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authorDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-04-10 19:59:03 +0000
committerDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-04-10 19:59:03 +0000
commita848231ae0f346dc7cc000973fbeb65b0894ee92 (patch)
tree44b60b367c86723cc78383ef247885d72b388afe /html/postmap.1.html
parentInitial commit. (diff)
downloadpostfix-a848231ae0f346dc7cc000973fbeb65b0894ee92.tar.xz
postfix-a848231ae0f346dc7cc000973fbeb65b0894ee92.zip
Adding upstream version 3.8.5.upstream/3.8.5
Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>
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+<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+<html> <head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
+<link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' href='postfix-doc.css'>
+<title> Postfix manual - postmap(1) </title>
+</head> <body> <pre>
+POSTMAP(1) POSTMAP(1)
+
+<b>NAME</b>
+ postmap - Postfix lookup table management
+
+<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
+ <b>postmap</b> [<b>-bfFhimnNoprsuUvw</b>] [<b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i>] [<b>-d</b> <i>key</i>] [<b>-q</b> <i>key</i>]
+ [<i>file</i><b>_</b><i>type</i>:]<i>file</i><b>_</b><i>name</i> ...
+
+<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
+ The <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> command creates or queries one or more Postfix lookup
+ tables, or updates an existing one.
+
+ If the result files do not exist they will be created with the same
+ group and other read permissions as their source file.
+
+ While the table update is in progress, signal delivery is postponed,
+ and an exclusive, advisory, lock is placed on the entire table, in
+ order to avoid surprises in spectator processes.
+
+<b>INPUT FILE FORMAT</b>
+ The format of a lookup table input file is as follows:
+
+ <b>o</b> A table entry has the form
+
+ <i>key</i> whitespace <i>value</i>
+
+ <b>o</b> Empty lines and whitespace-only lines are ignored, as are lines
+ whose first non-whitespace character is a `#'.
+
+ <b>o</b> A logical line starts with non-whitespace text. A line that
+ starts with whitespace continues a logical line.
+
+ The <i>key</i> and <i>value</i> are processed as is, except that surrounding white
+ space is stripped off. Whitespace in lookup keys is supported in Post-
+ fix 3.2 and later, by surrounding the key with double quote characters
+ `"'. Within the double quotes, double quote `"' and backslash `\' char-
+ acters can be included by quoting them with a preceding backslash.
+
+ When the <b>-F</b> option is given, the <i>value</i> must specify one or more file-
+ names separated by comma and/or whitespace; <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> will concatenate
+ the file content (with a newline character inserted between files) and
+ will store the base64-encoded result instead of the <i>value</i>.
+
+ When the <i>key</i> specifies email address information, the localpart should
+ be enclosed with double quotes if required by <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322">RFC 5322</a>. For example, an
+ address localpart that contains ";", or a localpart that starts or ends
+ with ".".
+
+ By default the lookup key is mapped to lowercase to make the lookups
+ case insensitive; as of Postfix 2.3 this case folding happens only with
+ tables whose lookup keys are fixed-case strings such as <a href="DATABASE_README.html#types">btree</a>:, <a href="DATABASE_README.html#types">dbm</a>: or
+ <a href="DATABASE_README.html#types">hash</a>:. With earlier versions, the lookup key is folded even with tables
+ where a lookup field can match both upper and lower case text, such as
+ <a href="regexp_table.5.html">regexp</a>: and <a href="pcre_table.5.html">pcre</a>:. This resulted in loss of information with $<i>number</i>
+ substitutions.
+
+<b>COMMAND-LINE ARGUMENTS</b>
+ <b>-b</b> Enable message body query mode. When reading lookup keys from
+ standard input with "<b>-q -</b>", process the input as if it is an
+ email message in <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322">RFC 5322</a> format. Each line of body content
+ becomes one lookup key.
+
+ By default, the <b>-b</b> option starts generating lookup keys at the
+ first non-header line, and stops when the end of the message is
+ reached. To simulate <a href="header_checks.5.html"><b>body_checks</b>(5)</a> processing, enable MIME
+ parsing with <b>-m</b>. With this, the <b>-b</b> option generates no
+ body-style lookup keys for attachment MIME headers and for
+ attached message/* headers.
+
+ NOTE: with "<a href="postconf.5.html#smtputf8_enable">smtputf8_enable</a> = yes", the <b>-b</b> option disables UTF-8
+ syntax checks on query keys and lookup results. Specify the <b>-U</b>
+ option to force UTF-8 syntax checks anyway.
+
+ This feature is available in Postfix version 2.6 and later.
+
+ <b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i>
+ Read the <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> configuration file in the named directory
+ instead of the default configuration directory.
+
+ <b>-d</b> <i>key</i> Search the specified maps for <i>key</i> and remove one entry per map.
+ The exit status is zero when the requested information was
+ found.
+
+ If a key value of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads key values
+ from the standard input stream. The exit status is zero when at
+ least one of the requested keys was found.
+
+ <b>-f</b> Do not fold the lookup key to lower case while creating or
+ querying a table.
+
+ With Postfix version 2.3 and later, this option has no effect
+ for regular expression tables. There, case folding is controlled
+ by appending a flag to a pattern.
+
+ <b>-F</b> When querying a map, or listing a map, base64-decode each value.
+ When creating a map from source file, process each value as a
+ list of filenames, concatenate the content of those files, and
+ store the base64-encoded result instead of the value (see INPUT
+ FILE FORMAT for details).
+
+ This feature is available in Postfix version 3.4 and later.
+
+ <b>-h</b> Enable message header query mode. When reading lookup keys from
+ standard input with "<b>-q -</b>", process the input as if it is an
+ email message in <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322">RFC 5322</a> format. Each logical header line
+ becomes one lookup key. A multi-line header becomes one lookup
+ key with one or more embedded newline characters.
+
+ By default, the <b>-h</b> option generates lookup keys until the first
+ non-header line is reached. To simulate <a href="header_checks.5.html"><b>header_checks</b>(5)</a> pro-
+ cessing, enable MIME parsing with <b>-m</b>. With this, the <b>-h</b> option
+ also generates header-style lookup keys for attachment MIME
+ headers and for attached message/* headers.
+
+ NOTE: with "<a href="postconf.5.html#smtputf8_enable">smtputf8_enable</a> = yes", the <b>-b</b> option option dis-
+ ables UTF-8 syntax checks on query keys and lookup results.
+ Specify the <b>-U</b> option to force UTF-8 syntax checks anyway.
+
+ This feature is available in Postfix version 2.6 and later.
+
+ <b>-i</b> Incremental mode. Read entries from standard input and do not
+ truncate an existing database. By default, <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> creates a
+ new database from the entries in <b>file_name</b>.
+
+ <b>-m</b> Enable MIME parsing with "<b>-b</b>" and "<b>-h</b>".
+
+ This feature is available in Postfix version 2.6 and later.
+
+ <b>-N</b> Include the terminating null character that terminates lookup
+ keys and values. By default, <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> does whatever is the
+ default for the host operating system.
+
+ <b>-n</b> Don't include the terminating null character that terminates
+ lookup keys and values. By default, <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> does whatever is
+ the default for the host operating system.
+
+ <b>-o</b> Do not release root privileges when processing a non-root input
+ file. By default, <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> drops root privileges and runs as
+ the source file owner instead.
+
+ <b>-p</b> Do not inherit the file access permissions from the input file
+ when creating a new file. Instead, create a new file with
+ default access permissions (mode 0644).
+
+ <b>-q</b> <i>key</i> Search the specified maps for <i>key</i> and write the first value
+ found to the standard output stream. The exit status is zero
+ when the requested information was found.
+
+ Note: this performs a single query with the key as specified,
+ and does not make iterative queries with substrings of the key
+ as described for <a href="access.5.html">access(5)</a>, <a href="canonical.5.html">canonical(5)</a>, <a href="transport.5.html">transport(5)</a>, <a href="virtual.5.html">vir-</a>
+ <a href="virtual.5.html">tual(5)</a> and other Postfix table-driven features.
+
+ If a key value of <b>-</b> is specified, the program reads key values
+ from the standard input stream and writes one line of <i>key value</i>
+ output for each key that was found. The exit status is zero when
+ at least one of the requested keys was found.
+
+ <b>-r</b> When updating a table, do not complain about attempts to update
+ existing entries, and make those updates anyway.
+
+ <b>-s</b> Retrieve all database elements, and write one line of <i>key value</i>
+ output for each element. The elements are printed in database
+ order, which is not necessarily the same as the original input
+ order.
+
+ This feature is available in Postfix version 2.2 and later, and
+ is not available for all database types.
+
+ <b>-u</b> Disable UTF-8 support. UTF-8 support is enabled by default when
+ "<a href="postconf.5.html#smtputf8_enable">smtputf8_enable</a> = yes". It requires that keys and values are
+ valid UTF-8 strings.
+
+ <b>-U</b> With "<a href="postconf.5.html#smtputf8_enable">smtputf8_enable</a> = yes", force UTF-8 syntax checks with the
+ <b>-b</b> and <b>-h</b> options.
+
+ <b>-v</b> Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Multiple <b>-v</b>
+ options make the software increasingly verbose.
+
+ <b>-w</b> When updating a table, do not complain about attempts to update
+ existing entries, and ignore those attempts.
+
+ Arguments:
+
+ <i>file</i><b>_</b><i>type</i>
+ The database type. To find out what types are supported, use the
+ "<b>postconf -m</b>" command.
+
+ The <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> command can query any supported file type, but it
+ can create only the following file types:
+
+ <b>btree</b> The output file is a btree file, named <i>file</i><b>_</b><i>name</i><b>.db</b>.
+ This is available on systems with support for <b>db</b> data-
+ bases.
+
+ <b>cdb</b> The output consists of one file, named <i>file</i><b>_</b><i>name</i><b>.cdb</b>.
+ This is available on systems with support for <b>cdb</b> data-
+ bases.
+
+ <b>dbm</b> The output consists of two files, named <i>file</i><b>_</b><i>name</i><b>.pag</b> and
+ <i>file</i><b>_</b><i>name</i><b>.dir</b>. This is available on systems with support
+ for <b>dbm</b> databases.
+
+ <b>fail</b> A table that reliably fails all requests. The lookup ta-
+ ble name is used for logging only. This table exists to
+ simplify Postfix error tests.
+
+ <b>hash</b> The output file is a hashed file, named <i>file</i><b>_</b><i>name</i><b>.db</b>.
+ This is available on systems with support for <b>db</b> data-
+ bases.
+
+ <b>lmdb</b> The output is a btree-based file, named <i>file</i><b>_</b><i>name</i><b>.lmdb</b>.
+ <b>lmdb</b> supports concurrent writes and reads from different
+ processes, unlike other supported file-based tables.
+ This is available on systems with support for <b>lmdb</b> data-
+ bases.
+
+ <b>sdbm</b> The output consists of two files, named <i>file</i><b>_</b><i>name</i><b>.pag</b> and
+ <i>file</i><b>_</b><i>name</i><b>.dir</b>. This is available on systems with support
+ for <b>sdbm</b> databases.
+
+ When no <i>file</i><b>_</b><i>type</i> is specified, the software uses the database
+ type specified via the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_database_type">default_database_type</a></b> configuration
+ parameter.
+
+ <i>file</i><b>_</b><i>name</i>
+ The name of the lookup table source file when rebuilding a data-
+ base.
+
+<b>DIAGNOSTICS</b>
+ Problems are logged to the standard error stream and to <b>syslogd</b>(8) or
+ <a href="postlogd.8.html"><b>postlogd</b>(8)</a>. No output means that no problems were detected. Duplicate
+ entries are skipped and are flagged with a warning.
+
+ <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> terminates with zero exit status in case of success (includ-
+ ing successful "<b>postmap -q</b>" lookup) and terminates with non-zero exit
+ status in case of failure.
+
+<b>ENVIRONMENT</b>
+ <b>MAIL_CONFIG</b>
+ Directory with Postfix configuration files.
+
+ <b>MAIL_VERBOSE</b>
+ Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes.
+
+<b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b>
+ The following <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> parameters are especially relevant to this pro-
+ gram. The text below provides only a parameter summary. See <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>post-</b></a>
+ <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>conf</b>(5)</a> for more details including examples.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#berkeley_db_create_buffer_size">berkeley_db_create_buffer_size</a> (16777216)</b>
+ The per-table I/O buffer size for programs that create Berkeley
+ DB hash or btree tables.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#berkeley_db_read_buffer_size">berkeley_db_read_buffer_size</a> (131072)</b>
+ The per-table I/O buffer size for programs that read Berkeley DB
+ hash or btree tables.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
+ The default location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> con-
+ figuration files.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_database_type">default_database_type</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
+ The default database type for use in <a href="newaliases.1.html"><b>newaliases</b>(1)</a>, <a href="postalias.1.html"><b>postalias</b>(1)</a>
+ and <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> commands.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#import_environment">import_environment</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
+ The list of environment variables that a privileged Postfix
+ process will import from a non-Postfix parent process, or
+ name=value environment overrides.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtputf8_enable">smtputf8_enable</a> (yes)</b>
+ Enable preliminary SMTPUTF8 support for the protocols described
+ in <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6531">RFC 6531</a>, <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6532">RFC 6532</a>, and <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6533">RFC 6533</a>.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b>
+ The syslog facility of Postfix logging.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
+ A prefix that is prepended to the process name in syslog
+ records, so that, for example, "smtpd" becomes "prefix/smtpd".
+
+ Available in Postfix 2.11 and later:
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#lmdb_map_size">lmdb_map_size</a> (16777216)</b>
+ The initial OpenLDAP LMDB database size limit in bytes.
+
+<b>SEE ALSO</b>
+ <a href="postalias.1.html">postalias(1)</a>, create/update/query alias database
+ <a href="postconf.1.html">postconf(1)</a>, supported database types
+ <a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters
+ <a href="postlogd.8.html">postlogd(8)</a>, Postfix logging
+ syslogd(8), system logging
+
+<b>README FILES</b>
+ <a href="DATABASE_README.html">DATABASE_README</a>, Postfix lookup table overview
+
+<b>LICENSE</b>
+ The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.
+
+<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
+ Wietse Venema
+ IBM T.J. Watson Research
+ P.O. Box 704
+ Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
+
+ Wietse Venema
+ Google, Inc.
+ 111 8th Avenue
+ New York, NY 10011, USA
+
+ POSTMAP(1)
+</pre> </body> </html>