique security flavor and principal when it " +"establishes its lease. If two clients present the same identity string, a " +"server can use client principals to distinguish between them, thus securely " +"preventing one client from interfering with the other's lease." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The Linux NFS client establishes one lease on each NFS version 4 server. " +"Lease management operations, such as lease renewal, are not done on behalf " +"of a particular file, lock, user, or mount point, but on behalf of the " +"client that owns that lease. A client uses a consistent identity string, " +"security flavor, and principal across client reboots to ensure that the " +"server can promptly reap expired lease state." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When Kerberos is configured on a Linux NFS client (i.e., there is a I</etc/" +"krb5.keytab> on that client), the client attempts to use a Kerberos security " +"flavor for its lease management operations. Kerberos provides secure " +"authentication of each client. By default, the client uses the I<host/> or " +"I<nfs/> service principal in its I</etc/krb5.keytab> for this purpose, as " +"described in B<rpc.gssd>(8)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If the client has Kerberos configured, but the server does not, or if the " +"client does not have a keytab or the requisite service principals, the " +"client uses I<AUTH_SYS> and UID 0 for lease management." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Using non-privileged source ports" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"NFS clients usually communicate with NFS servers via network sockets. Each " +"end of a socket is assigned a port value, which is simply a number between 1 " +"and 65535 that distinguishes socket endpoints at the same IP address. A " +"socket is uniquely defined by a tuple that includes the transport protocol " +"(TCP or UDP) and the port values and IP addresses of both endpoints." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The NFS client can choose any source port value for its sockets, but usually " +"chooses a I<privileged> port. A privileged port is a port value less than " +"1024. Only a process with root privileges may create a socket with a " +"privileged source port." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The exact range of privileged source ports that can be chosen is set by a " +"pair of sysctls to avoid choosing a well-known port, such as the port used " +"by ssh. This means the number of source ports available for the NFS client, " +"and therefore the number of socket connections that can be used at the same " +"time, is practically limited to only a few hundred." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"As described above, the traditional default NFS authentication scheme, known " +"as AUTH_SYS, relies on sending local UID and GID numbers to identify users " +"making NFS requests. An NFS server assumes that if a connection comes from " +"a privileged port, the UID and GID numbers in the NFS requests on this " +"connection have been verified by the client's kernel or some other local " +"authority. This is an easy system to spoof, but on a trusted physical " +"network between trusted hosts, it is entirely adequate." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Roughly speaking, one socket is used for each NFS mount point. If a client " +"could use non-privileged source ports as well, the number of sockets " +"allowed, and thus the maximum number of concurrent mount points, would be " +"much larger." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Using non-privileged source ports may compromise server security somewhat, " +"since any user on AUTH_SYS mount points can now pretend to be any other when " +"making NFS requests. Thus NFS servers do not support this by default. They " +"explicitly allow it usually via an export option." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"To retain good security while allowing as many mount points as possible, it " +"is best to allow non-privileged client connections only if the server and " +"client both require strong authentication, such as Kerberos." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Mounting through a firewall" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"A firewall may reside between an NFS client and server, or the client or " +"server may block some of its own ports via IP filter rules. It is still " +"possible to mount an NFS server through a firewall, though some of the " +"B<mount>(8) command's automatic service endpoint discovery mechanisms may " +"not work; this requires you to provide specific endpoint details via NFS " +"mount options." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"NFS servers normally run a portmapper or rpcbind daemon to advertise their " +"service endpoints to clients. Clients use the rpcbind daemon to determine:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "What network port each RPC-based service is using" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "What transport protocols each RPC-based service supports" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The rpcbind daemon uses a well-known port number (111) to help clients find " +"a service endpoint. Although NFS often uses a standard port number (2049), " +"auxiliary services such as the NLM service can choose any unused port number " +"at random." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 +#: opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Common firewall configurations block the well-known rpcbind port. In the " +"absense of an rpcbind service, the server administrator fixes the port " +"number of NFS-related services so that the firewall can allow access to " +"specific NFS service ports. Client administrators then specify the port " +"number for the mountd service via the B<mount>(8) command's B<mountport> " +"option. It may also be necessary to enforce the use of TCP or UDP if the " +"firewall blocks one of those transports." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "NFS Access Control Lists" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Solaris allows NFS version 3 clients direct access to POSIX Access Control " +"Lists stored in its local file systems. This proprietary sideband protocol, " +"known as NFSACL, provides richer access control than mode bits. Linux " +"implements this protocol for compatibility with the Solaris NFS " +"implementation. The NFSACL protocol never became a standard part of the NFS " +"version 3 specification, however." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The NFS version 4 specification mandates a new version of Access Control " +"Lists that are semantically richer than POSIX ACLs. NFS version 4 ACLs are " +"not fully compatible with POSIX ACLs; as such, some translation between the " +"two is required in an environment that mixes POSIX ACLs and NFS version 4." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "THE REMOUNT OPTION" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Generic mount options such as B<rw> and B<sync> can be modified on NFS mount " +"points using the B<remount> option. See B<mount>(8) for more information " +"on generic mount options." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"With few exceptions, NFS-specific options are not able to be modified during " +"a remount. The underlying transport or NFS version cannot be changed by a " +"remount, for example." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Performing a remount on an NFS file system mounted with the B<noac> option " +"may have unintended consequences. The B<noac> option is a combination of " +"the generic option B<sync>, and the NFS-specific option B<actimeo=0>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Unmounting after a remount" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"For mount points that use NFS versions 2 or 3, the NFS umount subcommand " +"depends on knowing the original set of mount options used to perform the MNT " +"operation. These options are stored on disk by the NFS mount subcommand, " +"and can be erased by a remount." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"To ensure that the saved mount options are not erased during a remount, " +"specify either the local mount directory, or the server hostname and export " +"pathname, but not both, during a remount. For example," +msgstr "" + +#. type: ta +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "8n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "\tmount -o remount,ro /mnt\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"merges the mount option B<ro> with the mount options already saved on disk " +"for the NFS server mounted at /mnt." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "FILES" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "file system table" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "I</etc/nfsmount.conf>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Configuration file for NFS mounts" +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "NOTES" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Before 2.4.7, the Linux NFS client did not support NFS over TCP." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Before 2.4.20, the Linux NFS client used a heuristic to determine whether " +"cached file data was still valid rather than using the standard close-to-" +"open cache coherency method described above." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Starting with 2.4.22, the Linux NFS client employs a Van Jacobsen-based RTT " +"estimator to determine retransmit timeout values when using NFS over UDP." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Before 2.6.0, the Linux NFS client did not support NFS version 4." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Before 2.6.8, the Linux NFS client used only synchronous reads and writes " +"when the B<rsize> and B<wsize> settings were smaller than the system's page " +"size." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The Linux client's support for protocol versions depend on whether the " +"kernel was built with options CONFIG_NFS_V2, CONFIG_NFS_V3, CONFIG_NFS_V4, " +"CONFIG_NFS_V4_1, and CONFIG_NFS_V4_2." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "SEE ALSO" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"B<fstab>(5), B<mount>(8), B<umount>(8), B<mount.nfs>(5), B<umount.nfs>(5), " +"B<exports>(5), B<nfsmount.conf>(5), B<netconfig>(5), B<ipv6>(7), B<nfsd>(8), " +"B<sm-notify>(8), B<rpc.statd>(8), B<rpc.idmapd>(8), B<rpc.gssd>(8), B<rpc." +"svcgssd>(8), B<kerberos>(1)" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "RFC 768 for the UDP specification." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "RFC 793 for the TCP specification." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "RFC 1813 for the NFS version 3 specification." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "RFC 1832 for the XDR specification." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "RFC 1833 for the RPC bind specification." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "RFC 2203 for the RPCSEC GSS API protocol specification." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "RFC 7530 for the NFS version 4.0 specification." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "RFC 5661 for the NFS version 4.1 specification." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "RFC 7862 for the NFS version 4.2 specification." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: debian-bookworm mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<soft> / B<hard>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Determines the recovery behavior of the NFS client after an NFS request " +"times out. If neither option is specified (or if the B<hard> option is " +"specified), NFS requests are retried indefinitely. If the B<soft> option is " +"specified, then the NFS client fails an NFS request after B<retrans> " +"retransmissions have been sent, causing the NFS client to return an error to " +"the calling application." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"I<NB:> A so-called \"soft\" timeout can cause silent data corruption in " +"certain cases. As such, use the B<soft> option only when client " +"responsiveness is more important than data integrity. Using NFS over TCP or " +"increasing the value of the B<retrans> option may mitigate some of the risks " +"of using the B<soft> option." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"mount option. To mount using NFS version 3, use the B<nfs> file system type " +"and specify the B<nfsvers=3> mount option. To mount using NFS version 4, " +"use either the B<nfs> file system type, with the B<nfsvers=4> mount option, " +"or the B<nfs4> file system type." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +msgid "" +"Some server features misbehave in the face of a migration-compatible " +"identification string. The B<nomigration> option retains the use of a " +"traditional client identification string which is compatible with legacy NFS " +"servers. This is also the behavior if neither option is specified. A " +"client's open and lock state cannot be migrated transparently when it " +"identifies itself via a traditional identification string." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +msgid "" +"Common firewall configurations block the well-known rpcbind port. In the " +"absence of an rpcbind service, the server administrator fixes the port " +"number of NFS-related services so that the firewall can allow access to " +"specific NFS service ports. Client administrators then specify the port " +"number for the mountd service via the B<mount>(8) command's B<mountport> " +"option. It may also be necessary to enforce the use of TCP or UDP if the " +"firewall blocks one of those transports." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If B<none> is specified, transport layer security is forced off, even if the " +"NFS server supports transport layer security. If B<tls> is specified, the " +"client uses RPC-with-TLS to provide in-transit confidentiality. If B<mtls> " +"is specified, the client uses RPC-with-TLS to authenticate itself and to " +"provide in-transit confidentiality. If the server does not support RPC-with-" +"TLS or peer authentication fails, the mount attempt fails." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If the B<xprtsec=> option is not specified, the default behavior depends on " +"the kernel, but is usually equivalent to B<xprtsec=none>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"NFS is an Internet Standard protocol created by Sun Microsystems in 1984. " +"NFS was developed to allow file sharing between systems residing on a local " +"area network. The Linux NFS client supports three versions of the NFS " +"protocol: NFS version 2 [RFC1094], NFS version 3 [RFC1813], and NFS version " +"4 [RFC3530]." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"The NFS protocol version number used to contact the server's NFS service. " +"If the server does not support the requested version, the mount request " +"fails. If this option is not specified, the client negotiates a suitable " +"version with the server, trying version 4 first, version 3 second, and " +"version 2 last." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"Enable/Disables the cache of (read-only) data pages to the local disk using " +"the FS-Cache facility. See cachefilesd(8) and E<lt>kernel_soruceE<gt>/" +"Documentation/filesystems/caching for detail on how to configure the FS-" +"Cache facility. Default value is nofsc." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"The I<netid> determines the transport that is used to communicate with the " +"NFS server. Available options are B<udp>, B<udp6>, B<tcp>, B<tcp6>, and " +"B<rdma>. Those which end in B<6> use IPv6 addresses and are only available " +"if support for TI-RPC is built in. Others use IPv4 addresses." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"Use these options, along with the options in the first subsection above, for " +"NFS version 4 and newer." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"The I<netid> determines the transport that is used to communicate with the " +"NFS server. Supported options are B<tcp>, B<tcp6>, and B<rdma>. B<tcp6> " +"use IPv6 addresses and is only available if support for TI-RPC is built in. " +"Both others use IPv4 addresses." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"Specifies a single IPv4 address (in dotted-quad form), or a non-link-local " +"IPv6 address, that the NFS client advertises to allow servers to perform NFS " +"version 4 callback requests against files on this mount point. If the server " +"is unable to establish callback connections to clients, performance may " +"degrade, or accesses to files may temporarily hang." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"To mount an export using NFS version 2, use the B<nfs> file system type and " +"specify the B<nfsvers=2> mount option. To mount using NFS version 3, use " +"the B<nfs> file system type and specify the B<nfsvers=3> mount option. To " +"mount using NFS version 4, use either the B<nfs> file system type, with the " +"B<nfsvers=4> mount option, or the B<nfs4> file system type." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"Here is an example from an /etc/fstab file for an NFS version 2 mount over " +"UDP." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "\tserver:/export\t/mnt\tnfs\tnfsvers=2,proto=udp\t0 0\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"This section applies only to NFS version 2 and version 3 mounts since NFS " +"version 4 does not use a separate protocol for mount requests." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "File timestamp maintainence" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"The Network Lock Manager protocol is a separate sideband protocol used to " +"manage file locks in NFS version 2 and version 3. To support lock recovery " +"after a client or server reboot, a second sideband protocol -- known as the " +"Network Status Manager protocol -- is also required. In NFS version 4, file " +"locking is supported directly in the main NFS protocol, and the NLM and NSM " +"sideband protocols are not used." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"In NFS version 4, a lease is a period of time during which a server " +"irrevocably grants a file lock to a client. If the lease expires, the " +"server is allowed to revoke that lock. Clients periodically renew their " +"leases to prevent lock revocation." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"After an NFS version 4 server reboots, each client tells the server about " +"all file open and lock state under its lease before operation can continue. " +"If the client reboots, the server frees all open and lock state associated " +"with that client's lease." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"As part of establishing a lease, therefore, a client must identify itself to " +"a server. A fixed string is used to distinguish that client from others, " +"and a changeable verifier is used to indicate when the client has rebooted." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"A client uses a particular security flavor and principal when performing the " +"operations to establish a lease. If two clients happen to present the same " +"identity string, a server can use their principals to detect that they are " +"different clients, and prevent one client from interfering with the other's " +"lease." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"The Linux NFS client establishes one lease for each server. Lease " +"management operations, such as lease renewal, are not done on behalf of a " +"particular file, lock, user, or mount point, but on behalf of the whole " +"client that owns that lease. These operations must use the same security " +"flavor and principal that was used when the lease was established, even " +"across client reboots." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"When Kerberos is configured on a Linux NFS client (i.e., there is a I</etc/" +"krb5.keytab> on that client), the client attempts to use a Kerberos security " +"flavor for its lease management operations. This provides strong " +"authentication of the client to each server it contacts. By default, the " +"client uses the I<host/> or I<nfs/> service principal in its I</etc/krb5." +"keytab> for this purpose." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "BUGS" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "" +"The Linux NFS client does not yet support certain optional features of the " +"NFS version 4 protocol, such as security negotiation, server referrals, and " +"named attributes." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "RFC 1094 for the NFS version 2 specification." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +msgid "RFC 3530 for the NFS version 4 specification." +msgstr "" |