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diff --git a/extra/bitflags/src/lib.rs b/extra/bitflags/src/lib.rs new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c8aff6873 --- /dev/null +++ b/extra/bitflags/src/lib.rs @@ -0,0 +1,921 @@ +// Copyright 2014 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT +// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at +// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT. +// +// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or +// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license +// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your +// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed +// except according to those terms. + +/*! +Generate types for C-style flags with ergonomic APIs. + +# Getting started + +Add `bitflags` to your `Cargo.toml`: + +```toml +[dependencies.bitflags] +version = "2.4.1" +``` + +## Generating flags types + +Use the [`bitflags`] macro to generate flags types: + +```rust +use bitflags::bitflags; + +bitflags! { + pub struct Flags: u32 { + const A = 0b00000001; + const B = 0b00000010; + const C = 0b00000100; + } +} +``` + +See the docs for the `bitflags` macro for the full syntax. + +Also see the [`example_generated`] module for an example of what the `bitflags` macro generates for a flags type. + +### Externally defined flags + +If you're generating flags types for an external source, such as a C API, you can define +an extra unnamed flag as a mask of all bits the external source may ever set. Usually this would be all bits (`!0`): + +```rust +# use bitflags::bitflags; +bitflags! { + pub struct Flags: u32 { + const A = 0b00000001; + const B = 0b00000010; + const C = 0b00000100; + + // The source may set any bits + const _ = !0; + } +} +``` + +Why should you do this? Generated methods like `all` and truncating operators like `!` only consider +bits in defined flags. Adding an unnamed flag makes those methods consider additional bits, +without generating additional constants for them. It helps compatibility when the external source +may start setting additional bits at any time. The [known and unknown bits](#known-and-unknown-bits) +section has more details on this behavior. + +### Custom derives + +You can derive some traits on generated flags types if you enable Cargo features. The following +libraries are currently supported: + +- `serde`: Support `#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]`, using text for human-readable formats, +and a raw number for binary formats. +- `arbitrary`: Support `#[derive(Arbitrary)]`, only generating flags values with known bits. +- `bytemuck`: Support `#[derive(Pod, Zeroable)]`, for casting between flags values and their +underlying bits values. + +You can also define your own flags type outside of the [`bitflags`] macro and then use it to generate methods. +This can be useful if you need a custom `#[derive]` attribute for a library that `bitflags` doesn't +natively support: + +```rust +# use std::fmt::Debug as SomeTrait; +# use bitflags::bitflags; +#[derive(SomeTrait)] +pub struct Flags(u32); + +bitflags! { + impl Flags: u32 { + const A = 0b00000001; + const B = 0b00000010; + const C = 0b00000100; + } +} +``` + +### Adding custom methods + +The [`bitflags`] macro supports attributes on generated flags types within the macro itself, while +`impl` blocks can be added outside of it: + +```rust +# use bitflags::bitflags; +bitflags! { + // Attributes can be applied to flags types + #[repr(transparent)] + #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)] + pub struct Flags: u32 { + const A = 0b00000001; + const B = 0b00000010; + const C = 0b00000100; + } +} + +// Impl blocks can be added to flags types +impl Flags { + pub fn as_u64(&self) -> u64 { + self.bits() as u64 + } +} +``` + +## Working with flags values + +Use generated constants and standard bitwise operators to interact with flags values: + +```rust +# use bitflags::bitflags; +# bitflags! { +# #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)] +# pub struct Flags: u32 { +# const A = 0b00000001; +# const B = 0b00000010; +# const C = 0b00000100; +# } +# } +// union +let ab = Flags::A | Flags::B; + +// intersection +let a = ab & Flags::A; + +// difference +let b = ab - Flags::A; + +// complement +let c = !ab; +``` + +See the docs for the [`Flags`] trait for more details on operators and how they behave. + +# Formatting and parsing + +`bitflags` defines a text format that can be used to convert any flags value to and from strings. + +See the [`parser`] module for more details. + +# Specification + +The terminology and behavior of generated flags types is +[specified in the source repository](https://github.com/bitflags/bitflags/blob/main/spec.md). +Details are repeated in these docs where appropriate, but is exhaustively listed in the spec. Some +things are worth calling out explicitly here. + +## Flags types, flags values, flags + +The spec and these docs use consistent terminology to refer to things in the bitflags domain: + +- **Bits type**: A type that defines a fixed number of bits at specific locations. +- **Flag**: A set of bits in a bits type that may have a unique name. +- **Flags type**: A set of defined flags over a specific bits type. +- **Flags value**: An instance of a flags type using its specific bits value for storage. + +``` +# use bitflags::bitflags; +bitflags! { + struct FlagsType: u8 { +// -- Bits type +// --------- Flags type + const A = 1; +// ----- Flag + } +} + +let flag = FlagsType::A; +// ---- Flags value +``` + +## Known and unknown bits + +Any bits in a flag you define are called _known bits_. Any other bits are _unknown bits_. +In the following flags type: + +``` +# use bitflags::bitflags; +bitflags! { + struct Flags: u8 { + const A = 1; + const B = 1 << 1; + const C = 1 << 2; + } +} +``` + +The known bits are `0b0000_0111` and the unknown bits are `0b1111_1000`. + +`bitflags` doesn't guarantee that a flags value will only ever have known bits set, but some operators +will unset any unknown bits they encounter. In a future version of `bitflags`, all operators will +unset unknown bits. + +If you're using `bitflags` for flags types defined externally, such as from C, you probably want all +bits to be considered known, in case that external source changes. You can do this using an unnamed +flag, as described in [externally defined flags](#externally-defined-flags). + +## Zero-bit flags + +Flags with no bits set should be avoided because they interact strangely with [`Flags::contains`] +and [`Flags::intersects`]. A zero-bit flag is always contained, but is never intersected. The +names of zero-bit flags can be parsed, but are never formatted. + +## Multi-bit flags + +Flags that set multiple bits should be avoided unless each bit is also in a single-bit flag. +Take the following flags type as an example: + +``` +# use bitflags::bitflags; +bitflags! { + struct Flags: u8 { + const A = 1; + const B = 1 | 1 << 1; + } +} +``` + +The result of `Flags::A ^ Flags::B` is `0b0000_0010`, which doesn't correspond to either +`Flags::A` or `Flags::B` even though it's still a known bit. +*/ + +#![cfg_attr(not(any(feature = "std", test)), no_std)] +#![cfg_attr(not(test), forbid(unsafe_code))] +#![cfg_attr(test, allow(mixed_script_confusables))] + +#[doc(inline)] +pub use traits::{Bits, Flag, Flags}; + +pub mod iter; +pub mod parser; + +mod traits; + +#[doc(hidden)] +pub mod __private { + pub use crate::{external::__private::*, traits::__private::*}; + + pub use core; +} + +#[allow(unused_imports)] +pub use external::*; + +#[allow(deprecated)] +pub use traits::BitFlags; + +/* +How does the bitflags crate work? + +This library generates a `struct` in the end-user's crate with a bunch of constants on it that represent flags. +The difference between `bitflags` and a lot of other libraries is that we don't actually control the generated `struct` in the end. +It's part of the end-user's crate, so it belongs to them. That makes it difficult to extend `bitflags` with new functionality +because we could end up breaking valid code that was already written. + +Our solution is to split the type we generate into two: the public struct owned by the end-user, and an internal struct owned by `bitflags` (us). +To give you an example, let's say we had a crate that called `bitflags!`: + +```rust +bitflags! { + pub struct MyFlags: u32 { + const A = 1; + const B = 2; + } +} +``` + +What they'd end up with looks something like this: + +```rust +pub struct MyFlags(<MyFlags as PublicFlags>::InternalBitFlags); + +const _: () = { + #[repr(transparent)] + #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)] + pub struct MyInternalBitFlags { + bits: u32, + } + + impl PublicFlags for MyFlags { + type Internal = InternalBitFlags; + } +}; +``` + +If we want to expose something like a new trait impl for generated flags types, we add it to our generated `MyInternalBitFlags`, +and let `#[derive]` on `MyFlags` pick up that implementation, if an end-user chooses to add one. + +The public API is generated in the `__impl_public_flags!` macro, and the internal API is generated in +the `__impl_internal_flags!` macro. + +The macros are split into 3 modules: + +- `public`: where the user-facing flags types are generated. +- `internal`: where the `bitflags`-facing flags types are generated. +- `external`: where external library traits are implemented conditionally. +*/ + +/** +Generate a flags type. + +# `struct` mode + +A declaration that begins with `$vis struct` will generate a `struct` for a flags type, along with +methods and trait implementations for it. The body of the declaration defines flags as constants, +where each constant is a flags value of the generated flags type. + +## Examples + +Generate a flags type using `u8` as the bits type: + +``` +# use bitflags::bitflags; +bitflags! { + struct Flags: u8 { + const A = 1; + const B = 1 << 1; + const C = 0b0000_0100; + } +} +``` + +Flags types are private by default and accept standard visibility modifiers. Flags themselves +are always public: + +``` +# use bitflags::bitflags; +bitflags! { + pub struct Flags: u8 { + // Constants are always `pub` + const A = 1; + } +} +``` + +Flags may refer to other flags using their [`Flags::bits`] value: + +``` +# use bitflags::bitflags; +bitflags! { + struct Flags: u8 { + const A = 1; + const B = 1 << 1; + const AB = Flags::A.bits() | Flags::B.bits(); + } +} +``` + +A single `bitflags` invocation may include zero or more flags type declarations: + +``` +# use bitflags::bitflags; +bitflags! {} + +bitflags! { + struct Flags1: u8 { + const A = 1; + } + + struct Flags2: u8 { + const A = 1; + } +} +``` + +# `impl` mode + +A declaration that begins with `impl` will only generate methods and trait implementations for the +`struct` defined outside of the `bitflags` macro. + +The struct itself must be a newtype using the bits type as its field. + +The syntax for `impl` mode is identical to `struct` mode besides the starting token. + +## Examples + +Implement flags methods and traits for a custom flags type using `u8` as its underlying bits type: + +``` +# use bitflags::bitflags; +struct Flags(u8); + +bitflags! { + impl Flags: u8 { + const A = 1; + const B = 1 << 1; + const C = 0b0000_0100; + } +} +``` + +# Named and unnamed flags + +Constants in the body of a declaration are flags. The identifier of the constant is the name of +the flag. If the identifier is `_`, then the flag is unnamed. Unnamed flags don't appear in the +generated API, but affect how bits are truncated. + +## Examples + +Adding an unnamed flag that makes all bits known: + +``` +# use bitflags::bitflags; +bitflags! { + struct Flags: u8 { + const A = 1; + const B = 1 << 1; + + const _ = !0; + } +} +``` + +Flags types may define multiple unnamed flags: + +``` +# use bitflags::bitflags; +bitflags! { + struct Flags: u8 { + const _ = 1; + const _ = 1 << 1; + } +} +``` +*/ +#[macro_export(local_inner_macros)] +macro_rules! bitflags { + ( + $(#[$outer:meta])* + $vis:vis struct $BitFlags:ident: $T:ty { + $( + $(#[$inner:ident $($args:tt)*])* + const $Flag:tt = $value:expr; + )* + } + + $($t:tt)* + ) => { + // Declared in the scope of the `bitflags!` call + // This type appears in the end-user's API + __declare_public_bitflags! { + $(#[$outer])* + $vis struct $BitFlags + } + + // Workaround for: https://github.com/bitflags/bitflags/issues/320 + __impl_public_bitflags_consts! { + $BitFlags: $T { + $( + $(#[$inner $($args)*])* + const $Flag = $value; + )* + } + } + + #[allow( + dead_code, + deprecated, + unused_doc_comments, + unused_attributes, + unused_mut, + unused_imports, + non_upper_case_globals, + clippy::assign_op_pattern, + clippy::indexing_slicing, + clippy::same_name_method, + clippy::iter_without_into_iter, + )] + const _: () = { + // Declared in a "hidden" scope that can't be reached directly + // These types don't appear in the end-user's API + __declare_internal_bitflags! { + $vis struct InternalBitFlags: $T + } + + __impl_internal_bitflags! { + InternalBitFlags: $T, $BitFlags { + $( + $(#[$inner $($args)*])* + const $Flag = $value; + )* + } + } + + // This is where new library trait implementations can be added + __impl_external_bitflags! { + InternalBitFlags: $T, $BitFlags { + $( + $(#[$inner $($args)*])* + const $Flag; + )* + } + } + + __impl_public_bitflags_forward! { + $BitFlags: $T, InternalBitFlags + } + + __impl_public_bitflags_ops! { + $BitFlags + } + + __impl_public_bitflags_iter! { + $BitFlags: $T, $BitFlags + } + }; + + bitflags! { + $($t)* + } + }; + ( + impl $BitFlags:ident: $T:ty { + $( + $(#[$inner:ident $($args:tt)*])* + const $Flag:tt = $value:expr; + )* + } + + $($t:tt)* + ) => { + __impl_public_bitflags_consts! { + $BitFlags: $T { + $( + $(#[$inner $($args)*])* + const $Flag = $value; + )* + } + } + + #[allow( + dead_code, + deprecated, + unused_doc_comments, + unused_attributes, + unused_mut, + unused_imports, + non_upper_case_globals, + clippy::assign_op_pattern, + clippy::iter_without_into_iter, + )] + const _: () = { + __impl_public_bitflags! { + $BitFlags: $T, $BitFlags { + $( + $(#[$inner $($args)*])* + const $Flag = $value; + )* + } + } + + __impl_public_bitflags_ops! { + $BitFlags + } + + __impl_public_bitflags_iter! { + $BitFlags: $T, $BitFlags + } + }; + + bitflags! { + $($t)* + } + }; + () => {}; +} + +/// Implement functions on bitflags types. +/// +/// We need to be careful about adding new methods and trait implementations here because they +/// could conflict with items added by the end-user. +#[macro_export(local_inner_macros)] +#[doc(hidden)] +macro_rules! __impl_bitflags { + ( + $PublicBitFlags:ident: $T:ty { + fn empty() $empty:block + fn all() $all:block + fn bits($bits0:ident) $bits:block + fn from_bits($from_bits0:ident) $from_bits:block + fn from_bits_truncate($from_bits_truncate0:ident) $from_bits_truncate:block + fn from_bits_retain($from_bits_retain0:ident) $from_bits_retain:block + fn from_name($from_name0:ident) $from_name:block + fn is_empty($is_empty0:ident) $is_empty:block + fn is_all($is_all0:ident) $is_all:block + fn intersects($intersects0:ident, $intersects1:ident) $intersects:block + fn contains($contains0:ident, $contains1:ident) $contains:block + fn insert($insert0:ident, $insert1:ident) $insert:block + fn remove($remove0:ident, $remove1:ident) $remove:block + fn toggle($toggle0:ident, $toggle1:ident) $toggle:block + fn set($set0:ident, $set1:ident, $set2:ident) $set:block + fn intersection($intersection0:ident, $intersection1:ident) $intersection:block + fn union($union0:ident, $union1:ident) $union:block + fn difference($difference0:ident, $difference1:ident) $difference:block + fn symmetric_difference($symmetric_difference0:ident, $symmetric_difference1:ident) $symmetric_difference:block + fn complement($complement0:ident) $complement:block + } + ) => { + #[allow(dead_code, deprecated, unused_attributes)] + impl $PublicBitFlags { + /// Get a flags value with all bits unset. + #[inline] + pub const fn empty() -> Self { + $empty + } + + /// Get a flags value with all known bits set. + #[inline] + pub const fn all() -> Self { + $all + } + + /// Get the underlying bits value. + /// + /// The returned value is exactly the bits set in this flags value. + #[inline] + pub const fn bits(&self) -> $T { + let $bits0 = self; + $bits + } + + /// Convert from a bits value. + /// + /// This method will return `None` if any unknown bits are set. + #[inline] + pub const fn from_bits(bits: $T) -> $crate::__private::core::option::Option<Self> { + let $from_bits0 = bits; + $from_bits + } + + /// Convert from a bits value, unsetting any unknown bits. + #[inline] + pub const fn from_bits_truncate(bits: $T) -> Self { + let $from_bits_truncate0 = bits; + $from_bits_truncate + } + + /// Convert from a bits value exactly. + #[inline] + pub const fn from_bits_retain(bits: $T) -> Self { + let $from_bits_retain0 = bits; + $from_bits_retain + } + + /// Get a flags value with the bits of a flag with the given name set. + /// + /// This method will return `None` if `name` is empty or doesn't + /// correspond to any named flag. + #[inline] + pub fn from_name(name: &str) -> $crate::__private::core::option::Option<Self> { + let $from_name0 = name; + $from_name + } + + /// Whether all bits in this flags value are unset. + #[inline] + pub const fn is_empty(&self) -> bool { + let $is_empty0 = self; + $is_empty + } + + /// Whether all known bits in this flags value are set. + #[inline] + pub const fn is_all(&self) -> bool { + let $is_all0 = self; + $is_all + } + + /// Whether any set bits in a source flags value are also set in a target flags value. + #[inline] + pub const fn intersects(&self, other: Self) -> bool { + let $intersects0 = self; + let $intersects1 = other; + $intersects + } + + /// Whether all set bits in a source flags value are also set in a target flags value. + #[inline] + pub const fn contains(&self, other: Self) -> bool { + let $contains0 = self; + let $contains1 = other; + $contains + } + + /// The bitwise or (`|`) of the bits in two flags values. + #[inline] + pub fn insert(&mut self, other: Self) { + let $insert0 = self; + let $insert1 = other; + $insert + } + + /// The intersection of a source flags value with the complement of a target flags value (`&!`). + /// + /// This method is not equivalent to `self & !other` when `other` has unknown bits set. + /// `remove` won't truncate `other`, but the `!` operator will. + #[inline] + pub fn remove(&mut self, other: Self) { + let $remove0 = self; + let $remove1 = other; + $remove + } + + /// The bitwise exclusive-or (`^`) of the bits in two flags values. + #[inline] + pub fn toggle(&mut self, other: Self) { + let $toggle0 = self; + let $toggle1 = other; + $toggle + } + + /// Call `insert` when `value` is `true` or `remove` when `value` is `false`. + #[inline] + pub fn set(&mut self, other: Self, value: bool) { + let $set0 = self; + let $set1 = other; + let $set2 = value; + $set + } + + /// The bitwise and (`&`) of the bits in two flags values. + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub const fn intersection(self, other: Self) -> Self { + let $intersection0 = self; + let $intersection1 = other; + $intersection + } + + /// The bitwise or (`|`) of the bits in two flags values. + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub const fn union(self, other: Self) -> Self { + let $union0 = self; + let $union1 = other; + $union + } + + /// The intersection of a source flags value with the complement of a target flags value (`&!`). + /// + /// This method is not equivalent to `self & !other` when `other` has unknown bits set. + /// `difference` won't truncate `other`, but the `!` operator will. + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub const fn difference(self, other: Self) -> Self { + let $difference0 = self; + let $difference1 = other; + $difference + } + + /// The bitwise exclusive-or (`^`) of the bits in two flags values. + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub const fn symmetric_difference(self, other: Self) -> Self { + let $symmetric_difference0 = self; + let $symmetric_difference1 = other; + $symmetric_difference + } + + /// The bitwise negation (`!`) of the bits in a flags value, truncating the result. + #[inline] + #[must_use] + pub const fn complement(self) -> Self { + let $complement0 = self; + $complement + } + } + }; +} + +/// A macro that processed the input to `bitflags!` and shuffles attributes around +/// based on whether or not they're "expression-safe". +/// +/// This macro is a token-tree muncher that works on 2 levels: +/// +/// For each attribute, we explicitly match on its identifier, like `cfg` to determine +/// whether or not it should be considered expression-safe. +/// +/// If you find yourself with an attribute that should be considered expression-safe +/// and isn't, it can be added here. +#[macro_export(local_inner_macros)] +#[doc(hidden)] +macro_rules! __bitflags_expr_safe_attrs { + // Entrypoint: Move all flags and all attributes into `unprocessed` lists + // where they'll be munched one-at-a-time + ( + $(#[$inner:ident $($args:tt)*])* + { $e:expr } + ) => { + __bitflags_expr_safe_attrs! { + expr: { $e }, + attrs: { + // All attributes start here + unprocessed: [$(#[$inner $($args)*])*], + // Attributes that are safe on expressions go here + processed: [], + }, + } + }; + // Process the next attribute on the current flag + // `cfg`: The next flag should be propagated to expressions + // NOTE: You can copy this rules block and replace `cfg` with + // your attribute name that should be considered expression-safe + ( + expr: { $e:expr }, + attrs: { + unprocessed: [ + // cfg matched here + #[cfg $($args:tt)*] + $($attrs_rest:tt)* + ], + processed: [$($expr:tt)*], + }, + ) => { + __bitflags_expr_safe_attrs! { + expr: { $e }, + attrs: { + unprocessed: [ + $($attrs_rest)* + ], + processed: [ + $($expr)* + // cfg added here + #[cfg $($args)*] + ], + }, + } + }; + // Process the next attribute on the current flag + // `$other`: The next flag should not be propagated to expressions + ( + expr: { $e:expr }, + attrs: { + unprocessed: [ + // $other matched here + #[$other:ident $($args:tt)*] + $($attrs_rest:tt)* + ], + processed: [$($expr:tt)*], + }, + ) => { + __bitflags_expr_safe_attrs! { + expr: { $e }, + attrs: { + unprocessed: [ + $($attrs_rest)* + ], + processed: [ + // $other not added here + $($expr)* + ], + }, + } + }; + // Once all attributes on all flags are processed, generate the actual code + ( + expr: { $e:expr }, + attrs: { + unprocessed: [], + processed: [$(#[$expr:ident $($exprargs:tt)*])*], + }, + ) => { + $(#[$expr $($exprargs)*])* + { $e } + } +} + +/// Implement a flag, which may be a wildcard `_`. +#[macro_export(local_inner_macros)] +#[doc(hidden)] +macro_rules! __bitflags_flag { + ( + { + name: _, + named: { $($named:tt)* }, + unnamed: { $($unnamed:tt)* }, + } + ) => { + $($unnamed)* + }; + ( + { + name: $Flag:ident, + named: { $($named:tt)* }, + unnamed: { $($unnamed:tt)* }, + } + ) => { + $($named)* + }; +} + +#[macro_use] +mod public; +#[macro_use] +mod internal; +#[macro_use] +mod external; + +#[cfg(feature = "example_generated")] +pub mod example_generated; + +#[cfg(test)] +mod tests; |