path: root/po/fr/man7/raw.7.po

# French translation of manpages
# This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package.
# Copyright © of this file:
# Christophe Blaess <https://www.blaess.fr/christophe/>, 1996-2003.
# Stéphan Rafin <stephan.rafin@laposte.net>, 2002.
# Thierry Vignaud <tvignaud@mandriva.com>, 1999, 2002.
# François Micaux, 2002.
# Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>, 2003-2008.
# Jean-Philippe Guérard <fevrier@tigreraye.org>, 2005-2006.
# Jean-Luc Coulon (f5ibh) <jean-luc.coulon@wanadoo.fr>, 2006-2007.
# Julien Cristau <jcristau@debian.org>, 2006-2007.
# Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>, 2006-2008.
# Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>, 2006-2008.
# Florentin Duneau <fduneau@gmail.com>, 2006-2010.
# Simon Paillard <simon.paillard@resel.enst-bretagne.fr>, 2006, 2013-2014.
# Denis Barbier <barbier@debian.org>, 2006, 2010.
# David Prévot <david@tilapin.org>, 2010-2014.
# Jean-Paul Guillonneau <guillonneau.jeanpaul@free.fr>, 2021.
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manpages-fr\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-06-01 06:14+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-07-17 07:43+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Jean-Paul Guillonneau <guillonneau.jeanpaul@free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: French <debian-l10n-french@lists.debian.org>\n"
"Language: fr\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n > 1;\n"
"X-Generator: vim\n"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "raw"
msgstr "raw"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "2024-05-02"
msgstr "2 mai 2024"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-unstable
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.8"
msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.8"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NAME"
msgstr "NOM"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "raw - Linux IPv4 raw sockets"
msgstr "raw – Sockets raw IPv4 sous Linux"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SYNOPSIS"
msgstr "SYNOPSIS"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"B<#include E<lt>sys/socket.hE<gt>>\n"
"B<#include E<lt>netinet/in.hE<gt>>\n"
"B<raw_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, int >I<protocol>B<);>\n"
msgstr ""
"B<#include E<lt>sys/socket.hE<gt>>\n"
"B<#include E<lt>netinet/in.hE<gt>>\n"
"B<raw_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, int >I<protocole>B<);>\n"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "DESCRIPTION"
msgstr "DESCRIPTION"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Raw sockets allow new IPv4 protocols to be implemented in user space.  A raw "
"socket receives or sends the raw datagram not including link level headers."
msgstr ""
"Les sockets raw (bruts, sans protocole) permettent d'implémenter de nouveaux "
"protocoles IPv4 dans l'espace utilisateur. Un socket raw reçoit ou envoie "
"des datagrammes bruts sans les en-têtes de couche de liaison."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The IPv4 layer generates an IP header when sending a packet unless the "
"B<IP_HDRINCL> socket option is enabled on the socket.  When it is enabled, "
"the packet must contain an IP header.  For receiving, the IP header is "
"always included in the packet."
msgstr ""
"La couche IPv4 génère des en-têtes IP lorsqu'elle envoie un paquet, à moins "
"que l'option B<IP_HDRINCL> de socket ne soit activée sur le socket. "
"Lorsqu'elle est activée, le socket doit contenir l'en-tête IP. Pour la "
"réception, l'en-tête IP est toujours inclus dans le paquet."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In order to create a raw socket, a process must have the B<CAP_NET_RAW> "
"capability in the user namespace that governs its network namespace."
msgstr ""
"Dans le but de créer un socket raw, un processus doit avoir la capacité "
"B<CAP_NET_RAW> dans l’espace de noms utilisateur qui régit son espace de "
"noms réseau."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"All packets or errors matching the I<protocol> number specified for the raw "
"socket are passed to this socket.  For a list of the allowed protocols, see "
"the IANA list of assigned protocol numbers at E<.UR http://www.iana.org/"
"assignments/protocol-numbers/> E<.UE> and B<getprotobyname>(3)."
msgstr ""
"Tous les paquets ou les erreurs correspondant au numéro de I<protocole> "
"indiqué pour le socket raw sont transmis à ce socket. Pour voir une liste "
"des protocoles autorisés, consultez les numéros assignés dans E<.UR http://"
"www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbers/> E<.UE> et B<getprotobyname>(3)."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A protocol of B<IPPROTO_RAW> implies enabled B<IP_HDRINCL> and is able to "
"send any IP protocol that is specified in the passed header.  Receiving of "
"all IP protocols via B<IPPROTO_RAW> is not possible using raw sockets."
msgstr ""
"Un protocole B<IPPROTO_RAW> implique l'activation de B<IP_HDRINCL> et "
"autorise l'émission suivant n'importe quel protocole IP indiqué dans l'en-"
"tête. La réception de tous les protocoles IP avec B<IPPROTO_RAW> n'est pas "
"possible avec les sockets raw."

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "IP Header fields modified on sending by B<IP_HDRINCL>"
msgstr "Champs d'en-tête IP modifiés en émission par B<IP_HDRINCL>"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "IP Checksum"
msgstr "Somme de contrôle d’IP"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Always filled in"
msgstr "Toujours rempli"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Source Address"
msgstr "Adresse de socket"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Filled in when zero"
msgstr "Rempli si composé de zéros"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Packet ID"
msgstr "ID de paquet"

#. type: tbl table
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Total Length"
msgstr "Longueur totale"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If B<IP_HDRINCL> is specified and the IP header has a nonzero destination "
"address, then the destination address of the socket is used to route the "
"packet.  When B<MSG_DONTROUTE> is specified, the destination address should "
"refer to a local interface, otherwise a routing table lookup is done anyway "
"but gatewayed routes are ignored."
msgstr ""
"Si B<IP_HDRINCL> est indiqué et si l'en-tête IP a une adresse de destination "
"différente de zéro, alors l'adresse de destination du socket est utilisée "
"pour router le paquet. Quand B<MSG_DONTROUTE> est indiqué, l'adresse de "
"destination devrait toujours viser une interface locale. Sinon, un examen de "
"la table de routage a quand même lieu, mais les routes avec une passerelle "
"sont ignorées."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If B<IP_HDRINCL> isn't set, then IP header options can be set on raw sockets "
"with B<setsockopt>(2); see B<ip>(7)  for more information."
msgstr ""
"Si B<IP_HDRINCL> n'est pas indiqué, les options d'en-tête IP peuvent être "
"définies sur les sockets raw avec B<setsockopt>(2) ; consultez B<ip>(7) pour "
"plus d'informations."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Starting with Linux 2.2, all IP header fields and options can be set using "
"IP socket options.  This means raw sockets are usually needed only for new "
"protocols or protocols with no user interface (like ICMP)."
msgstr ""
"Depuis Linux 2.2 tous les champs d'en-tête IP et les options peuvent être "
"définis en utilisant les options IP de socket. Cela signifie que les sockets "
"raw ne servent en général que pour les nouveaux protocoles ou les protocoles "
"sans interface utilisateur (comme ICMP)."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When a packet is received, it is passed to any raw sockets which have been "
"bound to its protocol before it is passed to other protocol handlers (e.g., "
"kernel protocol modules)."
msgstr ""
"Lorsqu'un paquet est reçu, il est passé à tous les sockets raw qui ont été "
"attachés à son protocole avant d'être transmis aux gestionnaires des autres "
"protocoles (par exemple les modules des protocoles du noyau)."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Address format"
msgstr "Formats d'adresse"

#.  commit f59fc7f30b710d45aadf715460b3e60dbe9d3418
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"For sending and receiving datagrams (B<sendto>(2), B<recvfrom>(2), and "
"similar), raw sockets use the standard I<sockaddr_in> address structure "
"defined in B<ip>(7).  The I<sin_port> field could be used to specify the IP "
"protocol number, but it is ignored for sending in Linux 2.2 and later, and "
"should be always set to 0 (see BUGS).  For incoming packets, I<sin_port> is "
"set to zero."
msgstr ""
"Pour envoyer et recevoir des datagrammes (B<sendto>(2), B<recvfrom>(2) et "
"similaires), les sockets raw utilisent la structure d'adresse I<sockaddr_in> "
"standard, définie dans B<ip>(7). Le champ I<sin_port> pourrait être utilisé "
"pour indiquer un numéro de protocole IP, mais il est ignoré pour l'émission "
"dans Linux 2.2 et les versions suivantes et devrait être toujours mis à zéro "
"(voir paragraphe BOGUES). Pour les paquets entrants I<sin_port> est réglé à "
"zéro."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Socket options"
msgstr "Options de socket"

#.  Or SOL_RAW on Linux
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Raw socket options can be set with B<setsockopt>(2)  and read with "
"B<getsockopt>(2)  by passing the B<IPPROTO_RAW> family flag."
msgstr ""
"Les options des sockets raw peuvent être écrites avec B<setsockopt>(2) et "
"lues avec B<getsockopt>(2) en passant l'attribut de famille B<IPPROTO_RAW>."

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<ICMP_FILTER>"
msgstr "B<ICMP_FILTER>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Enable a special filter for raw sockets bound to the B<IPPROTO_ICMP> "
"protocol.  The value has a bit set for each ICMP message type which should "
"be filtered out.  The default is to filter no ICMP messages."
msgstr ""
"Activer un filtre spécial sur les sockets raw liés au protocole "
"B<IPPROTO_ICMP>. La valeur a un bit défini pour chaque type de message ICMP "
"qui doit être rejeté. La valeur par défaut est de ne filtrer aucun message "
"ICMP."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In addition, all B<ip>(7)  B<IPPROTO_IP> socket options valid for datagram "
"sockets are supported."
msgstr ""
"De plus, toutes les options B<IPPROTO_IP> de B<ip>(7) valables pour les "
"sockets datagrammes sont prises en charge."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Error handling"
msgstr "Traitement des erreurs"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Errors originating from the network are passed to the user only when the "
"socket is connected or the B<IP_RECVERR> flag is enabled.  For connected "
"sockets, only B<EMSGSIZE> and B<EPROTO> are passed for compatibility.  With "
"B<IP_RECVERR>, all network errors are saved in the error queue."
msgstr ""
"Les erreurs provenant du réseau ne sont transmises à l'utilisateur que "
"lorsque le socket est connecté ou si le drapeau B<IP_RECVERR> est actif. "
"Pour les sockets connectés, seules B<EMSGSIZE> et B<EPROTO> sont transmises "
"pour compatibilité. Avec B<IP_RECVERR>, toutes les erreurs réseau sont "
"sauvegardées dans la file d'erreurs."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "ERRORS"
msgstr "ERREURS"

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<EACCES>"
msgstr "B<EACCES>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"User tried to send to a broadcast address without having the broadcast flag "
"set on the socket."
msgstr ""
"L'utilisateur essaye d'envoyer sur une adresse broadcast sans avoir le "
"drapeau broadcast sur le socket."

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<EFAULT>"
msgstr "B<EFAULT>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "An invalid memory address was supplied."
msgstr "Une adresse mémoire incorrecte a été fournie."

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<EINVAL>"
msgstr "B<EINVAL>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Invalid argument."
msgstr "Argument incorrect."

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<EMSGSIZE>"
msgstr "B<EMSGSIZE>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Packet too big.  Either Path MTU Discovery is enabled (the "
"B<IP_MTU_DISCOVER> socket flag) or the packet size exceeds the maximum "
"allowed IPv4 packet size of 64\\ kB."
msgstr ""
"Paquet trop grand. Soit la recherche du MTU d’un chemin donné (Path MTU "
"discovery — PMTUd)) est active (voir l'attribut B<IP_MTU_DISCOVER> de "
"socket), soit la taille du paquet dépasse le maximum autorisé par IPv4 (64\\ "
"Ko)."

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<EOPNOTSUPP>"
msgstr "B<EOPNOTSUPP>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Invalid flag has been passed to a socket call (like B<MSG_OOB>)."
msgstr ""
"Un attribut incorrect a été transmis à un appel de socket (comme B<MSG_OOB>)."

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<EPERM>"
msgstr "B<EPERM>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The user doesn't have permission to open raw sockets.  Only processes with "
"an effective user ID of 0 or the B<CAP_NET_RAW> attribute may do that."
msgstr ""
"L'utilisateur n'a pas la permission d'ouvrir des sockets raw. Seuls les "
"processus avec un UID effectif égal à zéro ou ayant la capacité "
"B<CAP_NET_RAW> peuvent le faire."

#. type: TP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<EPROTO>"
msgstr "B<EPROTO>"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "An ICMP error has arrived reporting a parameter problem."
msgstr "Une erreur ICMP est arrivée, indiquant un problème de paramétrage."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "VERSIONS"
msgstr "VERSIONS"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<IP_RECVERR> and B<ICMP_FILTER> are new in Linux 2.2.  They are Linux "
"extensions and should not be used in portable programs."
msgstr ""
"B<IP_RECVERR> et B<ICMP_FILTER> sont nouveaux dans Linux 2.2. Ce sont des "
"extensions Linux qui ne doivent pas être employées dans des programmes "
"portables."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Linux 2.0 enabled some bug-to-bug compatibility with BSD in the raw socket "
"code when the B<SO_BSDCOMPAT> socket option was set; since Linux 2.2, this "
"option no longer has that effect."
msgstr ""
"Linux 2.0 assurait une compatibilité bogue-à-bogue avec le code des sockets "
"raw de BSD lorsque l’option B<SO_BSDCOMPAT> de socket était utilisée. Cela a "
"été supprimé depuis Linux 2.2."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NOTES"
msgstr "NOTES"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"By default, raw sockets do path MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) discovery.  "
"This means the kernel will keep track of the MTU to a specific target IP "
"address and return B<EMSGSIZE> when a raw packet write exceeds it.  When "
"this happens, the application should decrease the packet size.  Path MTU "
"discovery can be also turned off using the B<IP_MTU_DISCOVER> socket option "
"or the I</proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_no_pmtu_disc> file, see B<ip>(7)  for "
"details.  When turned off, raw sockets will fragment outgoing packets that "
"exceed the interface MTU.  However, disabling it is not recommended for "
"performance and reliability reasons."
msgstr ""
"Par défaut, les sockets bruts utilisent la détection du MTU («\\ Maximum "
"Transmission Unit\\ ») pour le chemin. Cela signifie que le noyau garde en "
"mémoire le MTU vers une adresse IP cible spécifique et renvoie B<EMSGSIZE> "
"lorsqu'un paquet raw dépasse cette taille. Dans ce cas, l'application doit "
"diminuer la taille du paquet. La détection du MTU d’un chemin peut aussi "
"être désactivée en utilisant l'option de socket B<IP_MTU_DISCOVER> ou le "
"fichier I</proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_no_pmtu_disc>, consultez B<ip>(7) pour plus "
"de détails. Lorsque cette option est désactivée, les sockets raw "
"fragmenteront les paquets sortants qui dépassent le MTU de l'interface. "
"C’est cependant découragé, pour des raisons de performance et de fiabilité."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A raw socket can be bound to a specific local address using the B<bind>(2)  "
"call.  If it isn't bound, all packets with the specified IP protocol are "
"received.  In addition, a raw socket can be bound to a specific network "
"device using B<SO_BINDTODEVICE>; see B<socket>(7)."
msgstr ""
"Un socket raw peut être attaché à une adresse locale spécifique en utilisant "
"l'appel B<bind>(2). S’il n'est pas attaché, tous les paquets du protocole IP "
"indiqué sont reçus. De plus, un socket raw peut être attaché à un "
"périphérique réseau particulier avec B<SO_BINDTODEVICE>\\ ; consultez "
"B<socket>(7)."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"An B<IPPROTO_RAW> socket is send only.  If you really want to receive all IP "
"packets, use a B<packet>(7)  socket with the B<ETH_P_IP> protocol.  Note "
"that packet sockets don't reassemble IP fragments, unlike raw sockets."
msgstr ""
"Un socket B<IPPROTO_RAW> ne fonctionne qu'en émission. Si vous désirez "
"vraiment recevoir tous les paquets IP, utilisez un socket B<packet>(7) avec "
"le protocole B<ETH_P_IP>. Notez que les sockets packet ne réassemblent pas "
"les fragments IP contrairement aux sockets raw."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If you want to receive all ICMP packets for a datagram socket, it is often "
"better to use B<IP_RECVERR> on that particular socket; see B<ip>(7)."
msgstr ""
"Si vous voulez recevoir tous les paquets ICMP pour un socket datagram, il "
"est souvent préférable d'utiliser B<IP_RECVERR> sur ce socket particulier, "
"consultez B<ip>(7)."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Raw sockets may tap all IP protocols in Linux, even protocols like ICMP or "
"TCP which have a protocol module in the kernel.  In this case, the packets "
"are passed to both the kernel module and the raw socket(s).  This should not "
"be relied upon in portable programs, many other BSD socket implementation "
"have limitations here."
msgstr ""
"Les sockets raw peuvent exploiter tous les protocoles IP sous Linux, même "
"les protocoles comme ICMP ou TCP qui ont un module de protocole dans le "
"noyau. Dans ce cas, les paquets sont passés à la fois au module du noyau et "
"au(x) socket(s) raw. Ce comportement n'est pas portable, de nombreuses "
"autres implémentations des sockets BSD ont leurs propres limites à ce sujet."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Linux never changes headers passed from the user (except for filling in some "
"zeroed fields as described for B<IP_HDRINCL>).  This differs from many other "
"implementations of raw sockets."
msgstr ""
"Linux ne modifie jamais les en-têtes fournis par l'utilisateur (sauf pour "
"remplir les champs ne contenant que des zéros comme cela est décrit pour "
"B<IP_HDRINCL>). Ça diffère de nombreuses autres implémentations des sockets "
"raw."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Raw sockets are generally rather unportable and should be avoided in "
"programs intended to be portable."
msgstr ""
"Les sockets raw sont en général peu portables et devraient être évités dans "
"les programmes destinés à être portables."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Sending on raw sockets should take the IP protocol from I<sin_port>; this "
"ability was lost in Linux 2.2.  The workaround is to use B<IP_HDRINCL>."
msgstr ""
"L'émission sur les sockets raw devrait employer le protocole IP dans "
"I<sin_port> ; cette possibilité a été perdue dans Linux 2.2. Une solution "
"est d'utiliser B<IP_HDRINCL>."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "BUGS"
msgstr "BOGUES"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Transparent proxy extensions are not described."
msgstr "Les extensions de mandataire transparent ne sont pas décrites."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When the B<IP_HDRINCL> option is set, datagrams will not be fragmented and "
"are limited to the interface MTU."
msgstr ""
"Lorsque l'option B<IP_HDRINCL> est active, les datagrammes ne seront pas "
"fragmentés et sont limités au MTU de l'interface."

#.  .SH AUTHORS
#.  This man page was written by Andi Kleen.
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Setting the IP protocol for sending in I<sin_port> got lost in Linux 2.2.  "
"The protocol that the socket was bound to or that was specified in the "
"initial B<socket>(2)  call is always used."
msgstr ""
"Utiliser le protocole IP indiqué dans I<sin_port> en émission a été supprimé "
"dans Linux 2.2. Le protocole auquel le socket a été lié ou celui indiqué "
"dans l'appel B<socket>(2) initial est toujours utilisé."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SEE ALSO"
msgstr "VOIR AUSSI"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<recvmsg>(2), B<sendmsg>(2), B<capabilities>(7), B<ip>(7), B<socket>(7)"
msgstr ""
"B<recvmsg>(2), B<sendmsg>(2), B<capabilities>(7), B<ip>(7), B<socket>(7)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<RFC\\ 1191> for path MTU discovery.  B<RFC\\ 791> and the I<E<lt>linux/ip."
"hE<gt>> header file for the IP protocol."
msgstr ""
"B<RFC\\ 1191> pour la recherche du MTU de chemin. B<RFC\\ 791> et le fichier "
"d'en-tête I<E<lt>linux/ip.hE<gt>> pour le protocole IP."

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "2022-12-15"
msgstr "15 décembre 2022"

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.03"
msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.03"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-10-31"
msgstr "31 octobre 2023"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06"
msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.06"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-rawhide
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7"
msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.7"

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04"
msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.04"

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages (unreleased)"
msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux (non publiées)"