path: root/po/fr/man2/close.2.po

# French translation of manpages
# This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package.
# Copyright © of this file:
# Christophe Blaess <https://www.blaess.fr/christophe/>, 1996-2003.
# Stéphan Rafin <stephan.rafin@laposte.net>, 2002.
# Thierry Vignaud <tvignaud@mandriva.com>, 1999, 2002.
# François Micaux, 2002.
# Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>, 2003-2008.
# Jean-Philippe Guérard <fevrier@tigreraye.org>, 2005-2006.
# Jean-Luc Coulon (f5ibh) <jean-luc.coulon@wanadoo.fr>, 2006-2007.
# Julien Cristau <jcristau@debian.org>, 2006-2007.
# Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>, 2006-2008.
# Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>, 2006-2008.
# Florentin Duneau <fduneau@gmail.com>, 2006-2010.
# Simon Paillard <simon.paillard@resel.enst-bretagne.fr>, 2006, 2013, 2014.
# Denis Barbier <barbier@debian.org>, 2006, 2010, 2011.
# David Prévot <david@tilapin.org>, 2010, 2012-2014.
# Jean-Philippe MENGUAL <jpmengual@debian.org>, 2020-2024.
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manpages-l10n 4.21.0\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-03-01 16:54+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2024-03-02 17:42+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Jean-Philippe MENGUAL <jpmengual@debian.org>\n"
"Language-Team: French <debian-l10n-french@lists.debian.org>\n"
"Language: fr\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n > 1;\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 22.12.3\n"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "close"
msgstr "close"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-10-31"
msgstr "31 octobre 2023"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06"
msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.06"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NAME"
msgstr "NOM"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "close - close a file descriptor"
msgstr "close - Fermer un descripteur de fichier"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "LIBRARY"
msgstr "BIBLIOTHÈQUE"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Standard C library (I<libc>, I<-lc>)"
msgstr "Bibliothèque C standard (I<libc>, I<-lc>)"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SYNOPSIS"
msgstr "SYNOPSIS"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>>\n"
msgstr "B<#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>>\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<int close(int >I<fd>B<);>\n"
msgstr "B<int close(int >I<fd>B<);>\n"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "DESCRIPTION"
msgstr "DESCRIPTION"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
msgid ""
"B<close>()  closes a file descriptor, so that it no longer refers to any "
"file and may be reused.  Any record locks (see B<fcntl>(2))  held on the "
"file it was associated with, and owned by the process, are removed "
"regardless of the file descriptor that was used to obtain the lock.  This "
"has some unfortunate consequences and one should be extra careful when using "
"advisory record locking.  See B<fcntl>(2)  for discussion of the risks and "
"consequences as well as for the (probably preferred) open file description "
"locks."
msgstr ""
"B<close>() ferme le descripteur de fichier I<fd>, de manière à ce qu'il ne "
"référence plus aucun fichier, et puisse être réutilisé. Tous les "
"verrouillages (consultez B<fcntl>(2)) sur le fichier qui lui était associé, "
"appartenant au processus, sont supprimés quel que soit le descripteur de "
"fichier qui fut utilisé pour obtenir le verrouillage. Cela a quelques "
"conséquences malheureuses il convient d'être extrêmement prudent lors de "
"l'utilisation de verrouillages d’enregistrements coopératifs. Voir "
"B<fcntl>(2) pour une discussion sur les risques et conséquences et sur "
"l'utilisation (probablement préférable) des verrouillages de description de "
"fichier ouvert."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If I<fd> is the last file descriptor referring to the underlying open file "
"description (see B<open>(2)), the resources associated with the open file "
"description are freed; if the file descriptor was the last reference to a "
"file which has been removed using B<unlink>(2), the file is deleted."
msgstr ""
"Si I<fd> est le dernier descripteur de fichier qui se réfère à une "
"description de fichier ouvert sous-jacente (consultez B<open>(2)), les "
"ressources associées à la description de fichier ouvert sont libérées. Si le "
"descripteur était la dernière référence sur un fichier supprimé avec "
"B<unlink>(2), le fichier est effectivement effacé."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "RETURN VALUE"
msgstr "VALEUR RENVOYÉE"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<close>()  returns zero on success.  On error, -1 is returned, and I<errno> "
"is set to indicate the error."
msgstr ""
"Si elle réussit, la fonction B<close>() renvoie zéro. En cas d'erreur, elle "
"renvoie B<-1> et elle remplit I<errno> pour indiquer l'erreur."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "ERRORS"
msgstr "ERREURS"

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<EBADF>"
msgstr "B<EBADF>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "I<fd> isn't a valid open file descriptor."
msgstr "Le descripteur de fichier I<fd> est invalide."

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<EINTR>"
msgstr "B<EINTR>"

#.  Though, it's in doubt whether this error can ever occur; see
#.  https://lwn.net/Articles/576478/ "Returning EINTR from close()"
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "The B<close>()  call was interrupted by a signal; see B<signal>(7)."
msgstr ""
"L'appel système B<close>() a été interrompu par un signal ; consultez "
"B<signal>(7)."

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<EIO>"
msgstr "B<EIO>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "An I/O error occurred."
msgstr "Une erreur d'entrée-sortie s'est produite."

#. type: TP
#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<ENOSPC>"
msgstr "B<ENOSPC>"

#. type: TQ
#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<EDQUOT>"
msgstr "B<EDQUOT>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"On NFS, these errors are not normally reported against the first write which "
"exceeds the available storage space, but instead against a subsequent "
"B<write>(2), B<fsync>(2), or B<close>()."
msgstr ""
"Sur NFS, ces erreurs ne sont en principe pas signalées lors de la première "
"écriture qui dépasse l'espace de stockage disponible, mais lors d'un "
"B<write>(2), B<fsync>(2) ou B<close>() consécutif."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"See NOTES for a discussion of why B<close>()  should not be retried after an "
"error."
msgstr ""
"Voir les NOTES pour un point sur la raison pour laquelle B<close>() ne "
"devrait pas réessayer après une erreur."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "STANDARDS"
msgstr "STANDARDS"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "POSIX.1-2008."
msgstr "POSIX.1-2008."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "HISTORY"
msgstr "HISTORIQUE"

#.  SVr4 documents an additional ENOLINK error condition.
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "POSIX.1-2001, SVr4, 4.3BSD."
msgstr "POSIX.1-2001, SVr4, 4.3BSD."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NOTES"
msgstr "NOTES"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A successful close does not guarantee that the data has been successfully "
"saved to disk, as the kernel uses the buffer cache to defer writes.  "
"Typically, filesystems do not flush buffers when a file is closed.  If you "
"need to be sure that the data is physically stored on the underlying disk, "
"use B<fsync>(2).  (It will depend on the disk hardware at this point.)"
msgstr ""
"Une fermeture sans erreur ne garantit pas que les données ont été vraiment "
"écrites sur le disque, car le noyau repousse les écritures le plus tard "
"possible. Il n'est pas fréquent qu'un système de fichiers vide les tampons "
"dès la fermeture d'un flux. Si vous désirez vous assurer que les "
"informations sont en sûreté sur le disque, utilisez B<fsync>(2) (mais des "
"considérations matérielles entrent en jeu à ce moment)."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The close-on-exec file descriptor flag can be used to ensure that a file "
"descriptor is automatically closed upon a successful B<execve>(2); see "
"B<fcntl>(2)  for details."
msgstr ""
"L'attribut de descripteur de fichier close-on-exec peut être utilisé pour "
"s'assurer qu'un descripteur de fichier est fermé automatiquement en cas de "
"succès de B<execve>(2) ; voir B<fcntl>(2) pour des détails."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Multithreaded processes and close()"
msgstr "Processus multithreadés et close()"

#. #-#-#-#-#  archlinux: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 13:57:35 +0200
#.  From: Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org>
#.  One such race involves signals and ERESTARTSYS. If a file descriptor
#.  in use by a system call is closed and then reused by e.g. an
#.  independent open() in some unrelated thread, before the original system
#.  call has restarted after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will
#.  later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a
#.  serious programming error.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  debian-bookworm: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 13:57:35 +0200
#.  From: Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org>
#.  One such race involves signals and ERESTARTSYS. If a file descriptor
#.  in use by a system call is closed and then reused by e.g. an
#.  independent open() in some unrelated thread, before the original system
#.  call has restarted after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will
#.  later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a
#.  serious programming error.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  debian-unstable: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 13:57:35 +0200
#.  From: Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org>
#.  One such race involves signals and ERESTARTSYS. If a file descriptor
#.  in use by a system call is closed and then reused by e.g. an
#.  independent open() in some unrelated thread, before the original system
#.  call has restarted after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will
#.  later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a
#.  serious programming error.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  fedora-40: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  fedora-rawhide: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  mageia-cauldron: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 13:57:35 +0200
#.  From: Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org>
#.  One such race involves signals and ERESTARTSYS. If a file descriptor
#.  in use by a system call is closed and then reused by e.g. an
#.  independent open() in some unrelated thread, before the original system
#.  call has restarted after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will
#.  later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a
#.  serious programming error.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  opensuse-leap-15-6: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 13:57:35 +0200
#.  From: Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org>
#.  One such race involves signals and ERESTARTSYS. If a file descriptor
#.  in use by a system call is closed and then reused by e.g. an
#.  independent open() in some unrelated thread, before the original system
#.  call has restarted after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will
#.  later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a
#.  serious programming error.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  opensuse-tumbleweed: close.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 13:57:35 +0200
#.  From: Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org>
#.  One such race involves signals and ERESTARTSYS. If a file descriptor
#.  in use by a system call is closed and then reused by e.g. an
#.  independent open() in some unrelated thread, before the original system
#.  call has restarted after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will
#.  later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a
#.  serious programming error.
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"It is probably unwise to close file descriptors while they may be in use by "
"system calls in other threads in the same process.  Since a file descriptor "
"may be reused, there are some obscure race conditions that may cause "
"unintended side effects."
msgstr ""
"Il est probablement imprudent de fermer des descripteurs de fichier alors "
"qu'ils peuvent peut-être être utilisés par des appels système dans d'autres "
"threads du même processus. Puisqu'un descripteur de fichier peut être "
"réutilisé, il y a des conditions de concurrence obscures qui peuvent "
"provoquer des effets de bord non désirés."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Furthermore, consider the following scenario where two threads are "
"performing operations on the same file descriptor:"
msgstr ""
"Par ailleurs, imaginez un scénario où deux threads effectuent plusieurs "
"opérations sur le même descripteur de fichier :"

#. type: IP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "(1)"
msgstr "(1)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"One thread is blocked in an I/O system call on the file descriptor.  For "
"example, it is trying to B<write>(2)  to a pipe that is already full, or "
"trying to B<read>(2)  from a stream socket which currently has no available "
"data."
msgstr ""
"Un thread est bloqué dans un appel système E/S sur le descripteur de "
"fichier. Par exemple, il essaie de B<write>(2) dans un tube déjà plein ou de "
"B<read>(2) depuis le socket d'un flux qui n'a pas de données disponibles "
"actuellement."

#. type: IP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "(2)"
msgstr "(2)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Another thread closes the file descriptor."
msgstr "Un autre thread ferme le descripteur de fichier."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The behavior in this situation varies across systems.  On some systems, when "
"the file descriptor is closed, the blocking system call returns immediately "
"with an error."
msgstr ""
"Dans cette situation, le comportement varie selon les systèmes. Sur "
"certains, quand le descripteur de fichier est fermé, l'appel système qui "
"bloque renvoie immédiatement une erreur."

#.  'struct file' in kernel-speak
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"On Linux (and possibly some other systems), the behavior is different: the "
"blocking I/O system call holds a reference to the underlying open file "
"description, and this reference keeps the description open until the I/O "
"system call completes.  (See B<open>(2)  for a discussion of open file "
"descriptions.)  Thus, the blocking system call in the first thread may "
"successfully complete after the B<close>()  in the second thread."
msgstr ""
"Sur Linux (et probablement d'autres systèmes), le comportement est "
"différent : l'appel système E/S bloquant conserve une référence à la "
"description du fichier ouvert sous-jacent et celle-ci garde la description "
"ouverte jusqu'à ce que l'appel système E/S se termine (voir B<open>(2) pour "
"un point sur les descriptions de fichiers ouverts). Ainsi, l'appel système "
"bloquant du premier thread peut se terminer avec succès après le B<close>() "
"du deuxième thread."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Dealing with error returns from close()"
msgstr "Gérer les erreurs renvoyées par close()"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A careful programmer will check the return value of B<close>(), since it is "
"quite possible that errors on a previous B<write>(2)  operation are reported "
"only on the final B<close>()  that releases the open file description.  "
"Failing to check the return value when closing a file may lead to I<silent> "
"loss of data.  This can especially be observed with NFS and with disk quota."
msgstr ""
"Un programmeur prudent vérifiera le code de retour de B<close>(), car il est "
"possible qu'une erreur correspondant à un appel B<write>(2) antérieur ne "
"soit rapportée que lors du B<close>() final. Ne pas vérifier le code de "
"retour lorsqu’un fichier est fermé peut conduire à une perte B<silencieuse> "
"de données. Cela est principalement vrai dans le cas de systèmes de fichiers "
"NFS, ou avec l'utilisation des quotas de disques."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Note, however, that a failure return should be used only for diagnostic "
"purposes (i.e., a warning to the application that there may still be I/O "
"pending or there may have been failed I/O)  or remedial purposes (e.g., "
"writing the file once more or creating a backup)."
msgstr ""
"Remarquez cependant que la valeur de retour ne devrait être utilisée que "
"pour les diagnostics (à savoir pour prévenir une application qu'il peut "
"rester des E/S en attente ou échouées) ou de correction (comme pour écrire "
"un fichier une ou plusieurs fois ou pour créer une sauvegarde)."

#
#.  The file descriptor is released early in close();
#.  close() ==> __close_fd():
#. 			__put_unused_fd() ==> __clear_open_fd()
#. 			return filp_close(file, files);
#.  The errors are returned by filp_close() after the FD has been
#.  cleared for re-use.
#.  filp_close()
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Retrying the B<close>()  after a failure return is the wrong thing to do, "
"since this may cause a reused file descriptor from another thread to be "
"closed.  This can occur because the Linux kernel I<always> releases the file "
"descriptor early in the close operation, freeing it for reuse; the steps "
"that may return an error, such as flushing data to the filesystem or device, "
"occur only later in the close operation."
msgstr ""
"Réessayer B<close>() après un renvoi d'échec n'est pas la bonne manière de "
"faire, car il peut en résulter que le descripteur d'un fichier qui serait "
"réutilisé à partir d'un autre thread se ferme. Cela est possible car le "
"noyau Linux abandonne I<toujours> tôt le descripteur de fichier lors d'une "
"opération de fermeture, ce qui le libère pour être réutilisé ; les étapes de "
"renvoi d'erreur telles que l'effacement des données sur le système de "
"fichiers ou le périphérique arrivent plus tard dans l'opération de fermeture."

#.  FreeBSD documents this explicitly. From the look of the source code
#.  SVR4, ancient SunOS, later Solaris, and AIX all do this.
#.  Issue 8
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Many other implementations similarly always close the file descriptor "
"(except in the case of B<EBADF>, meaning that the file descriptor was "
"invalid)  even if they subsequently report an error on return from "
"B<close>().  POSIX.1 is currently silent on this point, but there are plans "
"to mandate this behavior in the next major release of the standard."
msgstr ""
"De même, beaucoup d'autres implémentations ferment toujours le descripteur "
"de fichier (sauf en cas de B<EBADF>, qui signifie que le descripteur de "
"fichier n'était pas valable), même si elles signalent ensuite une erreur "
"renvoyée par B<close>(). POSIX.1 ne dit rien aujourd'hui sur ce point mais "
"ce comportement sera rendu obligatoire dans la prochaine version majeure du "
"standard."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A careful programmer who wants to know about I/O errors may precede "
"B<close>()  with a call to B<fsync>(2)."
msgstr ""
"Un programmeur prudent qui veut savoir les erreurs E/S doit faire précéder "
"B<close>() d'un appel B<fsync>(2)."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The B<EINTR> error is a somewhat special case.  Regarding the B<EINTR> "
"error, POSIX.1-2008 says:"
msgstr ""
"L'erreur B<EINTR> est un cas un peu particulier. Concernant l'erreur "
"B<EINTR>, POSIX.1-2008 dit :"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If B<close>()  is interrupted by a signal that is to be caught, it shall "
"return -1 with I<errno> set to B<EINTR> and the state of I<fildes> is "
"unspecified."
msgstr ""
"Si B<close>() est interrompu par un signal qui doit être récupéré, il "
"renverra B<-1> et positionnera I<errno> sur B<EINTR> et l'état de I<fildes> "
"ne sera pas spécifié."

#
#.  FIXME . for later review when Issue 8 is one day released...
#.  POSIX proposes further changes for EINTR
#.  http://austingroupbugs.net/tag_view_page.php?tag_id=8
#.  http://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=529
#.  FIXME .
#.  Review the following glibc bug later
#.  https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=14627
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"This permits the behavior that occurs on Linux and many other "
"implementations, where, as with other errors that may be reported by "
"B<close>(), the file descriptor is guaranteed to be closed.  However, it "
"also permits another possibility: that the implementation returns an "
"B<EINTR> error and keeps the file descriptor open.  (According to its "
"documentation, HP-UX's B<close>()  does this.)  The caller must then once "
"more use B<close>()  to close the file descriptor, to avoid file descriptor "
"leaks.  This divergence in implementation behaviors provides a difficult "
"hurdle for portable applications, since on many implementations, B<close>()  "
"must not be called again after an B<EINTR> error, and on at least one, "
"B<close>()  must be called again.  There are plans to address this conundrum "
"for the next major release of the POSIX.1 standard."
msgstr ""
"Cela autorise un comportement qui arrive sur Linux et beaucoup d'autres "
"implémentations, où, comme pour beaucoup d'erreurs pouvant être signalées "
"par B<close>(), le descripteur de fichier se fermera assurément. Néanmoins, "
"cela permet aussi une autre possibilité : l'implémentation renvoie une "
"erreur B<EINTR> et laisse le descripteur de fichier ouvert (selon sa "
"documentation, le B<close>() de HP-UX fait cela). L'appelant doit donc "
"utiliser une fois de plus B<close>() pour fermer le descripteur de fichier, "
"afin d'éviter des fuites du descripteur de fichier. Cette divergence de "
"comportements dans l'implémentation apporte un obstacle difficile à la "
"portabilité des applications car sur beaucoup d'implémentations, B<close>() "
"ne doit pas être rappelé après une erreur B<EINTR>, tandis que sur au moins "
"une d'elles, B<close>() doit être rappelé. Il est envisagé de s'occuper de "
"ce casse-tête dans la prochaine version majeure du standard POSIX.1."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SEE ALSO"
msgstr "VOIR AUSSI"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<close_range>(2), B<fcntl>(2), B<fsync>(2), B<open>(2), B<shutdown>(2), "
"B<unlink>(2), B<fclose>(3)"
msgstr ""
"B<close_range>(2), B<fcntl>(2), B<fsync>(2), B<open>(2), B<shutdown>(2), "
"B<unlink>(2), B<fclose>(3)"

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "2022-10-30"
msgstr "30 octobre 2022"

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.03"
msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.03"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<close>()  closes a file descriptor, so that it no longer refers to any "
"file and may be reused.  Any record locks (see B<fcntl>(2))  held on the "
"file it was associated with, and owned by the process, are removed "
"(regardless of the file descriptor that was used to obtain the lock)."
msgstr ""
"B<close>() ferme le descripteur de fichier I<fd>, de manière à ce qu'il ne "
"référence plus aucun fichier, et puisse être réutilisé. Tous les "
"verrouillages (consultez B<fcntl>(2)) sur le fichier qui lui était associé, "
"appartenant au processus, sont supprimés (quel que soit le descripteur de "
"fichier qui fut utilisé pour obtenir le verrouillage)."

#. type: TP
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<ENOSPC>, B<EDQUOT>"
msgstr "B<ENOSPC>, B<EDQUOT>"

#.  SVr4 documents an additional ENOLINK error condition.
#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid "POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, SVr4, 4.3BSD."
msgstr "POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, SVr4, 4.3BSD."

#. type: TH
#: debian-unstable opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-03-30"
msgstr "30 mars 2023"

#. type: TH
#: debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.05.01"
msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.05.01"

#.  Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 13:57:35 +0200
#.  From: Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org>
#.  One such race involves signals and ERESTARTSYS. If a file descriptor
#.  in use by a system call is closed and then reused by e.g. an
#.  independent open() in some unrelated thread, before the original system
#.  call has restarted after ERESTARTSYS, the original system call will
#.  later restart with the reused file descriptor. This is most likely a
#.  serious programming error.
#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
msgid ""
"When dealing with sockets, you have to be sure that there is no B<recv>(2)  "
"still blocking on it on another thread, otherwise it might block forever, "
"since no more messages will be send via the socket. Be sure to use "
"B<shutdown>(2)  to shut down all parts the connection before closing the "
"socket."
msgstr ""
"Quand on gère des sockets, vous devez être sûr qu'il n'y a pas de B<recv>(2) "
"qui bloque dessus sur un autre thread, sans quoi il pourrait être bloqué "
"pour toujours, puisqu'aucun message ne lui sera plus envoyé par le socket. "
"Assurez-vous d'éteindre B<shutdown>(2) pour éteindre tous les bouts de "
"connexion avant de fermer le socket."

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04"
msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.04"