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diff --git a/templates/man8/traceroute.8.pot b/templates/man8/traceroute.8.pot new file mode 100644 index 00000000..263e7a41 --- /dev/null +++ b/templates/man8/traceroute.8.pot @@ -0,0 +1,1199 @@ +# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE +# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package. +# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR. +# +#, fuzzy +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-02-15 18:14+0100\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n" +"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n" +"Language: \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" + +#. type: TH +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "TRACEROUTE" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TH +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "11 October 2006" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TH +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Traceroute" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TH +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Traceroute For Linux" +msgstr "" + +#. .UC 6 +#. type: SH +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "NAME" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "traceroute - print the route packets trace to network host" +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "SYNOPSIS" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "B<traceroute> [B<-46dFITUnreAV>] [B<-f first_ttl>] [B<-g gate,...>]" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "[B<-i device>] [B<-m max_ttl>] [B<-p port>] [B<-s src_addr>]" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "[B<-q nqueries>] [B<-N squeries>] [B<-t tos>]" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "[B<-l flow_label>] [B<-w waittimes>] [B<-z sendwait>] [B<-UL>] [B<-D>]" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "[B<-P proto>] [B<--sport=port>] [B<-M method>] [B<-O mod_options>]" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "[B<--mtu>] [B<--back>]" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "B<host> [B<packet_len>]" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "B<traceroute6> [I<options>]" +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "DESCRIPTION" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"I<traceroute> tracks the route packets taken from an IP network on their way " +"to a given host. It utilizes the IP protocol's time to live (TTL) field and " +"attempts to elicit an ICMP TIME_EXCEEDED response from each gateway along " +"the path to the host." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "I<traceroute6> is equivalent to I<traceroute> B<-6>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The only required parameter is the name or IP address of the destination " +"B<host>\\ . The optional B<packet_len>`gth is the total size of the probing " +"packet (default 60 bytes for IPv4 and 80 for IPv6). The specified size can " +"be ignored in some situations or increased up to a minimal value." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This program attempts to trace the route an IP packet would follow to some " +"internet host by launching probe packets with a small ttl (time to live) " +"then listening for an ICMP \"time exceeded\" reply from a gateway. We start " +"our probes with a ttl of one and increase by one until we get an ICMP \"port " +"unreachable\" (or TCP reset), which means we got to the \"host\", or hit a " +"max (which defaults to 30 hops). Three probes (by default) are sent at each " +"ttl setting and a line is printed showing the ttl, address of the gateway " +"and round trip time of each probe. The address can be followed by additional " +"information when requested. If the probe answers come from different " +"gateways, the address of each responding system will be printed. If there " +"is no response within a certain timeout, an \"*\" (asterisk) is printed for " +"that probe." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"After the trip time, some additional annotation can be printed: B<!H>, B<!" +"N>, or B<!P> (host, network or protocol unreachable), B<!S> (source route " +"failed), B<!F> (fragmentation needed), B<!X> (communication administratively " +"prohibited), B<!V> (host precedence violation), B<!C> (precedence cutoff in " +"effect), or B<!E<lt>numE<gt>> (ICMP unreachable code E<lt>numE<gt>). If " +"almost all the probes result in some kind of unreachable, traceroute will " +"give up and exit." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"We don't want the destination host to process the UDP probe packets, so the " +"destination port is set to an unlikely value (you can change it with the B<-" +"p> flag). There is no such a problem for ICMP or TCP tracerouting (for TCP " +"we use half-open technique, which prevents our probes to be seen by " +"applications on the destination host)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"In the modern network environment the traditional traceroute methods can not " +"be always applicable, because of widespread use of firewalls. Such " +"firewalls filter the \"unlikely\" UDP ports, or even ICMP echoes. To solve " +"this, some additional tracerouting methods are implemented (including tcp), " +"see B<LIST OF AVAILABLE METHODS> below. Such methods try to use particular " +"protocol and source/destination port, in order to bypass firewalls (to be " +"seen by firewalls just as a start of allowed type of a network session)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "OPTIONS" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<--help>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Print help info and exit." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-4>, B<-6>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Explicitly force IPv4 or IPv6 tracerouting. By default, the program will try " +"to resolve the name given, and choose the appropriate protocol " +"automatically. If resolving a host name returns both IPv4 and IPv6 " +"addresses, I<traceroute> will use IPv4." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-I, --icmp>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Use ICMP ECHO for probes" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-T, --tcp>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Use TCP SYN for probes" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-d, --debug>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Enable socket level debugging (when the Linux kernel supports it)" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-F, --dont-fragment>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Do not fragment probe packets. (For IPv4 it also sets DF bit, which tells " +"intermediate routers not to fragment remotely as well)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Varying the size of the probing packet by the B<packet_len> command line " +"parameter, you can manually obtain information about the MTU of individual " +"network hops. The B<--mtu> option (see below) tries to do this automatically." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Note, that non-fragmented features (like B<-F> or B<--mtu>) work properly " +"since the Linux kernel 2.6.22 only. Before that version, IPv6 was always " +"fragmented, IPv4 could use the once the discovered final mtu only (from the " +"route cache), which can be less than the actual mtu of a device." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-f>I< first_ttl>B<, --first=>I<first_ttl>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Specifies with what TTL to start. Defaults to 1." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-g>I< gateway>B<, --gateway=>I<gateway>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Tells traceroute to add an IP source routing option to the outgoing packet " +"that tells the network to route the packet through the specified I<gateway> " +"(most routers have disabled source routing for security reasons). In " +"general, several I<gateway>'s is allowed (comma separated). For IPv6, the " +"form of I<num>B<,>I<addr>B<,>I<addr...> is allowed, where I<num> is a route " +"header type (default is type 2). Note the type 0 route header is now " +"deprecated (rfc5095)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-i>I< interface>B<, --interface=>I<interface>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Specifies the interface through which I<traceroute> should send packets. By " +"default, the interface is selected according to the routing table." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-m>I< max_ttl>B<, --max-hops=>I<max_ttl>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Specifies the maximum number of hops (max time-to-live value) I<traceroute> " +"will probe. The default is 30." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-N>I< squeries>B<, --sim-queries=>I<squeries>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Specifies the number of probe packets sent out simultaneously. Sending " +"several probes concurrently can speed up I<traceroute> considerably. The " +"default value is 16." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Note that some routers and hosts can use ICMP rate throttling. In such a " +"situation specifying too large number can lead to loss of some responses." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-n>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Do not try to map IP addresses to host names when displaying them." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-p>I< port>B<, --port=>I<port>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"For UDP tracing, specifies the destination port base I<traceroute> will use " +"(the destination port number will be incremented by each probe)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"For ICMP tracing, specifies the initial ICMP sequence value (incremented by " +"each probe too)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"For TCP and others specifies just the (constant) destination port to connect." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-t>I< tos>B<, --tos=>I<tos>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"For IPv4, set the Type of Service (TOS) and Precedence value. Useful values " +"are 16 (low delay) and 8 (high throughput). Note that in order to use some " +"TOS precedence values, you have to be super user." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "For IPv6, set the Traffic Control value." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-l>I< flow_label>B<, --flowlabel=>I<flow_label>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Use specified flow_label for IPv6 packets." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-w>I< max>[B<,>I<here>B<,>I<near>]B<, --wait=>I<max>[B<,>I<here>B<,>I<near>]" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Determines how long to wait for a response to a probe." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"There are three (in general) float values separated by a comma (or a " +"slash). I<Max> specifies the maximum time (in seconds, default 5.0) to " +"wait, in any case." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Traditional traceroute implementation always waited whole I<max> seconds for " +"any probe. But if we already have some replies from the B<same> hop, or even " +"from some B<next> hop, we can use the round trip time of such a reply as a " +"hint to determine the actual reasonable amount of time to wait." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The optional I<here> (default 3.0) specifies a factor to multiply the round " +"trip time of an already received response from the B<same> hop. The " +"resulting value is used as a timeout for the probe, instead of (but no more " +"than) I<max>. The optional I<near> (default 10.0) specifies a similar " +"factor for a response from some B<next> hop. (The time of the first found " +"result is used in both cases)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"First, we look for the B<same> hop (of the probe which will be printed first " +"from now). If nothing found, then look for some B<next> hop. If nothing " +"found, use I<max>. If I<here> and/or I<near> have zero values, the " +"corresponding computation is skipped." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"I<Here> and I<near> are always set to zero if only I<max> is specified (for " +"compatibility with previous versions)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-q>I< nqueries>B<, --queries=>I<nqueries>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Sets the number of probe packets per hop. The default is 3." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-r>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Bypass the normal routing tables and send directly to a host on an attached " +"network. If the host is not on a directly-attached network, an error is " +"returned. This option can be used to ping a local host through an interface " +"that has no route through it." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-s>I< source_addr>B<, --source=>I<source_addr>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Chooses an alternative source address. Note that you must select the address " +"of one of the interfaces. By default, the address of the outgoing interface " +"is used." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-z>I< sendwait>B<, --sendwait=>I<sendwait>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Minimal time interval between probes (default 0). If the value is more than " +"10, then it specifies a number in milliseconds, else it is a number of " +"seconds (float point values allowed too). Useful when some routers use rate-" +"limit for ICMP messages." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-e, --extensions>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Show ICMP extensions (rfc4884). The general form is I<CLASS>B</>I<TYPE>B<:> " +"followed by a hexadecimal dump. The MPLS (rfc4950) is shown parsed, in a " +"form: B<MPLS:L=>I<label>B<,E=>I<exp_use>B<,S=>I<stack_bottom>B<,T=>I<TTL> " +"(more objects separated by B</> ). The Interface Information (rfc5837) is " +"shown parsed as well, in a following form: {B<INC>|B<SUB>|B<OUT>|B<NXT>}B<:" +">I<index>B<,>I<IP_addr>B<,\">I<name>B<\",mtu=>I<MTU> (all four fields may be " +"missing)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-A, --as-path-lookups>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Perform AS path lookups in routing registries and print results directly " +"after the corresponding addresses." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-V, --version>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Print the version and exit." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"There are additional options intended for advanced usage (such as alternate " +"trace methods etc.):" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<--sport>=I<port>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Chooses the source port to use. Implies B<-N\\ 1>\\ -w\\ 5 . Normally " +"source ports (if applicable) are chosen by the system." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<--fwmark>=I<mark>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Set the firewall mark for outgoing packets (since the Linux kernel 2.6.25)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-M>I< method>B<, --module=>I<name>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Use specified method for traceroute operations. Default traditional udp " +"method has name I<default>, icmp (B<-I>) and tcp (B<-T>) have names " +"I<icmp> and I<tcp> respectively." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Method-specific options can be passed by B<-O\\ >. Most methods have their " +"simple shortcuts, (B<-I >meansB< -M icmp>, etc)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-O>I< option>B<, --options=>I<options>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Specifies some method-specific option. Several options are separated by " +"comma (or use several B<-O> on cmdline). Each method may have its own " +"specific options, or many not have them at all. To print information about " +"available options, use B<-O\\ help>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-U, --udp>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Use UDP to particular destination port for tracerouting (instead of " +"increasing the port per each probe). Default port is 53 (dns)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-UL>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Use UDPLITE for tracerouting (default port is 53)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-D, --dccp>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Use DCCP Requests for probes." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<-P>I< protocol>B<, --protocol=>I<protocol>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Use raw packet of specified protocol for tracerouting. Default protocol is " +"253 (rfc3692)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<--mtu>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Discover MTU along the path being traced. Implies B<-F\\ -N\\ 1>. New " +"I<mtu> is printed once in a form of B<F=>I<NUM> at the first probe of a hop " +"which requires such I<mtu> to be reached. (Actually, the correspond \"frag " +"needed\" icmp message normally is sent by the previous hop)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Note, that some routers might cache once the seen information on a " +"fragmentation. Thus you can receive the final mtu from a closer hop. Try to " +"specify an unusual I<tos> by B<-t> , this can help for one attempt (then it " +"can be cached there as well)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "See B<-F> option for more info." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<--back>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Print the number of backward hops when it seems different with the forward " +"direction. This number is guessed in assumption that remote hops send reply " +"packets with initial ttl set to either 64, or 128 or 255 (which seems a " +"common practice). It is printed as a negate value in a form of '-NUM' ." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "LIST OF AVAILABLE METHODS" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"In general, a particular traceroute method may have to be chosen by B<-M\\ " +"name>, but most of the methods have their simple cmdline switches (you can " +"see them after the method name, if present)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "default" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "The traditional, ancient method of tracerouting. Used by default." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Probe packets are udp datagrams with so-called \"unlikely\" destination " +"ports. The \"unlikely\" port of the first probe is 33434, then for each " +"next probe it is incremented by one. Since the ports are expected to be " +"unused, the destination host normally returns \"icmp unreach port\" as a " +"final response. (Nobody knows what happens when some application listens " +"for such ports, though)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "This method is allowed for unprivileged users." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "icmp \\ \\ \\ -I" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Most usual method for now, which uses icmp echo packets for probes." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If you can ping(8) the destination host, icmp tracerouting is applicable as " +"well." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This method may be allowed for unprivileged users since the kernel 3.0 " +"(IPv4, for IPv6 since 3.11), which supports new I<dgram icmp> (or " +"\"I<ping>\") sockets. To allow such sockets, sysadmin should provide I<net/" +"ipv4/ping_group_range> sysctl range to match any group of the user." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Options:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<raw>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Use only raw sockets (the traditional way)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This way is tried first by default (for compatibility reasons), then new " +"dgram icmp sockets as fallback." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<dgram>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Use only dgram icmp sockets." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "tcp \\ \\ \\ \\ -T" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Well-known modern method, intended to bypass firewalls." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Uses the constant destination port (default is 80, http)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If some filters are present in the network path, then most probably any " +"\"unlikely\" udp ports (as for I<default> method) or even icmp echoes (as " +"for I<icmp>) are filtered, and whole tracerouting will just stop at such a " +"firewall. To bypass a network filter, we have to use only allowed protocol/" +"port combinations. If we trace for some, say, mailserver, then more likely " +"B<-T -p 25> can reach it, even when B<-I> can not." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This method uses well-known \"half-open technique\", which prevents " +"applications on the destination host from seeing our probes at all. " +"Normally, a tcp syn is sent. For non-listened ports we receive tcp reset, " +"and all is done. For active listening ports we receive tcp syn+ack, but " +"answer by tcp reset (instead of expected tcp ack), this way the remote tcp " +"session is dropped even without the application ever taking notice." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "There is a couple of options for I<tcp> method:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<syn,ack,fin,rst,psh,urg,ece,cwr>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Sets specified tcp flags for probe packet, in any combination." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<flags>=I<num>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Sets the flags field in the tcp header exactly to I<num>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<ecn>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Send syn packet with tcp flags ECE and CWR (for Explicit Congestion " +"Notification, rfc3168)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<sack,timestamps,window_scaling>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Use the corresponding tcp header option in the outgoing probe packet." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<sysctl>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Use current sysctl (I</proc/sys/net/*>) setting for the tcp header options " +"above and B<ecn>. Always set by default, if nothing else specified." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<fastopen>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Use fastopen tcp option (when B<syn>), for initial cookie negotiation only." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<mss>=[I<num>]" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Use value of I<num> (or unchanged) for maxseg tcp header option (when " +"B<syn>), and discover its clamping along the path being traced. New changed " +"I<mss> is printed once in a form of B<M=>I<NUM> at the first probe on which " +"it was detected. Note, some routers may return too short original fragment " +"in the time exceeded message, making the check impossible. Besides that the " +"responses may come in a different order. All this can lead to a later place " +"of the report (using B<-N\\ 1> can help for the order)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<info>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Print tcp flags and supported options of final tcp replies when the target " +"host is reached. Allows to determine whether an application listens the " +"port and other useful things. Supported tcp options are all that can be set " +"by B<-T\\ -O>, ie. I<mss>, I<sack>, I<timestamps>, I<window_scaling> and " +"I<fastopen>, with the similar output format (a value for I<mss> and just " +"presence for others)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Default options is B<syn,sysctl>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "tcpconn" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"An initial implementation of tcp method, simple using connect(2) call, which " +"does full tcp session opening. Not recommended for normal use, because a " +"destination application is always affected (and can be confused)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "udp \\ \\ \\ \\ -U" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Use udp datagram with constant destination port (default 53, dns)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Intended to bypass firewall as well." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Note, that unlike in I<tcp> method, the correspond application on the " +"destination host B<always> receive our probes (with random data), and most " +"can easily be confused by them. Most cases it will not respond to our " +"packets though, so we will never see the final hop in the trace. " +"(Fortunately, it seems that at least dns servers replies with something " +"angry)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "udplite \\ \\ -UL" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Use udplite datagram for probes (with constant destination port, default 53)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<coverage>=I<num>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Set udplite send coverage to I<num>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "dccp \\ \\ -D" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Use DCCP Request packets for probes (rfc4340)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This method uses the same \"half-open technique\" as used for TCP. The " +"default destination port is 33434." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<service>=I<num>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Set DCCP service code to I<num> (default is 1885957735)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "raw \\ \\ \\ \\ -P proto" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Send raw packet of protocol I<proto>." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "No protocol-specific headers are used, just IP header only." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Implies B<-N\\ 1>\\ -w\\ 5 ." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<protocol>=I<proto>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Use IP protocol I<proto> (default 253)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "NOTES" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"To speed up work, normally several probes are sent simultaneously. On the " +"other hand, it creates a \"storm of packages\", especially in the reply " +"direction. Routers can throttle the rate of icmp responses, and some of " +"replies can be lost. To avoid this, decrease the number of simultaneous " +"probes, or even set it to 1 (like in initial traceroute implementation), i." +"e. B<-N 1>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The final (target) host can drop some of the simultaneous probes, and might " +"even answer only the latest ones. It can lead to extra \"looks like " +"expired\" hops near the final hop. We use a smart algorithm to auto-detect " +"such a situation, but if it cannot help in your case, just use B<-N 1> too." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"For even greater stability you can slow down the program's work by B<-z> " +"option, for example use B<-z 0.5> for half-second pause between probes." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"To avoid an extra waiting, we use adaptive algorithm for timeouts (see B<-w> " +"option for more info). It can lead to premature expiry (especially when " +"response times differ at times) and printing \"*\" instead of a time. In " +"such a case, switch this algorithm off, by specifying B<-w> with the desired " +"timeout only (for example, B<-w 5>)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If some hops report nothing for every method, the last chance to obtain " +"something is to use B<ping -R> command (IPv4, and for nearest 8 hops only)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "SEE ALSO" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "B<ping>(8), B<ping6>(8), B<tcpdump>(8), B<netstat>(8)" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: mageia-cauldron +msgid "" +"Show ICMP extensions (rfc4884). The general form is I<CLASS>B</>I<TYPE>B<:> " +"followed by a hexadecimal dump. The MPLS (rfc4950) is shown parsed, in a " +"form: B<MPLS:L=>I<label>B<,E=>I<exp_use>B<,S=>I<stack_bottom>B<,T=>I<TTL> " +"(more objects separated by B</> )." +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: mageia-cauldron +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<mss>=I<num>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: mageia-cauldron +msgid "Use value of I<num> for maxseg tcp header option (when B<syn>)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: mageia-cauldron +msgid "" +"Print tcp flags of final tcp replies when the target host is reached. " +"Allows to determine whether an application listens the port and other useful " +"things." +msgstr "" |