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.TH IP\-VRF 8 "7 Dec 2016" "iproute2" "Linux"
.SH NAME
ip-vrf \- run a command against a vrf
.SH SYNOPSIS
.sp
.ad l
.in +8
.ti -8
.B ip
.B vrf
.RI " { " COMMAND " | "
.BR help " }"
.sp
.ti -8
.BR "ip vrf show"
.RI "[ " NAME " ]"
.ti -8
.BR "ip vrf identify"
.RI "[ " PID " ]"
.ti -8
.BR "ip vrf pids"
.I NAME
.ti -8
.BR "ip vrf exec "
.RI "[ " NAME " ] " command ...
.SH DESCRIPTION
A VRF provides traffic isolation at layer 3 for routing, similar to how a
VLAN is used to isolate traffic at layer 2. Fundamentally, a VRF is a separate
routing table. Network devices are associated with a VRF by enslaving the
device to the VRF. At that point network addresses assigned to the device are
local to the VRF with host and connected routes moved to the table associated
with the VRF.
A process can specify a VRF using several APIs -- binding the socket to the
VRF device using SO_BINDTODEVICE, setting the VRF association using
IP_UNICAST_IF or IPV6_UNICAST_IF, or specifying the VRF for a specific message
using IP_PKTINFO or IPV6_PKTINFO.
By default a process is not bound to any VRF. An association can be set
explicitly by making the program use one of the APIs mentioned above or
implicitly using a helper to set SO_BINDTODEVICE for all IPv4 and IPv6
sockets (AF_INET and AF_INET6) when the socket is created. This ip-vrf command
is a helper to run a command against a specific VRF with the VRF association
inherited parent to child.
.TP
.B ip vrf show [ NAME ] - Show all configured VRF
.sp
This command lists all VRF and their corresponding table ids. If NAME is
given, then only that VRF and table id is shown. The latter command is
useful for scripting where the table id for a VRF is needed.
.TP
.B ip vrf exec [ NAME ] cmd ... - Run cmd against the named VRF
.sp
This command allows applications that are VRF unaware to be run against
a VRF other than the default VRF (main table). A command can be run against
the default VRF by passing the "default" as the VRF name. This is useful if
the current shell is associated with another VRF (e.g, Management VRF).
This command requires the system to be booted with cgroup v2 (e.g. with systemd,
add systemd.unified_cgroup_hierarchy=1 to the kernel command line).
This command also requires to be run as root. Alternatively it
can be run by an unprivileged user if the following
.BR capabilities (7)
are given:
.RS
.IP \fBCAP_BPF\fP
To load the BPF program.
.IP \fBCAP_NET_ADMIN\fP
To set the socket into the cgroup.
.IP \fBCAP_DAC_OVERRIDE\fP
To create the cgroup subdir in /sys.
.RE
.IP
If these capabilities are added and if
.BR ip (8)
is built with
.BR libcap (3)
then these capabilities will be dropped before
.BR cmd
is executed by
.B ip vrf exec.
For every other unprivileged invocation of
.BR ip (8)
all capabilities will be dropped.
.br
.B NOTE:
capabilities will
.B NOT
be dropped if
.B CAP_NET_ADMIN
is set to
.B INHERITABLE
to avoid breaking programs with ambient capabilities that call ip.
.TP
.B ip vrf identify [PID] - Report VRF association for process
.sp
This command shows the VRF association of the specified process. If PID is
not specified then the id of the current process is used.
.TP
.B ip vrf pids NAME - Report processes associated with the named VRF
.sp
This command shows all process ids that are associated with the given
VRF.
.SH CAVEATS
This command requires a kernel compiled with CGROUPS and CGROUP_BPF enabled.
The VRF helper *only* affects network layer sockets.
.SH EXAMPLES
.PP
ip vrf exec red ssh 10.100.1.254
.RS
Executes ssh to 10.100.1.254 against the VRF red table.
.RE
.SH SEE ALSO
.br
.BR ip (8),
.BR ip-link (8),
.BR ip-address (8),
.BR ip-route (8),
.BR ip-neighbor (8)
.SH AUTHOR
Original Manpage by David Ahern
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