path: root/src/test/regress/expected/partition_prune.out

--
-- Test partitioning planner code
--
-- Force generic plans to be used for all prepared statements in this file.
set plan_cache_mode = force_generic_plan;
create table lp (a char) partition by list (a);
create table lp_default partition of lp default;
create table lp_ef partition of lp for values in ('e', 'f');
create table lp_ad partition of lp for values in ('a', 'd');
create table lp_bc partition of lp for values in ('b', 'c');
create table lp_g partition of lp for values in ('g');
create table lp_null partition of lp for values in (null);
explain (costs off) select * from lp;
            QUERY PLAN             
-----------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_ad lp_1
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_bc lp_2
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_ef lp_3
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_g lp_4
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_null lp_5
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_default lp_6
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from lp where a > 'a' and a < 'd';
                        QUERY PLAN                         
-----------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_bc lp_1
         Filter: ((a > 'a'::bpchar) AND (a < 'd'::bpchar))
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_default lp_2
         Filter: ((a > 'a'::bpchar) AND (a < 'd'::bpchar))
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from lp where a > 'a' and a <= 'd';
                         QUERY PLAN                         
------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_ad lp_1
         Filter: ((a > 'a'::bpchar) AND (a <= 'd'::bpchar))
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_bc lp_2
         Filter: ((a > 'a'::bpchar) AND (a <= 'd'::bpchar))
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_default lp_3
         Filter: ((a > 'a'::bpchar) AND (a <= 'd'::bpchar))
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from lp where a = 'a';
         QUERY PLAN          
-----------------------------
 Seq Scan on lp_ad lp
   Filter: (a = 'a'::bpchar)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from lp where 'a' = a;	/* commuted */
         QUERY PLAN          
-----------------------------
 Seq Scan on lp_ad lp
   Filter: ('a'::bpchar = a)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from lp where a is not null;
            QUERY PLAN             
-----------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_ad lp_1
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_bc lp_2
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_ef lp_3
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_g lp_4
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_default lp_5
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
(11 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from lp where a is null;
       QUERY PLAN       
------------------------
 Seq Scan on lp_null lp
   Filter: (a IS NULL)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from lp where a = 'a' or a = 'c';
                        QUERY PLAN                        
----------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_ad lp_1
         Filter: ((a = 'a'::bpchar) OR (a = 'c'::bpchar))
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_bc lp_2
         Filter: ((a = 'a'::bpchar) OR (a = 'c'::bpchar))
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from lp where a is not null and (a = 'a' or a = 'c');
                                   QUERY PLAN                                   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_ad lp_1
         Filter: ((a IS NOT NULL) AND ((a = 'a'::bpchar) OR (a = 'c'::bpchar)))
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_bc lp_2
         Filter: ((a IS NOT NULL) AND ((a = 'a'::bpchar) OR (a = 'c'::bpchar)))
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from lp where a <> 'g';
             QUERY PLAN             
------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_ad lp_1
         Filter: (a <> 'g'::bpchar)
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_bc lp_2
         Filter: (a <> 'g'::bpchar)
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_ef lp_3
         Filter: (a <> 'g'::bpchar)
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_default lp_4
         Filter: (a <> 'g'::bpchar)
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from lp where a <> 'a' and a <> 'd';
                         QUERY PLAN                          
-------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_bc lp_1
         Filter: ((a <> 'a'::bpchar) AND (a <> 'd'::bpchar))
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_ef lp_2
         Filter: ((a <> 'a'::bpchar) AND (a <> 'd'::bpchar))
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_g lp_3
         Filter: ((a <> 'a'::bpchar) AND (a <> 'd'::bpchar))
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_default lp_4
         Filter: ((a <> 'a'::bpchar) AND (a <> 'd'::bpchar))
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from lp where a not in ('a', 'd');
                   QUERY PLAN                   
------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_bc lp_1
         Filter: (a <> ALL ('{a,d}'::bpchar[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_ef lp_2
         Filter: (a <> ALL ('{a,d}'::bpchar[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_g lp_3
         Filter: (a <> ALL ('{a,d}'::bpchar[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_default lp_4
         Filter: (a <> ALL ('{a,d}'::bpchar[]))
(9 rows)

-- collation matches the partitioning collation, pruning works
create table coll_pruning (a text collate "C") partition by list (a);
create table coll_pruning_a partition of coll_pruning for values in ('a');
create table coll_pruning_b partition of coll_pruning for values in ('b');
create table coll_pruning_def partition of coll_pruning default;
explain (costs off) select * from coll_pruning where a collate "C" = 'a' collate "C";
               QUERY PLAN                
-----------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on coll_pruning_a coll_pruning
   Filter: (a = 'a'::text COLLATE "C")
(2 rows)

-- collation doesn't match the partitioning collation, no pruning occurs
explain (costs off) select * from coll_pruning where a collate "POSIX" = 'a' collate "POSIX";
                       QUERY PLAN                        
---------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on coll_pruning_a coll_pruning_1
         Filter: ((a)::text = 'a'::text COLLATE "POSIX")
   ->  Seq Scan on coll_pruning_b coll_pruning_2
         Filter: ((a)::text = 'a'::text COLLATE "POSIX")
   ->  Seq Scan on coll_pruning_def coll_pruning_3
         Filter: ((a)::text = 'a'::text COLLATE "POSIX")
(7 rows)

create table rlp (a int, b varchar) partition by range (a);
create table rlp_default partition of rlp default partition by list (a);
create table rlp_default_default partition of rlp_default default;
create table rlp_default_10 partition of rlp_default for values in (10);
create table rlp_default_30 partition of rlp_default for values in (30);
create table rlp_default_null partition of rlp_default for values in (null);
create table rlp1 partition of rlp for values from (minvalue) to (1);
create table rlp2 partition of rlp for values from (1) to (10);
create table rlp3 (b varchar, a int) partition by list (b varchar_ops);
create table rlp3_default partition of rlp3 default;
create table rlp3abcd partition of rlp3 for values in ('ab', 'cd');
create table rlp3efgh partition of rlp3 for values in ('ef', 'gh');
create table rlp3nullxy partition of rlp3 for values in (null, 'xy');
alter table rlp attach partition rlp3 for values from (15) to (20);
create table rlp4 partition of rlp for values from (20) to (30) partition by range (a);
create table rlp4_default partition of rlp4 default;
create table rlp4_1 partition of rlp4 for values from (20) to (25);
create table rlp4_2 partition of rlp4 for values from (25) to (29);
create table rlp5 partition of rlp for values from (31) to (maxvalue) partition by range (a);
create table rlp5_default partition of rlp5 default;
create table rlp5_1 partition of rlp5 for values from (31) to (40);
explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a < 1;
      QUERY PLAN      
----------------------
 Seq Scan on rlp1 rlp
   Filter: (a < 1)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where 1 > a;	/* commuted */
      QUERY PLAN      
----------------------
 Seq Scan on rlp1 rlp
   Filter: (1 > a)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a <= 1;
          QUERY PLAN          
------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp1 rlp_1
         Filter: (a <= 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp2 rlp_2
         Filter: (a <= 1)
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 1;
      QUERY PLAN      
----------------------
 Seq Scan on rlp2 rlp
   Filter: (a = 1)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 1::bigint;		/* same as above */
         QUERY PLAN          
-----------------------------
 Seq Scan on rlp2 rlp
   Filter: (a = '1'::bigint)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 1::numeric;		/* no pruning */
                  QUERY PLAN                   
-----------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp1 rlp_1
         Filter: ((a)::numeric = '1'::numeric)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp2 rlp_2
         Filter: ((a)::numeric = '1'::numeric)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3abcd rlp_3
         Filter: ((a)::numeric = '1'::numeric)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3efgh rlp_4
         Filter: ((a)::numeric = '1'::numeric)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3nullxy rlp_5
         Filter: ((a)::numeric = '1'::numeric)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3_default rlp_6
         Filter: ((a)::numeric = '1'::numeric)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_1 rlp_7
         Filter: ((a)::numeric = '1'::numeric)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_2 rlp_8
         Filter: ((a)::numeric = '1'::numeric)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_default rlp_9
         Filter: ((a)::numeric = '1'::numeric)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_1 rlp_10
         Filter: ((a)::numeric = '1'::numeric)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_default rlp_11
         Filter: ((a)::numeric = '1'::numeric)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_10 rlp_12
         Filter: ((a)::numeric = '1'::numeric)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_30 rlp_13
         Filter: ((a)::numeric = '1'::numeric)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_null rlp_14
         Filter: ((a)::numeric = '1'::numeric)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_default rlp_15
         Filter: ((a)::numeric = '1'::numeric)
(31 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a <= 10;
                 QUERY PLAN                  
---------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp1 rlp_1
         Filter: (a <= 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp2 rlp_2
         Filter: (a <= 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_10 rlp_3
         Filter: (a <= 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_default rlp_4
         Filter: (a <= 10)
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a > 10;
                  QUERY PLAN                  
----------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3abcd rlp_1
         Filter: (a > 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3efgh rlp_2
         Filter: (a > 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3nullxy rlp_3
         Filter: (a > 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3_default rlp_4
         Filter: (a > 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_1 rlp_5
         Filter: (a > 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_2 rlp_6
         Filter: (a > 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_default rlp_7
         Filter: (a > 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_1 rlp_8
         Filter: (a > 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_default rlp_9
         Filter: (a > 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_30 rlp_10
         Filter: (a > 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_default rlp_11
         Filter: (a > 10)
(23 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a < 15;
                 QUERY PLAN                  
---------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp1 rlp_1
         Filter: (a < 15)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp2 rlp_2
         Filter: (a < 15)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_10 rlp_3
         Filter: (a < 15)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_default rlp_4
         Filter: (a < 15)
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a <= 15;
                 QUERY PLAN                  
---------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp1 rlp_1
         Filter: (a <= 15)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp2 rlp_2
         Filter: (a <= 15)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3abcd rlp_3
         Filter: (a <= 15)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3efgh rlp_4
         Filter: (a <= 15)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3nullxy rlp_5
         Filter: (a <= 15)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3_default rlp_6
         Filter: (a <= 15)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_10 rlp_7
         Filter: (a <= 15)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_default rlp_8
         Filter: (a <= 15)
(17 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a > 15 and b = 'ab';
                       QUERY PLAN                        
---------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3abcd rlp_1
         Filter: ((a > 15) AND ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_1 rlp_2
         Filter: ((a > 15) AND ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_2 rlp_3
         Filter: ((a > 15) AND ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_default rlp_4
         Filter: ((a > 15) AND ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_1 rlp_5
         Filter: ((a > 15) AND ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_default rlp_6
         Filter: ((a > 15) AND ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_30 rlp_7
         Filter: ((a > 15) AND ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_default rlp_8
         Filter: ((a > 15) AND ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
(17 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 16;
              QUERY PLAN              
--------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3abcd rlp_1
         Filter: (a = 16)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3efgh rlp_2
         Filter: (a = 16)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3nullxy rlp_3
         Filter: (a = 16)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3_default rlp_4
         Filter: (a = 16)
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 16 and b in ('not', 'in', 'here');
                              QUERY PLAN                              
----------------------------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on rlp3_default rlp
   Filter: ((a = 16) AND ((b)::text = ANY ('{not,in,here}'::text[])))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 16 and b < 'ab';
                    QUERY PLAN                     
---------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on rlp3_default rlp
   Filter: (((b)::text < 'ab'::text) AND (a = 16))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 16 and b <= 'ab';
                        QUERY PLAN                        
----------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3abcd rlp_1
         Filter: (((b)::text <= 'ab'::text) AND (a = 16))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3_default rlp_2
         Filter: (((b)::text <= 'ab'::text) AND (a = 16))
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 16 and b is null;
              QUERY PLAN              
--------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on rlp3nullxy rlp
   Filter: ((b IS NULL) AND (a = 16))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 16 and b is not null;
                   QUERY PLAN                   
------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3abcd rlp_1
         Filter: ((b IS NOT NULL) AND (a = 16))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3efgh rlp_2
         Filter: ((b IS NOT NULL) AND (a = 16))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3nullxy rlp_3
         Filter: ((b IS NOT NULL) AND (a = 16))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3_default rlp_4
         Filter: ((b IS NOT NULL) AND (a = 16))
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a is null;
            QUERY PLAN            
----------------------------------
 Seq Scan on rlp_default_null rlp
   Filter: (a IS NULL)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a is not null;
                  QUERY PLAN                  
----------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp1 rlp_1
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp2 rlp_2
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3abcd rlp_3
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3efgh rlp_4
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3nullxy rlp_5
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3_default rlp_6
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_1 rlp_7
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_2 rlp_8
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_default rlp_9
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_1 rlp_10
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_default rlp_11
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_10 rlp_12
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_30 rlp_13
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_default rlp_14
         Filter: (a IS NOT NULL)
(29 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a > 30;
                 QUERY PLAN                  
---------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_1 rlp_1
         Filter: (a > 30)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_default rlp_2
         Filter: (a > 30)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_default rlp_3
         Filter: (a > 30)
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 30;	/* only default is scanned */
           QUERY PLAN           
--------------------------------
 Seq Scan on rlp_default_30 rlp
   Filter: (a = 30)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a <= 31;
                  QUERY PLAN                  
----------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp1 rlp_1
         Filter: (a <= 31)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp2 rlp_2
         Filter: (a <= 31)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3abcd rlp_3
         Filter: (a <= 31)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3efgh rlp_4
         Filter: (a <= 31)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3nullxy rlp_5
         Filter: (a <= 31)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3_default rlp_6
         Filter: (a <= 31)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_1 rlp_7
         Filter: (a <= 31)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_2 rlp_8
         Filter: (a <= 31)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_default rlp_9
         Filter: (a <= 31)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_1 rlp_10
         Filter: (a <= 31)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_10 rlp_11
         Filter: (a <= 31)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_30 rlp_12
         Filter: (a <= 31)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_default rlp_13
         Filter: (a <= 31)
(27 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 1 or a = 7;
           QUERY PLAN           
--------------------------------
 Seq Scan on rlp2 rlp
   Filter: ((a = 1) OR (a = 7))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 1 or b = 'ab';
                      QUERY PLAN                       
-------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp1 rlp_1
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp2 rlp_2
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3abcd rlp_3
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_1 rlp_4
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_2 rlp_5
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_default rlp_6
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_1 rlp_7
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_default rlp_8
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_10 rlp_9
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_30 rlp_10
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_null rlp_11
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_default rlp_12
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR ((b)::text = 'ab'::text))
(25 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a > 20 and a < 27;
               QUERY PLAN                
-----------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_1 rlp_1
         Filter: ((a > 20) AND (a < 27))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_2 rlp_2
         Filter: ((a > 20) AND (a < 27))
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 29;
          QUERY PLAN          
------------------------------
 Seq Scan on rlp4_default rlp
   Filter: (a = 29)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a >= 29;
                 QUERY PLAN                  
---------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_default rlp_1
         Filter: (a >= 29)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_1 rlp_2
         Filter: (a >= 29)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_default rlp_3
         Filter: (a >= 29)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_30 rlp_4
         Filter: (a >= 29)
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_default rlp_5
         Filter: (a >= 29)
(11 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a < 1 or (a > 20 and a < 25);
                      QUERY PLAN                      
------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp1 rlp_1
         Filter: ((a < 1) OR ((a > 20) AND (a < 25)))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_1 rlp_2
         Filter: ((a < 1) OR ((a > 20) AND (a < 25)))
(5 rows)

-- where clause contradicts sub-partition's constraint
explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 20 or a = 40;
               QUERY PLAN               
----------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_1 rlp_1
         Filter: ((a = 20) OR (a = 40))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_default rlp_2
         Filter: ((a = 20) OR (a = 40))
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp3 where a = 20;   /* empty */
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

-- redundant clauses are eliminated
explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a > 1 and a = 10;	/* only default */
            QUERY PLAN            
----------------------------------
 Seq Scan on rlp_default_10 rlp
   Filter: ((a > 1) AND (a = 10))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a > 1 and a >=15;	/* rlp3 onwards, including default */
                  QUERY PLAN                  
----------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3abcd rlp_1
         Filter: ((a > 1) AND (a >= 15))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3efgh rlp_2
         Filter: ((a > 1) AND (a >= 15))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3nullxy rlp_3
         Filter: ((a > 1) AND (a >= 15))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3_default rlp_4
         Filter: ((a > 1) AND (a >= 15))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_1 rlp_5
         Filter: ((a > 1) AND (a >= 15))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_2 rlp_6
         Filter: ((a > 1) AND (a >= 15))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp4_default rlp_7
         Filter: ((a > 1) AND (a >= 15))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_1 rlp_8
         Filter: ((a > 1) AND (a >= 15))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp5_default rlp_9
         Filter: ((a > 1) AND (a >= 15))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_30 rlp_10
         Filter: ((a > 1) AND (a >= 15))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp_default_default rlp_11
         Filter: ((a > 1) AND (a >= 15))
(23 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 1 and a = 3;	/* empty */
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rlp where (a = 1 and a = 3) or (a > 1 and a = 15);
                            QUERY PLAN                             
-------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp2 rlp_1
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (a = 3)) OR ((a > 1) AND (a = 15)))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3abcd rlp_2
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (a = 3)) OR ((a > 1) AND (a = 15)))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3efgh rlp_3
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (a = 3)) OR ((a > 1) AND (a = 15)))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3nullxy rlp_4
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (a = 3)) OR ((a > 1) AND (a = 15)))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3_default rlp_5
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (a = 3)) OR ((a > 1) AND (a = 15)))
(11 rows)

-- multi-column keys
create table mc3p (a int, b int, c int) partition by range (a, abs(b), c);
create table mc3p_default partition of mc3p default;
create table mc3p0 partition of mc3p for values from (minvalue, minvalue, minvalue) to (1, 1, 1);
create table mc3p1 partition of mc3p for values from (1, 1, 1) to (10, 5, 10);
create table mc3p2 partition of mc3p for values from (10, 5, 10) to (10, 10, 10);
create table mc3p3 partition of mc3p for values from (10, 10, 10) to (10, 10, 20);
create table mc3p4 partition of mc3p for values from (10, 10, 20) to (10, maxvalue, maxvalue);
create table mc3p5 partition of mc3p for values from (11, 1, 1) to (20, 10, 10);
create table mc3p6 partition of mc3p for values from (20, 10, 10) to (20, 20, 20);
create table mc3p7 partition of mc3p for values from (20, 20, 20) to (maxvalue, maxvalue, maxvalue);
explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where a = 1;
              QUERY PLAN               
---------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p0 mc3p_1
         Filter: (a = 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_2
         Filter: (a = 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_3
         Filter: (a = 1)
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where a = 1 and abs(b) < 1;
                 QUERY PLAN                 
--------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p0 mc3p_1
         Filter: ((a = 1) AND (abs(b) < 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_2
         Filter: ((a = 1) AND (abs(b) < 1))
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where a = 1 and abs(b) = 1;
                 QUERY PLAN                 
--------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p0 mc3p_1
         Filter: ((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_2
         Filter: ((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_3
         Filter: ((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where a = 1 and abs(b) = 1 and c < 8;
                       QUERY PLAN                       
--------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p0 mc3p_1
         Filter: ((c < 8) AND (a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_2
         Filter: ((c < 8) AND (a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where a = 10 and abs(b) between 5 and 35;
                           QUERY PLAN                            
-----------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_1
         Filter: ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) >= 5) AND (abs(b) <= 35))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p2 mc3p_2
         Filter: ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) >= 5) AND (abs(b) <= 35))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p3 mc3p_3
         Filter: ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) >= 5) AND (abs(b) <= 35))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p4 mc3p_4
         Filter: ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) >= 5) AND (abs(b) <= 35))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_5
         Filter: ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) >= 5) AND (abs(b) <= 35))
(11 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where a > 10;
              QUERY PLAN               
---------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p5 mc3p_1
         Filter: (a > 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p6 mc3p_2
         Filter: (a > 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p7 mc3p_3
         Filter: (a > 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_4
         Filter: (a > 10)
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where a >= 10;
              QUERY PLAN               
---------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_1
         Filter: (a >= 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p2 mc3p_2
         Filter: (a >= 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p3 mc3p_3
         Filter: (a >= 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p4 mc3p_4
         Filter: (a >= 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p5 mc3p_5
         Filter: (a >= 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p6 mc3p_6
         Filter: (a >= 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p7 mc3p_7
         Filter: (a >= 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_8
         Filter: (a >= 10)
(17 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where a < 10;
              QUERY PLAN               
---------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p0 mc3p_1
         Filter: (a < 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_2
         Filter: (a < 10)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_3
         Filter: (a < 10)
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where a <= 10 and abs(b) < 10;
                  QUERY PLAN                   
-----------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p0 mc3p_1
         Filter: ((a <= 10) AND (abs(b) < 10))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_2
         Filter: ((a <= 10) AND (abs(b) < 10))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p2 mc3p_3
         Filter: ((a <= 10) AND (abs(b) < 10))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_4
         Filter: ((a <= 10) AND (abs(b) < 10))
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where a = 11 and abs(b) = 0;
              QUERY PLAN               
---------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p
   Filter: ((a = 11) AND (abs(b) = 0))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where a = 20 and abs(b) = 10 and c = 100;
                      QUERY PLAN                      
------------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on mc3p6 mc3p
   Filter: ((a = 20) AND (c = 100) AND (abs(b) = 10))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where a > 20;
              QUERY PLAN               
---------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p7 mc3p_1
         Filter: (a > 20)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_2
         Filter: (a > 20)
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where a >= 20;
              QUERY PLAN               
---------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p5 mc3p_1
         Filter: (a >= 20)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p6 mc3p_2
         Filter: (a >= 20)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p7 mc3p_3
         Filter: (a >= 20)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_4
         Filter: (a >= 20)
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where (a = 1 and abs(b) = 1 and c = 1) or (a = 10 and abs(b) = 5 and c = 10) or (a > 11 and a < 20);
                                                           QUERY PLAN                                                            
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_1
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1) AND (c = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 5) AND (c = 10)) OR ((a > 11) AND (a < 20)))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p2 mc3p_2
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1) AND (c = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 5) AND (c = 10)) OR ((a > 11) AND (a < 20)))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p5 mc3p_3
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1) AND (c = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 5) AND (c = 10)) OR ((a > 11) AND (a < 20)))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_4
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1) AND (c = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 5) AND (c = 10)) OR ((a > 11) AND (a < 20)))
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where (a = 1 and abs(b) = 1 and c = 1) or (a = 10 and abs(b) = 5 and c = 10) or (a > 11 and a < 20) or a < 1;
                                                                 QUERY PLAN                                                                 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p0 mc3p_1
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1) AND (c = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 5) AND (c = 10)) OR ((a > 11) AND (a < 20)) OR (a < 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_2
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1) AND (c = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 5) AND (c = 10)) OR ((a > 11) AND (a < 20)) OR (a < 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p2 mc3p_3
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1) AND (c = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 5) AND (c = 10)) OR ((a > 11) AND (a < 20)) OR (a < 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p5 mc3p_4
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1) AND (c = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 5) AND (c = 10)) OR ((a > 11) AND (a < 20)) OR (a < 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_5
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1) AND (c = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 5) AND (c = 10)) OR ((a > 11) AND (a < 20)) OR (a < 1))
(11 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where (a = 1 and abs(b) = 1 and c = 1) or (a = 10 and abs(b) = 5 and c = 10) or (a > 11 and a < 20) or a < 1 or a = 1;
                                                                      QUERY PLAN                                                                       
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p0 mc3p_1
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1) AND (c = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 5) AND (c = 10)) OR ((a > 11) AND (a < 20)) OR (a < 1) OR (a = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_2
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1) AND (c = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 5) AND (c = 10)) OR ((a > 11) AND (a < 20)) OR (a < 1) OR (a = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p2 mc3p_3
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1) AND (c = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 5) AND (c = 10)) OR ((a > 11) AND (a < 20)) OR (a < 1) OR (a = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p5 mc3p_4
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1) AND (c = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 5) AND (c = 10)) OR ((a > 11) AND (a < 20)) OR (a < 1) OR (a = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_5
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1) AND (c = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 5) AND (c = 10)) OR ((a > 11) AND (a < 20)) OR (a < 1) OR (a = 1))
(11 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where a = 1 or abs(b) = 1 or c = 1;
                      QUERY PLAN                      
------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p0 mc3p_1
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR (abs(b) = 1) OR (c = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_2
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR (abs(b) = 1) OR (c = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p2 mc3p_3
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR (abs(b) = 1) OR (c = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p3 mc3p_4
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR (abs(b) = 1) OR (c = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p4 mc3p_5
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR (abs(b) = 1) OR (c = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p5 mc3p_6
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR (abs(b) = 1) OR (c = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p6 mc3p_7
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR (abs(b) = 1) OR (c = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p7 mc3p_8
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR (abs(b) = 1) OR (c = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_9
         Filter: ((a = 1) OR (abs(b) = 1) OR (c = 1))
(19 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where (a = 1 and abs(b) = 1) or (a = 10 and abs(b) = 10);
                                  QUERY PLAN                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p0 mc3p_1
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 10)))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_2
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 10)))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p2 mc3p_3
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 10)))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p3 mc3p_4
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 10)))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p4 mc3p_5
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 10)))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_6
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 10)))
(13 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc3p where (a = 1 and abs(b) = 1) or (a = 10 and abs(b) = 9);
                                 QUERY PLAN                                  
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p0 mc3p_1
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 9)))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_2
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 9)))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p2 mc3p_3
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 9)))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default mc3p_4
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1)) OR ((a = 10) AND (abs(b) = 9)))
(9 rows)

-- a simpler multi-column keys case
create table mc2p (a int, b int) partition by range (a, b);
create table mc2p_default partition of mc2p default;
create table mc2p0 partition of mc2p for values from (minvalue, minvalue) to (1, minvalue);
create table mc2p1 partition of mc2p for values from (1, minvalue) to (1, 1);
create table mc2p2 partition of mc2p for values from (1, 1) to (2, minvalue);
create table mc2p3 partition of mc2p for values from (2, minvalue) to (2, 1);
create table mc2p4 partition of mc2p for values from (2, 1) to (2, maxvalue);
create table mc2p5 partition of mc2p for values from (2, maxvalue) to (maxvalue, maxvalue);
explain (costs off) select * from mc2p where a < 2;
              QUERY PLAN               
---------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc2p0 mc2p_1
         Filter: (a < 2)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc2p1 mc2p_2
         Filter: (a < 2)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc2p2 mc2p_3
         Filter: (a < 2)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc2p_default mc2p_4
         Filter: (a < 2)
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc2p where a = 2 and b < 1;
           QUERY PLAN            
---------------------------------
 Seq Scan on mc2p3 mc2p
   Filter: ((b < 1) AND (a = 2))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc2p where a > 1;
              QUERY PLAN               
---------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on mc2p2 mc2p_1
         Filter: (a > 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc2p3 mc2p_2
         Filter: (a > 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc2p4 mc2p_3
         Filter: (a > 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc2p5 mc2p_4
         Filter: (a > 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc2p_default mc2p_5
         Filter: (a > 1)
(11 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc2p where a = 1 and b > 1;
           QUERY PLAN            
---------------------------------
 Seq Scan on mc2p2 mc2p
   Filter: ((b > 1) AND (a = 1))
(2 rows)

-- all partitions but the default one should be pruned
explain (costs off) select * from mc2p where a = 1 and b is null;
             QUERY PLAN              
-------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on mc2p_default mc2p
   Filter: ((b IS NULL) AND (a = 1))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc2p where a is null and b is null;
               QUERY PLAN                
-----------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on mc2p_default mc2p
   Filter: ((a IS NULL) AND (b IS NULL))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc2p where a is null and b = 1;
             QUERY PLAN              
-------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on mc2p_default mc2p
   Filter: ((a IS NULL) AND (b = 1))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc2p where a is null;
          QUERY PLAN           
-------------------------------
 Seq Scan on mc2p_default mc2p
   Filter: (a IS NULL)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from mc2p where b is null;
          QUERY PLAN           
-------------------------------
 Seq Scan on mc2p_default mc2p
   Filter: (b IS NULL)
(2 rows)

-- boolean partitioning
create table boolpart (a bool) partition by list (a);
create table boolpart_default partition of boolpart default;
create table boolpart_t partition of boolpart for values in ('true');
create table boolpart_f partition of boolpart for values in ('false');
insert into boolpart values (true), (false), (null);
explain (costs off) select * from boolpart where a in (true, false);
                   QUERY PLAN                   
------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_f boolpart_1
         Filter: (a = ANY ('{t,f}'::boolean[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_t boolpart_2
         Filter: (a = ANY ('{t,f}'::boolean[]))
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from boolpart where a = false;
           QUERY PLAN            
---------------------------------
 Seq Scan on boolpart_f boolpart
   Filter: (NOT a)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from boolpart where not a = false;
           QUERY PLAN            
---------------------------------
 Seq Scan on boolpart_t boolpart
   Filter: a
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from boolpart where a is true or a is not true;
                    QUERY PLAN                    
--------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_f boolpart_1
         Filter: ((a IS TRUE) OR (a IS NOT TRUE))
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_t boolpart_2
         Filter: ((a IS TRUE) OR (a IS NOT TRUE))
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_default boolpart_3
         Filter: ((a IS TRUE) OR (a IS NOT TRUE))
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from boolpart where a is not true;
                  QUERY PLAN                   
-----------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_f boolpart_1
         Filter: (a IS NOT TRUE)
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_default boolpart_2
         Filter: (a IS NOT TRUE)
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from boolpart where a is not true and a is not false;
                    QUERY PLAN                    
--------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on boolpart_default boolpart
   Filter: ((a IS NOT TRUE) AND (a IS NOT FALSE))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from boolpart where a is unknown;
                  QUERY PLAN                   
-----------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_f boolpart_1
         Filter: (a IS UNKNOWN)
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_t boolpart_2
         Filter: (a IS UNKNOWN)
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_default boolpart_3
         Filter: (a IS UNKNOWN)
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from boolpart where a is not unknown;
                  QUERY PLAN                   
-----------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_f boolpart_1
         Filter: (a IS NOT UNKNOWN)
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_t boolpart_2
         Filter: (a IS NOT UNKNOWN)
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_default boolpart_3
         Filter: (a IS NOT UNKNOWN)
(7 rows)

select * from boolpart where a in (true, false);
 a 
---
 f
 t
(2 rows)

select * from boolpart where a = false;
 a 
---
 f
(1 row)

select * from boolpart where not a = false;
 a 
---
 t
(1 row)

select * from boolpart where a is true or a is not true;
 a 
---
 f
 t
 
(3 rows)

select * from boolpart where a is not true;
 a 
---
 f
 
(2 rows)

select * from boolpart where a is not true and a is not false;
 a 
---
 
(1 row)

select * from boolpart where a is unknown;
 a 
---
 
(1 row)

select * from boolpart where a is not unknown;
 a 
---
 f
 t
(2 rows)

-- try some other permutations with a NULL partition instead of a DEFAULT
delete from boolpart where a is null;
create table boolpart_null partition of boolpart for values in (null);
insert into boolpart values(null);
explain (costs off) select * from boolpart where a is not true;
                 QUERY PLAN                 
--------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_f boolpart_1
         Filter: (a IS NOT TRUE)
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_null boolpart_2
         Filter: (a IS NOT TRUE)
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from boolpart where a is not true and a is not false;
                    QUERY PLAN                    
--------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on boolpart_null boolpart
   Filter: ((a IS NOT TRUE) AND (a IS NOT FALSE))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from boolpart where a is not false;
                 QUERY PLAN                 
--------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_t boolpart_1
         Filter: (a IS NOT FALSE)
   ->  Seq Scan on boolpart_null boolpart_2
         Filter: (a IS NOT FALSE)
(5 rows)

select * from boolpart where a is not true;
 a 
---
 f
 
(2 rows)

select * from boolpart where a is not true and a is not false;
 a 
---
 
(1 row)

select * from boolpart where a is not false;
 a 
---
 t
 
(2 rows)

-- inverse boolean partitioning - a seemingly unlikely design, but we've got
-- code for it, so we'd better test it.
create table iboolpart (a bool) partition by list ((not a));
create table iboolpart_default partition of iboolpart default;
create table iboolpart_f partition of iboolpart for values in ('true');
create table iboolpart_t partition of iboolpart for values in ('false');
insert into iboolpart values (true), (false), (null);
explain (costs off) select * from iboolpart where a in (true, false);
                   QUERY PLAN                    
-------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_t iboolpart_1
         Filter: (a = ANY ('{t,f}'::boolean[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_f iboolpart_2
         Filter: (a = ANY ('{t,f}'::boolean[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_default iboolpart_3
         Filter: (a = ANY ('{t,f}'::boolean[]))
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from iboolpart where a = false;
            QUERY PLAN             
-----------------------------------
 Seq Scan on iboolpart_f iboolpart
   Filter: (NOT a)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from iboolpart where not a = false;
            QUERY PLAN             
-----------------------------------
 Seq Scan on iboolpart_t iboolpart
   Filter: a
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from iboolpart where a is true or a is not true;
                    QUERY PLAN                    
--------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_t iboolpart_1
         Filter: ((a IS TRUE) OR (a IS NOT TRUE))
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_f iboolpart_2
         Filter: ((a IS TRUE) OR (a IS NOT TRUE))
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_default iboolpart_3
         Filter: ((a IS TRUE) OR (a IS NOT TRUE))
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from iboolpart where a is not true;
                   QUERY PLAN                    
-------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_t iboolpart_1
         Filter: (a IS NOT TRUE)
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_f iboolpart_2
         Filter: (a IS NOT TRUE)
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_default iboolpart_3
         Filter: (a IS NOT TRUE)
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from iboolpart where a is not true and a is not false;
                       QUERY PLAN                       
--------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_t iboolpart_1
         Filter: ((a IS NOT TRUE) AND (a IS NOT FALSE))
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_f iboolpart_2
         Filter: ((a IS NOT TRUE) AND (a IS NOT FALSE))
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_default iboolpart_3
         Filter: ((a IS NOT TRUE) AND (a IS NOT FALSE))
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from iboolpart where a is unknown;
                   QUERY PLAN                    
-------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_t iboolpart_1
         Filter: (a IS UNKNOWN)
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_f iboolpart_2
         Filter: (a IS UNKNOWN)
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_default iboolpart_3
         Filter: (a IS UNKNOWN)
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from iboolpart where a is not unknown;
                   QUERY PLAN                    
-------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_t iboolpart_1
         Filter: (a IS NOT UNKNOWN)
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_f iboolpart_2
         Filter: (a IS NOT UNKNOWN)
   ->  Seq Scan on iboolpart_default iboolpart_3
         Filter: (a IS NOT UNKNOWN)
(7 rows)

select * from iboolpart where a in (true, false);
 a 
---
 t
 f
(2 rows)

select * from iboolpart where a = false;
 a 
---
 f
(1 row)

select * from iboolpart where not a = false;
 a 
---
 t
(1 row)

select * from iboolpart where a is true or a is not true;
 a 
---
 t
 f
 
(3 rows)

select * from iboolpart where a is not true;
 a 
---
 f
 
(2 rows)

select * from iboolpart where a is not true and a is not false;
 a 
---
 
(1 row)

select * from iboolpart where a is unknown;
 a 
---
 
(1 row)

select * from iboolpart where a is not unknown;
 a 
---
 t
 f
(2 rows)

-- Try some other permutations with a NULL partition instead of a DEFAULT
delete from iboolpart where a is null;
create table iboolpart_null partition of iboolpart for values in (null);
insert into iboolpart values(null);
-- Pruning shouldn't take place for these.  Just check the result is correct
select * from iboolpart where a is not true;
 a 
---
 f
 
(2 rows)

select * from iboolpart where a is not true and a is not false;
 a 
---
 
(1 row)

select * from iboolpart where a is not false;
 a 
---
 t
 
(2 rows)

create table boolrangep (a bool, b bool, c int) partition by range (a,b,c);
create table boolrangep_tf partition of boolrangep for values from ('true', 'false', 0) to ('true', 'false', 100);
create table boolrangep_ft partition of boolrangep for values from ('false', 'true', 0) to ('false', 'true', 100);
create table boolrangep_ff1 partition of boolrangep for values from ('false', 'false', 0) to ('false', 'false', 50);
create table boolrangep_ff2 partition of boolrangep for values from ('false', 'false', 50) to ('false', 'false', 100);
create table boolrangep_null partition of boolrangep default;
-- try a more complex case that's been known to trip up pruning in the past
explain (costs off)  select * from boolrangep where not a and not b and c = 25;
                  QUERY PLAN                  
----------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on boolrangep_ff1 boolrangep
   Filter: ((NOT a) AND (NOT b) AND (c = 25))
(2 rows)

-- ensure we prune boolrangep_tf
explain (costs off)  select * from boolrangep where a is not true and not b and c = 25;
                         QUERY PLAN                         
------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on boolrangep_ff1 boolrangep_1
         Filter: ((a IS NOT TRUE) AND (NOT b) AND (c = 25))
   ->  Seq Scan on boolrangep_ff2 boolrangep_2
         Filter: ((a IS NOT TRUE) AND (NOT b) AND (c = 25))
   ->  Seq Scan on boolrangep_ft boolrangep_3
         Filter: ((a IS NOT TRUE) AND (NOT b) AND (c = 25))
   ->  Seq Scan on boolrangep_null boolrangep_4
         Filter: ((a IS NOT TRUE) AND (NOT b) AND (c = 25))
(9 rows)

-- ensure we prune everything apart from boolrangep_tf and boolrangep_null
explain (costs off)  select * from boolrangep where a is not false and not b and c = 25;
                         QUERY PLAN                          
-------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on boolrangep_tf boolrangep_1
         Filter: ((a IS NOT FALSE) AND (NOT b) AND (c = 25))
   ->  Seq Scan on boolrangep_null boolrangep_2
         Filter: ((a IS NOT FALSE) AND (NOT b) AND (c = 25))
(5 rows)

-- test scalar-to-array operators
create table coercepart (a varchar) partition by list (a);
create table coercepart_ab partition of coercepart for values in ('ab');
create table coercepart_bc partition of coercepart for values in ('bc');
create table coercepart_cd partition of coercepart for values in ('cd');
explain (costs off) select * from coercepart where a in ('ab', to_char(125, '999'));
                                                          QUERY PLAN                                                          
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_ab coercepart_1
         Filter: ((a)::text = ANY ((ARRAY['ab'::character varying, (to_char(125, '999'::text))::character varying])::text[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_bc coercepart_2
         Filter: ((a)::text = ANY ((ARRAY['ab'::character varying, (to_char(125, '999'::text))::character varying])::text[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_cd coercepart_3
         Filter: ((a)::text = ANY ((ARRAY['ab'::character varying, (to_char(125, '999'::text))::character varying])::text[]))
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from coercepart where a ~ any ('{ab}');
                     QUERY PLAN                     
----------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_ab coercepart_1
         Filter: ((a)::text ~ ANY ('{ab}'::text[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_bc coercepart_2
         Filter: ((a)::text ~ ANY ('{ab}'::text[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_cd coercepart_3
         Filter: ((a)::text ~ ANY ('{ab}'::text[]))
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from coercepart where a !~ all ('{ab}');
                     QUERY PLAN                      
-----------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_ab coercepart_1
         Filter: ((a)::text !~ ALL ('{ab}'::text[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_bc coercepart_2
         Filter: ((a)::text !~ ALL ('{ab}'::text[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_cd coercepart_3
         Filter: ((a)::text !~ ALL ('{ab}'::text[]))
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from coercepart where a ~ any ('{ab,bc}');
                      QUERY PLAN                       
-------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_ab coercepart_1
         Filter: ((a)::text ~ ANY ('{ab,bc}'::text[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_bc coercepart_2
         Filter: ((a)::text ~ ANY ('{ab,bc}'::text[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_cd coercepart_3
         Filter: ((a)::text ~ ANY ('{ab,bc}'::text[]))
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from coercepart where a !~ all ('{ab,bc}');
                       QUERY PLAN                       
--------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_ab coercepart_1
         Filter: ((a)::text !~ ALL ('{ab,bc}'::text[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_bc coercepart_2
         Filter: ((a)::text !~ ALL ('{ab,bc}'::text[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_cd coercepart_3
         Filter: ((a)::text !~ ALL ('{ab,bc}'::text[]))
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from coercepart where a = any ('{ab,bc}');
                      QUERY PLAN                       
-------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_ab coercepart_1
         Filter: ((a)::text = ANY ('{ab,bc}'::text[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on coercepart_bc coercepart_2
         Filter: ((a)::text = ANY ('{ab,bc}'::text[]))
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from coercepart where a = any ('{ab,null}');
                    QUERY PLAN                     
---------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on coercepart_ab coercepart
   Filter: ((a)::text = ANY ('{ab,NULL}'::text[]))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from coercepart where a = any (null::text[]);
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from coercepart where a = all ('{ab}');
                  QUERY PLAN                  
----------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on coercepart_ab coercepart
   Filter: ((a)::text = ALL ('{ab}'::text[]))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from coercepart where a = all ('{ab,bc}');
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from coercepart where a = all ('{ab,null}');
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from coercepart where a = all (null::text[]);
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

drop table coercepart;
CREATE TABLE part (a INT, b INT) PARTITION BY LIST (a);
CREATE TABLE part_p1 PARTITION OF part FOR VALUES IN (-2,-1,0,1,2);
CREATE TABLE part_p2 PARTITION OF part DEFAULT PARTITION BY RANGE(a);
CREATE TABLE part_p2_p1 PARTITION OF part_p2 DEFAULT;
CREATE TABLE part_rev (b INT, c INT, a INT);
ALTER TABLE part ATTACH PARTITION part_rev FOR VALUES IN (3);  -- fail
ERROR:  table "part_rev" contains column "c" not found in parent "part"
DETAIL:  The new partition may contain only the columns present in parent.
ALTER TABLE part_rev DROP COLUMN c;
ALTER TABLE part ATTACH PARTITION part_rev FOR VALUES IN (3);  -- now it's ok
INSERT INTO part VALUES (-1,-1), (1,1), (2,NULL), (NULL,-2),(NULL,NULL);
EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT tableoid::regclass as part, a, b FROM part WHERE a IS NULL ORDER BY 1, 2, 3;
                       QUERY PLAN                        
---------------------------------------------------------
 Sort
   Sort Key: ((part.tableoid)::regclass), part.a, part.b
   ->  Seq Scan on part_p2_p1 part
         Filter: (a IS NULL)
(4 rows)

EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM part p(x) ORDER BY x;
                  QUERY PLAN                   
-----------------------------------------------
 Sort
   Output: p.x, p.b
   Sort Key: p.x
   ->  Append
         ->  Seq Scan on public.part_p1 p_1
               Output: p_1.x, p_1.b
         ->  Seq Scan on public.part_rev p_2
               Output: p_2.x, p_2.b
         ->  Seq Scan on public.part_p2_p1 p_3
               Output: p_3.x, p_3.b
(10 rows)

--
-- some more cases
--
--
-- pruning for partitioned table appearing inside a sub-query
--
-- pruning won't work for mc3p, because some keys are Params
explain (costs off) select * from mc2p t1, lateral (select count(*) from mc3p t2 where t2.a = t1.b and abs(t2.b) = 1 and t2.c = 1) s where t1.a = 1;
                              QUERY PLAN                               
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
 Nested Loop
   ->  Append
         ->  Seq Scan on mc2p1 t1_1
               Filter: (a = 1)
         ->  Seq Scan on mc2p2 t1_2
               Filter: (a = 1)
         ->  Seq Scan on mc2p_default t1_3
               Filter: (a = 1)
   ->  Aggregate
         ->  Append
               ->  Seq Scan on mc3p0 t2_1
                     Filter: ((a = t1.b) AND (c = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
               ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 t2_2
                     Filter: ((a = t1.b) AND (c = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
               ->  Seq Scan on mc3p2 t2_3
                     Filter: ((a = t1.b) AND (c = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
               ->  Seq Scan on mc3p3 t2_4
                     Filter: ((a = t1.b) AND (c = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
               ->  Seq Scan on mc3p4 t2_5
                     Filter: ((a = t1.b) AND (c = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
               ->  Seq Scan on mc3p5 t2_6
                     Filter: ((a = t1.b) AND (c = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
               ->  Seq Scan on mc3p6 t2_7
                     Filter: ((a = t1.b) AND (c = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
               ->  Seq Scan on mc3p7 t2_8
                     Filter: ((a = t1.b) AND (c = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
               ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default t2_9
                     Filter: ((a = t1.b) AND (c = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
(28 rows)

-- pruning should work fine, because values for a prefix of keys (a, b) are
-- available
explain (costs off) select * from mc2p t1, lateral (select count(*) from mc3p t2 where t2.c = t1.b and abs(t2.b) = 1 and t2.a = 1) s where t1.a = 1;
                              QUERY PLAN                               
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
 Nested Loop
   ->  Append
         ->  Seq Scan on mc2p1 t1_1
               Filter: (a = 1)
         ->  Seq Scan on mc2p2 t1_2
               Filter: (a = 1)
         ->  Seq Scan on mc2p_default t1_3
               Filter: (a = 1)
   ->  Aggregate
         ->  Append
               ->  Seq Scan on mc3p0 t2_1
                     Filter: ((c = t1.b) AND (a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
               ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 t2_2
                     Filter: ((c = t1.b) AND (a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
               ->  Seq Scan on mc3p_default t2_3
                     Filter: ((c = t1.b) AND (a = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
(16 rows)

-- also here, because values for all keys are provided
explain (costs off) select * from mc2p t1, lateral (select count(*) from mc3p t2 where t2.a = 1 and abs(t2.b) = 1 and t2.c = 1) s where t1.a = 1;
                          QUERY PLAN                          
--------------------------------------------------------------
 Nested Loop
   ->  Aggregate
         ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 t2
               Filter: ((a = 1) AND (c = 1) AND (abs(b) = 1))
   ->  Append
         ->  Seq Scan on mc2p1 t1_1
               Filter: (a = 1)
         ->  Seq Scan on mc2p2 t1_2
               Filter: (a = 1)
         ->  Seq Scan on mc2p_default t1_3
               Filter: (a = 1)
(11 rows)

--
-- pruning with clauses containing <> operator
--
-- doesn't prune range partitions
create table rp (a int) partition by range (a);
create table rp0 partition of rp for values from (minvalue) to (1);
create table rp1 partition of rp for values from (1) to (2);
create table rp2 partition of rp for values from (2) to (maxvalue);
explain (costs off) select * from rp where a <> 1;
         QUERY PLAN         
----------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rp0 rp_1
         Filter: (a <> 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on rp1 rp_2
         Filter: (a <> 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on rp2 rp_3
         Filter: (a <> 1)
(7 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from rp where a <> 1 and a <> 2;
               QUERY PLAN                
-----------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rp0 rp_1
         Filter: ((a <> 1) AND (a <> 2))
   ->  Seq Scan on rp1 rp_2
         Filter: ((a <> 1) AND (a <> 2))
   ->  Seq Scan on rp2 rp_3
         Filter: ((a <> 1) AND (a <> 2))
(7 rows)

-- null partition should be eliminated due to strict <> clause.
explain (costs off) select * from lp where a <> 'a';
             QUERY PLAN             
------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_ad lp_1
         Filter: (a <> 'a'::bpchar)
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_bc lp_2
         Filter: (a <> 'a'::bpchar)
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_ef lp_3
         Filter: (a <> 'a'::bpchar)
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_g lp_4
         Filter: (a <> 'a'::bpchar)
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_default lp_5
         Filter: (a <> 'a'::bpchar)
(11 rows)

-- ensure we detect contradictions in clauses; a can't be NULL and NOT NULL.
explain (costs off) select * from lp where a <> 'a' and a is null;
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from lp where (a <> 'a' and a <> 'd') or a is null;
                                  QUERY PLAN                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_bc lp_1
         Filter: (((a <> 'a'::bpchar) AND (a <> 'd'::bpchar)) OR (a IS NULL))
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_ef lp_2
         Filter: (((a <> 'a'::bpchar) AND (a <> 'd'::bpchar)) OR (a IS NULL))
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_g lp_3
         Filter: (((a <> 'a'::bpchar) AND (a <> 'd'::bpchar)) OR (a IS NULL))
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_null lp_4
         Filter: (((a <> 'a'::bpchar) AND (a <> 'd'::bpchar)) OR (a IS NULL))
   ->  Seq Scan on lp_default lp_5
         Filter: (((a <> 'a'::bpchar) AND (a <> 'd'::bpchar)) OR (a IS NULL))
(11 rows)

-- check that it also works for a partitioned table that's not root,
-- which in this case are partitions of rlp that are themselves
-- list-partitioned on b
explain (costs off) select * from rlp where a = 15 and b <> 'ab' and b <> 'cd' and b <> 'xy' and b is not null;
                                                                QUERY PLAN                                                                
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3efgh rlp_1
         Filter: ((b IS NOT NULL) AND ((b)::text <> 'ab'::text) AND ((b)::text <> 'cd'::text) AND ((b)::text <> 'xy'::text) AND (a = 15))
   ->  Seq Scan on rlp3_default rlp_2
         Filter: ((b IS NOT NULL) AND ((b)::text <> 'ab'::text) AND ((b)::text <> 'cd'::text) AND ((b)::text <> 'xy'::text) AND (a = 15))
(5 rows)

--
-- different collations for different keys with same expression
--
create table coll_pruning_multi (a text) partition by range (substr(a, 1) collate "POSIX", substr(a, 1) collate "C");
create table coll_pruning_multi1 partition of coll_pruning_multi for values from ('a', 'a') to ('a', 'e');
create table coll_pruning_multi2 partition of coll_pruning_multi for values from ('a', 'e') to ('a', 'z');
create table coll_pruning_multi3 partition of coll_pruning_multi for values from ('b', 'a') to ('b', 'e');
-- no pruning, because no value for the leading key
explain (costs off) select * from coll_pruning_multi where substr(a, 1) = 'e' collate "C";
                         QUERY PLAN                         
------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on coll_pruning_multi1 coll_pruning_multi_1
         Filter: (substr(a, 1) = 'e'::text COLLATE "C")
   ->  Seq Scan on coll_pruning_multi2 coll_pruning_multi_2
         Filter: (substr(a, 1) = 'e'::text COLLATE "C")
   ->  Seq Scan on coll_pruning_multi3 coll_pruning_multi_3
         Filter: (substr(a, 1) = 'e'::text COLLATE "C")
(7 rows)

-- pruning, with a value provided for the leading key
explain (costs off) select * from coll_pruning_multi where substr(a, 1) = 'a' collate "POSIX";
                         QUERY PLAN                         
------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on coll_pruning_multi1 coll_pruning_multi_1
         Filter: (substr(a, 1) = 'a'::text COLLATE "POSIX")
   ->  Seq Scan on coll_pruning_multi2 coll_pruning_multi_2
         Filter: (substr(a, 1) = 'a'::text COLLATE "POSIX")
(5 rows)

-- pruning, with values provided for both keys
explain (costs off) select * from coll_pruning_multi where substr(a, 1) = 'e' collate "C" and substr(a, 1) = 'a' collate "POSIX";
                                            QUERY PLAN                                             
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on coll_pruning_multi2 coll_pruning_multi
   Filter: ((substr(a, 1) = 'e'::text COLLATE "C") AND (substr(a, 1) = 'a'::text COLLATE "POSIX"))
(2 rows)

--
-- LIKE operators don't prune
--
create table like_op_noprune (a text) partition by list (a);
create table like_op_noprune1 partition of like_op_noprune for values in ('ABC');
create table like_op_noprune2 partition of like_op_noprune for values in ('BCD');
explain (costs off) select * from like_op_noprune where a like '%BC';
                      QUERY PLAN                      
------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on like_op_noprune1 like_op_noprune_1
         Filter: (a ~~ '%BC'::text)
   ->  Seq Scan on like_op_noprune2 like_op_noprune_2
         Filter: (a ~~ '%BC'::text)
(5 rows)

--
-- tests wherein clause value requires a cross-type comparison function
--
create table lparted_by_int2 (a smallint) partition by list (a);
create table lparted_by_int2_1 partition of lparted_by_int2 for values in (1);
create table lparted_by_int2_16384 partition of lparted_by_int2 for values in (16384);
explain (costs off) select * from lparted_by_int2 where a = 100_000_000_000_000;
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

create table rparted_by_int2 (a smallint) partition by range (a);
create table rparted_by_int2_1 partition of rparted_by_int2 for values from (1) to (10);
create table rparted_by_int2_16384 partition of rparted_by_int2 for values from (10) to (16384);
-- all partitions pruned
explain (costs off) select * from rparted_by_int2 where a > 100_000_000_000_000;
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

create table rparted_by_int2_maxvalue partition of rparted_by_int2 for values from (16384) to (maxvalue);
-- all partitions but rparted_by_int2_maxvalue pruned
explain (costs off) select * from rparted_by_int2 where a > 100_000_000_000_000;
                      QUERY PLAN                      
------------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on rparted_by_int2_maxvalue rparted_by_int2
   Filter: (a > '100000000000000'::bigint)
(2 rows)

drop table lp, coll_pruning, rlp, mc3p, mc2p, boolpart, iboolpart, boolrangep, rp, coll_pruning_multi, like_op_noprune, lparted_by_int2, rparted_by_int2;
--
-- Test Partition pruning for HASH partitioning
--
-- Use hand-rolled hash functions and operator classes to get predictable
-- result on different machines.  See the definitions of
-- part_part_test_int4_ops and part_test_text_ops in insert.sql.
--
create table hp (a int, b text, c int)
  partition by hash (a part_test_int4_ops, b part_test_text_ops);
create table hp0 partition of hp for values with (modulus 4, remainder 0);
create table hp3 partition of hp for values with (modulus 4, remainder 3);
create table hp1 partition of hp for values with (modulus 4, remainder 1);
create table hp2 partition of hp for values with (modulus 4, remainder 2);
insert into hp values (null, null, 0);
insert into hp values (1, null, 1);
insert into hp values (1, 'xxx', 2);
insert into hp values (null, 'xxx', 3);
insert into hp values (2, 'xxx', 4);
insert into hp values (1, 'abcde', 5);
select tableoid::regclass, * from hp order by c;
 tableoid | a |   b   | c 
----------+---+-------+---
 hp0      |   |       | 0
 hp1      | 1 |       | 1
 hp0      | 1 | xxx   | 2
 hp2      |   | xxx   | 3
 hp3      | 2 | xxx   | 4
 hp2      | 1 | abcde | 5
(6 rows)

-- partial keys won't prune, nor would non-equality conditions
explain (costs off) select * from hp where a = 1;
         QUERY PLAN         
----------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on hp0 hp_1
         Filter: (a = 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on hp1 hp_2
         Filter: (a = 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on hp2 hp_3
         Filter: (a = 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on hp3 hp_4
         Filter: (a = 1)
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from hp where b = 'xxx';
            QUERY PLAN             
-----------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on hp0 hp_1
         Filter: (b = 'xxx'::text)
   ->  Seq Scan on hp1 hp_2
         Filter: (b = 'xxx'::text)
   ->  Seq Scan on hp2 hp_3
         Filter: (b = 'xxx'::text)
   ->  Seq Scan on hp3 hp_4
         Filter: (b = 'xxx'::text)
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from hp where a is null;
         QUERY PLAN          
-----------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on hp0 hp_1
         Filter: (a IS NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on hp1 hp_2
         Filter: (a IS NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on hp2 hp_3
         Filter: (a IS NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on hp3 hp_4
         Filter: (a IS NULL)
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from hp where b is null;
         QUERY PLAN          
-----------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on hp0 hp_1
         Filter: (b IS NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on hp1 hp_2
         Filter: (b IS NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on hp2 hp_3
         Filter: (b IS NULL)
   ->  Seq Scan on hp3 hp_4
         Filter: (b IS NULL)
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from hp where a < 1 and b = 'xxx';
                   QUERY PLAN                    
-------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on hp0 hp_1
         Filter: ((a < 1) AND (b = 'xxx'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on hp1 hp_2
         Filter: ((a < 1) AND (b = 'xxx'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on hp2 hp_3
         Filter: ((a < 1) AND (b = 'xxx'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on hp3 hp_4
         Filter: ((a < 1) AND (b = 'xxx'::text))
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from hp where a <> 1 and b = 'yyy';
                    QUERY PLAN                    
--------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on hp0 hp_1
         Filter: ((a <> 1) AND (b = 'yyy'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on hp1 hp_2
         Filter: ((a <> 1) AND (b = 'yyy'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on hp2 hp_3
         Filter: ((a <> 1) AND (b = 'yyy'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on hp3 hp_4
         Filter: ((a <> 1) AND (b = 'yyy'::text))
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from hp where a <> 1 and b <> 'xxx';
                    QUERY PLAN                     
---------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on hp0 hp_1
         Filter: ((a <> 1) AND (b <> 'xxx'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on hp1 hp_2
         Filter: ((a <> 1) AND (b <> 'xxx'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on hp2 hp_3
         Filter: ((a <> 1) AND (b <> 'xxx'::text))
   ->  Seq Scan on hp3 hp_4
         Filter: ((a <> 1) AND (b <> 'xxx'::text))
(9 rows)

-- pruning should work if either a value or a IS NULL clause is provided for
-- each of the keys
explain (costs off) select * from hp where a is null and b is null;
               QUERY PLAN                
-----------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on hp0 hp
   Filter: ((a IS NULL) AND (b IS NULL))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from hp where a = 1 and b is null;
             QUERY PLAN              
-------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on hp1 hp
   Filter: ((b IS NULL) AND (a = 1))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from hp where a = 1 and b = 'xxx';
                QUERY PLAN                 
-------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on hp0 hp
   Filter: ((a = 1) AND (b = 'xxx'::text))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from hp where a is null and b = 'xxx';
                  QUERY PLAN                   
-----------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on hp2 hp
   Filter: ((a IS NULL) AND (b = 'xxx'::text))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from hp where a = 2 and b = 'xxx';
                QUERY PLAN                 
-------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on hp3 hp
   Filter: ((a = 2) AND (b = 'xxx'::text))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from hp where a = 1 and b = 'abcde';
                 QUERY PLAN                  
---------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on hp2 hp
   Filter: ((a = 1) AND (b = 'abcde'::text))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from hp where (a = 1 and b = 'abcde') or (a = 2 and b = 'xxx') or (a is null and b is null);
                                                       QUERY PLAN                                                        
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on hp0 hp_1
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (b = 'abcde'::text)) OR ((a = 2) AND (b = 'xxx'::text)) OR ((a IS NULL) AND (b IS NULL)))
   ->  Seq Scan on hp2 hp_2
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (b = 'abcde'::text)) OR ((a = 2) AND (b = 'xxx'::text)) OR ((a IS NULL) AND (b IS NULL)))
   ->  Seq Scan on hp3 hp_3
         Filter: (((a = 1) AND (b = 'abcde'::text)) OR ((a = 2) AND (b = 'xxx'::text)) OR ((a IS NULL) AND (b IS NULL)))
(7 rows)

-- test pruning when not all the partitions exist
drop table hp1;
drop table hp3;
explain (costs off) select * from hp where a = 1 and b = 'abcde';
                 QUERY PLAN                  
---------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on hp2 hp
   Filter: ((a = 1) AND (b = 'abcde'::text))
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from hp where a = 1 and b = 'abcde' and
  (c = 2 or c = 3);
                              QUERY PLAN                              
----------------------------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on hp2 hp
   Filter: ((a = 1) AND (b = 'abcde'::text) AND ((c = 2) OR (c = 3)))
(2 rows)

drop table hp2;
explain (costs off) select * from hp where a = 1 and b = 'abcde' and
  (c = 2 or c = 3);
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

--
-- Test runtime partition pruning
--
create table ab (a int not null, b int not null) partition by list (a);
create table ab_a2 partition of ab for values in(2) partition by list (b);
create table ab_a2_b1 partition of ab_a2 for values in (1);
create table ab_a2_b2 partition of ab_a2 for values in (2);
create table ab_a2_b3 partition of ab_a2 for values in (3);
create table ab_a1 partition of ab for values in(1) partition by list (b);
create table ab_a1_b1 partition of ab_a1 for values in (1);
create table ab_a1_b2 partition of ab_a1 for values in (2);
create table ab_a1_b3 partition of ab_a1 for values in (3);
create table ab_a3 partition of ab for values in(3) partition by list (b);
create table ab_a3_b1 partition of ab_a3 for values in (1);
create table ab_a3_b2 partition of ab_a3 for values in (2);
create table ab_a3_b3 partition of ab_a3 for values in (3);
-- Disallow index only scans as concurrent transactions may stop visibility
-- bits being set causing "Heap Fetches" to be unstable in the EXPLAIN ANALYZE
-- output.
set enable_indexonlyscan = off;
prepare ab_q1 (int, int, int) as
select * from ab where a between $1 and $2 and b <= $3;
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) execute ab_q1 (2, 2, 3);
                       QUERY PLAN                        
---------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 6
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b1 ab_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b <= $3))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b2 ab_2 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b <= $3))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b3 ab_3 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b <= $3))
(8 rows)

explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) execute ab_q1 (1, 2, 3);
                       QUERY PLAN                        
---------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 3
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b1 ab_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b <= $3))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b2 ab_2 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b <= $3))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b3 ab_3 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b <= $3))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b1 ab_4 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b <= $3))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b2 ab_5 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b <= $3))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b3 ab_6 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b <= $3))
(14 rows)

deallocate ab_q1;
-- Runtime pruning after optimizer pruning
prepare ab_q1 (int, int) as
select a from ab where a between $1 and $2 and b < 3;
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) execute ab_q1 (2, 2);
                       QUERY PLAN                        
---------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 4
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b1 ab_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b < 3))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b2 ab_2 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b < 3))
(6 rows)

explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) execute ab_q1 (2, 4);
                       QUERY PLAN                        
---------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 2
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b1 ab_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b < 3))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b2 ab_2 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b < 3))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a3_b1 ab_3 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b < 3))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a3_b2 ab_4 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b < 3))
(10 rows)

-- Ensure a mix of PARAM_EXTERN and PARAM_EXEC Params work together at
-- different levels of partitioning.
prepare ab_q2 (int, int) as
select a from ab where a between $1 and $2 and b < (select 3);
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) execute ab_q2 (2, 2);
                       QUERY PLAN                        
---------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 6
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Result (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b1 ab_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b < $0))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b2 ab_2 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b < $0))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b3 ab_3 (never executed)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b < $0))
(10 rows)

-- As above, but swap the PARAM_EXEC Param to the first partition level
prepare ab_q3 (int, int) as
select a from ab where b between $1 and $2 and a < (select 3);
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) execute ab_q3 (2, 2);
                       QUERY PLAN                        
---------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 6
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Result (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b2 ab_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((b >= $1) AND (b <= $2) AND (a < $0))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b2 ab_2 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((b >= $1) AND (b <= $2) AND (a < $0))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a3_b2 ab_3 (never executed)
         Filter: ((b >= $1) AND (b <= $2) AND (a < $0))
(10 rows)

--
-- Test runtime pruning with hash partitioned tables
--
-- recreate partitions dropped above
create table hp1 partition of hp for values with (modulus 4, remainder 1);
create table hp2 partition of hp for values with (modulus 4, remainder 2);
create table hp3 partition of hp for values with (modulus 4, remainder 3);
-- Ensure we correctly prune unneeded partitions when there is an IS NULL qual
prepare hp_q1 (text) as
select * from hp where a is null and b = $1;
explain (costs off) execute hp_q1('xxx');
                 QUERY PLAN                 
--------------------------------------------
 Append
   Subplans Removed: 3
   ->  Seq Scan on hp2 hp_1
         Filter: ((a IS NULL) AND (b = $1))
(4 rows)

deallocate hp_q1;
drop table hp;
-- Test a backwards Append scan
create table list_part (a int) partition by list (a);
create table list_part1 partition of list_part for values in (1);
create table list_part2 partition of list_part for values in (2);
create table list_part3 partition of list_part for values in (3);
create table list_part4 partition of list_part for values in (4);
insert into list_part select generate_series(1,4);
begin;
-- Don't select an actual value out of the table as the order of the Append's
-- subnodes may not be stable.
declare cur SCROLL CURSOR for select 1 from list_part where a > (select 1) and a < (select 4);
-- move beyond the final row
move 3 from cur;
-- Ensure we get two rows.
fetch backward all from cur;
 ?column? 
----------
        1
        1
(2 rows)

commit;
begin;
-- Test run-time pruning using stable functions
create function list_part_fn(int) returns int as $$ begin return $1; end;$$ language plpgsql stable;
-- Ensure pruning works using a stable function containing no Vars
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) select * from list_part where a = list_part_fn(1);
                            QUERY PLAN                            
------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 3
   ->  Seq Scan on list_part1 list_part_1 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = list_part_fn(1))
(4 rows)

-- Ensure pruning does not take place when the function has a Var parameter
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) select * from list_part where a = list_part_fn(a);
                            QUERY PLAN                            
------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=4 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on list_part1 list_part_1 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = list_part_fn(a))
   ->  Seq Scan on list_part2 list_part_2 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = list_part_fn(a))
   ->  Seq Scan on list_part3 list_part_3 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = list_part_fn(a))
   ->  Seq Scan on list_part4 list_part_4 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = list_part_fn(a))
(9 rows)

-- Ensure pruning does not take place when the expression contains a Var.
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) select * from list_part where a = list_part_fn(1) + a;
                            QUERY PLAN                            
------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on list_part1 list_part_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = (list_part_fn(1) + a))
         Rows Removed by Filter: 1
   ->  Seq Scan on list_part2 list_part_2 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = (list_part_fn(1) + a))
         Rows Removed by Filter: 1
   ->  Seq Scan on list_part3 list_part_3 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = (list_part_fn(1) + a))
         Rows Removed by Filter: 1
   ->  Seq Scan on list_part4 list_part_4 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = (list_part_fn(1) + a))
         Rows Removed by Filter: 1
(13 rows)

rollback;
drop table list_part;
-- Parallel append
-- Parallel queries won't necessarily get as many workers as the planner
-- asked for.  This affects not only the "Workers Launched:" field of EXPLAIN
-- results, but also row counts and loop counts for parallel scans, Gathers,
-- and everything in between.  This function filters out the values we can't
-- rely on to be stable.
-- This removes enough info that you might wonder why bother with EXPLAIN
-- ANALYZE at all.  The answer is that we need to see '(never executed)'
-- notations because that's the only way to verify runtime pruning.
create function explain_parallel_append(text) returns setof text
language plpgsql as
$$
declare
    ln text;
begin
    for ln in
        execute format('explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) %s',
            $1)
    loop
        ln := regexp_replace(ln, 'Workers Launched: \d+', 'Workers Launched: N');
        ln := regexp_replace(ln, 'actual rows=\d+ loops=\d+', 'actual rows=N loops=N');
        ln := regexp_replace(ln, 'Rows Removed by Filter: \d+', 'Rows Removed by Filter: N');
        return next ln;
    end loop;
end;
$$;
prepare ab_q4 (int, int) as
select avg(a) from ab where a between $1 and $2 and b < 4;
-- Encourage use of parallel plans
set parallel_setup_cost = 0;
set parallel_tuple_cost = 0;
set min_parallel_table_scan_size = 0;
set max_parallel_workers_per_gather = 2;
select explain_parallel_append('execute ab_q4 (2, 2)');
                              explain_parallel_append                               
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Finalize Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
   ->  Gather (actual rows=N loops=N)
         Workers Planned: 2
         Workers Launched: N
         ->  Partial Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
               ->  Parallel Append (actual rows=N loops=N)
                     Subplans Removed: 6
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on ab_a2_b1 ab_1 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b < 4))
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on ab_a2_b2 ab_2 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b < 4))
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on ab_a2_b3 ab_3 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: ((a >= $1) AND (a <= $2) AND (b < 4))
(13 rows)

-- Test run-time pruning with IN lists.
prepare ab_q5 (int, int, int) as
select avg(a) from ab where a in($1,$2,$3) and b < 4;
select explain_parallel_append('execute ab_q5 (1, 1, 1)');
                              explain_parallel_append                               
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Finalize Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
   ->  Gather (actual rows=N loops=N)
         Workers Planned: 2
         Workers Launched: N
         ->  Partial Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
               ->  Parallel Append (actual rows=N loops=N)
                     Subplans Removed: 6
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on ab_a1_b1 ab_1 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: ((b < 4) AND (a = ANY (ARRAY[$1, $2, $3])))
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on ab_a1_b2 ab_2 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: ((b < 4) AND (a = ANY (ARRAY[$1, $2, $3])))
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on ab_a1_b3 ab_3 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: ((b < 4) AND (a = ANY (ARRAY[$1, $2, $3])))
(13 rows)

select explain_parallel_append('execute ab_q5 (2, 3, 3)');
                              explain_parallel_append                               
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Finalize Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
   ->  Gather (actual rows=N loops=N)
         Workers Planned: 2
         Workers Launched: N
         ->  Partial Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
               ->  Parallel Append (actual rows=N loops=N)
                     Subplans Removed: 3
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on ab_a2_b1 ab_1 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: ((b < 4) AND (a = ANY (ARRAY[$1, $2, $3])))
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on ab_a2_b2 ab_2 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: ((b < 4) AND (a = ANY (ARRAY[$1, $2, $3])))
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on ab_a2_b3 ab_3 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: ((b < 4) AND (a = ANY (ARRAY[$1, $2, $3])))
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on ab_a3_b1 ab_4 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: ((b < 4) AND (a = ANY (ARRAY[$1, $2, $3])))
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on ab_a3_b2 ab_5 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: ((b < 4) AND (a = ANY (ARRAY[$1, $2, $3])))
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on ab_a3_b3 ab_6 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: ((b < 4) AND (a = ANY (ARRAY[$1, $2, $3])))
(19 rows)

-- Try some params whose values do not belong to any partition.
select explain_parallel_append('execute ab_q5 (33, 44, 55)');
                  explain_parallel_append                  
-----------------------------------------------------------
 Finalize Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
   ->  Gather (actual rows=N loops=N)
         Workers Planned: 2
         Workers Launched: N
         ->  Partial Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
               ->  Parallel Append (actual rows=N loops=N)
                     Subplans Removed: 9
(7 rows)

-- Test Parallel Append with PARAM_EXEC Params
select explain_parallel_append('select count(*) from ab where (a = (select 1) or a = (select 3)) and b = 2');
                           explain_parallel_append                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Result (actual rows=N loops=N)
   InitPlan 2 (returns $1)
     ->  Result (actual rows=N loops=N)
   ->  Gather (actual rows=N loops=N)
         Workers Planned: 2
         Params Evaluated: $0, $1
         Workers Launched: N
         ->  Parallel Append (actual rows=N loops=N)
               ->  Parallel Seq Scan on ab_a1_b2 ab_1 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                     Filter: ((b = 2) AND ((a = $0) OR (a = $1)))
               ->  Parallel Seq Scan on ab_a2_b2 ab_2 (never executed)
                     Filter: ((b = 2) AND ((a = $0) OR (a = $1)))
               ->  Parallel Seq Scan on ab_a3_b2 ab_3 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                     Filter: ((b = 2) AND ((a = $0) OR (a = $1)))
(16 rows)

-- Test pruning during parallel nested loop query
create table lprt_a (a int not null);
-- Insert some values we won't find in ab
insert into lprt_a select 0 from generate_series(1,100);
-- and insert some values that we should find.
insert into lprt_a values(1),(1);
analyze lprt_a;
create index ab_a2_b1_a_idx on ab_a2_b1 (a);
create index ab_a2_b2_a_idx on ab_a2_b2 (a);
create index ab_a2_b3_a_idx on ab_a2_b3 (a);
create index ab_a1_b1_a_idx on ab_a1_b1 (a);
create index ab_a1_b2_a_idx on ab_a1_b2 (a);
create index ab_a1_b3_a_idx on ab_a1_b3 (a);
create index ab_a3_b1_a_idx on ab_a3_b1 (a);
create index ab_a3_b2_a_idx on ab_a3_b2 (a);
create index ab_a3_b3_a_idx on ab_a3_b3 (a);
set enable_hashjoin = 0;
set enable_mergejoin = 0;
set enable_memoize = 0;
select explain_parallel_append('select avg(ab.a) from ab inner join lprt_a a on ab.a = a.a where a.a in(0, 0, 1)');
                                        explain_parallel_append                                         
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Finalize Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
   ->  Gather (actual rows=N loops=N)
         Workers Planned: 1
         Workers Launched: N
         ->  Partial Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
               ->  Nested Loop (actual rows=N loops=N)
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on lprt_a a (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: (a = ANY ('{0,0,1}'::integer[]))
                     ->  Append (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a1_b1_a_idx on ab_a1_b1 ab_1 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a1_b2_a_idx on ab_a1_b2 ab_2 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a1_b3_a_idx on ab_a1_b3 ab_3 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a2_b1_a_idx on ab_a2_b1 ab_4 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a2_b2_a_idx on ab_a2_b2 ab_5 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a2_b3_a_idx on ab_a2_b3 ab_6 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a3_b1_a_idx on ab_a3_b1 ab_7 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a3_b2_a_idx on ab_a3_b2 ab_8 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a3_b3_a_idx on ab_a3_b3 ab_9 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
(27 rows)

-- Ensure the same partitions are pruned when we make the nested loop
-- parameter an Expr rather than a plain Param.
select explain_parallel_append('select avg(ab.a) from ab inner join lprt_a a on ab.a = a.a + 0 where a.a in(0, 0, 1)');
                                        explain_parallel_append                                         
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Finalize Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
   ->  Gather (actual rows=N loops=N)
         Workers Planned: 1
         Workers Launched: N
         ->  Partial Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
               ->  Nested Loop (actual rows=N loops=N)
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on lprt_a a (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: (a = ANY ('{0,0,1}'::integer[]))
                     ->  Append (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a1_b1_a_idx on ab_a1_b1 ab_1 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                                 Index Cond: (a = (a.a + 0))
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a1_b2_a_idx on ab_a1_b2 ab_2 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                                 Index Cond: (a = (a.a + 0))
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a1_b3_a_idx on ab_a1_b3 ab_3 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                                 Index Cond: (a = (a.a + 0))
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a2_b1_a_idx on ab_a2_b1 ab_4 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = (a.a + 0))
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a2_b2_a_idx on ab_a2_b2 ab_5 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = (a.a + 0))
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a2_b3_a_idx on ab_a2_b3 ab_6 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = (a.a + 0))
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a3_b1_a_idx on ab_a3_b1 ab_7 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = (a.a + 0))
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a3_b2_a_idx on ab_a3_b2 ab_8 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = (a.a + 0))
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a3_b3_a_idx on ab_a3_b3 ab_9 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = (a.a + 0))
(27 rows)

insert into lprt_a values(3),(3);
select explain_parallel_append('select avg(ab.a) from ab inner join lprt_a a on ab.a = a.a where a.a in(1, 0, 3)');
                                        explain_parallel_append                                         
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Finalize Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
   ->  Gather (actual rows=N loops=N)
         Workers Planned: 1
         Workers Launched: N
         ->  Partial Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
               ->  Nested Loop (actual rows=N loops=N)
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on lprt_a a (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: (a = ANY ('{1,0,3}'::integer[]))
                     ->  Append (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a1_b1_a_idx on ab_a1_b1 ab_1 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a1_b2_a_idx on ab_a1_b2 ab_2 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a1_b3_a_idx on ab_a1_b3 ab_3 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a2_b1_a_idx on ab_a2_b1 ab_4 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a2_b2_a_idx on ab_a2_b2 ab_5 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a2_b3_a_idx on ab_a2_b3 ab_6 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a3_b1_a_idx on ab_a3_b1 ab_7 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a3_b2_a_idx on ab_a3_b2 ab_8 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a3_b3_a_idx on ab_a3_b3 ab_9 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
(27 rows)

select explain_parallel_append('select avg(ab.a) from ab inner join lprt_a a on ab.a = a.a where a.a in(1, 0, 0)');
                                        explain_parallel_append                                         
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Finalize Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
   ->  Gather (actual rows=N loops=N)
         Workers Planned: 1
         Workers Launched: N
         ->  Partial Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
               ->  Nested Loop (actual rows=N loops=N)
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on lprt_a a (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: (a = ANY ('{1,0,0}'::integer[]))
                           Rows Removed by Filter: N
                     ->  Append (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a1_b1_a_idx on ab_a1_b1 ab_1 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a1_b2_a_idx on ab_a1_b2 ab_2 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a1_b3_a_idx on ab_a1_b3 ab_3 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a2_b1_a_idx on ab_a2_b1 ab_4 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a2_b2_a_idx on ab_a2_b2 ab_5 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a2_b3_a_idx on ab_a2_b3 ab_6 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a3_b1_a_idx on ab_a3_b1 ab_7 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a3_b2_a_idx on ab_a3_b2 ab_8 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a3_b3_a_idx on ab_a3_b3 ab_9 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
(28 rows)

delete from lprt_a where a = 1;
select explain_parallel_append('select avg(ab.a) from ab inner join lprt_a a on ab.a = a.a where a.a in(1, 0, 0)');
                                     explain_parallel_append                                     
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Finalize Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
   ->  Gather (actual rows=N loops=N)
         Workers Planned: 1
         Workers Launched: N
         ->  Partial Aggregate (actual rows=N loops=N)
               ->  Nested Loop (actual rows=N loops=N)
                     ->  Parallel Seq Scan on lprt_a a (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           Filter: (a = ANY ('{1,0,0}'::integer[]))
                           Rows Removed by Filter: N
                     ->  Append (actual rows=N loops=N)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a1_b1_a_idx on ab_a1_b1 ab_1 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a1_b2_a_idx on ab_a1_b2 ab_2 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a1_b3_a_idx on ab_a1_b3 ab_3 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a2_b1_a_idx on ab_a2_b1 ab_4 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a2_b2_a_idx on ab_a2_b2 ab_5 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a2_b3_a_idx on ab_a2_b3 ab_6 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a3_b1_a_idx on ab_a3_b1 ab_7 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a3_b2_a_idx on ab_a3_b2 ab_8 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
                           ->  Index Scan using ab_a3_b3_a_idx on ab_a3_b3 ab_9 (never executed)
                                 Index Cond: (a = a.a)
(28 rows)

reset enable_hashjoin;
reset enable_mergejoin;
reset enable_memoize;
reset parallel_setup_cost;
reset parallel_tuple_cost;
reset min_parallel_table_scan_size;
reset max_parallel_workers_per_gather;
-- Test run-time partition pruning with an initplan
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from ab where a = (select max(a) from lprt_a) and b = (select max(a)-1 from lprt_a);
                               QUERY PLAN                                
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Aggregate (actual rows=1 loops=1)
           ->  Seq Scan on lprt_a (actual rows=102 loops=1)
   InitPlan 2 (returns $1)
     ->  Aggregate (actual rows=1 loops=1)
           ->  Seq Scan on lprt_a lprt_a_1 (actual rows=102 loops=1)
   ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a1_b1 ab_1 (never executed)
         Recheck Cond: (a = $0)
         Filter: (b = $1)
         ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a1_b1_a_idx (never executed)
               Index Cond: (a = $0)
   ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a1_b2 ab_2 (never executed)
         Recheck Cond: (a = $0)
         Filter: (b = $1)
         ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a1_b2_a_idx (never executed)
               Index Cond: (a = $0)
   ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a1_b3 ab_3 (never executed)
         Recheck Cond: (a = $0)
         Filter: (b = $1)
         ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a1_b3_a_idx (never executed)
               Index Cond: (a = $0)
   ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a2_b1 ab_4 (never executed)
         Recheck Cond: (a = $0)
         Filter: (b = $1)
         ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a2_b1_a_idx (never executed)
               Index Cond: (a = $0)
   ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a2_b2 ab_5 (never executed)
         Recheck Cond: (a = $0)
         Filter: (b = $1)
         ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a2_b2_a_idx (never executed)
               Index Cond: (a = $0)
   ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a2_b3 ab_6 (never executed)
         Recheck Cond: (a = $0)
         Filter: (b = $1)
         ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a2_b3_a_idx (never executed)
               Index Cond: (a = $0)
   ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a3_b1 ab_7 (never executed)
         Recheck Cond: (a = $0)
         Filter: (b = $1)
         ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a3_b1_a_idx (never executed)
               Index Cond: (a = $0)
   ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a3_b2 ab_8 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Recheck Cond: (a = $0)
         Filter: (b = $1)
         ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a3_b2_a_idx (actual rows=0 loops=1)
               Index Cond: (a = $0)
   ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a3_b3 ab_9 (never executed)
         Recheck Cond: (a = $0)
         Filter: (b = $1)
         ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a3_b3_a_idx (never executed)
               Index Cond: (a = $0)
(52 rows)

-- Test run-time partition pruning with UNION ALL parents
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from (select * from ab where a = 1 union all select * from ab) ab where b = (select 1);
                                  QUERY PLAN                                   
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Result (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   ->  Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a1_b1 ab_11 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
               Recheck Cond: (a = 1)
               Filter: (b = $0)
               ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a1_b1_a_idx (actual rows=0 loops=1)
                     Index Cond: (a = 1)
         ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a1_b2 ab_12 (never executed)
               Recheck Cond: (a = 1)
               Filter: (b = $0)
               ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a1_b2_a_idx (never executed)
                     Index Cond: (a = 1)
         ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a1_b3 ab_13 (never executed)
               Recheck Cond: (a = 1)
               Filter: (b = $0)
               ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a1_b3_a_idx (never executed)
                     Index Cond: (a = 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b1 ab_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b2 ab_2 (never executed)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b3 ab_3 (never executed)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b1 ab_4 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b2 ab_5 (never executed)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b3 ab_6 (never executed)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a3_b1 ab_7 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a3_b2 ab_8 (never executed)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a3_b3 ab_9 (never executed)
         Filter: (b = $0)
(37 rows)

-- A case containing a UNION ALL with a non-partitioned child.
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from (select * from ab where a = 1 union all (values(10,5)) union all select * from ab) ab where b = (select 1);
                                  QUERY PLAN                                   
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Result (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   ->  Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a1_b1 ab_11 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
               Recheck Cond: (a = 1)
               Filter: (b = $0)
               ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a1_b1_a_idx (actual rows=0 loops=1)
                     Index Cond: (a = 1)
         ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a1_b2 ab_12 (never executed)
               Recheck Cond: (a = 1)
               Filter: (b = $0)
               ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a1_b2_a_idx (never executed)
                     Index Cond: (a = 1)
         ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a1_b3 ab_13 (never executed)
               Recheck Cond: (a = 1)
               Filter: (b = $0)
               ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a1_b3_a_idx (never executed)
                     Index Cond: (a = 1)
   ->  Result (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         One-Time Filter: (5 = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b1 ab_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b2 ab_2 (never executed)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b3 ab_3 (never executed)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b1 ab_4 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b2 ab_5 (never executed)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b3 ab_6 (never executed)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a3_b1 ab_7 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a3_b2 ab_8 (never executed)
         Filter: (b = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a3_b3 ab_9 (never executed)
         Filter: (b = $0)
(39 rows)

-- Another UNION ALL test, but containing a mix of exec init and exec run-time pruning.
create table xy_1 (x int, y int);
insert into xy_1 values(100,-10);
set enable_bitmapscan = 0;
set enable_indexscan = 0;
prepare ab_q6 as
select * from (
	select tableoid::regclass,a,b from ab
union all
	select tableoid::regclass,x,y from xy_1
union all
	select tableoid::regclass,a,b from ab
) ab where a = $1 and b = (select -10);
-- Ensure the xy_1 subplan is not pruned.
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) execute ab_q6(1);
                    QUERY PLAN                    
--------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 12
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Result (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b1 ab_1 (never executed)
         Filter: ((a = $1) AND (b = $0))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b2 ab_2 (never executed)
         Filter: ((a = $1) AND (b = $0))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b3 ab_3 (never executed)
         Filter: ((a = $1) AND (b = $0))
   ->  Seq Scan on xy_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((x = $1) AND (y = $0))
         Rows Removed by Filter: 1
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b1 ab_4 (never executed)
         Filter: ((a = $1) AND (b = $0))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b2 ab_5 (never executed)
         Filter: ((a = $1) AND (b = $0))
   ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b3 ab_6 (never executed)
         Filter: ((a = $1) AND (b = $0))
(19 rows)

-- Ensure we see just the xy_1 row.
execute ab_q6(100);
 tableoid |  a  |  b  
----------+-----+-----
 xy_1     | 100 | -10
(1 row)

reset enable_bitmapscan;
reset enable_indexscan;
deallocate ab_q1;
deallocate ab_q2;
deallocate ab_q3;
deallocate ab_q4;
deallocate ab_q5;
deallocate ab_q6;
-- UPDATE on a partition subtree has been seen to have problems.
insert into ab values (1,2);
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
update ab_a1 set b = 3 from ab where ab.a = 1 and ab.a = ab_a1.a;
                                        QUERY PLAN                                         
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Update on ab_a1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Update on ab_a1_b1 ab_a1_1
   Update on ab_a1_b2 ab_a1_2
   Update on ab_a1_b3 ab_a1_3
   ->  Nested Loop (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         ->  Append (actual rows=1 loops=1)
               ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a1_b1 ab_a1_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
                     Recheck Cond: (a = 1)
                     ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a1_b1_a_idx (actual rows=0 loops=1)
                           Index Cond: (a = 1)
               ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a1_b2 ab_a1_2 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
                     Recheck Cond: (a = 1)
                     Heap Blocks: exact=1
                     ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a1_b2_a_idx (actual rows=1 loops=1)
                           Index Cond: (a = 1)
               ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a1_b3 ab_a1_3 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
                     Recheck Cond: (a = 1)
                     Heap Blocks: exact=1
                     ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a1_b3_a_idx (actual rows=1 loops=1)
                           Index Cond: (a = 1)
         ->  Materialize (actual rows=1 loops=1)
               ->  Append (actual rows=1 loops=1)
                     ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a1_b1 ab_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
                           Recheck Cond: (a = 1)
                           ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a1_b1_a_idx (actual rows=0 loops=1)
                                 Index Cond: (a = 1)
                     ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a1_b2 ab_2 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
                           Recheck Cond: (a = 1)
                           Heap Blocks: exact=1
                           ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a1_b2_a_idx (actual rows=1 loops=1)
                                 Index Cond: (a = 1)
                     ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on ab_a1_b3 ab_3 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
                           Recheck Cond: (a = 1)
                           Heap Blocks: exact=1
                           ->  Bitmap Index Scan on ab_a1_b3_a_idx (actual rows=1 loops=1)
                                 Index Cond: (a = 1)
(36 rows)

table ab;
 a | b 
---+---
 1 | 3
(1 row)

-- Test UPDATE where source relation has run-time pruning enabled
truncate ab;
insert into ab values (1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 1);
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
update ab_a1 set b = 3 from ab_a2 where ab_a2.b = (select 1);
                                  QUERY PLAN                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Update on ab_a1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Update on ab_a1_b1 ab_a1_1
   Update on ab_a1_b2 ab_a1_2
   Update on ab_a1_b3 ab_a1_3
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Result (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   ->  Nested Loop (actual rows=3 loops=1)
         ->  Append (actual rows=3 loops=1)
               ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b1 ab_a1_1 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
               ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b2 ab_a1_2 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
               ->  Seq Scan on ab_a1_b3 ab_a1_3 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         ->  Materialize (actual rows=1 loops=3)
               ->  Append (actual rows=1 loops=1)
                     ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b1 ab_a2_1 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
                           Filter: (b = $0)
                     ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b2 ab_a2_2 (never executed)
                           Filter: (b = $0)
                     ->  Seq Scan on ab_a2_b3 ab_a2_3 (never executed)
                           Filter: (b = $0)
(19 rows)

select tableoid::regclass, * from ab;
 tableoid | a | b 
----------+---+---
 ab_a1_b3 | 1 | 3
 ab_a1_b3 | 1 | 3
 ab_a1_b3 | 1 | 3
 ab_a2_b1 | 2 | 1
(4 rows)

drop table ab, lprt_a;
-- Join
create table tbl1(col1 int);
insert into tbl1 values (501), (505);
-- Basic table
create table tprt (col1 int) partition by range (col1);
create table tprt_1 partition of tprt for values from (1) to (501);
create table tprt_2 partition of tprt for values from (501) to (1001);
create table tprt_3 partition of tprt for values from (1001) to (2001);
create table tprt_4 partition of tprt for values from (2001) to (3001);
create table tprt_5 partition of tprt for values from (3001) to (4001);
create table tprt_6 partition of tprt for values from (4001) to (5001);
create index tprt1_idx on tprt_1 (col1);
create index tprt2_idx on tprt_2 (col1);
create index tprt3_idx on tprt_3 (col1);
create index tprt4_idx on tprt_4 (col1);
create index tprt5_idx on tprt_5 (col1);
create index tprt6_idx on tprt_6 (col1);
insert into tprt values (10), (20), (501), (502), (505), (1001), (4500);
set enable_hashjoin = off;
set enable_mergejoin = off;
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from tbl1 join tprt on tbl1.col1 > tprt.col1;
                                QUERY PLAN                                
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Nested Loop (actual rows=6 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on tbl1 (actual rows=2 loops=1)
   ->  Append (actual rows=3 loops=2)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt1_idx on tprt_1 (actual rows=2 loops=2)
               Index Cond: (col1 < tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt2_idx on tprt_2 (actual rows=2 loops=1)
               Index Cond: (col1 < tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt3_idx on tprt_3 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 < tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt4_idx on tprt_4 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 < tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt5_idx on tprt_5 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 < tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt6_idx on tprt_6 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 < tbl1.col1)
(15 rows)

explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from tbl1 join tprt on tbl1.col1 = tprt.col1;
                                QUERY PLAN                                
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Nested Loop (actual rows=2 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on tbl1 (actual rows=2 loops=1)
   ->  Append (actual rows=1 loops=2)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt1_idx on tprt_1 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt2_idx on tprt_2 (actual rows=1 loops=2)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt3_idx on tprt_3 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt4_idx on tprt_4 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt5_idx on tprt_5 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt6_idx on tprt_6 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
(15 rows)

select tbl1.col1, tprt.col1 from tbl1
inner join tprt on tbl1.col1 > tprt.col1
order by tbl1.col1, tprt.col1;
 col1 | col1 
------+------
  501 |   10
  501 |   20
  505 |   10
  505 |   20
  505 |  501
  505 |  502
(6 rows)

select tbl1.col1, tprt.col1 from tbl1
inner join tprt on tbl1.col1 = tprt.col1
order by tbl1.col1, tprt.col1;
 col1 | col1 
------+------
  501 |  501
  505 |  505
(2 rows)

-- Multiple partitions
insert into tbl1 values (1001), (1010), (1011);
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from tbl1 inner join tprt on tbl1.col1 > tprt.col1;
                                QUERY PLAN                                
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Nested Loop (actual rows=23 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on tbl1 (actual rows=5 loops=1)
   ->  Append (actual rows=5 loops=5)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt1_idx on tprt_1 (actual rows=2 loops=5)
               Index Cond: (col1 < tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt2_idx on tprt_2 (actual rows=3 loops=4)
               Index Cond: (col1 < tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt3_idx on tprt_3 (actual rows=1 loops=2)
               Index Cond: (col1 < tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt4_idx on tprt_4 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 < tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt5_idx on tprt_5 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 < tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt6_idx on tprt_6 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 < tbl1.col1)
(15 rows)

explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from tbl1 inner join tprt on tbl1.col1 = tprt.col1;
                                QUERY PLAN                                
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Nested Loop (actual rows=3 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on tbl1 (actual rows=5 loops=1)
   ->  Append (actual rows=1 loops=5)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt1_idx on tprt_1 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt2_idx on tprt_2 (actual rows=1 loops=2)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt3_idx on tprt_3 (actual rows=0 loops=3)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt4_idx on tprt_4 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt5_idx on tprt_5 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt6_idx on tprt_6 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
(15 rows)

select tbl1.col1, tprt.col1 from tbl1
inner join tprt on tbl1.col1 > tprt.col1
order by tbl1.col1, tprt.col1;
 col1 | col1 
------+------
  501 |   10
  501 |   20
  505 |   10
  505 |   20
  505 |  501
  505 |  502
 1001 |   10
 1001 |   20
 1001 |  501
 1001 |  502
 1001 |  505
 1010 |   10
 1010 |   20
 1010 |  501
 1010 |  502
 1010 |  505
 1010 | 1001
 1011 |   10
 1011 |   20
 1011 |  501
 1011 |  502
 1011 |  505
 1011 | 1001
(23 rows)

select tbl1.col1, tprt.col1 from tbl1
inner join tprt on tbl1.col1 = tprt.col1
order by tbl1.col1, tprt.col1;
 col1 | col1 
------+------
  501 |  501
  505 |  505
 1001 | 1001
(3 rows)

-- Last partition
delete from tbl1;
insert into tbl1 values (4400);
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from tbl1 join tprt on tbl1.col1 < tprt.col1;
                                QUERY PLAN                                
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Nested Loop (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on tbl1 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   ->  Append (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt1_idx on tprt_1 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 > tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt2_idx on tprt_2 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 > tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt3_idx on tprt_3 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 > tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt4_idx on tprt_4 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 > tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt5_idx on tprt_5 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 > tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt6_idx on tprt_6 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
               Index Cond: (col1 > tbl1.col1)
(15 rows)

select tbl1.col1, tprt.col1 from tbl1
inner join tprt on tbl1.col1 < tprt.col1
order by tbl1.col1, tprt.col1;
 col1 | col1 
------+------
 4400 | 4500
(1 row)

-- No matching partition
delete from tbl1;
insert into tbl1 values (10000);
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from tbl1 join tprt on tbl1.col1 = tprt.col1;
                            QUERY PLAN                             
-------------------------------------------------------------------
 Nested Loop (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on tbl1 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   ->  Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt1_idx on tprt_1 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt2_idx on tprt_2 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt3_idx on tprt_3 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt4_idx on tprt_4 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt5_idx on tprt_5 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
         ->  Index Scan using tprt6_idx on tprt_6 (never executed)
               Index Cond: (col1 = tbl1.col1)
(15 rows)

select tbl1.col1, tprt.col1 from tbl1
inner join tprt on tbl1.col1 = tprt.col1
order by tbl1.col1, tprt.col1;
 col1 | col1 
------+------
(0 rows)

drop table tbl1, tprt;
-- Test with columns defined in varying orders between each level
create table part_abc (a int not null, b int not null, c int not null) partition by list (a);
create table part_bac (b int not null, a int not null, c int not null) partition by list (b);
create table part_cab (c int not null, a int not null, b int not null) partition by list (c);
create table part_abc_p1 (a int not null, b int not null, c int not null);
alter table part_abc attach partition part_bac for values in(1);
alter table part_bac attach partition part_cab for values in(2);
alter table part_cab attach partition part_abc_p1 for values in(3);
prepare part_abc_q1 (int, int, int) as
select * from part_abc where a = $1 and b = $2 and c = $3;
-- Single partition should be scanned.
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) execute part_abc_q1 (1, 2, 3);
                        QUERY PLAN                        
----------------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on part_abc_p1 part_abc (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Filter: ((a = $1) AND (b = $2) AND (c = $3))
(2 rows)

deallocate part_abc_q1;
drop table part_abc;
-- Ensure that an Append node properly handles a sub-partitioned table
-- matching without any of its leaf partitions matching the clause.
create table listp (a int, b int) partition by list (a);
create table listp_1 partition of listp for values in(1) partition by list (b);
create table listp_1_1 partition of listp_1 for values in(1);
create table listp_2 partition of listp for values in(2) partition by list (b);
create table listp_2_1 partition of listp_2 for values in(2);
select * from listp where b = 1;
 a | b 
---+---
(0 rows)

-- Ensure that an Append node properly can handle selection of all first level
-- partitions before finally detecting the correct set of 2nd level partitions
-- which match the given parameter.
prepare q1 (int,int) as select * from listp where b in ($1,$2);
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)  execute q1 (1,1);
                         QUERY PLAN                          
-------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 1
   ->  Seq Scan on listp_1_1 listp_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (b = ANY (ARRAY[$1, $2]))
(4 rows)

explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)  execute q1 (2,2);
                         QUERY PLAN                          
-------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 1
   ->  Seq Scan on listp_2_1 listp_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (b = ANY (ARRAY[$1, $2]))
(4 rows)

-- Try with no matching partitions.
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)  execute q1 (0,0);
           QUERY PLAN           
--------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 2
(2 rows)

deallocate q1;
-- Test more complex cases where a not-equal condition further eliminates partitions.
prepare q1 (int,int,int,int) as select * from listp where b in($1,$2) and $3 <> b and $4 <> b;
-- Both partitions allowed by IN clause, but one disallowed by <> clause
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)  execute q1 (1,2,2,0);
                               QUERY PLAN                                
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 1
   ->  Seq Scan on listp_1_1 listp_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: ((b = ANY (ARRAY[$1, $2])) AND ($3 <> b) AND ($4 <> b))
(4 rows)

-- Both partitions allowed by IN clause, then both excluded again by <> clauses.
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)  execute q1 (1,2,2,1);
           QUERY PLAN           
--------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 2
(2 rows)

-- Ensure Params that evaluate to NULL properly prune away all partitions
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from listp where a = (select null::int);
                      QUERY PLAN                      
------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Result (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on listp_1_1 listp_1 (never executed)
         Filter: (a = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on listp_2_1 listp_2 (never executed)
         Filter: (a = $0)
(7 rows)

drop table listp;
--
-- check that stable query clauses are only used in run-time pruning
--
create table stable_qual_pruning (a timestamp) partition by range (a);
create table stable_qual_pruning1 partition of stable_qual_pruning
  for values from ('2000-01-01') to ('2000-02-01');
create table stable_qual_pruning2 partition of stable_qual_pruning
  for values from ('2000-02-01') to ('2000-03-01');
create table stable_qual_pruning3 partition of stable_qual_pruning
  for values from ('3000-02-01') to ('3000-03-01');
-- comparison against a stable value requires run-time pruning
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from stable_qual_pruning where a < localtimestamp;
                                      QUERY PLAN                                      
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 1
   ->  Seq Scan on stable_qual_pruning1 stable_qual_pruning_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (a < LOCALTIMESTAMP)
   ->  Seq Scan on stable_qual_pruning2 stable_qual_pruning_2 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (a < LOCALTIMESTAMP)
(6 rows)

-- timestamp < timestamptz comparison is only stable, not immutable
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from stable_qual_pruning where a < '2000-02-01'::timestamptz;
                                      QUERY PLAN                                      
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 2
   ->  Seq Scan on stable_qual_pruning1 stable_qual_pruning_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (a < 'Tue Feb 01 00:00:00 2000 PST'::timestamp with time zone)
(4 rows)

-- check ScalarArrayOp cases
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from stable_qual_pruning
  where a = any(array['2010-02-01', '2020-01-01']::timestamp[]);
           QUERY PLAN           
--------------------------------
 Result (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from stable_qual_pruning
  where a = any(array['2000-02-01', '2010-01-01']::timestamp[]);
                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                   
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on stable_qual_pruning2 stable_qual_pruning (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Filter: (a = ANY ('{"Tue Feb 01 00:00:00 2000","Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 2010"}'::timestamp without time zone[]))
(2 rows)

explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from stable_qual_pruning
  where a = any(array['2000-02-01', localtimestamp]::timestamp[]);
                                                 QUERY PLAN                                                 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 2
   ->  Seq Scan on stable_qual_pruning2 stable_qual_pruning_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = ANY (ARRAY['Tue Feb 01 00:00:00 2000'::timestamp without time zone, LOCALTIMESTAMP]))
(4 rows)

explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from stable_qual_pruning
  where a = any(array['2010-02-01', '2020-01-01']::timestamptz[]);
           QUERY PLAN           
--------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 3
(2 rows)

explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from stable_qual_pruning
  where a = any(array['2000-02-01', '2010-01-01']::timestamptz[]);
                                                        QUERY PLAN                                                         
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 2
   ->  Seq Scan on stable_qual_pruning2 stable_qual_pruning_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = ANY ('{"Tue Feb 01 00:00:00 2000 PST","Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 2010 PST"}'::timestamp with time zone[]))
(4 rows)

explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from stable_qual_pruning
  where a = any(null::timestamptz[]);
                                      QUERY PLAN                                      
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on stable_qual_pruning1 stable_qual_pruning_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = ANY (NULL::timestamp with time zone[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on stable_qual_pruning2 stable_qual_pruning_2 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = ANY (NULL::timestamp with time zone[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on stable_qual_pruning3 stable_qual_pruning_3 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = ANY (NULL::timestamp with time zone[]))
(7 rows)

drop table stable_qual_pruning;
--
-- Check that pruning with composite range partitioning works correctly when
-- it must ignore clauses for trailing keys once it has seen a clause with
-- non-inclusive operator for an earlier key
--
create table mc3p (a int, b int, c int) partition by range (a, abs(b), c);
create table mc3p0 partition of mc3p
  for values from (0, 0, 0) to (0, maxvalue, maxvalue);
create table mc3p1 partition of mc3p
  for values from (1, 1, 1) to (2, minvalue, minvalue);
create table mc3p2 partition of mc3p
  for values from (2, minvalue, minvalue) to (3, maxvalue, maxvalue);
insert into mc3p values (0, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1), (2, 1, 1);
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from mc3p where a < 3 and abs(b) = 1;
                       QUERY PLAN                       
--------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=3 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p0 mc3p_1 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a < 3) AND (abs(b) = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_2 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a < 3) AND (abs(b) = 1))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p2 mc3p_3 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a < 3) AND (abs(b) = 1))
(7 rows)

--
-- Check that pruning with composite range partitioning works correctly when
-- a combination of runtime parameters is specified, not all of whose values
-- are available at the same time
--
prepare ps1 as
  select * from mc3p where a = $1 and abs(b) < (select 3);
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
execute ps1(1);
                       QUERY PLAN                       
--------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 2
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Result (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_1 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a = $1) AND (abs(b) < $0))
(6 rows)

deallocate ps1;
prepare ps2 as
  select * from mc3p where a <= $1 and abs(b) < (select 3);
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
execute ps2(1);
                       QUERY PLAN                       
--------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=2 loops=1)
   Subplans Removed: 1
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Result (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p0 mc3p_1 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a <= $1) AND (abs(b) < $0))
   ->  Seq Scan on mc3p1 mc3p_2 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a <= $1) AND (abs(b) < $0))
(8 rows)

deallocate ps2;
drop table mc3p;
-- Ensure runtime pruning works with initplans params with boolean types
create table boolvalues (value bool not null);
insert into boolvalues values('t'),('f');
create table boolp (a bool) partition by list (a);
create table boolp_t partition of boolp for values in('t');
create table boolp_f partition of boolp for values in('f');
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from boolp where a = (select value from boolvalues where value);
                        QUERY PLAN                         
-----------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Seq Scan on boolvalues (actual rows=1 loops=1)
           Filter: value
           Rows Removed by Filter: 1
   ->  Seq Scan on boolp_f boolp_1 (never executed)
         Filter: (a = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on boolp_t boolp_2 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = $0)
(9 rows)

explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from boolp where a = (select value from boolvalues where not value);
                        QUERY PLAN                         
-----------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Seq Scan on boolvalues (actual rows=1 loops=1)
           Filter: (NOT value)
           Rows Removed by Filter: 1
   ->  Seq Scan on boolp_f boolp_1 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (a = $0)
   ->  Seq Scan on boolp_t boolp_2 (never executed)
         Filter: (a = $0)
(9 rows)

drop table boolp;
--
-- Test run-time pruning of MergeAppend subnodes
--
set enable_seqscan = off;
set enable_sort = off;
create table ma_test (a int, b int) partition by range (a);
create table ma_test_p1 partition of ma_test for values from (0) to (10);
create table ma_test_p2 partition of ma_test for values from (10) to (20);
create table ma_test_p3 partition of ma_test for values from (20) to (30);
insert into ma_test select x,x from generate_series(0,29) t(x);
create index on ma_test (b);
analyze ma_test;
prepare mt_q1 (int) as select a from ma_test where a >= $1 and a % 10 = 5 order by b;
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) execute mt_q1(15);
                                       QUERY PLAN                                        
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Merge Append (actual rows=2 loops=1)
   Sort Key: ma_test.b
   Subplans Removed: 1
   ->  Index Scan using ma_test_p2_b_idx on ma_test_p2 ma_test_1 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND ((a % 10) = 5))
         Rows Removed by Filter: 9
   ->  Index Scan using ma_test_p3_b_idx on ma_test_p3 ma_test_2 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND ((a % 10) = 5))
         Rows Removed by Filter: 9
(9 rows)

execute mt_q1(15);
 a  
----
 15
 25
(2 rows)

explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) execute mt_q1(25);
                                       QUERY PLAN                                        
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Merge Append (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   Sort Key: ma_test.b
   Subplans Removed: 2
   ->  Index Scan using ma_test_p3_b_idx on ma_test_p3 ma_test_1 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
         Filter: ((a >= $1) AND ((a % 10) = 5))
         Rows Removed by Filter: 9
(6 rows)

execute mt_q1(25);
 a  
----
 25
(1 row)

-- Ensure MergeAppend behaves correctly when no subplans match
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) execute mt_q1(35);
              QUERY PLAN              
--------------------------------------
 Merge Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Sort Key: ma_test.b
   Subplans Removed: 3
(3 rows)

execute mt_q1(35);
 a 
---
(0 rows)

deallocate mt_q1;
prepare mt_q2 (int) as select * from ma_test where a >= $1 order by b limit 1;
-- Ensure output list looks sane when the MergeAppend has no subplans.
explain (analyze, verbose, costs off, summary off, timing off) execute mt_q2 (35);
                 QUERY PLAN                 
--------------------------------------------
 Limit (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Output: ma_test.a, ma_test.b
   ->  Merge Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Sort Key: ma_test.b
         Subplans Removed: 3
(5 rows)

deallocate mt_q2;
-- ensure initplan params properly prune partitions
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off) select * from ma_test where a >= (select min(b) from ma_test_p2) order by b;
                                          QUERY PLAN                                           
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Merge Append (actual rows=20 loops=1)
   Sort Key: ma_test.b
   InitPlan 2 (returns $1)
     ->  Result (actual rows=1 loops=1)
           InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
             ->  Limit (actual rows=1 loops=1)
                   ->  Index Scan using ma_test_p2_b_idx on ma_test_p2 (actual rows=1 loops=1)
                         Index Cond: (b IS NOT NULL)
   ->  Index Scan using ma_test_p1_b_idx on ma_test_p1 ma_test_1 (never executed)
         Filter: (a >= $1)
   ->  Index Scan using ma_test_p2_b_idx on ma_test_p2 ma_test_2 (actual rows=10 loops=1)
         Filter: (a >= $1)
   ->  Index Scan using ma_test_p3_b_idx on ma_test_p3 ma_test_3 (actual rows=10 loops=1)
         Filter: (a >= $1)
(14 rows)

reset enable_seqscan;
reset enable_sort;
drop table ma_test;
reset enable_indexonlyscan;
--
-- check that pruning works properly when the partition key is of a
-- pseudotype
--
-- array type list partition key
create table pp_arrpart (a int[]) partition by list (a);
create table pp_arrpart1 partition of pp_arrpart for values in ('{1}');
create table pp_arrpart2 partition of pp_arrpart for values in ('{2, 3}', '{4, 5}');
explain (costs off) select * from pp_arrpart where a = '{1}';
             QUERY PLAN             
------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on pp_arrpart1 pp_arrpart
   Filter: (a = '{1}'::integer[])
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from pp_arrpart where a = '{1, 2}';
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from pp_arrpart where a in ('{4, 5}', '{1}');
                              QUERY PLAN                              
----------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on pp_arrpart1 pp_arrpart_1
         Filter: ((a = '{4,5}'::integer[]) OR (a = '{1}'::integer[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on pp_arrpart2 pp_arrpart_2
         Filter: ((a = '{4,5}'::integer[]) OR (a = '{1}'::integer[]))
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) update pp_arrpart set a = a where a = '{1}';
                 QUERY PLAN                 
--------------------------------------------
 Update on pp_arrpart
   Update on pp_arrpart1 pp_arrpart_1
   ->  Seq Scan on pp_arrpart1 pp_arrpart_1
         Filter: (a = '{1}'::integer[])
(4 rows)

explain (costs off) delete from pp_arrpart where a = '{1}';
                 QUERY PLAN                 
--------------------------------------------
 Delete on pp_arrpart
   Delete on pp_arrpart1 pp_arrpart_1
   ->  Seq Scan on pp_arrpart1 pp_arrpart_1
         Filter: (a = '{1}'::integer[])
(4 rows)

drop table pp_arrpart;
-- array type hash partition key
create table pph_arrpart (a int[]) partition by hash (a);
create table pph_arrpart1 partition of pph_arrpart for values with (modulus 2, remainder 0);
create table pph_arrpart2 partition of pph_arrpart for values with (modulus 2, remainder 1);
insert into pph_arrpart values ('{1}'), ('{1, 2}'), ('{4, 5}');
select tableoid::regclass, * from pph_arrpart order by 1;
   tableoid   |   a   
--------------+-------
 pph_arrpart1 | {1,2}
 pph_arrpart1 | {4,5}
 pph_arrpart2 | {1}
(3 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from pph_arrpart where a = '{1}';
              QUERY PLAN              
--------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on pph_arrpart2 pph_arrpart
   Filter: (a = '{1}'::integer[])
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from pph_arrpart where a = '{1, 2}';
              QUERY PLAN              
--------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on pph_arrpart1 pph_arrpart
   Filter: (a = '{1,2}'::integer[])
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from pph_arrpart where a in ('{4, 5}', '{1}');
                              QUERY PLAN                              
----------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on pph_arrpart1 pph_arrpart_1
         Filter: ((a = '{4,5}'::integer[]) OR (a = '{1}'::integer[]))
   ->  Seq Scan on pph_arrpart2 pph_arrpart_2
         Filter: ((a = '{4,5}'::integer[]) OR (a = '{1}'::integer[]))
(5 rows)

drop table pph_arrpart;
-- enum type list partition key
create type pp_colors as enum ('green', 'blue', 'black');
create table pp_enumpart (a pp_colors) partition by list (a);
create table pp_enumpart_green partition of pp_enumpart for values in ('green');
create table pp_enumpart_blue partition of pp_enumpart for values in ('blue');
explain (costs off) select * from pp_enumpart where a = 'blue';
                QUERY PLAN                
------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on pp_enumpart_blue pp_enumpart
   Filter: (a = 'blue'::pp_colors)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from pp_enumpart where a = 'black';
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

drop table pp_enumpart;
drop type pp_colors;
-- record type as partition key
create type pp_rectype as (a int, b int);
create table pp_recpart (a pp_rectype) partition by list (a);
create table pp_recpart_11 partition of pp_recpart for values in ('(1,1)');
create table pp_recpart_23 partition of pp_recpart for values in ('(2,3)');
explain (costs off) select * from pp_recpart where a = '(1,1)'::pp_rectype;
              QUERY PLAN              
--------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on pp_recpart_11 pp_recpart
   Filter: (a = '(1,1)'::pp_rectype)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from pp_recpart where a = '(1,2)'::pp_rectype;
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

drop table pp_recpart;
drop type pp_rectype;
-- range type partition key
create table pp_intrangepart (a int4range) partition by list (a);
create table pp_intrangepart12 partition of pp_intrangepart for values in ('[1,2]');
create table pp_intrangepart2inf partition of pp_intrangepart for values in ('[2,)');
explain (costs off) select * from pp_intrangepart where a = '[1,2]'::int4range;
                  QUERY PLAN                   
-----------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on pp_intrangepart12 pp_intrangepart
   Filter: (a = '[1,3)'::int4range)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from pp_intrangepart where a = '(1,2)'::int4range;
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

drop table pp_intrangepart;
--
-- Ensure the enable_partition_prune GUC properly disables partition pruning.
--
create table pp_lp (a int, value int) partition by list (a);
create table pp_lp1 partition of pp_lp for values in(1);
create table pp_lp2 partition of pp_lp for values in(2);
explain (costs off) select * from pp_lp where a = 1;
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Seq Scan on pp_lp1 pp_lp
   Filter: (a = 1)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) update pp_lp set value = 10 where a = 1;
            QUERY PLAN            
----------------------------------
 Update on pp_lp
   Update on pp_lp1 pp_lp_1
   ->  Seq Scan on pp_lp1 pp_lp_1
         Filter: (a = 1)
(4 rows)

explain (costs off) delete from pp_lp where a = 1;
            QUERY PLAN            
----------------------------------
 Delete on pp_lp
   Delete on pp_lp1 pp_lp_1
   ->  Seq Scan on pp_lp1 pp_lp_1
         Filter: (a = 1)
(4 rows)

set enable_partition_pruning = off;
set constraint_exclusion = 'partition'; -- this should not affect the result.
explain (costs off) select * from pp_lp where a = 1;
            QUERY PLAN            
----------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on pp_lp1 pp_lp_1
         Filter: (a = 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on pp_lp2 pp_lp_2
         Filter: (a = 1)
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) update pp_lp set value = 10 where a = 1;
               QUERY PLAN               
----------------------------------------
 Update on pp_lp
   Update on pp_lp1 pp_lp_1
   Update on pp_lp2 pp_lp_2
   ->  Append
         ->  Seq Scan on pp_lp1 pp_lp_1
               Filter: (a = 1)
         ->  Seq Scan on pp_lp2 pp_lp_2
               Filter: (a = 1)
(8 rows)

explain (costs off) delete from pp_lp where a = 1;
               QUERY PLAN               
----------------------------------------
 Delete on pp_lp
   Delete on pp_lp1 pp_lp_1
   Delete on pp_lp2 pp_lp_2
   ->  Append
         ->  Seq Scan on pp_lp1 pp_lp_1
               Filter: (a = 1)
         ->  Seq Scan on pp_lp2 pp_lp_2
               Filter: (a = 1)
(8 rows)

set constraint_exclusion = 'off'; -- this should not affect the result.
explain (costs off) select * from pp_lp where a = 1;
            QUERY PLAN            
----------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on pp_lp1 pp_lp_1
         Filter: (a = 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on pp_lp2 pp_lp_2
         Filter: (a = 1)
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) update pp_lp set value = 10 where a = 1;
               QUERY PLAN               
----------------------------------------
 Update on pp_lp
   Update on pp_lp1 pp_lp_1
   Update on pp_lp2 pp_lp_2
   ->  Append
         ->  Seq Scan on pp_lp1 pp_lp_1
               Filter: (a = 1)
         ->  Seq Scan on pp_lp2 pp_lp_2
               Filter: (a = 1)
(8 rows)

explain (costs off) delete from pp_lp where a = 1;
               QUERY PLAN               
----------------------------------------
 Delete on pp_lp
   Delete on pp_lp1 pp_lp_1
   Delete on pp_lp2 pp_lp_2
   ->  Append
         ->  Seq Scan on pp_lp1 pp_lp_1
               Filter: (a = 1)
         ->  Seq Scan on pp_lp2 pp_lp_2
               Filter: (a = 1)
(8 rows)

drop table pp_lp;
-- Ensure enable_partition_prune does not affect non-partitioned tables.
create table inh_lp (a int, value int);
create table inh_lp1 (a int, value int, check(a = 1)) inherits (inh_lp);
NOTICE:  merging column "a" with inherited definition
NOTICE:  merging column "value" with inherited definition
create table inh_lp2 (a int, value int, check(a = 2)) inherits (inh_lp);
NOTICE:  merging column "a" with inherited definition
NOTICE:  merging column "value" with inherited definition
set constraint_exclusion = 'partition';
-- inh_lp2 should be removed in the following 3 cases.
explain (costs off) select * from inh_lp where a = 1;
             QUERY PLAN             
------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on inh_lp inh_lp_1
         Filter: (a = 1)
   ->  Seq Scan on inh_lp1 inh_lp_2
         Filter: (a = 1)
(5 rows)

explain (costs off) update inh_lp set value = 10 where a = 1;
                   QUERY PLAN                   
------------------------------------------------
 Update on inh_lp
   Update on inh_lp inh_lp_1
   Update on inh_lp1 inh_lp_2
   ->  Result
         ->  Append
               ->  Seq Scan on inh_lp inh_lp_1
                     Filter: (a = 1)
               ->  Seq Scan on inh_lp1 inh_lp_2
                     Filter: (a = 1)
(9 rows)

explain (costs off) delete from inh_lp where a = 1;
                QUERY PLAN                
------------------------------------------
 Delete on inh_lp
   Delete on inh_lp inh_lp_1
   Delete on inh_lp1 inh_lp_2
   ->  Append
         ->  Seq Scan on inh_lp inh_lp_1
               Filter: (a = 1)
         ->  Seq Scan on inh_lp1 inh_lp_2
               Filter: (a = 1)
(8 rows)

-- Ensure we don't exclude normal relations when we only expect to exclude
-- inheritance children
explain (costs off) update inh_lp1 set value = 10 where a = 2;
        QUERY PLAN         
---------------------------
 Update on inh_lp1
   ->  Seq Scan on inh_lp1
         Filter: (a = 2)
(3 rows)

drop table inh_lp cascade;
NOTICE:  drop cascades to 2 other objects
DETAIL:  drop cascades to table inh_lp1
drop cascades to table inh_lp2
reset enable_partition_pruning;
reset constraint_exclusion;
-- Check pruning for a partition tree containing only temporary relations
create temp table pp_temp_parent (a int) partition by list (a);
create temp table pp_temp_part_1 partition of pp_temp_parent for values in (1);
create temp table pp_temp_part_def partition of pp_temp_parent default;
explain (costs off) select * from pp_temp_parent where true;
                     QUERY PLAN                      
-----------------------------------------------------
 Append
   ->  Seq Scan on pp_temp_part_1 pp_temp_parent_1
   ->  Seq Scan on pp_temp_part_def pp_temp_parent_2
(3 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from pp_temp_parent where a = 2;
                 QUERY PLAN                  
---------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on pp_temp_part_def pp_temp_parent
   Filter: (a = 2)
(2 rows)

drop table pp_temp_parent;
-- Stress run-time partition pruning a bit more, per bug reports
create temp table p (a int, b int, c int) partition by list (a);
create temp table p1 partition of p for values in (1);
create temp table p2 partition of p for values in (2);
create temp table q (a int, b int, c int) partition by list (a);
create temp table q1 partition of q for values in (1) partition by list (b);
create temp table q11 partition of q1 for values in (1) partition by list (c);
create temp table q111 partition of q11 for values in (1);
create temp table q2 partition of q for values in (2) partition by list (b);
create temp table q21 partition of q2 for values in (1);
create temp table q22 partition of q2 for values in (2);
insert into q22 values (2, 2, 3);
explain (costs off)
select *
from (
      select * from p
      union all
      select * from q1
      union all
      select 1, 1, 1
     ) s(a, b, c)
where s.a = 1 and s.b = 1 and s.c = (select 1);
                     QUERY PLAN                     
----------------------------------------------------
 Append
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Result
   ->  Seq Scan on p1 p
         Filter: ((a = 1) AND (b = 1) AND (c = $0))
   ->  Seq Scan on q111 q1
         Filter: ((a = 1) AND (b = 1) AND (c = $0))
   ->  Result
         One-Time Filter: (1 = $0)
(9 rows)

select *
from (
      select * from p
      union all
      select * from q1
      union all
      select 1, 1, 1
     ) s(a, b, c)
where s.a = 1 and s.b = 1 and s.c = (select 1);
 a | b | c 
---+---+---
 1 | 1 | 1
(1 row)

prepare q (int, int) as
select *
from (
      select * from p
      union all
      select * from q1
      union all
      select 1, 1, 1
     ) s(a, b, c)
where s.a = $1 and s.b = $2 and s.c = (select 1);
explain (costs off) execute q (1, 1);
                          QUERY PLAN                           
---------------------------------------------------------------
 Append
   Subplans Removed: 1
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Result
   ->  Seq Scan on p1 p
         Filter: ((a = $1) AND (b = $2) AND (c = $0))
   ->  Seq Scan on q111 q1
         Filter: ((a = $1) AND (b = $2) AND (c = $0))
   ->  Result
         One-Time Filter: ((1 = $1) AND (1 = $2) AND (1 = $0))
(10 rows)

execute q (1, 1);
 a | b | c 
---+---+---
 1 | 1 | 1
(1 row)

drop table p, q;
-- Ensure run-time pruning works correctly when we match a partitioned table
-- on the first level but find no matching partitions on the second level.
create table listp (a int, b int) partition by list (a);
create table listp1 partition of listp for values in(1);
create table listp2 partition of listp for values in(2) partition by list(b);
create table listp2_10 partition of listp2 for values in (10);
explain (analyze, costs off, summary off, timing off)
select * from listp where a = (select 2) and b <> 10;
                    QUERY PLAN                    
--------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on listp1 listp (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   Filter: ((b <> 10) AND (a = $0))
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Result (never executed)
(4 rows)

--
-- check that a partition directly accessed in a query is excluded with
-- constraint_exclusion = on
--
-- turn off partition pruning, so that it doesn't interfere
set enable_partition_pruning to off;
-- setting constraint_exclusion to 'partition' disables exclusion
set constraint_exclusion to 'partition';
explain (costs off) select * from listp1 where a = 2;
     QUERY PLAN     
--------------------
 Seq Scan on listp1
   Filter: (a = 2)
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) update listp1 set a = 1 where a = 2;
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Update on listp1
   ->  Seq Scan on listp1
         Filter: (a = 2)
(3 rows)

-- constraint exclusion enabled
set constraint_exclusion to 'on';
explain (costs off) select * from listp1 where a = 2;
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) update listp1 set a = 1 where a = 2;
           QUERY PLAN           
--------------------------------
 Update on listp1
   ->  Result
         One-Time Filter: false
(3 rows)

reset constraint_exclusion;
reset enable_partition_pruning;
drop table listp;
-- Ensure run-time pruning works correctly for nested Append nodes
set parallel_setup_cost to 0;
set parallel_tuple_cost to 0;
create table listp (a int) partition by list(a);
create table listp_12 partition of listp for values in(1,2) partition by list(a);
create table listp_12_1 partition of listp_12 for values in(1);
create table listp_12_2 partition of listp_12 for values in(2);
-- Force the 2nd subnode of the Append to be non-parallel.  This results in
-- a nested Append node because the mixed parallel / non-parallel paths cannot
-- be pulled into the top-level Append.
alter table listp_12_1 set (parallel_workers = 0);
-- Ensure that listp_12_2 is not scanned.  (The nested Append is not seen in
-- the plan as it's pulled in setref.c due to having just a single subnode).
select explain_parallel_append('select * from listp where a = (select 1);');
                       explain_parallel_append                        
----------------------------------------------------------------------
 Gather (actual rows=N loops=N)
   Workers Planned: 2
   Params Evaluated: $0
   Workers Launched: N
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Result (actual rows=N loops=N)
   ->  Parallel Append (actual rows=N loops=N)
         ->  Seq Scan on listp_12_1 listp_1 (actual rows=N loops=N)
               Filter: (a = $0)
         ->  Parallel Seq Scan on listp_12_2 listp_2 (never executed)
               Filter: (a = $0)
(11 rows)

-- Like the above but throw some more complexity at the planner by adding
-- a UNION ALL.  We expect both sides of the union not to scan the
-- non-required partitions.
select explain_parallel_append(
'select * from listp where a = (select 1)
  union all
select * from listp where a = (select 2);');
                              explain_parallel_append                              
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=N loops=N)
   ->  Gather (actual rows=N loops=N)
         Workers Planned: 2
         Params Evaluated: $0
         Workers Launched: N
         InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
           ->  Result (actual rows=N loops=N)
         ->  Parallel Append (actual rows=N loops=N)
               ->  Seq Scan on listp_12_1 listp_1 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                     Filter: (a = $0)
               ->  Parallel Seq Scan on listp_12_2 listp_2 (never executed)
                     Filter: (a = $0)
   ->  Gather (actual rows=N loops=N)
         Workers Planned: 2
         Params Evaluated: $1
         Workers Launched: N
         InitPlan 2 (returns $1)
           ->  Result (actual rows=N loops=N)
         ->  Parallel Append (actual rows=N loops=N)
               ->  Seq Scan on listp_12_1 listp_4 (never executed)
                     Filter: (a = $1)
               ->  Parallel Seq Scan on listp_12_2 listp_5 (actual rows=N loops=N)
                     Filter: (a = $1)
(23 rows)

drop table listp;
reset parallel_tuple_cost;
reset parallel_setup_cost;
-- Test case for run-time pruning with a nested Merge Append
set enable_sort to 0;
create table rangep (a int, b int) partition by range (a);
create table rangep_0_to_100 partition of rangep for values from (0) to (100) partition by list (b);
-- We need 3 sub-partitions. 1 to validate pruning worked and another two
-- because a single remaining partition would be pulled up to the main Append.
create table rangep_0_to_100_1 partition of rangep_0_to_100 for values in(1);
create table rangep_0_to_100_2 partition of rangep_0_to_100 for values in(2);
create table rangep_0_to_100_3 partition of rangep_0_to_100 for values in(3);
create table rangep_100_to_200 partition of rangep for values from (100) to (200);
create index on rangep (a);
-- Ensure run-time pruning works on the nested Merge Append
explain (analyze on, costs off, timing off, summary off)
select * from rangep where b IN((select 1),(select 2)) order by a;
                                                 QUERY PLAN                                                 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
   InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
     ->  Result (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   InitPlan 2 (returns $1)
     ->  Result (actual rows=1 loops=1)
   ->  Merge Append (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Sort Key: rangep_2.a
         ->  Index Scan using rangep_0_to_100_1_a_idx on rangep_0_to_100_1 rangep_2 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
               Filter: (b = ANY (ARRAY[$0, $1]))
         ->  Index Scan using rangep_0_to_100_2_a_idx on rangep_0_to_100_2 rangep_3 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
               Filter: (b = ANY (ARRAY[$0, $1]))
         ->  Index Scan using rangep_0_to_100_3_a_idx on rangep_0_to_100_3 rangep_4 (never executed)
               Filter: (b = ANY (ARRAY[$0, $1]))
   ->  Index Scan using rangep_100_to_200_a_idx on rangep_100_to_200 rangep_5 (actual rows=0 loops=1)
         Filter: (b = ANY (ARRAY[$0, $1]))
(15 rows)

reset enable_sort;
drop table rangep;
--
-- Check that gen_prune_steps_from_opexps() works well for various cases of
-- clauses for different partition keys
--
create table rp_prefix_test1 (a int, b varchar) partition by range(a, b);
create table rp_prefix_test1_p1 partition of rp_prefix_test1 for values from (1, 'a') to (1, 'b');
create table rp_prefix_test1_p2 partition of rp_prefix_test1 for values from (2, 'a') to (2, 'b');
-- Don't call get_steps_using_prefix() with the last partition key b plus
-- an empty prefix
explain (costs off) select * from rp_prefix_test1 where a <= 1 and b = 'a';
                    QUERY PLAN                    
--------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on rp_prefix_test1_p1 rp_prefix_test1
   Filter: ((a <= 1) AND ((b)::text = 'a'::text))
(2 rows)

create table rp_prefix_test2 (a int, b int, c int) partition by range(a, b, c);
create table rp_prefix_test2_p1 partition of rp_prefix_test2 for values from (1, 1, 0) to (1, 1, 10);
create table rp_prefix_test2_p2 partition of rp_prefix_test2 for values from (2, 2, 0) to (2, 2, 10);
-- Don't call get_steps_using_prefix() with the last partition key c plus
-- an invalid prefix (ie, b = 1)
explain (costs off) select * from rp_prefix_test2 where a <= 1 and b = 1 and c >= 0;
                   QUERY PLAN                   
------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on rp_prefix_test2_p1 rp_prefix_test2
   Filter: ((a <= 1) AND (c >= 0) AND (b = 1))
(2 rows)

create table rp_prefix_test3 (a int, b int, c int, d int) partition by range(a, b, c, d);
create table rp_prefix_test3_p1 partition of rp_prefix_test3 for values from (1, 1, 1, 0) to (1, 1, 1, 10);
create table rp_prefix_test3_p2 partition of rp_prefix_test3 for values from (2, 2, 2, 0) to (2, 2, 2, 10);
-- Test that get_steps_using_prefix() handles a prefix that contains multiple
-- clauses for the partition key b (ie, b >= 1 and b >= 2)
explain (costs off) select * from rp_prefix_test3 where a >= 1 and b >= 1 and b >= 2 and c >= 2 and d >= 0;
                                QUERY PLAN                                
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on rp_prefix_test3_p2 rp_prefix_test3
   Filter: ((a >= 1) AND (b >= 1) AND (b >= 2) AND (c >= 2) AND (d >= 0))
(2 rows)

-- Test that get_steps_using_prefix() handles a prefix that contains multiple
-- clauses for the partition key b (ie, b >= 1 and b = 2)  (This also tests
-- that the caller arranges clauses in that prefix in the required order)
explain (costs off) select * from rp_prefix_test3 where a >= 1 and b >= 1 and b = 2 and c = 2 and d >= 0;
                               QUERY PLAN                               
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on rp_prefix_test3_p2 rp_prefix_test3
   Filter: ((a >= 1) AND (b >= 1) AND (d >= 0) AND (b = 2) AND (c = 2))
(2 rows)

drop table rp_prefix_test1;
drop table rp_prefix_test2;
drop table rp_prefix_test3;
--
-- Test that get_steps_using_prefix() handles IS NULL clauses correctly
--
create table hp_prefix_test (a int, b int, c int, d int)
  partition by hash (a part_test_int4_ops, b part_test_int4_ops, c part_test_int4_ops, d part_test_int4_ops);
-- create 8 partitions
select 'create table hp_prefix_test_p' || x::text || ' partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder ' || x::text || ');'
from generate_Series(0,7) x;
                                               ?column?                                               
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 create table hp_prefix_test_p0 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 0);
 create table hp_prefix_test_p1 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 1);
 create table hp_prefix_test_p2 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 2);
 create table hp_prefix_test_p3 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 3);
 create table hp_prefix_test_p4 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 4);
 create table hp_prefix_test_p5 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 5);
 create table hp_prefix_test_p6 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 6);
 create table hp_prefix_test_p7 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 7);
(8 rows)

\gexec
create table hp_prefix_test_p0 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 0);
create table hp_prefix_test_p1 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 1);
create table hp_prefix_test_p2 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 2);
create table hp_prefix_test_p3 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 3);
create table hp_prefix_test_p4 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 4);
create table hp_prefix_test_p5 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 5);
create table hp_prefix_test_p6 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 6);
create table hp_prefix_test_p7 partition of hp_prefix_test for values with (modulus 8, remainder 7);
-- insert 16 rows, one row for each test to perform.
insert into hp_prefix_test
select
  case a when 0 then null else 1 end,
  case b when 0 then null else 2 end,
  case c when 0 then null else 3 end,
  case d when 0 then null else 4 end
from
  generate_series(0,1) a,
  generate_series(0,1) b,
  generate_Series(0,1) c,
  generate_Series(0,1) d;
-- Ensure partition pruning works correctly for each combination of IS NULL
-- and equality quals.  This may seem a little excessive, but there have been
-- a number of bugs in this area over the years.  We make use of row only
-- output to reduce the size of the expected results.
\t on
select
  'explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where ' ||
  string_agg(c.colname || case when g.s & (1 << c.colpos) = 0 then ' is null' else ' = ' || (colpos+1)::text end, ' and ' order by c.colpos)
from (values('a',0),('b',1),('c',2),('d',3)) c(colname, colpos), generate_Series(0,15) g(s)
group by g.s
order by g.s;
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c is null and d is null
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c is null and d is null
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c is null and d is null
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c is null and d is null
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c = 3 and d is null
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c = 3 and d is null
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c = 3 and d is null
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c = 3 and d is null
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c is null and d = 4
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c is null and d = 4
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c is null and d = 4
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c is null and d = 4
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c = 3 and d = 4
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c = 3 and d = 4
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c = 3 and d = 4
 explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c = 3 and d = 4

\gexec
explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c is null and d is null
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p0 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((a IS NULL) AND (b IS NULL) AND (c IS NULL) AND (d IS NULL))

explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c is null and d is null
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p1 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((b IS NULL) AND (c IS NULL) AND (d IS NULL) AND (a = 1))

explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c is null and d is null
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p2 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((a IS NULL) AND (c IS NULL) AND (d IS NULL) AND (b = 2))

explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c is null and d is null
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p4 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((c IS NULL) AND (d IS NULL) AND (a = 1) AND (b = 2))

explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c = 3 and d is null
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p3 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((a IS NULL) AND (b IS NULL) AND (d IS NULL) AND (c = 3))

explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c = 3 and d is null
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p7 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((b IS NULL) AND (d IS NULL) AND (a = 1) AND (c = 3))

explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c = 3 and d is null
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p4 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((a IS NULL) AND (d IS NULL) AND (b = 2) AND (c = 3))

explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c = 3 and d is null
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p5 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((d IS NULL) AND (a = 1) AND (b = 2) AND (c = 3))

explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c is null and d = 4
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p4 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((a IS NULL) AND (b IS NULL) AND (c IS NULL) AND (d = 4))

explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c is null and d = 4
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p6 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((b IS NULL) AND (c IS NULL) AND (a = 1) AND (d = 4))

explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c is null and d = 4
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p5 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((a IS NULL) AND (c IS NULL) AND (b = 2) AND (d = 4))

explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c is null and d = 4
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p6 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((c IS NULL) AND (a = 1) AND (b = 2) AND (d = 4))

explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c = 3 and d = 4
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p4 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((a IS NULL) AND (b IS NULL) AND (c = 3) AND (d = 4))

explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c = 3 and d = 4
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p5 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((b IS NULL) AND (a = 1) AND (c = 3) AND (d = 4))

explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c = 3 and d = 4
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p6 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((a IS NULL) AND (b = 2) AND (c = 3) AND (d = 4))

explain (costs off) select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c = 3 and d = 4
 Seq Scan on hp_prefix_test_p4 hp_prefix_test
   Filter: ((a = 1) AND (b = 2) AND (c = 3) AND (d = 4))

-- And ensure we get exactly 1 row from each. Again, all 16 possible combinations.
select
  'select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where ' ||
  string_agg(c.colname || case when g.s & (1 << c.colpos) = 0 then ' is null' else ' = ' || (colpos+1)::text end, ' and ' order by c.colpos)
from (values('a',0),('b',1),('c',2),('d',3)) c(colname, colpos), generate_Series(0,15) g(s)
group by g.s
order by g.s;
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c is null and d is null
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c is null and d is null
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c is null and d is null
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c is null and d is null
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c = 3 and d is null
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c = 3 and d is null
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c = 3 and d is null
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c = 3 and d is null
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c is null and d = 4
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c is null and d = 4
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c is null and d = 4
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c is null and d = 4
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c = 3 and d = 4
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c = 3 and d = 4
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c = 3 and d = 4
 select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c = 3 and d = 4

\gexec
select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c is null and d is null
 hp_prefix_test_p0 |   |   |   |  

select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c is null and d is null
 hp_prefix_test_p1 | 1 |   |   |  

select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c is null and d is null
 hp_prefix_test_p2 |   | 2 |   |  

select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c is null and d is null
 hp_prefix_test_p4 | 1 | 2 |   |  

select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c = 3 and d is null
 hp_prefix_test_p3 |   |   | 3 |  

select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c = 3 and d is null
 hp_prefix_test_p7 | 1 |   | 3 |  

select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c = 3 and d is null
 hp_prefix_test_p4 |   | 2 | 3 |  

select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c = 3 and d is null
 hp_prefix_test_p5 | 1 | 2 | 3 |  

select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c is null and d = 4
 hp_prefix_test_p4 |   |   |   | 4

select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c is null and d = 4
 hp_prefix_test_p6 | 1 |   |   | 4

select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c is null and d = 4
 hp_prefix_test_p5 |   | 2 |   | 4

select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c is null and d = 4
 hp_prefix_test_p6 | 1 | 2 |   | 4

select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b is null and c = 3 and d = 4
 hp_prefix_test_p4 |   |   | 3 | 4

select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b is null and c = 3 and d = 4
 hp_prefix_test_p5 | 1 |   | 3 | 4

select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a is null and b = 2 and c = 3 and d = 4
 hp_prefix_test_p6 |   | 2 | 3 | 4

select tableoid::regclass,* from hp_prefix_test where a = 1 and b = 2 and c = 3 and d = 4
 hp_prefix_test_p4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4

\t off
drop table hp_prefix_test;
--
-- Check that gen_partprune_steps() detects self-contradiction from clauses
-- regardless of the order of the clauses (Here we use a custom operator to
-- prevent the equivclass.c machinery from reordering the clauses)
--
create operator === (
   leftarg = int4,
   rightarg = int4,
   procedure = int4eq,
   commutator = ===,
   hashes
);
create operator class part_test_int4_ops2
for type int4
using hash as
operator 1 ===,
function 2 part_hashint4_noop(int4, int8);
create table hp_contradict_test (a int, b int) partition by hash (a part_test_int4_ops2, b part_test_int4_ops2);
create table hp_contradict_test_p1 partition of hp_contradict_test for values with (modulus 2, remainder 0);
create table hp_contradict_test_p2 partition of hp_contradict_test for values with (modulus 2, remainder 1);
explain (costs off) select * from hp_contradict_test where a is null and a === 1 and b === 1;
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

explain (costs off) select * from hp_contradict_test where a === 1 and b === 1 and a is null;
        QUERY PLAN        
--------------------------
 Result
   One-Time Filter: false
(2 rows)

drop table hp_contradict_test;
drop operator class part_test_int4_ops2 using hash;
drop operator ===(int4, int4);