1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
|
# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-03-01 16:56+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"Language: \n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "futex"
msgstr ""
#. type: TH
#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-10-31"
msgstr ""
#. type: TH
#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06"
msgstr ""
#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NAME"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "futex - fast user-space locking"
msgstr ""
#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SYNOPSIS"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "B<#include E<lt>linux/futex.hE<gt>>\n"
msgstr ""
#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "DESCRIPTION"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The Linux kernel provides futexes (\"Fast user-space mutexes\") as a "
"building block for fast user-space locking and semaphores. Futexes are very "
"basic and lend themselves well for building higher-level locking "
"abstractions such as mutexes, condition variables, read-write locks, "
"barriers, and semaphores."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Most programmers will in fact not be using futexes directly but will instead "
"rely on system libraries built on them, such as the Native POSIX Thread "
"Library (NPTL) (see B<pthreads>(7))."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A futex is identified by a piece of memory which can be shared between "
"processes or threads. In these different processes, the futex need not have "
"identical addresses. In its bare form, a futex has semaphore semantics; it "
"is a counter that can be incremented and decremented atomically; processes "
"can wait for the value to become positive."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Futex operation occurs entirely in user space for the noncontended case. "
"The kernel is involved only to arbitrate the contended case. As any sane "
"design will strive for noncontention, futexes are also optimized for this "
"situation."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In its bare form, a futex is an aligned integer which is touched only by "
"atomic assembler instructions. This integer is four bytes long on all "
"platforms. Processes can share this integer using B<mmap>(2), via shared "
"memory segments, or because they share memory space, in which case the "
"application is commonly called multithreaded."
msgstr ""
#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Semantics"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Any futex operation starts in user space, but it may be necessary to "
"communicate with the kernel using the B<futex>(2) system call."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"To \"up\" a futex, execute the proper assembler instructions that will cause "
"the host CPU to atomically increment the integer. Afterward, check if it "
"has in fact changed from 0 to 1, in which case there were no waiters and the "
"operation is done. This is the noncontended case which is fast and should "
"be common."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In the contended case, the atomic increment changed the counter from -1 (or "
"some other negative number). If this is detected, there are waiters. User "
"space should now set the counter to 1 and instruct the kernel to wake up any "
"waiters using the B<FUTEX_WAKE> operation."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Waiting on a futex, to \"down\" it, is the reverse operation. Atomically "
"decrement the counter and check if it changed to 0, in which case the "
"operation is done and the futex was uncontended. In all other "
"circumstances, the process should set the counter to -1 and request that the "
"kernel wait for another process to up the futex. This is done using the "
"B<FUTEX_WAIT> operation."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The B<futex>(2) system call can optionally be passed a timeout specifying "
"how long the kernel should wait for the futex to be upped. In this case, "
"semantics are more complex and the programmer is referred to B<futex>(2) "
"for more details. The same holds for asynchronous futex waiting."
msgstr ""
#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "VERSIONS"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Initial futex support was merged in Linux 2.5.7 but with different semantics "
"from those described above. Current semantics are available from Linux "
"2.5.40 onward."
msgstr ""
#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NOTES"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"To reiterate, bare futexes are not intended as an easy-to-use abstraction "
"for end users. Implementors are expected to be assembly literate and to "
"have read the sources of the futex user-space library referenced below."
msgstr ""
#. #-#-#-#-# archlinux: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-#
#. .SH AUTHORS
#. .P
#. Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#. (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#. Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#. Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#. This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-# debian-bookworm: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-#
#. .SH AUTHORS
#. .PP
#. Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#. (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#. Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#. Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#. This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-# debian-unstable: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-#
#. .SH AUTHORS
#. .PP
#. Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#. (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#. Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#. Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#. This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-# fedora-40: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-#
#. .SH AUTHORS
#. .P
#. Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#. (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#. Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#. Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#. This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-# fedora-rawhide: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-#
#. .SH AUTHORS
#. .P
#. Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#. (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#. Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#. Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#. This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-# mageia-cauldron: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-#
#. .SH AUTHORS
#. .P
#. Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#. (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#. Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#. Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#. This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-# opensuse-leap-15-6: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-#
#. .SH AUTHORS
#. .PP
#. Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#. (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#. Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#. Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#. This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-# opensuse-tumbleweed: futex.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-#
#. .SH AUTHORS
#. .PP
#. Futexes were designed and worked on by Hubertus Franke
#. (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
#. Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat) and
#. Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
#. This page written by bert hubert.
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"This man page illustrates the most common use of the B<futex>(2) "
"primitives; it is by no means the only one."
msgstr ""
#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SEE ALSO"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<clone>(2), B<futex>(2), B<get_robust_list>(2), B<set_robust_list>(2), "
"B<set_tid_address>(2), B<pthreads>(7)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"I<Fuss, Futexes and Furwocks: Fast Userlevel Locking in Linux> (proceedings "
"of the Ottawa Linux Symposium 2002), futex example library, futex-*.tar.bz2 "
"E<.UR https://mirrors.kernel.org\\:/pub\\:/linux\\:/kernel\\:/people\\:/"
"rusty/> E<.UE .>"
msgstr ""
#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "2022-10-30"
msgstr ""
#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.03"
msgstr ""
#. type: TH
#: debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.05.01"
msgstr ""
#. type: TH
#: opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04"
msgstr ""
|
