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-.\" Copyright (c) 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
-.TH ioctl_fideduperange 2 2024-03-03 "Linux man-pages 6.7"
-.SH NAME
-ioctl_fideduperange \- share some the data of one file with another file
-.SH LIBRARY
-Standard C library
-.RI ( libc ", " \-lc )
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-.BR "#include <linux/fs.h>" "      /* Definition of " FIDEDUPERANGE " and"
-.BR "                              FILE_DEDUPE_* " constants */
-.B #include <sys/ioctl.h>
-.P
-.BI "int ioctl(int " src_fd ", FIDEDUPERANGE, struct file_dedupe_range *" arg );
-.fi
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-If a filesystem supports files sharing physical storage between multiple
-files, this
-.BR ioctl (2)
-operation can be used to make some of the data in the
-.B src_fd
-file appear in the
-.B dest_fd
-file by sharing the underlying storage if the file data is identical
-("deduplication").
-Both files must reside within the same filesystem.
-This reduces storage consumption by allowing the filesystem
-to store one shared copy of the data.
-If a file write should occur to a shared
-region, the filesystem must ensure that the changes remain private to the file
-being written.
-This behavior is commonly referred to as "copy on write".
-.P
-This ioctl performs the "compare and share if identical" operation on up to
-.I src_length
-bytes from file descriptor
-.I src_fd
-at offset
-.IR src_offset .
-This information is conveyed in a structure of the following form:
-.P
-.in +4n
-.EX
-struct file_dedupe_range {
-    __u64 src_offset;
-    __u64 src_length;
-    __u16 dest_count;
-    __u16 reserved1;
-    __u32 reserved2;
-    struct file_dedupe_range_info info[0];
-};
-.EE
-.in
-.P
-Deduplication is atomic with regards to concurrent writes, so no locks need to
-be taken to obtain a consistent deduplicated copy.
-.P
-The fields
-.IR reserved1 " and " reserved2
-must be zero.
-.P
-Destinations for the deduplication operation are conveyed in the array at the
-end of the structure.
-The number of destinations is given in
-.IR dest_count ,
-and the destination information is conveyed in the following form:
-.P
-.in +4n
-.EX
-struct file_dedupe_range_info {
-    __s64 dest_fd;
-    __u64 dest_offset;
-    __u64 bytes_deduped;
-    __s32 status;
-    __u32 reserved;
-};
-.EE
-.in
-.P
-Each deduplication operation targets
-.I src_length
-bytes in file descriptor
-.I dest_fd
-at offset
-.IR dest_offset .
-The field
-.I reserved
-must be zero.
-During the call,
-.I src_fd
-must be open for reading and
-.I dest_fd
-must be open for writing.
-The combined size of the struct
-.I file_dedupe_range
-and the struct
-.I file_dedupe_range_info
-array must not exceed the system page size.
-The maximum size of
-.I src_length
-is filesystem dependent and is typically 16\~MiB.
-This limit will be enforced silently by the filesystem.
-By convention, the storage used by
-.I src_fd
-is mapped into
-.I dest_fd
-and the previous contents in
-.I dest_fd
-are freed.
-.P
-Upon successful completion of this ioctl, the number of bytes successfully
-deduplicated is returned in
-.I bytes_deduped
-and a status code for the deduplication operation is returned in
-.IR status .
-If even a single byte in the range does not match, the deduplication
-operation request will be ignored and
-.I status
-set to
-.BR FILE_DEDUPE_RANGE_DIFFERS .
-The
-.I status
-code is set to
-.B FILE_DEDUPE_RANGE_SAME
-for success, a negative error code in case of error, or
-.B FILE_DEDUPE_RANGE_DIFFERS
-if the data did not match.
-.SH RETURN VALUE
-On error, \-1 is returned, and
-.I errno
-is set to indicate the error.
-.SH ERRORS
-Possible errors include (but are not limited to) the following:
-.TP
-.B EBADF
-.I src_fd
-is not open for reading;
-.I dest_fd
-is not open for writing or is open for append-only writes; or the filesystem
-which
-.I src_fd
-resides on does not support deduplication.
-.TP
-.B EINVAL
-The filesystem does not support deduplicating the ranges of the given files.
-This error can also appear if either file descriptor represents
-a device, FIFO, or socket.
-Disk filesystems generally require the offset and length arguments
-to be aligned to the fundamental block size.
-Neither Btrfs nor XFS support
-overlapping deduplication ranges in the same file.
-.TP
-.B EISDIR
-One of the files is a directory and the filesystem does not support shared
-regions in directories.
-.TP
-.B ENOMEM
-The kernel was unable to allocate sufficient memory to perform the
-operation or
-.I dest_count
-is so large that the input argument description spans more than a single
-page of memory.
-.TP
-.B EOPNOTSUPP
-This can appear if the filesystem does not support deduplicating either file
-descriptor, or if either file descriptor refers to special inodes.
-.TP
-.B EPERM
-.I dest_fd
-is immutable.
-.TP
-.B ETXTBSY
-One of the files is a swap file.
-Swap files cannot share storage.
-.TP
-.B EXDEV
-.I dest_fd
-and
-.I src_fd
-are not on the same mounted filesystem.
-.SH VERSIONS
-Some filesystems may limit the amount of data that can be deduplicated in a
-single call.
-.SH STANDARDS
-Linux.
-.SH HISTORY
-Linux 4.5.
-.P
-It was previously known as
-.B BTRFS_IOC_FILE_EXTENT_SAME
-and was private to Btrfs.
-.SH NOTES
-Because a copy-on-write operation requires the allocation of new storage, the
-.BR fallocate (2)
-operation may unshare shared blocks to guarantee that subsequent writes will
-not fail because of lack of disk space.
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR ioctl (2)