Adding upstream version 16.2.upstream/16.2

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 981 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c b/src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..49e956b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c
@@ -0,0 +1,981 @@
+/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ *
+ * bootstrap.c
+ *	  routines to support running postgres in 'bootstrap' mode
+ *	bootstrap mode is used to create the initial template database
+ *
+ * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2023, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
+ *
+ * IDENTIFICATION
+ *	  src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c
+ *
+ *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+#include "postgres.h"
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+
+#include "access/genam.h"
+#include "access/heapam.h"
+#include "access/htup_details.h"
+#include "access/tableam.h"
+#include "access/toast_compression.h"
+#include "access/xact.h"
+#include "access/xlog_internal.h"
+#include "bootstrap/bootstrap.h"
+#include "catalog/index.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_collation.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
+#include "common/link-canary.h"
+#include "libpq/pqsignal.h"
+#include "miscadmin.h"
+#include "nodes/makefuncs.h"
+#include "pg_getopt.h"
+#include "storage/bufmgr.h"
+#include "storage/bufpage.h"
+#include "storage/condition_variable.h"
+#include "storage/ipc.h"
+#include "storage/proc.h"
+#include "tcop/tcopprot.h"
+#include "utils/builtins.h"
+#include "utils/fmgroids.h"
+#include "utils/memutils.h"
+#include "utils/rel.h"
+#include "utils/relmapper.h"
+
+uint32		bootstrap_data_checksum_version = 0;	/* No checksum */
+
+
+static void CheckerModeMain(void);
+static void bootstrap_signals(void);
+static Form_pg_attribute AllocateAttribute(void);
+static void populate_typ_list(void);
+static Oid	gettype(char *type);
+static void cleanup(void);
+
+/* ----------------
+ *		global variables
+ * ----------------
+ */
+
+Relation	boot_reldesc;		/* current relation descriptor */
+
+Form_pg_attribute attrtypes[MAXATTR];	/* points to attribute info */
+int			numattr;			/* number of attributes for cur. rel */
+
+
+/*
+ * Basic information associated with each type.  This is used before
+ * pg_type is filled, so it has to cover the datatypes used as column types
+ * in the core "bootstrapped" catalogs.
+ *
+ *		XXX several of these input/output functions do catalog scans
+ *			(e.g., F_REGPROCIN scans pg_proc).  this obviously creates some
+ *			order dependencies in the catalog creation process.
+ */
+struct typinfo
+{
+	char		name[NAMEDATALEN];
+	Oid			oid;
+	Oid			elem;
+	int16		len;
+	bool		byval;
+	char		align;
+	char		storage;
+	Oid			collation;
+	Oid			inproc;
+	Oid			outproc;
+};
+
+static const struct typinfo TypInfo[] = {
+	{"bool", BOOLOID, 0, 1, true, TYPALIGN_CHAR, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_BOOLIN, F_BOOLOUT},
+	{"bytea", BYTEAOID, 0, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, InvalidOid,
+	F_BYTEAIN, F_BYTEAOUT},
+	{"char", CHAROID, 0, 1, true, TYPALIGN_CHAR, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_CHARIN, F_CHAROUT},
+	{"int2", INT2OID, 0, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_INT2IN, F_INT2OUT},
+	{"int4", INT4OID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_INT4IN, F_INT4OUT},
+	{"float4", FLOAT4OID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_FLOAT4IN, F_FLOAT4OUT},
+	{"name", NAMEOID, CHAROID, NAMEDATALEN, false, TYPALIGN_CHAR, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, C_COLLATION_OID,
+	F_NAMEIN, F_NAMEOUT},
+	{"regclass", REGCLASSOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_REGCLASSIN, F_REGCLASSOUT},
+	{"regproc", REGPROCOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_REGPROCIN, F_REGPROCOUT},
+	{"regtype", REGTYPEOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_REGTYPEIN, F_REGTYPEOUT},
+	{"regrole", REGROLEOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_REGROLEIN, F_REGROLEOUT},
+	{"regnamespace", REGNAMESPACEOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_REGNAMESPACEIN, F_REGNAMESPACEOUT},
+	{"text", TEXTOID, 0, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID,
+	F_TEXTIN, F_TEXTOUT},
+	{"oid", OIDOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_OIDIN, F_OIDOUT},
+	{"tid", TIDOID, 0, 6, false, TYPALIGN_SHORT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_TIDIN, F_TIDOUT},
+	{"xid", XIDOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_XIDIN, F_XIDOUT},
+	{"cid", CIDOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_CIDIN, F_CIDOUT},
+	{"pg_node_tree", PG_NODE_TREEOID, 0, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID,
+	F_PG_NODE_TREE_IN, F_PG_NODE_TREE_OUT},
+	{"int2vector", INT2VECTOROID, INT2OID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_INT2VECTORIN, F_INT2VECTOROUT},
+	{"oidvector", OIDVECTOROID, OIDOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
+	F_OIDVECTORIN, F_OIDVECTOROUT},
+	{"_int4", INT4ARRAYOID, INT4OID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, InvalidOid,
+	F_ARRAY_IN, F_ARRAY_OUT},
+	{"_text", 1009, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID,
+	F_ARRAY_IN, F_ARRAY_OUT},
+	{"_oid", 1028, OIDOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, InvalidOid,
+	F_ARRAY_IN, F_ARRAY_OUT},
+	{"_char", 1002, CHAROID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, InvalidOid,
+	F_ARRAY_IN, F_ARRAY_OUT},
+	{"_aclitem", 1034, ACLITEMOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, InvalidOid,
+	F_ARRAY_IN, F_ARRAY_OUT}
+};
+
+static const int n_types = sizeof(TypInfo) / sizeof(struct typinfo);
+
+struct typmap
+{								/* a hack */
+	Oid			am_oid;
+	FormData_pg_type am_typ;
+};
+
+static List *Typ = NIL;			/* List of struct typmap* */
+static struct typmap *Ap = NULL;
+
+static Datum values[MAXATTR];	/* current row's attribute values */
+static bool Nulls[MAXATTR];
+
+static MemoryContext nogc = NULL;	/* special no-gc mem context */
+
+/*
+ *	At bootstrap time, we first declare all the indices to be built, and
+ *	then build them.  The IndexList structure stores enough information
+ *	to allow us to build the indices after they've been declared.
+ */
+
+typedef struct _IndexList
+{
+	Oid			il_heap;
+	Oid			il_ind;
+	IndexInfo  *il_info;
+	struct _IndexList *il_next;
+} IndexList;
+
+static IndexList *ILHead = NULL;
+
+
+/*
+ * In shared memory checker mode, all we really want to do is create shared
+ * memory and semaphores (just to prove we can do it with the current GUC
+ * settings).  Since, in fact, that was already done by
+ * CreateSharedMemoryAndSemaphores(), we have nothing more to do here.
+ */
+static void
+CheckerModeMain(void)
+{
+	proc_exit(0);
+}
+
+/*
+ *	 The main entry point for running the backend in bootstrap mode
+ *
+ *	 The bootstrap mode is used to initialize the template database.
+ *	 The bootstrap backend doesn't speak SQL, but instead expects
+ *	 commands in a special bootstrap language.
+ *
+ *	 When check_only is true, startup is done only far enough to verify that
+ *	 the current configuration, particularly the passed in options pertaining
+ *	 to shared memory sizing, options work (or at least do not cause an error
+ *	 up to shared memory creation).
+ */
+void
+BootstrapModeMain(int argc, char *argv[], bool check_only)
+{
+	int			i;
+	char	   *progname = argv[0];
+	int			flag;
+	char	   *userDoption = NULL;
+
+	Assert(!IsUnderPostmaster);
+
+	InitStandaloneProcess(argv[0]);
+
+	/* Set defaults, to be overridden by explicit options below */
+	InitializeGUCOptions();
+
+	/* an initial --boot or --check should be present */
+	Assert(argc > 1
+		   && (strcmp(argv[1], "--boot") == 0
+			   || strcmp(argv[1], "--check") == 0));
+	argv++;
+	argc--;
+
+	while ((flag = getopt(argc, argv, "B:c:d:D:Fkr:X:-:")) != -1)
+	{
+		switch (flag)
+		{
+			case 'B':
+				SetConfigOption("shared_buffers", optarg, PGC_POSTMASTER, PGC_S_ARGV);
+				break;
+			case 'c':
+			case '-':
+				{
+					char	   *name,
+							   *value;
+
+					ParseLongOption(optarg, &name, &value);
+					if (!value)
+					{
+						if (flag == '-')
+							ereport(ERROR,
+									(errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
+									 errmsg("--%s requires a value",
+											optarg)));
+						else
+							ereport(ERROR,
+									(errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
+									 errmsg("-c %s requires a value",
+											optarg)));
+					}
+
+					SetConfigOption(name, value, PGC_POSTMASTER, PGC_S_ARGV);
+					pfree(name);
+					pfree(value);
+					break;
+				}
+			case 'D':
+				userDoption = pstrdup(optarg);
+				break;
+			case 'd':
+				{
+					/* Turn on debugging for the bootstrap process. */
+					char	   *debugstr;
+
+					debugstr = psprintf("debug%s", optarg);
+					SetConfigOption("log_min_messages", debugstr,
+									PGC_POSTMASTER, PGC_S_ARGV);
+					SetConfigOption("client_min_messages", debugstr,
+									PGC_POSTMASTER, PGC_S_ARGV);
+					pfree(debugstr);
+				}
+				break;
+			case 'F':
+				SetConfigOption("fsync", "false", PGC_POSTMASTER, PGC_S_ARGV);
+				break;
+			case 'k':
+				bootstrap_data_checksum_version = PG_DATA_CHECKSUM_VERSION;
+				break;
+			case 'r':
+				strlcpy(OutputFileName, optarg, MAXPGPATH);
+				break;
+			case 'X':
+				{
+					int			WalSegSz = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
+
+					if (!IsValidWalSegSize(WalSegSz))
+						ereport(ERROR,
+								(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+								 errmsg("-X requires a power of two value between 1 MB and 1 GB")));
+					SetConfigOption("wal_segment_size", optarg, PGC_INTERNAL,
+									PGC_S_DYNAMIC_DEFAULT);
+				}
+				break;
+			default:
+				write_stderr("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n",
+							 progname);
+				proc_exit(1);
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (argc != optind)
+	{
+		write_stderr("%s: invalid command-line arguments\n", progname);
+		proc_exit(1);
+	}
+
+	/* Acquire configuration parameters */
+	if (!SelectConfigFiles(userDoption, progname))
+		proc_exit(1);
+
+	/*
+	 * Validate we have been given a reasonable-looking DataDir and change
+	 * into it
+	 */
+	checkDataDir();
+	ChangeToDataDir();
+
+	CreateDataDirLockFile(false);
+
+	SetProcessingMode(BootstrapProcessing);
+	IgnoreSystemIndexes = true;
+
+	InitializeMaxBackends();
+
+	CreateSharedMemoryAndSemaphores();
+
+	/*
+	 * XXX: It might make sense to move this into its own function at some
+	 * point. Right now it seems like it'd cause more code duplication than
+	 * it's worth.
+	 */
+	if (check_only)
+	{
+		SetProcessingMode(NormalProcessing);
+		CheckerModeMain();
+		abort();
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Do backend-like initialization for bootstrap mode
+	 */
+	InitProcess();
+
+	BaseInit();
+
+	bootstrap_signals();
+	BootStrapXLOG();
+
+	/*
+	 * To ensure that src/common/link-canary.c is linked into the backend, we
+	 * must call it from somewhere.  Here is as good as anywhere.
+	 */
+	if (pg_link_canary_is_frontend())
+		elog(ERROR, "backend is incorrectly linked to frontend functions");
+
+	InitPostgres(NULL, InvalidOid, NULL, InvalidOid, false, false, NULL);
+
+	/* Initialize stuff for bootstrap-file processing */
+	for (i = 0; i < MAXATTR; i++)
+	{
+		attrtypes[i] = NULL;
+		Nulls[i] = false;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Process bootstrap input.
+	 */
+	StartTransactionCommand();
+	boot_yyparse();
+	CommitTransactionCommand();
+
+	/*
+	 * We should now know about all mapped relations, so it's okay to write
+	 * out the initial relation mapping files.
+	 */
+	RelationMapFinishBootstrap();
+
+	/* Clean up and exit */
+	cleanup();
+	proc_exit(0);
+}
+
+
+/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
+ *						misc functions
+ * ----------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Set up signal handling for a bootstrap process
+ */
+static void
+bootstrap_signals(void)
+{
+	Assert(!IsUnderPostmaster);
+
+	/*
+	 * We don't actually need any non-default signal handling in bootstrap
+	 * mode; "curl up and die" is a sufficient response for all these cases.
+	 * Let's set that handling explicitly, as documentation if nothing else.
+	 */
+	pqsignal(SIGHUP, SIG_DFL);
+	pqsignal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
+	pqsignal(SIGTERM, SIG_DFL);
+	pqsignal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL);
+}
+
+/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
+ *				MANUAL BACKEND INTERACTIVE INTERFACE COMMANDS
+ * ----------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+/* ----------------
+ *		boot_openrel
+ *
+ * Execute BKI OPEN command.
+ * ----------------
+ */
+void
+boot_openrel(char *relname)
+{
+	int			i;
+
+	if (strlen(relname) >= NAMEDATALEN)
+		relname[NAMEDATALEN - 1] = '\0';
+
+	/*
+	 * pg_type must be filled before any OPEN command is executed, hence we
+	 * can now populate Typ if we haven't yet.
+	 */
+	if (Typ == NIL)
+		populate_typ_list();
+
+	if (boot_reldesc != NULL)
+		closerel(NULL);
+
+	elog(DEBUG4, "open relation %s, attrsize %d",
+		 relname, (int) ATTRIBUTE_FIXED_PART_SIZE);
+
+	boot_reldesc = table_openrv(makeRangeVar(NULL, relname, -1), NoLock);
+	numattr = RelationGetNumberOfAttributes(boot_reldesc);
+	for (i = 0; i < numattr; i++)
+	{
+		if (attrtypes[i] == NULL)
+			attrtypes[i] = AllocateAttribute();
+		memmove((char *) attrtypes[i],
+				(char *) TupleDescAttr(boot_reldesc->rd_att, i),
+				ATTRIBUTE_FIXED_PART_SIZE);
+
+		{
+			Form_pg_attribute at = attrtypes[i];
+
+			elog(DEBUG4, "create attribute %d name %s len %d num %d type %u",
+				 i, NameStr(at->attname), at->attlen, at->attnum,
+				 at->atttypid);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/* ----------------
+ *		closerel
+ * ----------------
+ */
+void
+closerel(char *relname)
+{
+	if (relname)
+	{
+		if (boot_reldesc)
+		{
+			if (strcmp(RelationGetRelationName(boot_reldesc), relname) != 0)
+				elog(ERROR, "close of %s when %s was expected",
+					 relname, RelationGetRelationName(boot_reldesc));
+		}
+		else
+			elog(ERROR, "close of %s before any relation was opened",
+				 relname);
+	}
+
+	if (boot_reldesc == NULL)
+		elog(ERROR, "no open relation to close");
+	else
+	{
+		elog(DEBUG4, "close relation %s",
+			 RelationGetRelationName(boot_reldesc));
+		table_close(boot_reldesc, NoLock);
+		boot_reldesc = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+/* ----------------
+ * DEFINEATTR()
+ *
+ * define a <field,type> pair
+ * if there are n fields in a relation to be created, this routine
+ * will be called n times
+ * ----------------
+ */
+void
+DefineAttr(char *name, char *type, int attnum, int nullness)
+{
+	Oid			typeoid;
+
+	if (boot_reldesc != NULL)
+	{
+		elog(WARNING, "no open relations allowed with CREATE command");
+		closerel(NULL);
+	}
+
+	if (attrtypes[attnum] == NULL)
+		attrtypes[attnum] = AllocateAttribute();
+	MemSet(attrtypes[attnum], 0, ATTRIBUTE_FIXED_PART_SIZE);
+
+	namestrcpy(&attrtypes[attnum]->attname, name);
+	elog(DEBUG4, "column %s %s", NameStr(attrtypes[attnum]->attname), type);
+	attrtypes[attnum]->attnum = attnum + 1;
+
+	typeoid = gettype(type);
+
+	if (Typ != NIL)
+	{
+		attrtypes[attnum]->atttypid = Ap->am_oid;
+		attrtypes[attnum]->attlen = Ap->am_typ.typlen;
+		attrtypes[attnum]->attbyval = Ap->am_typ.typbyval;
+		attrtypes[attnum]->attalign = Ap->am_typ.typalign;
+		attrtypes[attnum]->attstorage = Ap->am_typ.typstorage;
+		attrtypes[attnum]->attcompression = InvalidCompressionMethod;
+		attrtypes[attnum]->attcollation = Ap->am_typ.typcollation;
+		/* if an array type, assume 1-dimensional attribute */
+		if (Ap->am_typ.typelem != InvalidOid && Ap->am_typ.typlen < 0)
+			attrtypes[attnum]->attndims = 1;
+		else
+			attrtypes[attnum]->attndims = 0;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		attrtypes[attnum]->atttypid = TypInfo[typeoid].oid;
+		attrtypes[attnum]->attlen = TypInfo[typeoid].len;
+		attrtypes[attnum]->attbyval = TypInfo[typeoid].byval;
+		attrtypes[attnum]->attalign = TypInfo[typeoid].align;
+		attrtypes[attnum]->attstorage = TypInfo[typeoid].storage;
+		attrtypes[attnum]->attcompression = InvalidCompressionMethod;
+		attrtypes[attnum]->attcollation = TypInfo[typeoid].collation;
+		/* if an array type, assume 1-dimensional attribute */
+		if (TypInfo[typeoid].elem != InvalidOid &&
+			attrtypes[attnum]->attlen < 0)
+			attrtypes[attnum]->attndims = 1;
+		else
+			attrtypes[attnum]->attndims = 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If a system catalog column is collation-aware, force it to use C
+	 * collation, so that its behavior is independent of the database's
+	 * collation.  This is essential to allow template0 to be cloned with a
+	 * different database collation.
+	 */
+	if (OidIsValid(attrtypes[attnum]->attcollation))
+		attrtypes[attnum]->attcollation = C_COLLATION_OID;
+
+	attrtypes[attnum]->attstattarget = -1;
+	attrtypes[attnum]->attcacheoff = -1;
+	attrtypes[attnum]->atttypmod = -1;
+	attrtypes[attnum]->attislocal = true;
+
+	if (nullness == BOOTCOL_NULL_FORCE_NOT_NULL)
+	{
+		attrtypes[attnum]->attnotnull = true;
+	}
+	else if (nullness == BOOTCOL_NULL_FORCE_NULL)
+	{
+		attrtypes[attnum]->attnotnull = false;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		Assert(nullness == BOOTCOL_NULL_AUTO);
+
+		/*
+		 * Mark as "not null" if type is fixed-width and prior columns are
+		 * likewise fixed-width and not-null.  This corresponds to case where
+		 * column can be accessed directly via C struct declaration.
+		 */
+		if (attrtypes[attnum]->attlen > 0)
+		{
+			int			i;
+
+			/* check earlier attributes */
+			for (i = 0; i < attnum; i++)
+			{
+				if (attrtypes[i]->attlen <= 0 ||
+					!attrtypes[i]->attnotnull)
+					break;
+			}
+			if (i == attnum)
+				attrtypes[attnum]->attnotnull = true;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+/* ----------------
+ *		InsertOneTuple
+ *
+ * If objectid is not zero, it is a specific OID to assign to the tuple.
+ * Otherwise, an OID will be assigned (if necessary) by heap_insert.
+ * ----------------
+ */
+void
+InsertOneTuple(void)
+{
+	HeapTuple	tuple;
+	TupleDesc	tupDesc;
+	int			i;
+
+	elog(DEBUG4, "inserting row with %d columns", numattr);
+
+	tupDesc = CreateTupleDesc(numattr, attrtypes);
+	tuple = heap_form_tuple(tupDesc, values, Nulls);
+	pfree(tupDesc);				/* just free's tupDesc, not the attrtypes */
+
+	simple_heap_insert(boot_reldesc, tuple);
+	heap_freetuple(tuple);
+	elog(DEBUG4, "row inserted");
+
+	/*
+	 * Reset null markers for next tuple
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < numattr; i++)
+		Nulls[i] = false;
+}
+
+/* ----------------
+ *		InsertOneValue
+ * ----------------
+ */
+void
+InsertOneValue(char *value, int i)
+{
+	Oid			typoid;
+	int16		typlen;
+	bool		typbyval;
+	char		typalign;
+	char		typdelim;
+	Oid			typioparam;
+	Oid			typinput;
+	Oid			typoutput;
+
+	Assert(i >= 0 && i < MAXATTR);
+
+	elog(DEBUG4, "inserting column %d value \"%s\"", i, value);
+
+	typoid = TupleDescAttr(boot_reldesc->rd_att, i)->atttypid;
+
+	boot_get_type_io_data(typoid,
+						  &typlen, &typbyval, &typalign,
+						  &typdelim, &typioparam,
+						  &typinput, &typoutput);
+
+	values[i] = OidInputFunctionCall(typinput, value, typioparam, -1);
+
+	/*
+	 * We use ereport not elog here so that parameters aren't evaluated unless
+	 * the message is going to be printed, which generally it isn't
+	 */
+	ereport(DEBUG4,
+			(errmsg_internal("inserted -> %s",
+							 OidOutputFunctionCall(typoutput, values[i]))));
+}
+
+/* ----------------
+ *		InsertOneNull
+ * ----------------
+ */
+void
+InsertOneNull(int i)
+{
+	elog(DEBUG4, "inserting column %d NULL", i);
+	Assert(i >= 0 && i < MAXATTR);
+	if (TupleDescAttr(boot_reldesc->rd_att, i)->attnotnull)
+		elog(ERROR,
+			 "NULL value specified for not-null column \"%s\" of relation \"%s\"",
+			 NameStr(TupleDescAttr(boot_reldesc->rd_att, i)->attname),
+			 RelationGetRelationName(boot_reldesc));
+	values[i] = PointerGetDatum(NULL);
+	Nulls[i] = true;
+}
+
+/* ----------------
+ *		cleanup
+ * ----------------
+ */
+static void
+cleanup(void)
+{
+	if (boot_reldesc != NULL)
+		closerel(NULL);
+}
+
+/* ----------------
+ *		populate_typ_list
+ *
+ * Load the Typ list by reading pg_type.
+ * ----------------
+ */
+static void
+populate_typ_list(void)
+{
+	Relation	rel;
+	TableScanDesc scan;
+	HeapTuple	tup;
+	MemoryContext old;
+
+	Assert(Typ == NIL);
+
+	rel = table_open(TypeRelationId, NoLock);
+	scan = table_beginscan_catalog(rel, 0, NULL);
+	old = MemoryContextSwitchTo(TopMemoryContext);
+	while ((tup = heap_getnext(scan, ForwardScanDirection)) != NULL)
+	{
+		Form_pg_type typForm = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tup);
+		struct typmap *newtyp;
+
+		newtyp = (struct typmap *) palloc(sizeof(struct typmap));
+		Typ = lappend(Typ, newtyp);
+
+		newtyp->am_oid = typForm->oid;
+		memcpy(&newtyp->am_typ, typForm, sizeof(newtyp->am_typ));
+	}
+	MemoryContextSwitchTo(old);
+	table_endscan(scan);
+	table_close(rel, NoLock);
+}
+
+/* ----------------
+ *		gettype
+ *
+ * NB: this is really ugly; it will return an integer index into TypInfo[],
+ * and not an OID at all, until the first reference to a type not known in
+ * TypInfo[].  At that point it will read and cache pg_type in Typ,
+ * and subsequently return a real OID (and set the global pointer Ap to
+ * point at the found row in Typ).  So caller must check whether Typ is
+ * still NIL to determine what the return value is!
+ * ----------------
+ */
+static Oid
+gettype(char *type)
+{
+	if (Typ != NIL)
+	{
+		ListCell   *lc;
+
+		foreach(lc, Typ)
+		{
+			struct typmap *app = lfirst(lc);
+
+			if (strncmp(NameStr(app->am_typ.typname), type, NAMEDATALEN) == 0)
+			{
+				Ap = app;
+				return app->am_oid;
+			}
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * The type wasn't known; reload the pg_type contents and check again
+		 * to handle composite types, added since last populating the list.
+		 */
+
+		list_free_deep(Typ);
+		Typ = NIL;
+		populate_typ_list();
+
+		/*
+		 * Calling gettype would result in infinite recursion for types
+		 * missing in pg_type, so just repeat the lookup.
+		 */
+		foreach(lc, Typ)
+		{
+			struct typmap *app = lfirst(lc);
+
+			if (strncmp(NameStr(app->am_typ.typname), type, NAMEDATALEN) == 0)
+			{
+				Ap = app;
+				return app->am_oid;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		int			i;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < n_types; i++)
+		{
+			if (strncmp(type, TypInfo[i].name, NAMEDATALEN) == 0)
+				return i;
+		}
+		/* Not in TypInfo, so we'd better be able to read pg_type now */
+		elog(DEBUG4, "external type: %s", type);
+		populate_typ_list();
+		return gettype(type);
+	}
+	elog(ERROR, "unrecognized type \"%s\"", type);
+	/* not reached, here to make compiler happy */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* ----------------
+ *		boot_get_type_io_data
+ *
+ * Obtain type I/O information at bootstrap time.  This intentionally has
+ * almost the same API as lsyscache.c's get_type_io_data, except that
+ * we only support obtaining the typinput and typoutput routines, not
+ * the binary I/O routines.  It is exported so that array_in and array_out
+ * can be made to work during early bootstrap.
+ * ----------------
+ */
+void
+boot_get_type_io_data(Oid typid,
+					  int16 *typlen,
+					  bool *typbyval,
+					  char *typalign,
+					  char *typdelim,
+					  Oid *typioparam,
+					  Oid *typinput,
+					  Oid *typoutput)
+{
+	if (Typ != NIL)
+	{
+		/* We have the boot-time contents of pg_type, so use it */
+		struct typmap *ap = NULL;
+		ListCell   *lc;
+
+		foreach(lc, Typ)
+		{
+			ap = lfirst(lc);
+			if (ap->am_oid == typid)
+				break;
+		}
+
+		if (!ap || ap->am_oid != typid)
+			elog(ERROR, "type OID %u not found in Typ list", typid);
+
+		*typlen = ap->am_typ.typlen;
+		*typbyval = ap->am_typ.typbyval;
+		*typalign = ap->am_typ.typalign;
+		*typdelim = ap->am_typ.typdelim;
+
+		/* XXX this logic must match getTypeIOParam() */
+		if (OidIsValid(ap->am_typ.typelem))
+			*typioparam = ap->am_typ.typelem;
+		else
+			*typioparam = typid;
+
+		*typinput = ap->am_typ.typinput;
+		*typoutput = ap->am_typ.typoutput;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/* We don't have pg_type yet, so use the hard-wired TypInfo array */
+		int			typeindex;
+
+		for (typeindex = 0; typeindex < n_types; typeindex++)
+		{
+			if (TypInfo[typeindex].oid == typid)
+				break;
+		}
+		if (typeindex >= n_types)
+			elog(ERROR, "type OID %u not found in TypInfo", typid);
+
+		*typlen = TypInfo[typeindex].len;
+		*typbyval = TypInfo[typeindex].byval;
+		*typalign = TypInfo[typeindex].align;
+		/* We assume typdelim is ',' for all boot-time types */
+		*typdelim = ',';
+
+		/* XXX this logic must match getTypeIOParam() */
+		if (OidIsValid(TypInfo[typeindex].elem))
+			*typioparam = TypInfo[typeindex].elem;
+		else
+			*typioparam = typid;
+
+		*typinput = TypInfo[typeindex].inproc;
+		*typoutput = TypInfo[typeindex].outproc;
+	}
+}
+
+/* ----------------
+ *		AllocateAttribute
+ *
+ * Note: bootstrap never sets any per-column ACLs, so we only need
+ * ATTRIBUTE_FIXED_PART_SIZE space per attribute.
+ * ----------------
+ */
+static Form_pg_attribute
+AllocateAttribute(void)
+{
+	return (Form_pg_attribute)
+		MemoryContextAllocZero(TopMemoryContext, ATTRIBUTE_FIXED_PART_SIZE);
+}
+
+/*
+ *	index_register() -- record an index that has been set up for building
+ *						later.
+ *
+ *		At bootstrap time, we define a bunch of indexes on system catalogs.
+ *		We postpone actually building the indexes until just before we're
+ *		finished with initialization, however.  This is because the indexes
+ *		themselves have catalog entries, and those have to be included in the
+ *		indexes on those catalogs.  Doing it in two phases is the simplest
+ *		way of making sure the indexes have the right contents at the end.
+ */
+void
+index_register(Oid heap,
+			   Oid ind,
+			   IndexInfo *indexInfo)
+{
+	IndexList  *newind;
+	MemoryContext oldcxt;
+
+	/*
+	 * XXX mao 10/31/92 -- don't gc index reldescs, associated info at
+	 * bootstrap time.  we'll declare the indexes now, but want to create them
+	 * later.
+	 */
+
+	if (nogc == NULL)
+		nogc = AllocSetContextCreate(NULL,
+									 "BootstrapNoGC",
+									 ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
+
+	oldcxt = MemoryContextSwitchTo(nogc);
+
+	newind = (IndexList *) palloc(sizeof(IndexList));
+	newind->il_heap = heap;
+	newind->il_ind = ind;
+	newind->il_info = (IndexInfo *) palloc(sizeof(IndexInfo));
+
+	memcpy(newind->il_info, indexInfo, sizeof(IndexInfo));
+	/* expressions will likely be null, but may as well copy it */
+	newind->il_info->ii_Expressions =
+		copyObject(indexInfo->ii_Expressions);
+	newind->il_info->ii_ExpressionsState = NIL;
+	/* predicate will likely be null, but may as well copy it */
+	newind->il_info->ii_Predicate =
+		copyObject(indexInfo->ii_Predicate);
+	newind->il_info->ii_PredicateState = NULL;
+	/* no exclusion constraints at bootstrap time, so no need to copy */
+	Assert(indexInfo->ii_ExclusionOps == NULL);
+	Assert(indexInfo->ii_ExclusionProcs == NULL);
+	Assert(indexInfo->ii_ExclusionStrats == NULL);
+
+	newind->il_next = ILHead;
+	ILHead = newind;
+
+	MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcxt);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * build_indices -- fill in all the indexes registered earlier
+ */
+void
+build_indices(void)
+{
+	for (; ILHead != NULL; ILHead = ILHead->il_next)
+	{
+		Relation	heap;
+		Relation	ind;
+
+		/* need not bother with locks during bootstrap */
+		heap = table_open(ILHead->il_heap, NoLock);
+		ind = index_open(ILHead->il_ind, NoLock);
+
+		index_build(heap, ind, ILHead->il_info, false, false);
+
+		index_close(ind, NoLock);
+		table_close(heap, NoLock);
+	}
+}