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-'\" t
-.TH "SD\-ID128" "3" "" "systemd 254" "sd-id128"
-.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
-.\" * Define some portability stuff
-.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
-.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
-.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
-.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
-.el .ds Aq '
-.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
-.\" * set default formatting
-.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
-.\" disable hyphenation
-.nh
-.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
-.ad l
-.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
-.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
-.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
-.SH "NAME"
-sd-id128, SD_ID128_ALLF, SD_ID128_CONST_STR, SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR, SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL, SD_ID128_MAKE, SD_ID128_MAKE_STR, SD_ID128_MAKE_UUID_STR, SD_ID128_NULL, SD_ID128_UUID_FORMAT_STR, sd_id128_equal, sd_id128_string_equal, sd_id128_in_set, sd_id128_in_set_sentinel, sd_id128_in_setv, sd_id128_is_allf, sd_id128_is_null, sd_id128_t \- APIs for processing 128\-bit IDs
-.SH "SYNOPSIS"
-.sp
-.ft B
-.nf
-#include <systemd/sd\-id128\&.h>
-.fi
-.ft
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_ALLF\fR
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_NULL\fR
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_CONST_STR(\fR\fB\fIid\fR\fR\fB)\fR
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_FORMAT_STR\fR
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(\fR\fB\fIid\fR\fR\fB)\fR
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_MAKE(\fR\fB\fIv0\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv1\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv2\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv3\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv4\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv5\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv6\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv7\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv8\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv9\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvA\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvB\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvC\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvD\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvE\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvF\fR\fR\fB)\fR
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_MAKE_STR(\fR\fB\fIv0\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv1\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv2\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv3\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv4\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv5\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv6\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv7\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv8\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv9\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvA\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvB\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvC\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvD\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvE\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvF\fR\fR\fB)\fR
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_MAKE_UUID_STR(\fR\fB\fIv0\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv1\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv2\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv3\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv4\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv5\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv6\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv7\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv8\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIv9\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvA\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvB\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvC\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvD\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvE\fR\fR\fB, \fR\fB\fIvF\fR\fR\fB)\fR
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_UUID_FORMAT_STR\fR
-.HP \w'int\ sd_id128_equal('u
-.BI "int sd_id128_equal(sd_id128_t\ " "a" ", sd_id128_t\ " "b" ");"
-.HP \w'int\ sd_id128_string_equal('u
-.BI "int sd_id128_string_equal(const\ char\ *" "a" ", sd_id128_t\ " "b" ");"
-.HP \w'int\ sd_id128_is_null('u
-.BI "int sd_id128_is_null(sd_id128_t\ " "id" ");"
-.HP \w'int\ sd_id128_is_allf('u
-.BI "int sd_id128_is_allf(sd_id128_t\ " "id" ");"
-.HP \w'int\ sd_id128_in_setv('u
-.BI "int sd_id128_in_setv(sd_id128_t\ " "id" ", va_list\ " "ap" ");"
-.HP \w'int\ sd_id128_in_set_sentinel('u
-.BI "int sd_id128_in_set_sentinel(sd_id128_t\ " "id" ", \&..., \fBSD_ID128_NULL\fR);"
-.HP \w'int\ sd_id128_in_set('u
-.BI "int sd_id128_in_set(sd_id128_t\ " "id" ", \&...);"
-.HP \w'\fBpkg\-config\ \-\-cflags\ \-\-libs\ libsystemd\fR\ 'u
-\fBpkg\-config \-\-cflags \-\-libs libsystemd\fR
-.SH "DESCRIPTION"
-.PP
-sd\-id128\&.h
-is part of
-\fBlibsystemd\fR(3)
-and provides APIs to generate, convert, and compare 128\-bit ID values\&. The 128\-bit ID values processed and generated by these APIs are a generalization of OSF UUIDs as defined by
-\m[blue]\fBRFC 4122\fR\m[]\&\s-2\u[1]\d\s+2
-but use a simpler string format\&. These functions impose no structure on the used IDs, much unlike OSF UUIDs or Microsoft GUIDs, but are mostly compatible with those types of IDs\&.
-.PP
-A 128\-bit ID is implemented as the following union type:
-.sp
-.if n \{\
-.RS 4
-.\}
-.nf
-typedef union sd_id128 {
- uint8_t bytes[16];
- uint64_t qwords[2];
-} sd_id128_t;
-.fi
-.if n \{\
-.RE
-.\}
-.PP
-This union type allows accessing the 128\-bit ID as 16 separate bytes or two 64\-bit words\&. It is generally safer to access the ID components by their 8\-bit array to avoid endianness issues\&. This union is intended to be passed by value (as opposed to pass\-by\-reference) and may be directly manipulated by clients\&.
-.PP
-A couple of macros are defined to denote and decode 128\-bit IDs:
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_MAKE()\fR
-is used to write a constant ID in source code\&. A commonly used idiom is to assign a name to an ID using this macro:
-.sp
-.if n \{\
-.RS 4
-.\}
-.nf
-#define SD_MESSAGE_COREDUMP SD_ID128_MAKE(fc,2e,22,bc,6e,e6,47,b6,b9,07,29,ab,34,a2,50,b1)
-.fi
-.if n \{\
-.RE
-.\}
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_NULL\fR
-defines an ID consisting of only
-\fBNUL\fR
-bytes (i\&.e\&. all bits off)\&.
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_ALLF\fR
-defines an ID consisting of only
-\fB0xFF\fR
-bytes (i\&.e\&. all bits on)\&.
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_MAKE_STR()\fR
-is similar to
-\fBSD_ID128_MAKE()\fR, but creates a
-\fBconst char*\fR
-expression that can be conveniently used in message formats and such:
-.sp
-.if n \{\
-.RS 4
-.\}
-.nf
-#include <stdio\&.h>
-#define SD_MESSAGE_COREDUMP_STR SD_ID128_MAKE_STR(fc,2e,22,bc,6e,e6,47,b6,b9,07,29,ab,34,a2,50,b1)
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv) {
- puts("Match for coredumps: MESSAGE_ID=" SD_MESSAGE_COREDUMP_STR);
-}
-.fi
-.if n \{\
-.RE
-.\}
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_CONST_STR()\fR
-converts constant IDs into constant strings for output\&. The following example code will output the string "fc2e22bc6ee647b6b90729ab34a250b1":
-.sp
-.if n \{\
-.RS 4
-.\}
-.nf
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
- puts("Match for coredumps: %s", SD_ID128_CONST_STR(SD_MESSAGE_COREDUMP));
-}
-.fi
-.if n \{\
-.RE
-.\}
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_FORMAT_STR\fR
-and
-\fBSD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL()\fR
-is used to format an ID in a
-\fBprintf\fR(3)
-format string, as shown in the following example:
-.sp
-.if n \{\
-.RS 4
-.\}
-.nf
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
- sd_id128_t id;
- id = SD_ID128_MAKE(ee,89,be,71,bd,6e,43,d6,91,e6,c5,5d,eb,03,02,07);
- printf("The ID encoded in this C file is " SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR "\&.\en", SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(id));
- return 0;
-}
-.fi
-.if n \{\
-.RE
-.\}
-.PP
-\fBSD_ID128_UUID_FORMAT_STR\fR
-and
-\fBSD_ID128_MAKE_UUID_STR()\fR
-are similar to
-\fBSD_ID128_FORMAT_STR\fR
-and
-\fBSD_ID128_MAKE_STR()\fR, but include separating hyphens to conform to the "\m[blue]\fBcanonical representation\fR\m[]\&\s-2\u[2]\d\s+2"\&. They format the string based on
-\m[blue]\fBRFC4122\fR\m[]\&\s-2\u[1]\d\s+2
-Variant 1 rules, i\&.e\&. converting from Big Endian byte order\&. This matches behaviour of most other Linux userspace infrastructure\&. It\*(Aqs probably best to avoid UUIDs of other variants, in order to avoid unnecessary ambiguities\&. All 128\-bit IDs generated by the sd\-id128 APIs strictly conform to Variant 1 Version 4 UUIDs, as per RFC 4122\&.
-.PP
-\fBsd_id128_equal()\fR
-compares two 128\-bit IDs:
-.sp
-.if n \{\
-.RS 4
-.\}
-.nf
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
- sd_id128_t a, b, c;
- a = SD_ID128_MAKE(ee,89,be,71,bd,6e,43,d6,91,e6,c5,5d,eb,03,02,07);
- b = SD_ID128_MAKE(f2,28,88,9c,5f,09,44,15,9d,d7,04,77,58,cb,e7,3e);
- c = a;
- assert(sd_id128_equal(a, c));
- assert(!sd_id128_equal(a, b));
- return 0;
-}
-.fi
-.if n \{\
-.RE
-.\}
-.PP
-\fBsd_id128_string_equal()\fR
-is similar to
-\fBsd_id128_equal()\fR, but the first ID is formatted as
-\fBconst char*\fR\&. The same restrictions apply as to the first argument of
-\fBsd_id128_from_string()\fR\&.
-.PP
-\fBsd_id128_is_null()\fR
-checks if an ID consists of only
-\fBNUL\fR
-bytes:
-.sp
-.if n \{\
-.RS 4
-.\}
-.nf
-assert(sd_id128_is_null(SD_ID128_NULL));
-.fi
-.if n \{\
-.RE
-.\}
-.PP
-Similarly,
-\fBsd_id128_is_allf()\fR
-checks if an ID consists of only
-\fB0xFF\fR
-bytes (all bits on):
-.sp
-.if n \{\
-.RS 4
-.\}
-.nf
-assert(sd_id128_is_allf(SD_ID128_ALLF));
-.fi
-.if n \{\
-.RE
-.\}
-.PP
-\fBsd_id128_in_set_sentinel()\fR
-takes a list of IDs and returns true if the first argument is equal to any of the subsequent arguments\&. The argument list is terminated by an
-\fBSD_ID128_NULL\fR
-sentinel, which must be present\&.
-.PP
-\fBsd_id128_in_set()\fR
-is a convenience function that takes a list of IDs and returns true if the first argument is equal to any of the subsequent arguments:
-.sp
-.if n \{\
-.RS 4
-.\}
-.nf
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
- sd_id12_t a = SD_ID128_MAKE(ee,89,be,71,bd,6e,43,d6,91,e6,c5,5d,eb,03,02,07);
- assert(sd_id128_in_set(a, a));
- assert(sd_id128_in_set(a, a, a));
- assert(!sd_id128_in_set(a));
- assert(!sd_id128_in_set(a,
- SD_ID128_MAKE(f2,28,88,9c,5f,09,44,15,9d,d7,04,77,58,cb,e7,3e)
- SD_ID128_MAKE(2f,88,28,5f,9c,44,09,9d,d7,15,77,04,bc,85,7e,e3)
- SD_ID128_ALLF));
- return 0;
-}
-.fi
-.if n \{\
-.RE
-.\}
-.PP
-\fBsd_id128_in_set()\fR
-is defined as a macro over
-\fBsd_id128_in_set_sentinel()\fR, adding the
-\fBSD_ID128_NULL\fR
-sentinel automatically\&. Since
-\fBsd_id128_in_set_sentinel()\fR
-uses
-\fBSD_ID128_NULL\fR
-as the sentinel,
-\fBSD_ID128_NULL\fR
-cannot be otherwise placed in the argument list\&.
-.PP
-\fBsd_id128_in_setv()\fR
-is similar to
-\fBsd_id128_in_set_sentinel()\fR, but takes a
-struct varargs
-argument\&.
-.PP
-New randomized IDs may be generated with
-\fBsystemd-id128\fR(1)\*(Aqs
-\fBnew\fR
-command\&.
-.PP
-See
-\fBsd_id128_to_string\fR(3),
-\fBsd_id128_randomize\fR(3)
-and
-\fBsd_id128_get_machine\fR(3)
-for information about other implemented functions\&.
-.SH "NOTES"
-.PP
-Functions described here are available as a shared library, which can be compiled against and linked to with the
-\fBlibsystemd\fR\ \&\fBpkg-config\fR(1)
-file\&.
-.PP
-The code described here uses
-\fBgetenv\fR(3), which is declared to be not multi\-thread\-safe\&. This means that the code calling the functions described here must not call
-\fBsetenv\fR(3)
-from a parallel thread\&. It is recommended to only do calls to
-\fBsetenv()\fR
-from an early phase of the program when no other threads have been started\&.
-.SH "SEE ALSO"
-.PP
-\fBsystemd\fR(1),
-\fBsd_id128_to_string\fR(3),
-\fBsd_id128_randomize\fR(3),
-\fBsd_id128_get_machine\fR(3),
-\fBprintf\fR(3),
-\fBjournalctl\fR(1),
-\fBsd-journal\fR(7),
-\fBpkg-config\fR(1),
-\fBmachine-id\fR(5)
-.SH "NOTES"
-.IP " 1." 4
-RFC 4122
-.RS 4
-\%https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122
-.RE
-.IP " 2." 4
-canonical representation
-.RS 4
-\%https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universally_unique_identifier#Format
-.RE