path: root/templates/man7/daemon.7.pot

# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-06-01 05:46+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"Language: \n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "DAEMON"
msgstr ""

#. type: TH
#: archlinux fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "systemd 255"
msgstr ""

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "daemon"
msgstr ""

#.  -----------------------------------------------------------------
#.  * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
#.  -----------------------------------------------------------------
#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NAME"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "daemon - Writing and packaging system daemons"
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "DESCRIPTION"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A daemon is a service process that runs in the background and supervises the "
"system or provides functionality to other processes\\&. Traditionally, "
"daemons are implemented following a scheme originating in SysV Unix\\&. "
"Modern daemons should follow a simpler yet more powerful scheme (here called "
"\"new-style\" daemons), as implemented by B<systemd>(1)\\&. This manual page "
"covers both schemes, and in particular includes recommendations for daemons "
"that shall be included in the systemd init system\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SysV Daemons"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When a traditional SysV daemon starts, it should execute the following steps "
"as part of the initialization\\&. Note that these steps are unnecessary for "
"new-style daemons (see below), and should only be implemented if "
"compatibility with SysV is essential\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Close all open file descriptors except standard input, output, and error "
"(i\\&.e\\&. the first three file descriptors 0, 1, 2)\\&. This ensures that "
"no accidentally passed file descriptor stays around in the daemon "
"process\\&. On Linux, this is best implemented by iterating through /proc/"
"self/fd, with a fallback of iterating from file descriptor 3 to the value "
"returned by B<getrlimit()> for B<RLIMIT_NOFILE>\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Reset all signal handlers to their default\\&. This is best done by "
"iterating through the available signals up to the limit of B<_NSIG> and "
"resetting them to B<SIG_DFL>\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Reset the signal mask using B<sigprocmask()>\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Sanitize the environment block, removing or resetting environment variables "
"that might negatively impact daemon runtime\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Call B<fork()>, to create a background process\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In the child, call B<setsid()> to detach from any terminal and create an "
"independent session\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In the child, call B<fork()> again, to ensure that the daemon can never re-"
"acquire a terminal again\\&. (This is relevant if the program \\(em and all "
"its dependencies \\(em does not carefully specify `O_NOCTTY` on each and "
"every single `open()` call that might potentially open a TTY device node\\&.)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Call B<exit()> in the first child, so that only the second child (the actual "
"daemon process) stays around\\&. This ensures that the daemon process is re-"
"parented to init/PID 1, as all daemons should be\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In the daemon process, connect /dev/null to standard input, output, and "
"error\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In the daemon process, reset the umask to 0, so that the file modes passed "
"to B<open()>, B<mkdir()> and suchlike directly control the access mode of "
"the created files and directories\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In the daemon process, change the current directory to the root directory "
"(/), in order to avoid that the daemon involuntarily blocks mount points "
"from being unmounted\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In the daemon process, write the daemon PID (as returned by B<getpid()>) to "
"a PID file, for example /run/foobar\\&.pid (for a hypothetical daemon "
"\"foobar\") to ensure that the daemon cannot be started more than once\\&. "
"This must be implemented in race-free fashion so that the PID file is only "
"updated when it is verified at the same time that the PID previously stored "
"in the PID file no longer exists or belongs to a foreign process\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "In the daemon process, drop privileges, if possible and applicable\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"From the daemon process, notify the original process started that "
"initialization is complete\\&. This can be implemented via an unnamed pipe "
"or similar communication channel that is created before the first B<fork()> "
"and hence available in both the original and the daemon process\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Call B<exit()> in the original process\\&. The process that invoked the "
"daemon must be able to rely on that this B<exit()> happens after "
"initialization is complete and all external communication channels are "
"established and accessible\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The BSD B<daemon()> function should not be used, as it implements only a "
"subset of these steps\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A daemon that needs to provide compatibility with SysV systems should "
"implement the scheme pointed out above\\&. However, it is recommended to "
"make this behavior optional and configurable via a command line argument to "
"ease debugging as well as to simplify integration into systems using "
"systemd\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "New-Style Daemons"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Modern services for Linux should be implemented as new-style daemons\\&. "
"This makes it easier to supervise and control them at runtime and simplifies "
"their implementation\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"For developing a new-style daemon, none of the initialization steps "
"recommended for SysV daemons need to be implemented\\&. New-style init "
"systems such as systemd make all of them redundant\\&. Moreover, since some "
"of these steps interfere with process monitoring, file descriptor passing, "
"and other functionality of the service manager, it is recommended not to "
"execute them when run as new-style service\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Note that new-style init systems guarantee execution of daemon processes in "
"a clean process context: it is guaranteed that the environment block is "
"sanitized, that the signal handlers and mask is reset and that no left-over "
"file descriptors are passed\\&. Daemons will be executed in their own "
"session, with standard input connected to /dev/null and standard output/"
"error connected to the B<systemd-journald.service>(8)  logging service, "
"unless otherwise configured\\&. The umask is reset\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "It is recommended for new-style daemons to implement the following:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If applicable, the daemon should notify the service manager about startup "
"completion or status updates via the B<sd_notify>(3)  interface, in "
"particular I<READY=1> and I<STATUS=\\&...>\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If B<SIGTERM> is received, shut down the daemon and exit cleanly\\&. A "
"I<STOPPING=1> notification should be sent via B<sd_notify>(3)\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If B<SIGHUP> is received, reload the configuration files, if this "
"applies\\&. This should be combined with notifications via B<sd_notify>(3): "
"I<RELOADING=1> and I<READY=1>\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Provide a correct exit code from the main daemon process, as this is used by "
"the service manager to detect service errors and problems\\&. It is "
"recommended to follow the exit code scheme as defined in the \\m[blue]B<LSB "
"recommendations for SysV init scripts>\\m[]\\&\\s-2\\u[1]\\d\\s+2\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If possible and applicable, expose the daemon\\*(Aqs control interface via "
"the D-Bus IPC system and grab a bus name as last step of initialization\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"For integration in systemd, provide a \\&.service unit file that carries "
"information about starting, stopping and otherwise maintaining the "
"daemon\\&. See B<systemd.service>(5)  for details\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"As much as possible, rely on the service manager\\*(Aqs functionality to "
"limit the access of the daemon to files, services, and other resources, i\\&."
"e\\&. in the case of systemd, rely on systemd\\*(Aqs resource limit control "
"instead of implementing your own, rely on systemd\\*(Aqs privilege dropping "
"code instead of implementing it in the daemon, and so on\\&. See B<systemd."
"exec>(5)  for the available controls\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If D-Bus is used, make your daemon bus-activatable by supplying a D-Bus "
"service activation configuration file\\&. This has multiple advantages: your "
"daemon may be started lazily on-demand; it may be started in parallel to "
"other daemons requiring it \\(em which maximizes parallelization and boot-up "
"speed; your daemon can be restarted on failure without losing any bus "
"requests, as the bus queues requests for activatable services\\&. See below "
"for details\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If your daemon provides services to other local processes or remote clients "
"via a socket, it should be made socket-activatable following the scheme "
"pointed out below\\&. Like D-Bus activation, this enables on-demand starting "
"of services as well as it allows improved parallelization of service start-"
"up\\&. Also, for state-less protocols (such as syslog, DNS), a daemon "
"implementing socket-based activation can be restarted without losing a "
"single request\\&. See below for details\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If the service opens sockets or other files on it own, and those file "
"descriptors shall survive a restart, the daemon should store them in the "
"service manager via B<sd_notify>(3)  with I<FDSTORE=1>\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Instead of using the B<syslog()> call to log directly to the system syslog "
"service, a new-style daemon may choose to simply log to standard error via "
"B<fprintf()>, which is then forwarded to syslog\\&. If log levels are "
"necessary, these can be encoded by prefixing individual log lines with "
"strings like \"E<lt>4E<gt>\" (for log level 4 \"WARNING\" in the syslog "
"priority scheme), following a similar style as the Linux kernel\\*(Aqs "
"B<printk()> level system\\&. For details, see B<sd-daemon>(3)  and B<systemd."
"exec>(5)\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"As new-style daemons are invoked without a controlling TTY (but as their own "
"session leaders) care should be taken to always specify B<O_NOCTTY> on "
"B<open>(2)  calls that possibly reference a TTY device node, so that no "
"controlling TTY is accidentally acquired\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"These recommendations are similar but not identical to the \\m[blue]B<Apple "
"MacOS X Daemon Requirements>\\m[]\\&\\s-2\\u[2]\\d\\s+2\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "ACTIVATION"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"New-style init systems provide multiple additional mechanisms to activate "
"services, as detailed below\\&. It is common that services are configured to "
"be activated via more than one mechanism at the same time\\&. An example for "
"systemd: bluetoothd\\&.service might get activated either when Bluetooth "
"hardware is plugged in, or when an application accesses its programming "
"interfaces via D-Bus\\&. Or, a print server daemon might get activated when "
"traffic arrives at an IPP port, or when a printer is plugged in, or when a "
"file is queued in the printer spool directory\\&. Even for services that are "
"intended to be started on system bootup unconditionally, it is a good idea "
"to implement some of the various activation schemes outlined below, in order "
"to maximize parallelization\\&. If a daemon implements a D-Bus service or "
"listening socket, implementing the full bus and socket activation scheme "
"allows starting of the daemon with its clients in parallel (which speeds up "
"boot-up), since all its communication channels are established already, and "
"no request is lost because client requests will be queued by the bus system "
"(in case of D-Bus) or the kernel (in case of sockets) until the activation "
"is completed\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Activation on Boot"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Old-style daemons are usually activated exclusively on boot (and manually by "
"the administrator) via SysV init scripts, as detailed in the \\m[blue]B<LSB "
"Linux Standard Base Core Specification>\\m[]\\&\\s-2\\u[1]\\d\\s+2\\&. This "
"method of activation is supported ubiquitously on Linux init systems, both "
"old-style and new-style systems\\&. Among other issues, SysV init scripts "
"have the disadvantage of involving shell scripts in the boot process\\&. New-"
"style init systems generally use updated versions of activation, both during "
"boot-up and during runtime and using more minimal service description "
"files\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In systemd, if the developer or administrator wants to make sure that a "
"service or other unit is activated automatically on boot, it is recommended "
"to place a symlink to the unit file in the \\&.wants/ directory of either "
"multi-user\\&.target or graphical\\&.target, which are normally used as boot "
"targets at system startup\\&. See B<systemd.unit>(5)  for details about the "
"\\&.wants/ directories, and B<systemd.special>(7)  for details about the two "
"boot targets\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Socket-Based Activation"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In order to maximize the possible parallelization and robustness and "
"simplify configuration and development, it is recommended for all new-style "
"daemons that communicate via listening sockets to use socket-based "
"activation\\&. In a socket-based activation scheme, the creation and binding "
"of the listening socket as primary communication channel of daemons to local "
"(and sometimes remote) clients is moved out of the daemon code and into the "
"service manager\\&. Based on per-daemon configuration, the service manager "
"installs the sockets and then hands them off to the spawned process as soon "
"as the respective daemon is to be started\\&. Optionally, activation of the "
"service can be delayed until the first inbound traffic arrives at the socket "
"to implement on-demand activation of daemons\\&. However, the primary "
"advantage of this scheme is that all providers and all consumers of the "
"sockets can be started in parallel as soon as all sockets are "
"established\\&. In addition to that, daemons can be restarted with losing "
"only a minimal number of client transactions, or even any client request at "
"all (the latter is particularly true for state-less protocols, such as DNS "
"or syslog), because the socket stays bound and accessible during the "
"restart, and all requests are queued while the daemon cannot process them\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"New-style daemons which support socket activation must be able to receive "
"their sockets from the service manager instead of creating and binding them "
"themselves\\&. For details about the programming interfaces for this scheme "
"provided by systemd, see B<sd_listen_fds>(3)  and B<sd-daemon>(3)\\&. For "
"details about porting existing daemons to socket-based activation, see "
"below\\&. With minimal effort, it is possible to implement socket-based "
"activation in addition to traditional internal socket creation in the same "
"codebase in order to support both new-style and old-style init systems from "
"the same daemon binary\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"systemd implements socket-based activation via \\&.socket units, which are "
"described in B<systemd.socket>(5)\\&. When configuring socket units for "
"socket-based activation, it is essential that all listening sockets are "
"pulled in by the special target unit sockets\\&.target\\&. It is recommended "
"to place a I<WantedBy=sockets\\&.target> directive in the [Install] section "
"to automatically add such a dependency on installation of a socket unit\\&. "
"Unless I<DefaultDependencies=no> is set, the necessary ordering dependencies "
"are implicitly created for all socket units\\&. For more information about "
"sockets\\&.target, see B<systemd.special>(7)\\&. It is not necessary or "
"recommended to place any additional dependencies on socket units (for "
"example from multi-user\\&.target or suchlike) when one is installed in "
"sockets\\&.target\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Bus-Based Activation"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When the D-Bus IPC system is used for communication with clients, new-style "
"daemons should use bus activation so that they are automatically activated "
"when a client application accesses their IPC interfaces\\&. This is "
"configured in D-Bus service files (not to be confused with systemd service "
"unit files!)\\&. To ensure that D-Bus uses systemd to start-up and maintain "
"the daemon, use the I<SystemdService=> directive in these service files to "
"configure the matching systemd service for a D-Bus service\\&. e\\&.g\\&.: "
"For a D-Bus service whose D-Bus activation file is named org\\&."
"freedesktop\\&.RealtimeKit\\&.service, make sure to set "
"I<SystemdService=rtkit-daemon\\&.service> in that file to bind it to the "
"systemd service rtkit-daemon\\&.service\\&. This is needed to make sure that "
"the daemon is started in a race-free fashion when activated via multiple "
"mechanisms simultaneously\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Device-Based Activation"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Often, daemons that manage a particular type of hardware should be activated "
"only when the hardware of the respective kind is plugged in or otherwise "
"becomes available\\&. In a new-style init system, it is possible to bind "
"activation to hardware plug/unplug events\\&. In systemd, kernel devices "
"appearing in the sysfs/udev device tree can be exposed as units if they are "
"tagged with the string \"systemd\"\\&. Like any other kind of unit, they may "
"then pull in other units when activated (i\\&.e\\&. plugged in) and thus "
"implement device-based activation\\&. systemd dependencies may be encoded in "
"the udev database via the I<SYSTEMD_WANTS=> property\\&. See B<systemd."
"device>(5)  for details\\&. Often, it is nicer to pull in services from "
"devices only indirectly via dedicated targets\\&. Example: Instead of "
"pulling in bluetoothd\\&.service from all the various bluetooth dongles and "
"other hardware available, pull in bluetooth\\&.target from them and "
"bluetoothd\\&.service from that target\\&. This provides for nicer "
"abstraction and gives administrators the option to enable bluetoothd\\&."
"service via controlling a bluetooth\\&.target\\&.wants/ symlink uniformly "
"with a command like B<enable> of B<systemctl>(1)  instead of manipulating "
"the udev ruleset\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Path-Based Activation"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Often, runtime of daemons processing spool files or directories (such as a "
"printing system) can be delayed until these file system objects change "
"state, or become non-empty\\&. New-style init systems provide a way to bind "
"service activation to file system changes\\&. systemd implements this scheme "
"via path-based activation configured in \\&.path units, as outlined in "
"B<systemd.path>(5)\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Timer-Based Activation"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Some daemons that implement clean-up jobs that are intended to be executed "
"in regular intervals benefit from timer-based activation\\&. In systemd, "
"this is implemented via \\&.timer units, as described in B<systemd."
"timer>(5)\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Other Forms of Activation"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Other forms of activation have been suggested and implemented in some "
"systems\\&. However, there are often simpler or better alternatives, or they "
"can be put together of combinations of the schemes above\\&. Example: "
"Sometimes, it appears useful to start daemons or \\&.socket units when a "
"specific IP address is configured on a network interface, because network "
"sockets shall be bound to the address\\&. However, an alternative to "
"implement this is by utilizing the Linux B<IP_FREEBIND>/B<IPV6_FREEBIND> "
"socket option, as accessible via I<FreeBind=yes> in systemd socket files "
"(see B<systemd.socket>(5)  for details)\\&. This option, when enabled, "
"allows sockets to be bound to a non-local, not configured IP address, and "
"hence allows bindings to a particular IP address before it actually becomes "
"available, making such an explicit dependency to the configured address "
"redundant\\&. Another often suggested trigger for service activation is low "
"system load\\&. However, here too, a more convincing approach might be to "
"make proper use of features of the operating system, in particular, the CPU "
"or I/O scheduler of Linux\\&. Instead of scheduling jobs from userspace "
"based on monitoring the OS scheduler, it is advisable to leave the "
"scheduling of processes to the OS scheduler itself\\&. systemd provides fine-"
"grained access to the CPU and I/O schedulers\\&. If a process executed by "
"the service manager shall not negatively impact the amount of CPU or I/O "
"bandwidth available to other processes, it should be configured with "
"I<CPUSchedulingPolicy=idle> and/or I<IOSchedulingClass=idle>\\&. Optionally, "
"this may be combined with timer-based activation to schedule background jobs "
"during runtime and with minimal impact on the system, and remove it from the "
"boot phase itself\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "INTEGRATION WITH SYSTEMD"
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Writing systemd Unit Files"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When writing systemd unit files, it is recommended to consider the following "
"suggestions:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If possible, do not use the I<Type=forking> setting in service files\\&. But "
"if you do, make sure to set the PID file path using I<PIDFile=>\\&. See "
"B<systemd.service>(5)  for details\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If your daemon registers a D-Bus name on the bus, make sure to use "
"I<Type=dbus> in the service file if possible\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Make sure to set a good human-readable description string with "
"I<Description=>\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Do not disable I<DefaultDependencies=>, unless you really know what you do "
"and your unit is involved in early boot or late system shutdown\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Normally, little if any dependencies should need to be defined "
"explicitly\\&. However, if you do configure explicit dependencies, only "
"refer to unit names listed on B<systemd.special>(7)  or names introduced by "
"your own package to keep the unit file operating system-independent\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Make sure to include an [Install] section including installation information "
"for the unit file\\&. See B<systemd.unit>(5)  for details\\&. To activate "
"your service on boot, make sure to add a I<WantedBy=multi-user\\&.target> or "
"I<WantedBy=graphical\\&.target> directive\\&. To activate your socket on "
"boot, make sure to add I<WantedBy=sockets\\&.target>\\&. Usually, you also "
"want to make sure that when your service is installed, your socket is "
"installed too, hence add I<Also=foo\\&.socket> in your service file foo\\&."
"service, for a hypothetical program foo\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Installing systemd Service Files"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"At the build installation time (e\\&.g\\&.  B<make install> during package "
"build), packages are recommended to install their systemd unit files in the "
"directory returned by B<pkg-config systemd --variable=systemdsystemunitdir> "
"(for system services) or B<pkg-config systemd --variable=systemduserunitdir> "
"(for user services)\\&. This will make the services available in the system "
"on explicit request but not activate them automatically during boot\\&. "
"Optionally, during package installation (e\\&.g\\&.  B<rpm -i> by the "
"administrator), symlinks should be created in the systemd configuration "
"directories via the B<enable> command of the B<systemctl>(1)  tool to "
"activate them automatically on boot\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Packages using B<autoconf>(1)  are recommended to use a configure script "
"excerpt like the following to determine the unit installation path during "
"source configuration:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"PKG_PROG_PKG_CONFIG()\n"
"AC_ARG_WITH([systemdsystemunitdir],\n"
"     [AS_HELP_STRING([--with-systemdsystemunitdir=DIR], [Directory for systemd service files])],,\n"
"     [with_systemdsystemunitdir=auto])\n"
"AS_IF([test \"x$with_systemdsystemunitdir\" = \"xyes\" -o \"x$with_systemdsystemunitdir\" = \"xauto\"], [\n"
"     def_systemdsystemunitdir=$($PKG_CONFIG --variable=systemdsystemunitdir systemd)\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"     AS_IF([test \"x$def_systemdsystemunitdir\" = \"x\"],\n"
"   [AS_IF([test \"x$with_systemdsystemunitdir\" = \"xyes\"],\n"
"    [AC_MSG_ERROR([systemd support requested but pkg-config unable to query systemd package])])\n"
"    with_systemdsystemunitdir=no],\n"
"   [with_systemdsystemunitdir=\"$def_systemdsystemunitdir\"])])\n"
"AS_IF([test \"x$with_systemdsystemunitdir\" != \"xno\"],\n"
"      [AC_SUBST([systemdsystemunitdir], [$with_systemdsystemunitdir])])\n"
"AM_CONDITIONAL([HAVE_SYSTEMD], [test \"x$with_systemdsystemunitdir\" != \"xno\"])\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"This snippet allows automatic installation of the unit files on systemd "
"machines, and optionally allows their installation even on machines lacking "
"systemd\\&. (Modification of this snippet for the user unit directory is "
"left as an exercise for the reader\\&.)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Additionally, to ensure that B<make distcheck> continues to work, it is "
"recommended to add the following to the top-level Makefile\\&.am file in "
"B<automake>(1)-based projects:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"AM_DISTCHECK_CONFIGURE_FLAGS = \\e\n"
"  --with-systemdsystemunitdir=$$dc_install_base/$(systemdsystemunitdir)\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Finally, unit files should be installed in the system with an automake "
"excerpt like the following:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"if HAVE_SYSTEMD\n"
"systemdsystemunit_DATA = \\e\n"
"  foobar\\&.socket \\e\n"
"  foobar\\&.service\n"
"endif\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In the B<rpm>(8)  \\&.spec file, use snippets like the following to enable/"
"disable the service during installation/deinstallation\\&. This makes use of "
"the RPM macros shipped along systemd\\&. Consult the packaging guidelines of "
"your distribution for details and the equivalent for other package "
"managers\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "At the top of the file:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"BuildRequires: systemd\n"
"%{?systemd_requires}\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "And as scriptlets, further down:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"%post\n"
"%systemd_post foobar\\&.service foobar\\&.socket\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"%preun\n"
"%systemd_preun foobar\\&.service foobar\\&.socket\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"%postun\n"
"%systemd_postun\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If the service shall be restarted during upgrades, replace the \"%postun\" "
"scriptlet above with the following:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"%postun\n"
"%systemd_postun_with_restart foobar\\&.service\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Note that \"%systemd_post\" and \"%systemd_preun\" expect the names of all "
"units that are installed/removed as arguments, separated by spaces\\&.  "
"\"%systemd_postun\" expects no arguments\\&.  "
"\"%systemd_postun_with_restart\" expects the units to restart as "
"arguments\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"To facilitate upgrades from a package version that shipped only SysV init "
"scripts to a package version that ships both a SysV init script and a native "
"systemd service file, use a fragment like the following:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"%triggerun -- foobar E<lt> 0\\&.47\\&.11-1\n"
"if /sbin/chkconfig --level 5 foobar ; then\n"
"  /bin/systemctl --no-reload enable foobar\\&.service foobar\\&.socket E<gt>/dev/null 2E<gt>&1 || :\n"
"fi\n"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Where 0\\&.47\\&.11-1 is the first package version that includes the native "
"unit file\\&. This fragment will ensure that the first time the unit file is "
"installed, it will be enabled if and only if the SysV init script is "
"enabled, thus making sure that the enable status is not changed\\&. Note "
"that B<chkconfig> is a command specific to Fedora which can be used to check "
"whether a SysV init script is enabled\\&. Other operating systems will have "
"to use different commands here\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "PORTING EXISTING DAEMONS"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Since new-style init systems such as systemd are compatible with traditional "
"SysV init systems, it is not strictly necessary to port existing daemons to "
"the new style\\&. However, doing so offers additional functionality to the "
"daemons as well as simplifying integration into new-style init systems\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"To port an existing SysV compatible daemon, the following steps are "
"recommended:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If not already implemented, add an optional command line switch to the "
"daemon to disable daemonization\\&. This is useful not only for using the "
"daemon in new-style init systems, but also to ease debugging\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If the daemon offers interfaces to other software running on the local "
"system via local B<AF_UNIX> sockets, consider implementing socket-based "
"activation (see above)\\&. Usually, a minimal patch is sufficient to "
"implement this: Extend the socket creation in the daemon code so that "
"B<sd_listen_fds>(3)  is checked for already passed sockets first\\&. If "
"sockets are passed (i\\&.e\\&. when B<sd_listen_fds()> returns a positive "
"value), skip the socket creation step and use the passed sockets\\&. "
"Secondly, ensure that the file system socket nodes for local B<AF_UNIX> "
"sockets used in the socket-based activation are not removed when the daemon "
"shuts down, if sockets have been passed\\&. Third, if the daemon normally "
"closes all remaining open file descriptors as part of its initialization, "
"the sockets passed from the service manager must be spared\\&. Since new-"
"style init systems guarantee that no left-over file descriptors are passed "
"to executed processes, it might be a good choice to simply skip the closing "
"of all remaining open file descriptors if sockets are passed\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Write and install a systemd unit file for the service (and the sockets if "
"socket-based activation is used, as well as a path unit file, if the daemon "
"processes a spool directory), see above for details\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If the daemon exposes interfaces via D-Bus, write and install a D-Bus "
"activation file for the service, see above for details\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "PLACING DAEMON DATA"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"It is recommended to follow the general guidelines for placing package "
"files, as discussed in B<file-hierarchy>(7)\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SEE ALSO"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<systemd>(1), B<sd-daemon>(3), B<sd_listen_fds>(3), B<sd_notify>(3), "
"B<daemon>(3), B<systemd.service>(5), B<file-hierarchy>(7)"
msgstr ""

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NOTES"
msgstr ""

#. type: IP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid " 1."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "LSB recommendations for SysV init scripts"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"\\%http://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_3.1.1/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/"
"iniscrptact.html"
msgstr ""

#. type: IP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid " 2."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Apple MacOS X Daemon Requirements"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"\\%https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/"
"BPSystemStartup/Chapters/CreatingLaunchdJobs.html"
msgstr ""

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "systemd 254"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm fedora-40 opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"In the child, call B<fork()> again, to ensure that the daemon can never re-"
"acquire a terminal again\\&. (This relevant if the program \\(em and all its "
"dependencies \\(em does not carefully specify `O_NOCTTY` on each and every "
"single `open()` call that might potentially open a TTY device node\\&.)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"For developing a new-style daemon, none of the initialization steps "
"recommended for SysV daemons need to be implemented\\&. New-style init "
"systems such as systemd make all of them redundant\\&. Moreover, since some "
"of these steps interfere with process monitoring, file descriptor passing "
"and other functionality of the init system, it is recommended not to execute "
"them when run as new-style service\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid "If B<SIGTERM> is received, shut down the daemon and exit cleanly\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"If B<SIGHUP> is received, reload the configuration files, if this applies\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"Provide a correct exit code from the main daemon process, as this is used by "
"the init system to detect service errors and problems\\&. It is recommended "
"to follow the exit code scheme as defined in the \\m[blue]B<LSB "
"recommendations for SysV init scripts>\\m[]\\&\\s-2\\u[1]\\d\\s+2\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"As much as possible, rely on the init system\\*(Aqs functionality to limit "
"the access of the daemon to files, services and other resources, i\\&.e\\&. "
"in the case of systemd, rely on systemd\\*(Aqs resource limit control "
"instead of implementing your own, rely on systemd\\*(Aqs privilege dropping "
"code instead of implementing it in the daemon, and similar\\&. See B<systemd."
"exec>(5)  for the available controls\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"If applicable, a daemon should notify the init system about startup "
"completion or status updates via the B<sd_notify>(3)  interface\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"Instead of using the B<syslog()> call to log directly to the system syslog "
"service, a new-style daemon may choose to simply log to standard error via "
"B<fprintf()>, which is then forwarded to syslog by the init system\\&. If "
"log levels are necessary, these can be encoded by prefixing individual log "
"lines with strings like \"E<lt>4E<gt>\" (for log level 4 \"WARNING\" in the "
"syslog priority scheme), following a similar style as the Linux "
"kernel\\*(Aqs B<printk()> level system\\&. For details, see B<sd-daemon>(3)  "
"and B<systemd.exec>(5)\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"As new-style daemons are invoked without a controlling TTY (but as their own "
"session leaders) care should be taken to always specify `O_NOCTTY` on "
"`open()` calls that possibly reference a TTY device node, so that no "
"controlling TTY is accidentally acquired\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"Old-style daemons are usually activated exclusively on boot (and manually by "
"the administrator) via SysV init scripts, as detailed in the \\m[blue]B<LSB "
"Linux Standard Base Core Specification>\\m[]\\&\\s-2\\u[1]\\d\\s+2\\&. This "
"method of activation is supported ubiquitously on Linux init systems, both "
"old-style and new-style systems\\&. Among other issues, SysV init scripts "
"have the disadvantage of involving shell scripts in the boot process\\&. New-"
"style init systems generally employ updated versions of activation, both "
"during boot-up and during runtime and using more minimal service description "
"files\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"In order to maximize the possible parallelization and robustness and "
"simplify configuration and development, it is recommended for all new-style "
"daemons that communicate via listening sockets to employ socket-based "
"activation\\&. In a socket-based activation scheme, the creation and binding "
"of the listening socket as primary communication channel of daemons to local "
"(and sometimes remote) clients is moved out of the daemon code and into the "
"init system\\&. Based on per-daemon configuration, the init system installs "
"the sockets and then hands them off to the spawned process as soon as the "
"respective daemon is to be started\\&. Optionally, activation of the service "
"can be delayed until the first inbound traffic arrives at the socket to "
"implement on-demand activation of daemons\\&. However, the primary advantage "
"of this scheme is that all providers and all consumers of the sockets can be "
"started in parallel as soon as all sockets are established\\&. In addition "
"to that, daemons can be restarted with losing only a minimal number of "
"client transactions, or even any client request at all (the latter is "
"particularly true for state-less protocols, such as DNS or syslog), because "
"the socket stays bound and accessible during the restart, and all requests "
"are queued while the daemon cannot process them\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"New-style daemons which support socket activation must be able to receive "
"their sockets from the init system instead of creating and binding them "
"themselves\\&. For details about the programming interfaces for this scheme "
"provided by systemd, see B<sd_listen_fds>(3)  and B<sd-daemon>(3)\\&. For "
"details about porting existing daemons to socket-based activation, see "
"below\\&. With minimal effort, it is possible to implement socket-based "
"activation in addition to traditional internal socket creation in the same "
"codebase in order to support both new-style and old-style init systems from "
"the same daemon binary\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"When the D-Bus IPC system is used for communication with clients, new-style "
"daemons should employ bus activation so that they are automatically "
"activated when a client application accesses their IPC interfaces\\&. This "
"is configured in D-Bus service files (not to be confused with systemd "
"service unit files!)\\&. To ensure that D-Bus uses systemd to start-up and "
"maintain the daemon, use the I<SystemdService=> directive in these service "
"files to configure the matching systemd service for a D-Bus service\\&. e\\&."
"g\\&.: For a D-Bus service whose D-Bus activation file is named org\\&."
"freedesktop\\&.RealtimeKit\\&.service, make sure to set "
"I<SystemdService=rtkit-daemon\\&.service> in that file to bind it to the "
"systemd service rtkit-daemon\\&.service\\&. This is needed to make sure that "
"the daemon is started in a race-free fashion when activated via multiple "
"mechanisms simultaneously\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"Other forms of activation have been suggested and implemented in some "
"systems\\&. However, there are often simpler or better alternatives, or they "
"can be put together of combinations of the schemes above\\&. Example: "
"Sometimes, it appears useful to start daemons or \\&.socket units when a "
"specific IP address is configured on a network interface, because network "
"sockets shall be bound to the address\\&. However, an alternative to "
"implement this is by utilizing the Linux B<IP_FREEBIND>/B<IPV6_FREEBIND> "
"socket option, as accessible via I<FreeBind=yes> in systemd socket files "
"(see B<systemd.socket>(5)  for details)\\&. This option, when enabled, "
"allows sockets to be bound to a non-local, not configured IP address, and "
"hence allows bindings to a particular IP address before it actually becomes "
"available, making such an explicit dependency to the configured address "
"redundant\\&. Another often suggested trigger for service activation is low "
"system load\\&. However, here too, a more convincing approach might be to "
"make proper use of features of the operating system, in particular, the CPU "
"or I/O scheduler of Linux\\&. Instead of scheduling jobs from userspace "
"based on monitoring the OS scheduler, it is advisable to leave the "
"scheduling of processes to the OS scheduler itself\\&. systemd provides fine-"
"grained access to the CPU and I/O schedulers\\&. If a process executed by "
"the init system shall not negatively impact the amount of CPU or I/O "
"bandwidth available to other processes, it should be configured with "
"I<CPUSchedulingPolicy=idle> and/or I<IOSchedulingClass=idle>\\&. Optionally, "
"this may be combined with timer-based activation to schedule background jobs "
"during runtime and with minimal impact on the system, and remove it from the "
"boot phase itself\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"If the daemon offers interfaces to other software running on the local "
"system via local B<AF_UNIX> sockets, consider implementing socket-based "
"activation (see above)\\&. Usually, a minimal patch is sufficient to "
"implement this: Extend the socket creation in the daemon code so that "
"B<sd_listen_fds>(3)  is checked for already passed sockets first\\&. If "
"sockets are passed (i\\&.e\\&. when B<sd_listen_fds()> returns a positive "
"value), skip the socket creation step and use the passed sockets\\&. "
"Secondly, ensure that the file system socket nodes for local B<AF_UNIX> "
"sockets used in the socket-based activation are not removed when the daemon "
"shuts down, if sockets have been passed\\&. Third, if the daemon normally "
"closes all remaining open file descriptors as part of its initialization, "
"the sockets passed from the init system must be spared\\&. Since new-style "
"init systems guarantee that no left-over file descriptors are passed to "
"executed processes, it might be a good choice to simply skip the closing of "
"all remaining open file descriptors if sockets are passed\\&."
msgstr ""

#. type: TH
#: debian-unstable fedora-rawhide
#, no-wrap
msgid "systemd 256~rc3"
msgstr ""

#. type: Plain text
#: fedora-40
msgid ""
"If the service opens sockets or other files on it own, and those file "
"descriptors shall survive a restart, the daemon should store them in the "
"service manager via B<sd_notify>(3)  with I<FDSTORE=1>\\&.\\&."
msgstr ""