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diff --git a/src/raptor_statement.c b/src/raptor_statement.c
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+/* -*- Mode: c; c-basic-offset: 2 -*-
+ *
+ * raptor_statement.c - Raptor statements
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2008-2010, David Beckett http://www.dajobe.org/
+ * 
+ * This package is Free Software and part of Redland http://librdf.org/
+ * 
+ * It is licensed under the following three licenses as alternatives:
+ *   1. GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) V2.1 or any newer version
+ *   2. GNU General Public License (GPL) V2 or any newer version
+ *   3. Apache License, V2.0 or any newer version
+ * 
+ * You may not use this file except in compliance with at least one of
+ * the above three licenses.
+ * 
+ * See LICENSE.html or LICENSE.txt at the top of this package for the
+ * complete terms and further detail along with the license texts for
+ * the licenses in COPYING.LIB, COPYING and LICENSE-2.0.txt respectively.
+ * 
+ */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
+#include <raptor_config.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+/* for ptrdiff_t */
+#ifdef HAVE_STDDEF_H
+#include <stddef.h>
+#endif
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#endif
+
+/* Raptor includes */
+#include "raptor2.h"
+#include "raptor_internal.h"
+
+
+/* prototypes for helper functions */
+
+
+/**
+ * raptor_new_statement:
+ * @world: raptor world
+ *
+ * Constructor - create a new #raptor_statement.
+ *
+ * Return value: new raptor statement or NULL on failure
+ */
+raptor_statement*
+raptor_new_statement(raptor_world *world)
+{
+  raptor_statement* statement;
+
+  RAPTOR_CHECK_CONSTRUCTOR_WORLD(world);
+
+  raptor_world_open(world);
+
+  statement = RAPTOR_CALLOC(raptor_statement*, 1, sizeof(*statement));
+  if(!statement)
+    return NULL;
+  
+  statement->world = world;
+  /* dynamic - usage counted */
+  statement->usage = 1;
+
+  return statement;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * raptor_new_statement_from_nodes:
+ * @world: raptor world
+ * @subject: subject term (or NULL)
+ * @predicate: predicate term (or NULL)
+ * @object: object term (or NULL)
+ * @graph: graph name term (or NULL)
+ *
+ * Constructor - create a new #raptor_statement from a set of terms
+ *
+ * The @subject, @predicate, @object and @graph become owned by the statement.
+ *
+ * Return value: new raptor statement or NULL on failure
+ */
+raptor_statement*
+raptor_new_statement_from_nodes(raptor_world* world, raptor_term *subject,
+                                raptor_term *predicate, raptor_term *object,
+                                raptor_term *graph)
+{
+  raptor_statement* t;
+  
+  RAPTOR_CHECK_CONSTRUCTOR_WORLD(world);
+
+  t = raptor_new_statement(world);
+  if(!t) {
+    if(subject)
+      raptor_free_term(subject);
+    if(predicate)
+      raptor_free_term(predicate);
+    if(object)
+      raptor_free_term(object);
+    if(graph)
+      raptor_free_term(graph);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  
+  t->subject = subject;
+  t->predicate = predicate;
+  t->object = object;
+  t->graph = graph;
+
+  return t;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * raptor_statement_init:
+ * @statement: statement to initialize
+ * @world: raptor world
+ *
+ * Initialize a static #raptor_statement.
+ *
+ */
+void
+raptor_statement_init(raptor_statement *statement, raptor_world *world)
+{
+  RAPTOR_ASSERT_OBJECT_POINTER_RETURN(world, raptor_world);
+  RAPTOR_ASSERT_OBJECT_POINTER_RETURN(statement, raptor_statement);
+
+  /* ensure all fields are set to NULL to start with */
+  memset(statement, 0, sizeof(*statement));
+
+  statement->world = world;
+
+  /* static - not usage counted */
+  statement->usage = -1;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * raptor_statement_copy:
+ * @statement: statement to copy
+ *
+ * Copy a #raptor_statement.
+ *
+ * Return value: a new #raptor_statement or NULL on error
+ */
+raptor_statement*
+raptor_statement_copy(raptor_statement *statement)
+{
+  RAPTOR_ASSERT_OBJECT_POINTER_RETURN_VALUE(statement, raptor_statement, NULL);
+
+  /* static - not usage counted */
+  if(statement->usage < 0) {
+    raptor_statement* s2;
+    /* s2 will be a dynamic, usage->counted statement */
+    s2 = raptor_new_statement(statement->world);
+    if(!s2)
+      return NULL;
+
+    s2->world = statement->world;
+    if(statement->subject)
+      s2->subject = raptor_term_copy(statement->subject);
+    if(statement->predicate)
+      s2->predicate = raptor_term_copy(statement->predicate);
+    if(statement->object)
+      s2->object = raptor_term_copy(statement->object);
+    if(statement->graph)
+      s2->graph = raptor_term_copy(statement->graph);
+
+    return s2;
+  }
+  
+  statement->usage++;
+
+  return statement;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * raptor_statement_clear:
+ * @statement: #raptor_statement object
+ *
+ * Empty a raptor_statement of terms.
+ * 
+ **/
+void
+raptor_statement_clear(raptor_statement *statement)
+{
+  if(!statement)
+    return;
+
+  /* raptor_free_term() does a NULL check */
+
+  raptor_free_term(statement->subject);
+  statement->subject = NULL;
+
+  raptor_free_term(statement->predicate);
+  statement->predicate = NULL;
+
+  raptor_free_term(statement->object);
+  statement->object = NULL;
+
+  raptor_free_term(statement->graph);
+  statement->graph = NULL;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * raptor_free_statement:
+ * @statement: statement
+ *
+ * Destructor
+ *
+ */
+void
+raptor_free_statement(raptor_statement *statement)
+{
+  /* dynamically or statically allocated? */
+  int is_dynamic;
+
+  if(!statement)
+    return;
+
+  is_dynamic = (statement->usage >= 0);
+
+  /* dynamically allocated and still in use? */
+  if(is_dynamic && --statement->usage)
+    return;
+
+  raptor_statement_clear(statement);
+  
+  if(is_dynamic)
+    RAPTOR_FREE(raptor_statement, statement);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * raptor_statement_print:
+ * @statement: #raptor_statement object to print
+ * @stream: FILE* stream
+ *
+ * Print a raptor_statement to a stream.
+ *
+ * Return value: non-0 on failure
+ **/
+int
+raptor_statement_print(const raptor_statement * statement, FILE *stream) 
+{
+  int rc = 0;
+  
+  RAPTOR_ASSERT_OBJECT_POINTER_RETURN_VALUE(statement, raptor_statement, 1);
+
+  fputc('[', stream);
+
+  if(!statement->subject) {
+    fputs("NULL", stream);
+  } else {
+    if(statement->subject->type == RAPTOR_TERM_TYPE_BLANK)
+      fputs((const char*)statement->subject->value.blank.string, stream);
+    else
+      raptor_uri_print(statement->subject->value.uri, stream);
+  }
+  
+  fputs(", ", stream);
+
+  if(statement->predicate)
+    raptor_uri_print(statement->predicate->value.uri, stream);
+  else
+    fputs("NULL", stream);
+  
+  fputs(", ", stream);
+
+  if(!statement->object) {
+    fputs("NULL", stream);
+  } else {
+    if(statement->object->type == RAPTOR_TERM_TYPE_LITERAL) {
+      if(statement->object->value.literal.datatype) {
+        raptor_uri* dt_uri = statement->object->value.literal.datatype;
+        fputc('<', stream);
+        fputs((const char*)raptor_uri_as_string(dt_uri), stream);
+        fputc('>', stream);
+      }
+      fputc('"', stream);
+      fputs((const char*)statement->object->value.literal.string, stream);
+      fputc('"', stream);
+    } else if(statement->object->type == RAPTOR_TERM_TYPE_BLANK)
+      fputs((const char*)statement->object->value.blank.string, stream);
+    else {
+      raptor_uri_print(statement->object->value.uri, stream);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if(statement->graph) {
+    if(statement->graph->type == RAPTOR_TERM_TYPE_BLANK &&
+       statement->graph->value.blank.string) {
+      fputs(", ", stream);
+
+      fputs((const char*)statement->graph->value.blank.string, stream);
+    } else if(statement->graph->type == RAPTOR_TERM_TYPE_URI &&
+              statement->graph->value.uri) {
+      fputs(", ", stream);
+      raptor_uri_print(statement->graph->value.uri, stream);
+    }
+  }
+  
+  fputc(']', stream);
+  
+  return rc;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * raptor_statement_print_as_ntriples:
+ * @statement: #raptor_statement to print
+ * @stream: FILE* stream
+ *
+ * Print a raptor_statement in N-Triples form.
+ *
+ * Return value: non-0 on failure
+ **/
+int
+raptor_statement_print_as_ntriples(const raptor_statement * statement,
+                                   FILE *stream) 
+{
+  RAPTOR_ASSERT_OBJECT_POINTER_RETURN_VALUE(statement, raptor_statement, 1);
+
+  if(raptor_term_print_as_ntriples(statement->subject, stream))
+    return 1;
+
+  fputc(' ', stream);
+  if(raptor_term_print_as_ntriples(statement->predicate, stream))
+    return 1;
+
+  fputc(' ', stream);
+  if(raptor_term_print_as_ntriples(statement->object, stream))
+    return 1;
+
+  fputs(" .", stream);
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+ 
+/**
+ * raptor_statement_compare:
+ * @s1: first statement
+ * @s2: second statement
+ *
+ * Compare a pair of #raptor_statement
+ *
+ * Uses raptor_term_compare() to check ordering between subjects,
+ * predicates and objects of statements.
+ * 
+ * Return value: <0 if s1 is before s2, 0 if equal, >0 if s1 is after s2
+ */
+int
+raptor_statement_compare(const raptor_statement *s1,
+                         const raptor_statement *s2)
+{
+  int d = 0;
+
+  if(!s1 || !s2) {
+    /* If one or both are NULL, return a stable comparison order */
+    ptrdiff_t pd = (s2 - s1);
+    
+    /* copy the sign of the (unknown size) signed integer 'd' into an
+     * int result
+     */
+    return (pd > 0) - (pd < 0);
+  }
+
+  d = raptor_term_compare(s1->subject, s2->subject);
+  if(d)
+    return d;
+
+  /* predicates are URIs */
+  d = raptor_term_compare(s1->predicate, s2->predicate);
+  if(d)
+    return d;
+
+  /* objects are URIs or blank nodes or literals */
+  d = raptor_term_compare(s1->object, s2->object);
+  if(d)
+    return d;
+
+  /* graphs are URIs or blank nodes */
+  d = raptor_term_compare(s1->graph, s2->graph);
+
+  return d;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * raptor_statement_equals:
+ * @s1: first statement
+ * @s2: second statement
+ *
+ * Compare a pair of #raptor_statement for equality
+ *
+ * Return value: non-0 if statements are equal
+ */
+int
+raptor_statement_equals(const raptor_statement* s1, const raptor_statement* s2)
+{
+  if(!s1 || !s2)
+    return 0;
+  
+  if(!raptor_term_equals(s1->subject, s2->subject))
+    return 0;
+  
+  if(!raptor_term_equals(s1->predicate, s2->predicate))
+    return 0;
+  
+  if(!raptor_term_equals(s1->object, s2->object))
+    return 0;
+
+  return 1;
+}