Adding upstream version 4.3.upstream/4.3

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 1739 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Incremental.c b/Incremental.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30c07c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Incremental.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1739 @@
+/*
+ * Incremental.c - support --incremental.  Part of:
+ * mdadm - manage Linux "md" devices aka RAID arrays.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2006-2013 Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
+ *
+ *
+ *    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *    (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *    GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *
+ *    Author: Neil Brown
+ *    Email: <neilb@suse.de>
+ *    Paper: Neil Brown
+ *           Novell Inc
+ *           GPO Box Q1283
+ *           QVB Post Office, NSW 1230
+ *           Australia
+ */
+
+#include	"mdadm.h"
+#include	<sys/wait.h>
+#include	<dirent.h>
+#include	<ctype.h>
+
+static int count_active(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *sra,
+			int mdfd, char **availp,
+			struct mdinfo *info);
+static void find_reject(int mdfd, struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *sra,
+			int number, __u64 events, int verbose,
+			char *array_name);
+static int try_spare(char *devname, int *dfdp, struct dev_policy *pol,
+		     struct map_ent *target,
+		     struct supertype *st, int verbose);
+
+static int Incremental_container(struct supertype *st, char *devname,
+				 struct context *c, char *only);
+
+int Incremental(struct mddev_dev *devlist, struct context *c,
+		struct supertype *st)
+{
+	/* Add this device to an array, creating the array if necessary
+	 * and starting the array if sensible or - if runstop>0 - if possible.
+	 *
+	 * This has several steps:
+	 *
+	 * 1/ Check if device is permitted by mdadm.conf, reject if not.
+	 * 2/ Find metadata, reject if none appropriate (check
+	 *       version/name from args)
+	 * 3/ Check if there is a match in mdadm.conf
+	 * 3a/ if not, check for homehost match.  If no match, assemble as
+	 *    a 'foreign' array.
+	 * 4/ Determine device number.
+	 * - If in mdadm.conf with std name, use that
+	 * - UUID in /var/run/mdadm.map  use that
+	 * - If name is suggestive, use that. unless in use with different uuid.
+	 * - Choose a free, high number.
+	 * - Use a partitioned device unless strong suggestion not to.
+	 *         e.g. auto=md
+	 *   Don't choose partitioned for containers.
+	 * 5/ Find out if array already exists
+	 * 5a/ if it does not
+	 * - choose a name, from mdadm.conf or 'name' field in array.
+	 * - create the array
+	 * - add the device
+	 * 5b/ if it does
+	 * - check one drive in array to make sure metadata is a reasonably
+	 *       close match.  Reject if not (e.g. different type)
+	 * - add the device
+	 * 6/ Make sure /var/run/mdadm.map contains this array.
+	 * 7/ Is there enough devices to possibly start the array?
+	 *     For a container, this means running Incremental_container.
+	 * 7a/ if not, finish with success.
+	 * 7b/ if yes,
+	 * - read all metadata and arrange devices like -A does
+	 * - if number of OK devices match expected, or -R and there are enough,
+	 *   start the array (auto-readonly).
+	 */
+	dev_t rdev, rdev2;
+	struct mdinfo info, dinfo;
+	struct mdinfo *sra = NULL, *d;
+	struct mddev_ident *match;
+	char chosen_name[1024];
+	char *md_devname;
+	int rv = 1;
+	struct map_ent *mp, *map = NULL;
+	int dfd = -1, mdfd = -1;
+	char *avail = NULL;
+	int active_disks;
+	int trustworthy;
+	char *name_to_use;
+	struct dev_policy *policy = NULL;
+	struct map_ent target_array;
+	int have_target;
+	char *devname = devlist->devname;
+	int journal_device_missing = 0;
+
+	struct createinfo *ci = conf_get_create_info();
+
+	if (!stat_is_blkdev(devname, &rdev))
+		return rv;
+	dfd = dev_open(devname, O_RDONLY);
+	if (dfd < 0) {
+		if (c->verbose >= 0)
+			pr_err("cannot open %s: %s.\n",
+				devname, strerror(errno));
+		return rv;
+	}
+	/* If the device is a container, we do something very different */
+	if (must_be_container(dfd)) {
+		if (!st)
+			st = super_by_fd(dfd, NULL);
+		if (st && st->ss->load_container)
+			rv = st->ss->load_container(st, dfd, NULL);
+
+		close(dfd);
+		if (!rv && st->ss->container_content) {
+			if (map_lock(&map))
+				pr_err("failed to get exclusive lock on mapfile\n");
+			if (c->export)
+				printf("MD_DEVNAME=%s\n", devname);
+			rv = Incremental_container(st, devname, c, NULL);
+			map_unlock(&map);
+			return rv;
+		}
+
+		pr_err("%s is not part of an md array.\n",
+			devname);
+		return rv;
+	}
+
+	/* 1/ Check if device is permitted by mdadm.conf */
+
+	for (;devlist; devlist = devlist->next)
+		if (conf_test_dev(devlist->devname))
+			break;
+	if (!devlist) {
+		devlist = conf_get_devs();
+		for (;devlist; devlist = devlist->next) {
+			if (stat_is_blkdev(devlist->devname, &rdev2) &&
+			    rdev2 == rdev)
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+	if (!devlist) {
+		if (c->verbose >= 0)
+			pr_err("%s not permitted by mdadm.conf.\n",
+			       devname);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/* 2/ Find metadata, reject if none appropriate (check
+	 *            version/name from args) */
+
+	if (!fstat_is_blkdev(dfd, devname, &rdev))
+		goto out;
+
+	dinfo.disk.major = major(rdev);
+	dinfo.disk.minor = minor(rdev);
+
+	policy = disk_policy(&dinfo);
+	have_target = policy_check_path(&dinfo, &target_array);
+
+	if (st == NULL && (st = guess_super_type(dfd, guess_array)) == NULL) {
+		if (c->verbose >= 0)
+			pr_err("no recognisable superblock on %s.\n",
+			       devname);
+		rv = try_spare(devname, &dfd, policy,
+			       have_target ? &target_array : NULL,
+			       NULL, c->verbose);
+		goto out;
+	}
+	st->ignore_hw_compat = 0;
+
+	if (st->ss->compare_super == NULL ||
+	    st->ss->load_super(st, dfd, c->verbose >= 0 ? devname : NULL)) {
+		if (c->verbose >= 0)
+			pr_err("no RAID superblock on %s.\n",
+				devname);
+		rv = try_spare(devname, &dfd, policy,
+			       have_target ? &target_array : NULL,
+			       st, c->verbose);
+		free(st);
+		goto out;
+	}
+	close (dfd); dfd = -1;
+
+	st->ss->getinfo_super(st, &info, NULL);
+
+	/* 3/ Check if there is a match in mdadm.conf */
+	match = conf_match(st, &info, devname, c->verbose, &rv);
+	if (!match && rv == 2)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (match && match->devname && is_devname_ignore(match->devname) == true) {
+		if (c->verbose >= 0)
+			pr_err("array containing %s is explicitly ignored by mdadm.conf\n",
+				devname);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/* 3a/ if not, check for homehost match.  If no match, continue
+	 * but don't trust the 'name' in the array. Thus a 'random' minor
+	 * number will be assigned, and the device name will be based
+	 * on that. */
+	if (match)
+		trustworthy = LOCAL;
+	else if (st->ss->match_home(st, c->homehost) == 1)
+		trustworthy = LOCAL;
+	else if (st->ss->match_home(st, "any") == 1)
+		trustworthy = LOCAL_ANY;
+	else
+		trustworthy = FOREIGN;
+
+	if (!match && !conf_test_metadata(st->ss->name, policy,
+					  (trustworthy == LOCAL))) {
+		if (c->verbose >= 1)
+			pr_err("%s has metadata type %s for which auto-assembly is disabled\n",
+			       devname, st->ss->name);
+		goto out;
+	}
+	if (trustworthy == LOCAL_ANY)
+		trustworthy = LOCAL;
+
+	/* There are three possible sources for 'autof':  command line,
+	 * ARRAY line in mdadm.conf, or CREATE line in mdadm.conf.
+	 * ARRAY takes precedence, then command line, then
+	 * CREATE.
+	 */
+	if (match && match->autof)
+		c->autof = match->autof;
+	if (c->autof == 0)
+		c->autof = ci->autof;
+
+	name_to_use = info.name;
+	if (name_to_use[0] == 0 && is_container(info.array.level)) {
+		name_to_use = info.text_version;
+		trustworthy = METADATA;
+	}
+	if (name_to_use[0] && trustworthy != LOCAL &&
+	    ! c->require_homehost &&
+	    conf_name_is_free(name_to_use))
+		trustworthy = LOCAL;
+
+	/* strip "hostname:" prefix from name if we have decided
+	 * to treat it as LOCAL
+	 */
+	if (trustworthy == LOCAL && strchr(name_to_use, ':') != NULL)
+		name_to_use = strchr(name_to_use, ':')+1;
+
+	/* 4/ Check if array exists.
+	 */
+	if (map_lock(&map))
+		pr_err("failed to get exclusive lock on mapfile\n");
+	/* Now check we can get O_EXCL.  If not, probably "mdadm -A" has
+	 * taken over
+	 */
+	dfd = dev_open(devname, O_RDONLY|O_EXCL);
+	if (dfd < 0) {
+		if (c->verbose >= 0)
+			pr_err("cannot reopen %s: %s.\n",
+				devname, strerror(errno));
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+	/* Cannot hold it open while we add the device to the array,
+	 * so we must release the O_EXCL and depend on the map_lock()
+	 * So now is the best time to remove any partitions.
+	 */
+	remove_partitions(dfd);
+	close(dfd);
+	dfd = -1;
+
+	mp = map_by_uuid(&map, info.uuid);
+	if (mp)
+		mdfd = open_dev(mp->devnm);
+	else
+		mdfd = -1;
+
+	if (mdfd < 0) {
+
+		/* Skip the clustered ones. This should be started by
+		 * clustering resource agents
+		 */
+		if (info.array.state & (1 << MD_SB_CLUSTERED))
+			goto out;
+
+		/* Couldn't find an existing array, maybe make a new one */
+		mdfd = create_mddev(match ? match->devname : NULL,
+				    name_to_use, c->autof, trustworthy, chosen_name, 0);
+
+		if (mdfd < 0)
+			goto out_unlock;
+
+		if (sysfs_init(&info, mdfd, NULL)) {
+			pr_err("unable to initialize sysfs for %s\n",
+			       chosen_name);
+			rv = 2;
+			goto out_unlock;
+		}
+
+		if (set_array_info(mdfd, st, &info) != 0) {
+			pr_err("failed to set array info for %s: %s\n",
+				chosen_name, strerror(errno));
+			rv = 2;
+			goto out_unlock;
+		}
+
+		dinfo = info;
+		dinfo.disk.major = major(rdev);
+		dinfo.disk.minor = minor(rdev);
+		if (add_disk(mdfd, st, &info, &dinfo) != 0) {
+			pr_err("failed to add %s to new array %s: %s.\n",
+				devname, chosen_name, strerror(errno));
+			ioctl(mdfd, STOP_ARRAY, 0);
+			rv = 2;
+			goto out_unlock;
+		}
+		sra = sysfs_read(mdfd, NULL, (GET_DEVS | GET_STATE |
+					      GET_OFFSET | GET_SIZE));
+
+		if (!sra || !sra->devs || sra->devs->disk.raid_disk >= 0) {
+			/* It really should be 'none' - must be old buggy
+			 * kernel, and mdadm -I may not be able to complete.
+			 * So reject it.
+			 */
+			ioctl(mdfd, STOP_ARRAY, NULL);
+			pr_err("You have an old buggy kernel which cannot support\n      --incremental reliably.  Aborting.\n");
+			rv = 2;
+			goto out_unlock;
+		}
+		info.array.working_disks = 1;
+		/* 6/ Make sure /var/run/mdadm.map contains this array. */
+		map_update(&map, fd2devnm(mdfd),
+			   info.text_version,
+			   info.uuid, chosen_name);
+	} else {
+	/* 5b/ if it does */
+	/* - check one drive in array to make sure metadata is a reasonably */
+	/*        close match.  Reject if not (e.g. different type) */
+	/* - add the device */
+		char dn[20];
+		int dfd2;
+		int err;
+		struct supertype *st2;
+		struct mdinfo info2, *d;
+
+		sra = sysfs_read(mdfd, NULL, (GET_DEVS | GET_STATE |
+					    GET_OFFSET | GET_SIZE));
+
+		if (mp->path)
+			strcpy(chosen_name, mp->path);
+		else
+			strcpy(chosen_name, mp->devnm);
+
+		/* It is generally not OK to add non-spare drives to a
+		 * running array as they are probably missing because
+		 * they failed.  However if runstop is 1, then the
+		 * array was possibly started early and our best bet is
+		 * to add this anyway.
+		 * Also if action policy is re-add or better we allow
+		 * re-add.
+		 * This doesn't apply to containers as the 'non-spare'
+		 * flag has a different meaning.  The test has to happen
+		 * at the device level there
+		 */
+		if (!st->ss->external &&
+		    (info.disk.state & (1 << MD_DISK_SYNC)) != 0 &&
+		    !policy_action_allows(policy, st->ss->name, act_re_add) &&
+		    c->runstop < 1) {
+			if (md_array_active(mdfd)) {
+				pr_err("not adding %s to active array (without --run) %s\n",
+				       devname, chosen_name);
+				rv = 2;
+				goto out_unlock;
+			}
+		}
+		if (!sra) {
+			rv = 2;
+			goto out_unlock;
+		}
+		if (sra->devs) {
+			sprintf(dn, "%d:%d", sra->devs->disk.major,
+				sra->devs->disk.minor);
+			dfd2 = dev_open(dn, O_RDONLY);
+			if (dfd2 < 0) {
+				pr_err("unable to open %s\n", devname);
+				rv = 2;
+				goto out_unlock;
+			}
+			st2 = dup_super(st);
+			if (st2->ss->load_super(st2, dfd2, NULL) ||
+			    st->ss->compare_super(st, st2, 1) != 0) {
+				pr_err("metadata mismatch between %s and chosen array %s\n",
+				       devname, chosen_name);
+				close(dfd2);
+				rv = 2;
+				goto out_unlock;
+			}
+			close(dfd2);
+			st2->ss->getinfo_super(st2, &info2, NULL);
+			st2->ss->free_super(st2);
+			if (info.array.level != info2.array.level ||
+			    memcmp(info.uuid, info2.uuid, 16) != 0 ||
+			    info.array.raid_disks != info2.array.raid_disks) {
+				pr_err("unexpected difference between %s and %s.\n",
+				       chosen_name, devname);
+				rv = 2;
+				goto out_unlock;
+			}
+		}
+		info.disk.major = major(rdev);
+		info.disk.minor = minor(rdev);
+		/* add disk needs to know about containers */
+		if (st->ss->external)
+			sra->array.level = LEVEL_CONTAINER;
+
+		if (info.array.state & (1 << MD_SB_CLUSTERED))
+			info.disk.state |= (1 << MD_DISK_CLUSTER_ADD);
+
+		err = add_disk(mdfd, st, sra, &info);
+		if (err < 0 && errno == EBUSY) {
+			/* could be another device present with the same
+			 * disk.number. Find and reject any such
+			 */
+			find_reject(mdfd, st, sra, info.disk.number,
+				    info.events, c->verbose, chosen_name);
+			err = add_disk(mdfd, st, sra, &info);
+		}
+		if (err < 0 && errno == EINVAL &&
+		    info.disk.state & (1<<MD_DISK_SYNC)) {
+			/* Maybe it needs to be added as a spare */
+			if (policy_action_allows(policy, st->ss->name,
+						 act_force_spare)) {
+				info.disk.state &= ~(1<<MD_DISK_SYNC);
+				err = add_disk(mdfd, st, sra, &info);
+			} else
+				if (c->verbose >= 0)
+					pr_err("can only add %s to %s as a spare, and force-spare is not set.\n",
+					       devname, chosen_name);
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			pr_err("failed to add %s to existing array %s: %s.\n",
+				devname, chosen_name, strerror(errno));
+			rv = 2;
+			goto out_unlock;
+		}
+		info.array.working_disks = 0;
+		for (d = sra->devs; d; d=d->next)
+			info.array.working_disks ++;
+
+	}
+	if (strncmp(chosen_name, DEV_MD_DIR, DEV_MD_DIR_LEN) == 0)
+		md_devname = chosen_name + DEV_MD_DIR_LEN;
+	else
+		md_devname = chosen_name;
+	if (c->export) {
+		printf("MD_DEVICE=%s\n", fd2devnm(mdfd));
+		printf("MD_DEVNAME=%s\n", md_devname);
+		printf("MD_FOREIGN=%s\n", trustworthy == FOREIGN ? "yes" : "no");
+	}
+
+	/* 7/ Is there enough devices to possibly start the array? */
+	/* 7a/ if not, finish with success. */
+	if (is_container(info.array.level)) {
+		char devnm[32];
+		/* Try to assemble within the container */
+		sysfs_uevent(sra, "change");
+		if (!c->export && c->verbose >= 0)
+			pr_err("container %s now has %d device%s\n",
+			       chosen_name, info.array.working_disks,
+			       info.array.working_disks == 1?"":"s");
+		sysfs_rules_apply(chosen_name, &info);
+		wait_for(chosen_name, mdfd);
+		if (st->ss->external)
+			strcpy(devnm, fd2devnm(mdfd));
+		if (st->ss->load_container)
+			rv = st->ss->load_container(st, mdfd, NULL);
+		close(mdfd);
+		sysfs_free(sra);
+		if (!rv)
+			rv = Incremental_container(st, chosen_name, c, NULL);
+		map_unlock(&map);
+		/* after spare is added, ping monitor for external metadata
+		 * so that it can eg. try to rebuild degraded array */
+		if (st->ss->external)
+			ping_monitor(devnm);
+		return rv;
+	}
+
+	/* We have added something to the array, so need to re-read the
+	 * state.  Eventually this state should be kept up-to-date as
+	 * things change.
+	 */
+	sysfs_free(sra);
+	sra = sysfs_read(mdfd, NULL, (GET_DEVS | GET_STATE |
+				    GET_OFFSET | GET_SIZE));
+	active_disks = count_active(st, sra, mdfd, &avail, &info);
+
+	if (!avail)
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	journal_device_missing = (info.journal_device_required) && (info.journal_clean == 0);
+
+	if (info.consistency_policy == CONSISTENCY_POLICY_PPL)
+		info.array.state |= 1;
+
+	if (enough(info.array.level, info.array.raid_disks,
+		   info.array.layout, info.array.state & 1, avail) == 0) {
+		if (c->export) {
+			printf("MD_STARTED=no\n");
+		} else if (c->verbose >= 0)
+			pr_err("%s attached to %s, not enough to start (%d).\n",
+			       devname, chosen_name, active_disks);
+		rv = 0;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	/* 7b/ if yes, */
+	/* - if number of OK devices match expected, or -R and there */
+	/*             are enough, */
+	/*   + add any bitmap file  */
+	/*   + start the array (auto-readonly). */
+
+	if (md_array_active(mdfd)) {
+		if (c->export) {
+			printf("MD_STARTED=already\n");
+		} else if (c->verbose >= 0)
+			pr_err("%s attached to %s which is already active.\n",
+			       devname, chosen_name);
+		rv = 0;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	map_unlock(&map);
+	if (c->runstop > 0 || (!journal_device_missing && active_disks >= info.array.working_disks)) {
+		struct mdinfo *dsk;
+		/* Let's try to start it */
+
+		if (journal_device_missing)
+			pr_err("Trying to run with missing journal device\n");
+		if (info.reshape_active && !(info.reshape_active & RESHAPE_NO_BACKUP)) {
+			pr_err("%s: This array is being reshaped and cannot be started\n",
+			       chosen_name);
+			cont_err("by --incremental.  Please use --assemble\n");
+			goto out;
+		}
+		if (match && match->bitmap_file) {
+			int bmfd = open(match->bitmap_file, O_RDWR);
+			if (bmfd < 0) {
+				pr_err("Could not open bitmap file %s.\n",
+				       match->bitmap_file);
+				goto out;
+			}
+			if (ioctl(mdfd, SET_BITMAP_FILE, bmfd) != 0) {
+				close(bmfd);
+				pr_err("Failed to set bitmapfile for %s.\n",
+				       chosen_name);
+				goto out;
+			}
+			close(bmfd);
+		}
+		/* Need to remove from the array any devices which
+		 * 'count_active' discerned were too old or inappropriate
+		 */
+		for (d = sra ? sra->devs : NULL ; d ; d = d->next)
+			if (d->disk.state & (1<<MD_DISK_REMOVED))
+				remove_disk(mdfd, st, sra, d);
+
+		if ((sra == NULL || active_disks >= info.array.working_disks) &&
+		    trustworthy != FOREIGN)
+			rv = ioctl(mdfd, RUN_ARRAY, NULL);
+		else
+			rv = sysfs_set_str(sra, NULL,
+					   "array_state", "read-auto");
+		/* Array might be O_EXCL which  will interfere with
+		 * fsck and mount.  So re-open without O_EXCL.
+		 */
+		reopen_mddev(mdfd);
+		if (rv == 0) {
+			if (c->export) {
+				printf("MD_STARTED=yes\n");
+			} else if (c->verbose >= 0)
+				pr_err("%s attached to %s, which has been started.\n",
+				       devname, chosen_name);
+			rv = 0;
+			wait_for(chosen_name, mdfd);
+			/* We just started the array, so some devices
+			 * might have been evicted from the array
+			 * because their event counts were too old.
+			 * If the action=re-add policy is in-force for
+			 * those devices we should re-add them now.
+			 */
+			for (dsk = sra->devs; dsk ; dsk = dsk->next) {
+				if (disk_action_allows(dsk, st->ss->name,
+						       act_re_add) &&
+				    add_disk(mdfd, st, sra, dsk) == 0)
+					pr_err("%s re-added to %s\n",
+					       dsk->sys_name, chosen_name);
+			}
+		} else {
+			pr_err("%s attached to %s, but failed to start: %s.\n",
+			       devname, chosen_name, strerror(errno));
+			rv = 1;
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (c->export) {
+			printf("MD_STARTED=unsafe\n");
+		} else if (journal_device_missing) {
+			pr_err("Journal device is missing, not safe to start yet.\n");
+		} else if (c->verbose >= 0)
+			pr_err("%s attached to %s, not enough to start safely.\n",
+			       devname, chosen_name);
+		rv = 0;
+	}
+out:
+	free(avail);
+	if (dfd >= 0)
+		close(dfd);
+	if (mdfd >= 0)
+		close(mdfd);
+	if (policy)
+		dev_policy_free(policy);
+	sysfs_free(sra);
+	return rv;
+out_unlock:
+	map_unlock(&map);
+	goto out;
+}
+
+static void find_reject(int mdfd, struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *sra,
+			int number, __u64 events, int verbose,
+			char *array_name)
+{
+	/* Find a device attached to this array with a disk.number of number
+	 * and events less than the passed events, and remove the device.
+	 */
+	struct mdinfo *d;
+
+	if (md_array_active(mdfd))
+		return; /* not safe to remove from active arrays
+			 * without thinking more */
+
+	for (d = sra->devs; d ; d = d->next) {
+		char dn[24]; // 2*11 bytes for ints (including sign) + colon + null byte
+		int dfd;
+		struct mdinfo info;
+		sprintf(dn, "%d:%d", d->disk.major, d->disk.minor);
+		dfd = dev_open(dn, O_RDONLY);
+		if (dfd < 0)
+			continue;
+		if (st->ss->load_super(st, dfd, NULL)) {
+			close(dfd);
+			continue;
+		}
+		st->ss->getinfo_super(st, &info, NULL);
+		st->ss->free_super(st);
+		close(dfd);
+
+		if (info.disk.number != number || info.events >= events)
+			continue;
+
+		if (d->disk.raid_disk > -1)
+			sysfs_set_str(sra, d, "slot", STR_COMMON_NONE);
+		if (sysfs_set_str(sra, d, "state", "remove") == 0)
+			if (verbose >= 0)
+				pr_err("removing old device %s from %s\n",
+				       d->sys_name+4, array_name);
+	}
+}
+
+static int count_active(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *sra,
+			int mdfd, char **availp,
+			struct mdinfo *bestinfo)
+{
+	/* count how many devices in sra think they are active */
+	struct mdinfo *d;
+	int cnt = 0;
+	int replcnt = 0;
+	__u64 max_events = 0;
+	__u64 max_journal_events = 0;
+	char *avail = NULL;
+	int *best = NULL;
+	char *devmap = NULL;
+	int numdevs = 0;
+	int devnum;
+	int b, i;
+	int raid_disks = 0;
+
+	if (!sra)
+		return 0;
+
+	for (d = sra->devs ; d ; d = d->next)
+		numdevs++;
+	for (d = sra->devs, devnum = 0 ; d ; d = d->next, devnum++) {
+		char dn[30];
+		int dfd;
+		int ok;
+		struct mdinfo info;
+
+		sprintf(dn, "%d:%d", d->disk.major, d->disk.minor);
+		dfd = dev_open(dn, O_RDONLY);
+		if (dfd < 0)
+			continue;
+		ok =  st->ss->load_super(st, dfd, NULL);
+		close(dfd);
+		if (ok != 0)
+			continue;
+
+		info.array.raid_disks = raid_disks;
+		st->ss->getinfo_super(st, &info, devmap + raid_disks * devnum);
+		if (info.disk.raid_disk == MD_DISK_ROLE_JOURNAL &&
+		    info.events > max_journal_events)
+			max_journal_events = info.events;
+		if (!avail) {
+			raid_disks = info.array.raid_disks;
+			avail = xcalloc(raid_disks, 1);
+			*availp = avail;
+
+			best = xcalloc(raid_disks, sizeof(int));
+			devmap = xcalloc(raid_disks, numdevs);
+
+			st->ss->getinfo_super(st, &info, devmap);
+		}
+
+		if (info.disk.state & (1<<MD_DISK_SYNC))
+		{
+			if (cnt == 0) {
+				cnt++;
+				max_events = info.events;
+				avail[info.disk.raid_disk] = 2;
+				best[info.disk.raid_disk] = devnum;
+				st->ss->getinfo_super(st, bestinfo, NULL);
+			} else if (info.events == max_events) {
+				avail[info.disk.raid_disk] = 2;
+				best[info.disk.raid_disk] = devnum;
+			} else if (info.events == max_events-1) {
+				if (avail[info.disk.raid_disk] == 0) {
+					avail[info.disk.raid_disk] = 1;
+					best[info.disk.raid_disk] = devnum;
+				}
+			} else if (info.events < max_events - 1)
+				;
+			else if (info.events == max_events+1) {
+				int i;
+				max_events = info.events;
+				for (i = 0; i < raid_disks; i++)
+					if (avail[i])
+						avail[i]--;
+				avail[info.disk.raid_disk] = 2;
+				best[info.disk.raid_disk] = devnum;
+				st->ss->getinfo_super(st, bestinfo, NULL);
+			} else { /* info.events much bigger */
+				memset(avail, 0, raid_disks);
+				max_events = info.events;
+				avail[info.disk.raid_disk] = 2;
+				best[info.disk.raid_disk] = devnum;
+				st->ss->getinfo_super(st, bestinfo, NULL);
+			}
+		} else if (info.disk.state & (1<<MD_DISK_REPLACEMENT))
+			replcnt++;
+		st->ss->free_super(st);
+	}
+	if (max_journal_events >= max_events - 1)
+		bestinfo->journal_clean = 1;
+
+	if (!avail)
+		return 0;
+	/* We need to reject any device that thinks the best device is
+	 * failed or missing */
+	for (b = 0; b < raid_disks; b++)
+		if (avail[b] == 2)
+			break;
+	cnt = 0;
+	for (i = 0 ; i < raid_disks ; i++) {
+		if (i != b && avail[i])
+			if (devmap[raid_disks * best[i] + b] == 0) {
+				/* This device thinks 'b' is failed -
+				 * don't use it */
+				devnum = best[i];
+				for (d=sra->devs ; devnum; d = d->next)
+					devnum--;
+				d->disk.state |= (1 << MD_DISK_REMOVED);
+				avail[i] = 0;
+			}
+		if (avail[i])
+			cnt++;
+	}
+	/* Also need to reject any spare device with an event count that
+	 * is too high
+	 */
+	for (d = sra->devs; d; d = d->next) {
+		if (!(d->disk.state & (1<<MD_DISK_SYNC)) &&
+		    d->events > max_events)
+			d->disk.state |= (1 << MD_DISK_REMOVED);
+	}
+	free(best);
+	free(devmap);
+	return cnt + replcnt;
+}
+
+/* test if container has degraded member(s) */
+static int
+container_members_max_degradation(struct map_ent *map, struct map_ent *me)
+{
+	struct mdinfo *sra;
+	int degraded, max_degraded = 0;
+
+	for(; map; map = map->next) {
+		if (!metadata_container_matches(map->metadata, me->devnm))
+			continue;
+		/* most accurate information regarding array degradation */
+		sra = sysfs_read(-1, map->devnm,
+				 GET_DISKS | GET_DEVS | GET_STATE);
+		if (!sra)
+			continue;
+		degraded = sra->array.raid_disks - sra->array.active_disks -
+			sra->array.spare_disks;
+		if (degraded > max_degraded)
+			max_degraded = degraded;
+		sysfs_free(sra);
+	}
+
+	return max_degraded;
+}
+
+static int array_try_spare(char *devname, int *dfdp, struct dev_policy *pol,
+			   struct map_ent *target, int bare,
+			   struct supertype *st, int verbose)
+{
+	/* This device doesn't have any md metadata
+	 * The device policy allows 'spare' and if !bare, it allows spare-same-slot.
+	 * If 'st' is not set, then we only know that some metadata allows this,
+	 * others possibly don't.
+	 * So look for a container or array to attach the device to.
+	 * Prefer 'target' if that is set and the array is found.
+	 *
+	 * If st is set, then only arrays of that type are considered
+	 * Return 0 on success, or some exit code on failure, probably 1.
+	 */
+	int rv = 1;
+	dev_t rdev;
+	struct map_ent *mp, *map = NULL;
+	struct mdinfo *chosen = NULL;
+	int dfd = *dfdp;
+
+	if (!fstat_is_blkdev(dfd, devname, &rdev))
+		return 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Now we need to find a suitable array to add this to.
+	 * We only accept arrays that:
+	 *  - match 'st'
+	 *  - are in the same domains as the device
+	 *  - are of an size for which the device will be useful
+	 * and we choose the one that is the most degraded
+	 */
+
+	if (map_lock(&map)) {
+		pr_err("failed to get exclusive lock on mapfile\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+	for (mp = map ; mp ; mp = mp->next) {
+		struct supertype *st2;
+		struct domainlist *dl = NULL;
+		struct mdinfo *sra;
+		unsigned long long devsize, freesize = 0;
+		struct spare_criteria sc = {0, 0};
+
+		if (is_subarray(mp->metadata))
+			continue;
+		if (st) {
+			st2 = st->ss->match_metadata_desc(mp->metadata);
+			if (!st2 ||
+			    (st->minor_version >= 0 &&
+			     st->minor_version != st2->minor_version)) {
+				if (verbose > 1)
+					pr_err("not adding %s to %s as metadata type doesn't match\n",
+						devname, mp->path);
+				free(st2);
+				continue;
+			}
+			free(st2);
+		}
+		sra = sysfs_read(-1, mp->devnm,
+				 GET_DEVS|GET_OFFSET|GET_SIZE|GET_STATE|
+				 GET_COMPONENT|GET_VERSION);
+		if (sra)
+			sra->array.failed_disks = -1;
+		else
+			continue;
+		if (st == NULL) {
+			int i;
+			st2 = NULL;
+			for(i = 0; !st2 && superlist[i]; i++)
+				st2 = superlist[i]->match_metadata_desc(
+					sra->text_version);
+			if (!st2) {
+				if (verbose > 1)
+					pr_err("not adding %s to %s as metadata not recognised.\n",
+						devname, mp->path);
+				goto next;
+			}
+			/* Need to double check the 'act_spare' permissions applies
+			 * to this metadata.
+			 */
+			if (!policy_action_allows(pol, st2->ss->name, act_spare))
+				goto next;
+			if (!bare && !policy_action_allows(pol, st2->ss->name,
+							   act_spare_same_slot))
+				goto next;
+		} else
+			st2 = st;
+		/* update number of failed disks for mostly degraded
+		 * container member */
+		if (sra->array.failed_disks == -1)
+			sra->array.failed_disks = container_members_max_degradation(map, mp);
+
+		get_dev_size(dfd, NULL, &devsize);
+		if (sra->component_size == 0) {
+			/* true for containers, here we must read superblock
+			 * to obtain minimum spare size */
+			struct supertype *st3 = dup_super(st2);
+			int mdfd = open_dev(mp->devnm);
+			if (mdfd < 0) {
+				free(st3);
+				goto next;
+			}
+			if (st3->ss->load_container &&
+			    !st3->ss->load_container(st3, mdfd, mp->path)) {
+				if (st3->ss->get_spare_criteria)
+					st3->ss->get_spare_criteria(st3, &sc);
+				st3->ss->free_super(st3);
+			}
+			free(st3);
+			close(mdfd);
+		}
+		if ((sra->component_size > 0 &&
+		     st2->ss->validate_geometry(st2, sra->array.level, sra->array.layout,
+						sra->array.raid_disks, &sra->array.chunk_size,
+						sra->component_size,
+						sra->devs ? sra->devs->data_offset : INVALID_SECTORS,
+						devname, &freesize, sra->consistency_policy,
+						0) &&
+		     freesize < sra->component_size) ||
+		    (sra->component_size == 0 && devsize < sc.min_size)) {
+			if (verbose > 1)
+				pr_err("not adding %s to %s as it is too small\n",
+					devname, mp->path);
+			goto next;
+		}
+		/* test against target.
+		 * If 'target' is set and 'bare' is false, we only accept
+		 * arrays/containers that match 'target'.
+		 * If 'target' is set and 'bare' is true, we prefer the
+		 * array which matches 'target'.
+		 * target is considered only if we deal with degraded array
+		 */
+		if (target && policy_action_allows(pol, st2->ss->name,
+						   act_spare_same_slot)) {
+			if (strcmp(target->metadata, mp->metadata) == 0 &&
+			    memcmp(target->uuid, mp->uuid,
+				   sizeof(target->uuid)) == 0 &&
+			    sra->array.failed_disks > 0) {
+				/* This is our target!! */
+				sysfs_free(chosen);
+				chosen = sra;
+				sra = NULL;
+				/* skip to end so we don't check any more */
+				while (mp->next)
+					mp = mp->next;
+				goto next;
+			}
+			/* not our target */
+			if (!bare)
+				goto next;
+		}
+
+		dl = domain_from_array(sra, st2->ss->name);
+		if (domain_test(dl, pol, st2->ss->name) != 1) {
+			/* domain test fails */
+			if (verbose > 1)
+				pr_err("not adding %s to %s as it is not in a compatible domain\n",
+					devname, mp->path);
+
+			goto next;
+		}
+		/* all tests passed, OK to add to this array */
+		if (!chosen) {
+			chosen = sra;
+			sra = NULL;
+		} else if (chosen->array.failed_disks < sra->array.failed_disks) {
+			sysfs_free(chosen);
+			chosen = sra;
+			sra = NULL;
+		}
+	next:
+		sysfs_free(sra);
+		if (st != st2)
+			free(st2);
+		if (dl)
+			domain_free(dl);
+	}
+	if (chosen) {
+		/* add current device to chosen array as a spare */
+		int mdfd = open_dev(chosen->sys_name);
+		if (mdfd >= 0) {
+			struct mddev_dev devlist;
+			char chosen_devname[24]; // 2*11 for int (including signs) + colon + null
+			devlist.next = NULL;
+			devlist.used = 0;
+			devlist.writemostly = FlagDefault;
+			devlist.failfast = FlagDefault;
+			devlist.devname = chosen_devname;
+			sprintf(chosen_devname, "%d:%d", major(rdev),
+				minor(rdev));
+			devlist.disposition = 'a';
+			close(dfd);
+			*dfdp = -1;
+			rv =  Manage_subdevs(chosen->sys_name, mdfd, &devlist,
+					     -1, 0, UOPT_UNDEFINED, 0);
+			close(mdfd);
+		}
+		if (verbose > 0) {
+			if (rv == 0)
+				pr_err("added %s as spare for %s\n",
+					devname, chosen->sys_name);
+			else
+				pr_err("failed to add %s as spare for %s\n",
+					devname, chosen->sys_name);
+		}
+		sysfs_free(chosen);
+	}
+	map_unlock(&map);
+	return rv;
+}
+
+static int partition_try_spare(char *devname, int *dfdp, struct dev_policy *pol,
+			       struct supertype *st, int verbose)
+{
+	/* we know that at least one partition virtual-metadata is
+	 * allowed to incorporate spares like this device.  We need to
+	 * find a suitable device to copy partition information from.
+	 *
+	 * Getting a list of all disk (not partition) devices is
+	 * slightly non-trivial.  We could look at /sys/block, but
+	 * that is theoretically due to be removed.  Maybe best to use
+	 * /dev/disk/by-path/?* and ignore names ending '-partNN' as
+	 * we depend on this directory of 'path' info.  But that fails
+	 * to find loop devices and probably others.  Maybe don't
+	 * worry about that, they aren't the real target.
+	 *
+	 * So: check things in /dev/disk/by-path to see if they are in
+	 * a compatible domain, then load the partition table and see
+	 * if it is OK for the new device, and choose the largest
+	 * partition table that fits.
+	 */
+	DIR *dir;
+	struct dirent *de;
+	char *chosen = NULL;
+	unsigned long long chosen_size = 0;
+	struct supertype *chosen_st = NULL;
+	int fd;
+
+	dir = opendir("/dev/disk/by-path");
+	if (!dir)
+		return 1;
+	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+		char *ep;
+		struct dev_policy *pol2 = NULL;
+		struct domainlist *domlist = NULL;
+		int fd = -1;
+		struct mdinfo info;
+		struct supertype *st2 = NULL;
+		char *devname = NULL;
+		unsigned long long devsectors;
+		char *pathlist[2];
+
+		if (de->d_ino == 0 || de->d_name[0] == '.' ||
+		    (de->d_type != DT_LNK && de->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN))
+			goto next;
+
+		ep = de->d_name + strlen(de->d_name);
+		while (ep > de->d_name &&
+		       isdigit(ep[-1]))
+			ep--;
+		if (ep > de->d_name + 5 &&
+		    strncmp(ep-5, "-part", 5) == 0)
+			/* This is a partition - skip it */
+			goto next;
+
+		pathlist[0] = de->d_name;
+		pathlist[1] = NULL;
+		pol2 = path_policy(pathlist, type_disk);
+
+		domain_merge(&domlist, pol2, st ? st->ss->name : NULL);
+		if (domain_test(domlist, pol, st ? st->ss->name : NULL) != 1)
+			/* new device is incompatible with this device. */
+			goto next;
+
+		domain_free(domlist);
+		domlist = NULL;
+
+		if (asprintf(&devname, "/dev/disk/by-path/%s", de->d_name) != 1) {
+			devname = NULL;
+			goto next;
+		}
+		fd = open(devname, O_RDONLY);
+		if (fd < 0)
+			goto next;
+		if (get_dev_size(fd, devname, &devsectors) == 0)
+			goto next;
+		devsectors >>= 9;
+
+		if (st)
+			st2 = dup_super(st);
+		else
+			st2 = guess_super_type(fd, guess_partitions);
+		if (st2 == NULL || st2->ss->load_super(st2, fd, NULL) < 0)
+			goto next;
+		st2->ignore_hw_compat = 0;
+
+		if (!st) {
+			/* Check domain policy again, this time referring to metadata */
+			domain_merge(&domlist, pol2, st2->ss->name);
+			if (domain_test(domlist, pol, st2->ss->name) != 1)
+				/* Incompatible devices for this metadata type */
+				goto next;
+			if (!policy_action_allows(pol, st2->ss->name, act_spare))
+				/* Some partition types allow sparing, but not
+				 * this one.
+				 */
+				goto next;
+		}
+
+		st2->ss->getinfo_super(st2, &info, NULL);
+		if (info.component_size > devsectors)
+			/* This partitioning doesn't fit in the device */
+			goto next;
+
+		/* This is an acceptable device to copy partition
+		 * metadata from.  We could just stop here, but I
+		 * think I want to keep looking incase a larger
+		 * metadata which makes better use of the device can
+		 * be found.
+		 */
+		if (chosen == NULL || chosen_size < info.component_size) {
+			chosen_size = info.component_size;
+			free(chosen);
+			chosen = devname;
+			devname = NULL;
+			if (chosen_st) {
+				chosen_st->ss->free_super(chosen_st);
+				free(chosen_st);
+			}
+			chosen_st = st2;
+			st2 = NULL;
+		}
+
+	next:
+		free(devname);
+		domain_free(domlist);
+		dev_policy_free(pol2);
+		if (st2)
+			st2->ss->free_super(st2);
+		free(st2);
+
+		if (fd >= 0)
+			close(fd);
+	}
+
+	closedir(dir);
+
+	if (!chosen)
+		return 1;
+
+	/* 'chosen' is the best device we can find.  Let's write its
+	 * metadata to devname dfd is read-only so don't use that
+	 */
+	fd = open(devname, O_RDWR);
+	if (fd >= 0) {
+		chosen_st->ss->store_super(chosen_st, fd);
+		close(fd);
+	}
+	free(chosen);
+	chosen_st->ss->free_super(chosen_st);
+	free(chosen_st);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int is_bare(int dfd)
+{
+	unsigned long long size = 0;
+	char bufpad[4096 + 4096];
+	char *buf = (char*)(((long)bufpad + 4096) & ~4095);
+
+	if (lseek(dfd, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0 ||
+	    read(dfd, buf, 4096) != 4096)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (buf[0] != '\0' && buf[0] != '\x5a' && buf[0] != '\xff')
+		return 0;
+	if (memcmp(buf, buf+1, 4095) != 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* OK, first 4K appear blank, try the end. */
+	get_dev_size(dfd, NULL, &size);
+	if (lseek(dfd, size-4096, SEEK_SET) < 0 ||
+	    read(dfd, buf, 4096) != 4096)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (buf[0] != '\0' && buf[0] != '\x5a' && buf[0] != '\xff')
+		return 0;
+	if (memcmp(buf, buf+1, 4095) != 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/* adding a spare to a regular array is quite different from adding one to
+ * a set-of-partitions virtual array.
+ * This function determines which is worth trying and tries as appropriate.
+ * Arrays are given priority over partitions.
+ */
+static int try_spare(char *devname, int *dfdp, struct dev_policy *pol,
+		     struct map_ent *target,
+		     struct supertype *st, int verbose)
+{
+	int i;
+	int rv;
+	int arrays_ok = 0;
+	int partitions_ok = 0;
+	int dfd = *dfdp;
+	int bare;
+
+	/* Can only add a spare if device has at least one domain */
+	if (pol_find(pol, pol_domain) == NULL)
+		return 1;
+	/* And only if some action allows spares */
+	if (!policy_action_allows(pol, st?st->ss->name:NULL, act_spare))
+		return 1;
+
+	/* Now check if the device is bare.
+	 * bare devices can always be added as a spare
+	 * non-bare devices can only be added if spare-same-slot is permitted,
+	 * and this device is replacing a previous device - in which case 'target'
+	 * will be set.
+	 */
+	if (!is_bare(dfd)) {
+		/* Must have a target and allow same_slot */
+		/* Later - may allow force_spare without target */
+		if (!target ||
+		    !policy_action_allows(pol, st?st->ss->name:NULL,
+					  act_spare_same_slot)) {
+			if (verbose > 1)
+				pr_err("%s is not bare, so not considering as a spare\n",
+					devname);
+			return 1;
+		}
+		bare = 0;
+	} else
+		bare = 1;
+
+	/* It might be OK to add this device to an array - need to see
+	 * what arrays might be candidates.
+	 */
+	if (st) {
+		/* just try to add 'array' or 'partition' based on this metadata */
+		if (st->ss->add_to_super)
+			return array_try_spare(devname, dfdp, pol, target, bare,
+					       st, verbose);
+		else
+			return partition_try_spare(devname, dfdp, pol,
+						   st, verbose);
+	}
+	/* No metadata was specified or found so options are open.
+	 * Check for whether any array metadata, or any partition metadata
+	 * might allow adding the spare.  This check is just help to avoid
+	 * a more costly scan of all arrays when we can be sure that will
+	 * fail.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; (!arrays_ok || !partitions_ok) && superlist[i] ; i++) {
+		if (superlist[i]->add_to_super && !arrays_ok &&
+		    policy_action_allows(pol, superlist[i]->name, act_spare))
+			arrays_ok = 1;
+		if (superlist[i]->add_to_super == NULL && !partitions_ok &&
+		    policy_action_allows(pol, superlist[i]->name, act_spare))
+			partitions_ok = 1;
+	}
+	rv = 1;
+	if (arrays_ok)
+		rv = array_try_spare(devname, dfdp, pol, target, bare,
+				     st, verbose);
+	if (rv != 0 && partitions_ok)
+		rv = partition_try_spare(devname, dfdp, pol, st, verbose);
+	return rv;
+}
+
+int IncrementalScan(struct context *c, char *devnm)
+{
+	/* look at every device listed in the 'map' file.
+	 * If one is found that is not running then:
+	 *  look in mdadm.conf for bitmap file.
+	 *   if one exists, but array has none, add it.
+	 *  try to start array in auto-readonly mode
+	 */
+	struct map_ent *mapl = NULL;
+	struct map_ent *me;
+	struct mddev_ident *devs, *mddev;
+	int rv = 0;
+	char container[32];
+	char *only = NULL;
+
+	map_read(&mapl);
+	devs = conf_get_ident(NULL);
+
+restart:
+	for (me = mapl ; me ; me = me->next) {
+		struct mdinfo *sra;
+		int mdfd;
+
+		if (devnm && strcmp(devnm, me->devnm) != 0)
+			continue;
+		if (me->metadata[0] == '/') {
+			char *sl;
+
+			if (!devnm)
+				continue;
+
+			/* member array, need to work on container */
+			strncpy(container, me->metadata+1, 32);
+			container[31] = 0;
+			sl = strchr(container, '/');
+			if (sl)
+				*sl = 0;
+			only = devnm;
+			devnm = container;
+			goto restart;
+		}
+		mdfd = open_dev(me->devnm);
+
+		if (!is_fd_valid(mdfd))
+			continue;
+		if (!isdigit(me->metadata[0])) {
+			/* must be a container */
+			struct supertype *st = super_by_fd(mdfd, NULL);
+			int ret = 0;
+			struct map_ent *map = NULL;
+
+			if (st && st->ss->load_container)
+				ret = st->ss->load_container(st, mdfd, NULL);
+			close_fd(&mdfd);
+			if (!ret && st && st->ss->container_content) {
+				if (map_lock(&map))
+					pr_err("failed to get exclusive lock on mapfile\n");
+				ret = Incremental_container(st, me->path, c, only);
+				map_unlock(&map);
+			}
+			if (ret)
+				rv = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (md_array_active(mdfd)) {
+			close_fd(&mdfd);
+			continue;
+		}
+		/* Ok, we can try this one.   Maybe it needs a bitmap */
+		for (mddev = devs ; mddev ; mddev = mddev->next)
+			if (mddev->devname && me->path &&
+			    devname_matches(mddev->devname, me->path))
+				break;
+		if (mddev && mddev->bitmap_file) {
+			/*
+			 * Note: early kernels will wrongly fail this, so it
+			 * is a hint only
+			 */
+			int added = -1;
+			int bmfd;
+
+			bmfd = open(mddev->bitmap_file, O_RDWR);
+			if (is_fd_valid(bmfd)) {
+				added = ioctl(mdfd, SET_BITMAP_FILE, bmfd);
+				close_fd(&bmfd);
+			}
+			if (c->verbose >= 0) {
+				if (added == 0)
+					pr_err("Added bitmap %s to %s\n",
+					       mddev->bitmap_file, me->path);
+				else if (errno != EEXIST)
+					pr_err("Failed to add bitmap to %s: %s\n",
+					       me->path, strerror(errno));
+			}
+		}
+		/* FIXME check for reshape_active and consider not
+		 * starting array.
+		 */
+		sra = sysfs_read(mdfd, NULL, 0);
+		if (sra) {
+			if (sysfs_set_str(sra, NULL,
+					  "array_state", "read-auto") == 0) {
+				if (c->verbose >= 0)
+					pr_err("started array %s\n",
+					       me->path ?: me->devnm);
+			} else {
+				pr_err("failed to start array %s: %s\n",
+				       me->path ?: me->devnm,
+				       strerror(errno));
+				rv = 1;
+			}
+			sysfs_free(sra);
+		}
+		close_fd(&mdfd);
+	}
+	map_free(mapl);
+	return rv;
+}
+
+static char *container2devname(char *devname)
+{
+	char *mdname = NULL;
+
+	if (devname[0] == '/') {
+		int fd = open(devname, O_RDONLY);
+		if (fd >= 0) {
+			mdname = xstrdup(fd2devnm(fd));
+			close(fd);
+		}
+	} else {
+		int uuid[4];
+		struct map_ent *mp, *map = NULL;
+
+		if (!parse_uuid(devname, uuid))
+			return mdname;
+		mp = map_by_uuid(&map, uuid);
+		if (mp)
+			mdname = xstrdup(mp->devnm);
+		map_free(map);
+	}
+
+	return mdname;
+}
+
+static int Incremental_container(struct supertype *st, char *devname,
+				 struct context *c, char *only)
+{
+	/* Collect the contents of this container and for each
+	 * array, choose a device name and assemble the array.
+	 */
+
+	struct mdinfo *list;
+	struct mdinfo *ra;
+	struct map_ent *map = NULL;
+	struct mdinfo info;
+	int trustworthy;
+	struct mddev_ident *match;
+	int rv = 0;
+	int result = 0;
+
+	st->ss->getinfo_super(st, &info, NULL);
+
+	if (info.container_enough < 0 || (info.container_enough == 0 && c->runstop < 1)) {
+		if (c->export)
+			printf("MD_STARTED=no\n");
+		else if (c->verbose)
+			pr_err("Not enough devices to start the container.\n");
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	match = conf_match(st, &info, devname, c->verbose, &rv);
+	if (match == NULL && rv == 2)
+		return rv;
+
+	/* Need to compute 'trustworthy' */
+	if (match)
+		trustworthy = LOCAL;
+	else if (st->ss->match_home(st, c->homehost) == 1)
+		trustworthy = LOCAL;
+	else if (st->ss->match_home(st, "any") == 1)
+		trustworthy = LOCAL;
+	else
+		trustworthy = FOREIGN;
+
+	list = st->ss->container_content(st, NULL);
+	/* when nothing to activate - quit */
+	if (list == NULL) {
+		if (c->export) {
+			printf("MD_STARTED=nothing\n");
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+	for (ra = list ; ra ; ra = ra->next) {
+		int mdfd = -1;
+		char chosen_name[1024];
+		struct map_ent *mp;
+		struct mddev_ident *match = NULL;
+
+		/* do not activate arrays blocked by metadata handler */
+		if (ra->array.state & (1 << MD_SB_BLOCK_VOLUME)) {
+			pr_err("Cannot activate array %s in %s.\n",
+				ra->text_version, devname);
+			continue;
+		}
+		mp = map_by_uuid(&map, ra->uuid);
+
+		if (mp) {
+			mdfd = open_dev(mp->devnm);
+			if (!is_fd_valid(mdfd)) {
+				pr_err("failed to open %s: %s.\n",
+				       mp->devnm, strerror(errno));
+				rv = 2;
+				goto release;
+			}
+			if (mp->path)
+				strcpy(chosen_name, mp->path);
+			else
+				strcpy(chosen_name, mp->devnm);
+		} else if (!only) {
+
+			/* Check in mdadm.conf for container == devname and
+			 * member == ra->text_version after second slash.
+			 */
+			char *sub = strchr(ra->text_version+1, '/');
+			struct mddev_ident *array_list;
+			if (sub) {
+				sub++;
+				array_list = conf_get_ident(NULL);
+			} else
+				array_list = NULL;
+			for(; array_list ; array_list = array_list->next) {
+				char *dn;
+				if (array_list->member == NULL ||
+				    array_list->container == NULL)
+					continue;
+				if (strcmp(array_list->member, sub) != 0)
+					continue;
+				if (array_list->uuid_set &&
+				    !same_uuid(ra->uuid, array_list->uuid, st->ss->swapuuid))
+					continue;
+				dn = container2devname(array_list->container);
+				if (dn == NULL)
+					continue;
+				if (strncmp(dn, ra->text_version+1,
+					    strlen(dn)) != 0 ||
+				    ra->text_version[strlen(dn)+1] != '/') {
+					free(dn);
+					continue;
+				}
+				free(dn);
+				/* we have a match */
+				match = array_list;
+				if (c->verbose>0)
+					pr_err("match found for member %s\n",
+						array_list->member);
+				break;
+			}
+
+			if (match && match->devname && is_devname_ignore(match->devname) == true) {
+				if (c->verbose > 0)
+					pr_err("array %s/%s is explicitly ignored by mdadm.conf\n",
+					       match->container, match->member);
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (match)
+				trustworthy = LOCAL;
+
+			mdfd = create_mddev(match ? match->devname : NULL,
+					    ra->name,
+					    c->autof,
+					    trustworthy,
+					    chosen_name, 0);
+
+			if (!is_fd_valid(mdfd)) {
+				pr_err("create_mddev failed with chosen name %s: %s.\n",
+				       chosen_name, strerror(errno));
+				rv = 2;
+				goto release;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (only && (!mp || strcmp(mp->devnm, only) != 0)) {
+			close_fd(&mdfd);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		assemble_container_content(st, mdfd, ra, c,
+					   chosen_name, &result);
+		map_free(map);
+		map = NULL;
+		close_fd(&mdfd);
+	}
+	if (c->export && result) {
+		char sep = '=';
+		printf("MD_STARTED");
+		if (result & INCR_NO) {
+			printf("%cno", sep);
+			sep = ',';
+		}
+		if (result & INCR_UNSAFE) {
+			printf("%cunsafe", sep);
+			sep = ',';
+		}
+		if (result & INCR_ALREADY) {
+			printf("%calready", sep);
+			sep = ',';
+		}
+		if (result & INCR_YES) {
+			printf("%cyes", sep);
+			sep = ',';
+		}
+		printf("\n");
+	}
+
+release:
+	map_free(map);
+	sysfs_free(list);
+	return rv;
+}
+
+static void remove_from_member_array(struct mdstat_ent *memb,
+				    struct mddev_dev *devlist, int verbose)
+{
+	int subfd = open_dev(memb->devnm);
+
+	if (subfd >= 0) {
+		/*
+		 * Ignore the return value because it's necessary
+		 * to handle failure condition here.
+		 */
+		Manage_subdevs(memb->devnm, subfd, devlist, verbose,
+			       0, UOPT_UNDEFINED, 0);
+		close(subfd);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * IncrementalRemove - Attempt to see if the passed in device belongs to any
+ * raid arrays, and if so first fail (if needed) and then remove the device.
+ *
+ * @devname - The device we want to remove
+ * @id_path - name as found in /dev/disk/by-path for this device
+ *
+ * Note: the device name must be a kernel name like "sda", so
+ * that we can find it in /proc/mdstat
+ */
+int IncrementalRemove(char *devname, char *id_path, int verbose)
+{
+	int mdfd;
+	int rv = 0;
+	struct mdstat_ent *ent;
+	struct mddev_dev devlist;
+	struct mdinfo mdi;
+	char buf[SYSFS_MAX_BUF_SIZE];
+
+	if (!id_path)
+		dprintf("incremental removal without --path <id_path> lacks the possibility to re-add new device in this port\n");
+
+	if (strchr(devname, '/')) {
+		pr_err("incremental removal requires a kernel device name, not a file: %s\n", devname);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	ent = mdstat_by_component(devname);
+	if (!ent) {
+		if (verbose >= 0)
+			pr_err("%s does not appear to be a component of any array\n", devname);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (sysfs_init(&mdi, -1, ent->devnm)) {
+		pr_err("unable to initialize sysfs for: %s\n", devname);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	mdfd = open_dev_excl(ent->devnm);
+	if (is_fd_valid(mdfd)) {
+		close_fd(&mdfd);
+		if (sysfs_get_str(&mdi, NULL, "array_state",
+				  buf, sizeof(buf)) > 0) {
+			if (strncmp(buf, "active", 6) == 0 ||
+			    strncmp(buf, "clean", 5) == 0)
+				sysfs_set_str(&mdi, NULL,
+					      "array_state", "read-auto");
+		}
+	}
+	mdfd = open_dev(ent->devnm);
+	if (mdfd < 0) {
+		if (verbose >= 0)
+			pr_err("Cannot open array %s!!\n", ent->devnm);
+		free_mdstat(ent);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (id_path) {
+		struct map_ent *map = NULL, *me;
+		me = map_by_devnm(&map, ent->devnm);
+		if (me)
+			policy_save_path(id_path, me);
+		map_free(map);
+	}
+
+	memset(&devlist, 0, sizeof(devlist));
+	devlist.devname = devname;
+	devlist.disposition = 'I';
+	/* for a container, we must fail each member array */
+	if (ent->metadata_version &&
+	    strncmp(ent->metadata_version, "external:", 9) == 0) {
+		struct mdstat_ent *mdstat = mdstat_read(0, 0);
+		struct mdstat_ent *memb;
+		for (memb = mdstat ; memb ; memb = memb->next) {
+			if (is_container_member(memb, ent->devnm))
+				remove_from_member_array(memb,
+					&devlist, verbose);
+		}
+		free_mdstat(mdstat);
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * This 'I' incremental remove is a try-best effort,
+		 * the failure condition can be safely ignored
+		 * because of the following up 'r' remove.
+		 */
+		Manage_subdevs(ent->devnm, mdfd, &devlist,
+			       verbose, 0, UOPT_UNDEFINED, 0);
+	}
+
+	devlist.disposition = 'r';
+	rv = Manage_subdevs(ent->devnm, mdfd, &devlist,
+			    verbose, 0, UOPT_UNDEFINED, 0);
+
+	close(mdfd);
+	free_mdstat(ent);
+	return rv;
+}