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+/* origin: FreeBSD /usr/src/lib/msun/src/s_expm1f.c */
+/*
+ * Conversion to float by Ian Lance Taylor, Cygnus Support, ian@cygnus.com.
+ */
+/*
+ * ====================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Developed at SunPro, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business.
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
+ * software is freely granted, provided that this notice
+ * is preserved.
+ * ====================================================
+ */
+
+const O_THRESHOLD: f32 = 8.8721679688e+01; /* 0x42b17180 */
+const LN2_HI: f32 = 6.9313812256e-01; /* 0x3f317180 */
+const LN2_LO: f32 = 9.0580006145e-06; /* 0x3717f7d1 */
+const INV_LN2: f32 = 1.4426950216e+00; /* 0x3fb8aa3b */
+/*
+ * Domain [-0.34568, 0.34568], range ~[-6.694e-10, 6.696e-10]:
+ * |6 / x * (1 + 2 * (1 / (exp(x) - 1) - 1 / x)) - q(x)| < 2**-30.04
+ * Scaled coefficients: Qn_here = 2**n * Qn_for_q (see s_expm1.c):
+ */
+const Q1: f32 = -3.3333212137e-2; /* -0x888868.0p-28 */
+const Q2: f32 = 1.5807170421e-3; /* 0xcf3010.0p-33 */
+
+/// Exponential, base *e*, of x-1 (f32)
+///
+/// Calculates the exponential of `x` and subtract 1, that is, *e* raised
+/// to the power `x` minus 1 (where *e* is the base of the natural
+/// system of logarithms, approximately 2.71828).
+/// The result is accurate even for small values of `x`,
+/// where using `exp(x)-1` would lose many significant digits.
+#[inline]
+#[cfg_attr(all(test, assert_no_panic), no_panic::no_panic)]
+pub fn expm1f(mut x: f32) -> f32 {
+ let x1p127 = f32::from_bits(0x7f000000); // 0x1p127f === 2 ^ 127
+
+ let mut hx = x.to_bits();
+ let sign = (hx >> 31) != 0;
+ hx &= 0x7fffffff;
+
+ /* filter out huge and non-finite argument */
+ if hx >= 0x4195b844 {
+ /* if |x|>=27*ln2 */
+ if hx > 0x7f800000 {
+ /* NaN */
+ return x;
+ }
+ if sign {
+ return -1.;
+ }
+ if x > O_THRESHOLD {
+ x *= x1p127;
+ return x;
+ }
+ }
+
+ let k: i32;
+ let hi: f32;
+ let lo: f32;
+ let mut c = 0f32;
+ /* argument reduction */
+ if hx > 0x3eb17218 {
+ /* if |x| > 0.5 ln2 */
+ if hx < 0x3F851592 {
+ /* and |x| < 1.5 ln2 */
+ if !sign {
+ hi = x - LN2_HI;
+ lo = LN2_LO;
+ k = 1;
+ } else {
+ hi = x + LN2_HI;
+ lo = -LN2_LO;
+ k = -1;
+ }
+ } else {
+ k = (INV_LN2 * x + (if sign { -0.5 } else { 0.5 })) as i32;
+ let t = k as f32;
+ hi = x - t * LN2_HI; /* t*ln2_hi is exact here */
+ lo = t * LN2_LO;
+ }
+ x = hi - lo;
+ c = (hi - x) - lo;
+ } else if hx < 0x33000000 {
+ /* when |x|<2**-25, return x */
+ if hx < 0x00800000 {
+ force_eval!(x * x);
+ }
+ return x;
+ } else {
+ k = 0;
+ }
+
+ /* x is now in primary range */
+ let hfx = 0.5 * x;
+ let hxs = x * hfx;
+ let r1 = 1. + hxs * (Q1 + hxs * Q2);
+ let t = 3. - r1 * hfx;
+ let mut e = hxs * ((r1 - t) / (6. - x * t));
+ if k == 0 {
+ /* c is 0 */
+ return x - (x * e - hxs);
+ }
+ e = x * (e - c) - c;
+ e -= hxs;
+ /* exp(x) ~ 2^k (x_reduced - e + 1) */
+ if k == -1 {
+ return 0.5 * (x - e) - 0.5;
+ }
+ if k == 1 {
+ if x < -0.25 {
+ return -2. * (e - (x + 0.5));
+ }
+ return 1. + 2. * (x - e);
+ }
+ let twopk = f32::from_bits(((0x7f + k) << 23) as u32); /* 2^k */
+ if (k < 0) || (k > 56) {
+ /* suffice to return exp(x)-1 */
+ let mut y = x - e + 1.;
+ if k == 128 {
+ y = y * 2. * x1p127;
+ } else {
+ y = y * twopk;
+ }
+ return y - 1.;
+ }
+ let uf = f32::from_bits(((0x7f - k) << 23) as u32); /* 2^-k */
+ if k < 23 {
+ (x - e + (1. - uf)) * twopk
+ } else {
+ (x - (e + uf) + 1.) * twopk
+ }
+}