Adding upstream version 1.44.3.upstream/1.44.3upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 116 insertions, 0 deletions

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+PicoHTTPParser
+=============
+
+Copyright (c) 2009-2014 [Kazuho Oku](https://github.com/kazuho), [Tokuhiro Matsuno](https://github.com/tokuhirom), [Daisuke Murase](https://github.com/typester), [Shigeo Mitsunari](https://github.com/herumi)
+
+PicoHTTPParser is a tiny, primitive, fast HTTP request/response parser.
+
+Unlike most parsers, it is stateless and does not allocate memory by itself.
+All it does is accept pointer to buffer and the output structure, and setups the pointers in the latter to point at the necessary portions of the buffer.
+
+The code is widely deployed within Perl applications through popular modules that use it, including [Plack](https://metacpan.org/pod/Plack), [Starman](https://metacpan.org/pod/Starman), [Starlet](https://metacpan.org/pod/Starlet), [Furl](https://metacpan.org/pod/Furl).  It is also the HTTP/1 parser of [H2O](https://github.com/h2o/h2o).
+
+Check out [test.c] to find out how to use the parser.
+
+The software is dual-licensed under the Perl License or the MIT License.
+
+Usage
+-----
+
+The library exposes four functions: `phr_parse_request`, `phr_parse_response`, `phr_parse_headers`, `phr_decode_chunked`.
+
+### phr_parse_request
+
+The example below reads an HTTP request from socket `sock` using `read(2)`, parses it using `phr_parse_request`, and prints the details.
+
+```c
+char buf[4096], *method, *path;
+int pret, minor_version;
+struct phr_header headers[100];
+size_t buflen = 0, prevbuflen = 0, method_len, path_len, num_headers;
+ssize_t rret;
+
+while (1) {
+    /* read the request */
+    while ((rret = read(sock, buf + buflen, sizeof(buf) - buflen)) == -1 && errno == EINTR)
+        ;
+    if (rret <= 0)
+        return IOError;
+    prevbuflen = buflen;
+    buflen += rret;
+    /* parse the request */
+    num_headers = sizeof(headers) / sizeof(headers[0]);
+    pret = phr_parse_request(buf, buflen, &method, &method_len, &path, &path_len,
+                             &minor_version, headers, &num_headers, prevbuflen);
+    if (pret > 0)
+        break; /* successfully parsed the request */
+    else if (pret == -1)
+        return ParseError;
+    /* request is incomplete, continue the loop */
+    assert(pret == -2);
+    if (buflen == sizeof(buf))
+        return RequestIsTooLongError;
+}
+
+printf("request is %d bytes long\n", pret);
+printf("method is %.*s\n", (int)method_len, method);
+printf("path is %.*s\n", (int)path_len, path);
+printf("HTTP version is 1.%d\n", minor_version);
+printf("headers:\n");
+for (i = 0; i != num_headers; ++i) {
+    printf("%.*s: %.*s\n", (int)headers[i].name_len, headers[i].name,
+           (int)headers[i].value_len, headers[i].value);
+}
+```
+
+### phr_parse_response, phr_parse_headers
+
+`phr_parse_response` and `phr_parse_headers` provide similar interfaces as `phr_parse_request`.  `phr_parse_response` parses an HTTP response, and `phr_parse_headers` parses the headers only.
+
+### phr_decode_chunked
+
+The example below decodes incoming data in chunked-encoding.  The data is decoded in-place.
+
+```c
+struct phr_chunked_decoder decoder = {}; /* zero-clear */
+char *buf = malloc(4096);
+size_t size = 0, capacity = 4096, rsize;
+ssize_t rret, pret;
+
+/* set consume_trailer to 1 to discard the trailing header, or the application
+ * should call phr_parse_headers to parse the trailing header */
+decoder.consume_trailer = 1;
+
+do {
+    /* expand the buffer if necessary */
+    if (size == capacity) {
+        capacity *= 2;
+        buf = realloc(buf, capacity);
+        assert(buf != NULL);
+    }
+    /* read */
+    while ((rret = read(sock, buf + size, capacity - size)) == -1 && errno == EINTR)
+        ;
+    if (rret <= 0)
+        return IOError;
+    /* decode */
+    rsize = rret;
+    pret = phr_decode_chunked(&decoder, buf + size, &rsize);
+    if (pret == -1)
+        return ParseError;
+    size += rsize;
+} while (pret == -2);
+
+/* successfully decoded the chunked data */
+assert(pret >= 0);
+printf("decoded data is at %p (%zu bytes)\n", buf, size);
+```
+
+Benchmark
+---------
+
+![benchmark results](http://i.gyazo.com/a85c18d3162dfb46b485bb41e0ad443a.png)
+
+The benchmark code is from [fukamachi/fast-http@6b91103](https://github.com/fukamachi/fast-http/tree/6b9110347c7a3407310c08979aefd65078518478).
+
+The internals of picohttpparser has been described to some extent in [my blog entry]( http://blog.kazuhooku.com/2014/11/the-internals-h2o-or-how-to-write-fast.html).